Version 5.0, Sep 28, 2019
Fusion Reactions | Fission Reactions | Two To Two Reactions | All Tables
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AllTables: In this, any and all of the tables made available by Dr Parkhomov may be invoked by a single SQL command and the results listed.
To make full use of this program's capabilities, a sound grasp of SQL is essential.
Note that a "null" appearing anywhere in the source or results tables indicates either that the value is not known or is not applicable in the context
This "universal" program can accept full SQL commands that query any of the 12 "Parkhomov" tables, together with the "ElementProperties", "Nuclides", "RadioNuclides" and "Atomic Radii" tables as well.
New Feature: In all the above tables except the Periodic, each atom, in either the input or the output, as well as its 'A' and 'Z' numbers now also has a 'nBorF' ('nuclear Boson or Fermion') and a 'aBorF' ('atomic Boson or Fermion') parameter associated with it.
An atom's nucleus is considered a Boson if its A number is even; if odd a Fermion (thus nBorF = 'b' or 'f'). The atom itself is considered a Boson if its number of neutrons (A - Z) is even; if odd a Fermion (thus aBorF = 'b' or 'f').
The above extra parameters can be used either passively by observing the distributions of 'b' and 'f' in inputs and/or outputs, and/or actively by including some or all of them in the SQL commands themselves.
| id | Category | Author | Year | Title | Journal_Title | Editor | Publisher | City | Date | Comment | Keywords | Abstract | Links | Citations | Headline |
| 1 | Book | 2014 | Developments in Electrochemistry - Science Inspired by Martin Fleischmann | Pletcher, D., Tian, Z. Q., Williams, D. E. G. | Wiley | Developments in Electrochemistry - Science Inspired by Martin Fleischmann | |||||||||
| 2 | Book | 2020 | Cold Fusion Avances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Biberian, J. P. | Elsevier | Cold Fusion Avances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Cold Fusion: Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science provides a concise description of the existing technological approaches in cold fusion or low energy nuclear reaction engineering. It handles the chemistry, physics, materials, and various processes involved in cold fusion, and provides a critical analysis of obtained theoretical and experimental results. The book has a very international appeal with the editor from France and an international pool of chapter authors from academia and industry. | https://www.elsevier.com/books/cold-fusion/gromov/978-0-12-815944-6 | |||||||
| 3 | Journal Article | Abbenseth, R., Wipf, H. | 1980 | Thermal Expansion and Lattice Anharmonicity of Pd-H and Pd-D Alloys | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 10 | Thermal Expansion and Lattice Anharmonicity of Pd-H and Pd-D Alloys | Thermal Expansion, Lattice Parameter, PdH, PdD | ||||||||
| 4 | Film or Broadcast | ABC | 1994 | 'Good Morning America' | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 10 | 'Good Morning America' | history | ||||||||
| 5 | Journal Article | Abell, G. C., Attalla, A. | 1987 | NMR Evidence for Solid-Fluid Transition Near 250 K of 3He Bubbles in Palladium Tritide | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 59, Num = 9, Page = 995 | NMR Evidence for Solid-Fluid Transition Near 250 K of 3He Bubbles in Palladium Tritide | Pd tritium, Helium, PdT | ||||||||
| 6 | Journal Article | Abell, G. C., Matson, L. K., Steinmeyer, R. H., Bowman Jr., R. C., Oliver, B. M. | 1990 | Helium release from aged palladium tritide | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 2, Page = 1220 | Helium release from aged palladium tritide | Helium diffusion, PdT | ||||||||
| 7 | Journal Article | Aben, P. C., Burgers, W. G. | 1989 | Surface Structure and Electrochemical Potential of Palladium while Absorbing Hydrogen in Aqueous Solution | Trans. Faraday Soc., Vol = 56 | Surface Structure and Electrochemical Potential of Palladium while Absorbing Hydrogen in Aqueous Solution | Pd, hydrogen, lattice Parameter, overvoltage, phase Diagram, PdH | ||||||||
| 8 | Journal Article | Aberdam, D., Avenier, M., Bagieu, G., Bouchez, J., Cavaignac, J. F., Collot, J., Durand, R., Faure, R., Favier, J., Kajfasz, E., Koang, D. H., Lefievre, B., Lesquoy, E., Pessard, H., Rouault, A., Senateur, J. P., Stutz, A., Weiss, F. | 1990 | Limits on neutron emission following deuterium absorption into palladium and titanium | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 65, Num = 10, Page = 1196. | Limits on neutron emission following deuterium absorption into palladium and titanium | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 9 | Journal Article | Abriola, D., Achterberg, E., Davidson, M., Debray, M., Etchegoyen, M. C., Fazzini, N., Niello, J. F., Ferrero, A. M. J., Filevich, A., Galia, M.C., Garavaglia, R., B., Garcia, Gettar, R. T., Gil, S., Grahmann, H., Huck, H., Jech, A., Kreiner, A. J., Macchiavelli, A. O., Magallanes, J. F., Maqueda, E., Marti, G., Pacheco, A. J., Percz, M. L., Pomar, C., Ramirez, M., Scassera, M. | 1989 | Examination of nuclear measurement conditions in cold fusion experiments | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 265 | Examination of nuclear measurement conditions in cold fusion experiments | gamma emission, neutron, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, PdCl2 | ||||||||
| 10 | Journal Article | AbuTaha, A. F. | 1990 | Cold fusion - engineering perspectives | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 391 | Cold fusion - engineering perspectives | lattice stress, stored energy critique | ||||||||
| 11 | Journal Article | AbuTaha, A. F. | 1990 | Cold fusion - the heat mechanism | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 345 | Cold fusion - the heat mechanism | critique lattice stress, stored energy fractofusion | ||||||||
| 12 | Conference Proceedings | Abyaneh, M., Fleischmann, M., Del Giudice, E., Vitiello, G. | 2004 | Concerning the Modeling of Systems in Terms of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): The Special Case of 'Cold Fusion' | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Concerning the Modeling of Systems in Terms of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): The Special Case of 'Cold Fusion' | theory | |||||||
| 13 | Journal Article | Accomazzi, P. | 2017 | Binuclear Atoms: A Model to Explain Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Binuclear Atoms: A Model to Explain Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Binuclear atom, LENR, Mills hydrino, Rossi E-Cat, Ultra dense hydrogen | In this paper we show that the helium-like hydrogen spectra obtained by Randell L. Mills and ultra-dense hydrogen obtained by Holmlid can be interpreted as experimental evidence of Binuclear Atoms. The hydrogen Binuclear Atom, a model proposed 25 years ago, is a metastable configuration in which the two nuclei are held together at a very short distance in an atom-like configuration. This should be a distinctive configuration of the hydrogen molecule where nuclei are characterized by a high kinetic energy, and nuclear motion is coupled with electronic motion. This is a completely different model from the usual Born-Oppenheimer picture of atoms and molecules we are used to, where nuclei oscillate about their equilibrium positions and electronic motion is decoupled from the nuclear one. The identification of helium-like hydrogen spectra and ultra-dense hydrogen as Binuclear Atoms has a strong impact on one of the main objections to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR): the overcoming of the Coulomb barrier thus identifying a sound mechanism for the occurrence of LENR. This work is not conclusive. The only goal of this work is to focus the attention of people interested in LENR mechanism on this subject, and encourage them to take this hypothesis more seriously. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=74 | ||||||
| 14 | Journal Article | Ackermann, E. | 2005 | Indicators of Failed Information Epidemics in the Scientific Journal Literature: A Publication Analysis of Polywater and Cold Nuclear Fusion | Scientametrics, Vol = 66, Num = 3 | Indicators of Failed Information Epidemics in the Scientific Journal Literature: A Publication Analysis of Polywater and Cold Nuclear Fusion review | review | ||||||||
| 15 | Journal Article | Adachi, G., Sakaguchi, H., Nagao, K. | 1992 | (3)He and (4)He from D2 absorbed in LaNi5 | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 181 | (3)He and (4)He from D2 absorbed in LaNi5 | Helium LiNi5, D2 | ||||||||
| 16 | Conference Proceedings | Adamenko, S., Vysotskii, V. | 2003 | Experimental Observation And A Possible Way To The Creation Of Anomalous Isotopes And Stable Superheavy Nuclei Via The Electron-Nucleus Collapse | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Experimental Observation And A Possible Way To The Creation Of Anomalous Isotopes And Stable Superheavy Nuclei Via The Electron-Nucleus Collapse | superheavy nuclei | The problem of supercompression of a solid target to a collapse state is considered. The basic principles of construction and the parameters of an experimental setup ensuring such a supercompression are described. The model and method of creation and evolution of superheavy nuclear clusters with 250A500 and A3000-5000 in the controlled collapse zone and in the volume of a remote accumulating screen are discussed. The evolution of such clusters results in the synthesis of isotopes with 1A500 and with anomalous spatial distribution in the volume of a remote screen. These phenomena were interpreted on the basis of the idea of the formation of a self-organizing and self-supporting collapse of the electron-nucleus plasma under the action of a coherent driver up to a state close to the nuclear substance. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AdamenkoSexperiment.pdf | |||
| 17 | Conference Proceedings | Adamenko, S., Vysotskii, V. | 2004 | The Conditions And Realization Of Self-Similar Coulomb Collapse Of Condensed Target And Low-Energy Laboratory Nucleosynthesis | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | The Conditions And Realization Of Self-Similar Coulomb Collapse Of Condensed Target And Low-Energy Laboratory Nucleosynthesis | theory | |||||||
| 18 | Conference Proceedings | Adamenko, S., Vysotskii, V. | 2005 | Observation And Modeling Of The Ordered Motion Of Hypothetical Magnetically Charged Particles On The Multilayer Surface And The Problem Of Low-Energy Fusion | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Observation And Modeling Of The Ordered Motion Of Hypothetical Magnetically Charged Particles On The Multilayer Surface And The Problem Of Low-Energy Fusion | theory | ||||||
| 19 | Conference Proceedings | Adamenko, S., Vysotskii, V. | 2008 | The possible mechanism of creation of light magnetic monopoles in strong magnetic field of a laboratory system | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | The possible mechanism of creation of light magnetic monopoles in strong magnetic field of a laboratory system | theory | In this work the reasons and mechanism of the creation of unknown magneto-charged particles, which were observed in experiments on supercompression of condensed target in Kiev Electrodynamics Laboratory 'Proton-21', are discussed. It is shown that these particles are most probably the hypothetical light magnetic monopoles that were introduced by George Lochak as magneto-excited neutrinos. The parameters of these particles (including mass of monopole and both size and binding energy of monopole-antimonopole pair) and the method of their creation are discussed and calculated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AdamenkoSthepossibl.pdf | |||||
| 20 | Journal Article | Adkisson, W. M. | 1991 | The Cause of and Happenings During Cold Fusion Events | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | The Cause of and Happenings During Cold Fusion Events | history | ||||||||
| 21 | Journal Article | Adler, P. N., Schulte, R. L., Margolin, H. | 1990 | Deuterium surface segregation in titanium alloys | Metal. Trans., Vol = 21A | Deuterium surface segregation in titanium alloys | TiD, transmutation, D2, Ti | ||||||||
| 22 | Conference Proceedings | Adzic, R. R., Gervasio, I., Bae, I., Cahan, B., Yeager, E. | 1990 | Tritium Measurements and Deuterium Loading in D2O Electrolysis With a Palladium Cathode | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 261 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Tritium Measurements and Deuterium Loading in D2O Electrolysis With a Palladium Cathode | Pd, D2O, tritium, OCV, loading, ICCF-1 | Measurements have been performed to check on the Fleischmann-Pons (F-P) phenomena. They involved 1) measurements of tritium in the cell solution and the gas above it; and 2) determination of the D/Pd ratio by coulometry. Enhancement of tritium in the D2O solution was found in these two open glass cells, as well as in another four cells with Ni-anodes. The largest enhancement factor found was ~50. The neutron measurements were inconclusive. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AdzicRRtritiummea.pdf | ||
| 23 | Conference Proceedings | Afanaseyev, V. P., Dyuzhev, G. A., Logatchev, A. A., Tsirkel', B. I., Shkolnik, S. M., Kazarinov, N., Solin, L. M. | 1994 | On the Possibility of D-D Fusion Stimulation by High-Current Arc Discharge in Gas-Filled Metal | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 142 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | On the Possibility of D-D Fusion Stimulation by High-Current Arc Discharge in Gas-Filled Metal | Ti, Pd, D2, gas discharge, neutron | ||||
| 24 | Conference Proceedings | Affatato, S., Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Bulgarelli, D., Bystritsky, V. M., Capponi, M., D'Antone, I., DeCastro, S., Galli, D., Marconi, U., Massa, I., Morganti, M., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Poli, M., Semprini-Cesari, N., Villa, M., Vitale, A., Zavattini, G., Zoccoli, A. | 1990 | Measurement of a Very Low Neutron Background Within a Significant Gamma-Ray Environment by Means of a Coincidence Spectrometer with n-g Pulse-Shape Discrimination | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 3 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Measurement of a Very Low Neutron Background Within a Significant Gamma-Ray Environment by Means of a Coincidence Spectrometer with n-g Pulse-Shape Discrimination | neutron, gamma emission, method | ||||
| 25 | Conference Proceedings | Afonichev, D. | 2003 | High-Frequency Radiation And Tritium Channel | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | High-Frequency Radiation And Tritium Channel | tritium, neutron, Ti | In the process of deformation at a temperature T=710? of titanium alloy samples preliminarily saturated by deuterium a radiation, which is not a neutron flow was detected. Electromagnetic radiation in the range of radio frequencies was detected in titanium alloy samples in the process of their saturation by deuterium. The probable mechanism of its occurrence may be a retardation of charged particles in the metallic matrix. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AfonichevDhighfreque.pdf | |||
| 26 | Conference Proceedings | Afonichev, D. | 2003 | Ascending Diffusion Or Transmutation | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Ascending Diffusion Or Transmutation | transmutation | In any field of investigations new ideas in combination with newly developed equipment can provide advance results. In view of arising interest to cold nuclear fusion (CNF) [1] and searches for consequences of its occurrence the study of the interaction of hydrogen with metals has coincided with the wide spread of the micro-probe X-ray spectrum analysis. This analysis is performed during measurements of alloying element concentration [1] with resolution of about 1x1 ?2. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AfonichevDascendingd.pdf | |||
| 27 | Journal Article | Afonichev, D., Murzinova, M. | 2003 | Indicator of the process of cold fusion | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 28 | Indicator of the process of cold fusion | Cold nuclear fusion Titanium Deuterium Tritium Electromagnetic radiation Radio frequencies | www.sciencedirect.com | |||||||
| 28 | Conference Proceedings | Afonichev, D. | 2009 | About products of nucleus reactions during diffusion of deuterium through palladium membrane (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | About products of nucleus reactions during diffusion of deuterium through palladium membrane (PowerPoint slides) | Tritium | On the basis of the results of our previous experiments on deformation of deuterium saturated titanium alloy samples and saturation of titanium alloys, the mechanism of cold nuclear fusion proceeding via the tritium channel is proposed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AfonichevDaboutprodu.pdf | ||||
| 29 | Conference Proceedings | Afonichev, D., Galkin, E. G. | 2009 | On the products of nucleus reactions formed during deuterium diffusion through palladium membrane | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | On the products of nucleus reactions formed during deuterium diffusion through palladium membrane | We report on the results of experimental observation of interaction of deuterons in a palladium membrane in deuterium gas under the pressure of P=0,07 Mpa. The temperature fluctuation with an amplitude of Delta T= 4 / 5? was observed. After a 42 hour experiment, a significant increase in the number of of tritium (3T) atoms, N>109, has been revealed, while no traces of 4He have been found. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=54 | |||||
| 30 | Journal Article | Agelao, G., Romano, M. C. | 2000 | Heat and helium production during exothermic reactions between gases through palladium geometrical elements loaded with hydrogen | Fusion Technol., Vol = 38 | Heat and helium production during exothermic reactions between gases through palladium geometrical elements loaded with hydrogen | D2 Pd foil, film health | ||||||||
| 31 | Conference Proceedings | Agnello, M., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Cherubini, R., Haque, A. M. I., Ricci, R. A. | 1990 | Search for Neutron Emission in Titanium-Deuterium Systems | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 17 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Search for Neutron Emission in Titanium-Deuterium Systems | neutron, Ti, D2 | ||||
| 32 | Conference Proceedings | Agnello, M., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Botta, E., Bressani, T., Brunasso, O., Calvo, D., Dattola, D., Gianotti, P., Lamberti, C., Zecchina, A. | 1991 | Improvement of the TOFUS Apparatus | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 249 | Bressani, T., Del Giudice, E., Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Improvement of the TOFUS Apparatus | apparatus, method, neutron, ICCF-2 | The TOFUS experiment was started in order to detect 2.45 Me V neutrons emitted from a Ti/D system in the gas phase. Improvements in the electronics of the neutron detector, based on the double scattering technique, and in the performances of a new cell are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=264 | ||
| 33 | Conference Proceedings | Agnello, M., Botta, E., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Gianotti, P., Iazzi, F., Lamberti, C., Minetti, B., Zecchina, A. | 1992 | Measurement of 2.5 MeV Neutron Emission from Ti/D and Pd/D Systems | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 433 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Measurement of 2.5 MeV Neutron Emission from Ti/D and Pd/D Systems | Ti, Pd, neutron, D2, ICCF-3 | A new set of measurements of neutron emission from gas (D2 and H2) loaded Ti and Pd systems has been carried out in the TOFUS experiment. The temperature and pressure controls of the gas loading apparatus were improved. The results concerning the Ti/D system show the presence of a small 2.5 MeV neutron emission, with a signal having a statistical significance of ~ 5 sigma. The results on the Pd/D system doesn't show a statistically significant signal (less ~ 2 sigma). Ti loaded gas loaded with D2 and thermal cycled shows a 5sigma neutron signal at 2.45 MeV. Pd loaded in the same way shows nothing. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=172 | ||
| 34 | Conference Proceedings | Agostino, R. G., Filosa, R., Formoso, V., Liberti, G., De Ninno, A., D'Acapito, F., Colonna, S. | 2000 | Electronic Fingerprint of D Site Occupation in Pd Deuteride | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 177 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Electronic Fingerprint of D Site Occupation in Pd Deuteride | Pd, PdD, structure, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 35 | Patent | Ahern, B. S., Johnson, K. H., Clark, Jr. , H. R. | 1995 | Method of Maximizing Anharmonic Oscillations in Deuterated Alloys | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 177 | US Patent #5,411,654 | Tertiary Method of Maximizing Anharmonic Oscillations in Deuterated Alloys Method of Maximizing Anharmonic Oscillations in Deuterated Alloys | ||||||||
| 36 | Conference Proceedings | Ahern, B. S. | 2012 | Energy Localization The key to Understanding Energy in Nanotechnology & Nature (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Energy Localization The key to Understanding Energy in Nanotechnology & Nature (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Nature assembles ordered structures out of chaos without a temperature gradient or energy input. Systems generally go from ordered to chaotic. How does nature go from the chaotic to ordered? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AhernBSenergyloca.pdf | |||||
| 37 | Journal Article | Aiello, S., De Filippo, E., Lanzano, G., Lo Nigro, S., Pagano, A. | 1990 | Nuclear fusion experiment in palladium charged by deuterium gas | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Nuclear fusion experiment in palladium charged by deuterium gas | neutron, Ti, D2, Pd, gamma emission, particle emission | ||||||||
| 38 | Conference Proceedings | Aina, R., Mastromatteo, U. | 2009 | Investigation of anomalous densities of high-energy alpha-particles tracks in CR-39 detectors during electrolysis of heavy water on palladium cathodes (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Investigation of anomalous densities of high-energy alpha-particles tracks in CR-39 detectors during electrolysis of heavy water on palladium cathodes (PowerPoint slides) | cr-39, particle emission | No meaningful evidence of specific particle emission with E>2.5 MeV during D2O electrolysis (comparable track count), with or without Pd codeposition. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AinaRinvestigat.pdf | ||||
| 39 | Journal Article | Aizawa, H., Mita, K., Mizukami, D., Uno, H., Yamada, H. | 2014 | Detecting Energetic Charged Particle in D2O and H2O Electrolysis Using a Simple Arrangement of Cathode and CR-39 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 6-12 Detecting Energetic Charged Particle in D2O and H2O Electrolysis Using a Simple Arrangement of Cathode and CR-39 | Charged particle, CR-39 | Electrolysis of D2O and H2O solutions is carried out under several DC current patterns using a Ni film cathode. A CR-39 track detector is set in close contact with the cathode to detect an energetic charged particle. An impressive increasing in number of etch pit is occasionally observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=16 | ||||||
| 40 | Conference Proceedings | Akimoto, T., Mizuno, T., Saito, T., Murai, I., Kumada, T. | 1996 | Temperature dependency on counting efficiency of NE213 liquid scintillator for low level neutron measurement | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 295 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Temperature dependency on counting efficiency of NE213 liquid scintillator for low level neutron measurement | neutron, detection, method, NE213, ICCF-6 | Examination of the temperature dependency on counting efficiency of a NE213 liquid scintillator showed that the efficiency decreased with the detector temperature. This was explained as a decrease in fluorescence emission of the scintillator with the temperature increase. Therefore, correction is needed for background data in electrolysis experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=310 | |||
| 41 | Conference Proceedings | Akita, H., Tsuchida, Y., Nakata, T., Kubota, A., Kobayashi, M., Yamamoto, Y., Hasegawa, N., Hayakawa, N., Kunimatsu, K. | 1993 | Electrolytic Hydrogen/Deuterium Absorption into Pd, Pd-Rh, and Pd-Ag Alloys in Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 21 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Electrolytic Hydrogen/Deuterium Absorption into Pd, Pd-Rh, and Pd-Ag Alloys in Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell | Pd, Pd-Ag, Pd-Rh, loading, Au, ICCF-4, electrolysis, D2O, H2O | |||||
| 42 | Conference Proceedings | Al Katrib, A. K., Nagel, D. J. | 2009 | Can Water be the Origin of Excess Energy? | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Can Water be the Origin of Excess Energy? | This study was initiated due to the concern of some critics of LENR research that small energy changes in many H2O or D2O molecules in electrochemical cells can explain observed excess heat. More than three hundred LENR papers from 1989 to 2008 that reported excess energy were acquired and reviewed to extract quantitative results and other information. Excess energies and cell volumes were found in 17 papers. These data were used to compute eV per water molecule values. Most experiments showed excess energy outputs that would lead to ratios below the vibrational energy of water molecules at room temperature (0.04 eV/molecule). However, 65% of the papers, which reported both excess energies and cell volumes, indicated values significantly higher. The highest reported value was 42.6 eV/molecule. Eleven ratios are far beyond what is plausible for water to be the source of anomalous heat. Therefore, it is concluded that some unknown rearrangement of water molecules in many LENR experiments is not the source of excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=109 | |||||
| 43 | Journal Article | Alabin, K., Andreev, S. N., Sobolev, A. G., Zabavin, S. N., Parkhomov, A., Timerbulatov, T. R. | 2018 | Isotopic and Elemental Composition of Substance in Nickel-Hydrogen Heat Generators | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | Isotopic and Elemental Composition of Substance in Nickel-Hydrogen Heat Generators | Elemental composition, Heat generation, Hydrogen, Isotopic composition, Nickel | Results of isotopic and elemental composition analyses of fuel and matter near the active zone of nickel-hydrogen reactors before and after experiment with the integral excess energy up to 790 MJ are presented. No significant changes in the isotopic composition of nickel or lithium were observed. A significant increase in the concentration of impurities of a number of nuclides has been observed not only in fuel but also in structural elements adjacent to the active zones of the reactors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=37 | ||||||
| 44 | Journal Article | Albagli, D., Ballinger, R. G., Cammarata, V., Chen, X., Crooks, R. M., Fiore, C., Gaudreau, M. P. J., Hwang, I., Li, C. K., Linsay, P., Luckhardt, S. C., Parker, R. R., Petrasso, R. D., Schloh, M., Wenzel, K. W., Wrighton, M. S. | 1990 | Measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having Pd cathodes | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having Pd cathodes | electrolysis, Pd helium neutron- heat-, gamma emission, D2O, MIT | ||||||||
| 45 | Journal Article | Alber, D., Boebel, O., Schwarz, C., Duwe, H., Hilscher, D., Homeyer, H., Jahnke, U., Spellmeyer, B. | 1989 | Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion | Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., Vol = 333 | Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion | neutron, Jones | ||||||||
| 46 | Journal Article | Alberg, M. A., Wilets, L., Rehr, J. J., Mustre de Leon, J. | 1990 | Upper limits to fusion rates of isotopic hydrogen molecules in palladium | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 41 | Upper limits to fusion rates of isotopic hydrogen molecules in palladium | theory, Born-Oppenheimer, Pd fusion rate | ||||||||
| 47 | Journal Article | Albers, P., Burmeister, R., Seibold, K., Prescher, G., Parker, S. F., Ross, D. K. | 1999 | Investigations of palladium catalysts on different carbon supports | J. Catal., Vol = 181 | Investigations of palladium catalysts on different carbon supports | catalyst, Pd | ||||||||
| 48 | Journal Article | Albertini, G., Rogante, M. | 2020 | Beyond Hydrogen Loading | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 30 | Beyond Hydrogen Loading | Deformed space-time theory (DST-theory), DST reactions, Gamma emissions, Hydrogen/deuterium loading, Local Lorentz invariance breakdown, Low energy nuclear reactions, Neutron emission, Ultrasounds | While experimental and technological attention is focused on the operational methods for hydrogen loading in metals and on the observed anomalies with respect to well-established rules, we aim to remark that these methods and these consequences can be seen as a part of a more general problem. In fact, most of the experiments and deductions of material sciences are based on the assumption that space-time is flat and isotropic (Minkowskian). After discarding this assumption, a theory of Deformed Space Time (DST) was developed in the last decades. Following this theory, experimental results were obtained which are not predicted by the Standard Model. The DST-theory concerns the fundamental interactions and in particular the nuclear ones, that can play the main role in the observed anomalies. In order to consider a nuclear reaction as a DST-reaction, four main phenomenological features were deduced: occurrence of an energy threshold; change of atomic weight; absence of gamma radiation; anisotropic emission of nuclear particles in intense beams having a very short life span. From the experimental point of view, rather than looking for fortuitous events that produce the conditions for DST-reactions, more systematic research can be undertaken by following the above reported four general rules. In particular, the occurrence of thresholds can correspond to a latency time, required to reach the energy density necessary to deform space-time. The absence of gamma radiation cannot be considered as a sign that nuclear reactions are not present; in fact, in absence of detected gamma radiation, elements were found which were not present before the reaction. The nuclear emissions, which are anisotropic and impulsive, can be difficult to detect with the traditional methods, thus inducing incertitude on the occurring reactions. Finally, a rapid variation of energy density is an experimental common factor of DST-reactions. Thus, the DST-theory can be the leading theory in the design of the experiment and in the interpretation of its experimental results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzc.pdf#page=41 | ||||||
| 49 | Journal Article | Aleksan, R., Avenier, M., Bagieu, G., Bouchez, J., Cavaignac, J. F., Collot, J., Cousinou, M. C., Declais, Y., Dufour, Y., Durand, R., Faure, R., Favier, J., Kajfasz, E., De Kerret, H., Koang, D. H., Lefievre, B., Lesquoy, E., Mallet, J., Nagy, E., Obolensky, M., Pessard, H., Pierre, F., Stutz, A., Wuethrick, J. P. | 1990 | Limits on electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium by neutron flux measurements | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 234 | Limits on electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium by neutron flux measurements | electrolysis, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 50 | Journal Article | Alekseev, V. A., Vasil'ev, V. I., Romodanov, V. A., Ryshkov, Yu. F., Rylov, S. V., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Strunnikov, V. M. | 1995 | Tritium production in the interaction of dense streams of deuterium plama with metal surfaces | Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 21 | Tritium production in the interaction of dense streams of deuterium plama with metal surfaces | Ti, V, Fe, Zr, Nb, tritium, gas discharge | ||||||||
| 51 | Journal Article | Alessandrello, A., Bellotti, E., Cattadori, C., Antonione, C., Bianchi, G., Rondinini, S., Torchio, S., Fiorini, E., Guiliani, A., Ragazzi, S., Zanotti, L., Gatti, C. | 1990 | Search for cold fusion induced by electrolysis in palladium | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = A103 | Search for cold fusion induced by electrolysis in palladium | gamma emission, neutron, tritium, fractofusion, D2, Helium electrolysis, heat-, negative | ||||||||
| 52 | Journal Article | Alexander, K. F. | 1989 | Cold nuclear fusion | Wissensch. Fortschr., Vol = 39 | Cold nuclear fusion | Review | ||||||||
| 53 | Conference Proceedings | Alexandrov, D. | 2008 | Heavy Electrons in Nano-Structure Clusters of Disordered Solids | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Heavy Electrons in Nano-Structure Clusters of Disordered Solids | theory | The existence of heavy electrons is found theoretically in nano-structure clusters of disordered solids. The basis of the investigation is the electron band structures of disordered semiconductors previously determined by the author. The existence of electron energy pockets is found for the electrons in the conduction bands of these semiconductors that are nano-confining potential valleys of dimensions in the range of the primitive cell. The electron wave function of the confined electron is determined in when the electron interacts with local electrical field that is external for the energy pocket, and the average velocity of the electron is found. An expression for electron mass of an electron localized in pocket is derived. It is found that this electron mass is greater than the electron mass at rest and the confined electrons are designated heavy electrons. The possibility of interactions of protons with heavy electrons is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Alexandrovheavyelect.pdf | |||||
| 54 | Conference Proceedings | Alexandrov, D. | 2019 | Cold Fusion Synthesis of Helium Isotopes in Interaction of Deuterium and of Hydrogen Nuclei with Metals | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Cold Fusion Synthesis of Helium Isotopes in Interaction of Deuterium and of Hydrogen Nuclei with Metals | Theoretical outcomes and their connections with the experimental outcomes i) Increase of the temperature (T) increases the probabilities for both fusion reactions ? it is connected with the experimental facts that the concentrations of both 4He and 3He increase with the increase of the temperature; ii) Increase of the kinetic energies of the interacting nuclei (D and D, and D and H) increases the probability for both fusion reactions ? it is connected with the experimental facts that the concentrations of both 4He and 3He increase with the increase of the plasma voltage; iii) The released energies of the fusion reactions partially destroy the crystal lattice making that the corresponding regions not to be able to participate in immediate further reactions ? it corresponds to the cyclic change of the temperature that was observed experimentally, i.e. time for recovery of the crystal lattice is needed in order fusion reactions to be re-established again; iv) Any partial destroy of the crystal lattice (mechanical or as result of fusion reaction) brings the corresponding destroyed regions out of order regarding the fusion reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Alexandrovcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 55 | Conference Proceedings | Alguero, M., Fernandez, F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C. | 1993 | On the Subsistence of Anomalous Nuclear Effects After Interrupting the Electrolysis in F-P Type Experiments with Deuterated Ti Cathodes | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 25 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | On the Subsistence of Anomalous Nuclear Effects After Interrupting the Electrolysis in F-P Type Experiments with Deuterated Ti Cathodes | Ti D2O, loading neutron ICCF-4 electrolysis | |||||
| 56 | Conference Proceedings | Alguero, M., Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C. | 1995 | An Experimental Method to Measure the Rate of H(D)-Absorption by a Pd Cathode During the Electrolysis of an Aqueous Solution: Advantages and Disadvantages | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 441 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | An Experimental Method to Measure the Rate of H(D)-Absorption by a Pd Cathode During the Electrolysis of an Aqueous Solution: Advantages and Disadvantages | D/Pd, method loading, Pd, electrolysis ICCF-5 | An experimental set up to measure the rate of BCD) uptake by a Pd cathode during the electrolysis of an aqueous electrolyte has been built and its behavior is analyzed. The experimental procedure is based on the pressure changes that take place within a closed electrolytic cell during the hydride (deuteride) formation. Calibration of the system has been done by accomplishing electrolysis with two Pl electrodes and the error sources have been studied. A protocol to be used in Pd hydrogenation (deuteration) is defined. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of this experimental m ethod against measurements of the Pd electric resistance variations are briefly discussed. Describe a method to measure D content of Pd during electrolysis | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=246 | ||
| 57 | Journal Article | Alguero, M., Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C. | 1996 | An interpretation of some postelectrolysis nuclear effects in deuterated titanium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | An interpretation of some postelectrolysis nuclear effects in deuterated titanium | electrolysis, neutron, Ti, D2O fractofusion | ||||||||
| 58 | Journal Article | Allard, K., Maeland, A. J., Simons, J. W., Flanagan, T. B. | 1968 | Application of the Electron-Donation Model for Hydrogen Absorption to Palladium-Rich Alloys. Hydrogen-Gold-Palladium | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 72 | Application of the Electron-Donation Model for Hydrogen Absorption to Palladium-Rich Alloys. Hydrogen-Gold-Palladium | H, electron Structure Au-Pd Phase Diagram, loading | ||||||||
| 59 | Journal Article | Altaiskii, M. V., Artekha, S. N., Barts, B. I., Bar'yakhtar, V. G., Moiseev, S. S. | 1990 | Fluctuational enhancement of quantum mechanical and wave barrier penetrability and some physical consequences | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., Vol = 52, Num = 1, Page = 78 (in Russian) | Fluctuational enhancement of quantum mechanical and wave barrier penetrability and some physical consequences | Theory fluctuations vibration distance | ||||||||
| 60 | Journal Article | Amato, I. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Keeps Its Head Just Above Water | Science News, Vol = 13 | Cold Fusion Keeps Its Head Just Above Water | history | ||||||||
| 61 | Journal Article | Amato, I. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Saga: Trials and Tribulations | Science News, Vol = 137, Num = 24, Page = 374 | Cold Fusion Saga: Trials and Tribulations | history | ||||||||
| 62 | Journal Article | Amato, I. | 1990 | If Not Cold Fusion, Try Fracto-Fusion? | Science News, Vol = 137 | If Not Cold Fusion, Try Fracto-Fusion? | history, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 63 | Magazine Article | Amato, I. | 1990 | Cold Fusion:Wanted Dead And Alive | Science News, Vol = 137 | Cold Fusion:Wanted Dead And Alive | review, newspaper | ||||||||
| 64 | Journal Article | Amato, I. | 1992 | Cluster Fusion: Close But No Cigar | Science, Vol = 256, Num = 5054, Page = 178 | Cluster Fusion: Close But No Cigar | history | ||||||||
| 65 | Report | Ambadkar, A., Dash, J. | 2003 | Electrolysis Of D2O With A Palladium Cathode Compared With Electrolysis Of H2O With A Platinum Electrode: Procedure And Experimental Details | Science, Vol = 256, Num = 5054, Page = 178 | Portland State University | Porland, OR | Electrolysis Of D2O With A Palladium Cathode Compared With Electrolysis Of H2O With A Platinum Electrode: Procedure And Experimental Details | heat | A description of experimental procedures used by Ambadkar and Dash at the Low Energy Nuclear Laboratory (LENL), Portland State University. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AmbadkarAelectrolys.pdf | ||||
| 66 | Conference Proceedings | Amini, F. | 2005 | Production Method for Violent TCB Jet Plasma from Cavity | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Production Method for Violent TCB Jet Plasma from Cavity | cavitation, ultrasonic, heat | 1. Introduction One of our hydropower plants (Masjed - E - Soleyman, Iran) has four Francis turbines. Two units on the right side (looking downstream) share a common penstock and a common long tailrace tunnel, and the other two units on the left also share a penstock and tailrace tunnel. Upon commissioning of one unit, the hydraulic transient in the draft tube during load rejection above 75% was excessive. It was apparent that the guide vane closing law that had been adopted would result in water column separation during load rejection at full power. Tests with a slower closing rate showed that the risk of column separation was reduced, but a violent surge developed in the draft tube close to maximum over speed. The energy level and cavity volume that are produced are much more than those of regular TCB (Transient Cavitation Bubbles) experiments, and therefore, we should expect more intense effects than a regular TCB jet produces. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AminiFproduction.pdf | ||||
| 67 | Report | Amini, F. | 2013 | The Study of Cavitation Bubble-Surface Plasmon Resonance Interaction For LENR and Biochemical processes | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | The Study of Cavitation Bubble-Surface Plasmon Resonance Interaction For LENR and Biochemical processes | Cavitation | The cavitation bubble resonator (CBR) can be used as a new coupling technique. The purpose of this paper is to study coupled SPR-CBR, coupled CBR-Nickel and coupled CBR-Biochemical. It is expected the cavitation bubble resonator assists a pseudo coupling process. The design of nano CBR cell can play a significant role in the sciences of therapeutic drugs and power generation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AminiFthestudyof.pdf | |||||
| 68 | Journal Article | An, X. W., Yan, H. K., Han, B. X., Guo, D., Xie, D. Y., Zhu, Q. H., Hu, R. H. | 1991 | Calorimetric investigation of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 183 | Calorimetric investigation of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | electrolysis Pd, heat, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 69 | Journal Article | An, H. K., Jeong, E. I., Hong, J. H., Lee, Y. | 1995 | Analysis of deformed palladium cathodes resulting from heavy water electrolysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 27 | Analysis of deformed palladium cathodes resulting from heavy water electrolysis | Pd Ti Au surface layer heat electrolysis D2O | ||||||||
| 70 | Conference Proceedings | Andermann, G. | 1990 | Theoretical Model for Low Temperature Nuclear Events | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 107 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Theoretical Model for Low Temperature Nuclear Events | theory | |||||
| 71 | Conference Proceedings | Andermann, G. | 1990 | A New Theoretical Model (Nu-Q) for Rationalizing Electrochemically Induced Nuclear Events Observed in Deuterium Loaded Pd Cathodes | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 295 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | A New Theoretical Model (Nu-Q) for Rationalizing Electrochemically Induced Nuclear Events Observed in Deuterium Loaded Pd Cathodes | theory dineutron ICCF-1 | A model is proposed based on di-neutrons. NUt to rationalize most of the high energy and some of the low energy events observed in electrochemically induced . cold fusion'. Using pressure induced electron capture (EC) by deuterons as the triggering mechanism for the creation of NUt this model calls for the absorption of Nu by deuterons. creating a highly unstable isotope Quatrium. Q*, which decays instantly to yield tri tium and neutrons. Because of electron spin considerations the dominant EC mechanism is shown to yield two kinds of Nu. namely, a low lying NUL and a less stable higher lying Nu H. Thus. the Nu-Q* mechanism is shown to yield a doublet in the gamma ray spectrum. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=314 | ||
| 72 | Journal Article | Anderson, I. S., Ross, D. K., Carlile, C. J. | 1978 | The Structure of the g Phase of Palladium Deuteride | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 68 | The Structure of the g Phase of Palladium Deuteride | structure, PdD, lattice Parameter, gamma phase | ||||||||
| 73 | Journal Article | Anderson, G. C. | 1989 | Clandestine NSF Panel Warms to Cold Fusion | The Scientist | Clandestine NSF Panel Warms to Cold Fusion | history | ||||||||
| 74 | Conference Proceedings | Anderson, R. E., Goulding, C. A., Johnson, M. W., Butterfield, K. B., Gottesfeld, S., Baker, D. A., Springer, T. E., Garzon, F. H., Bolton, R. D., Leonard, E. M., Chancellor, T. | 1990 | Neutron Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 43 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Neutron Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion | Pd, Ti, D2, D2O, neutron | ||||
| 75 | Conference Proceedings | Anderson, R. E., Jones, S. E. | 1990 | Comments on an Experiment at Yale on Cold Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 24 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Comments on an Experiment at Yale on Cold Fusion | neutron, error, critique | ||||
| 76 | Journal Article | Anderson, D. M., Bockris, J. | 1990 | Cold Fusion at Texas A&M | Science, Vol = 249 | Cold Fusion at Texas A&M | history | ||||||||
| 77 | Journal Article | Anderson, J., Bockris, J., Worledge, D. H., Taubes, G. | 1990 | Letters and Response about Cold Fusion at Texas A&M | Science, Vol = 249 | Letters and Response about Cold Fusion at Texas A&M | history | ||||||||
| 78 | Magazine Article | Anderson, M. | 2012 | Big Idea: Bring Back the 'Cold Fusion' Dream | Discover Magazine | Big Idea: Bring Back the 'Cold Fusion' Dream | Theory | ||||||||
| 79 | Journal Article | Andreani, R. | 1989 | La fusione 'fredda'' (''Cold' fusion') | Energ. Nucl. (Rome), Vol = 6 | La fusione 'fredda'' (''Cold' fusion') | history | ||||||||
| 80 | Journal Article | Andresen, B. D., Whipple, R. E., Alcaraz, A., Haas, J. S., Grant, P. M. | 1994 | Potentially explosive organic reaction mechanisms in Pd/D2O electrochemical cells | Chem. Health Safety, Vol = 1 | Potentially explosive organic reaction mechanisms in Pd/D2O electrochemical cells | explosion, SRI, accident | ||||||||
| 81 | Journal Article | Andrianov, B. A. | 2014 | Natural Low Energy Nuclear Fusion Reaction | Infinite Energy | 42 Natural Low Energy Nuclear Fusion Reaction | A hypothesis is put forward explaining a superpower flash, a shock wave and instant evaporation of most of the Chelyabinsk meteor by the emergence of conditions for a low energy fusion exothermic reaction between Mg and Si nuclei contained in olivine and pyroxene, which were found in the meteorite. The possible initiators of that reaction are considered. They are supposed as common for the known experiments of similar type. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AndrianovBnaturallow.pdf | |||||||
| 82 | Journal Article | Andrianov, B. A. | 2017 | Probable Products of Low Energy Nuclear Fusion Reactions on the Bodies of the Solar System | Infinite Energy | 36 Probable Products of Low Energy Nuclear Fusion Reactions on the Bodies of the Solar System | In the context of hypotheses about probable realization of low energy nuclear fusion reactions (LENR) there have been considered common features joining such seemingly alien to one another objects as meteorites, fulgurites and also the products of volcanic activity on Jupiter's satellite Io. Common for all of them is the combination of great values of pressure, temperature and electric current density. The most probable LENR for the Chelyabinsk meteor could be the reaction between magnesium and silicon nuclei contained in olivine and pyroxene, which were found in the meteorite. As a result of lightning strike quartz sand turns into fulgurite in which one can find metallic spheroids of troilite, alpha iron and shreibersite. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AndrianovBprobablepr.pdf | |||||||
| 83 | Journal Article | Andrianov, B. A. | 2018 | Fulgurites, Boludes, Volcanoes and Planetary Cores: Do They Have Anything in Common? | Infinite Energy | 16 Fulgurites, Boludes, Volcanoes and Planetary Cores: Do They Have Anything in Common? | As a continuation of the author's hypotheses about iron and sulfur formation in Kolyma fulgurite as a result of LENRfusion of two 28/14Si or two 16/8O nuclei, a common origin mechanism for phosphorus, manganese and titanium was retraced in fulgurites and magmatic spheroids. A manganese nucleus is formed at a fusion of 27/13Al and 28/14Si nuclei, and a titanium nucleus at a fusion of two 23/11Na nuclei. The appearance of nickel isotopes was explained in iron meteorites. On the basis of introduced reactions a hypothesis of planetary cores formation was put forward. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AndrianovBfulgurites.pdf | |||||||
| 84 | Journal Article | Andrianov, B. A. | 2020 | Probable Microbiological Origin of Chemical Elements in Polymetallic Nodules on the Ocean Floor | Infinite Energy | Probable Microbiological Origin of Chemical Elements in Polymetallic Nodules on the Ocean Floor | Biological | A hypothesis is put forward explaining the origin of chemical elements in polymetallic nodules on the ocean bottom as a result of bacteria activity initiating low energy nuclear fusion reactions (LENR). As is known, sea water, bottom deposits and suspensions contain Na, Cl, Ca, K, Mg, Li, Al, Si, B, P, F and S. From this set of elements the formation ways are shown not only for iron and manganese, but also for Ti, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr, V, Mo, Ga, Ge, Se, Br, Zr, Sr, Y, Nb, In, Sn, Sb, W, Hf, Re, Ag, Pd, Rh, Cd, Sc, Te, Ba, La, Ce, Nd and Sm. The origin of listed elements occurs with the active bacteria participation as a result of heat-generating LENR mainly by electron capture from inner atomic layers without additional external expenditure of energy, any radioactive materials or hard radiation. This allows us to naturally explain the emergence in nodules of stable isotopes of many elements which are really present there. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AndrianovBprobablemi.pdf | ||||||
| 85 | Conference Proceedings | Angelone, M. | 2009 | Neutron Detection: Principles, Methods, Issues (and Tips) (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Neutron Detection: Principles, Methods, Issues (and Tips) (PowerPoint slides) | neutron | In this paper a very brief review of the main physical laws and basic detection principles for neutrons are addressed. The main issues to be faced when measuring pulsed 'neutron emission', as claimed in most experiments, are addressed too. It is not in the author's intention to investigate whether or not neutrons are actually emitted in CMNS phenomena, however, an 'ideal'; experiment that could allow to unambiguous measurement of neutrons from a CMNS type experiment will be outlined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AngeloneMneutrondet.pdf | ||||
| 86 | Conference Proceedings | Angelone, M. | 2009 | Neutron Detection: Principles, Methods, Issues (and Tips) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Neutron Detection: Principles, Methods, Issues (and Tips) | The production and detection of neutrons in the so called 'cold fusion' phenomena is claimed since the first announcement by Fleischmann and Pons in 1989. In the last twenty years the same claim has been made by other authors despite they were operating under different experimental conditions. However, most of the scientific community is yet sceptic about the actual emission of neutrons from events that in a more general statement are known as 'low energy nuclear reactions in condensed matter' (CMNS) and the methods adopted by the various authors are often subjected to several criticisms. Indeed CMNS phenomena are rather complex and relate with several different subjects so synergy among various experts is necessary. Among these subjects, neutron detections requires a particular care and expertise because the measurements are carried out with a very low signal to noise ratio. In this paper a very brief review of the main physical laws and basic detection principles for neutrons are addressed. It is not in the author's intention to investigate whether or not neutrons are actually emitted in CMNS phenomena, however, some tips that could allow to unambiguous measurement of neutrons from a CMNS type experiment will be addressed too. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=26 | |||||
| 87 | Journal Article | Anghaie, S., Froelich, P., Monkhurst, H. J. | 1990 | On fusion/fission chain reactions in the Fleischmann-Pons 'cold fusion' experiment | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | On fusion/fission chain reactions in the Fleischmann-Pons 'cold fusion' experiment | theory, fission,, fusion Li chain reaction | ||||||||
| 88 | Journal Article | Antanasijevic, R. D., Lakicevic, I., Maric, Z., Zevic, D., Zaric, A., Vigier, J. P. | 1993 | Preliminary observations on possible implications of new Bohr orbits (resulting from electromagnetic spin-spin and spin-orbit coupling) in 'cold' quantum mechanical fusion processes appearing in strong 'plasma focus' and 'capillary fusion' experiments | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 180 | Preliminary observations on possible implications of new Bohr orbits (resulting from electromagnetic spin-spin and spin-orbit coupling) in 'cold' quantum mechanical fusion processes appearing in strong 'plasma focus' and 'capillary fusion' experiments | Theory spin-spin, neutron, Pd, gas discharge electron mass | ||||||||
| 89 | Conference Proceedings | Antanasijevic, R. D., Konjevic, D. J., Maric, Z., Sevic, D. M., Vigier, J. P., Zaric, A. J. | 1995 | 'Cold Fusion' in Terms of New Quantum Chemistry: The Role of Magnetic Interactions in Dense Physica Media | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 505 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | 'Cold Fusion' in Terms of New Quantum Chemistry: The Role of Magnetic Interactions in Dense Physica Media | neutron, X-ray, plasma, gas discharge, ICCF-5 | Various recently reported 'break even' in different types of 'cold fusion' experiments have a common physical origin if one assumes that one should add, in dense states, the action of magnetic interactions of oriented nuclear spins to the usual Coulomb forces. In that case one is led to predict a) the existence of new 'tight' quantum molecular states (associated to new 'tight' Bohr orbits) which correspond to the emission of X--ray lines and excess energy b) the associated apparition of a certain amount of nuclear fusion reactions due to those magnetic interactions and enhanced tunneling by strong electron concentrations. They appear in the form of neutron (or ?) bursts and various types of 'ashes' of particular nuclear fusion reactions in electrolysis, glow discharge, capillary devices, resonance sonoluminescence and plasma discharge experiments. They both contribute to observable energy excess in amounts which vary which chosen set-ups. To explore this assumption two experiments are presented here i.e. 1) discharge experiments in plasma focus and 'capillary fusion' devices (i.e. nuclear fusion) of 10^8 neutrons/burst 2) X-ray measurements in deuterium plasma focus which confirm the existence of new Bohr orbits. New possible experiments to check it are also briefly discussed. Neutrons and X-ray detected using a plasma discharge device and capillary fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=312 | ||
| 90 | Journal Article | Antonov, V. E., Belash, I. T., Koltighin, V. M., Poniatovskii, E. G. | 1979 | Phasometric T-P Diagram of the Rh-H System up to 400 C and Pressure of 67 kbar | Doky. Akad. Sci. SSSR, Vol = 248 | Phasometric T-P Diagram of the Rh-H System up to 400 C and Pressure of 67 kbar | Rh, H, phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 91 | Journal Article | Antonov, V. E., Belash, I. T., Malyshev, V. Yu., Ponyatovsky, E. G. | 1984 | The Solubility of Hydrogen in the Platinum Metals under High Pressure | Platinum Met. Rev., Vol = 28 | The Solubility of Hydrogen in the Platinum Metals under High Pressure | Mn, Fe, Co, Mo, Tc, Re, Au, Ru, Os, Ir, Pt, Pd, H, solubility, phase diagram, structure, resistance, pressure | ||||||||
| 92 | Journal Article | Antonov, A. V., Benetskii, B. A., Ginodman, V. B., Zherikhina, L. N., Klyachko, A. V., Konobeevskii, E. S., Mordovskoi, M. V., Popov, V. I., Rozantsev, A. I., Tskhovrebov, A. M. | 1990 | An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion during the electrolysis of heavy water | Sov. Phys. Lebedev Inst. Rep. | An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion during the electrolysis of heavy water | neutron, electrolysis, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 93 | Journal Article | Antonov, V. E., Antonova, T. E., Belash, I. T., Ponyatovsky, E. G., Rashupkin, V. I. | 1993 | The Pd-Pt-H System: Phase Transformations at High Pressure and Superconductivity | Phys. Stat. Sol. A, Vol = 78 | The Pd-Pt-H System: Phase Transformations at High Pressure and Superconductivity | Pd, Pt, H, phase diagram, superconductivity, resistivity, lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 94 | Journal Article | Anufriev, G. S., Boltenkov, B. S. | 1991 | Helium isotopes and hydrogen in aluminium and other metals | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., Vol = 56, Num = 2, Page = 73 (in Russian) | Helium isotopes and hydrogen in aluminium and other metals | 3He/4He, helium, tritium Al, Ag, Ni, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 95 | Conference Proceedings | Aoki, T., Kurata, Y., Ebihara, H. | 1993 | Study of Concentrations of Helium and Tritium in Electrolytic Cells with Excess Heat Generations | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 23 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Study of Concentrations of Helium and Tritium in Electrolytic Cells with Excess Heat Generations | heat+, tritium, helium, Pd, D2O, current density, gamma emission, neutron, ICCF-4, electrolysis, negative | Concentrations of helium and tritium in gas and liquid phases in calorimetric cells with excess heat generations were measured. Values of factor F (nuclear ash) defined as ratio of amount of heat released by particular nuclear reactions to the excess heat, were calculated to be F(He in gas phase) ~ (4?16) x 10^-3 and F(T in liquid phase) ~ (8?6) x 10^-10, and upper limit of F(T in gas phase) ~ 1 x10^-6. These extremely small values suggested either that (1) the nuclear reactions might occur in deep inside of the Pd cathode, or (2) the major amount of the detected excess heat could not match with the heat expected from the nuclear reactions if the reactions occurred on the surface of Pd cathodes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AokiTstudyofcon.pdf | |||
| 96 | Conference Proceedings | Aoki, T., Kurata, Y., Ebihara, H., Yoshikawa, N. | 1996 | Search for neutrons emitted from sodium tungsten bronzes | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 291 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Search for neutrons emitted from sodium tungsten bronzes No neutrons were detected. | neutron, W-bronze, NaWO3, ICCF-6 | An experiment on the neutron emission from the single crystals of the sodium tungsten bronze (Na x WO3, x=0.9) was started to check the reproducibility. After applying the cathodic treatment to the crystals in a heating chamber, the neutron emission had been expected in the instants of pressurizing and depressurizing the deuterium gas. However, the weighted mean values of the measured neutron counting rates at these moments were in agreement with those of the background rates. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=306 | |||
| 97 | Journal Article | Aoki, T., Kurata, Y., Ebihara, H., Yoshikawa, N. | 1998 | Search for nuclear products of the D + D nuclear fusion | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 6, Num = 1, Page = 22 | Search for nuclear products of the D + D nuclear fusion | Pd, tungsten bronze, electrolysis, D2, heat, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, helium, NaWO3, negative | Nuclear products which were caused by the D + D nuclear fusion reaction were searched in electrolytic cells and in gas phase of Pd + D systems. Measurements of nuclear products were made for gamma-ray, neutron, tritium and helium. To detect neutron, liquid scintillation and 3He counters were used. For gamma-ray measurement, a NaI detector was used. For tritium concentration measurement in gas phase, a gas proportional chamber was fabricated and operated in low background level. The signals of those detectors were fed to Pulse Height Analyzer and recorded as energy spectra which were carefully compared with background spectra. A different type of neutron hunting was also tried in the instants of pressurizing and depressurizing the deuterium gas in crystal. A large size crystal of tungsten bronze was prepared for the experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AokiTsearchforna.pdf | ||||||
| 98 | Journal Article | Aoyama, T., Mori, C., Uritani, A., Matsui, T., Naito, K. | 1991 | Highly reliable low-level neutron detection using 3He proportional counters | Radioisot., Vol = 40 | Highly reliable low-level neutron detection using 3He proportional counters | neutron, electrolysis, method | ||||||||
| 99 | Journal Article | Apak, R. | 1989 | Conformism in chemistry and the results | Kim. Sanayi, Vol = 31 | Conformism in chemistry and the results | history | ||||||||
| 100 | Conference Proceedings | Apicella, M., Branover, H., Castagna, E., Dardik, I., El-Boher, A., Lesin, S., Mazzitelli, G., McKubre, M. C. H., Sarto, F., Sibilia, C., Santoro, E., Tanzella, F. L., Violante, V., Zilov, T. | 2005 | Reproducibility of Excess of Power and Evidence of 4He in Palladium Foils Loaded with Deuterium (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Reproducibility of Excess of Power and Evidence of 4He in Palladium Foils Loaded with Deuterium (PowerPoint slides) | heat, helium | This presentation was given at the March APS meeting in Los Angeles, CA, March 24, 2005. Published by www.newenergytimes.com. Topics covered include: Material Science & Excess of Power Reproducibility, Surface Electronic Excitations with Lasers Trigger, Excess Power Reproducibility, Experimental Results | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ApicellaMreproducib.pdf | |||||
| 101 | Conference Proceedings | Apicella, M., Castagna, E., Capobianco, L., D'Aulerio, L., Mazzitelli, G., Sarto, F., Rosada, A., Santoro, E., Violante, V., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Sibilia, C. | 2005 | Some recent results at ENEA | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Some recent results at ENEA | Excess heat | Recent research activity at ENEA, in the field of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, has been oriented to material science and Laser triggering in order to increase the reproducibility of excess of power production during loading of palladium with deuterium. Isoperibolic calorimetry in gas phase, isoperibolic and flow calorimetry with electrochemical systems have been carried out. Nuclear ashes detection was done by means of high resolution and high sensitivity mass spectrometer. Material science studies allowed to obtain a palladium showing high solubility for hydrogen isotopes and giving deuterium concentration at equilibrium larger than 0.95 (as D/Pd atomic fraction) with a reproducibility larger than 90%. Excess of power production by using the above-mentioned material achieves a reproducibility up to 30% without triggering. Laser irradiation with a proper polarization seems to have a significant role in further increasing of the excess of power production reproducibility. Heat bursts exhibit an integrated energy at least 10 times greater than the sum of all possible chemical reactions within a closed cell. The energy gain calculated at the end of the experiments is observed with deuterium but not with hydrogen. Preliminary measurements give a 4He signal in reasonable agreement with the expected values by assuming a D + D = 4He + heat (24 MeV for event) reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ApicellaMsomerecent.pdf | ||||
| 102 | Conference Proceedings | Apicella, M., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F., Violante, V. | 2009 | Mass spectrometry: critical aspects related to the particles detection in the Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Mass spectrometry: critical aspects related to the particles detection in the Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (PowerPoint slides) | mass spectrometer, method | SUMMARY * Mass spectrometry - potentiality of the technique - details on the measurement * Critical aspects and experimental requirements for: - mass spectrometer - measurment apparatus * Experimental set up at ENEA and some results | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ApicellaMmassspectr.pdf | ||||
| 103 | Conference Proceedings | Apicella, M., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F., Violante, V. | 2009 | Mass Spectrometry: Critical Aspects of Particles Detection related to Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Mass Spectrometry: Critical Aspects of Particles Detection related to Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | The detection of transmutations in Fleischmann and Pons experiments is a critical issue in order to assess the nuclear origin of the excess heat production. A very accurate study in this field has been carried out in ENEA, aimed to investigate the possible occurrence of nuclear transmutation in nickel hydride thin films. The research work, which took several years and involved an international collaboration between many research laboratories, came to the conclusion that the experiments didn? produce any evidence of transmutation experiments, pointing out the importance of using state of the art instrumentation in performing such a kind of study. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=44 | |||||
| 104 | Journal Article | Apostol, M., Dorobantu, I. A. | 1989 | On a competition between solid state and nuclear scale energies. A possible theoretical approach to cold fusion in palladium and other transitional elements | Rev. Roum. Phys., Vol = 34 | On a competition between solid state and nuclear scale energies. A possible theoretical approach to cold fusion in palladium and other transitional elements | Theory | ||||||||
| 105 | Conference Proceedings | Appleby, A. J., Srinivasan, S., Kim, Y. J., Murphy, O. J., Martin, C. R. | 1989 | Evidence for Excess Heat Generation Rates During Electrolysis of D2O in LiOD Using a Palladium Cathode-A Microcalorimetric Study | Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena | Santa Fe, NM | May 23, 1989 | Evidence for Excess Heat Generation Rates During Electrolysis of D2O in LiOD Using a Palladium Cathode-A Microcalorimetric Study | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||
| 106 | Conference Proceedings | Appleby, A. J., Kim, Y. J., Murphy, O. J., Srinivasan, S. | 1990 | Anomalous Calorimetric Results During Long-Term Evolution of Deuterium on Palladium from Alkaline Deuteroxide Electrolyte | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 32 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Anomalous Calorimetric Results During Long-Term Evolution of Deuterium on Palladium from Alkaline Deuteroxide Electrolyte | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis surface effect H2O Li6 Na current density helium ICCF-1 | Convincing evidence of anomalous thermal fluxes from palladium cathodes in LiOD solutions is provided. When combined with other evidence for tritium formation, these argue for the existence of solid state nuclear processes in this system. Compared with previous work, effects are only seen at a relatively low level, and they appear to decrease with decreasing electrode surface/volume ratio. They are also observed in a sealed cell with internal gas recombination, which requires no thermodynamic corrections. The effect of lithium ion is seen to be specific, and the effect seems to involve only the palladium surface layers. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ApplebyAJanomalousc.pdf | ||
| 107 | Journal Article | Arachi, Y., Emura, S., Omura, A., Nunogaki, M., Asai, T., Yamaura, S., Inoue, A., Arata, Y. | 2006 | Structural analysis of nano-sized-Pd/ZrO2 composit after H(D) absorption | Solid State Ionics, Vol = 177 | Structural analysis of nano-sized-Pd/ZrO2 composit after H(D) absorption | Hydrogen absorption XAFS Nano-sized composite | ||||||||
| 108 | Conference Proceedings | Arapi, A., Ito, R., Sato, N., Itagaki, M., Narita, S., Yamada, H. | 2002 | Experimental observation of the new elements production in the deuterated and/or hydride palladium electrodes, exposed to low energy DC glow discharge | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Experimental observation of the new elements production in the deuterated and/or hydride palladium electrodes, exposed to low energy DC glow discharge 3983 | glow diacharge, D2, H2, transmutation, Ba, Ni, Li, Be, ICCF-9 | Elemental and isotopic structures of the palladium cathode before and after experiment under DC glow discharge were investigated by time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Production of new elements with various atomic masses and impurities increase were surveyed. By analyzing obtained results, it was found that beryllium and nickel for deuterium-palladium system, and lithium, nickel and barium for hydrogen-palladium system, were generated during glow discharge experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArapiAexperiment.pdf | |||
| 109 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1989 | Achievement of intense 'cold fusion' reaction | Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, Vol = 62 | Achievement of intense 'cold fusion' reaction | on-off effect, electrolysis, Pd, neutron, heat | ||||||||
| 110 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1990 | Achievement of an intense cold fusion reaction | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Achievement of an intense cold fusion reaction | theory, method, Pd, electrolysis, neutron, hardness heat+ | ||||||||
| 111 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1990 | Achievement of intense 'cold' fusion reaction | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 66 | Achievement of intense 'cold' fusion reaction | Pd, electrolysis, pressure, heat+, neutron+, D2O, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 112 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1990 | Corroborating evidence for 'cold' fusion reaction | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 66(B) | Corroborating evidence for 'cold' fusion reaction | on-off effect, electrolysis, Pd, neutron, Pd-Ni, layer | ||||||||
| 113 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1992 | 'Cold' Fusion in a Complex Cathode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 441 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | 'Cold' Fusion in a Complex Cathode | Pd, Ni, D2, layer, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, H2O ICCF-3 | A new cathode was developed, consisting of a nickel ride with a palladium layer applied by plasma spraying, the palladium layer activates the surface functions of the deuteride it cathode. High reproducibility of a 'cold' fusion reaction is confirmed by using this cathode. A layer of Pd was plasma sprayed on Ni. Neutrons were continuously emitted when the cathode was electrolyzed in D2O but not in H2O. Two independent detectors were used. See also: Fusion Technol. 22 (1992) 287 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=180 | ||
| 114 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1992 | Reproducible 'Cold' Fusion Reaction Using A Complex Cathode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Reproducible 'Cold' Fusion Reaction Using A Complex Cathode | Pd, D2O, neutron, energy | ||||||||
| 115 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1992 | 'Cold' fusion caused by a weak 'on-off effect' | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 66 | 'Cold' fusion caused by a weak 'on-off effect' | on-off effect, electrolysis, Pd, neutron, theory | ||||||||
| 116 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1992 | 'Cold' fusion in deuterated complex cathode | Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, Vol = 67, Num = (5), Page = 432 (in Japanese) | 'Cold' fusion in deuterated complex cathode | Ni, Pd, electrolysis, heat, layer, D2O, neutron H2O | ||||||||
| 117 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1993 | Excess heat in a double structure deuterated cathode | Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, Vol = 69, Num = (8), Page = 963 (in Japanese) | Excess heat in a double structure deuterated cathode | complex cathode, Pd, electrolysis, heat+, pressure, Pd-black | ||||||||
| 118 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1994 | A new energy generated in DS-cathode with 'Pd-black' | Koon Gakkaishi, Vol = 20, Num = 4, Page = 148 (in Japanese) | A new energy generated in DS-cathode with 'Pd-black' | Pd-black heat+ particle | It was verified that a new kind of energy is caused by 'Spillover-Deuterium' generated in a double structure (DS)-cathode with 'Pd-black'. Using this cathode, the authors confirmed the sustained production of a significantly abnormal amount of energy over a period of several months that could not be ascribed to chemical reaction energy. The chemical reaction energy of 0.1 [mol] Pd-black used is only 4[kJ], but more than 200[MJ] of excess energy was continuously produced for over 3000 [hr] at an average rate of 50-100 [kJ/hr] using a DS-cathode with a same quantity of Pd-black. Intermittent operation over a period of two years using this structure proved the complete reproducibility of these results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYanewenergy.pdf | ||||||
| 119 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1994 | A new energy caused by 'Spillover-deuterium' | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 70 ser. B | A new energy caused by 'Spillover-deuterium' | Pd-black, D2 surface analysis, heat+, structure | ||||||||
| 120 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1995 | Excess Heat and Mechanism in Cold Fusion Reaction | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 483 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Excess Heat and Mechanism in Cold Fusion Reaction | theory heat+ ICCF-5 particle lattice quake | The authors have proposed a new 'Model' which can reasonably explain the existence of Cold Fusion Reaction and also verify the generation of tremendous excess energy in the DS-cathode, which is fifty thousand times higher than chemical reaction energy. The new model is named ?atticequake Model?. Cold fusion is caused by high energy deuterium similar to ?ot? fusion. Proposes that the smaller the Pd particle, the higher the D/Pd for the same D2 pressure. Describes the 'Latticequake' theory. Made up to 80 KJ/hr (22 watts) and over 100 MJ for up to 3500 hr. Used pressurized palladium-black to produce heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=290 | ||
| 121 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1995 | Achievement of solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | Koon Gakkaishi, Vol = 21, Num = (6), Page = 303 (in Japanese) | Achievement of solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | Pd D2O, Helium, heat+, Pd-black | ||||||||
| 122 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1995 | Peculiar relation between hot plasma fusion and solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | Koon Gakkaishi, Vol = 21 | Peculiar relation between hot plasma fusion and solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | theory, heat+, Pd-black, D2O electrolysis | ||||||||
| 123 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1995 | Cold fusion caused by 'lattice quake' | Koon Gakkaishi, Vol = 21 | Cold fusion caused by 'lattice quake' | theory Pd-black D2O electrolysis, heat+ | ||||||||
| 124 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1995 | Cold fusion reactions driven by 'Latticequake' | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 71 | Cold fusion reactions driven by 'Latticequake' | theory | ||||||||
| 125 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1996 | Achievement of Solid-State Plasma Fusion ('Cold Fusion') | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 129 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Achievement of Solid-State Plasma Fusion ('Cold Fusion') | Pd-black, D2, heat+, helium ICCF-6 particle | In a series of studies, a significantly large amount of helium (^4He/D, = (1-0.2)~10^-2, D2: 'fuel' He: 'sh') was clearly detected with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) as the deuterium nuclear reaction product (?sh?) released from the highly deuterated palladium host-solid (Pd-black = 0.04 [mu]: distributed 0.02 - 0.06 [mu) that had produced large amounts of anomalous excess energy (200 - 500 [MJ/cm^3) through long period such as 5000 [hrs], when it was heated in a high vacuum (~10^4 [torr]), high temperature (3000 [deg C]). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=144 | ||
| 126 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1996 | Generation and mechanism of solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | Koon Gakkaishi, Vol = 22, Num = 1, Page = 29 (Japanese) | Generation and mechanism of solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | theory | ||||||||
| 127 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1996 | Deuterium nuclear reaction process within solid | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 72 Ser. B | Deuterium nuclear reaction process within solid | Theory, helium | ||||||||
| 128 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, C. | 1997 | Presence of helium (4/2He, 3/2He) confirmed in highly deuterated Pd-black by the new detecting methodology | J. High Temp. Soc., Vol = 23 | Presence of helium (4/2He, 3/2He) confirmed in highly deuterated Pd-black by the new detecting methodology | Helium method, D2O | ||||||||
| 129 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1997 | Solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | J. High Temp. Soc., Vol = 23 (special volume) | Solid-state plasma fusion ('cold fusion') | theory, helium heat+,, lattice quake, D2O, Pd-black, 4He | ||||||||
| 130 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, C. | 1997 | Presence of helium (4/2He, 3/2He) confirmed in deuterated Pd-black by the 'vi-effect' in a 'closed QMS' environment | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 73 | Presence of helium (4/2He, 3/2He) confirmed in deuterated Pd-black by the 'vi-effect' in a 'closed QMS' environment | electrolysis, Helium D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 131 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1997 | Helium (4He, 3He) within deuterated Pd-black | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 73 | Helium (4He, 3He) within deuterated Pd-black | helium heat+, Pd-black | ||||||||
| 132 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1998 | Anomalous difference between reaction energies generated within D2O-cell and H2O-cell | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, Vol = 37 | Anomalous difference between reaction energies generated within D2O-cell and H2O-cell | electrolysis, heat+ D2O, H2O | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: Both D2O-cell and H2O-cell are constructed with the same Double Structure Cathode (DS-cathode), and connected in series as a 'Double-cell' to examine the energy generation under the same electrolytic current. D2O-cell generates tremendously excess energy during a long. Such as over several thousand hours, but any energy is never generated in H2O-cell when the chemical energy is subtracted in both cells. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYanomalousd.pdf | ||||||
| 133 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1998 | Anomalous 'deuterium-reaction energies' within solid | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 74 B | Anomalous 'deuterium-reaction energies' within solid | electrolysis Pd, Pd-black, heat+, D2O, H2O | Both D2O-cell and H2O-cell are constructed with the same Double Structure Cathode (DS-cathode) and connected in series as a 'Double-cell' to examine the energy generation under the same electrolytic current. D20-cell generates tremendously excess energy during a long period such as over several thousand hours, but any energy is never generated in H2O-cell when the chemical energy is subtracted in both cells. Furthermore, 'Mixed-cell' blended with D2O and H2O electrolytes (D2O /H2O=2 in weight) also generates an excess energy, but with the considerably different characteristics from D2O-cell. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYanomalousda.pdf | ||||||
| 134 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1999 | Observation of Anomalous Heat Release and Helium-4 Production from Highly Deuterated Fine Particles | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, Vol = 38 | Observation of Anomalous Heat Release and Helium-4 Production from Highly Deuterated Fine Particles | electrolysis, heat+ D2O, H2O | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: Observations were made of the anomalous production of 4He atoms as well as the anomalous heat release when Pd fine particles are highly deuterated inside an enclosed Pd metal vessel used as a cathode in electrolysis of D2O. A mass analysis of the remnant Pd powders after the 2000-hr heat production revealed substantial production of 4He atoms. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYobservatio.pdf | ||||||
| 135 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1999 | Anomalous production of gaseous 4He at the inside of 'DS cathode' during D2O-electrolysis | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 75 | Anomalous production of gaseous 4He at the inside of 'DS cathode' during D2O-electrolysis | electrolysis, helium Pd-black, D2O | Abstract: Observations were made of the abundant production of gaseous 4He inside a double-structure Pd cathode ('DS-cathode') which continuously had released excess heat of about 5~ 10 W over 2,000 hrs in the electrolysis of D2O. These 4He atoms were found from the inner atmosphere within the DS-cath?de included the highly deuterated Pd fine powders. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYanomalousp.pdf | ||||||
| 136 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1999 | Definitive difference between [DS-D2O] and [Bulk-D2O] cells in 'deuterium-reaction' | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 75 Ser. B | Definitive difference between [DS-D2O] and [Bulk-D2O] cells in 'deuterium-reaction' | electrolysis, heat+, Helium, D2O | ||||||||
| 137 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 1999 | Critical condition to induce 'excess energy' within [DS-H2O] cell | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 75 Ser. B | Critical condition to induce 'excess energy' within [DS-H2O] cell | electrolysis, heat+, Helium D2O | ||||||||
| 138 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 2000 | Sono Implantation of Hydrogen and Deuterium from Water into Metallic Fine Powders | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 293 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Sono Implantation of Hydrogen and Deuterium from Water into Metallic Fine Powders | cavitation , powder, Ti, Fe, Pd, Ag, Ta, Pt, Au, loading, method. ICCF-8 | ||||
| 139 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 2000 | Definite Difference amoung [DS-D2O], [DS-H2O] and [Bulk-D2O] Cells in the Deuterization and Deuterium-reaction | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 11 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Definite Difference amoung [DS-D2O], [DS-H2O] and [Bulk-D2O] Cells in the Deuterization and Deuterium-reaction | heat+ Pd-black D2, H2, Helium ICCF-8 particle | ||||
| 140 | Journal Article | Arata, Y. | 2000 | Developmental challenge in new energy source. 'Solid state plasma fusion'' | Kotai Butsuri, Vol = 35, Num = 1, Page = 67 [in Japanese] | Developmental challenge in new energy source. 'Solid state plasma fusion'' | Review Ed: The author has demonstrated that highly deuterated material can be generated by the two different methods discussed here. In consequence, we have proven the possibility of inducing solid-state plasma fusion within extremely deuterated materials over 100at.% in spite oof different methods'. This is as given in Chem. Abstr. The paper is uncompromisingly in Japanese, even the abstract being in that language. I note the occasional English word like 'Pons', 'back', 'Fleischmann' (several times), 'Latticequake' (many times; Arata's theory), 'sonoluminescence' (several times), 'impossible'; and the references are in English. | ||||||||
| 141 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 2002 | Picnonuclear fusion generated in 'lattice-reactor' of metallic deuterium lattice within metal atom-clusters | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Picnonuclear fusion generated in 'lattice-reactor' of metallic deuterium lattice within metal atom-clusters 3984 | gas loading, sonofusion, heat, D2, He, nanoparticle, loading, ICCF-9 | |||||
| 142 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. C. | 2002 | Formation of Condensed Metallic Deuterium Lattice and Nuclear Fusion | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 78, Num = Ser. B, Page = 57 | Formation of Condensed Metallic Deuterium Lattice and Nuclear Fusion | PdD D2 Pd structure particle composition ZrO2 | Abstract: It was confirmed that nanometer-sized metal powder (atom clusters or simply clusters) can absorb an extremely large amount of deuterium/hydrogen atoms more than 300% against the number density of host metal. Within such clusters, the bonding potential widely changes from the center region to peripheral ones, so that the zig-zag atom-chains are always formed dynamically around the average position of atoms and the degree of filling up of the constituent atoms for the fcc type metal reduces to about 0.64 from 0.74 in bulk metal, i.e., vacant space increases to 0.36 from 0.26. As a result, a large amount of deuterium/hydrogen atoms are instantly dissolved into such host-clusters at room temperature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYformationo.pdf | ||||||
| 143 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. | 2003 | Development of Compact Nuclear Fusion Reactor Using Solid Pycnodeuterium as Nuclear Fuel | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Development of Compact Nuclear Fusion Reactor Using Solid Pycnodeuterium as Nuclear Fuel | Palladium Black, pressure | Based on the functioning of Pd black inside a DS-Cathode, which has produced irrefutable evidence for the existence of solid nuclear fusion, new materials were developed to absorb abundant D/H atoms, up to levels as high as 300% of Pd number. These absorbed atoms were solidified densely inside each unit cell of the host lattice as solid-state 'Pycnodeuterium' or 'Pycnohydrogen.' Stimulation energy with Pycnodeuterium easily caused intense solid-state nuclear fusion, whereas with Pycnohydrogen no reaction occurred. As the result, it was clarified that Pycnodeuterium is by far the best nuclear fuel compared to all other nuclear fuels. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYdevelopmena.pdf | |||
| 144 | Journal Article | Arata, Y. | 2004 | The Formation Of 'Solid Deuterium'' Solidified Inside Crystal Lattice And Intense Solid-State Nuclear Fusion ('Cold Fusion'') | Il Nuovo Saggiatore | The Formation Of 'Solid Deuterium'' Solidified Inside Crystal Lattice And Intense Solid-State Nuclear Fusion ('Cold Fusion'') | nano-particles | ||||||||
| 145 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y. | 2005 | Development of 'DS-Reactor' as the practical reactor of 'Cold Fusion' based on the 'DS-Cell' with 'DS-Cathode' | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Development of 'DS-Reactor' as the practical reactor of 'Cold Fusion' based on the 'DS-Cell' with 'DS-Cathode' | heat | Lecture slides describing a gas-loaded version of Arata(TM) double-structured cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYdevelopmenb.pdf | ||||
| 146 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. | 2008 | Establishment of the 'Solid Fusion' Reactor | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Establishment of the 'Solid Fusion' Reactor | nano-particles, excess heat | |||||||
| 147 | Journal Article | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y. | 2008 | The Establishment of Solid Nuclear Fusion Reactor | J. High Temp. Soc., Vol = 34, Num = 2, Page = 85 | The Establishment of Solid Nuclear Fusion Reactor | Excess heat | ||||||||
| 148 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, X. | 2009 | Production of Helium and Energy in the 'Solid Fusion' (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Production of Helium and Energy in the 'Solid Fusion' (PowerPoint slides) | heat, helium | Conclusion: (1) Either excess energy or helium of the ZrNiPd powder is always about ten times higher than that of the ZrPd powder. (2) By using the weight 16 [g] of the ZrNiPd powder, the excess power 4 [watt] lasted stably for one hour, only less than one gram palladium was consumed. Its cost is lower than the ZrPd powder. We choose the ZrNiPd powder as a good material for the solid fusion. (3) The concentration of helium was very successful. These results indicate that the reacted gas of 'solid nuclear fusion' can serve as a source of helium production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ArataYproduction.pdf | ||||
| 149 | Conference Proceedings | Arata, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, X. F. | 2009 | Production of Helium and Energy in the 'Solid Fusion' | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Production of Helium and Energy in the 'Solid Fusion' | In this paper, a new type 'Solid Fusion' Reactor has been developed to test the existence of solid state nuclear fusion (?olid Fusion?): reproducible experiments have been made at room temperature and without external power input. (Both of the energy and helium generation affected by the reactor structure, gas flow rate, powder weight, and cooling condition were studied.) Deuterium gas loading processes of two types of nano material (ZrO2Pd35 and ZrO2Ni30Pd5) were studied respectively in this paper. The results showed the energy produced in ZrNiPd powder is higher than in ZrPd powder. Helium as an important evidence of solid-state fusion was detected by mass analyzer 'EMS'. As results, ?olid Fusion? has been confirmed by the helium existence. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=116 | |||||
| 150 | Journal Article | Arista, N. R., Gras-Marti, A., Baragiola, R. A. | 1989 | Screening effects in nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes in dense media | Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol = 40 | Screening effects in nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes in dense media | Theory screening | ||||||||
| 151 | Journal Article | Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A. | 1985 | The Decrease of Lattice Parameter of Thin Films Caused by Cathodic Charging of Hydrogen | Scr. Metall., Vol = 19 | The Decrease of Lattice Parameter of Thin Films Caused by Cathodic Charging of Hydrogen | lattice Parameter, H2, Ti | The phenomena that take place when some b.c.c, metals are cathodically charged with hydrogen are being studied by x-ray diffraction, and some preliminary results and a plausible explanation have been reported (i). Briefly, the lattice parmeter calculated from Bragg peaks obtained from diffraction by metal near the surface of the sheet opposite the charging surface increases at a rate that is extremely low in view of the known diffusivity of hydrogen in the metal. In addition, different Bragg reflections lead to different values of lattice parameters and to different time dependencies; also, grain rotation occurs. The suggested mechanism for these phenomena involves large amounts of plastic deformation caused by stress generation caused by hydrogen concentration gradients. We report here an additional phenomenon that occurs in thin metal films sputtered upon a much thicker metal substrata when the latter is cathodically charged with hydrogen. A provisional explanation is offered. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Armacanquithedecreas.pdf | ||||||
| 152 | Journal Article | Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A. | 1985 | Anomalies Accompanying the Cathodic Charging of Some bcc Metals | Corrosion, Vol = 41 | Anomalies Accompanying the Cathodic Charging of Some bcc Metals | H2, lattice Parameter, loading, Ti | ||||||||
| 153 | Journal Article | Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A. | 1987 | Plastic Deformation in B.C.C. Alloys Induced by Hydrogen Concentration Gradients | Mater. Sci. and Eng., Vol = 91 | Plastic Deformation in B.C.C. Alloys Induced by Hydrogen Concentration Gradients | H, dislocation, Ti-Mo, crack, lattice parameter, Ti | Electrolytic charging of hydrogen in to one side of polycrystalline b.c.c. Ti-30Mo plates (where the composition is given in approximate weight per cent) is found to generate dislocations at which the hydrogen atoms are trapped during their diffusion across the metal thickness. The defect generation is a result of stresses arising from the hydrogen concentration gradient at the entry surface. The generation of dislocations occurs on initiating the charging and persists thereafter with emission of dislocations towards the far side of the plate. As a consequence, slip lines and subgrains are formed at the entry and far sides. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Armacanquiplasticdef.pdf | ||||||
| 154 | Journal Article | Armacanqui, M. E., Oriani, R. A. | 1987 | Lattice Expansion and Contraction in Sputtered Metal Films due to Hydrogen Charging | Mater. Sci. and Eng., Vol = 92 | Lattice Expansion and Contraction in Sputtered Metal Films due to Hydrogen Charging | lattice Parameter, H2, Ti | Hydrogen charging of Ti-3OMo plates (where the composition is in approximate weight per cent) sputtered with thin films of iron, tantalum or titanium results in an increase or decrease in the film lattice parameter, depending on the circumstances. Films thinner than 200 nm show continuous decreases in lattice parameter during charging, whereas relatively thick films show positive changes in the lattice parameter. The decrease in the lattice parameter of the film metal is a consequence of fine-scale plastic deformation caused by the hydrogen charging. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Armacanquilatticeexp.pdf | ||||||
| 155 | Journal Article | Armbraster, M. | 1943 | The Solubility of Hydrogen at Low Pressure in Iron, Nickel and Certain Steels at 400 to 600? | J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol = 65, Num = 6, Page = 1043-1054 | The Solubility of Hydrogen at Low Pressure in Iron, Nickel and Certain Steels at 400 to 600? | |||||||||
| 156 | Journal Article | Armstrong, R. D. | 1989 | Editorial:The Cold Fusion Debate | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34 | Editorial:The Cold Fusion Debate | history, critique | ||||||||
| 157 | Journal Article | Armstrong, R. D., Charles, E. A., Fells, I., Molyneux, L., Todd, M. | 1989 | Some aspects of thermal energy generation during the electrolysis of D2O using a palladium cathode | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34 | Some aspects of thermal energy generation during the electrolysis of D2O using a palladium cathode | heat, electrolysis, Pd D2O method | ||||||||
| 158 | Journal Article | Armstrong, R. D., Charles, E. A., Fells, I., Molyneux, L., Todd, M. | 1989 | A long-term calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O using palladium cube cathodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 272 | A long-term calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O using palladium cube cathodes | electrolysis Pd, heat-, review, D2O | ||||||||
| 159 | Journal Article | Arnikar, H. J. | 1990 | 'Cold fusion' - a misnomer | Indian J. Chem. Sci., Vol = 4 | 'Cold fusion' - a misnomer | Polemic, review, theory | ||||||||
| 160 | Journal Article | Arnold, W. R., Phillips, J. A., Sawyer, G. A., Stovall, E. J., Tuck, J. L. | 1954 | Cross Sections for the Reactions D-T, D-He ,T-He, He-He below 120 kev | Phys. Rev., Vol = 93 | Cross Sections for the Reactions D-T, D-He ,T-He, He-He below 120 kev | fusion cross Section tritium D2, Helium, branching ratio | ||||||||
| 161 | Journal Article | Arnoult, W., McLellan, R. B. | 1972 | The Solubility of Carbon in Rhodium, Ruthenium, Iridium and Rhenium | Scr. Metall., Vol = 6 | The Solubility of Carbon in Rhodium, Ruthenium, Iridium and Rhenium | C, Rh, Ru, Ir, Rh, Pd, solubility | ||||||||
| 162 | Journal Article | Arzhannikov, A. V., Kezerashvili, G. Ya | 1991 | First observation of neutron emission from chemical reactions | Phys. Lett., Vol = A156 | First observation of neutron emission from chemical reactions | LiD, fractofusion, neutron chemical reaction | ||||||||
| 163 | Journal Article | Asami, N., Matsui, K. | 1994 | Research and development for new hydrogen energy | Mater. Adv. Energy Systems & Fission and Fusion Eng., Vol = 7 | Research and development for new hydrogen energy | NHE | ||||||||
| 164 | Conference Proceedings | Asami, N., Matsui, K., Hasegawa, F. | 1995 | Present Status and the Perspective of New Hydrogen Energy Project | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 87 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Present Status and the Perspective of New Hydrogen Energy Project | review, NHE ICCF-5 | A research and development project, named as 'New Hydrogen Energy', has started in Japan in November, 1993, to confirm the excess heat generation during electrolysis with Pd-LiOD system as the first priority objective. The project has been supported by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) and major industries in Japan, and new laboratory was established in Sapporo. Present status and the perspectives of the project will be reported together with main technical results. Two types of electrolysis cells, namely, open type cell system from IMRA- Europe, Inc. and the fuel cell type cell systems from IMRA- Japan, Inc. , were installed in NHE Sapporo laboratory and the experiments have started from February 1994 to demonstrate the NHE-phenomena. Correlationships among maximum attainable DlPd ratio, deuterium absorption and desorption and the characteristics of various palladium sources and treatments have been studied and analysed based on the resultsof the material observations and instrumentational analysis such as O/M , SEM , XRD, AES , SIMS and EPMA. The laboratory will be reinforced by introducing of mass flow calorimetry systems, and reaction products detection systems towards an interim review scheduled in late 1995. This R&D program has been conducted under the consignment of New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization(NEDO). Organizational details of the cold fusion work in Japan are given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=103 | ||
| 165 | Conference Proceedings | Asami, N., Senjuh, T., Kamimura, H., Sumi, M., Kennel, E., Sakai, T., Mori, K., Watanabe, H., Matsui, K. | 1996 | Material behaviour of highly deuterium loaded palladium by electrolysis | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 67 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Material behaviour of highly deuterium loaded palladium by electrolysis | materials, loading | Studies on several kinds of palladium cathodes have been conducted using electrochemical cells using LiOD/D20 electrolyte to necessary and sufficient conditions for attaining high deuterium loading. Comparative observations of microstructure and analysis of surface impurities have been carried out on palladium specimens with various pre-electrolysis treatments. Single crystal samples of Pd absorbed deuterium rather slowly, but nevertheless reached comparatively high 0.89 D/Pd loading ratio. Many fine slip band structures were observed on the surface, and several micro-cracks existed in the crystal of post electrolysis specimens. High purity (>99.99%) polycrystalline Pd samples with surface purification treatment such as annealing at 850-1000 C in ultrahigh vacuum, also showed high (0.91 in max.) loading characteristics. Thermal etching effects were observed on the surface of annealed specimens at higher temperatures and high vacuum conditions. Surface microcracks along the grain boundaries as well as blistering of the electrode surface were observed in some cases. Surface impurities analysis showed that Li atoms penetrate into the Pd cathode to a depth of several hundred to a thousand Angstroms from the surface. From these observations and analysis of various processed and treated Pd specimens, the material characteristics of Pd cathode achieving high loading ratio are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=82 | |||
| 166 | Journal Article | Asami, N., Senjuh, T., Kamimura, H., Sumi, M., Kennel, E., Sakai, T., Mori, K., Watanabe, H., Matsui, K. | 1997 | Material characteristics and behavior of highly deuterated loaded palladium by electrolysis | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Material characteristics and behavior of highly deuterated loaded palladium by electrolysis | Pd, loading, PdD, electrolysis, surface, single-crystal, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 167 | Conference Proceedings | Asami, N., Senjuh, T., Sumi, M., Kamimura, H., Miyashita, S., Matsui, K. | 1998 | Material Behaviour of Highly Deuterium Loaded Palladium | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 15 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | Material Behaviour of Highly Deuterium Loaded Palladium | loading, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, single crystal, ICCF-6, electrolysis | Abstract We have presumed that achieving high reproducibility of the anomalous effect may depend upon reproducible high loading ratios of deuterium in the Palladium. By modification of the working process, heat treatment, surface treatment, and the electrolysis conditions, the deuterium loading up to 0.9~0.96 was achieved with relatively high reproducibility. Detail features of the loading and deloading process were observed by gas chromatographic (GC) analysis and by in-situ optical micrographs during electrolysis. Crystal phase and lattice parameter changes were also measured to find any new phase by the in-situ X-ray diffraction system which was newly developed at the NHE-Lab. The phase transition of α-β during the loading and unloading process was well identified, however no new phase was observed up to a loading ratio of about 0.90. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AsamiNmaterialbe.pdf | |||
| 168 | Conference Proceedings | Asami, N., Senjuh, T., Uehara, T., Sumi, M., Kamimura, H., Miyashita, S., Matsui, K. | 2002 | Material Behavior of Highly Deuterated Palladium | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | May 19-25, 2002 | Material Behavior of Highly Deuterated Palladium | Pd, D2, PdD, loading, composition lattice parameter structure, ICCF-9 | |||||
| 169 | Journal Article | Asami, T. | 2011 | Study on the Phenomenon Reported 'Neutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas' | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Study on the Phenomenon Reported 'Neutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas' | Crystal lattice, Deuterium, Neutron generation, Octahedron cage, Tetrahedoron cage, Titanium | This paper describes the analysis and study of the neutron generation experiment performed under pressurized and/or evacuated conditions between room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature, using titanium shavings and deuterium gas packed in a cylinder. To clarify the mechanism of this phenomenon, the author has studied the experiment taking into account the characteristics of the phase equilibrium, the metal crystal construction, the theory of chemical bond and the first principle molecular orbital calculation. From the result of this study, it seems that the same phenomenon will happen in a similar experiment performed using another electron deficient metal with a suitable crystal construction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=13 | ||||||
| 170 | Journal Article | Asami, T., Sano, N. | 2012 | Study on the Phenomenon Reported 'Neutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas' (2) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Study on the Phenomenon Reported 'Neutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas' (2) | Deuterium, Neutron generation, Proposed apparatus, Tetrahedron cage, Titanium | Following the previous study of the state of deuterium atoms in the titanium crystal (J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 5 ( 2011 ) 7), in this paper, the authors have analyzed the state of the deuterium atom in a tetrahedron cage, using the first principle molecular orbital calculation. In the simulation analysis of the tetrahedron cage, it is indicated that the titanium pair causes the deuterium atom to have ligancy 2 in the cage with two hydrogen atoms. If neutron generation occurs, we can deduce from the past experimental results that it occurs after a small increase of kinetic energy of deuterium atoms. This suggests that the quantity of neutron generated may increase if we can give kinetic energy to the adsorbed deuterium atoms in the titanium crystal by another means other than a temperature rise, at a suitable temperature and pressure. The authors propose a new experimental apparatus which appears to promote and increase the neutron generation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 171 | Journal Article | Asami, T., Giorgi, G., Yamashita, K., Balanzoni, P. | 2016 | Study on the Phenomenon Reported 'Neutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas' (3) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 18 | 24 Study on the Phenomenon Reported 'Neutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas' (3) | Adsorption, Coulomb force, Desorption, Deuterium, Nuclear force, Titanium | In this paper, the authors have intended to ascertain the driving force for an adsorbed deuterium atom or a deuteron to collide in titanium crystal. Recent simulation analysis results, related to the predicted cluster or cell models of deuterium atoms adsorbed in titanium crystal, together with the related calculations by Coulomb formula and Yukawa formula were investigated. Coulomb force working between deuteron?euteron (d?) particles is compared with the nuclear force working between them. The change of the force to each of them is evaluated in accordance with the distance between them, near the surface of the atomic nucleus. Taking into account the results of previous studies, it seems that nuclear fusion will occur occasionally without adding any specified energy. We think that there is a possibility of a collision of free deuterons through the medium of a negative charge in a deuterium atom in ligancy 2. On the other hand, we think that if a suitable amount of energy, which is far smaller than that of high temperature nuclear fusion, such as the irradiation of the alternative electromagnetic wave, for example, is supplied to adsorbed deuterium atoms and desorbed deuterons in the titanium (Ti) shavings packed in the experimental cylinder under a pressurized or evacuation condition with a suitable temperature rise, then there also will be a higher probability of nuclear fusion being achieved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedq.pdf#page=29 | ||||||
| 172 | Journal Article | Asami, T. | 2018 | Study on the Phenomenon Reported ?eutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas? (4) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Study on the Phenomenon Reported ?eutron Generation at Room Temperature in a Cylinder Packed with Titanium Shavings and Pressurized Deuterium Gas? (4) | Coulomb force, Deuterium, Lorentz force, Magnetic field, Nuclear force | In a previous paper, the Coulomb and nuclear forces between deuteron?euteron (d?) particles using the Coulomb formula and the Yukawa formula were calculated and compared. The force of each of them was evaluated in accordance with the distance between them, near the surface of an atomic nucleus. As a result, it was found that there were two regions. One of them is the stronger Coulomb force region and the other is the stronger nuclear force region. At the boundary of these regions, both forces are equal to each other. It appears that if the adsorbed deuterium atom in ligancy 2 and the desorbed free deuteron are placed in a suitable magnetic field, both the electron in the adsorbed deuterium atom in ligancy 2 and the desorbed free deuteron are influenced by the magnetic lines of force. The author deemed that there might be an aperture of the energy barrier. If there is the aperture of such an energy barrier, there must be a possibility for two deuterium nuclei to collide and produce nuclear fusion without being under tremendous high temperatures. To confirm this possibility, the author has studied and evaluated the behavior of the charged particle and calculated the working force under the homogeneous and stable magnetic field. As an example, under this influence in the magnetic field, the working force, the behavior of a deuteron, a co-existing deuteron and an adsorbed deuterium atom in ligancy have been analyzed. However, the working force to the particle, the Lorentz force, is very small compared to the Coulomb force. The motion of the charged particle and the electron orbital plane in an adsorbed deuterium atom in ligancy 2 in the magnetic field is the preferable direction. To analyze the possibility of nuclear fusion at room temperature, it is thought that a more advantageous circumstance than that proposed in this paper should be prepared. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=149 | ||||||
| 173 | Conference Proceedings | Asaoka, Y., Ichiji, T., Fujita, T., Matsumura, T. | 1995 | Simultaneous Measurement Device of Heat and Neutron of Heavy Water Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 120 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Simultaneous Measurement Device of Heat and Neutron of Heavy Water Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode | Pd, D2O, heat-, electrolysis, neutron, gamma emission ICCF-5 | An experimental device of cold fusion phenomena has been developed. Feature of the device is precise calorimetry and simultaneous measurement of excess heat, neutron and gamma-ray emitted from the electrolysis cell. The deuterium loading ratio of the palladium cathode can be measured simultaneously. The galvanostatic electrolysis of heavy water with Pd cathode and Pt anode has been carried out in a closed cell with recombination catalyst. For precise excess heat measurement, the flow calorimetry method were adopted. Obtained accuracy of the calorimetry system was ?0.2W at up to 10W of applied power. The electrolysis cell was set in shielding and neutron emission was detected by an NE-213 liquid scintillation counter and a He-3 proportional detector. Gamma-ray emission was measured with the Ge(Li) semiconductor detector. Electric resistance of the palladium cathode and pressure of the gas phase in the electrolytic cell were measured simultaneously to evaluate the deuterium loading ratio. D/Pd ratio evaluated by each method has reached approximately 0.87. With these in-situ measurements of heat, neutron and gamma-ray, no remarkable cold fusion phenomena have been observed up to the present time. Closed cell with pressure monitoring. Flow calorimetry used. Both resistance and pressure change used to determine D/Pd. Max of 0.87 obtained. Power accurate ?0.2 W. No heat or radiation seen as yet. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=137 | ||
| 174 | Patent | Aspden, H. | 1993 | Refrigeration and electrical power generation | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 120 | UK GB 2283361A | Tertiary Refrigeration and electrical power generation Refrigeration and electrical power generation | thermoelectric, energy Conversion, patent | |||||||
| 175 | Journal Article | Assenbaum, H. J., Langanke, K., Rolfs, C. | 1987 | Effects of Electron Screening on Low-Energy Fusion Cross Sections | Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., Vol = 327 | Effects of Electron Screening on Low-Energy Fusion Cross Sections | theory screening, cross section | ||||||||
| 176 | Journal Article | Astakhov, I. I., Davydov, A. D., Katargin, N. V., Kazarinov, V. E., Kiseleva, I. G., Kriksunov, L. B., Kudryavtsev, D. Yu., Lebedev, I. A., Myasoedov, B. F., Shcheglov, O. P., Teplitskaya, G. L., Tsionskii, V. M. | 1991 | An attempt to detect neutron and gamma radiations in heavy water electrolysis with a palladium cathode | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 36, Num = 7, Page = 1127 | An attempt to detect neutron and gamma radiations in heavy water electrolysis with a palladium cathode | neutron gamma emission, Pd, electrolysis, Li, D2O, H2O, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 177 | Journal Article | Astakhov, I. I., Kazarinov, V. E., Reznikova, L. A., Teplitskaya, G. L. | 1994 | Diffusion of hydrogen isotopes in palladium hydride and deuteride in the presence of lithium | Russ. J. Electrochem., Vol = 30 | Diffusion of hydrogen isotopes in palladium hydride and deuteride in the presence of lithium | diffusion, PdH, PdD, Li, PdLiH | ||||||||
| 178 | Journal Article | Attas, E. M., Chambers, K. W., Dueck, W., Dutton, R., McIlwain, A. K. | 1990 | Solar flares and 'cold fusion' | Nature (London), Vol = 344 | Solar flares and 'cold fusion' | Polemic, solar flares, neutron, critique | ||||||||
| 179 | Journal Article | Augustynski, J. | 1989 | Commentaire: Pourquoi les experiences de 'fusion froide' de deuterium sont-elles si difficiles a reproduire | Chimia, Vol = 43 | Commentaire: Pourquoi les experiences de 'fusion froide' de deuterium sont-elles si difficiles a reproduire | Li, surface analysis, layer, theory, OCV | ||||||||
| 180 | Journal Article | Augustynski, J., Ulmann, M., Liu, J. | 1989 | Electrochemical measurements on palladium cathodes in LiOD/D2O solutions related to the 'cold fusion experiments' | Chimia, Vol = 43 | Electrochemical measurements on palladium cathodes in LiOD/D2O solutions related to the 'cold fusion experiments' | surface deposition, electrolysis, surface analysis, layer | ||||||||
| 181 | Journal Article | Ault, M. R. | 1990 | Cold fusion: the story behind the headlines | Radiat. Prot. Manage., Vol = 8, Num = (3), Page = 49 | Cold fusion: the story behind the headlines | review | ||||||||
| 182 | Conference Proceedings | Avino, P., Rosada, A., Santoro, E., Sarto, F., Violante, V. | 2009 | Impurity measurements by instrumental neutron activation analysis on palladium, nickel and copper thin-films (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Impurity measurements by instrumental neutron activation analysis on palladium, nickel and copper thin-films (PowerPoint slides) | mass spectrometer, contamination | AIM OF THE WORK Series of experiments analyzing the materials and substances with the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) for both choosing the purest materials and discarding the others, and checking the blanks, and investigating elements present in electrodes after the test. Preliminarily, some candidate materials to be used in the experiments were analyzed by INAA; after, electrode blanks and electrolyte solutions were analyzed, and finally, the electrodes used and the electrolyte solutions exhausted as well. Electrolysis experiments on mono- and multi-layered thin films of Pd and Ni; possibility of observation of new atomic species; some species could be produced by nuclear transmutation in condensed matter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/AvinoPimpurityme.pdf | ||||
| 183 | Journal Article | Azbel, M. Ya. | 1990 | Possibility of cold fusion | Solid State Commun., Vol = 76, Num = 2, Page = 127 | Possibility of cold fusion | review theory | ||||||||
| 184 | Journal Article | Azizi, O., El-Boher, A., He, J., Hubler, G. K., Pease, D., Isaacson, W., Violante, V., Gangopadhyay, S. | 2015 | Progress towards understanding anomalous heat effect in metal deuterides | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 565 Progress towards understanding anomalous heat effect in metal deuterides | |||||||||
| 185 | Journal Article | Azizi, O., He, J., Paterson, D., El-Boher, A., Pease, D., Hubler, G. K. | 2016 | Effect of Cathode Pretreatment and Chemical Additives on H/D Absorption into Palladium via Electrochemical Permeation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 1 Effect of Cathode Pretreatment and Chemical Additives on H/D Absorption into Palladium via Electrochemical Permeation | Absorption, Deuterium, Impedance spectroscopy, Palladium, Permeation | In this study, we applied a variety of palladium pretreatment methods, including nitric acid etching, Aqua regia etching and electrochemical oxidation/reduction to determine the effect of cathode initial condition on hydrogen absorption into palladium during the loading process. The electrochemical behavior of palladium was characterized using electrochemical permeation, electrochemical desorption, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The hydrogen diffusion coefficient in palladium membrane was obtained using the time-lag method. The lattice diffusivity of hydrogen as well as the amounts and distribution of the diffused and trapped hydrogen were analyzed using the desorption rate of hydrogen. We also investigated the effect of pyridine, a permeation promoter on hydrogen absorption in palladium membranes. Electrochemical parameters of double layer capacitance, charge transfer resistance and surface roughness were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for both treated and untreated cathodes. This study shows that the ability to load Pd with hydrogen is only mildly affected by surface pretreatment and the chemical additives, and therefore, we consider the pretreatments a second order effect regarding the ability to load. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=9 | ||||||
| 186 | Journal Article | Azumi, K., Ishiguro, S., Mizuno, T., Seo, M. | 1993 | Acoustic emission from a palladium electrode during hydrogen charging and its release in a LiOH electrolyte | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 347 | Acoustic emission from a palladium electrode during hydrogen charging and its release in a LiOH electrolyte | acoustic emission, electrolysis, fractofusion, Pd | ||||||||
| 187 | Conference Proceedings | Azzarone, D., Fontana, F., Garbelli, D. | 2000 | Hydrogen/Deuterium Loading in Thin Palladium Wires | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 199 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Hydrogen/Deuterium Loading in Thin Palladium Wires | Pd, loading, D2O, electrolysis, method. ICCF-8 | ||||
| 188 | Journal Article | Babu, K. S. C., Lalla, N. P., Pandey, R. N., Tiwari, R. S., Srivastava, O. N. | 1990 | On the formation of palladium deuteride and its relationship to suspected cold fusion | Adv. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 8 Hydrogen Energy Prog. VIII, Vol. 2) | On the formation of palladium deuteride and its relationship to suspected cold fusion | electrolysis, D2O H2O, p-d fusion, heat+ Pd | ||||||||
| 189 | Report | Bacchi, S. | 2011 | Coletanea de artigos sobre o aparelho de fusao a frio Rossi | Adv. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 8 Hydrogen Energy Prog. VIII, Vol. 2) | LENR-CANR.org | Coletanea de artigos sobre o aparelho de fusao a frio Rossi | Review | Some articles and papers about the Rossi device translated into Portuguese. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BacchiScoletanead.pdf | |||||
| 190 | Journal Article | Badurek, G., Rauch, H., Seidl, E. | 1989 | Search for cold fusion in palladium-deuterium and titanium-deuterium | Kerntechnik, Vol = 54 | Search for cold fusion in palladium-deuterium and titanium-deuterium | neutron, gamma emission, titanium, D2 | ||||||||
| 191 | Journal Article | Bae, Y. K., Lorents, D. D., Young, S. E. | 1991 | Experimental confirmation of cluster-impact fusion | Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol = 44 | Experimental confirmation of cluster-impact fusion | cluster, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 192 | Conference Proceedings | Bagnulo, L. H. | 1991 | Crack-fusion: a Plausible Explanation of Cold Fusion | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 267 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Crack-fusion: a Plausible Explanation of Cold Fusion | fractofusion, theory, ICCF-2 | Possible dynamics are here and hypothesized on 'cold fusion' in readily absorb it if metals, such as Palladium or Titanium, or Hydrogen and its isotopes, the absorption at high density level by these metals of mixtures of said isotopes (especially Deuterium and Tritium) and their successive liberation within the internal cracks of the metal mass where pressures exceeding 10^12 atm are expected to be created such that they generate fusion phenomena in accordance with the probable explosive sequence as follows: the formation of molecules, the increase in pressure, the formation of plasma, nuclear fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=282 | ||
| 193 | Journal Article | Bailan, R., Blaizot, J. P., Bonche, P. | 1989 | Cold Fusion in a Dense Electron Gas | J. Phys. France, Vol = 50 | Cold Fusion in a Dense Electron Gas | theory, screening | ||||||||
| 194 | Report | Bailey, D. C. | 1989 | Gammas from Cold Nuclear Fusion | J. Phys. France, Vol = 50 | Gammas from Cold Nuclear Fusion | neutron, gamma, theory | ||||||||
| 195 | Journal Article | Baird, J. K. | 1994 | Isotope effect in hydrogen atom diffusion in metals | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = submitted | Isotope effect in hydrogen atom diffusion in metals | diffusion, PdD, PdH | ||||||||
| 196 | Journal Article | Balabanov, N. P. | 1989 | Hypothesis to explain electrochemically induced nuclear fusion | Nauchni Tr., Plovdivski Univ., Vol = 26, Num = 4, Page = 247 (in Bulgarian) | Hypothesis to explain electrochemically induced nuclear fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 197 | Journal Article | Balbaa, I. S., Hardy, P. A., San-Martin, A., Coulter, P. G., Manchester, F. D. | 1987 | The Effect of Lattice Distortions on the X-Ray Measurement of Lattice Parameters for PdHx: I. Empirical Relationships | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 17 | The Effect of Lattice Distortions on the X-Ray Measurement of Lattice Parameters for PdHx: I. Empirical Relationships | Lattice Parameter, PdH, stress | ||||||||
| 198 | Journal Article | Baldo, M., Pucci, R., Bortignon, P. F. | 1990 | Relaxation toward equilibrium in plasmon-enhanced fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Relaxation toward equilibrium in plasmon-enhanced fusion | review, theory | ||||||||
| 199 | Conference Proceedings | Baldo, M. | 1991 | Enhancement of Fusion Rate Induced by the Collective Electron Excitations | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 187 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Enhancement of Fusion Rate Induced by the Collective Electron Excitations | theory, electron, excitation screening, ICCF-2 | After the claimed experimental evidence of deuteron cold fusion reported in the literature, a large amount of theoretical work has been done, either to support the possibility of this unexpected phenomenon, either to present arguments against it. The paper by Legget and Baym appears of fundamental relevance to this respect. In that work a rigorous upper bound is given for the fusion rate of deuterons embedded in a crystal, which is too small to be compatible with the claimed experimental values. The upper bound is expressed mainly in terms of the chemical potential of neutral helium atoms and deuteron molecules with respect to a crystal of Palladium, or in general of the absorbing material. The smallness of this upper bound is a consequence of the small value of the chemical potential of neutral helium atoms. The latter has been taken to be close to zero, according to the experimental evidence. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=202 | ||
| 200 | Journal Article | Balej, J., Divisek, J. | 1989 | Energy balance of D2O electrolysis with a palladium cathode, Part I. Theoretical relations | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 278 | Energy balance of D2O electrolysis with a palladium cathode, Part I. Theoretical relations | heat, method, thermodynamnic, PdD, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 201 | Journal Article | Balescu, R. | 1989 | Some like it cool | Phys. Mag, Vol = 11 | Some like it cool | Review | ||||||||
| 202 | Journal Article | Balian, R., Blaizot, J. P., Bonche, P. | 1989 | Cold fusion in a dense electron gas | J. Phys. France, Vol = 50 | Cold fusion in a dense electron gas | theory, screening, Born-Oppenheimer | ||||||||
| 203 | Journal Article | Balin, D. V., Maev, E. M., Medvedev, V. I., Semenchuk, G. G., Smirenin, Yu. V., Vorobyov, A. A., Zalite, Y. K. | 1984 | Experimental Investigation of the Muon Catalyzed d-d Fusion | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 141, Num = 3/4, Page = 173 | Experimental Investigation of the Muon Catalyzed d-d Fusion | muon | ||||||||
| 204 | Journal Article | Balke, B., Cox, L., Fackler, O., Mugge, M., Souers, P. C., Tsugawa, R. T., White, R. M. | 1990 | Limits on neutron emission from 'cold fusion' in metal hydrides | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = C42 | Limits on neutron emission from 'cold fusion' in metal hydrides | Ti, Pd, neutron, D2, HD, DT | ||||||||
| 205 | Conference Proceedings | Ban, M. | 2005 | Tunnel Resonance Of Electron Wave And Force Of Fluctuation | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Tunnel Resonance Of Electron Wave And Force Of Fluctuation | theory | ||||||
| 206 | Journal Article | Banas, J., Ciechanowski, M., Dulinski, M., Kreft, A., Molenda, J., Morstin, K., Stoklosa, A., Wozniak, J. | 1989 | Geophysical aspects of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | Nucl. Geophys., Vol = 3 | Geophysical aspects of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | neutron, gamma emission, cosmic ray, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 207 | Conference Proceedings | Baranov, D., Bazhutov, Y., Khokhov, N., Koretsky, V. P., Kuznetsov, A. B., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Sukovatkin, N. | 1993 | Experimental Testing of the Erzion Model by Reacting of Electron Flux on the Target | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 8 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Experimental Testing of the Erzion Model by Reacting of Electron Flux on the Target | La-Sm, Li-Sn, La-Nd, electron bombardment gamma emission, transmutation, erzion ICCF-4 | |||||
| 208 | Conference Proceedings | Baranov, D., Bazhutov, Y., Koretsky, V. P., Plets, Y., Pohil, G., Sakharov, E. | 1993 | Investigation of the Erzion-Nuclear Transformation by Ion Beams | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 20 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Investigation of the Erzion-Nuclear Transformation by Ion Beams | erzion, transmutation, theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 209 | Journal Article | Baranova, R. V., Khodyrev, Yu. P., Imamov, R. M., Semiletov, S. A. | 1980 | Crystal Structure of Pd Hydride with Primitive Cubic Lattice | Sov. Phys. Crystallogr., Vol = 25 | Crystal Structure of Pd Hydride with Primitive Cubic Lattice | Pd, H, lattice Parameter, structure, PdH | ||||||||
| 210 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Wisniewski, R. | 1969 | The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25 deg C | Phys. Stat. Sol. A, Vol = 35 | The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25 deg C | Pd, H2, resistivity, PdH, H/Pd | ||||||||
| 211 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Wisniewski, R. | 1969 | The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25 deg C | Phys. Stat. Sol. A, Vol = 35 | The Electrical Resistance of Palladium and Palladium-Gold Alloy (50 wt% Au and Pd) in Gaseous Hydrogen up to 24000 at at 25 deg C | Pd, H2, resistivity, PdH, H/Pd | ||||||||
| 212 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B. | 1972 | High Pressure Research on Palladium-Hydrogen Systems | Pt. Met. Rev., Vol = 16-17 | High Pressure Research on Palladium-Hydrogen Systems | Pd, H, pressure, resistivity, PdH | ||||||||
| 213 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Majchrzak, S., Flanagan, T. B. | 1973 | A High-Pressure Investigation of the Rhodium/Palladium/Hydrogen System | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 77 | A High-Pressure Investigation of the Rhodium/Palladium/Hydrogen System | Pd, Rh, H, phase Diagram, Pd-Rh | ||||||||
| 214 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Skoskiewicz, T., Szafranski, A. W. | 1975 | The Metallic Behavior of Hydrogen in Palladium | Sov. J. Low Temp. Phys., Vol = 1 | The Metallic Behavior of Hydrogen in Palladium | Pd, H2, PdH, density Of States, Heat Capacity, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 215 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Majorowski, S. | 1984 | Activation Volume for Hydrogen Diffusion in Palladium Hydride | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 98 | Activation Volume for Hydrogen Diffusion in Palladium Hydride | PdH, diffusion, H | ||||||||
| 216 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M., Raczynski, W. | 1984 | Investigation of Some Metal-Hydrogen Systems in the High Pressure Region | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 101 | Investigation of Some Metal-Hydrogen Systems in the High Pressure Region | Pd, D2, diffusion, pressure, Al, H2, thermodynamic, loading | ||||||||
| 217 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M., Szustakowski, M., Farny, J., Woryna, W. | 1990 | Search for 'cold fusion' in some Me-D systems at high pressures of gaseous deuterium | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 158 | Search for 'cold fusion' in some Me-D systems at high pressures of gaseous deuterium | Pd, neutron, heat-, electrolysis, D2O, D2, CR-39, high pressure, Ni, negative | ||||||||
| 218 | Journal Article | Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M., Raczynski, W. | 1994 | Electrolytic charging of palladium by deuterium at normal and high pressure conditions | Pol. J. Chem., Vol = 68 | Electrolytic charging of palladium by deuterium at normal and high pressure conditions | electrolysis, Pd, pressure, loading, D2, D2O | ||||||||
| 219 | Conference Proceedings | Barbieri, G., Caravella, A., Drioli, E. | 2009 | Concentration Polarization in hydrogen permeation through self-supported Pd-based membranes (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Concentration Polarization in hydrogen permeation through self-supported Pd-based membranes (PowerPoint slides) | materials, permeation | Concentration polarization present in any membrane separation affects the system performance depending on the membrane permeance, i.e., a higher permeance leads to a higher polarization. Hydrogen transport in Pd-based supported membranes was described by means of a model [1] considering several elementary steps of the permeation process, improving what done by Ward and Dao for self-supported membranes. The model includes the external mass transfer in the multicomponent gaseous phases on both membrane sides, described by the Stefan-Maxwell equations. The transport of the multicomponent mixture in the multilayered porous support was also considered and described by means of the Dusty Gas Model, which takes into account Knudsen, Poiseuille and ordinary diffusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BarbieriGconcentrat.pdf | ||||
| 220 | Report | Bard, A. | 1991 | Comments on SRI RP-3170 Review Meeting | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | University of Texas | Austin, TX | Comments on SRI RP-3170 Review Meeting | review | ||||||
| 221 | Patent | Barker, W. A. | 1990 | Electrostatic voltage excitation process and apparatus | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | US 4,961,880 | Tertiary Electrostatic voltage excitation process and apparatus Electrostatic voltage excitation process and apparatus | radioactivity, half-life, patent | |||||||
| 222 | Patent | Barker, W. A. | 1991 | Method for enhancing alpha decay in radioactive materials | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | US 5,076,971 | Tertiary Method for enhancing alpha decay in radioactive materials Method for enhancing alpha decay in radioactive materials | radioactivity, half-life, patent | |||||||
| 223 | Report | Barnhart, B., McDaniel, P., Mosier-Boss, P. A., McKubre, M. C. H., Forsley, L., DeChiaro, L. | 2009 | Technology Forecast: Worldwide Research on Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Increasing and Gaining Acceptance | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Defense Intelligence Agency | 13 November 2009 | Technology Forecast: Worldwide Research on Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Increasing and Gaining Acceptance | review | Scientists worldwide have been quietly investigating low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) for the past 20 years. Researchers in this controversial field are now claiming paradigm-shifting results, including generation of large amounts of excess heat, nuclear activity and transmutation of elements. Although no current theory exists to explain all the reported phenomena, some scientists now believe quantum-level nuclear reactions may be occurring. DIA assesses with high con fidence that if LENR can produce nuclear-origin energy at room temperatures, this disruptive technology could revolutionize energy production and storage, since nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per unit mass than do any known chemical fuel. | DIA-08-0911-003 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BarnhartBtechnology.pdf | ||||
| 224 | Conference Proceedings | Barrowes, S. C., Bergeson, H. E. | 1994 | Linear, High Precision, Redundant Calorimeter | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 21 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Linear, High Precision, Redundant Calorimeter | calorimeter, method, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 225 | Conference Proceedings | Bartolomeo, C., Fleischmann, M., Larramona, G., Pons, S., Roulett, J., Sugiura, H., Preparata, G. | 1993 | Alfred Coehn and After: The Alpha, Beta and Gamma of the Palladium-Hydrogen System | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 19 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Alfred Coehn and After: The Alpha, Beta and Gamma of the Palladium-Hydrogen System | Pd, hydrogen,, diffusion, phase diagram, Coehn, gamma phase ICCF-4 PdH | |||||
| 226 | Journal Article | Barton, J. C., Lewis, F. A. | 1962 | Interface Impedance and the Apparent Electrical Resistance of Palladium Hydrides in Aqueous Solutions | Trans. Faraday Soc., Vol = 58 | Interface Impedance and the Apparent Electrical Resistance of Palladium Hydrides in Aqueous Solutions | resistance, PdH, resistivity | ||||||||
| 227 | Journal Article | Barton, J. C., Lewis, F. A., Woodward, I. | 1963 | Hysteresis of the Relationships Between Electrical Resistance and Hydrogen Content of Palladium | Trans. Faraday Soc., Vol = 59 | Hysteresis of the Relationships Between Electrical Resistance and Hydrogen Content of Palladium | Pd, H2, resistance, magnetic Susceptibility | ||||||||
| 228 | Journal Article | Barton, J. C., Green, J. A. S., Lewis, F. A. | 1965 | Changes of Electrode Potential and Electrical Resistance as a Function of the Hydrogen Content of some Pd+Ni and Pd+Rh alloys | J. Am. Chem. Soc. | Changes of Electrode Potential and Electrical Resistance as a Function of the Hydrogen Content of some Pd+Ni and Pd+Rh alloys | Pd, Rh, Ni, H, overvoltage, resistance, solubility, phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 229 | Journal Article | Barton, J. C., Leitch, W. F. N., Lewis, F. A. | 1966 | Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladized Palladium Electrodes Following Immersion in Oxidizing Solutions | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 11 | Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladized Palladium Electrodes Following Immersion in Oxidizing Solutions | Pd, H, loading | ||||||||
| 230 | Journal Article | Barts, B. I., Barts, D. B., Grinenko, A. A. | 1992 | Theory of nuclear reactions with the participation of slow charged particles in solids | Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. Originally Oin: Yad. Fiz. 55 [1992] 79., Vol = 55 | Theory of nuclear reactions with the participation of slow charged particles in solids | theory, screening | ||||||||
| 231 | Journal Article | Barut, A. O. | 1990 | Prediction of new tightly-bound states of H2+ (D2+) and 'cold fusion' experiments | J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 15 | Prediction of new tightly-bound states of H2+ (D2+) and 'cold fusion' experiments | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 232 | Journal Article | Barwick, S. W., Price, P. B., Williams, W. T., Porter, J. D. | 1990 | Search for 0.8 MeV (3)He nuclei emitted from Pd and Ti exposed to high pressure D2 | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 273 | Search for 0.8 MeV (3)He nuclei emitted from Pd and Ti exposed to high pressure D2 | neutron, Ti, Pd, D2, alpha, particle emission, CR-39, helium, negative | ||||||||
| 233 | Journal Article | Bashkirov, Yu. A., Baranova, R. Kh., Bazanin, B. G., Kazakova, V. M. | 1990 | Observation of neutron emission from electrolysis of heavy water | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 19, Page = 51 (in Russian) | Observation of neutron emission from electrolysis of heavy water | neutron, Pd, Ti, D2O, H2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 234 | Journal Article | Bashko, V. A., Vit'ko, V. I., Goncharov, I. G., Zelenskii, V. F., Kovalenko, G. D., Krivoruchko, S. M., Ranyuk, Yu. N., Tarasov, I. K. | 1996 | Study of the nuclear fusion reaction in palladium by the emission of neutrons upon electrolysis' | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., Vol = 2, Num = 56, Page = 54 | Study of the nuclear fusion reaction in palladium by the emission of neutrons upon electrolysis' | neutron, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 235 | Conference Proceedings | Bass, R. W. | 1990 | On Empirical System ID, Possible External Electromagnetic/Electronuclear Stimulation/Actuation and Automatic Feedback Control of Cold Fusion | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 281 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | On Empirical System ID, Possible External Electromagnetic/Electronuclear Stimulation/Actuation and Automatic Feedback Control of Cold Fusion | theory ICCF-1 | This paper reviews some basic results from modern systems theory, which may prove useful to experimenters researching the cold fusion phenomenon from the point of view of attempting to learn how to stimulate, initiate, regulate, control by command at will, and terminate excess enthalpy, rate of tritium production, neutron count, etc. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWonempirica.pdf | ||
| 236 | Journal Article | Bass, R. W. | 1991 | QRT: Quantum Resonance Triggering Principle | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 281 | QRT: Quantum Resonance Triggering Principle | theory, QRT | ||||||||
| 237 | Conference Proceedings | Bass, R. W. | 1994 | A Semi-Classical Quantized Theory of Lattice Induced Nuclear Transformations | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 32 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | A Semi-Classical Quantized Theory of Lattice Induced Nuclear Transformations | theory | ||||
| 238 | Conference Proceedings | Bass, R. W. | 1994 | Is the Coulomb Fusion 'Barrier' a Resonantly Transparent Mirror? Refutation of the Conventional Cold Fusion 'QM-Impossibility' 'Proof' | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 45 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Is the Coulomb Fusion 'Barrier' a Resonantly Transparent Mirror? Refutation of the Conventional Cold Fusion 'QM-Impossibility' 'Proof' | theory | ||||
| 239 | Journal Article | Bass, R. W. | 1996 | Experimental Evidence Favoring Brightsen's Nucleon Cluster Model | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 59 | Experimental Evidence Favoring Brightsen's Nucleon Cluster Model | theory Brightsen Cluster | Brightsen Nucleon Cluster Model (NCM) predicts that a relatively low-energy photon can stimulate a nuclear transmutation under certain specified conditions. Examination of an experiment by Lin & Bockris demonstrates that the transmutation of mercury-201 to gold-197 induced by a mere exothermic chemical reaction (burning gunpowder) is an actual concrete example of a novel process predicted by the NCM. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWexperiment.pdf | ||||||
| 240 | Journal Article | Bass, R. W. | 1997 | A High School Level Expose of the Mistake Upon Which the ERAB Report is Based | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 3/4, Page = 22 | A High School Level Expose of the Mistake Upon Which the ERAB Report is Based | ERAB, history | ||||||||
| 241 | Journal Article | Bass, R. W. | 1998 | Parmenter's Fundamental Breakthrough Contributions | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 21, Page = 45 | Parmenter's Fundamental Breakthrough Contributions | theory | Noting Dr. Parmenter's acknowledgment to me at the end of his seminal paper, Dr. Mallove has asked me for a prefatory critique. Frankly I feel like a kindergarten finger-painting dauber asked to appraise a Rembrandt! In fact, in 1994 I applied seriously for a humble programmer's job at the Univ. of Arizona in hopes that by moving to Tucson I might be able to audit some of Parmenter's courses: I am awed by his mastery of the three-dimensional details, not only of Quantum Mechanics (QM) [which I know only as a 1-D point-particle theory] but of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), Nuclear Physics, and Solid-State Physics. I accepted this assignment only in hopes of nudging people like Dr. Barry Merriman of UCLA and Dr. Jim Peebles of Princeton to consider Parmenter's contributions with the serious care which they manifestly deserve. I'd also hope that in the next issue of IE we receive comments on this milestone theoretical tour de force by all of the dozen other expert theoreticians mentioned below. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWparmenters.pdf | ||||||
| 242 | Conference Proceedings | Bass, R. W., Gleeson, S. W. | 2000 | Recent Advances in LENT and Proposed CF via Deuterium Crystals | INE/EEMF Conference on New Energy Conversion | Bailey, P. G. | INE/EEMF Conference on New Energy Conversion | Recent Advances in LENT and Proposed CF via Deuterium Crystals | theory | ||||||
| 243 | Journal Article | Bass, R. W. | 2002 | Five Frozen Needles CF Protocol | J. New Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 2, Page = 30 | Five Frozen Needles CF Protocol | Helium | The following protocol is designed to be intuitively convincing to a layman who, if told that needles 2, 3 and 4 have been pulsed with constant-voltage DC-electricity for twice, thrice and quadruple the amount of time as needle 1, and then measured to contain twice, thrice and quadruple the amount of He4 as the first needle, will instantly reject any doubt that the electrical pulse was creating He4 from some form of nuclear-chemistry process whose action was directly proportional to the amount of DC electrical energy used. At the same time, the protocol is sufficiently statistically sophisticated in its rigorous application of Experiment Design theory as to satisfy the most skeptical and informed critic. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWfivefrozen.pdf | ||||||
| 244 | Conference Proceedings | Bass, R. W. | 2003 | Optimal laser wavelength for resonant transmission through the coulomb barrier | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Optimal laser wavelength for resonant transmission through the coulomb barrier | Theory | The 1993 point-particle, 1-D semi-classical quantum-mechanical theory of resonant transparency of the Coulomb barrier [1], though admittedly crude, has some plausibility as to relevance and adequacy because it predicts quantitatively different results for lattices of protons versus deuterons embedded in host lattices of palladium versus nickel. Specifically it predicts that cold fusion is likely with Ni cathodes and electrolysis with either ordinary or heavy water, whereas it is likely only for heavy-water electrolysis with Pd cathodes. The question of whether or not this 1993 theory has any predictive power regarding the 2003 Letts-Cravens effect is considered and answered as: 'partially.' That is, the 'optimal' range of wavelengths includes that discovered by Letts and Cravens, but because of the possibility of multi-photon reactions it does not uniquely single out their 680 nm as best, which would require a more detailed model (including e.g. cathode temperature) than provided by the simplified 1993 theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWoptimallas.pdf | |||
| 245 | Conference Proceedings | Bass, R. W., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2003 | Generalized cause and effect demonstration protocol | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Generalized cause and effect demonstration protocol | Theory | It is universally accepted, even by nonscientists, that if the measured output from a physical system is double, triple, or quadruple that obtained when the measured stimulus/input is doubled, tripled, or quadrupled then there is a 'cause and effect relationship' between the input and output (e.g. total energy input versus excess energy [or nuclear ash] output in a cold fusion experiment). How does one quantify this scientifically, when random process disturbances and random measurement noises preclude perfect linearity? This question is answered under the assumption of Gaussian (or 'normal') departures from ideal linearity regarding t hetwo mentioned statistical aspects. This is a generalization of the protocol propose dby Bass [1], which is more realistically flexible in several respects. An arbitrary number | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWgeneralize.pdf | |||
| 246 | Conference Paper | Bass, R. W. | 2005 | Do Conjectures/Concepts of Schwinger, Turner, Chubb, R. Bush, Lamb & Parmenter, et al. Resolve the Chief Challenge to Cold Fusion Theory? (PowerPoint slides) | MIT Cold Fusion Colloquium | Theory | Cold Fusion: experimental 'facts' assumed herein: * Deuterons in Palladium and Nickel lattices can fuse to create Helium nuclei and heat in the form of lattice vibrations * Protons in Nickel lattices can fuse to create Deuterium nuclei and heat in the form of lattice vibrations | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWdoconjectu.pdf | |||||||
| 247 | Conference Paper | Bass, R. W. | 2007 | 3 Untried 'Optimal' Hot & Cold Fusion Reactors (PowerPoint slides) | 7th Symposium on Current Trends in International Fusion Research | Theory | TOPOLOTRON CHALLENGE # 1 * Bass published words 'kidney-bean' & 'bean-shaped cross-section' on page 1,239 of November, 1971, Bulletin of American Physical Society (APS) . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWuntriedopt.pdf | |||||||
| 248 | Conference Proceedings | Bass, R. W., Swartz, M. R. | 2008 | Empirical System Identification (ESID) and Optimal Control of Lattice-Assisted Nuclear Reactors | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Empirical System Identification (ESID) and Optimal Control of Lattice-Assisted Nuclear Reactors | Theory | |||||||
| 249 | Conference Paper | Bass, R. W. | 2010 | The only conventionally viable Cold Nuclear Fusion theory? | American Chemical Society | Theory | What is meant in this context by 'conventionally viable'? 1. Every concept & technique used is found in standard works on Quantum Mechanics and Solid State Physics & Nuclear Physics. 2. A practitioner of accepted scientific usages will find nothing legitimately objectionable. 3. Straightforward calculations actually PREDICT that under appropriate conditions Cold Fusion must occur despite Huizenga's alleged requirement of '3 miracles' that are required. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BassRWtheonlycon.pdf | |||||||
| 250 | Journal Article | Basteev, A. V., Nechiporenko, L. A. | 1994 | Activation of solid-phase deflagration of hydrogen-containing energy-storing substances | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 19 | Activation of solid-phase deflagration of hydrogen-containing energy-storing substances | review, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 251 | Journal Article | Batalla, E., Zwartz, E. G., Judd, B. A. | 1989 | In-situ X-ray diffraction of palladium cathodes in electrolytic cells | Solid State Commun., Vol = 71 | In-situ X-ray diffraction of palladium cathodes in electrolytic cells | tetrahedral structure, gamma phase lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 252 | Journal Article | Battaglia, A., Daddi, L., Focardi, S., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F., Sona, P. G., Veronesi, S. | 1999 | Neutron emission in Ni-H systems | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 112 A | Neutron emission in Ni-H systems | Ni, H2, neutron | ||||||||
| 253 | Journal Article | Bauer, H. | 2004 | Science in the 21st Century: Knowledge Monopolies and Research Cartels | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 18, Num = 4, Page = 643 or 660 | Science in the 21st Century: Knowledge Monopolies and Research Cartels | review | ||||||||
| 254 | Journal Article | Baurichter, A., Eyrich, W., Frank, M., Goehr, H., Kreische, W., Ortner, H., Roeseler, B., Schiller, C. A., Weeske, G., Witthun, W. | 1989 | Search for cold fusion in palladium | Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, Vol = 76 | Search for cold fusion in palladium | neutron, gamma emission Pd D2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 255 | Journal Article | Bazhutov, Y., Khrenov, B. A., Khristiansen, G. B. | 1982 | About one opportunity of second shower spectrum interpretation observed at small depth underground | Isv. Akad. Nauk USSR, ser. phys., Vol = 46, Num = 9, Page = 2425 | About one opportunity of second shower spectrum interpretation observed at small depth underground | theory new particle erzion | ||||||||
| 256 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Vereshkov, G. M., Kuz'min, R. N., Frolov, A. M. | 1990 | Interpretation of cold nuclear fusion by means of erzion catalysis | Fiz. Plazmy Nekotor. Vopr. Obshch. Fiz. M. | 1990 | Interpretation of cold nuclear fusion by means of erzion catalysis | theory, erzion new particle | |||||||
| 257 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Kuznetsov, A. B., Surova, T. D., Chertov, Yu. P. | 1991 | Study of the possibility of a cold nuclear fusion reaction by electrolysis of heavy water with a titanium electrode | Teo. Eksp. Issled. Vopr. Obshch. Fiz., Min. Obshch. Mashin. SSSR | 1991 | Study of the possibility of a cold nuclear fusion reaction by electrolysis of heavy water with a titanium electrode | Ti, tritium, x-ray, electrolysis, D2O | |||||||
| 258 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Chertov, Yu. P., Krivoshein, A. A., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Khokhlov, N. I. | 1993 | Excess Heat Observation During Electrolysis of Cs2CO3 Solution in Light Water | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 24 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Excess Heat Observation During Electrolysis of Cs2CO3 Solution in Light Water | Cs2CO3, Ni, H2O, heat+, tritium, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 259 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y. | 1996 | Erzion Model of Catalytic Nuclear Transmutation and Its Interpretation of Ball-Lightning and Other Anomalous Geophysical Phenomena | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 396 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Erzion Model of Catalytic Nuclear Transmutation and Its Interpretation of Ball-Lightning and Other Anomalous Geophysical Phenomena | theory, Erzion, caviation, tritium, neutron, new particle, ICCF-6 | The principles that underlie the Erzion Model of catalytic nuclear transmutation are described. The Erzion Model permits the main anomalous features of Cold Fusion to be readily interpreted. Ball-lightning and some other anomalous geophysical phenomena are interpreted in terms of this model. The fundamental and applied problems resolved with Erzion Model are indicated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=411 | ||
| 260 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Koretsky, V. P. | 1996 | Possibility of Radioactive Waste Utilization in Terms of the Erzion Model | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 392 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Possibility of Radioactive Waste Utilization in Terms of the Erzion Model | theory, Erzion, caviation, tritium, neutron, new particle, ICCF-6 | The possibility of transmutation of twenty six elements which form the main part of radioactive wastes is analysed in terms of the Erzion Model. The final products of the transmutation reactions are examined. It is concluded that practically all of the radio nuclides may be utilized. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=417 | ||
| 261 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Koretsky, V. P., Kuznetsov, A. B., Potapov, Yu. S., Nikitsky, V. P., Nevezhin, N. Ya., Saunin, E. I., Kordukevich, V. O., Titenkov, A. F. | 1996 | Tritium, Neutron, and Radicarbon Registration with the Yusmar Hydrofacility Running | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 387 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Tritium, Neutron, and Radicarbon Registration with the Yusmar Hydrofacility Running | theory, Erzion, caviation, tritium, neutron, particle emission, ICCF-6 | High statistical (>30) and systematic confidence levels have been reached in recording the nuclear products (tritium, neutron emission, and radiocarbon) that occurred in the Yusmar hydrofacility working fluid as predicted by the Erzion model for catalyzed transmutation of nuclei. The pending extension of the Erzion model research is expected to improve the Yusmar properties relevant to energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=402 | ||
| 262 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y. | 1998 | Influence of Spin and Parity Preservation Lows on Erzion Model Predictions in Cold Fusion Experiments | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 437 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Influence of Spin and Parity Preservation Lows on Erzion Model Predictions in Cold Fusion Experiments | theory, Ezrion, ICCF-7 | Spin and Parity Preservation Lows were used for erzion-nuclear reaction probability analysis. it was shown for instance on some nuclei that not all erzion-nuclear reactions can run with zero spin and in this case cross-sections of such reactions become rather small . This analysis is able to divide all of them by priority degree. As supposed before it was found that erzion-nuclear reactions on deuterium, protium and tritium have best priority degree what is in best accordance with all Cold Fusion experimental results. Some recommendations on best chemical elements for using in Cold Fusion experiments are done . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=437 | ||
| 263 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Koretsky, V. P. | 1998 | Neutron Generation at Ultrasonic Cavitation of Some Liquids | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 427 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Neutron Generation at Ultrasonic Cavitation of Some Liquids | neutron, cavitation, Ti, ultrasound ICCF-7 | Neutrons were recorded during 20 hours on the level of 30-100010 background excess and statistical reliability from 3 sigma to 12 sigma after 131 hours of ultrasonic cavitation of some salt water solutions and liquid mixtures. The duration of the neutron generation changed in 0,5 - 8 hour period and the neutron intensity ranged up to 10 n/s, the order more than our predecessors achieved. The event trust was confirmed with the impulse spectrum of the He-3 neutron counter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=427 | ||
| 264 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y. | 2000 | Erzion Discovery in Cosmic Rays and its Possible Great Role in Nature in Framework of Erzion Model of Cold Nuclear Transmutation | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 269 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Erzion Discovery in Cosmic Rays and its Possible Great Role in Nature in Framework of Erzion Model of Cold Nuclear Transmutation | erzion, transmutation cosmic ray, theory new particle, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 265 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Bazhutova, S., Dyadkin, A., Nekrasov, V., Sharkov, V. | 2004 | Calorimetric And Neutron Diagnostics Of Liquids During Laser Irradiation | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Calorimetric And Neutron Diagnostics Of Liquids During Laser Irradiation | ||||||||
| 266 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y., Pletnikov, E. | 2004 | Search For Erzion Nuclear Catalysis Chains From Cosmic Ray Erzions Stopping In Organic Scintillator | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Search For Erzion Nuclear Catalysis Chains From Cosmic Ray Erzions Stopping In Organic Scintillator | theory | |||||||
| 267 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y. | 2007 | Erzion Model Features In Cold Nuclear Transmutation Experiments | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Erzion Model Features In Cold Nuclear Transmutation Experiments | theory | I describe the history of Erzion Model from its appearance in Cosmic Rays in 1982 and its development to explain the main features of Cold Fusion Experiments. Erzion Model can explain in principle many problems in Astrophysics and Geophysics, such as: 1) Dark matter in Universe; 2) Solar neutrino problem; 3) Jupiter energetic unbalance; 4) Tritium & He3 abundance in volcano products; 5) Ball-lightning & forest fire nature amongst others. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=21 | |||||
| 268 | Conference Proceedings | Bazhutov, Y. | 2008 | Role of Russian Scientists in CMNS - Conference Proceedings 1991-2007 | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Role of Russian Scientists in CMNS - Conference Proceedings 1991-2007 | Theory | |||||||
| 269 | Journal Article | Bazhutov, Y. | 2014 | Erzion model interpretation of the experiments with hydrogen loading of various metals | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 29-37 Erzion model interpretation of the experiments with hydrogen loading of various metals | Theory | The short review of Cold Nuclear Transmutation investigation for 22 years after its discovery is presented. It is shown the main physical results of Rossi-Focardi and our experiment with the hydrogen loading of various metals. It is proposed the Erzion Model of Catalytic Nuclear Transmutation for theoretical explanation of the generation of excess heat, new chemical elements and isotopes, X-ray and neutron bursts radiation in these experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=39 | ||||||
| 270 | Journal Article | Bazhutov, Y., Belousova, E., Koretsky, V. P., Parkhomov, A. | 2014 | Investigation of Radiation Effects at Loading Ni, Be and LaNi5 by Hydrogen | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 19-29 Investigation of Radiation Effects at Loading Ni, Be and LaNi5 by Hydrogen | gamma radiation. | The installation permitting to investigate gamma, x-ray and neutron radiations emitted by metals loaded with protium-deuterium mixture at temperature up to 750 deg C and pressure up to 100 bars is created. It was discovered that LaNi5 powder, nickel and beryllium are radiated presumably X-rays and neutrons. Radiation emission occurs in the form of short bursts or series of bursts lasting up to several tens minutes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=29 | ||||||
| 271 | Journal Article | Bazhutov, Y., Gerasimove, A., Evmenenko, V., Koretskiy, V., Parkhomov, A., Sapozhnikov, Y. | 2016 | Calorimetric and Radiation Diagnostics ofWater Solutions Under Intense Light Irradiation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 10 Calorimetric and Radiation Diagnostics ofWater Solutions Under Intense Light Irradiation | Calorimetry, Erzion model, Gamma-ray, Neutrons, Red light irradiation, Tritium,Water solutions, X-ray | A series of experiments with light irradiation of saltwater solutions and alkalis in special vessels was performed. The sources of irradiation were: a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp, a matrix of LEDs, and a laser. All of them were in the red wavelength. Possible calorimetric diagnostics and nuclear radiation (gamma rays, X-rays, and neutrons) were monitored. Liquid scintillation diagnostics of tritium were used. Gamma-ray radiation detection with an NaI scintillation detector, and X-ray radiation detection with Geiger counters was performed. No such radiation was observed. Excess heat was not detected in any experiment. Neutrons were measured with help of 3He counters placed in a paraffin barrel. Small neutron emissions (up to 100 neutrons) was observed in the form of a series of short bursts (lasting a few milliseconds) during some minutes at the background level. The generation of tritium after LED lamp and matrix of LEDs irradiation of water solutions LiOH and Na2CO3has been demonstrated in some experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=18 | ||||||
| 272 | Journal Article | Bearden, T. E. | 1996 | Use of Asymmetrical Regauging and Multivalued Potentials to Achieve Over-Unity Electromagnetic Engines | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 60 | Use of Asymmetrical Regauging and Multivalued Potentials to Achieve Over-Unity Electromagnetic Engines | ZPE, theory | ||||||||
| 273 | Journal Article | Bearden, T. E. | 1998 | Purported Over-Unity Results by Hewlett Packard | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 98 | Purported Over-Unity Results by Hewlett Packard | ZPE, history | ||||||||
| 274 | Journal Article | Bearden, T. E. | 1998 | EM Corrections Enabling a Practical Unified Field Theory with Emphasis on Time-Charging Interactions of Longitudinal EM Waves | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 2/3, Page = 12 | EM Corrections Enabling a Practical Unified Field Theory with Emphasis on Time-Charging Interactions of Longitudinal EM Waves | ZPE, theory | ||||||||
| 275 | Book | Beaudette, C. G. | 2002 | Excess Heat: Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 2/3, Page = 12 | Oak Grove Press | Concord, NH | Excess Heat: Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed | history book | This document contains extracts from the book, and the author's description of the book: This book tells the history of the strangest event in modern science. In 1989 the University of Utah announced a new experiment by electrochemists Professors Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons that demonstrates table top nuclear fusion at extremely low levels, and substantial anomalous (unexplained, excess) heat energy (power) with no dangerous radiation. This story, written for the college reader without scientific training, presents the abundant replication of excess heat results by many laboratories in several countries. Excess heat research, referred to as cold fusion research, is presently an empirical science known as low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). While the book illustrates much progress, the specific reactions that produce the heat energy still await discovery. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BeaudetteCexcessheat.pdf | ||||
| 276 | Report | Beaudette, C. G. | 2005 | Response to the DOE/2004 Review of Cold-Fusion Research | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 2/3, Page = 12 | Oak Grove Press | South Bristol, ME | Response to the DOE/2004 Review of Cold-Fusion Research | Review | During 2004, the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE/OS) initiated and completed a peer-review of the field in science known as cold-fusion research (CFR). The DOE/OS selected eighteen Reviewers for their expertise in the relevant scientific specialties. Remaining largely anonymous, they studied a collection of papers about the field selected and prepared by several of the scientists who have been active in CFR for the past sixteen y ears. Those scientists also presented selected accomplishments to some of the Reviewers during a one day meeting. The following three questions (paraphrased) were asked of the Reviewers: (1) Is there evidence of low-energy-nuclear-reactions (LENR), (2) do such reactions really occur, and (3) should research efforts be continued? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BeaudetteCresponseto.pdf | ||||
| 277 | Journal Article | Becker, E. W. | 1989 | Triple collision reaction of deuterons as a possible explanation of cold nuclear fusion | Naturwiss., Vol = 76 | Triple collision reaction of deuterons as a possible explanation of cold nuclear fusion | nuclear reaction Li D2 Helium | ||||||||
| 278 | Conference Proceedings | Beddingfield, D. H., Cecil, F. E., Galovich, C. S., Liu, H., Asher, S. | 1991 | Characterization of Charged Particle Bursts from Deuterium Loaded Thin Titanium Foils | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 99 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Characterization of Charged Particle Bursts from Deuterium Loaded Thin Titanium Foils | Ti, D2, particle emission, lattice parameter, metallurgy, loading, ICCF-2 | Following our recently reported observation of intense bursts of charged particles from deuterium gas load thin Titanium foils, we conducted a relatively exhaustive analysis of the samples involved in this study .in order to better understand the gas loading process, to characterize the elemental and structural properties of the samples, and to ascertain, if possible, any differences between those samples which evinced particle bursts and those which did not. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=114 | ||
| 279 | Journal Article | Beene, J. | 2013 | Critique of 'Cold Fusion from a Chemist's Point of View' | Infinite Energy | 27 Critique of 'Cold Fusion from a Chemist's Point of View' theory | theory, critique | The following critique of Dr. Edmund Storms' recent observations and theory, 'Cold Fusion from a Chemist's Point of View', can be called un-critical, in the sense that his arguments appear to be fully defensible, at least within a narrow focus. There is little to dispute within what Storms presents -- but the problem, if there is one, goes to the validity of any underlying premise of simplification, which can be called 'parsimony' or 'Ockham's Razor'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BeeneJcritiqueof.pdf | ||||||
| 280 | Magazine Article | Begley, S., Hurt, H., Murr, A., Rogers, M. | 1989 | The Race for Fusion, and The Follies of Science | Newsweek | The Race for Fusion, and The Follies of Science | history, newspaper | ||||||||
| 281 | Magazine Article | Begley, S., Jones, E., Waldorf, T. | 1989 | A Sun in a Test Tube? | Newsweek | A Sun in a Test Tube? | history | ||||||||
| 282 | Newspaper Article | Begley, S. | 2003 | Cold Fusion Isn't Dead, It's Just Withering From Scientific Neglect | Wall Street Journal | Sept. 5, 2003 | Cold Fusion Isn't Dead, It's Just Withering From Scientific Neglect | Review | |||||||
| 283 | Journal Article | Behrisch, R., Moeller, W., Roth, J., Scherzer, B. M. U. | 1989 | Search for fusion reactions between deuterium atoms implanted into titanium | Nucl. Fusion, Vol = 29, Num = 7, Page = 1187 | Search for fusion reactions between deuterium atoms implanted into titanium | Ti, ion implantation, D2, particle emission | ||||||||
| 284 | Journal Article | Behrisch, R. | 1992 | Comment on: H. Gentsch, DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor, Ber. Bunsenges, Phys. Chem. 95, 1283 [1991] | Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., Vol = 96 | Comment on: H. Gentsch, DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor, Ber. Bunsenges, Phys. Chem. 95, 1283 [1991] | neutron, D+, Pd. | ||||||||
| 285 | Report | Beiting, E. | 2017 | Investigation of the nickel-hydrogen anomalous heat effect | Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., Vol = 96 | Report No. ATR-2017-01760 | The Aerospace Corporation | Investigation of the nickel-hydrogen anomalous heat effect | excess heat, calorimeter, nickel, palladium, zirconium | Experimental work was undertaken to reproduce a specific observation of the gas-phase Anomalous Heat Effect (AHE)*. This task required the production of a quantity of heat energy by a mass of material so small that the origin of the energy cannot be attributable to a chemical process. The gas-phase form of AHE is difficult to reproduce and hence lacks a measure of credibility. The goal is to enhance its credibility by reproducing results first demonstrated in Japan and later reproduced in the U.S. by a solitary investigator. The technique heated nanometer-sized Ni:Pd particles (20:1 molar ratio) embedded in micron-sized particles of an inert refractory of ZrO2. It was not within the purview of this work to investigate the physical origin of the AHE effect or speculate on its source. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BeitingEinvestigat.pdf | ||||
| 286 | Journal Article | Beiting, E., Romein, D. | 2019 | High-temperature Calorimetric Measurements of Heat for Ni/H2 Exothermic Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | High-temperature Calorimetric Measurements of Heat for Ni/H2 Exothermic Reactions | Anomalous heat, Gas loading, Gas-phase LENR, High-temperature calorimetry, High-temperature cell, High-temperature hydrogen permeation, Hydrogen gas, Nickel-hydrogen absorption, Parkhomov replication | Instrumentation developed to measure heat power from a high-temperature reactor for experimental trials lasting several weeks is being applied to gas-phase Ni/H2 LENR. We developed a reactor that can maintain and record temperatures in excess of 1200? C while monitoring pressures exceeding 7 bar. This reactor is inserted into a flowing-fluid calorimeter that allows both temperature rise and flow rate of the cooling fluid to be redundantly measured by different physical principles. A computerized data acquisition system was written to automate the collection of more than 20 physical parameters with simultaneous numerical and dual graphical displays comprising both a strip chart and complete history of key parameters. Initial studies of the absorption of light hydrogen (H2) by nickel are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=50 | ||||||
| 287 | Journal Article | Bellanger, G. | 1995 | Embrittlement of Palladium and Palladium-Silver Alloy Cathode Membranes by Tritium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 27 | Embrittlement of Palladium and Palladium-Silver Alloy Cathode Membranes by Tritium | Pd, Pd-Ag, embrittlement, tritium | ||||||||
| 288 | Journal Article | Bellanger, G., Rameau, J. J. | 1997 | Determination of tritium adsorption and diffusion parameters in a palladium-silver alloy by electrochemical impedance analysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 32 | Determination of tritium adsorption and diffusion parameters in a palladium-silver alloy by electrochemical impedance analysis | tritium, diffusion, Pd-Ag | ||||||||
| 289 | Journal Article | Bellini, M., Casetti, L., Rosa-Clot, M. | 1990 | Nuclear Fusion in Excited Hydrogen Molecules | Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., Vol = 337 | Nuclear Fusion in Excited Hydrogen Molecules | Theory | ||||||||
| 290 | Journal Article | Belov, A. S., Kusik, V. E., Ryabov, Yu. V. | 1990 | The nuclear fusion for the reactions (2)H(d,n)(3)He,(2)H(d,gamma)(4)He at low deuterons energy and 'cold' nuclear fusion | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = A103 | The nuclear fusion for the reactions (2)H(d,n)(3)He,(2)H(d,gamma)(4)He at low deuterons energy and 'cold' nuclear fusion | ion beam, Pd, neutron, D+ | ||||||||
| 291 | Journal Article | Beltyukov, I. L., Bondarenko, N. B., Janelidze, A. A., Gapanov, M. Yu, Gribanov, K. G., Kondratov, S. V., Maltsev, A. G., Novikov, P. I., Tsvetkov, S. A., Zakharov, V. I. | 1991 | Laser-induced cold nuclear fusion in Ti-H2-D2-T2 compositions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Laser-induced cold nuclear fusion in Ti-H2-D2-T2 compositions | laser, titanium, fractofusion neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 292 | Journal Article | Belzner, A., Bischler, U., Crouch-Baker, S., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Schreiber, M., Huggins, R. A. | 1990 | Two fast mixed-conductor systems: deuterium and hydrogen in palladium - thermal measurements and experimental considerations | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 219 | Two fast mixed-conductor systems: deuterium and hydrogen in palladium - thermal measurements and experimental considerations | electrolysis, heat+, method, Pd, D2O effect of H2O | ||||||||
| 293 | Journal Article | Belzner, A., Bischler, U., Crouch-Baker, S., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Schreiber, M., Huggins, R. A. | 1990 | Recent results on mixed conductors containing hydrogen or deuterium | Solid State Ionics, Vol = 40/41 | Recent results on mixed conductors containing hydrogen or deuterium | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat+ | ||||||||
| 294 | Conference Proceedings | Bemporad, E., Sebastiani, M., Palmieri, V., Deambrosis, S. | 2009 | Integrated Approach for High Resolution Surface Characterisation: Coupling Focused Ion Beam with Micro and Nano Mechanical Tests (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Integrated Approach for High Resolution Surface Characterisation: Coupling Focused Ion Beam with Micro and Nano Mechanical Tests (PowerPoint slides) | materials | At present, mechanical characterisation of engineered surfaces is gaining more and more interest for the growing industrial application of surface modification and coating techniques, which are usually applied to improve either surface mechanical or functional performances (i.e hardness, load bearing capacity, wear resistance, surface free energy and chemical reactivity, electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, . . .). Furthermore, it has to be considered that the development of nanostructured materials and the growing use and application of nano-systems and nano-structures make the use of advanced procedures for nano-scale mechanical characterisation strictly necessary; in other cases, mechanical behaviour can be strongly influenced by microstructural and size effects (grain size, defects, interfaces, porosity,?), so multi-scale characterisation procedures are strongly needed for a determination of the correct correlation function among process parameters, surface properties and in-service performances. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BemporadEintegrated.pdf | ||||
| 295 | Conference Proceedings | Bemporad, E., Sebastiani, M., Palmieri, V., Deambrosis, S. | 2009 | Integrated approach for high resolution surface characterization: coupling focused ion beam with micro and nano mechanical tests | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Integrated approach for high resolution surface characterization: coupling focused ion beam with micro and nano mechanical tests | In the present paper, we will give a brief overview about the synergic use of two high resolution techniques with focus on applications on thin coatings: Focused Ion Beam (coupled with electron beam) imaging, milling and deposition technique (briefly called FIB) and Nanoindentation. After a basic description of both techniques (architecture, probe-sample interaction basics and operation modes), we will demonstrate effectiveness of this approach for microstructural investigation on very small samples without any sample preparation or preprocessing by presenting two case studies: (i) Analysis of residual stresses of engineered surfaces by coupling focused ion beam controlled material removal and nanoindentation testing, and (ii) Nano-mechanical characterization of sputtered niobium thin films for application in accelerating cavities. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=219 | |||||
| 296 | Journal Article | Benedek, G., Bortignon, P. F. | 1989 | Cold nuclear fusion: viewpoints of solid-state physics | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, Vol = 11, Num = 8, Page = 1227 | Cold nuclear fusion: viewpoints of solid-state physics | theory, screening | ||||||||
| 297 | Journal Article | Benesh, C. J., Vary, J. P. | 1989 | Fusion rates of squeezed and screened hydrogenic nuclei | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 2, Page = R495 | Fusion rates of squeezed and screened hydrogenic nuclei | theory, screening distance | ||||||||
| 298 | Journal Article | Benetskii, B. A., Klyachko, A. V., Rozantsev, A. I. | 1989 | An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion in a condensed medium | Ratk. Soobshch. Fiz. | An attempt to observe cold thermonuclear fusion in a condensed medium | Pd, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 299 | Journal Article | Benford, M. S. | 1999 | Biological Nuclear Reactions: Empirical Data Describes Unexplained SHC Phenomenon | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 19 | Biological Nuclear Reactions: Empirical Data Describes Unexplained SHC Phenomenon | transmutation, biological | ||||||||
| 300 | Journal Article | Bennington, S. M., Sokhi, R. S., Stonadge, P. R., Ross, D. K., Benham, M. J., Beynon, T. D., Whithey, P., Harris, I. R., Farr, J. P. G. | 1989 | A search for the emission of x-rays from electrolytically charged palladium-deuterium | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34 | A search for the emission of x-rays from electrolytically charged palladium-deuterium | x-ray, Pd, D2O, Pd-Li, negative | ||||||||
| 301 | Journal Article | Bennington, S. M., Benham, M. J., Stonadge, P. R., Fairclough, J. P. A., Ross, D. K. | 1990 | In-situ measurements of deuterium uptake into a palladium electrode using time-of-flight neutron diffractometry | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 281 | In-situ measurements of deuterium uptake into a palladium electrode using time-of-flight neutron diffractometry | neutron diffraction, loading, PdD, composition, method, structure | ||||||||
| 302 | Journal Article | Benson, T. | 1995 | A 'Micro-fusion' reactor: Nuclear reactions in 'the cold' by ultrasonic cavitation | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 33 | A 'Micro-fusion' reactor: Nuclear reactions in 'the cold' by ultrasonic cavitation | ultrasonic, heat+, He | ||||||||
| 303 | Conference Proceedings | Benson, T., Passell, T. O. | 2004 | Calorimetry of Energy-Efficient Glow Discharge - Apparatus Design and Calibration | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Calorimetry of Energy-Efficient Glow Discharge - Apparatus Design and Calibration | glow discharge, calorimetry | Introduction This work aims to develop a 'family' of low-powered calorimetrically-accurate glow discharge units, similar to that reported by Dardik, et al. at ICCF-10, and to use these to test a wide range of cathode materials, electrode coatings, gas types, gas pressures, and power input levels.? We will describe the design and calibration of these units. The strategy is to use a large number of very similar units so that the calorimetric response does not vary significantly for a given power level.? The design is metal or sealed glass cylindrical tubes, charged with 0.4 to 50 torr mixtures of deuterium, hydrogen, argon, or helium gases.? Units operate from 0.2 watt to >2 watt power input.? The units have low mass (<400 grams) to enhance their sensitivity to excess heat, and they are designed to allow visual observation of the discharge, on-line spectroscopic analysis of the gas to follow any changes in composition, and replication of the geometry and thermal mass during numerous changes in electrode composition. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BensonTcalorimetr.pdf | |||||
| 304 | Journal Article | Berkem, A. R. | 1989 | Nuclear fusion. Hot fusion - cold fusion | Kim. Sanayi, Vol = 31 | Nuclear fusion. Hot fusion - cold fusion | Review | ||||||||
| 305 | Journal Article | Berkheimer, G. D., Buxbaum., R. E. | 1985 | Hydrogen Pumping with Palladium Membranes | J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, Vol = 3 | Hydrogen Pumping with Palladium Membranes | diffusion, PdH, Pd-Ag, H2, Ag | ||||||||
| 306 | Journal Article | Berlinguette, C. P., Chiang, Y-M, Munday, J. N., Schenkel, T., Fork, D. K., Koningstein, R., Trevithick, M. D. | 2019 | Revisiting the cold case of cold fusion | Nature | 2019/05/27 | Revisiting the cold case of cold fusion | The 1989 claim of ?old fusion? was publicly heralded as the future of clean energy generation. However, subsequent failures to reproduce the effect heightened scepticism of this claim in the academic community, and effectively led to the disqualification of the subject from further study. Motivated by the possibility that such judgement might have been premature, we embarked on a multi-institution programme to re-evaluate cold fusion to a high standard of scientific rigour. Here we describe our efforts, which have yet to yield any evidence of such an effect. Nonetheless, a by-product of our investigations has been to provide new insights into highly hydrided metals and low-energy nuclear reactions, and we contend that there remains much interesting science to be done in this underexplored parameter space. | 1476-4687 10.1038/s41586-019-1256-6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1256-6 | ||||||
| 307 | Journal Article | Berlouis, L. E. A., Hall, P. J., MacKinnon, A. J., Wark, A. W., Manuelli, D., Gervais, V., Robertson, J. E. | 1997 | The decomposition of electrochemically loaded palladium hydride: a thermal analysis study | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | The decomposition of electrochemically loaded palladium hydride: a thermal analysis study | PdH, loading, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 308 | Journal Article | Bernabei, R., Gannelli, G., Cantelli, R., Cordero, d'Angelo, S., Iucci, N., Picozza, P. G., Villoresi, G. | 1990 | Neutron monitoring during evolution of deuteride precipitation in Nb, Ta and Ti | Solid State Commun., Vol = 76 | Neutron monitoring during evolution of deuteride precipitation in Nb, Ta and Ti | neutron, cracks, fractofusion, loading, Pd, PdD, D2 | ||||||||
| 309 | Conference Proceedings | Bernardini, M., Manduchi, C., Mengoli, G., Zannoni, G. | 2000 | Anomalous Effects Induced by D2O Electrolysis of Titanium | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 39 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Anomalous Effects Induced by D2O Electrolysis of Titanium | Ti, D2O, electrolysis, heat, transmutation, ICCF-8 | This investigation emphasizes the heat output (~1 W) measured at open circuit after the electrolysis of 0.6 M K2CO3 in D2O on titanium. This thermal phenomenon decayed slowly over the course of several days. 'Post-mortem' γ-spectroscopy analysis of the Ti samples cathodized in D2O evidenced transient γ-emissions which cannot be attributed to impurities of the electrolytic system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Bernardinianomalouse.pdf | ||
| 310 | Journal Article | Bernstein, L. A. | 2013 | Destruction of Radioactivity by Stimulation of Nuclear Transmutation Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | Destruction of Radioactivity by Stimulation of Nuclear Transmutation Reactions | Destruction of radioactivity, Nuclear transmutation reactions, Radioactive waste disposal, Thermal desorption, Tritium | Modern science considers properties of radioactive decay as intrinsic characteristics of each isotope that cannot be affected by changes in the surroundings. Here, we present an approach for stimulation of nuclear transmutation reactions leading to accelerated destruction of radioactive isotopes that allows expedited disposal of radioactive materials. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=13 | ||||||
| 311 | Conference Proceedings | Berrondo, M. | 1990 | Computer Simulation of D Atoms in a Pd Lattice | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 653 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Computer Simulation of D Atoms in a Pd Lattice | theory distance Lattice Parameter PdD2 | ||||
| 312 | Conference Proceedings | Bertalot, L., Bettinali, L., De Marco, F., Violante, V., De Logu, P., Dikonimos, T., La Barbera, A. | 1991 | Analysis of Tritium and Heat Excess in Electrochemical Cells With Pd Cathodes | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 3 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Analysis of Tritium and Heat Excess in Electrochemical Cells With Pd Cathodes | Pd, D2O, heat+, tritium-, neutron-, electrolysis, pulse loading, ICCF-2, negative | INTRODUCTION The origin of the excess heat developed during the electrolysis of heavy water in 'Cold Fusion' cells is up to now open to question. The necessary presence of deuterium suggests that fusion reactions can be partially or totally responsible for the generation of excess heat. Experience has shown neutron emission to be sporadic and very weak; on the other hand tritium was found in small but detectable amounts. Moreover if tritium accumulates in the solution it can be comfortably measured postmortem. Two experimental campaigns were performed: The first one in Frascati having as main objective the detection of tritium excess. Particular care was exerted to avoid any tritium and hydrogen contamination. The second one at the Texas A & M University in the framework of a scientific collaboration, having as objective the excess of heat and tritium measurement. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BertalotLanalysisof.pdf | ||
| 313 | Conference Proceedings | Bertalot, L., De Marco, F., De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V., Zeppa, P. | 1992 | Study of Deuterium Charging in Palladium by the Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Search for Heat Excess and Nuclear Ashes | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 365 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Study of Deuterium Charging in Palladium by the Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Search for Heat Excess and Nuclear Ashes | Pd, D2O, heat+., electrolysis, oneside electrolysis, ICCF-3, D2 | The production of heat excess (HE) in electrolytic cells with heavy water and palladium cathodes is, in cold fusion, the experiment that has had more confirmations, even though still doubts are cast on its nuclear origin. Furthermore, the correlation of HE with some features of the experiment seemed to be well established, the most convincing of which is the threshold of the D/Pd ratio. What is yet not quite clear is how to obtain a high D/Pd ratio, since this feature seems to depend both on the material and on the procedures adopted for the electrolysis. In this paper we will propose a novel approach to this problem, which permits us to correlate HE with other features of the experiment. In particular, we try to study the transport of matter across the palladium lattice during the electrolysis. A model proposed by two of us (ADN and VV), and presented at this Conference, helps to interpret the experimental results, and gives interesting hints for future research. Pd is precharged with D2 gas followed by electrolysis from one side. High-Low mode of current charging was used. An open, flow-type calorimeter having an error of ~25 mW was used. Gas flow through the cathode changes when excess heat is produced. A flow-type calorimeter is used. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=106 | ||
| 314 | Conference Proceedings | Bertalot, L., De Marco, F., De Ninno, A., Felici, R., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V. | 1993 | Deuterium Charging in Palladium by Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Measurement of Lattice Parameter | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 29 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Deuterium Charging in Palladium by Electrolysis of Heavy Water: Measurement of Lattice Parameter | Pd, D2O, lattice parameter, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-4, PdD | |||||
| 315 | Journal Article | Bertalot, L., De Marco, F., De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V., Zeppa, P. | 1993 | Study of deuterium charging in palladium by the electrolysis of heavy water: heat excess production | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 15 D | Study of deuterium charging in palladium by the electrolysis of heavy water: heat excess production | electrolysis, loading, heat+, Pd, D2O, OCV, diffusion | ||||||||
| 316 | Conference Proceedings | Bertalot, L., De Ninno, A., De Marco, F., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V. | 1995 | Power Excess Production in Electrolysis Experiments at ENEA Frascati | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 34 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Power Excess Production in Electrolysis Experiments at ENEA Frascati | D2O, Pd, electrolysis, heat+ surface effect gamma phase ICCF-5 phase diagram | Continuing the research activity on heat excess detection during the electrolysis of heavy water with palladium (Pd) cathodes, previously reported at ICCF3 and ICCF4, new experiments have been performed with success. In one of them it was also possible to correlate the power excess production with other parameters of the experiment: its description will be the subject of this communication. Ed: Flow-type calorimeter used. Ni wire used as connectors. Open cell but with gas production measured. 11W excess @ 8W applied. Addition of D2O temporarlly stopped energy production. Suggests excess is associated with a phase transition within PdD lattice, and is a surface phenomenon | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=49 | ||
| 317 | Journal Article | Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Capponi, M., De Castro, S., Marconi, U., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Semprini-Cesari, N., Trombini, A., Vitale, A., Zoccoli, A., Jones, S. E., Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Palmer, E. P. | 1989 | Experimental evidence of cold nuclear fusion in a measurement under the Gran Sasso Massif | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 101A | Experimental evidence of cold nuclear fusion in a measurement under the Gran Sasso Massif | neutron, Ti, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 318 | Journal Article | Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Capponi, M., De Castro, S., Marconi, U., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Semprini-Cesari, N., Trombini, A., Vitale, A., Zoccoli, A., Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Jones, S. E., Palmer, E. P. | 1990 | First experimental results at the Gran Sasso Laboratory on cold nuclear fusion in titanium electrodes | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | First experimental results at the Gran Sasso Laboratory on cold nuclear fusion in titanium electrodes | Ti, electrolysis, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 319 | Journal Article | Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Bystritsky, V. M., Capponi, M., De Castro, S., Cereda, B., Dugar-Zhabon, V. D., Ferretti, A., Galli, D., Giacobbe, B., Kirpal, V. I., Knyazev, A. I., Kravchenko, I. M., Marconi, U., Massa, I., Merzlyakov, S. I., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Poly, M., Rivkis, L. A., Samsonenko, N. V., Semprini-Cesari, N., Shvetsov, V. N., Sidorov, V. T., Smirnov, V. N., Sorokin, S. I., Spighi, R., Starshin, E. P., Stolupin, V. A., Strelkov, A. V., Vecchi, S., Vezzani, A., Villa, M., Vitale, A., Wozniak, J., Zavattini, G., Zhuravlev, N. I., Zoccoli, A. | 1996 | Negative result of an experiment aimed at verifying the hypothesis that cold and hot nuclear fusion occurs in Ti/(D-T) and ZrNbV/(D-T) systems | Phys. At. Nucl., Vol = 59 | Negative result of an experiment aimed at verifying the hypothesis that cold and hot nuclear fusion occurs in Ti/(D-T) and ZrNbV/(D-T) systems | neutron, Ti, Zr-Nb-V, tritium, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 320 | Journal Article | Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Bystritsky, V. M., Capponi, M., De Castro, S., Cereda, B., Ferretti, A., Florkowski, T., Galli, D., Giacobbe, B., Gushchin, V. V., Marconi, U., Massa, I., Moroni, C., Piccinini, M., Poly, M., Rivkis, L. A., Sakharov, V. I., Semprini-Cesari, N., Spighi, R., Stolupin, V. A., Tebus, V. N., Vecchi, S., Vezzani, A., Villa, M., Vitale, A., Wozniak, J., Zavattini, G., Zoccoli, A. | 1996 | Absence of tritium yield in metal-deuterium systems' | Phys. At. Nucl., Vol = 59 | Absence of tritium yield in metal-deuterium systems' | Ti, D2, tritium, Zr, Nb, La, Ni, Al | ||||||||
| 321 | Conference Proceedings | Bertolotti, M., Liakhou, G. L., Li Voti, R., Paoloni, S., Sibilia, C., Violante, V. | 1998 | Nondestructive Evaluation of the Thermal Properties of Palladium-Hydrogen Compounds by Photothermal Techniques | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 22 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Nondestructive Evaluation of the Thermal Properties of Palladium-Hydrogen Compounds by Photothermal Techniques | thermal conductivity, PdH, resistivity ICCF-7 | In recent years the photothermal techniques have been successfully applied to investigate the thermal properties of solid samples subjected to a surface treatment [ 1 ] . In many cases the treatment causes a microstructural change and, consequently, a change of the surface thermal properties. In the pal1adium-hydrogen compounds the loading process generates both a high hydrogen concentration and a high concentration gradient at the surface which creates a stress field [2] . Such a situation could inhibit the heat conduction and diffusion because of the production of defects and dislocations [3]. In this sense the thermal diffusivity may be correlated to the hydrogen concentration providing a supplementary information about the quality of the loading processes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=22 | ||
| 322 | Journal Article | Bertulani, C. A., Canto, L. F. | 1992 | Semiclassical calculation of Coulomb break-up of weakly bound nuclei | Nucl. Phys. A, Vol = 539 | Semiclassical calculation of Coulomb break-up of weakly bound nuclei | theory | ||||||||
| 323 | Journal Article | Besenbacher, F., Bech, N. B., Hornshoej, P., Laesgaard, E., Rud, N. | 1990 | Search for cold fusion in plasma-charged Pd-D and Ti-D systems | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 315 | Search for cold fusion in plasma-charged Pd-D and Ti-D systems | gas discharge, neutron, Pd, Ti, layer, Cu, ion implantation | ||||||||
| 324 | Journal Article | Besenbacher, F., Bech, N. B., Noerskov, J. K., Myers, S. M., Nordlander, P. | 1990 | Interaction of hydrogen isotopes with metals: deuterium trapped at lattice defects in palladium | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 257 | Interaction of hydrogen isotopes with metals: deuterium trapped at lattice defects in palladium | Theory, implantation, H2 defect | ||||||||
| 325 | Journal Article | Betteridge, W., Hope, J. | 1974 | The separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures:a process of absorption and desorption by palladium | Pt. Met. Rev., Vol = 18-19 | The separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures:a process of absorption and desorption by palladium | Pd, H, loading, absorption | ||||||||
| 326 | Journal Article | Beuhler, R. J., Friedlander, G., Friedman, L. | 1990 | Cluster-Impact Fusion | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 63 | Cluster-Impact Fusion | cluster Impact, ion bombardment, Ti, D | ||||||||
| 327 | Journal Article | Beuhler, R. J., Chu, Y. Y., Friedlander, G., Friedman, L., Kunnmann, W. | 1991 | Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion by Impact of Heavy-Water Clusters on Deuterated Surfaces | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 94 | Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion by Impact of Heavy-Water Clusters on Deuterated Surfaces | cluster Impact, ion bombardment, Ti Zr, D | ||||||||
| 328 | Journal Article | Beuhler, R. J., Friedlander, G., Friedman, L. | 1992 | Cluster-impact Fusion [Erratum] | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 88 | Cluster-impact Fusion [Erratum] | Cluster Impact | ||||||||
| 329 | Journal Article | Bhadkamkar, A., Fox, H. | 1996 | Electron Charge Cluster Sparking in Aqueous Solutions | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 62 | Electron Charge Cluster Sparking in Aqueous Solutions | charge cluster, discharge | ||||||||
| 330 | Journal Article | Bharadwaj, S. R., Kerkar, A. S., Tripathi, S. N., Dharwadkar, S. R. | 1991 | The Palladium-Platinum Phase Diagram | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 169 | The Palladium-Platinum Phase Diagram | Pd, Pt, phase diagram | ||||||||
| 331 | Journal Article | Bhattacharjee, J. K., Satpathy, L., Waghmare, Y. R. | 1989 | A possible mechanism of cold fusion | Pramana, Vol = 32 | A possible mechanism of cold fusion | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 332 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P. | 1995 | Excess Heat Measurement in AlLaO3 Doped with Deuterium | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 48 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Excess Heat Measurement in AlLaO3 Doped with Deuterium | proton conductor, heat | We show evidence that solid state electrolytes can be used successfully in 'cold fusion' experiments. We describe in this work that LaAI03 single crystals loaded with deuterium produce excess heat up to 10 times the amount of electrical power applied. No significant amount of neutrons has been detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=65 | ||
| 333 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P., Lonchampt, G., Bonnetain, L., Delepine, J. | 1998 | Electrolysis of LaAlO3 Single Crystals and Ceramics in a Deuteriated Atmosphere | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 27 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Electrolysis of LaAlO3 Single Crystals and Ceramics in a Deuteriated Atmosphere | heat, solid state electrlytes, ICCF-7 | We have measured excess heat in solid state electrolytes, namely Lao.9sA103, in deuterium gas atmospheres. We have shown that an excess heat of 50 mW is observed at 550?, with an input power of 2 mW. However, at 620 C, a temperature decrease has been observed. Those results have been obtained with ceramics, and attempts to do the same with single crystals have fai1ed so far. We believe that both positive and negative tempterature changes cannot be explained by a chemical reaction within the crystal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPelectrolys.pdf | ||
| 334 | Report | Biberian, J. P. | 2002 | Rapport sur L'International Conference on Cold Fusion ICCF9 Pekin, Chine, 20-24 mai 2002 | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 27 | CRMC2-CNRS | Rapport sur L'International Conference on Cold Fusion ICCF9 Pekin, Chine, 20-24 mai 2002 | Trip Report, ICCF9, history | 1 - Introduction La neuvieme conference internationale sur la fusion froide ICCF9 s'est tenue a Pekin en Chine, du 20 au 24 mai. Une centaine de personnes de 15 nationalites differentes y ont participe. Elle etait organisee par le Professeur Xing Z. Li, de l'Universite de Tsinghua. Ce fut l'occasion de prendre connaissance des derniers developpements sur le sujet. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPrapportsur.pdf | |||||
| 335 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P., Lonchampt, G. | 2002 | Deuterium Gas Loading of Palladium Using a Solid State Electrolyte | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China | May 19-25, 2002 | Deuterium Gas Loading of Palladium Using a Solid State Electrolyte | Pd, D2, heat loading, ICCF-9 | ABSTRACT A palladium foil cathode, 50 mm in diameter, 100 ? thick is placed between two anodic palladium foils of same dimensions. A proton conductor layer (poly-ethyleneoxide) (PEO) and phosphoric acid) is deposited between the cathode and the two anodes. The system is placed in a chamber filled with deuterium gas, at a temperature of 75?. At first, deuterium fills the two anodes up to D/Pd = 0.48 measured by pressure decrease. Then a voltage is applied between cathode and anodes, and the cathode gets loaded by D+ electrochemical migration through the solid state electrolyte. Correspondingly, the pressure decreases. Loadings of up to 0.73 have been obtained. When voltages are reversed, the cathode deloads, and the pressure in the chamber increases. This method is well suited to measure over-potentials and absolute loadings. The input power is very low, since the production of D+ ions entering the cathode is close to 100% whereas in liquid electrolyte cells, a small fraction of the ions produced is absorbed by the cathode. Therefore excess heat measurement is easily detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPdeuteriumg.pdf | |||
| 336 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2004 | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science: Cold Fusion | Ann. Fond. Louis de Broglie, Vol = 29, Num = 3, Page = 1095 | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science: Cold Fusion review | review | The discovery of 'Cold Fusion' has been announced officially by a press conference on March 23rd 1989 at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. The shock wave produced by the Pons and Fleischmann announcement is probably unique in history, due to the fact that emails and fax machines helped propagate the good and the bad news altogether at light speed. Hundreds laboratories around the world immediately tried to replicate the experiment. However, details of it were not well known and doing electrochemistry and calorimetry altogether is a difficult art and takes time to master. Therefore most nuclear scientists tried to detect the assumed accompanying radiations produced by the well known reaction D+D producing either He-3 and a neutron or tritium and a proton with equal probability. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPcondensedm.pdf | ||||||
| 337 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P., Lonchampt, G. | 2005 | Excess heat observed during electrolysis of deuterated phosphoric acid with palladium electrodes and a solid state electrolyte in deuterium gas | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Excess heat observed during electrolysis of deuterated phosphoric acid with palladium electrodes and a solid state electrolyte in deuterium gas | proton conductor, heat | ||||||
| 338 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P., Lonchampt, G. | 2005 | Excess heat observed during electrolysis of deuterated phosphoric acid with palladium electrodes and a solid state electrolyte in deuterium gas (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Excess heat observed during electrolysis of deuterated phosphoric acid with palladium electrodes and a solid state electrolyte in deuterium gas (PowerPoint slides) | proton conductor, heat | ||||||
| 339 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P., Armanet, N. | 2007 | Excess Heat Production During Diffusion Of Deuterium Through Palladium Tubes | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Excess Heat Production During Diffusion Of Deuterium Through Palladium Tubes | gas loading, excess heat | Abstract: We have developed a mass flow calorimeter enabling us to measure accurately excess heat production during deuterium diffusion through the walls of palladium tubes. The experiment consists usually of a palladium tube 10 cm long, 2mm outer diameter with 200 μm thick walls, and closed at one end. Deuterium gas is introduced in the tube at various pressures, and temperatures and diffuses out through the walls of the tube. The tube, heated by a resistor, is positioned inside a reactor cell which is a small vacuum chamber. The reactor cell is positioned inside a second vacuum chamber. The outer walls of the vacuum chamber are water cooled. Thermal energy is determined by measuring inlet and outlet temperatures and water mass flow. The energy yield of this calorimeter is 95-98 % depending on input power. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPexcessheatd.pdf | |||||
| 340 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P., Armanet, N. | 2007 | Excess Heat During Diffusion of Deuterium Through Palladium | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Excess Heat During Diffusion of Deuterium Through Palladium | gas loading, excess heat | Following the work by several researchers we have undertaken experiments with deuterium gas flowing through the walls of a palladium tube. Tubes were heated at various temperatures and either filled with palladium powder or palladium compounds or empty. Our mass flow calorimeter enables us to accurately measure excess heat production. We usually used palladium tubes 10 cm long, 2 mm outer diameter with 200 ?m thick walls, and closed at one end. Deuterium gas is introduced in the tube at various pressures, and temperatures and diffuses out through the walls of the tube. Thermal energy is determined by measuring inlet and outlet temperatures of cooling water and its mass flow. The energy yield of this calorimeter is 95-98% depending on input power. Our best result so far is an excess heat of 3 W with an input power of 47 W using an oxidized palladium tube filled with palladium powder. In addition to these results we describe an experiment where temperature oscillations have been measured, indicating the importance of temperature in excess heat production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPexcessheatc.pdf | |||||
| 341 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2007 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf | |||||||
| 342 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2007 | Condensed matter nuclear science (cold fusion): an update | Int. J. Nucl. Energy Sci. Technol., Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 31 | Condensed matter nuclear science (cold fusion): an update | cold fusion condensed matter nuclear science low-energy nuclear reaction excess heat transmutations | Seventeen years after the announcement by Professors Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann of the discovery of cold fusion in March 1989, the scientific community does not acknowledge this field as a genuine scientific research theme. However, the scientific demonstration of cold fusion was made long ago by showing the evidence of excess heat production in electrolytic cells and other devices. Also, nuclear ashes have been observed, mainly the formation of helium-4 along with the production of excess heat. What makes this field difficult to accept is the lack of the usual particle emission observed in nuclear science or high-energy physics. In some instances low-level neutron production, X-ray emission and transmutation of elements have been measured. At this point there is no satisfactory theory explaining the unique characteristics of condensed matter nuclear science. Many models have been proposed, several of them using textbook physics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPcondensedma.pdf | ||||||
| 343 | Conference Proceedings | Biberian, J. P. | 2008 | Cold Fusion by Gas Loading: A Review | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Cold Fusion by Gas Loading: A Review | gas loading | |||||||
| 344 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P., Armanet, N. | 2008 | An update on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (cold fusion) | Ann. Fond. Louis de Broglie, Vol = 33, Num = 1 | An update on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (cold fusion) review | review | ABSTRACT. The discovery of Cold Fusion was announced on March 23, 1989 at a press conference at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. The two discoverers: Stan Pons and Martin Fleischmann described their electrochemical device that produces more heat than the electric energy used to run it. Since then lot of progress has been made, and it is more and more obvious that this phenomenon now named Condensed Matter Nuclear Science is a genuine scientific research field with many important potential applications. It is the purpose of this paper to present an update of the worldwide research. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPanupdateon.pdf | ||||||
| 345 | Book Section | Biberian, J. P. | 2009 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in Gas Phase: A Comprehensive Review | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in Gas Phase: A Comprehensive Review | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch002 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch002 | ||||||
| 346 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2009 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseda.pdf | |||||||
| 347 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2009 | Unexplained Explosion During an Electrolysis Experiment in an Open Cell Mass Flow Calorimeter | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | Unexplained Explosion During an Electrolysis Experiment in an Open Cell Mass Flow Calorimeter | explosion, Pd, D2O | While running an electrochemical cell designed to measure excess heat with a hollow palladium cathode and a platinum wire anode in heavy water, an explosion occurred. The Dewar that contained the experiment shattered. It is unlikely that the explosion was due to a deuterium oxygen recombination explosive reaction, since the cell was open, the amount of deuterium and oxygen gas was very limited in the cell and any pressure created by recombination should have escaped through the unsealed open end of the cell. It is very likely that under some not yet understood conditions, chain reactions occur in highly loaded palladium samples giving rise to an explosion. Several experimentalists before have already observed this same phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPunexplaine.pdf | ||||||
| 348 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2010 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf | |||||||
| 349 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2011 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf | |||||||
| 350 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2011 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf | |||||||
| 351 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2012 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf | |||||||
| 352 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2012 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedf.pdf | |||||||
| 353 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2012 | Biological Transmutations: Historical Perspective | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | 11 Biological Transmutations: Historical Perspective | Biological transmutations, Cold fusion, History, LENR | In this review paper, it is shown that in biological systems, chemical elements can be transmuted into other elements. These facts have been established since the early 19th century, but they have been ignored by established science ever since. The purpose of this work is to show how during the past two centuries, a number of experimentalists have questioned the mass conservation law established by Antoine Lavoisier [1] for chemical reactions. They have proved experimentally in plants, bacteria and other living organisms, some elements are transmuted into other elements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedf.pdf#page=16 | ||||||
| 354 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2012 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf | |||||||
| 355 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2012 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf | |||||||
| 356 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2013 | Comments Regarding the Storms Paper | Infinite Energy | 13 Comments Regarding the Storms Paper theory | theory, critique | The paper, 'Cold Fusion from a Chemist's Point of View', is divided in two parts. In the first part, Storms explains the difference between hot fusion and cold fusion. The mechanisms of hot fusion and cold fusion cannot be the same. For example, in fractofusion the mechanism is identical to hot fusion (it is not LENR), and the reaction products are the same as those of hot fusion. Cold fusion operates under a different mechanism. Storms assumes that hot fusion operates under the basic laws of thermodynamics which explain the data observed. On the other hand, cold fusion operates under the laws of statistics. This is the explanation of the different behaviors between hot and cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPcommentsre.pdf | ||||||
| 357 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2013 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Infinite Energy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion Proceedings of the ICCF 16 Conference, February 6?11, 2011, Chennai, India | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedi.pdf | |||||||
| 358 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2013 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Infinite Energy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf | |||||||
| 359 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2013 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Infinite Energy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf | |||||||
| 360 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2014 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Infinite Energy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion Proceedings of the ICCF 17 Conference, August 12?17, 2012, Daejeon, Korea | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf | |||||||
| 361 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2014 | Cold Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | Cold Fusion | Solid-State, electrochemistry, deuterium diffusion, plasma electrolysis. | This paper is a review of the work I have performed on the subject of Cold Fusion alone or in cooperation with other scientists. It covers a number of fields like solid-state electrolytes, electrolysis, gas diffusion. The experiments described below are the one having given positive results. However, many other attempts have failed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPcoldfusiona.pdf | ||||||
| 362 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P., Parchamazad, I., Miles, M. | 2014 | Possible Role of Oxides in the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 38-43 Possible Role of Oxides in the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | excess heat | The mechanism of the Fleischmann-Pons effect is not yet fully understood. It appears that in many occasions an oxide layer, or an insulating one covers the surface of the active material. In this paper we list a number of experiments displaying such a situation, and suggest possible role of these layers. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPpossiblero.pdf | ||||||
| 363 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2014 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf | |||||||
| 364 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2015 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion Proceedings of the ICCF18 Conference, July 21?27, 2013, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, U.S.A. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf | |||||||
| 365 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P., Valat, M., Sigaut, W., Clauzon, P., Fauvarque, J. | 2015 | Pressurized Plasma Electrolysis Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 190 Pressurized Plasma Electrolysis Experiments | Cold fusion, Electrolysis, High pressure, Plasma | We have performed a plasma electrolysis experiment for the first time at a pressure of 5 x 10^5 Pa in a specially designed calorimeter. The cathode was a 2 mm tungsten rod, and the anode was a stainless-steel foil. The electrolyte was 0.6 mol K2CO3 in light water. In one instance, we observed excess heat of 20 W for 90 min. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=197 | ||||||
| 366 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2015 | Preface | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | Preface | I met John Bockris only once, in 2003, during the ICCF 10 conference in Boston. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=5 | |||||||
| 367 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2015 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf | |||||||
| 368 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2015 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf | |||||||
| 369 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2015 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedq.pdf | |||||||
| 370 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2015 | Biological transmutations | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 633 Biological transmutations | Biological transmutations, cold fusion, low energy nuclear reactions | http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/108/04/0633.pdf | |||||||
| 371 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2016 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion Proceedings of the ICCF 19 Conference, April 13?17, 2015, Padua, Italy | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf | |||||||
| 372 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2016 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseds.pdf | |||||||
| 373 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2016 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf | |||||||
| 374 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2016 | A Tribute to Georges Lonchampt | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | A Tribute to Georges Lonchampt | Boil-off, Cold fusion, Electrolysis, Lonchampt, Solid state electrolyte | Georges Lonchampt was one of the few French researchers who, from day one, worked on Cold Fusion. He started performing his own experiments, and later worked with Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons. He successfully reproduced the two scientists? original experiment, and was the only one able to successfully replicate the boil-off experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 375 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2017 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedu.pdf | |||||||
| 376 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2017 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedv.pdf | |||||||
| 377 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2017 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Sendai, Japan, October 02?07, 2016 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf | |||||||
| 378 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2017 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf | |||||||
| 379 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2018 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen Loaded Metals, Asti, Italy, June 5?9, 2017 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf | |||||||
| 380 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2018 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf | |||||||
| 381 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2019 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedza.pdf | |||||||
| 382 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2019 | Biological Transmutations | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | Biological Transmutations | Biological transmutations, Cold fusion, ICP, Kervran, Transmutations | For nearly 20 years, with many collaborators, I have studied biological transmutations, measuring the contents of seeds, bacteria, embryo cells and algae, before and after their growth. I have measured variations in their mineral composition indicating that it is very likely that transmutations occur in living systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedza.pdf#page=27 | ||||||
| 383 | Journal Article | Biberian, J. P. | 2019 | Anomalous Isotopic Distribution of Silver in a Palladium Cathode | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Anomalous Isotopic Distribution of Silver in a Palladium Cathode | Electrochemistry, Isotopes, Palladium, Silver, Transmutation | This paper demonstrates that during cold fusion experiments by electrolysis of heavy water with palladium cathodes, there is production of silver. By Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy, it is shown that silver detected is not due to contamination, but probably to transmutation of palladium by absorption of a deuterium nucleus, because only the 107Ag-isotope is present, and not 109Ag, as in natural silver. Another important result of this study is the determination of the depth at which the reaction occurs: 1.3 microm below the cathode surface. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=220 | ||||||
| 384 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2019 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf | |||||||
| 385 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2020 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzc.pdf | |||||||
| 386 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2020 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf | |||||||
| 387 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2020 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedze.pdf | |||||||
| 388 | Edited Book | Biberian, J. P. | 2020 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. | Experiments and Methods in Cold Fusion Proceedings of the ICCF 22 Conference, September 8?13, 2019, Assisi, Italy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf | |||||||
| 389 | Journal Article | Bigeleisen, J., Kerr, E. C. | 1963 | Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Dilute Solutions of HT in e-H2 and DT in e-D2 from the Triple Points to the Critical Temperatures of the Solutions | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 39 | Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Dilute Solutions of HT in e-H2 and DT in e-D2 from the Triple Points to the Critical Temperatures of the Solutions | H, tritium D, fractionation, separation | ||||||||
| 390 | Report | Bihl, V., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G. | 1965 | Experimente Zur Darstellung Von Temperaturfesten Metall-Tritium Systemen | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 39 | Philips Corporation | Library, Repository hosted by TU Delft Experimente Zur Darstellung Von Temperaturfesten Metall-Tritium Systemen | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity | This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library: http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:7d20843d-41d4-424b-a52a-a5f312168d94/tn2014-00268.pdf The paper is in German. It includes a Summary in English: The following experiments deal with the preparation of titanium-tritium and zirkonium-tritium systems, which are stable against heating. It could be shown that such systems suitable as priming agent in gas discharge tubes can be prepared by heating the fine dispersed metals in a tritium atmosphere. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BihlVexperiment.pdf | |||||
| 391 | Journal Article | Birgul, O., Celebi, S., Ozdural, A., Pekmez, K., Yildiz, A., Yurum, Y., Doga-Turk | 1990 | Electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium using surface modified palladium electrodes | J. Eng. Env. Sci., Vol = 14, Num = 3, Page = 373 | Electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium using surface modified palladium electrodes | gamma emission electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O heat | ||||||||
| 392 | Journal Article | Biris, A., Bucur, R. V., Ghete, P., Indrea, E., Lupu, D. | 1997 | Solubility of Deuterium in LaNi5 | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 49 | Solubility of Deuterium in LaNi5 | D2, LaNi5, phase diagram, solubility, pressure | ||||||||
| 393 | Journal Article | Birnbaum, H. K., Buckley, C., Zeides, F., Sirois, E., Rozenak, P., Spooner, S., Lin, J. S. | 1997 | Hydrogen in aluminum | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Hydrogen in aluminum | H, Al, lattice parameter, AlH, loading | ||||||||
| 394 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Generating Lots of Heat, Little Light | The Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Cold Fusion Generating Lots of Heat, Little Light | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 395 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1989 | Cold Comfort on Cold Fusion Front | The Wall Street Journal | NYEditor | Cold Comfort on Cold Fusion Front | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 396 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1989 | Heat Source in Fusion Find May Be Mystery Reaction and Brigham Young Physicists Reveal Details of Second H-Fusion Discovery and Will New Energy Sources Soon Power U.S.? | Wall Street Journal | Heat Source in Fusion Find May Be Mystery Reaction and Brigham Young Physicists Reveal Details of Second H-Fusion Discovery and Will New Energy Sources Soon Power U.S.? | newspaper, history | ||||||||
| 397 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E., Schlesinger, J. M. | 1989 | Japan's Cold Fusion Effort Produces Startling Claims of Bursts of Neutrons | The Wall Street Journal | NYEditor | Japan's Cold Fusion Effort Produces Startling Claims of Bursts of Neutrons | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 398 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E., Wells, K. | 1989 | Taming H-Bombs? : Utah Scientists Claim Breakthrough in Quest for Fusion Energy | The Wall Street Journal | NYEditor | Taming H-Bombs? : Utah Scientists Claim Breakthrough in Quest for Fusion Energy | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 399 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1990 | Cold Fusion' Chemists Reiterate Claim; Other Scientists Report Similar Results | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Cold Fusion' Chemists Reiterate Claim; Other Scientists Report Similar Results | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 400 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1990 | 'Cold Fusion' Gets Cold Shoulder From Many a Year After Findings | The Wall Street Journal | NYEditor | 'Cold Fusion' Gets Cold Shoulder From Many a Year After Findings | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 401 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1990 | Cold Fusion' May Keep Earth's Core Molten | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Cold Fusion' May Keep Earth's Core Molten | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 402 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1990 | Future of Hot Fusion is Boiling Down to the Behavior of a Few Helium Atoms | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Future of Hot Fusion is Boiling Down to the Behavior of a Few Helium Atoms | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 403 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1990 | Scientist Says `Cold Fusion' Tests May Have Had Some Impure Rods | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Scientist Says `Cold Fusion' Tests May Have Had Some Impure Rods | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 404 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Research Dispels Some Doubts | The Wall Street Journal | Cold Fusion Research Dispels Some Doubts | history, newspaper | ||||||||
| 405 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1991 | Utah Funds for Cold Fusion Run Low Just as Concept Gets Boost From Navy | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Utah Funds for Cold Fusion Run Low Just as Concept Gets Boost From Navy | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 406 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1991 | 'Cold Fusion' Researcher Asserts Dozens of Tests Can't be 'Ignored' | The Wall Street Journal | NYEditor | 'Cold Fusion' Researcher Asserts Dozens of Tests Can't be 'Ignored' | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 407 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1991 | Cold Fusion Verdict May Be Delivered Soon | Wall Street Journal | NYEditor | Cold Fusion Verdict May Be Delivered Soon | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 408 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1992 | Predictable Heat Source Reported from `Heavy' Water Electrolysis | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Predictable Heat Source Reported from `Heavy' Water Electrolysis | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 409 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E., Schlesinger, J. M. | 1992 | Researcher Claims to Replicate Japanese Experiments in `Cold Fusion' | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Researcher Claims to Replicate Japanese Experiments in `Cold Fusion' | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 410 | Newspaper Article | Bishop, J. E. | 1996 | A Bottle Rekindles Scientific Debate About the Possibility of Cold Fusion | Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Feb. 1996 A Bottle Rekindles Scientific Debate About the Possibility of Cold Fusion | history | |||||||
| 411 | Journal Article | Bittner, M., Meister, A., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Wuestner, P. | 1990 | Method for investigation of fusion reactions in condensed matter | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Method for investigation of fusion reactions in condensed matter | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 412 | Conference Proceedings | Bittner, M., Meister, A., Seeliger, D., Schwierz, R., Westner, P. | 1991 | Observation of D-D Fusion Neutrons During Degassing of Deuterium Loaded Palladium | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 181 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Observation of D-D Fusion Neutrons During Degassing of Deuterium Loaded Palladium | Pd, D2, neutron, fractofusion, ICCF-2 | Introduction Many experiments and charging palladium with deuterium, either electrolytically or by gas absorption, indicate a production of fast neutrons or other products of d-d fusion reactions accompanying the charging process under special, hitherto not fully understood conditions, see e.g. Ref. [1]. These results need further work towards experimental confirmation and understanding of underlying physical processes. At the Dresden University of Technology after a first experiment confirming a very small neutron production during electrolytic charging the palladium cathodes with deuterium further studies of the phenomenon of nuclear fusion in condensed matter work carried out, which systematically hint at a week neutron production as a typical function of the period of charging. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=196 | ||
| 413 | Journal Article | Bittner, M., Ludwig, G., Meister, A., Muller, J., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Stiehl, P., Wiesener, K., Wustner, P. | 1991 | Evidence for the production of d-d fusion neutrons during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into a palladium cylinder | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Evidence for the production of d-d fusion neutrons during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into a palladium cylinder | electrolysis, Pd, large current, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 414 | Journal Article | Bittner, M., Meister, A., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Wuestner, P. | 1991 | Indication for the temporary production of deuteron-deuteron fusion neutrons during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into a massive palladium slab | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Indication for the temporary production of deuteron-deuteron fusion neutrons during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into a massive palladium slab | electrolysis, neutron, electrolysis, theory, plasma screening PdD | ||||||||
| 415 | Journal Article | Bittner, M., Meister, A., Ohms, D., Paffrath, E., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Wuestner, P. | 1991 | Emission of DD-fusion neutrons from a massive palladium cyclinder during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into the metal' | Isotopenpraxis, Vol = 27 | Emission of DD-fusion neutrons from a massive palladium cyclinder during electrolytic infusion of deuterons into the metal' | electrolysis, Pd, large current, neutron | ||||||||
| 416 | Journal Article | Bittner, M., Meister, A., Seeliger, D., Schwierz, R., Wuestner, P. | 1993 | Observation of d-d fusion neutrons during degassing of deuterium-loaded palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Observation of d-d fusion neutrons during degassing of deuterium-loaded palladium | Pd, neutron, deloading, energy | ||||||||
| 417 | Magazine Article | Bjerklie, D., Nash, J. M., Thompson, D. T. | 1989 | Fusion Illusion? | Time | Fusion Illusion? | history | ||||||||
| 418 | Journal Article | Blagus, S., Bogovac, M., Hodko, D., Krcmar, M., Miljanic, D., Tomas, P., Vajic, M., Vukovic, M. | 1989 | Search for neutron production during heavy water electrolysis on palladium electrodes | Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., Vol = 333 | Search for neutron production during heavy water electrolysis on palladium electrodes | electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O, layer, surface | ||||||||
| 419 | Journal Article | Blagus, S., Bogovac, M., Drasner, A., Vukovic, M. | 1994 | Evidence for neutron production during heavy water electrolysis on palladium electrode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Evidence for neutron production during heavy water electrolysis on palladium electrode | sintered Pd, electrolysis, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 420 | Journal Article | Blanchard, R. | 1998 | Fizzion a new process for low energy nuclear transformation and energy production | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Fizzion a new process for low energy nuclear transformation and energy production | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 421 | Journal Article | Blaschko, O., Fratzl, P., Klemencic, R. | 1981 | Model for the Structural Changes at Low Temperatures in PdDx | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 24 | Model for the Structural Changes at Low Temperatures in PdDx | PdD, structure, bonding | ||||||||
| 422 | Journal Article | Blaser, J. P., Haas, O., Ptitjean, C., Barbero, C., Bertl, W., Lou, K., Mathias, M., Baumann, P., Daniel, H., Hartmann, J., Hechtl, E., Ackerbauer, P., Kammel, P., Scrinzi, A., Zmeskal, H., Kozlowski, T., Kipfer, R., Baur, H., Signr, P., Wieler, R. | 1989 | Experimental investigation of cold fusion phenomena in palladium | Chimia, Vol = 43 | Experimental investigation of cold fusion phenomena in palladium | electrolysis heat-, neutron-, gamma emission, tritium, Helium, D2O, Pd, layer, surface, negative | ||||||||
| 423 | Journal Article | Blencoe, J. G., Naney, M. T., Wesolowski, D. J., Perey, F. G. | 1990 | Tests for 'cold fusion' in the Pd-D2 and Ti-D2 systems at 40-380 MPa and -196-27 degC | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Tests for 'cold fusion' in the Pd-D2 and Ti-D2 systems at 40-380 MPa and -196-27 degC | Pd, Ti, heat-, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 424 | Conference Proceedings | Blloshmi, H. | 2019 | Cold Fusion Invention | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Cold Fusion Invention | In the press conference held 23 April 1989, Dr. Martin Fleischmann said: 'What we have done is to open the door of new research area, our indication is that the discovery will be relatively easy to make into a usable technology for generating heat and power, but continued work is needed to further understand the science and secondly, to determine its value to energy economics.? Drs. Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons announced at the University of Utah 'that they had captured the secret of the Sun's energy in a test tube at room temperature.? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BlloshmiHcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 425 | Journal Article | Bochler, S., Schlapbach, L., Monnier, R., Degiorgi, L. | 1987 | 3d Photoemission from Mixed Valent YbH2.6 | J. de Physique, Colloque C9, Supp., Vol = 48, Num = 12, Page = 947 | 3d Photoemission from Mixed Valent YbH2.6 | photoemission, YbH | ||||||||
| 426 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., McBreen, J., Lewis, L. | 1965 | The Hydrogen Evolution Kinetics and Hydrogen Entry into a-Iron | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 112 | The Hydrogen Evolution Kinetics and Hydrogen Entry into a-Iron | Fe, hydrogen, reaction, FeH | ||||||||
| 427 | Book | Bockris, J., Reddy, A. K. N. | 1970 | Modern electrochemistry; an introduction to an interdisciplinary area | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 112 | Plenum Press | New York | Modern electrochemistry; an introduction to an interdisciplinary area | |||||||
| 428 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Subramanyan, P. K. | 1971 | The equivalent pressure of molecular hydrogen in cavities within metals in terms of the overpotential developed during the evolution of hydrogen | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 16 | The equivalent pressure of molecular hydrogen in cavities within metals in terms of the overpotential developed during the evolution of hydrogen | pressure, cracks, Pd, H2O, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 429 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1990 | About the alleged presence of tritium in some palladium electrodes and journalist Gary Taubes article in Science | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 16 | About the alleged presence of tritium in some palladium electrodes and journalist Gary Taubes article in Science | history | ||||||||
| 430 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1990 | The Answer to the Conundrum at Texas A & M: Accusations of Fraud in an Article Published by 'Science | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 16 | The Answer to the Conundrum at Texas A & M: Accusations of Fraud in an Article Published by 'Science | history | ||||||||
| 431 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J., Hodko, D. | 1990 | Is There Evidence for Fusion Under Solid State Confinement | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 1 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Is There Evidence for Fusion Under Solid State Confinement | review, history | |||||
| 432 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J., Lin, G. H., Kainthla, R. C., Packham, N. J. C., Velev, O. A. | 1990 | Does Tritium Form at Electrodes by Nuclear Reactions? | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 137 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | 1990 | Does Tritium Form at Electrodes by Nuclear Reactions? | Pd, D2O, tritium ICCF-1 | This paper reports tritium formed in LiOD D2O solutions in which Pd cathodes are used to evolve D2 . Electrolysis was carried out for up to 4? months. Excess heat has been observed from 5 electrodes out of 28, tritium in 15 out of 53 but 9 out of 13 if the electrodes are limited to 1 mm diameter. Steady state tritium concentrations were 10^4-10^7 disintegrations min^-1 ml^-1. A weak correlation may exist between heat observed and tritium produced. The rate of production of tritium was c. 10^10 atoms cm^-2 sec-1. The branching ratio of tritium to neutrons was ~ 10^8. A theoretical dendrite enhanced fusion model is suggested. Growing gas layer breakdown occurs at sufficiently high surface potential dendrite tips and correspondingly fusion reactions occur. The model gives quantitative consistence with experiment, especially the sporadic nature and the observed branching ratio. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJdoestritiu.pdf | ||
| 433 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1990 | Addition to 'A review of the investigations of the Fleischmann-Pons phenomena' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Addition to 'A review of the investigations of the Fleischmann-Pons phenomena' | review, tritium | ||||||||
| 434 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Lin, G. H., Packham, N. J. C. | 1990 | A review of the investigations of the Fleischmann-Pons phenomena | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | A review of the investigations of the Fleischmann-Pons phenomena | Review | ||||||||
| 435 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Hodko, D. | 1990 | Is there evidence for cold fusion? | Chem. & Ind., Vol = 22 | Is there evidence for cold fusion? | review | ||||||||
| 436 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z. | 1991 | Fugacity of hydrogen isotopes in metals: degradation, cracking and cold fusion | Symp. Hydrogen Storage Materials, Batteries, Electrochemistry 1991 | 1991 | Fugacity of hydrogen isotopes in metals: degradation, cracking and cold fusion | Hydrogen, cracking, pressure | |||||||
| 437 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z. | 1991 | The Mechanism of Deuterium Evolution on Palladium: Relation to Heat Bursts Provoked By Fluxing Deuterium Across the Interface | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 337 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | The Mechanism of Deuterium Evolution on Palladium: Relation to Heat Bursts Provoked By Fluxing Deuterium Across the Interface | heat+, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, loading, pulse, overvoltage ICCF-2 | In spite of the electrochemical approach taken by Fleischmann and Pons, most of the research either too has concentrated upon manifesting nuclear effects (neutron omission, tritium formation) and there has been little investigation of the situation of the surface chemistry of the palladium electrode, a mechanism by which molecular deuterium is formed or that by which adsorbed D diffuses inside the palladium, - and what its fugacity there would be. These factors may have a determinative influence on the triggering of the diffusional effects, influencing not only the D/Pd ratio, but also internal cracking. Information on the relation between the surface characteristics and the fugacity may point to us conditions for the initiation of fusion. In the present paper an interim report is given on the results of about on and one-half year's work of one sub-group at Texas A&M. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=352 | ||
| 438 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1991 | How Physicists and Chemists Differ | 21st Century Sci. & Technol., Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 65-66 | How Physicists and Chemists Differ | history | ||||||||
| 439 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1991 | Cold fusion II: The Story Continues | New Scientist, Vol = 19 | Cold fusion II: The Story Continues | history | ||||||||
| 440 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J., Chien, C. C., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z. | 1992 | Tritium and Helium Production in Palladium Electrodes and the Fugacity of Deuterium Therein | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 231 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Tritium and Helium Production in Palladium Electrodes and the Fugacity of Deuterium Therein | Pd, D2O, tritium, helium, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | An account is given of the massive production of tritium at a Pd electrode. Production continued for ~ 750 hours after which time it was arbitrarily curtailed. Production of T was found to cease every few days but could be resuscitated by increasing the overpotential of the electrode reaction. A logarithmic relation between the rate of tritium production and the overpotential of the electrode reaction was established. The Will-Cedzynska method of examining T contamination in specimens has shown that nothing above the background of T was detected if no D2O had been electrolytically evolved on the Pd specimens concerned. Helium production was found to accompany that of T. The He was analyzed by thermal expulsion and mass spectroscopy. No He3 was found but He4 was measured in nine specimens out of ten examined. Voids were also detected - 1 micron within the electrode. The excess tritium production on Pd co-deposited with deuterium was found. Cracking and spreading of cracks is shown. An attempt was made to calculate the amount of hydrogen trapped in cracks and to calculate the standard free energy of trapping. Massive tritium produced during electrolysis of a Pd rod. Various events caused production to stop. Production could be started by increasing the cell voltage(current?). Helium was also produced. Possible tritium contamination was measured and found to be absent. Helium-4 but not He-3 was found to be present after tritium production. Experiment particle | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=233 | ||
| 441 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Chien, C. C., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z. | 1992 | Cold fusion as a consequence of high fugacity among hydrogen isotopes | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 17 | Cold fusion as a consequence of high fugacity among hydrogen isotopes | theory, fugacity, pressure, OCV | ||||||||
| 442 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1994 | Were the Seeds of the Decay of the West Sown in 1650? | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 17 | Were the Seeds of the Decay of the West Sown in 1650? | history, review | ||||||||
| 443 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Sundaresan, R. | 1994 | Electrochemistry, Tritium, and Transmutation | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 17 | Electrochemistry, Tritium, and Transmutation | tritium, electrolysis, transmutation, Fe, review | ||||||||
| 444 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J., Sundaresan, R. | 1994 | Electrochemistry, Tritium and Transmutation | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 109 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Electrochemistry, Tritium and Transmutation | review | ||||
| 445 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J., Sundaresan, R., Letts, D., Minevski, Z. | 1994 | Triggering of Heat and Sub-Surface Changes in Pd-D Systems | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 1 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Triggering of Heat and Sub-Surface Changes in Pd-D Systems | heat+, Pd, D2O, RF, magnet, overvoltage, theory, OCV, high frequency, theory, ICCF-4 | I. INTRODUCTION More than four years after the first reports of chemically stimulated nuclear reactions, the triggering of heat evolution and the production of associated nuclear debris remains a highly uncertain matter. Both the duration of the switch-on time and, indeed, whether a given electrode will commence to show nuclear activity within 500 hours of the beginning of electrolysis, remain unclear. In the present study, three methods of triggering anomalous heat are described. The changes in the sub-surface of palladium during the evolution of D2 or H2 are described as a function of potential, temperature and time. Finally, these results are evaluated against the present theories of heat production in metals.? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJtriggering.pdf | |||
| 446 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Bush, R. T., Lin, G. H., Monti, R. A. | 1995 | Lattice assisted nuclear transformation (LANT) | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 1 | Lattice assisted nuclear transformation (LANT) | review, transmutation | ||||||||
| 447 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1996 | The complex conditions needed to obtain nuclear heat from D-Pd systems | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 210 | The complex conditions needed to obtain nuclear heat from D-Pd systems | theory, Pd, Deuterium, electrolysis, D2O, crack | ||||||||
| 448 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Minevski, Z. | 1996 | Two zones of 'Impurities' observed after prolonged electrolysis of deuterium on palladium | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 5/6, Page = 67 | Two zones of 'Impurities' observed after prolonged electrolysis of deuterium on palladium | transmutation, electrolysis, surface analysis, Pd, D2O | In experiments carried out recently in which hydrogen was electrolyzed from water in contact with a palladium electrode, the concentration and depth of impurities were measured as a function of electrolysis time. It was found that after 3 weeks, two different sets of impurities could be observed, one set within 50? of the surface and another set different chemical spaces, about 1μ inside the metal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJtwozonesof.pdf | ||||||
| 449 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Lin, G. H., Bush, R. T. | 1996 | Do nuclear reactions take place under chemical stimulation? | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 10 | Do nuclear reactions take place under chemical stimulation? | cold fusion, transmutation, theory | ||||||||
| 450 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1998 | Speculative interpretation of overunity experiments involving water electrolysis | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 10 | Speculative interpretation of overunity experiments involving water electrolysis | review | ||||||||
| 451 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Minevski, Z. | 1998 | First experimental establishment of high internal pressure of molecular hydrogen developed in palladium during water electrolysis | J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 23, Num = 12, Page = 1079 | First experimental establishment of high internal pressure of molecular hydrogen developed in palladium during water electrolysis | PdH pressure H2 overvoltage electrolysis | ||||||||
| 452 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1999 | Some happenings at Texas A&M University when unexpected new results in research are obtained | J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 23, Num = 12, Page = 1079 | Some happenings at Texas A&M University when unexpected new results in research are obtained | history | ||||||||
| 453 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1999 | Early Contributions from Workers at Texas A&M University to (So-called) Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. New Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 2 | Early Contributions from Workers at Texas A&M University to (So-called) Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | history | INTRODUCTION: THE SITUATION IN MARCH, 1989 The firm opinion in respect to basic knowledge of the nucleus common among chemists and physicists in March, 1989, was that chemical effects (involving frequencies of ~ 10^14, could not affect the nucleus of atoms with frequencies ~ 10^6 times higher.? It was also believed in March, 1989, that high energy neutrons were the path towards atomic fission, as in nuclear reactors; and that collisions of H isotopes at extremely high temperatures similar to those in the sun, constituted the main path towards the fusion of nuclei. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJearlycontr.pdf | ||||||
| 454 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Mallove, E. | 1999 | Is the Occurrence of Cold Nuclear Reactions Widespread Throughout Nature? | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 27, Page = 29 | Is the Occurrence of Cold Nuclear Reactions Widespread Throughout Nature? | transmutation | The generally accepted idea is that the paper of Fleischmann, Pons, and Hawkins of 1989 gave the first evidence that nuclear reactions occur in the cold in a palladium-deuterium (Pd-D) electrolysis system. However, published accounts on elemental change in solids have been around since before the discovery of the nucleus. Thus, the earliest evidence for creation of new elements was that reported for reactions in biological systems. In view of the wave of negative opinion against the 1989 and thereafter work, it is interesting to note a U.S. Army report of 1978 which concluded that the evidence for nuclear reactions in biology was strongly positive. Even less well-known is that U.S. government labs in the 1970s experimented with neutron emission arising from the passage of very high currents through wires, conditions under which thermonuclear reactions should not have been occurring. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJistheoccur.pdf | ||||||
| 455 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 1999 | Nuclear Transmutation: The reality of cold fusion (Book Review) | Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society, Vol = 19, Num = 5, Page = 439 | Nuclear Transmutation: The reality of cold fusion (Book Review) | history | ||||||||
| 456 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 2000 | Accountability and academic freedom: The battle concerning research on cold fusion at Texas A&M University | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Accountability and academic freedom: The battle concerning research on cold fusion at Texas A&M University | history | CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE FIELD OF LOW TEMPERATURE NUCLEAR REACTIONS FROM GROUPS AT TEXAS A&M Directly after the March 1989 TV announcement by Fleischmann and Pons that they had achieved a nuclear reaction at electrodes in the cold, research began on the phenomenon at Texas A&M. The University was picked by EPRI as a recipient of funds to investigate the field. Thus, it possessed a Thermodynamic Research Center, a Cyclotron group, and three groups in Electrochemistry (Chemistry Department). In addition, there was the Center for Electrochemical Systems and Hydrogen Research in the Texas Engineering Experiment Center, housed in the university. All these groups received funds to explore 'cold fusion.' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJaccountabi.pdf | ||||||
| 457 | Journal Article | Bockris, J., Minevski, Z. | 2000 | The mechansim of the evolution of hydrogen on palladium and associated internal damage phenomena | J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 25 | The mechansim of the evolution of hydrogen on palladium and associated internal damage phenomena | Pd, H, PdH, overvoltage surface cracking damage | ||||||||
| 458 | Conference Proceedings | Bockris, J. | 2004 | The History Of The Discovery Of Transmutation At Texas A&M University | The Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The History Of The Discovery Of Transmutation At Texas A&M University | transmutation, history | Until 1989 I had been a publisher of high temperature physical chemistry, electrochemical and environmental research papers. I was a physical chemist and my contact with nuclear chemistry was only in using it in some tracer techniques. The Fleischmann and Pons announcement of March 1989 was of interest partly because of its radical nature, but also because I had known Martin Fleischmann since his days as a student at the Imperial College of Science and Technology in London. I had easy access to Fleischmann and I therefore could instruct my co-workers (about 20 at the time) about the technique used in the Fleischmann and Pons work. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BockrisJthehistory.pdf | ||||
| 459 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 2012 | Evidence Concerning the Mechanism of the Nuclear Reaction between Deuterium and Tritium | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | 26 Evidence Concerning the Mechanism of the Nuclear Reaction between Deuterium and Tritium | Deuterium, Mechanism, Neutron, Nuclear, Tritium | Both hydrogen and deuterium in their electrolysis on palladium gave linear Tafel lines but each had a kink in it at about 0.35 V overpotential (η). At this value damage begins to be seen in the SEM photographs of the interior of the electrodes. Tritium formation became detectable at an overpotential (η) of about 0.4 V. The reaction occurs in two consecutive steps: the first is a Volmer-Tafel reaction which occurs when the overpotential is less than 0.3 V. But as the measured coverage θD approaches unity, the deuterons begin to discharge onto the adsorbed deuterium (Heyrovsky mechanism). The second (consecutive) step leads to the tritium formation via a neutron transfer from the electrode to the Pd-D bond which at this stage (near to full occupancy by D) is relatively weak. The ready availability of neutrons in the surface region of the metal catalyst is rationalized in terms of the high electron concentration associated with the surface and he presence of D arriving from D2O in the solution: e- + D+ = 2 neutrons + a neutrino. The model is applied to two anomalies which have troubled this reaction. One is irreproducibility and also the long time (100 h or more) before any nuclear activity is seen. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedf.pdf#page=31 | ||||||
| 460 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 2012 | Priority in Nuclear Reactions in the Cold | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | 32 Priority in Nuclear Reactions in the Cold | Fieischmann, Nuclear reactions, Priority, Speri and Zorzi | Fleischman, Pons and Hawkins [1] have been thought to have published the first invitro (but unknown) nuclear reaction in the cold in March 23, 1989. Bockris and Mallove [2] published in 1999 a survey of earlier nuclear reactions in the cold (later condensed matter nuclear reactions). Included in their list was a publication by two Italian engineers Speri and Zorzi [3] which came out in 1989. Drawn by this latter fact, in 2011, I investigated further the Speri and Zorzi paper which Mallove and I had mentioned with only a publication date. I found the paper in an obscure medium and discovered upon being able to read it that Speri and Zorzi had been awarded an Italian patent in 1978. The patent was awarded for the discovery of the fusion of hydrogen isotopes to form helium. The original work was carried out in 1974. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedf.pdf#page=37 | ||||||
| 461 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 2012 | Instrumentation Relevant to Electrochemical Measurements in Condensed Matter Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Instrumentation Relevant to Electrochemical Measurements in Condensed Matter Nuclear Reactions | Anode, Cells, Cathode, IR Drop, Potentiostat, | The typical electrochemical cell consists of four potentials. One of these is spurious: it should be eliminated from the measurement. A method of doing this is described. The major recommendation is that a third or, so called reference electrode, should be involved in all measurements from which structural information is to be taken from the working electrode. This is then attached to the reference electrode and a high resistance volt meter measures the potential of the working electrode with respect to the reference electrode. Alternative reference electrodes are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=15 | ||||||
| 462 | Journal Article | Bockris, J. | 2013 | On Martin Fleischmann: An Obituary and More | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | On Martin Fleischmann: An Obituary and More | Fleischmann, Eagerness, Ideas, Imperial College, Quantum electrodynamics, Royal Society | After receiving a Ph.D. Degree from Imperial College, Fleischmann (F) went to work in the University of Newcastle in the U.K. and spent productive years there (metal deposition, micro-electrodes, and electrochemical extraction from mixtures metals). His reputation grew at a time (1950-1960) when electrochemistry was a popular subject for university research. British Electricity saw their chance to get a star performer down to Southampton University as professor, so they paid for a chair for a person who could attract research support and found that F could fill the job, although it was open to other candidates. Fleischmann occupied the chair for only a few years, less than had been foreseen, and retired from university life some years before it is usual. By this time he already was a Fellow of the Royal Society and also a director of the Max Planck Institute in Berlin. Fleischmann made a colleague of Stanley Pons, head of the Chemistry Department in the University in Utah. Pons (P) was of independent means and could fund research which the two of them might think out together. Fusion means coming together and F saw in electrochemistry a high performance way whereby this might be done. What they found was that the heat evolved in a particular deuterium solution when they passed current through it was larger than it should have been according to known chemical theory. In addition to this they observed some neutrons. They suggested that the extra heat was due to an unknown nuclear reaction. What was unusual about the next step was that F&P got on the McNeil-Lehrer Hour and announced that they had been the first to carry out a nuclear reaction in the cold. After a short time, the nuclear chemists of the world turned against F&P and said that their claims must be all nonsense. The anti-Fleischmann opinion expressed at meetings was so great that they decided that it would be a good thing to escape to some other country. They had a friendship with a very wealthy man, Mr. Toyota, and he had already founded some laboratories in the South of France. He offered F and P laboratory space there and they could move their operation to it free of the negative atmosphere which reigned in America. At first the news which came from the laboratory in France was good. Alas, this was not maintained and after two years they split up and P retired to live in France whilst F retired to Tisbury in the U.K. But F's creativity would not lie down and he was soon to apply something new, Quantum Electrodynamics. He made a colleagueship with a well-known Italian physicist Preparata. However, fate was not kind to F and he discovered that he was suffering from Parkinson's disease. This is a slow disease but it is incurable. However, for a couple of years F continued to attend meetings and make intelligent remarks at them. He died on 3 August 2012. Was F a brilliant theorist who did not have time to realize his true vision or had Jack the Flash, his nickname, flashed too much? The field that could have been his greatest is now called condensed matter nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 463 | Journal Article | Boes, N., Zuchner, H. | 1976 | Electrochemical methods for studying diffusion, permeation and solubility of hydrogen in metals | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 49 | Electrochemical methods for studying diffusion, permeation and solubility of hydrogen in metals | Pd, PdH, diffusion | ||||||||
| 464 | Journal Article | Bok, S., Mathai, C, Gangopadhyay, K., Gangopadhyay, S., Azizi, O., He, J., El-Boher, A., Hubler, G. K., Pease, D. | 2017 | Fluorescence-based Temperature Sensor for Anomalous Heat from Loaded Palladium Electrodes with Deuterium or Hydrogen | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Fluorescence-based Temperature Sensor for Anomalous Heat from Loaded Palladium Electrodes with Deuterium or Hydrogen | Anomalous heat, Fluorescence, Temperature sensor | Anomalous heat generation in palladium-based materials has been studied in various active research groups since M. Fleischmann, and S. Pons demonstrated an anomalous heat in 1989. There have been attempts to explain anomalous heat by deuteron?euteron nuclear fusion in the Pd lattice while the search for radiation was unsuccessful which indicated that the origin of the excess heat is unknown. Despite the unknown origin of the excess heat, Pd system is in the core of the research for energy production. The excess heat has been demonstrated by using calorimeters that are well characterized. However, these measurements are not able to provide detailed information about a localized heat rather than a heat from a large area. A new method is demonstrated to investigate an excess heat from Pd electrode loaded with deuterium or hydrogen. It is capable of measuring a small amount of heat generated in a localized area with a sub-micrometer resolution by fluorescence imaging with temperature sensitive fluorescence dyes. Considering quantum yield, photostability, and thermal stability, rhodamine 6G (R6G) is selected for temperature sensor along with a polymer, Poly MethylSilsesquioxane (PMSSQ). The thermal quenching of fluorescence resulted in a decreased temperature over time with heat generation. We envisioned that this new method of the temperature measurement provided a novel diagnostic tool for localized excess heat which was not detectable by calorimetry due to intrinsic disability. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=37 | ||||||
| 465 | Journal Article | Bonazzola, G. C., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Gianotti, P., Marcello, S., Agnello, M., Iazzi, F. | 1990 | A large-area neutron detector based on double scattering | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = A299 | A large-area neutron detector based on double scattering | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 466 | Journal Article | Bond, R. A., Ross, D. K. | 1982 | The Use of Monte Carlo Simulations in the Study of a Real Lattice Gas and its Application to the a' Pd-D System | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 12 | The Use of Monte Carlo Simulations in the Study of a Real Lattice Gas and its Application to the a' Pd-D System | PdD, Lattice Parameter, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 467 | Journal Article | Boniszewski, T., Smith, G. C. | 1963 | The influence of hydrogen on the plastic deformation ductility, and fracture of nickel in tension | Acta Metall., Vol = 11 | The influence of hydrogen on the plastic deformation ductility, and fracture of nickel in tension | H, Ni, diffusion, strength, dislocation | ||||||||
| 468 | Journal Article | Borbely, L., Doleschall, P. | 1992 | Nucleon Exchange Effects at Low Bombarding Energies for Deuteron-Neutron Scattering | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 283 | Nucleon Exchange Effects at Low Bombarding Energies for Deuteron-Neutron Scattering | theory, d-n | ||||||||
| 469 | Report | Bosch, H. S., Wurden, G. A., Gernhardt, J., Karger, F., Perchermeier, J. | 1989 | Electrochemical Cold Fusion Trials at IPP Garching | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 283 | Electrochemical Cold Fusion Trials at IPP Garching | Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma, heat-, tritium, electrolysis, negative | ||||||||
| 470 | Journal Article | Bosch, H. S., Wurden, G. A., Gernhardt, J., Karger, F., Perchermeier, J. | 1990 | Electrochemical cold fusion trials at IPP Garching | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Electrochemical cold fusion trials at IPP Garching | electrolysis, Pd, heat- neutron-, tritium-, gamma emission, D2O, negative | ||||||||
| 471 | Patent | Boscoli, R. | 1998 | Method and machine for producing energy by nuclear fusion reactions | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Tertiary Method and machine for producing energy by nuclear fusion reactions Method and machine for producing energy by nuclear fusion reactions | heat, method, patent | ||||||||
| 472 | Book Section | Bose, H., Prabhu, L. H., Sankaranarayanan, M., Shetiya, R. S., Veeraraghavan, N., Joshi, P. V., Murthy, T. S., Sen, B. K., Sharma, K. G. B. | 1989 | Verification Studies in Electrochemically Induced Fusion of Deuterons in Palladium Cathodes | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Verification Studies in Electrochemically Induced Fusion of Deuterons in Palladium Cathodes | heat, tritium, neutron | 1500 | ||||
| 473 | Journal Article | Botta, E., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Gianotti, P., Lamberti, C., Agnello, M., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Zecchina, A. | 1992 | Measurement of 2.5 MeV neutron emission from Ti/D and Pd/D systems | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 105A | Measurement of 2.5 MeV neutron emission from Ti/D and Pd/D systems | Ti, Pd, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 474 | Conference Proceedings | Botta, E., Bracco, R., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Cela, V., Fanara, C., Ferracin, U., Iazzi, F. | 1995 | Search for 4He Production from Pd/D2 Systems in Gas Phase | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 233 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Search for 4He Production from Pd/D2 Systems in Gas Phase | helium Pd, electromigration, D2, neutron, loading ICCF-5 | We describe the performance of an apparatus consisting of a cell containing a Pd sheet loaded with D2 in gas phase coupled to a high resolution Q-mass spectrometer. The loading ratio α = D/Pd is increased by applying a constant electric field along the Pd sheet, α is carefully measured by means of the electric resistance variation and of the thermodynamic parameters. In one experiment a signal corresponding to 4He production was observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BottaEsearchforh.pdf | ||
| 475 | Conference Proceedings | Botta, E., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Fanara, C., Iazzi, F. | 1996 | Measurement of 4He Production from D2 Gas-Loaded Pd Samples | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 29 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Measurement of 4He Production from D2 Gas-Loaded Pd Samples | helium Pd, D2, layer, Au Coehn ICCF-6 electrolysis | A Pd sheet gold plated at both ends was loaded with D2 in a Cold Fusion cell operating on the basis of the Coehn effect. The procedure was the same followed in a previous experiment. The gas has been analyzed by means of a high resolution mass spectrometer before the absorption into Pd and after desorption: a significant presence of 4He after desorption has been measured, in agreement with the previous results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BottaEmeasuremena.pdf | ||
| 476 | Journal Article | Botta, E., Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Fanara, C., Iazzi, F. | 1999 | On the neutron emission from the Ti/D system | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 112 | On the neutron emission from the Ti/D system | Ti, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 477 | Journal Article | Botter, F., Bouchez, J., Collot, J., Kajfasz, E., Lefievre, B., Lesquoy, E., Stutz, A., Tistchenko, S., Zylberajch, S. | 1989 | Search for emission of neutrons from a palladium-deuterium system | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 232 | Search for emission of neutrons from a palladium-deuterium system | Pd-black, heat-, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 478 | Journal Article | Bottollier-Curtet, H., Koberl, O., Combarieu, R., Biberian, J. P. | 2007 | Search for Isotopic Anomalies in Alchemical Silver Coins from the Germanischen National Museum in Nuremberg | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Search for Isotopic Anomalies in Alchemical Silver Coins from the Germanischen National Museum in Nuremberg | Alchemy, Cold fusion, Isotopic anomalies, Museum, Silver, Transmutation | We analyzed six silver coins of supposedly alchemical origin. They were manufactured during the 17th and 18th centuries, and kept in the Germanischen National Museum in Nuremberg in Germany. We did both nondestructive chemical and isotopic analysis. Silver has two stable isotopes, and our measurements indicate that the silver of all the coins have natural isotopic composition. We conclude that the silver contained in these coins is not of artificial origin. This does not prove that alchemists did not succeed in transmuting metals, but we have shown that the silver of these six coins is most likely of natural origin. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=154 | ||||||
| 479 | Journal Article | Boucher, G. R., Collins, F. E., Matlock, R. L. | 1993 | Separation factors for hydrogen isotopes on palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Separation factors for hydrogen isotopes on palladium | electrolysis, tritium, separation factor, Pd, H2O, D2O | ||||||||
| 480 | Journal Article | Boudard, A., Garcon, M., Platchkov, S. | 1991 | What shape has the deuteron? | Recherche, Vol = 22, Num = 235, Page = 1094 | What shape has the deuteron? | theory | ||||||||
| 481 | Journal Article | Bowen, N. L. | 2019 | A Simple Calculation of the Inter-nucleon Up-to-down Quark Bond and its Implications for Nuclear Binding | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | A Simple Calculation of the Inter-nucleon Up-to-down Quark Bond and its Implications for Nuclear Binding | Inter-nucleon bond, Nuclear binding energy, Up and down Quarks | This paper describes an interesting and potentially significant phenomenon regarding the properties of up and down quarks within the nucleus, and how the possible inter-nucleon bonding of these quarks may affect the bonding energy of the nuclear force. A very simple calculation is used, which involves a bond between two inter-nucleon up and down quarks. This simple calculation does not depend on the type or mechanism for the bond. Furthermore, this simple calculation does not specify the shape or structure for the nucleus. This calculation only examines the energy of all possible up-to-down inter-nucleon bonds that may be formed within a quantum nucleus. A comparison of this total energy is made to the experimental binding energy with excellent results. The potential significance of this finding is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=258 | ||||||
| 482 | Journal Article | Bowen, N. L. | 2020 | The Electromagnetic Considerations of the Nuclear Force | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | The Electromagnetic Considerations of the Nuclear Force | Electromagnetic force, Nuclear binding energy, Nuclear bonding, Nuclear force, Nucleon?ucleon force, Quarks | This paper explores how the electromagnetic energies of the quarks within the nucleus affect the behavior of the Nuclear Force. By examining the electromagnetic energies and forces, many questions about nuclear behavior can be answered and many insights into the nucleus can be gained. Previous theoretical models for the nuclear force include only the Coulomb electric force of the protons, but with little or no consideration of the electromagnetic characteristics of the quarks. By incorporating the electromagnetic energies and forces into nuclear theory, this model has been able to achieve predictions of binding energy better than any previous model, doing so by using only one variable instead of five. This model unifies the nuclear force to the electromagnetic force. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=200 | ||||||
| 483 | Journal Article | Bowen, N. L. | 2020 | An Examination of the Updated Empirical Data in Support of the Shell Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | An Examination of the Updated Empirical Data in Support of the Shell Model | Liquid drop model, Nuclear bonding, Nuclear force, Nuclear stability. Separation energy, Shell model | This paper is an examination of the updated experimental data, as is currently known in 2020, in support of the shell model and its concepts. The shell model of the nuclear force is considered to be the fundamental and foundational model of the nuclear force -- that force which binds the nucleons together in a nucleus. The shell model was developed in the late 1940s, and it is based on the experimentally known nuclear data at that time, data which supported the concept of nuclear shells. Most textbooks, even the current ones, present this experimental data from the 1940s when discussing the validity of the shell model. However, a large amount of nuclear data has since been collected over the past 70 years, and a re-examination of the experimental data in support of the shell model is long overdue. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=230 | ||||||
| 484 | Journal Article | Bower, B. | 1991 | Peer Review Under Fire | Science News, Vol = 139 | Peer Review Under Fire | history | ||||||||
| 485 | Journal Article | Bowker, J., Piercy, G. R. | 1985 | The use of palladium to obtain reproducible boundary conditions for permeability measurements using galvanostatic charging | Metal. Trans. A, Vol = 16 | The use of palladium to obtain reproducible boundary conditions for permeability measurements using galvanostatic charging | loading, thin films, electroplating, diffusion, Pd | ||||||||
| 486 | Book | Bowman, M. G. | 1990 | A Proposed Pathway for Cold Fusion Reactions | Metal. Trans. A, Vol = 16 | Letter | Editor, Series A Proposed Pathway for Cold Fusion Reactions | theory, dineutron | |||||||
| 487 | Journal Article | Boya, L. J. | 1990 | Possible mechanisms for cold fusion in deuterated palladium | An. Fis., Ser. B, Vol = 86, Num = 2, Page = 221 | Possible mechanisms for cold fusion in deuterated palladium | theory | ||||||||
| 488 | Journal Article | Bracci, L., Fiorentini, G., Mezzorani, G. | 1990 | Nuclear fusion in molecular systems | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., Vol = 16 | Nuclear fusion in molecular systems | Theory, fusion, screening, effective mass | ||||||||
| 489 | Journal Article | Bracci, L., Fiorentini, G., Mezzorani, G. | 1990 | A Dynamical Calculation of the Electron Shielding for d-d Fusion | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 146, Num = 3, Page = 128 | A Dynamical Calculation of the Electron Shielding for d-d Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 490 | Journal Article | Braun, T. | 1989 | A Selective, Annotated Bibliography | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 136, Num = 3 | A Selective, Annotated Bibliography | review, history | ||||||||
| 491 | Journal Article | Braun, T. | 1991 | World Flash on Cold Fusion No. 10 | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 154, Num = 1, Page = 1 | World Flash on Cold Fusion No. 10 | history | ||||||||
| 492 | Conference Proceedings | Breed, B. | 2008 | Can Established Physical Principles Explain Solid-State Fusion? | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Can Established Physical Principles Explain Solid-State Fusion? | Review, theory | |||||||
| 493 | Journal Article | Bressani, T., Del Giudice, E., Preparata, G. | 1989 | First steps toward an understanding of 'cold' nuclear fusion | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 101 | First steps toward an understanding of 'cold' nuclear fusion | Theory, collective effects, p-d fusion, He | ||||||||
| 494 | Conference Proceedings | Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Lamberti, C., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Cherubini, R., Haque, A. M. I., Ricci, R. A. | 1991 | A Study of the Neutron Emission from Ti Loaded With D in Gas Phase by Means of a Time-of-Flight Spectrometer | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 105 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | A Study of the Neutron Emission from Ti Loaded With D in Gas Phase by Means of a Time-of-Flight Spectrometer | Ti, D2, neutron, energy, ICCF-2 | The final results of an experiment carried out in order to detect and measure the energy of the neutrons emitted from Ti metal loaded with D in gas phase are reported. A neutron spectrometer based on the time-of-flight and double scattering technique was used. We observed a 2.5 sigma signal for the emission of 2.45 MeV neutrons, corresponding to 1.3 ? 0.5 neutrons s^-1 g^-1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=120 | ||
| 495 | Journal Article | Bressani, T., Calvo, D., Feliciello, A., Lamberti, C., Iazzi, F., Minetti, B., Cherubini, R., Haque, A. M. I., Ricci, R. A. | 1991 | Observation of 2.5 MeV neutrons emitted from a titanium-deuterium system | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 104, Num = 9, Page = 1413 | Observation of 2.5 MeV neutrons emitted from a titanium-deuterium system | Ti, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 496 | Journal Article | Bressani, T., Preparata, G. | 1992 | What Makes a Crystal Stiff Enough for the Mossbauer Effect? | Il Nuovo Cimento, Note Brevi, Vol = 14D, Num = 3, Page = 345-349 | What Makes a Crystal Stiff Enough for the Mossbauer Effect? | Mossbauer, theory | ||||||||
| 497 | Conference Proceedings | Bressani, T. | 1996 | Nuclear Products in Cold Fusion Experiments Comments and remarks after ICCF-6 | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 703 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Nuclear Products in Cold Fusion Experiments Comments and remarks after ICCF-6 | review | From the first beginning two major problems have affected the scientific development of the Cold Fusion and related phenomena. They are: * the lack of reproducibility of most of the experimental observations (in particular the Excess Power in given conditions) * the lack of a substantial amount of nuclear ashes that could validate the hypothesis that the sometimes observed Excess Power could be the result of nuclear reactions occurring in the metal lattice. Nuclear origin was inferred in an indirect way. by the observation that the sometimes measured Excess Powers were at least three orders of magnitude greater than those produced by any known chemical reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=304 | |||
| 498 | Conference Proceedings | Bressani, T. | 1998 | Nuclear Physics Aspects of Cold Fusion Experiments, Scientific Summary after ICCF-7 | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 32 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Nuclear Physics Aspects of Cold Fusion Experiments, Scientific Summary after ICCF-7 | review, ICCF-7 | 1 Introduction The circumstance that I made the scientific summary on Nuclear Products in Cold Fusion Experiments also after ICCF-6 gives to me the opportunity of combining the comparison of the results from two subsequent conferences and of discussing globally the impressive achievements gained in these last three years. The major achievement at ICCF-6 was, to my opinion, the evidence of the corre?ation between Excess Heat, when measured, and the production of 4He, observed in quantities of the same order of magnitude of what expected form the hypothe?is that the reaction d + d → 4He + (energy) is the main source of energy in Cold Fusion experiments. This conclusion was reached by several experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BressaniTnuclearphy.pdf | ||
| 499 | Conference Proceedings | Bressani, T. | 2009 | Exotic Nuclear Physics: from Cold Fusion to Antikaonic Nuclear Clusters (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Exotic Nuclear Physics: from Cold Fusion to Antikaonic Nuclear Clusters (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | One of the more controversial recent issues in Hadronic and Nuclear Physics is the possible existence of the so-called AntiKaonic Nuclear Clusters (AKNC). They are strange (S=-1, -2) nuclear systems composed by nucleons strongly bound to one or two AntiKaons: This topic is connected with the possible existence of exotic nucleon bound states like pp or ppp, with the possibility that a high-density nuclear medium will be created around the AntiKaon, that could be seed for the understanding of the dense nuclear matter in the neutron stars. In 2002 Akaishi and Yamazaki (1) predicted the appearance of discrete, narrow bound states of Kbar in few-body nuclear systems. The search for such systems started quite soon with nondedicated experiments at Laboratories of KEK (Japan), Frascati (Italy) , CERN (Switzerland), Saclay (France) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BressaniTexoticnucl.pdf | ||||
| 500 | Conference Proceedings | Bressani, T. | 2009 | Exotic Nuclear Physics: From Cold Fusion To Antikaonic Nuclear Clusters | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Exotic Nuclear Physics: From Cold Fusion To Antikaonic Nuclear Clusters | A short review of the status of the experimental searches and theoretical speculations on the possible existence of the AntiKaonic Nuclear Clusters is given. There are no scientific relationships with the possible Cold Fusion phenomena, but some similarities and differences in the perception and acceptance by other communities of physicists. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=174 | |||||
| 501 | Journal Article | Briand, J. P., Dewynck, J., Chevallier, P., Bobin, J. L. | 1989 | Cold fusion: an alternative diagnostic | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = A285 | Cold fusion: an alternative diagnostic | x-ray, Pd, ion bombardment, negative | ||||||||
| 502 | Conference Proceedings | Briand, J. P. | 1990 | Is There Any Deuterium in Dr. Jone's Titanium Foils? | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 29 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Is There Any Deuterium in Dr. Jone's Titanium Foils? | Ti, D, critique, history | |||||
| 503 | Journal Article | Briand, J. P., Froment, M. | 1990 | La fusion 'froide' dix-huit mois apres' (Cold fusion, 18 months later) | Recherche, Vol = 21 | La fusion 'froide' dix-huit mois apres' (Cold fusion, 18 months later) | review | ||||||||
| 504 | Journal Article | Briand, J. P., Ban, G., Froment, M., Keddam, M., Abel, F. | 1990 | Cold fusion rates in titanium foils | Phys. Lett., Vol = A145, Num = 4, Page = 187 | Cold fusion rates in titanium foils | Ti, D2, electrolysis, D2O, fractofusion, surface, x-ray, negative | ||||||||
| 505 | Journal Article | Bridge, M. E., Lloyd, D. R., Coey, J. M. D. | 1989 | Cold fusion ideas' (section editor's title) | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | 13-Jul-89 | Cold fusion ideas' (section editor's title) | history, critique | |||||||
| 506 | Journal Article | Brightsen, R. A., Mallove, E. | 1992 | Explanation of Cold Fusion Reactions Based on the Nucleon Cluster Model (NCM) | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | Explanation of Cold Fusion Reactions Based on the Nucleon Cluster Model (NCM) | theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 507 | Journal Article | Brightsen, R. A. | 1995 | Application of the Nucleon Cluster Model to Experimental Results | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | Application of the Nucleon Cluster Model to Experimental Results | theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 508 | Journal Article | Brightsen, R. A. | 1995 | The Nucleon Cluster Model and the Periodic Table of Beta-Stable Nuclides | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | The Nucleon Cluster Model and the Periodic Table of Beta-Stable Nuclides | Theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 509 | Journal Article | Brightsen, R. A. | 1996 | Correspondence of the Periodic Table of Beta-Stable Nuclides with the Classical Periodic Table of Elements | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | Correspondence of the Periodic Table of Beta-Stable Nuclides with the Classical Periodic Table of Elements | theory | ||||||||
| 510 | Journal Article | Brightsen, R. A. | 1996 | Correspondence of the nucleon cluster model with the periodic table of elements | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 5 & 6, Page = 73 | Correspondence of the nucleon cluster model with the periodic table of elements | theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 511 | Book | Brightson, R. | 1994 | Cluster Theory | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 5 & 6, Page = 73 | Clustron Sciences Corp. | Editor, Series Cluster Theory | theory, clustron | |||||||
| 512 | Conference Proceedings | Brillas, E., Sardin, G., Casado, J., Domenech, X., Sanchez, J. | 1991 | Product Analysis From D2O Electrolysis With Palladium and Titanium Cathodes | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 9 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Product Analysis From D2O Electrolysis With Palladium and Titanium Cathodes | Pd, Ti, D2O, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | The possible generation of tritium in the electrolyte and the incorporation of species such as tritium, lithium and platinum to cathodes during the electrolysis of 0.1M LiOD solutions with Pd and Ti cathodes and Pt anodes at low and high current densities have been studied by means of different techniques. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=24 | ||
| 513 | Journal Article | Brillas, E., Esteve, J., Sardin, G., Casado, J., Domenech, X., Sanchez-Cabeza, J. A. | 1992 | Product analysis from D2O electrolysis with Pd and Ti cathodes | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 37, Num = 2, Page = 215 | Product analysis from D2O electrolysis with Pd and Ti cathodes | electrolysis, Pd, Ti, tritium, Li, D2O, H2O, surface analysis, negative | ||||||||
| 514 | Journal Article | Brind, J. | 1990 | letter | Science News | letter | Theory | ||||||||
| 515 | Journal Article | Britz, D. | 1990 | Cold fusion: an historical parallel | Centaurus, Vol = 33 | Cold fusion: an historical parallel | Discussion, history, review | ||||||||
| 516 | Journal Article | Britz, D. | 1991 | Parameter correlations in cold fusion measurements | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 155, Num = 6, Page = 377 | Parameter correlations in cold fusion measurements | discussion, gamma emission, Birgul, critique | ||||||||
| 517 | Journal Article | Britz, D. | 2007 | Book Review - The Science of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction: A Comprehensive Compilation of Evidence and Explanations about Cold Fusion | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 21 | Book Review - The Science of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction: A Comprehensive Compilation of Evidence and Explanations about Cold Fusion | Review | ||||||||
| 518 | Report | Britz, D. | 2017 | Cold Nuclear Fusion Bibliography | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 21 | Aarhus University | Cold Nuclear Fusion Bibliography | This is a copy of the bibliography Dieter Britz uploaded to his web site at Aarhus University for many years. It is now hosted here: http://coldfusioncommunity.net/Britz/biblio.html | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BritzDcoldnuclea.pdf | ||||||
| 519 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1989 | Science Times: Despite Scorn , Some Scientists Still Seek Cold Fusion Clues | The New York Times | NYEditor | Science Times: Despite Scorn , Some Scientists Still Seek Cold Fusion Clues | HISTORY, newspaper | |||||||
| 520 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1989 | Signs of 'Cold' Fusion are Cited Cautiously | The New York Times | NYEditor | Signs of 'Cold' Fusion are Cited Cautiously | history | |||||||
| 521 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J., Browne, M. W., Schmidt, W. E. | 1989 | A Frenzy Over Fusion in Hundreds of Labs | New York Times | A Frenzy Over Fusion in Hundreds of Labs | history | ||||||||
| 522 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Claimants Review Puzzling Results | The New York Times | NYEditor | Cold Fusion Claimants Review Puzzling Results | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 523 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Still Escapes Usual Checks of Science | New York Times | New YorkEditor | Cold Fusion Still Escapes Usual Checks of Science | newspaper, history | |||||||
| 524 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1990 | Scientist Defends Cold Fusion Work | The New York Times | NYEditor | Scientist Defends Cold Fusion Work | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 525 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1991 | Cold-Fusion Claim is Faulted on Ethics as Well as Science | The New York Times | NYEditor | Cold-Fusion Claim is Faulted on Ethics as Well as Science | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 526 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1992 | U.S. Plans to Hire Russian Scientists in Fusion Research | New York Times | U.S. Plans to Hire Russian Scientists in Fusion Research | newspaper, history | ||||||||
| 527 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1995 | New Class of Lightning Found High Above Clouds | New York Times | New YorkEditor | New Class of Lightning Found High Above Clouds | newspaper, lightning | |||||||
| 528 | Newspaper Article | Broad, W. J. | 1999 | A tempest in a test tube, 10 years later | New York Times | NYEditor | A tempest in a test tube, 10 years later | history | |||||||
| 529 | Journal Article | Broer, M. M., Feldman, L. C., James, A. C. W. P., Kraus, J. S., Raghavan, R. S. | 1989 | Search for neutrons from deuterium-deuterium nuclear reactions in electrochemically charged Palladium | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 4, Page = R1559 | Search for neutrons from deuterium-deuterium nuclear reactions in electrochemically charged Palladium | electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 530 | Journal Article | Brown, N. E., Jarmie, N. | 1989 | Differential Cross Sections at Low Energies for 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 4, Page = 1391 | Differential Cross Sections at Low Energies for 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He | cross Section, D-D, fusion, energy, branching ratio | ||||||||
| 531 | Journal Article | Brown, T. | 1990 | A Selective, Annotated Bibliography No. 7 | Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Lett., Vol = 145 | A Selective, Annotated Bibliography No. 7 | Review | ||||||||
| 532 | Conference Proceedings | Brown, B. | 1994 | Lithium Fission to Fuse Deuterium? | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 61 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Lithium Fission to Fuse Deuterium? | theory | ||||
| 533 | Conference Proceedings | Brown, J. | 2006 | Collective dipole oscillations in hydrogenated metals | 7th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | iscmns.org | Asti, Italy | Collective dipole oscillations in hydrogenated metals | theory | ||||||
| 534 | Manuscript | Brown, J. | 2007 | Enhanced low energy fusion rate in metal deuterides due to vibrational deuteron dipole-dipole interactions and associated resonant tunneling between neighbouring sites | arXiv.org | November 12, 2007 | Enhanced low energy fusion rate in metal deuterides due to vibrational deuteron dipole-dipole interactions and associated resonant tunneling between neighbouring sites | theory | It is observed that interstitial hydrogen nucleii on a metallic lattice are strongly coupled to their near neighbours by the unscreened electromagnetic field mediating transitions between low-lying states. It is shown that the dominant interaction is of dipole-dipole character. By means of numerical calculations based upon published data, it is then shown that in stoichiometric PdD, in which essentially all interstitial sites are occupied by a deuteron, certain specific superpositions of many-site product states exist that are lower in energy than the single-site ground state, suggesting the existence of a new low temperature phase. Finally, the modified behaviour of the two-particle wavefunction at small separations is investigated and prelimary results suggesting a radical narrowing of the effective Coulomb barrier are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BrownJenhancedlo.pdf | |||||
| 535 | Journal Article | Brown, J. | 2009 | Enhanced Low Energy Fusion Rate in Metal Deuterides Due to Vibrational Deuteron Dipole-Dipole Interactions and Associated Resonant Tunneling Between Neighbouring Sites | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | Enhanced Low Energy Fusion Rate in Metal Deuterides Due to Vibrational Deuteron Dipole-Dipole Interactions and Associated Resonant Tunneling Between Neighbouring Sites | RDDI, Phase transition, Protons, Deuterons, Metal, Interference, Entanglement, Fusion, Theory | It is observed that interstitial hydrogen nucleii on a metallic lattice are strongly coupled to their near neighbours by the unscreened electromagnetic field mediating transitions between low-lying states. It is shown that the dominant interaction is of dipole-dipole character. By means of numerical calculations based upon published data, it is then shown that in stoichiometric PdD, in which essentially all interstitial sites are occupied by a deuteron, certain specific superpositions of many-site product states exist that are lower in energy than the single-site ground state, suggesting the existence of a new low temperature phase. Finally, the modified behaviour of the two-particle wavefunction at small separations is investigated and prelimary results suggesting a radical narrowing of the effective Coulomb barrier are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseda.pdf#page=50 | ||||||
| 536 | Newspaper Article | Browne, M. W. | 1994 | New Shot at Cold Fusion by Pumping Sound Waves into Tiny Bubbles | New York Times | NYEditor | New Shot at Cold Fusion by Pumping Sound Waves into Tiny Bubbles | sonoluminescence, accustic, Hot Fusion, newspaper | |||||||
| 537 | Journal Article | Brudanin, V. B., Bystritskii, V. M., Egorov, V. G., Shamsutdinov, S. G., Shyshkin, A. L., Stolupin, V. A., Yutlandov, I. A. | 1990 | Does cold nuclear fusion exist? | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 146 | Does cold nuclear fusion exist? | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, D2, x-ray, negative | ||||||||
| 538 | Journal Article | Brudanin, V. B., Bystritskii, V. M., Egorov, V. G., Shamsutdinov, S. G., Shyshkin, A. L., Stolupin, V. A., Yutlandov, I. A. | 1990 | Once more about cold nuclear fusion | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 146 | Once more about cold nuclear fusion | electrolysis, Ti, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 539 | Journal Article | Brudanin, V. B., Bystritsky, V. M., Egorov, V. G., Stetsenko, S. G., Yutlandov, I. A. | 1990 | Search for the cold fusion d(d,(4)He) in electrolysis of D2O | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 151, Num = 9, Page = 543 | Search for the cold fusion d(d,(4)He) in electrolysis of D2O | electrolysis, foil, helium, He, alpha, CR-39, particle emission, X-ray, negative | ||||||||
| 540 | Report | Bruggeman, A., Loos, M., Van der Poorten, C., Craps, R., Leysen, R., Poortmans, F., Verstappen, G., Snykers, M. | 1989 | Studiecentrum Voor Kernenenergie | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 151, Num = 9, Page = 543 | Studiecentrum Voor Kernenenergie | heat, error, Pd, D, critique, AC | ||||||||
| 541 | Journal Article | Bruschi, L., Santini, M., Torzo, G., Nardelli, G. | 1989 | Search for neutron emission from a deuterium-titanium system' | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 10, Num = 4, Page = 303 | Search for neutron emission from a deuterium-titanium system' | Ti, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 542 | Conference Proceedings | Bruschi, M., Marconi, U., Zoccoli, A. | 1994 | The neutron spectrometer of the cold fusion experiment under the Gran Sasso Laboratory | Hadronic Phys., Winter Course 8th 1993 | Giblisco, M., Preparata, G., Zenoni, A. | World Sci., Singapore | 1994 | The neutron spectrometer of the cold fusion experiment under the Gran Sasso Laboratory | neutron, method. | |||||
| 543 | Journal Article | Bryan, S. R., Gibson, J. H. | 1992 | Comments on 'Nuclear energy release in metals' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Comments on 'Nuclear energy release in metals' | critique, Mayer, theory | ||||||||
| 544 | Conference Proceedings | Bu, F. S., Li, X. Z., Gao, L., Shgi, H., Huang, G. S. | 1996 | Loading ratio study in a gas-loading system | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 187 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Loading ratio study in a gas-loading system Storms Used a incandescent W filament to load Pd at low pressure. Achieved D/.Pd of 0.78 at 660 Torr between 14-34 deg. This T may be too low. | loading, Pd, D2, ICCF-6, gas discharge | Using the tungsten wire, the deuterium gas is loaded into a palladium wire with the loading ratio higher than 0.75 under the pressure less than 1 atm. at the room temperature. The metallography shows that its grain size is greater than 100 micra. This study facilitates the combination of a gas- loading system with a calorimetric system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=202 | ||
| 545 | Journal Article | Buchachenko, A. L. | 1999 | Chemistry on the border of two centuries - achievements and prospects | Russ. Chem. Rev., Vol = 68, Num = (2), Page = 85 | Chemistry on the border of two centuries - achievements and prospects | review, fractofusion, theory | ||||||||
| 546 | Journal Article | Buchachenko, A. L., Chaikovskii, V. V | 1999 | Contraction of electronic shells and a new strategy for cold fusion | Russ. J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 73 | Contraction of electronic shells and a new strategy for cold fusion | Theory | ||||||||
| 547 | Journal Article | Bucur, R., Lewis, F. A. | 1971 | The Establishment of Equilibria in the Isotopic Distribution of Hydrogen and Deuterium Between Palladium and Aqueous Solutions | Z. Phys. Chem. Neue Folge, Vol = 75 | The Establishment of Equilibria in the Isotopic Distribution of Hydrogen and Deuterium Between Palladium and Aqueous Solutions | Separation Factor, H2O, D2O, PdH, PdD | ||||||||
| 548 | Journal Article | Budko, K., Korshunov, A. | 2017 | Calorimetric Investigation of Anomalous Heat Production in Ni-H Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 23 | Calorimetric Investigation of Anomalous Heat Production in Ni-H Systems | Calorimeter, Cold fusion, Hydrogen, LENR, LiAlH4, Nickel | It has been claimed that Ni-H systems produce excess heat for long periods of time. We have performed experimental calorimetric investigations of this phenomenon. The experimental setup consisted of a ceramic reactor with nickel powder inside it, a heater, hydrogen loading system and calorimeter. Nickel powders with different grain size were used because of their large surface area. Hydrogen pressure varied from 0.5 to 2.5 atm. Temperature varied from 25 to 800 deg C. Different methods of input power were used in order to investigate possible effects of high amplitude magnetic pulses. The experimental runs lasted from 4 to 50 h. Experiments did not show any evidence of excess heat within the accuracy of measurement. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedv.pdf#page=90 | ||||||
| 549 | Journal Article | Budnikov, A. T., Danilov, P. A., Kartamyshev, G. A., Katrich, N. P., Seminozhenko, V. P. | 1990 | Study of gases evolving from palladium, nickel and copper, bombarded with D+ ions, from palladium saturated with gases by heavy water electrolysis and by heating in deuterium | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved. | Study of gases evolving from palladium, nickel and copper, bombarded with D+ ions, from palladium saturated with gases by heavy water electrolysis and by heating in deuterium | Pd, Ni, Cu, electrolysis, mass spectrometer, tritium, ion bombardment, D+, D2, negative | ||||||||
| 550 | Journal Article | Buehler, D. B. | 1992 | Possible Gamma Bursts From Gas Loaded Ti Chips | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved. | Possible Gamma Bursts From Gas Loaded Ti Chips | neutron, Ti, D2 | ||||||||
| 551 | Conference Proceedings | Buehler, D. B., Hansen, L. D., Jones, S. E., Rees, L. B. | 1992 | Is Reported 'Excess Heat' Due to Nuclear Reactions? | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 245 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Is Reported 'Excess Heat' Due to Nuclear Reactions? | heat, method, critique, X-ray, radiation, ICCF-3 | A portable X-ray detector has been developed to complement 'cold fusion' studies. Our reasoning is that any set of nuclear reactions which produce measurable heat must also produce abundant secondary X-rays. However, at the Nagoya meeting and elsewhere, we found that errors and uncertainties in current experiments prevent unambiguous interpretation of claims of excess-heat generation . Hence, this paper also outlines criteria for establishing calorimeter performance for definitive measurements of 'excess heat' in cold-fusion experiments. Methods to do calorimetry are outlined. Calculates magnitude of X-ray flux expected outside of a cell fusing at 10^11/sec (0.1W) Claim 60 K-a X-ray/sec. Describes methods required to believe calorimetry. Makes some poor statements about chemical source of heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=247 | ||
| 552 | Journal Article | Bullock, J. S., Powell, G. L., Hutchinson, D. P. | 1990 | Electrochemical factors in cold fusion experiments | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Electrochemical factors in cold fusion experiments | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, thermodynamic, overvoltage, method | ||||||||
| 553 | Conference Proceedings | Bunch, K. J., Grow, R. W. | 1990 | Electric Field Distribution of the Palladium Crystal Lattice | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 243 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Electric Field Distribution of the Palladium Crystal Lattice | Pd, lattice parameter, theory, ICCF-1 | Palladium has always been a metal of interest for its hydrogen absorption qualities [lJ and, more recently, for its use in cold fusion experiments [2J. An atomic model of the metallic crystal would give a better overall understanding of the palladium-hydrogen system. Unfortunately, a computer simulation of the wave mechanical properties of palladium based on solving the three-dimensional Schrodinger equation is a major undertaking [3, 4J that is probably unnecessary for calculating many useful character istics of palladium. A simpler approach, based on a Thomas-Fermi model [5J for palladium, is proposed by the authors. This semiclassical model averages the effects of all the electrons within an atom to approximate the electric field distribution everywhere. Overlapping these distr ibutions approximates the electric fields within the palladium crystal. This model predicts a crystal that is a bit too stiff, but overall it gives reasonable results; it is also simple to use. It is expected that this model will broaden the understanding of the interaction of hydrogen with palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=262 | ||
| 554 | Journal Article | Bunch, K. J., Grow, R. W. | 1991 | Self-consistent field calculations on diatomic hydrogen in a potential well | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Self-consistent field calculations on diatomic hydrogen in a potential well | Theory | ||||||||
| 555 | Journal Article | Burch, R. | 1969 | On the role of silver atoms in the absorption of hydrogen by palladium-silver alloys | Solid State Commun., Vol = 7 | On the role of silver atoms in the absorption of hydrogen by palladium-silver alloys | Pd, Ag, Pd-Ag, phase Diagram, pressure, H2 | ||||||||
| 556 | Journal Article | Burger, J. P., MacLachlan, D. S., Mailfert, R., Souffache, B. | 1975 | Electrical Resistivity of Pd-Hx: Residual Resistivity | Solid State Commun., Vol = 17 | Electrical Resistivity of Pd-Hx: Residual Resistivity | resistivity, Pd, PdH | ||||||||
| 557 | Journal Article | Burke, L. D., Casey, J. K. | 1993 | An examination of the electrochemical behavior of palladium electrodes in acid | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 140, Num = 5, Page = 1284 | An examination of the electrochemical behavior of palladium electrodes in acid | Pd, PdH, loading, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 558 | Journal Article | Burke, L. D., Casey, J. K. | 1993 | An examination of the electrochemical behavior of palladium in base | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 140, Num = 5, Page = 1292 | An examination of the electrochemical behavior of palladium in base | PdH, Pd, loading, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 559 | Journal Article | Burrows, A. | 1989 | Enhancement of cold fusion in metal 'hydrides' by screening of proton and deuteron charges | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = 3405 | Enhancement of cold fusion in metal 'hydrides' by screening of proton and deuteron charges | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 560 | Patent | Busch, M. P. | 1990 | Nucear Fusion Reactor and Method, Patent Disclosure | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = 3405 | US | Tertiary Nucear Fusion Reactor and Method, Patent Disclosure Nucear Fusion Reactor and Method, Patent Disclosure | patent, disclosure, apparatus | |||||||
| 561 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1989 | A Transmission resonance Model for Cold Fusion | Winter Annual Meeting of Am. Soc. Mechan. Eng. | San Francisco | December 10-15, 1989 | A Transmission resonance Model for Cold Fusion | theory | ||||||
| 562 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1990 | The TRM (Transmission Resonance Model) for Cold Fusion Fits Calorimetric Data on the Pons-Fleischmann Effect and Suggests Solutions to Nuclear 'Anomalies' | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 109 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | The TRM (Transmission Resonance Model) for Cold Fusion Fits Calorimetric Data on the Pons-Fleischmann Effect and Suggests Solutions to Nuclear 'Anomalies' | theory | |||||
| 563 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1990 | Isotopic Mass Shifts in Cathodically-Driven Palladium Via Neutron Transfer Suggested by the Transmission Resonance Model to Explicate Enhanced Fusion Phenomena (Hot and Cold) Within a Deuterared Metrix | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 213 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Isotopic Mass Shifts in Cathodically-Driven Palladium Via Neutron Transfer Suggested by the Transmission Resonance Model to Explicate Enhanced Fusion Phenomena (Hot and Cold) Within a Deuterared Metrix | theory, current density, Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, ICCF-1 | Abstract: The transmission resonance model previously presented by the author [3] to explicate cold fusion phenomena is now extended to treat the full range of enhanced fusion phenomena, from 'hot' to 'cold', within a deuterated matrix. Such seemingly disparate effects as low-level neutron emission, tritium production, the Pons-Fleischmann effect ( i.e. ,excess heat production in electrolytic cold fusion) [1],[2], and 'cluster-impact' fusion (i.e., hot fusion within a lattice), may share a commonality as enhanced fusion phenomena resulting from the resonant transmission of de Broglie waves within a deuterated matrix . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=232 | ||
| 564 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1990 | Production of Tritium, Neutrons, and Heat Based Upon the Transmission Resonance Model (TRM) for Cold Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 660 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Production of Tritium, Neutrons, and Heat Based Upon the Transmission Resonance Model (TRM) for Cold Fusion | theory, D/Pd, heat+, T/n | ||||
| 565 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1990 | A Cold Fusion Model that Matches Experimental Data | 21st Century Sci. & Technol., Vol = 3, Num = 3, Page = 21, 62 | A Cold Fusion Model that Matches Experimental Data | theory, history | ||||||||
| 566 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1990 | 'Cold nuclear fusion': A hypothetical model to probe an elusive phenomenon | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 397 | 'Cold nuclear fusion': A hypothetical model to probe an elusive phenomenon | Theory, bosons | ||||||||
| 567 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1991 | A Calorimetric Study of the Excess Heat Effect in Thin Films of Palladium | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = on video | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | A Calorimetric Study of the Excess Heat Effect in Thin Films of Palladium | Pd, heat+, thin layer, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | ||||
| 568 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T. | 1991 | Cold 'fusion'. The transmission resonance model fits data on excess heat, predicts optimal trigger points, and suggests nuclear reaction scenarios | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Cold 'fusion'. The transmission resonance model fits data on excess heat, predicts optimal trigger points, and suggests nuclear reaction scenarios | Theory, transmission resonance, current density, heat+, D2O, Pd | ||||||||
| 569 | Journal Article | Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J., Miles, M., Ostrom, G. S. | 1991 | Helium production during the electrolysis of D2O in cold fusion experiments | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 304 | Helium production during the electrolysis of D2O in cold fusion experiments | electrolysis, He+, heat+, Pd, D2O, H2O, film radiation | INTRODUCTION Our interest in the 'cold fusion' process [1,2] was piqued by the apparent lack of systematic investigation into the composition of the gaseous products produced during the electrolysis of D2O. A critical issue in determining whether or not the cold fusion process exists is the quality of the evidence concerning the composition of the gaseous products. The low intensity of neutrons has prompted proposals of other fusion processes such as d + d → 4He + γ [3] and p + d → 3He [4,5]. Accord?ngly, we report the results of experiments designed to detect helium in the effluent gases from electrolysis reactions at palladium cathodes while rigorously excluding possible helium contamination from other sources. The calorimetric electrolysis experiments reported here were performed at China Lake, and the analyses designed to establish the composition of the effluent gases were performed in Austin. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BushBFheliumprod.pdf | ||||||
| 570 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1992 | Experimental Studies Supporting the Transmission Resonance Model for Cold Fusion in Light Water: I. Correlation of Isotopic and Elemental Evidence with Excess Heat | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 405 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Experimental Studies Supporting the Transmission Resonance Model for Cold Fusion in Light Water: I. Correlation of Isotopic and Elemental Evidence with Excess Heat | Ni, H2O, heat+, transmutation, Rb2CO3, electrolysis Radioactivity, ICCF-3 | The experimental evidence cited here (Part I) in support of the Bush TRM Model was originally reported by Bush in his paper, 'A Light Water Excess Heat Reaction Suggests That 'Cold Fusion' May Be 'Alkali-Hydrogen Fusion.'' Excess heat production in electrolytic light water experiments was experimentally correlated with a shift not only in elemental abundance but also with an isotopic reversal in the case of a light water-based RbzCD3 cell found to produce strontium. Part II reports on more recent work correlating x-ray emissions with excess power for both a heavy water excess heat reaction and a light water excess heat reaction. Produced Sr isotopes when Rb2CO3 was electrolyzed using H2O and a Ni cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=145 | ||
| 571 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1992 | Experimental Studies Supporting the Transmission Resonance Model for Cold Fusion in Light Water: II. Correlation of X-Ray Emission With Excess Power | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 409 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Experimental Studies Supporting the Transmission Resonance Model for Cold Fusion in Light Water: II. Correlation of X-Ray Emission With Excess Power | heat+, H2O, Ni, x-ray, radiation, ICCF-3 | ABSTRACT: Part I presented evidence in support of Bush's TRM Model and, in particular, his hypothesis of 'alkali-hydrogen fusion' in a lattice as a prototype for cold fusion with both light and heavy water. In Part II preliminary evidence is presented for x-ray emission accompanying both the heavy and light water excess heat effects in the form of both characteristic x-rays and bremmstrahlung. These studies had the unsatisfactory feature of low signal-to-noise, but the satisfactory features of reasonable statistics and excellent correlation. An interesting feature was that x-ray emission decreased somewhat after a cell was switched off, but then spiked upward to decay exponentially to the background level over a period of days. This emission was apparently associated with the desorption of hydrogen from the cathode. With the cell turned off it was also possible to study xray emission accompanying the thermal desorption of hydrogen by changing the cell temperature and studying x-ray emission as a function of cathode surface temperature. When this effect of x-rays accompanying desorption was factored in, Bush's TRM Model appears to account for the correlation between x-ray emission and excess power. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=149 | ||
| 572 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T. | 1992 | A light water excess heat reaction suggests that 'cold fusion' may be 'alkali-hydrogen fusion' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | A light water excess heat reaction suggests that 'cold fusion' may be 'alkali-hydrogen fusion' | theory, H2O, electrolysis, Ni, Rb, K, transmutation | ||||||||
| 573 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T. | 1993 | Is It Possible That Anomalies Associated with the Excess Heat Effect Were Observed in the 1950's?: The Transmission Resonance Model (TRM) Answers Affirmatively | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Is It Possible That Anomalies Associated with the Excess Heat Effect Were Observed in the 1950's?: The Transmission Resonance Model (TRM) Answers Affirmatively | theory, heat Capacity, Pd | ||||||||
| 574 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1993 | Calorimetric Studies for Several Light Water Electrolytic Cells With Nickel Fibrex Cathodes and Electrolytes with Alkali Salts of Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 13 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Calorimetric Studies for Several Light Water Electrolytic Cells With Nickel Fibrex Cathodes and Electrolytes with Alkali Salts of Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium | H2O, Ni, heat+, Rb, K, Cs, transmutation, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 575 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1993 | Evidence for Electrolytically Induced Transmutation and Radioactivity Correlated with Excess Heat in Electrolytic Cells With Light Water Rubidium Salt Electrolytes | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 2 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Evidence for Electrolytically Induced Transmutation and Radioactivity Correlated with Excess Heat in Electrolytic Cells With Light Water Rubidium Salt Electrolytes | H2O, Ni, Rb, transmutation, radioactive, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 576 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, B. F., Miles, M. | 1994 | Practical Aspects of Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 152 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Practical Aspects of Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium | heat+, He+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | ||||
| 577 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1994 | An Interpretation of the Piantelli Effect Based Upon the LANT Hypothesis and ECFM Model for Cold Fusion | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 66 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | An Interpretation of the Piantelli Effect Based Upon the LANT Hypothesis and ECFM Model for Cold Fusion | theory | ||||
| 578 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1994 | Evidence for an electrolytically induced shift in the abundance ratio of Sr-88 and Sr-86 | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 157 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Evidence for an electrolytically induced shift in the abundance ratio of Sr-88 and Sr-86 | Pd, Sr, D2O, isotope ratio | ||||
| 579 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T. | 1994 | A Unifying Model for Cold Fusion | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 431 | A Unifying Model for Cold Fusion | theory screening | ||||||||
| 580 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T., Eagleton, R. D. | 1994 | Evidence for Electrolytically Induced Transmutation and Radioactivity Correlated with Excess Heat in Electrolytic Cells with Light Water Rubidium Salt Electrolytes | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 334 | Evidence for Electrolytically Induced Transmutation and Radioactivity Correlated with Excess Heat in Electrolytic Cells with Light Water Rubidium Salt Electrolytes | Rb, transmutation H2O, Ni, heat+ radioactivity | ||||||||
| 581 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1995 | The Electron Catalyzed Fusion Model (ECFM) Reconsidered with Special Emphasis Upon the Production of Tritium and Neutrons | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 339 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | The Electron Catalyzed Fusion Model (ECFM) Reconsidered with Special Emphasis Upon the Production of Tritium and Neutrons | theory, ICCF-5 | The author's ECFM ('Electron Catalyzed Fusion Model') first presented at the ICCF-4 is re-examined with special reference to the production of tritium and neutrons. The model is of some interest in that it is the first model to fit excess power-vs-Ioading fraction data of McKubre et al. (SRI Intemational/EPRI) and, independently, that of Kunimatsu et al. (IMRA). Of special note is that the peak of the theoretical curve of tritium production versus loading fraction, which is related to that for neutrons by a branching ratio scaling factor, is found to be at a fractional DlPd loading of approximately 0.825, whlch is in go.od agreement with the empirical value of 0.83 announced at the ICCF-5 by Iwamura et al.(Mitsuoishi) for both tritlUm and neutrons. It is of interest then that this theoretical ECFM tritium production curve arises essentially from purely statistical mechanical considerations involving the deuteron occupation of the three-dimensional interstitial lattice, rather than arising from the details of a specific nuclear mechanism. The model shows why tritium is ordinarily not observed when excess heat is being observed. For the neutron-to-triton branching ratio a theoretical lower limit (r/R)^12 results (r is the protonic charge radius and R is the deuteronic charge radius.) yielding a value of 2 x 10^-9 in agreement with the empirical value of 2 x 10^-9 for the neutron-to-triton branching ratio. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=142 | ||
| 582 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, R. T. | 1995 | A Model for the Impurity Promotion and Inhibition of the Excess Heat Effects of Cold Fusion | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 434 | Pons, S. | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | A Model for the Impurity Promotion and Inhibition of the Excess Heat Effects of Cold Fusion | theory, ICCF-5 | A theoretica12 model describes impurity promotion and inhibition of the heavy water1 and light water3,4 excess heat effects of cold fusion based upon the infl uence on the magnetic properties of Pd and Ni, respectively, of al loying with different metal s. For Ni (light water case), promoters, in increasing order of efficiency, are predicted to be Cu, Zn, AI, and S n . Inhibitors, in increasing order of efficiency, are predicted to be Co, Fe, and M n . Ag, Au, and Cu are indicated as promoters in the case of Pd (heavy water case). Empirical evidence impacting the model will be presented in another paper (ref. 5) in these Proceedings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=146 | ||
| 583 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T. | 1996 | Electrolytically Simulated Cold Nuclear Synthesis of Strontium from Rubidium | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 28 | Electrolytically Simulated Cold Nuclear Synthesis of Strontium from Rubidium | transmutation, electrolysis, H2O, Sr Rb | ||||||||
| 584 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T. | 1996 | Can the Electron Catalyzed Fusion Model (ECFM) Account for Light Water Fusion? | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 63 | Can the Electron Catalyzed Fusion Model (ECFM) Account for Light Water Fusion? | theory, H2O | ||||||||
| 585 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J. | 1996 | Nuclear products associated with the Pons and Fleischmann effect; helium commensurate to heat generation, calorimetry and radiation | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 622 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Nuclear products associated with the Pons and Fleischmann effect; helium commensurate to heat generation, calorimetry and radiation | heat, helium | The nature of the nuclear phenomena associated with the Pons and Reischmann effect remains largely unexplored. The phenomena are reproducible, but the processes lack controllability. The circumstances of the electrolysis experiments do not produce the same nuclear product distribution as that expected during hot plasma D + D fusion experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=223 | |||
| 586 | Journal Article | Bush, R. T. | 1997 | Consequences of lattice occupational symmetry | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 12, Page = 34 | Consequences of lattice occupational symmetry | theory | ||||||||
| 587 | Journal Article | Bush, B. F. | 1998 | Data for 4He measurement | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 12, Page = 34 | Data for 4He measurement | 4He | ||||||||
| 588 | Conference Proceedings | Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J. | 1998 | Methods of Generating Excess Heat with the Pons and Fleischmann Effect: Rigorous and Cost Effective Calorimetry, Nuclear Products Analysis of the Cathode and Helium Analysis | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 38 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Methods of Generating Excess Heat with the Pons and Fleischmann Effect: Rigorous and Cost Effective Calorimetry, Nuclear Products Analysis of the Cathode and Helium Analysis | He+, heat+, PdD, method, Al Seebeck, ICCF-7, electrolysis | Abstract: The results from a growing number of laboratories suggest that the Pons and Fleischmann effect (the production of 'excess heat' during the electrolysis of D2O at palladium electrodes) is real. More over data from these laboratories indicate that excess heat events are accompanied by 4He production. Excess heat generation appears to depend on a number of factors: the quality ? nature ? of the cathode, chemical species present in the D2O / LiOD electrolyte, the conditions surrounding the electrolysis process ? current density, potential, time, and the previous history of the cathode. Methods for obtaining useful cathodes will be described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BushBFmethodsofg.pdf | ||
| 589 | Report | Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J. | 1999 | Trace Elements Added to Palladium by Electrolysis in Heavy Water | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 38 | EPRI | Palo Alto, CA | Trace Elements Added to Palladium by Electrolysis in Heavy Water | Transmutation | Palladium samples taken from the center section of a 2-mm diameter cylindrical heat-producing cathode and similar material from the original stock palladium rod adjacent to that used for the cathode have been analyzed by neutron activation analysis for trace element impurity differences. The focus was on all elements for which NAA is appropriate and sensitive. Although it is known that electrolysis deposits impurity metals on cathodic surfaces from the electrolyte (lithium deuteroxide in this case), this occurs only at the external surface of the rod. The samples were cut diametrally to minimize the surface relative to the bulk or interior portion of the cathode. Large increases in iron and zinc of a factor of 56 and 12 respectively were observed in the active cathode relative to the virgin material. Smaller but significant increases were observed for chromium, cobalt, and cesium. In addition, the Pd-110/Pd-108 ratios were determined. Preliminarily, it appears that Pd-108 was depleted in the active cathode relative to Pd-110 as compared with that ratio in the virgin material. Possible sources of these changes in addition to the conventional explanations are discussed. | TP-108743 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BushBFtraceeleme.pdf | ||||
| 590 | Conference Proceedings | Bushnell, D. | 2012 | LENR and NASA (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | LENR and NASA (PowerPoint slides) | Review | Outline * What * Status * Why * Plans | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BushnellDlenrandnas.pdf | |||||
| 591 | Journal Article | Bushuev, V. S., Ginodman, V. B., Zherikhina, L. N., Kuznetsov, S. P., Lapushkin, Yu. A., Matviyenko, I. P., Nikitenko, A. I., Perekrestenko, A. D., Saposhnikov, N. P., Tolokonnikov, S. M., Tskhovrebov, A. M. | 1990 | Some results obtained by detecting nuclear radiation during heavy-water electrolysis | Sov. Phys. Lebedev Inst. Rep. | Some results obtained by detecting nuclear radiation during heavy-water electrolysis | electrolysis Pd neutron, gamma emission D2O D2SO4 | ||||||||
| 592 | Journal Article | Bushuev, V. S., Ginodman, V. B., Zherikhina, L. N., Kuznetsov, S. P., Lapushkin, Yu. A., Matviyenko, I. P., Nikitenko, A. I., Perekrestenko, A. D., Saposhnikov, N. P., Tolokonnikov, S. M., Tskhovrebov, A. M. | 1992 | Experiments in the recording of nuclear emissions by electrolysis of heavy water | Trud. Ord. Lenin. Ord. Oktyab. Revol. Fiz. Inst. im. P.N. Lebedeva, Ross. Akad. Nauk, Vol = 220 | Experiments in the recording of nuclear emissions by electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission, D2O | ||||||||
| 593 | Journal Article | Bushuev, V. S., Genodman, V. B., Jerikhina, L. N., Kuznetsov, S. P., Lapushkin, Yu. A., Matviyenko, I. P., Nikitenko, A. I., Perekrestenko, A. D., Saposhnikov, N. P., Tolokonnikov, S. M., Tzkhovrebov, A. M. | 1996 | Some results obtained by detecting nuclear radiation during heavy-water electrolysis | J. Opt. Res., Vol = 4, Num = 5, Page = 171 | Some results obtained by detecting nuclear radiation during heavy-water electrolysis | electrolysis, neutron, gamma emission, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 594 | Journal Article | Bussard, R. W. | 1989 | Virtual-state internal nuclear fusion in metal lattices | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Virtual-state internal nuclear fusion in metal lattices | Theory, loading | ||||||||
| 595 | Journal Article | Butler, M. A., Ginley, D. S., Schirber, J. E., Ewing, R. I. | 1989 | High-sensitivity search for neutrons during electrochemical reactions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | High-sensitivity search for neutrons during electrochemical reactions | electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 596 | Journal Article | Buxerolle, M., Kurkdjian, J. | 2016 | An Historical Experiment of Neutron Detection Near an Electrolytic Cell | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | An Historical Experiment of Neutron Detection Near an Electrolytic Cell | Chain, Deuterium, Electrolysis, Neutron, Palladium, Reaction | An electrolysis experiment performed in April 1989, with a hollow palladium cathode in heavy water showed neutrons production. The results were sufficiently reliable to exclude any experimental error. Unfortunately a similar experiment has never been attempted since then. The presence of neutrons is the signature of nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=12 | ||||||
| 597 | Journal Article | Bylinsky, G. | 1991 | Cold Fusion Heats up Again | Fortune Magazine, Vol = 124, Num = 1, Page = 18 | Cold Fusion Heats up Again | history | ||||||||
| 598 | Journal Article | Byung, J. H. | 1990 | Cold nuclear fusion | Hwahak Kwa Kongop Ui Chinbo, Vol = 30 | Cold nuclear fusion | review | ||||||||
| 599 | Government Document | Cage, K. | 1989 | Memorandum: Cold Fusion Applications | Hwahak Kwa Kongop Ui Chinbo, Vol = 30 | U.S. Department of Commerce, Patent and Trademark office | Washington, DC | patent | Although the media attention relating to cold fusion has dimishecl, we are Just now beginning to see a large number of applications relating to this subjects Although we are attempting to identify an of these applications in the pre-examination screening process, there is a possibility that a few applications may slip through without being identified. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CageKmemorandum.pdf | |||||
| 600 | Conference Proceedings | Cain, B. L., Cheney, A. B., Rigsbee, J. M., Cain, R. W., McMillian, L. S. | 1998 | Thermal Power Produced Using Thin-Film Palladium Cathodes in Concentrated Lithium Salt Electrolyte | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 43 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Thermal Power Produced Using Thin-Film Palladium Cathodes in Concentrated Lithium Salt Electrolyte | thin-film, Pd, heat+, Li2CO3, ICCF-7 | Investigations to analyze the cathodic loading of hydrogen and deuterium in palladium thin-films, using a Fleischmann-Pons (Fleischmann/1989, Fleischmann/1990) type open cell system, have demonstrated the production of significant thermal power using an electrolyte of concentrated lithium hydroxide in heavy water. Power levels exceeding 200 watts over a 20 hour period have been observed, although this large thermal response was obtained in only 4 out of 16 experiment runs, each using a new Pd cathode and electrolyte solution. In most cases, thermal power began after loading the Pd films followed by temperature cycling of the cell from room temperature to near 60 ?. However one run showed a large thermal output without electrolytic loading of the cathode, indicating the possibility of a catalyzed chemical reaction between the electrolyte, the Pd cathode and Pt anode, and the air cover over the cell. Indeed all power producing runs were accompanied by a precipitated formation oflithium carbonate, indicating a strong coupling of the reaction with CO2 in the air. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=43 | ||
| 601 | Journal Article | Calaon, A. | 2016 | Yet Another LENR Theory: Electron-mediated Nuclear Reactions (EMNR) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 17 Yet Another LENR Theory: Electron-mediated Nuclear Reactions (EMNR) | EMNR theory, Extreme ultra violet, Hydronion, Magnetic attraction, Strange radiation, Zitterbewegung | An attempt is made to build an LENR theory that does not contradict any basic principle of physics and gives a relatively simple explanation to the plethora of experimental results. A single unconventional assumption is made, namely that nuclei are kept together by a magnetic attraction mechanism, as proposed in the 1980s of the past century by Valerio Dallacasa and Norman Cook. This assumption contradicts a non-proven detail of the standard model, which instead attributes the nuclear force to a residual effect of the strong interaction. The theory is based also on a property of the electron which has been known for long, but has rarely been used: the Zitterbewegung (ZB). This property should allow the magnetic attraction mechanism that binds nucleons together, to manifest also between the electron and any isotope of hydrogen, leading to the formation of three neutral pseudo-particles (the component particles remain separate entities), collectively named here Hydronions (or Hyd). These pseudo-particles can then couple with other nuclei and lead to a fusion reaction 'inside' the electron. The Coulomb barrier is not overcome kinetically, but through what could be interpreted as a range extension of the nuclear force itself, realized by the electron when some specific conditions are satisfied. The most important of these necessary conditions is that the electron has to ?rbit? the hydrogen nucleus at a frequency of 2.055 x 1016Hz. This frequency corresponds to photons with an energy of about 85 eV or equivalently a wavelength of 14.6 nm in the Extreme Ultra Violet (EUV). So the large quanta of nuclear energy fractionate into EUV photons during the formation of the Hydronions and during the coupling of Hydronions to other nuclei. The formation of Hydronions requires the so called Nuclear Active Environment (NAE), which is what makes LENR so rare and difficult to reproduce. The numbers suggest that the NAE forms when an unshielded atomic core electron orbital that has an ?rbital frequency? near to the coupling frequency is stricken by a naked Hydrogen Nucleus (HNu). This theory therefore implies that the NAE is not inside the metal matrix, but in its immediate neighbourhood. The best candidate atoms for a NAE are listed, based on the energy of their ionization energies. The coincidence with the most common LENR materials appears noteworthy. The Electron Mediated Nuclear Reactions (EMNR) theory can explain also very rapid runaway conditions, radio emissions, biological NAE, and the so called 'strange radiation'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=25 | ||||||
| 602 | Journal Article | Cali, G. J., Berry, G. M., Bothwell, M. E., Soriaga, M. P. | 1991 | Electrochemical Regeneration of Clean and Well-Ordered Pd(111) Surface | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 297 | Electrochemical Regeneration of Clean and Well-Ordered Pd(111) Surface | Pd, H, LEED, order, surface | ||||||||
| 603 | Conference Proceedings | Cammarota, G, Collis, W. J. M. F., Rizzo, A., Stremmenos, C. | 1997 | A flow calorimeter study of the Ni/H system | Asti Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Metals | A flow calorimeter study of the Ni/H system | This paper documents the continuing calorimetric study of the nickel natural hydrogen system at Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Bologna, Italy. Our previous unpublished work had already verified anomalous increase in temperature of a nickel sample loaded with sub-atmospheric hydrogen first noted by Piantelli and co-workers. To ensure that such temperature anomalies were not the result of changes in heat transmission, it was decided to investigate the system using a flow calorimeter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CammarotaGaflowcalor.pdf | |||||||
| 604 | Journal Article | Camp, W. J. | 1977 | Helium Detrapping and Release from Metal Tritides | J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, Vol = 14 | Helium Detrapping and Release from Metal Tritides | helium tritium, release, PdT | ||||||||
| 605 | Conference Proceedings | Campari, E. G., Focardi, S., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F., Porcu, E., Tosti, E., Veronesi, S. | 2000 | Ni-H Systems | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 69 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Ni-H Systems | nickel, hydrogen, heat+, gamma emission neutron, transmutation, particle emission | ||||
| 606 | Conference Proceedings | Campari, E. G., Fasano, G., Focardi, S., Lorusso, G., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F. | 2004 | Photon and particle emission, heat production and surface transformation in Ni-H system | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Photon and particle emission, heat production and surface transformation in Ni-H system | nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat | The results obtained in several experiments on Ni-H system are presented here. Photon emission during the preliminary phases of activation and 1H isotope absorption are shown; their correlation with the kind of surfaces (Ni and its alloys) and with neutron and other particle emission in the excitation progress and in large heat production is also presented. Finally the SEM-EDAX analysis of the sample surfaces after same months of heat production is shown; new elements (not present in the initial analysis) appeared. The concentrations of these elements with atomic number between C and Zn, is compared to the unmodified parts of same samples that remained inside the cell, outside of the activated region. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CampariEGphotonandp.pdf | |||||
| 607 | Conference Proceedings | Campari, E. G., Focardi, S., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F., Veronesi, F. | 2004 | Surface Analysis of hydrogen loaded nickel alloys | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Surface Analysis of hydrogen loaded nickel alloys | nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat | We present a surface analysis of nickel alloy rods loaded with hydrogen. By comparing these with a blank (unused) metal rod, morphological differences and a different composition of the surface are observed. These surface modifications follow a spatial distribution along the rod. These results are compared with a previous analysis of similar samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CampariEGsurfaceana.pdf | |||||
| 608 | Conference Proceedings | Campari, E. G., Focardi, S., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F., Veronesi, S. | 2004 | Overview Of H-Ni Systems: Old Experiments And New Setup | 5th Asti Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | Asti, Italy | Overview Of H-Ni Systems: Old Experiments And New Setup | nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat+, neutron, gamma emission transmutation | This is an overview of our experimental activity during the last twelve years. We have been studying the Ni-H system at temperatures of about 700 K. Our investigations have revealed several interesting effects: a) energy production for long time b) neutron emission c) gamma-ray emission d) charged particles emission e) appearance of elements other than Ni on the surfaces of Ni samples. These experiments were performed in several laboratories: the greatest part in Siena but also in Bologna, Colleferro and Pavia. A new laboratory in Colle Val d?lsa (Siena) will become operative in the summer 2004. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CampariEGoverviewof.pdf | |||||
| 609 | Journal Article | Campbell, R. B., Perkins, L. J. | 1989 | A study of 'cold fusion' in deuterated titanium subjected to high-current densities | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | A study of 'cold fusion' in deuterated titanium subjected to high-current densities | Ti, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, current density, loading | ||||||||
| 610 | Conference Proceedings | Campbell, C. | 2003 | The Cold Fusion Phenomenon: A Hypothesis | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The Cold Fusion Phenomenon: A Hypothesis | theory | |||||
| 611 | Conference Proceedings | Caneve, L. | 2009 | Characterization of Materials by Means of Laser-Based Techniques (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Characterization of Materials by Means of Laser-Based Techniques (PowerPoint slides) | materials | Laser-based techniques are more and more used in the field of materials processing and analysis. In particular, laser spectroscopic techniques as the Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) have been applied to investigate the chemical-physical properties and the morphological structure of several kinds of materials. Some results in different fields of application are reported. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CaneveLcharacteri.pdf | ||||
| 612 | Conference Proceedings | Caneve, L. | 2009 | Characterization of materials by means of laser-based techniques | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Characterization of materials by means of laser-based techniques | Laser-based techniques are more and more used in the field of materials processing and analysis. In particular, laser spectroscopic techniques as the Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) have been applied to investigate the chemical-physical properties and the morphological structure of several kinds of materials. Some results in different fields of application are reported. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=214 | |||||
| 613 | Journal Article | Cannizzaro, F., Greco, G., Raneli, M., Spitale, M. C., Tomarchio, E. | 1992 | Search for neutrons as evidence of cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Search for neutrons as evidence of cold fusion | electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 614 | Conference Proceedings | Cantwell, R. | 2007 | Update on results as Coolescence, LLC (PowerPoint slides) | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Update on results as Coolescence, LLC (PowerPoint slides) | glow discharge, calorimetry | Update on results at Coolescence, Inc., in calorimetry, glow discharge and gas flow initiated LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CantwellRupdateonre.pdf | |||||
| 615 | Conference Proceedings | Cantwell, R., McConnell, M. | 2008 | Partial Replication of Storms/Scanlan Glow Discharge Radiation | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Partial Replication of Storms/Scanlan Glow Discharge Radiation | glow diacharge | The Storms/Scanlan paper1 presented at the 8th international workshop in Catania described two types of radiation produced in a deuterium glow discharge. One type was thought to be mono energetic electrons in the 0.8 MeV range. A second type of emission, obtained when oxygen was added to the D2, was also described by Storms/Scanlan. We have produced radiation with similar characteristics to this second type of emission. This radiation has been characterized with GM tubes, absorbers, silicon diode detector, and magnetic deflection. We propose that conventional low energy x-rays would produce behavior consistent with our observations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CantwellRpartialrep.pdf | |||||
| 616 | Conference Proceedings | Cantwell, R., McConnell, M. | 2011 | Search for charged particle emissions resulting from Pd-D Co-Deposition (PowerPoint slides) | ACS National Meeting | Anaheim, CA | Search for charged particle emissions resulting from Pd-D Co-Deposition (PowerPoint slides) | Neutron, cr-39 | We have attempted to replicate Pd-D Co-Deposition charged particle results reported by Mosier-Boss et al. CR-39 pits similar to those reported by Mosier-Boss et al. were found using both in-situ CR-39 and Mylar-protected CR-39. However, CR-39 protected by a combination of Mylar and a small air gap did not show any pits. The electrolyte, as its chemistry changes during the electrolysis, is shown to damage the acrylic cell containing the experiment and to damage an aluminum foil separated from the electrolyte by a Mylar film. This damage together with the absence of pits when a small air gap is added to the Mylar protection suggests chemical reactions may be the source of the observed CR-39 pits. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CantwellRsearchforc.pdf | |||||
| 617 | Conference Paper | Cantwell, R., McConnell, D., Claytor, T. N. | 2012 | Search for excess heat in metal cathodes exposed to pulsed hydrogen plasma (PowerPoint slides) | 10th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen Loaded Metals | tritium, excess heat | Claytor tritium since early 90's: High current, high pressure. This work in this pressure/current/voltage regime Karabut variety of effects since ?92: Low pressure, lower current. Reference only - this work does not attempt to replicate Karabut. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CantwellRsearchfore.pdf | |||||||
| 618 | Journal Article | Capek, V., Czech, J. | 1989 | Tunnelling efficiency and the problem of cold fusion | Phys., Vol = B39 | Tunnelling efficiency and the problem of cold fusion | Theory, tunnelling | ||||||||
| 619 | Conference Proceedings | Caravella, A., Barbieri, G., Drioli, E. | 2009 | Concentration polarization in Pd-based membranes for hydrogen separation: modeling and simulation | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Concentration polarization in Pd-based membranes for hydrogen separation: modeling and simulation | In this study, a new hydrogen permeation model through Pd-based membranes is developed and used to analyze the role of the concentration polarization. According to this new model, the entire hydrogen permeation process is divided into several elementary steps: multicomponent mass transport in the feed and permeate side, adsorption and desorption on/from the membrane surface, absorption and de-absorption into/from the metal lattice, diffusion through the Pd-based bulk and multicomponent mass transport through an asymmetric multilayered porous support. Each of these steps is modeled by means of some equations whose solution provides as result the value of transmembrane flux and the hydrogen partial pressure profile through the membrane. The influence of each step is evaluated as a function of several operating conditions (membrane thickness, temperature, fluid-dynamic conditions, hydrogen partial pressure on feed and permeate side). The effect of the mass transfer in the feed and permeate side is evaluated in terms of concentration polarization effect by defining an opportune coefficient and analyzing its behaviour in different conditions. As results, the investigation shows that the influence of the polarization can be appreciable even for not so thin membranes and provides some 'polarization maps', which are diagrams where the polarization level (in terms of CPC) can be directly visualized and simply estimated once knowing the external operating conditions. Hence, these maps can be very useful in order to predict better the membrane performances and, consequently, reduce the uncertainness during the design step of the membrane modules. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=198 | |||||
| 620 | Journal Article | Cardone, F., Petrucci, A., Mignani, R. | 2012 | Piezonuclear Neutrons from Iron | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | Piezonuclear Neutrons from Iron | Iron bars, Neutron spectrum, Nuclear transmutations, Piezonuclear reactions, Ultrasounds | We report the results of neutron measurements carried out during the application of ultrasounds to bars of iron and Steel. Like in our previous similar works with cavitated solutions of iron, neutrons were emitted in bursts and the spectrum of this peculiar emission was measured for the first time. A further and very interesting outcome of these experiments was the unexpected appearance of circular, macroscopical and regular damages on the lateral surface of the bars which was not directly in contact with the sonotrode. The superficial elemental micro-analysis on these spots showed some interesting and macroscopic departures of the concentration of chemical elements from that of the undamaged surface, which may suggest that, along with the emission of neutrons, some transmutations occurred as well. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=204 | ||||||
| 621 | Journal Article | Cardone, F., Albertini, G., Bassani, D., Cherubini, G., Rosetto, F., Guerriero, E., Mignani, R. | 2018 | Nuclear Metamorphosis in Mercury: Rare Earths Production | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Nuclear Metamorphosis in Mercury: Rare Earths Production | Deformed space-time, Local Lorentz invariance breakdown, Mercury, Nuclear reactions, Rare earths production | In two previous papers, we described the equipment and the results of an experiment in which nuclear reactions occurred in a mole of mercury, in a condition of Local Lorentz Invariance breakdown. The elemental analyses performed after the experiment showed the presence of elements which were not part of the setup before the treatment. However, some of the detected elements were not reported in the results as they needed further analysis. In this final paper, all the elements detected in the above-mentioned experiment are presented along with their concentration measured in the analysed samples. Of particular interest is the presence of some rare earth elements among them. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 622 | Magazine Article | Carey, J., Marbach, W. D., Gross, N., Symonds, W. | 1989 | Fusion in a Bottle: Miracle or Mistake? | Business Week | Fusion in a Bottle: Miracle or Mistake? | newspaper, history | ||||||||
| 623 | Journal Article | Carpenter, J. M. | 1989 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | critique, Jones | ||||||||
| 624 | Conference Proceedings | Carpinteri, A., Lacidogna, G. | 2009 | Piezonuclear Reactions in Inert Solids: Neutron Emissions from Brittle Fracture (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Piezonuclear Reactions in Inert Solids: Neutron Emissions from Brittle Fracture (PowerPoint slides) | fractofusion | Neutron emission measurements by means of helium-3 neutron detectors were performed on solid test specimens during crushing failure. The materials used were marble and granite, selected in that they present a different behaviour in compression failure (i.e., a different brittleness index) and a different iron content. All the test specimens were of the same size and shape. Neutron emissions from the granite test specimens were found to be about one order of magnitude larger than the natural background level at the time of failure. These neutron emissions were caused by piezonuclear reactions that occurred in the granite, but did not occur in the marble. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Carpinteripiezonucle.pdf | ||||
| 625 | Conference Proceedings | Carpinteri, A., Cardone, F., Lacidogna, G., Manuello, A., Boria, O. | 2009 | Piezonuclear reactions in inert solids revealed by neutron emissions from brittle fracture | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Piezonuclear reactions in inert solids revealed by neutron emissions from brittle fracture | Neutron emission measurements by means of 3He neutron detectors were performed on solid test specimens during crushing failure. The tests were carried out at the Laboratory of Fracture Mechanics of the Politecnico di Torino. The materials used were marble and granite, selected in that they present a different behaviour in compression failure (i.e., a different brittleness index) and a different iron content. All the test specimens were of the same size and shape. Neutron emissions from the granite test specimens were found to be of about one order of magnitude higher than the natural background level at the time of failure. These neutron emissions should be caused by nucleolysis or piezonuclear 'fissions' that occurred in the granite, but did not occur in the marble: Fe 2Al14 2 neutrons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=68 | |||||
| 626 | Journal Article | Carpinteri, A., Manuello, A., Veneziano, D., Cook, N. | 2015 | Piezonuclear Fission Reactions Simulated by the Lattice Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 149 Piezonuclear Fission Reactions Simulated by the Lattice Model | Earth crust composition, Lattice model, Nuclear cold fusion, Piezonuclear fission reactions | Recent experiments conducted on natural rocks subjected to different mechanical loading conditions have shown energy emissions in the form of neutrons and anomalous chemical changes. In the present study, a numerical model is used to simulate the anomalous nuclear products according to the fission interpretation. Specifically, the reactions were simulated by means of a nuclear lattice model assuming that nucleons are ordered in an antiferromagnetic face-centered-cubic (fcc) array. The simulations indicate that small and middle-sized nuclei can be fractured along weakly bound planes of the lattice structure. It is argued that the simulations provide theoretical support for the experimentally-observed reactions and, moreover, that the probabilities calculated for various low-energy fissions can be used to explain the stepwise changes in the element abundances of the Earth's crust, evolved from basaltic to sialic composition over geological time. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=156 | ||||||
| 627 | Journal Article | Carpinteri, A., Borla, O., Manuello, A., Veneziano, D., Goi, A. | 2015 | Hydrogen Embrittlement and Piezonuclear Reactions in Electrolysis Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 162 Hydrogen Embrittlement and Piezonuclear Reactions in Electrolysis Experiments | Cold nuclear fusion, Electrolysis, Hydrogen embrittlement, Piezonuclear fissions | Several evidences of anomalous nuclear reactions occurring in condensed matter have been observed in the phenomena of electrolysis, fracture (solids), and cavitation (liquids). Despite the great amount of experimental results coming from the so-called Cold Nuclear Fusion and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions research activities, the comprehension of these phenomena still remains unanswered. On the other hand, as reported by most of the articles devoted to Cold Nuclear Fusion, one of the principal features is the appearance of micro-cracks on the electrode surfaces after the experiments. In the present paper, a mechanical explanation is proposed considering a new kind of nuclear reactions, the piezonuclear fissions, which are a consequence of hydrogen embrittlement of the electrodes during electrolysis. The experimental activity was conducted using a Ni??e anode and a Co??r cathode immersed in a potassium carbonate solution. Emissions of neutrons and alpha particles were measured during the experiments and the electrode compositions were analyzed both before and after the electrolysis, recognizing the effects of piezonuclear fissions occurring in the host lattices. The symmetrical fission of Ni appears to be the main and most evident feature. Such reaction would produce two Si atoms or two Mg atoms with additional fragments as alpha particles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=169 | ||||||
| 628 | Journal Article | Carson, A. W., Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A. | 1959 | Electrode Potentials and Compound Formation in the Palladium-Platinum-Hydrogen System | Nature (London), Vol = 183 | Electrode Potentials and Compound Formation in the Palladium-Platinum-Hydrogen System | Pd-Pt, phase Diagram, overvoltage, H2O | ||||||||
| 629 | Journal Article | Carson, A. W., Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A. | 1960 | Proton Transfer Between Pd/H and Pd/Pt/H Electrodes | Trans. Faraday Soc., Vol = 56 | Proton Transfer Between Pd/H and Pd/Pt/H Electrodes | Overvoltage, Pd, Pt, H2 | ||||||||
| 630 | Journal Article | Carson, A. W., Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A. | 1960 | Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium/Platinum Alloys | Faraday Soc., Vol = 56 | Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium/Platinum Alloys | Pd, Pt, H, overvoltage, resistivity | ||||||||
| 631 | Report | Carstens, D. H. W., David, W. R. | 1989 | Equilibrium Measurements in the Beta Region of Palladium Protide and Palladium Deuteride | Faraday Soc., Vol = 56 | Los Alamos | Equilibrium Measurements in the Beta Region of Palladium Protide and Palladium Deuteride | PdD, D2, H2, phase Diagram, pressure, PdH | |||||||
| 632 | Report | Carstens, D. H. W. | 1990 | An Apparatus for Studies of Hydrogen Isotope Exchange over Metals Using Laser-Raman Spectroscopy | Faraday Soc., Vol = 56 | Los Alamos | An Apparatus for Studies of Hydrogen Isotope Exchange over Metals Using Laser-Raman Spectroscopy | PdD, deuterium, hydrogen, Raman | |||||||
| 633 | Conference Proceedings | Case, M., Boehm, R. | 1990 | Assessment of thermal energy output from electrochemical cells - a critical review | HDT (Am. Soc. Mech. Eng.) 151 (Heat Transfer Adv. Energy Syst.) | Assessment of thermal energy output from electrochemical cells - a critical review | review, heat, method | ||||||||
| 634 | Journal Article | Case, L. C. | 1991 | The reality of 'cold fusion' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | The reality of 'cold fusion' | theory, d-t, fusion | ||||||||
| 635 | Conference Proceedings | Case, L. C. | 1998 | Catalytic Fusion of Deuterium into Helium-4 | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 48 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Catalytic Fusion of Deuterium into Helium-4 | Pd-black He+, heat+, D2, catalyst, ICCF-7, particle | Long empirical study has defined one specific set of experimental conditions under which D2 reproducibly undergoes nuclear fusion under mild laboratory conditions. Gaseous D2 is contacted with a supported metallic catalyst at superatmospheric pressure, and about 130-300? C. The catalyst is a platinum-group metal, at about 1/2% to 1% by weight, on activated carbon. Pd, Pt, Ir and Rh all work, and Ru has not been carefully studied yet. (Pd is preferred). This type of PGM on activated carbon is one of the standard hetero?eneous catalysts employed in the chemical industry, but the useful range of PGM content is much narrower than is known to be generally useful. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CaseLCcatalyticf.pdf | ||
| 636 | Conference Proceedings | Case, L. C. | 2002 | There is a Fleischmann-Pons effect. The process is electrolytic, but the effect is catalytic | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | There is a Fleischmann-Pons effect. The process is electrolytic, but the effect is catalytic 3985 | electrolysis, ICCF-9, D2O, H2O, case catalyst, heat | |||||
| 637 | Conference Proceedings | Castagna, E., Sibilia, C., Paoloni, S., Violante, V., Sarto, F. | 2005 | Surface plasmons and low-energy nuclear reactions triggering | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Surface plasmons and low-energy nuclear reactions triggering | theory, plasmons | ||||||
| 638 | Conference Proceedings | Castagna, E., Sansovini, M., Lecci, S., Rufoloni, A., Sarto, F., Violante, V., Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., Hubler, G. K., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2008 | Metallurgical characterization of Pd electrodes employed in calorimetric experiments under electrochemical deuterium loading | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Metallurgical characterization of Pd electrodes employed in calorimetric experiments under electrochemical deuterium loading | metallurgy | A systematic approach has been followed in the production and characterization of Pd foils to be used in excess heat production experiments. Starting with a metal foil as supplied, palladium samples have been fabricated and characterized in a step by step process, and then subjected to electrolysis deuterium loading. The characterized metallurgical properties include the main grain size, the grain boundary, the material Vickers hardness, and the crystal grain orientation. Electrochemical properties that are recorded include the D/Pd loading ratio and the D/Pd low current loading ratio. A suitable correlation parameter has been defined and correlations have been found between excess heat production and individual properties; i.e. the mean grain size, grain boundary, material hardness, crystal grain orientation, deuterium loading and low-current deuterium loading level. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CastagnaEmetallurgi.pdf | |||||
| 639 | Conference Proceedings | Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F., Violante, V. | 2009 | Interaction Of The Electromagnetic Radiation With The Surface Of Palladium Hydride Cathodes (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Interaction Of The Electromagnetic Radiation With The Surface Of Palladium Hydride Cathodes (PowerPoint slides) | materials | The change of the electronic density of metallic Pd due to the hydride formation and to the build-up of the double layer, rising at the metal-dielectric interface when an electric field is? applied, is involved in the variation of the metal dielectric function. A model including also metal surface roughness has been developed to take into account such modifications. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CastagnaEinteractio.pdf | ||||
| 640 | Conference Proceedings | Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F., Violante, V. | 2009 | Interaction of the Electromagnetic Radiation with the Surface of Palladium Hydride Cathodes | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Interaction of the Electromagnetic Radiation with the Surface of Palladium Hydride Cathodes | The change of the electronic density of metallic Pd due to the hydride formation and to the build-up of the double layer, rising at the metal-dielectric interface when an electric field is applied, is involved in the variation of the metal dielectric function. A model including also metal surface roughness has been developed to take into account such modifications. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=188 | |||||
| 641 | Journal Article | Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F., Violante, V. | 2012 | Correlation Between Surface Properties and Anomalous Effects in F&P Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | Correlation Between Surface Properties and Anomalous Effects in F&P Experiments | Atomic force microscopes, Electron states at surfaces and interfaces, Optical properties of surfaces | The reproducibility of anomalous excess heat production during electro-chemical deuterium permeation of Pd cathodes has been recently observed1 to be strongly correlated with the palladium surface properties (easy loading at low current, crystal grain distribution, crystallographic orientation, and surface morphology). The understanding of the physical mechanism that is responsible for such observed correlation is very challenging and it is complicated further by the fact that the different features are not, in principle, independent each from the other. In this work, the experimental results concerning the correlation of the excess heat production with the cathode surface properties are reviewed and some possible connections of the observed effects with the deuterium kinetics inside the palladium and the electromagnetic interactions at the metal/electrolyte interface are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=55 | ||||||
| 642 | Conference Proceedings | Castano, C. H., Kim, S-O., Lipson, A. G., Woo, T., Miley, G. H. | 2002 | In-Situ Charactorization of Sputtered Pd Thin-Films Undergoing Electrolysis | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | In-Situ Charactorization of Sputtered Pd Thin-Films Undergoing Electrolysis | electrolysis, heat | ||||||
| 643 | Conference Proceedings | Castano, C. H., Lipson, A. G., Kim, S-O., Miley, G. H. | 2002 | Calorimetric Measurements During Pd-Ni Thin Film-cathodes Electrolysis in Li2SO4/H2O Solution | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | Calorimetric Measurements During Pd-Ni Thin Film-cathodes Electrolysis in Li2SO4/H2O Solution | electrolysis, heat | A sensitive open-type calorimeter was used to measure excess heat production during electrolysis in Li2SO4/H2O solution with Pt-anode and Pd-Ni thin film cathodes 9000 ? thick, sputtered on Al2O3 substrate. In order to estimate the actual performance and possible measurement errors during electrolysis in the calorimeter used, including heat convection, bubbling and possible H2+O2 recombination, smooth Pt sheets were used as cathodes in special reference runs. It is shown that the Alumina/ Pd-Ni sample that survived during electrolysis achieved excess heat production of 20-25% of the input power (equivalent to 300 ? 30 mW). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CastanoCHcalorimetr.pdf | ||||
| 644 | Journal Article | Castellan, G. W., Hoare, J. P., Schuldiner, S. | 1958 | Electrochemical behavior of the palladium-hydrogen system.(II). Thermodynamic considerations | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 28 | Electrochemical behavior of the palladium-hydrogen system.(II). Thermodynamic considerations | Pd, H2, phase Diagram, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 645 | Conference Proceedings | Castellano, Di Giulio, M., Dinescu, M., Nassisi, V., Conte, A., Pompa, P. P. | 2000 | Nuclear Transmutation in Deutered Pd Films Irradiated by an UV Laser | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 287 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Nuclear Transmutation in Deutered Pd Films Irradiated by an UV Laser | laser, Pd, layer, D2, transmutation, ICCF-8 | ABSTRACT Nuclear transmutation results in palladium films loaded with deuterium gas and processed by an excimer laser are reported. Vacuum evaporation was utilised to obtain palladium films on Si wafers. The films were inserted in chambers with deuterium gas at a variable pressure up to 5 bar. During the UV laser processing the maximum irradiating energy density was lower than 50 mJ/cm in order to avoid the ablation of the palladium films. The samples were analysed by a scanning electron microscope and an electron probe microanalyzer. After the experiments, we found that the Pd films was modified. They presented many cracks and bubbles with very sharp edges. In the bubbles the transmutation of elements was observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Castellanonucleartra.pdf | ||
| 646 | Journal Article | Catlett, D. S., Spencer, J. N., Vogt, G. J. | 1973 | Hydrogen Transport in Lithium Hydride as a Function of Pressure | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 58 | Hydrogen Transport in Lithium Hydride as a Function of Pressure | pressure, diffusion, LiH | ||||||||
| 647 | Journal Article | Cau, A. | 1996 | Natural nuclear synthesis of superheavy elements (SHE) | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 155 | Natural nuclear synthesis of superheavy elements (SHE) | alchemy, theory, transmutation | ||||||||
| 648 | Film or Broadcast | CBS | 2009 | 60 Minutes, Cold Fusion is Hot Again | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 155 | 60 Minutes, Cold Fusion is Hot Again | review | ||||||||
| 649 | Journal Article | Cecil, F. E., Cole, D. M., Wilkinson, F. J., Medley, S. S. | 1985 | Measurement and Application of DD-gamma, DT-gamma and D He -gamma Reactions at Low Energy | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 10-11 | Measurement and Application of DD-gamma, DT-gamma and D He -gamma Reactions at Low Energy | gamma emission branching Ratio | ||||||||
| 650 | Journal Article | Cecil, F. E., Cole, D. M., Wilkinson, F. J. | 1985 | Measurement and Application of DDg, DTg and D3Heg Reactions at Low Energy | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 10/11 | Measurement and Application of DDg, DTg and D3Heg Reactions at Low Energy | fusion, gamma emission, deuterium, Branching Ratio D-D | ||||||||
| 651 | Conference Proceedings | Cecil, F. E., Liu, H., Beddingfield, D. H., Galovich, C. S. | 1990 | Observation of Charged-Particle Bursts from Deuterium-Loaded Thin-Titanium Foils | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 375 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Observation of Charged-Particle Bursts from Deuterium-Loaded Thin-Titanium Foils | particle emission, Ti, D2 | ||||
| 652 | Journal Article | Cecil, F. E., Ferg, D., Furtak, T. E., Mader, C., McNeil, J. A., Williamson, D. L. | 1990 | Study of energetic charged particles emitted from thin deuterated palladium foils subject to high current densities | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 195 | Study of energetic charged particles emitted from thin deuterated palladium foils subject to high current densities | Pd, ion implantation, D+, H+, particle emission | ||||||||
| 653 | Conference Proceedings | Cecil, F. E., Hale, G. M. | 1991 | Measurement of D-D and D-6Li Nuclear Reactions at Very Low Energies | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 271 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Measurement of D-D and D-6Li Nuclear Reactions at Very Low Energies | fusion, T/n, rate, cross section, low energy, ion bombardment, ICCF-2, branching ratio | The nuclear reactions of very low energy deuterons (down to center-of-mass energies of 2 keV) with deuterons and 6Li have been measured. The measured D-D reactions are in good with agreement recent R-matrix calculations. The reaction ratios D(d,p)T/D(d,n)3He and 6Li(d,p)7Li/6Li(d,α)4He in particular were examined for possible evidence of an Oppenheimer-Phillips type enhancement. No significant enhancement was found in either ratio or in the absolute yields of the reactions. The radiative capture reactions D(d,γ)4He and 6Li(d,γ)8Be were likewise measured. The branching ratios of these radiative capture reactions to the nucleonic branches of the reactions appear roughly independent of energy. The role of these reactions in the production of heat in cold-fusion experiments is evaluated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CecilFEmeasuremenb.pdf | ||
| 654 | Journal Article | Cecil, F. E., Liu, H., Yan, J. S. | 1993 | Measurements of branching ratios of low energy deuteron-induced nuclear reactions on 2H, 6Li, and 10B | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 47 | Measurements of branching ratios of low energy deuteron-induced nuclear reactions on 2H, 6Li, and 10B | branching ratio, ion beam, Oppenheimer-Phillips, theory | ||||||||
| 655 | Conference Proceedings | Cecil, F. E., Liu, H., Galovich, C. S. | 2003 | Energetic Charged Particles from Deuterium Metal Systems | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Energetic Charged Particles from Deuterium Metal Systems | Charged particle | We report on measurements made a number of years ago of energetic charged particles which were emitted from deuterium metal systems subject to non-equilibrium conditions of temperatures and electric currents. These measurements include (i) thin Titanium foils deuterated at moderately high temperatures in a deuterium atmosphere and then monitored as they were cycled from LN2 to room temperatures; (ii) charged particle detection of Ti foils exposed to a deuterium glow discharge; and (iii) observation of charged particles from Ti foils following bombardment with energetic deuterium ions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CecilFEenergeticc.pdf | |||
| 656 | Conference Proceedings | Cedzynska, K., Barrowes, S. C., Bergeson, H. E., Knight, L. C., Will, F. G. | 1990 | Tritium Analysis in Palladium With an Open System Analytical Procedure | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 463 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Tritium Analysis in Palladium With an Open System Analytical Procedure | tritium, analysis, Pd, method | ||||
| 657 | Journal Article | Cedzynska, K., Barrowes, S. C., Bergeson, H. E., Knight, L. C., Will, F. G. | 1991 | Tritium analysis in palladium with an open system analytical procedure | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Tritium analysis in palladium with an open system analytical procedure | electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O, analysis, method | ||||||||
| 658 | Journal Article | Cedzynska, K., Will, F. G. | 1992 | Closed-system analysis of tritium in palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Closed-system analysis of tritium in palladium | electrolysis, Pd, tritium, method, analysis | ||||||||
| 659 | Report | Celani, F., Di Stefano, V., Pace, S., Bianco, S. | 1989 | Preliminary Measurements on Electrolytic Cold Fusion at Underground Gran Sasso Laboratory | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Preliminary Measurements on Electrolytic Cold Fusion at Underground Gran Sasso Laboratory | Pd, D2O, Ti, gamma, neutron, chargedParticle | ||||||||
| 660 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Liberatori, L., Stella, B., Ferrarotto, F., Corradi, M., Marini, P., Fortunati, S., Tului, M. | 1990 | Measurements in the Grans Sasso Laboratory: Evidence for Nuclear Effects in Electrolysis With Pd/Ti and Different Tests with Deuterium Hight-Temperature Superconductors | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 62 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Measurements in the Grans Sasso Laboratory: Evidence for Nuclear Effects in Electrolysis With Pd/Ti and Different Tests with Deuterium Hight-Temperature Superconductors | neutron, Pd, Ti, D, D2O, superconductor | ||||
| 661 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Pace, S., Polichetti, B., Saggese, A., Di Liberatori, L., Di Stefano, V., Marini, P. | 1990 | Further measurements on electrolytic cold fusion with D2O and palladium at Gran Sasso Laboratory | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Further measurements on electrolytic cold fusion with D2O and palladium at Gran Sasso Laboratory | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission D2O | ||||||||
| 662 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Liberatori, L., Croce, F., Storelli, L., Fortunati, S., Tului, M., Sparvieri, N. | 1991 | Search for Neutron Emission from Deuterided High Temperature Superconductors in a Very Low Background Environment | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 113 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Search for Neutron Emission from Deuterided High Temperature Superconductors in a Very Low Background Environment | superconductor, neutron, D2, ICCF-2, YBaCuO | Following the experiments performed with deuterided High Temperature SuperConductors (HTSC) at underground Gran Sasso Laboratory, we have learnt the capacity to absorb Deuterium (D) by these materials and the role played by non-equilibrium conditions to get neutron burst emissions in the framework of Cold Fusion. So far, some Y1Ba2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) pellets and high pressure D2 gas were enclosed in a stainless steal vessel and a charging-up procedure was performe d. The vessel was put in a thermal neutrons field and some thermal cycles (300-> 77-> 300 K) were performed; moreover, for comparison, background and blank runs were performed. A specific acquisition system, able to detect multiple neutron signals in defmed time-windows ('time correlated events'), was set-up. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=128 | ||
| 663 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Nuvoli, A. | 1992 | Measurement of Excess Heat and Tritium During Self-Biased Pulsed Electrolysis of Pd-D2O | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 93 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Measurement of Excess Heat and Tritium During Self-Biased Pulsed Electrolysis of Pd-D2O | heat+, tritium, Pd, D2O, pulse, ICCF-3, electrolysis | After Takahashi reported large excess heat with pulsed electrolysis, we built a gas-closed flow calorimeter to perform pulsed current electrolysis. Blank tests using Au plate cathodes were carried out to characterize the system. Four cold-worked Pd sheets were tested, and two of them produced 7.5% and 6% mean excess heat for many weeks. The others Pd sheets did not produce excess heat in most tests, although one of them, after deuterium reloading, produced up to 25% excess heat, but only for few hours. Tritium analysis was carried out and some coincidence between tritium production and excess heat was found. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFmeasuremena.pdf | ||
| 664 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Liberatori, L., Croce, F., Storelli, L., Fortunati, S., Tului, M., Sparvieri, N. | 1992 | Search for enhancement of neutron emission from neutron-irradiated, deuterated, high-temperature superconductors in a very low background environment | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Search for enhancement of neutron emission from neutron-irradiated, deuterated, high-temperature superconductors in a very low background environment | neutron, superconductivity, theory, D2 | ||||||||
| 665 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Nuvoli, A., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Boutet, M., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V. | 1993 | High Power ? Pulsed Electrolysis for Large Deuterium Loading on Pd Plates | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 22-1 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | High Power ? Pulsed Electrolysis for Large Deuterium Loading on Pd Plates | loading, Pd, D2O, heat+, overvoltage, resistance, hardness, ICCF-4, electrolysis | An high peak current (up to 100 A) and a very short pulse (1 microsecond) generator was used to perform electrolysis in D2O-LiOD solution using a Pd sheet as a cathode and a Pt net as an anode. This high power pulse (up to 50 KW) can be rated up to 20 KHz. Very high D/Pd values (up to about 1:1) has been reached with any cold-worked Pd sheets used. A very hard sheet (about 300 Hv) has generated an excess heat of the order of 15% for a long time (some weeks). Some considerations about the metallurgy of electrodes are performed and an effort is made to correlate the excess heat with metallurgical parameters, over-voltage and surface resistance. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf#page=497 | |||
| 666 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Boutet, M., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V. | 1994 | D/Pd Loading Ratio up to 1.2:1 by High Power ? Pulsed Electrolysis in Pd Plates | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 167 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | D/Pd Loading Ratio up to 1.2:1 by High Power ? Pulsed Electrolysis in Pd Plates | Pd, D2O, pulse loading | ||||
| 667 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Petrocchi, A., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Nakamura, M., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Preparata, G., Verpelli, M. | 1995 | Numerical Simulation of Deuterium Loading Profile in Palladium and Palladium Alloy Plates From Experimental Data Obtained Using ? Pulsed Electrolysis | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 407 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Numerical Simulation of Deuterium Loading Profile in Palladium and Palladium Alloy Plates From Experimental Data Obtained Using ? Pulsed Electrolysis | Pd, loading, Ag-Pd, Ce-Pd, Pd-V, diffusion, pulsed loading, ICCF-5, electrolysis | Various palladium cathodes hav e been studied to determine the i nfluence of metallurgy and surface treatment o n deuterium loading. In this paper we apply a numerical solution to the appropriate differential equation to calculate the time dependent local deuterium concentration i n side the plates. We use experimentally determined deuterium coefficients for the alpha, beta and gamma phases. We find the highest concentration gradient in the case of oxidized samples. Calculates loading rate using Pd, oxidized Pd, PdAg, PdCe and PdY using diffusion equation combined with pulsed loading data. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=212 | ||
| 668 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Diociaiuti, M., Mancini, A. | 1995 | Study of Deuterium Charging Behavior in Palladium and Palladium Alloy Plates, Charging Surface Treatments, by ? Pulsed Electrolysis | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 411 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Study of Deuterium Charging Behavior in Palladium and Palladium Alloy Plates, Charging Surface Treatments, by ? Pulsed Electrolysis | Pd, loading, pulse, D2, surface, oxidation, electrolysis, ICCF-5 | A systematic study about deuterium loading in palladium has been performed. Palladium cold worked plates and palladium alloy plates have been used as comparison. A proper plate surface oxidation has been performed and anomalous absorption rates have been measured. A high peak current (15 A), short width pulse (duration 1 μs) electrolysis technique has been used to test all cathode plates and it is visible that this technique permits to reach very high D/Pd loading values (around 1/1 or even more for palladium). At the beginning of the loading, in close relation with the anomalous absorption rate, a bump of excess heat has been measured in two similar oxidized surface palladium plates. All these tests show that the loading is completely reproducible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFstudyofdeu.pdf | ||
| 669 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Pace, S., Mancini, A. | 1995 | High Power ? Pulsed Electrolysis Using Palladium Wires: Evidence for a Possible 'Phase' Transition Under Deuterium Overloaded Conditions and Related Excess Heat | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 57 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | High Power ? Pulsed Electrolysis Using Palladium Wires: Evidence for a Possible 'Phase' Transition Under Deuterium Overloaded Conditions and Related Excess Heat | D2O, heat+, electrolysis, Pd, pulse, electromigration, resistivity, ICCF-5 | Abstract In this paper we describe an electrolytic experiment aimed at reaching high deuterium concentration gradients in palladium wires, using the electromigration effect. We will describe the selection criteria of experimental parameters and we will show results of our loading and c alorimetric measurements. These tests reveal that a high mean value of D/Pd has been reached in a short time and that there is a correlation between an anomalous heat emissio n and an electric resistivity 'transition' of the overloaded palladium. Ed: Ni anode used. Used pulses with rise time of 100ns, 750-1500 ns duration, dead time of 99 ns at 5-20 kHz repetition rate with peak voltage of 80-200 V. D/Pd determined from resistance. 5W of excess power seen. Cyclic effect seen in D/Pd and excess power production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=73 | ||
| 670 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Mancini, A., Pace, S. | 1996 | New Kinds of Electrolytic Regimes and Geometrical Configurations to Obtain Anomalous Results in Pd(M)-D Systems | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 93 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | New Kinds of Electrolytic Regimes and Geometrical Configurations to Obtain Anomalous Results in Pd(M)-D Systems | heat+, Pd, electrolysis, Coehn, electromigration. D2O, ICCF-6 | Electrolyses of long and thin Pd (and PdY alloy) wires, in dilute solutions of LiOD-D20 and LiOHH20 at large operating voltages, were made. An innovative kind of geometrical set-up to improve the efficiency of electromigration effect in proton conductors was developed: the usual 'single-ended' geometry at the most cathodic point of the wire changed to the 'central wire' geometry. The detected excess heat seems to be related to: (HID) isotopic effect, lattice characteristics, geometrical set-up, dynamic variation of concentration inside Pd wire, anode-cathode and inter-cathodic voltages. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=108 | ||
| 671 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Marini, P., Mancini, A. | 1996 | Observations of strong resistivity reduction in a palladium thin long wire using ultra-high frequency pulse electrolysis at D/Pd>1 | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 228 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Observations of strong resistivity reduction in a palladium thin long wire using ultra-high frequency pulse electrolysis at D/Pd>1 | Pd, loading, resistivity, pulsed electrolysis, ICCF-6 | We performed an ultra-short width high voltage pulse electrolysis using a Pd thin wire cathode; a diluted electrolytic solution of D2P+LiOD was used in a peculiar wire-turned electrodes geometry. The deuterated Pd loading was evaluated by the D/Pd normalized electric resistance curve (R/Ro). After a long time of electrolysis a very high D/Pd loading (1:1 or more) was reached. Very low R/Ro (<0.1) Pd wire was measured after switching of electrolysis and this effect lasted for several minutes. The deuterium deloading occurred in several typologies (fast and slow terms) showed as a resistance transition on the Pd wire. This effect can be related to a peculiar surface structural condition. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFobservatio.pdf | |||
| 672 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Boutet, A. | 1996 | Reproducible D/Pd ratio > 1 and excess heat correlation by 1-microsec-pulse, high-current electrolysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | Reproducible D/Pd ratio > 1 and excess heat correlation by 1-microsec-pulse, high-current electrolysis | pulsed electrolysis, heat+, D2O, loading | A high-current (up to 100 A), short-pulse (1-μs du?ation) electrolysis technique is presented that permits high loading (D/Pd up to 1.2) of deuterium in palla?ium cathodes. Several different cold-worked palladium plates were used as cathodes, and some underwent sur?ace treatments (oxidation or addition of intermetallic compounds). The surface-treated plates showed atypical deuterium absorption dynamics, and the D/Pd loading ratio exceeded 1. Moreover, during initial loading, these cathodes showed anomalous excess heat (up to 80%) far greater than the absorption enthalpy. The pure pal?adium surface plates did not show this effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFreproducib.pdf | ||||||
| 673 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Petrocchi, A., Di Gioacchino, D., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Pace, S., Mancini, A. | 1996 | Deuterium overloading of palladium wires by means of high power microsecond pulsed electrolysis and electromigration: suggestions of a 'phase transition' and related excess heat | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 214 | Deuterium overloading of palladium wires by means of high power microsecond pulsed electrolysis and electromigration: suggestions of a 'phase transition' and related excess heat | pulsed electrolysis, loading, heat+, Coehn Pd, D2O, superconductivity | We describe room-temperature hydrogen and deuterium loading of palladium wires by means of pulsed electrolysis and the electromigration effect. The D/Pd atomic ratio has been measured by means of the dependence of the resistivity upon the D/Pd ratio. Values of the D/Pd ratio up to 0.95 or even higher have been reached in short times. A correlation between an anomalous temperature rise and a resistivity 'transition' of the overloaded palladium clearly appears. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFdeuteriumo.pdf | ||||||
| 674 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F. | 1998 | Ultra high (over 1:1) H/Pd loading ratio using thin wires in acidic solution with addition of very low concentration impurities | Italian Physical Soc. | Salerno, Italy | Sept. 28 - Oct. 3, 1998 | Ultra high (over 1:1) H/Pd loading ratio using thin wires in acidic solution with addition of very low concentration impurities | loading, Pd, electrolysis | ||||||
| 675 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Achilli, M., Battaglia, A., Cattaneo, C., Buzzanca, C., Sona, P. G., Mancini, A. | 1998 | Preliminary Results with 'Cincinnati Group Cell' on Thorium 'Transmutation' under 50 Hz AC Excitation | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 56 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Preliminary Results with 'Cincinnati Group Cell' on Thorium 'Transmutation' under 50 Hz AC Excitation | transmutation, Th, plasma, ICCF-7 | We give the procedure and the results of experiments performed with a standard 'Cincinnati Group Cell', aimed to observe possible 'transmutation' of Th in other elements via an AC electrolytic process. Three techniques have been used to avoid bias due to spurious effects: uradiometry, ICPIMS and ICP/optical, looking at difference between initial and final solution and between blank (no Th) and black (with Th) processed solutions. We found deficit of Th after process and new elements produced. The results are still not conclusive on transmutation and we discuss arguments in favour and against the transmutation hypothesis. We clarify the critical points of the measurement techniques, adding some suggestions to improve the reliability of results in future measurements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=56 | ||
| 676 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Pace, S., Selvaggi, G., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A. | 1998 | The Effect of g-b Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 62 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The Effect of g-b Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | electromigration, loading PdD, gamma phase ICCF-7 phase diagram | It will be shown, using long and thin wires of Pd, that the Electromigration is a powerful tool to increase the H(D) loading in Pd only, and only if, some proper experimental set-up and conditions are fulfilled. Some of key interrelated parameters are: wire diameter, effective? wire temperature, strong barriers at most and less cathodic side, anode-cathode and intercathodic voltages, current densities, proper impurities on the Pd surface, ageing effects. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFtheeffecto.pdf | ||
| 677 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Pace, S., Selvaggi, G., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A. | 1998 | The Effect of Gamma-Beta Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | ICCF7, Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | The Effect of Gamma-Beta Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | electromigration, loading, PdD, gamma phase | |||||
| 678 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Pace, S., Selvaggi, G., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A. | 1998 | The Effect of Gamma-Bet Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | ICCF7, Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | The Effect of Gamma-Bet Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | electromigration, loading, PdD, gamma phase | |||||
| 679 | Journal Article | Celani, F. | 1999 | A study on the electrochemistry parameters to achieve reproducible high H/Pd and D/Pd vlues in relation to anomalous excess heat: proteobacteria contamination problematics | ICCF7, Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1 | A study on the electrochemistry parameters to achieve reproducible high H/Pd and D/Pd vlues in relation to anomalous excess heat: proteobacteria contamination problematics | loading, bacteria | ||||||||
| 680 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A., Pace, S., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Catena, C., D'Agostaro, G., Petraroli, R., Quercia, P., Righi, E., Trenta, G. | 2000 | High Hydrogen Loading into Thin Palladium Wires through Precipitate of Alkaline-Earth Carbonate on the Surface of Cathode: Evidence of New Phases in the Pd-H System and Unexpected Problems Due to Bacteria Contamination in the Heavy-Water | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 181 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | High Hydrogen Loading into Thin Palladium Wires through Precipitate of Alkaline-Earth Carbonate on the Surface of Cathode: Evidence of New Phases in the Pd-H System and Unexpected Problems Due to Bacteria Contamination in the Heavy-Water | loading, Pd, bacteria, heat, H2O, D2O, ICCF-8 | A new procedure has been developed at INFN Frascati Laboratory in order to achieve a very high Hydrogen or Deuterium electrolytic loading into a long and thin Palladium wire. This technique consists in the addition of a very small amount of alkaline-earth elements into a very diluted acidic solution. Because of enhancing pH values around the cathode, during the electrolysis, carbonates are able to precipitate onto the cathode's surface forming a thin layer which strongly increases the Pd loading; a computer simulation has been developed to find out the proper working conditions for the carbonates precipitation. Loading results of Hydrogen were excellent (H/Pd1). The evidence of a new phase in the Pd-H system was inferred from the basis of the variation of the thermal resistivity coefficient of the Pd wire as a function of the H/Pd ratio. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFhighhydrog.pdf | ||
| 681 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A., D'Agostaro, G., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Quercia, P., Catena, C., Andreassi, V., Fontana, F., Garbelli, D., Gamberale, L., Azzarone, D., Celia, E., Falcioni, F., Marchesini, M., Novaro, E. | 2002 | Unexpected Detection Of New Elements In Electrolytic Experiments With Deuterated Ethyl-Alcohol, Pd Wire, Sr And Hg Salts | JCF-4 | Morioka, Japan | Unexpected Detection Of New Elements In Electrolytic Experiments With Deuterated Ethyl-Alcohol, Pd Wire, Sr And Hg Salts | transmutation, Pd, thin-wire | Abstract The insoluble powder recovered at the bottom of our electrolytic cell, after several electrolytic deuterium loading/deloading cycles, was analysed by an ICP-MS analyser. The electrolyte was constituted of a deuterated hydro-alcoholic solution; Sr and Hg salts were added to such a solution at micromolar concentration; the cathode was a long and thin Pd? wire. The ICP-MS analyses of the insoluble powder were motivated from the recent results of Y. Iwamura and collaborators at Mitsubishi Heavy Industries-Research Center (Yokohama, Japan) showing reproducible 'transmutation' of Sr into Mo (isotopic composition different from natural one) and Cs into Pr, when a special multilayer Pd sheet was subjected to a prolonged Deuterium gas flowing. Some of our results look partially in agreement with Y. Iwamura report. Other unexpected elements were also detected with an isotopic distribution close to the natural one. The production of stable isotopes by Selective Channel Photofission, according to the model of A.Takahashi (Osaka University, Japan), can help for? nderstanding. Further works, hopefully also from other Laboratories, are needed to clarify these kinds of results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFunexpected.pdf | |||||
| 682 | Report | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Quercia, P., Mancini, A., D'Agostaro, G., Catena, C., Sandri, S., Nobili, C., Andressi, V. | 2002 | Evidence of anomalous tritium excess in D/Pd overloading experiments | JCF-4 | Laboratori Nazionali Di Frascati | 2002 | Evidence of anomalous tritium excess in D/Pd overloading experiments | tritium, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-9, alcohol | Measurements of Tritium have been performed, using a very low background and accurate instrumentation, on electrolytes before and after Deuterium absorption in Palladium wires. Tritium was always present in the electrolytic cells, having long and thin Palladium wires (carefully degassed) as cathode and Platinum wire as anode, because? 'normal contamination' of deuterated liquids. Two different kinds of electrolytes were used (unusual, for several aspects, to conventional ones adopted in Cold Fusion experiments): the first one was composed by heavy water in DCl acidic environment (pH=4.5) with the addition of Strontium (and Mercury) salts at micro-molar concentration, the second one was composed by heavy ethyl alcohol--heavy water solution (concentration ratio about 11:1), acidic environment (DCl+D2SO4), with the addition of Strontium and Mercury concentrated as before. We have found anomalous Tritium production (at large statistical significance) only when the achieved loading ratio (D/Pd) was quite large (about 0.95) and several loading/deloading cycles had been performed. | LNF-02/013 (P) http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFevidenceof.pdf | ||||
| 683 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A., D'Agostaro, G., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Quercia, P., Catena, C. | 2002 | Electrochemical D loading of palladium wires by heavy ethyl-alcohol and water electrolyte, related to Ralstonia bacteria problematics | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Electrochemical D loading of palladium wires by heavy ethyl-alcohol and water electrolyte, related to Ralstonia bacteria problematics 3987 | electrolysis, alcohol, Pd, wires, loading, ICCF-9, D2O | Taking in considerations the several effects of new kinds of bacteria living in heavy water (discovered by us in 1999), from the point of view of Deuterium (D) overloading inside Palladium (Pd), it was developed (since June 2001) a new kind of electrolyte based on mixture of alcohol and water (both heavy) with proper addition of Strontium (Sr) and Mercury (Hg) salts in an acidic environment (DCl, D2SO4): all these procedure according to what developed from our group since 1996 for H2O solutions (without H2SO4) and, since 2000, for light water-alcohol (with H2SO4). It was found excess heat (by high accuracy flow calorimeter) and excess Tritium (T) production (by low background T measurement instrumentation) only when the loading ratio was quite high and some movements to D inside Pd was performed. Efforts will be done to increase the absolute values of such experimental results, in the near future. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFelectrochea.pdf | |||
| 684 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Quercia, P., Mancini, A., D'Agostaro, G., Catena, C., Sandri, S., Nobili, C., Andressi, V. | 2002 | Evidence of anomalous tritium excess in D/Pd overloading experiments | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Evidence of anomalous tritium excess in D/Pd overloading experiments 3988 | tritium, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-9, alcohol | Measurements of Tritium have been performed, using a very low background and accurate instrumentation, on electrolytes before and after Deuterium absorption in Palladium wires. Tritium was always present in the electrolytic cells, having long and thin Palladium wires (carefully degassed) as cathode and Platinum wire as anode, because 'normal contamination' of deuterated liquids. Two different kinds of electrolytes were used (unusual, for several aspects, to conventional ones adopted in Cold Fusion experiments): the first one was composed by heavy water in DCl acidic environment (pH=4.5) with the addition of Strontium (and Mercury) salts at micro-molar concentration, the second one was composed by heavy ethyl alcohol--heavy water solution (concentration ratio about 11:1), acidic environment (DCl+D2SO4), with the addition of Strontium and Mercury concentrated as before. We have found anomalous Tritium production (at large statistical significance) only when the achieved loading ratio (D/Pd) was quite large (about 0.95) and several loading/deloading cycles had been performed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFevidenceofa.pdf | |||
| 685 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Catena, C., D'Agostaro, G., Quercia, P., Andreassi, V., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A., Sona, P. G., Fontana, F., Gamberale, L., Garbelli, D., Falcioni, F., Marchesini, M., Novaro, E., Mastromatteo, U. | 2003 | Thermal and Isotopic Anomalies when Pd Cathodes are Electrolysed in Electrolytes Containing Th-Hg Salts Dissolved at Micromolar Concentration in C2H5OD/D2O Mixtures | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Thermal and Isotopic Anomalies when Pd Cathodes are Electrolysed in Electrolytes Containing Th-Hg Salts Dissolved at Micromolar Concentration in C2H5OD/D2O Mixtures | Excess heat, transmutation | Discussed in this paper is the evolution of work that started by using the M. Fleischmann and S. Pons method and ended by using thin palladium wires electrolyzed in an electrolyte consisting of slightly acidic heavy alcohol-water solution containing thorium (Th) and mercury (Hg) salts at micromolar concentrations. The resulting large and dynamic loading of the Pd wires was studied. The recent use of thorium instead of strontium resulted in thermal anomalies and detection of new elements in larger amounts. The results with Sr are qualitatively in agreement with what was found by Y. Iwamura (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries) using multilayers of Pd-CaO-Pd-Sr in flowing deuterium gas. Most? results seem to be in agreement with a 'multi-body resonance fusion of deuterons' model recently developed by A.Takahashi (Osaka University). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFthermaland.pdf | |||
| 686 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Righi, E., Trenta, G., D'Agostaro, G., Quercia, P., Andreassi, V., Giacinti, O., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Todarello, E., Purchi, E., Mancini, A., Sona, P. G., Fontana, F., Gamberale, L., Garbelli, D., Celia, E., Falcioni, F., Marchesini, M., Novaro, E., Mastromatteo, U. | 2005 | New Procedures to Make Active, Fractal-like Surfaces on Thin Pd Wires | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | New Procedures to Make Active, Fractal-like Surfaces on Thin Pd Wires | loading, nanoparticles | ||||||
| 687 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Pace, S., Selvaggi, G., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Mancini, A. | 2005 | The Effect of -Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | The Effect of -Phase on H(D)/Pd Overloading | electromigration, loading, PdD, gamma phase | ||||||
| 688 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F. | 2006 | Toward the use of nanoparticles for stable excess heat in Pd-D system: progress report at INFN-LNF | 7th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | iscmns.org | Asti, Italy | Toward the use of nanoparticles for stable excess heat in Pd-D system: progress report at INFN-LNF | theory | Since 2003, we suspected and later get evidence that nanostructures (or fractals) at the surface of? Pd make a key role in obtaining anomalous effects in Pd-D system, both of nuclear (like transmutations) and/or thermal origin. We presented several papers, at JCF, Asti and ICCF Conferences which aim was to explore the role of nanometric Palladium. We developed a (complex) procedure to oxidise-produce fractals/holes at Pd wire surface, during electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFtowardtheu.pdf | ||||
| 689 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Andreassi, V., Marmigi, A., Cappuccio, G., Hampai, D., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Todarello, F., Purchi, E., Mastromatteo, U., Mancini, A., Falcioni, F., Marchesini, M., Di Biagio, P., Martini, U., Sona, P. G., Fontana, F., Gamberale, L., Garbelli, D., Calamai, O. M. | 2008 | Deuteron Electromigration in Thin Pd Wires Coated With Nano-Particles: Evidence for Ultra-Fast Deuterium Loading and Anomalous, Large Thermal Effects | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Deuteron Electromigration in Thin Pd Wires Coated With Nano-Particles: Evidence for Ultra-Fast Deuterium Loading and Anomalous, Large Thermal Effects | electromigration, heat | Large excess heat is measured in a Pd wire coated with nano-particles. A long (65 cm) and thin (50 μm) Pd wire is coated with thin layers of Pd nano-particles, stabilized against self-sintering by the addition of selected chemical elements: the coating is adhered to the wire surface by heating it in air up to about 800?. The wire is then heated with up to 1 A of direct current in a pressurized D2 gas atmosphere. The D+ deuterons in the Pd lattice are forced to move toward the cathodic end of the wire because of the voltage drop along the wire (the C?n effect). Large excess power density (about 400 W/g of Pd), at high temperatures (up to 400-500?), is then measured using isoperibolic calorimetry. The reference experiment is made, in situ and without opening the cell, using a Pt wire of same dimensions as the Pd wire, to which was applied the same electrical power. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFdeuteronel.pdf | |||||
| 690 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Calamai, O. M., Spallone, A., Purchi, E., Andreassi, V., Ortenzi, B., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Cappuccio, G., Hampai, D., Piastra, F., Nuvoli, A. | 2009 | Towards a high temperature CMNS reactor: nano-coated Pd wires with D2 at high pressures (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Towards a high temperature CMNS reactor: nano-coated Pd wires with D2 at high pressures (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | 1) Improved measurements on 'Washington type' reactor (P<10bar; max wires temp. 500?; reactor SS wall temperature <;40?): main results of ICCF14 confirmed (i.e. anomalous excess power, stable over time, up to 400W/g Pd). 2) Experiments on HP (60bar)-HT (600?) reactor wall are still in progress: experienced heavy problems coming out because degassing impurities (especially S, P) from SS (304, 316) used in the reactor wall. The scavenger effect of H2 (and D2) on SS makes the impurities problem quite difficult to be overcome. For such reasons we designed and build a new, multilayer (SS/Cu 3N), reactor that is now under the stage of final test. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFtowardsahi.pdf | ||||
| 691 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Calamai, O. M., Spallone, A., Purchi, E., Andreassi, V., Ortenzi, B., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Cappuccio, G., Hampai, D., Piastra, F., Nuvoli, A., Mastromatteo, U., Mancini, A., Falcioni, F., Marchesini, M., Di Biagio, P., Martini, U., Gamberale, L., Garbelli, D. | 2009 | Towards a High Temperature CMNS Reactor: Nano-Coated Pd Wires with D2 at High Pressures | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Towards a High Temperature CMNS Reactor: Nano-Coated Pd Wires with D2 at High Pressures | There were improved measurements on our reactor presented at ICCF14 (2008): long-thin Pd wires with surfaces nano-coated by multi-layers of several elements, D2 at P<10bar; wires temp. <500?; SS reactor wall temperature <100?; longitudinal current density up to 45 kA/cm2 (voltage drop up to 70V); transversal electric field up to 700V/cm. Previous ICCF14 results confirmed: anomalous excess power, stable over time and power cycling, up to 400 W/g of Pd. Made a new experiment with D2-Ar mixture: demonstrated the role of high temperatures (into ?ano? Pd-D) to enhance production of anomalous thermal effects. The combined effects of high concentration and mobility of D inside Pd seem the key points to get them: models based on High Temperature BEC Nuclear Fusion (Kim, Premuda) fits several of our experimental results. Experiments on the planned (new) High Pressure (60 bar) High Temperature (>600 ?) reactor wall are still in progress: experienced heavy problems coming out because degassing of impurities (specially S, P) from SS (304, 316) used in the reactor wall. The scavenger effect of H2 (and D2) on SS and other materials makes the impurities problem quite difficult to be overcome: designed and build a new, multiple layer wall (SS/Cu 3N), reactor that is now under the stage of final test. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=126 | |||||
| 692 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Nakamura, M., Zangari, G., Spallone, A., Nuvoli, A., Purchi, E, Marano, E., Ortenzi, B., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Micciulla, F., Bellucci, S. | 2011 | Sviluppo di catalizzatore ternario, skeleton type, per studi su anomalie termiche nei sistemi Metallo-Idrogeno ad alta temperatura (PowerPoint slides) | Coherence 2011 | Ministero dell Aereonautica, Italy | Sviluppo di catalizzatore ternario, skeleton type, per studi su anomalie termiche nei sistemi Metallo-Idrogeno ad alta temperatura (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | Nellambito degli studi volti ad evidenziare eventuali anomalie di tipo termico (e/o nucleare) nei sistemi Metallo-Idrogeno (e/o Deuterio), studi che rientrano nella fenomenologia nota (dal 2002) con la sigla CMNS (Condensed Matter Nuclear Science), 'divenuta sempre pi' palese limportanza che ricoprono sistemi nanostrutturati per poter ottenere, in opportune condizioni di temperatura e pressione, fenomeni anomali riconducibili a processi NON di origine chimica e fisica convenzionale. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFsviluppodi.pdf | |||||
| 693 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Marano, E., Spallone, A., Nuvoli, A., Ortenzi, B., Nakamura, K., Purchi, E, Zangari, G., Pella, S., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Micciulla, F., Bellucci, S., Bartalucci, S., Cupellini, S., Mancini, A., Maggiore, F. | 2012 | Experimental results on sub-micro structured Cu-Ni alloys under high temperatures Hydrogen/Deuterium interactions (PowerPoint slides) | X International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen Loaded Metals | Siena, Italy | Experimental results on sub-micro structured Cu-Ni alloys under high temperatures Hydrogen/Deuterium interactions (PowerPoint slides) | excess heat, hydrogen, nickel | In the framework of studies devoted to detect thermal and/or nuclear anomalies during the? close interactions of H2 and/or D2 with Hydrogen-absorbing materials (e.g. Pd, Ni, Ti, Th, U, Fe, rare-earths, pure and their alloys), since March 2011, we made several experiments with a specific commercial alloy (ISOTAN 44? from Isabellenhutte, Germany) with nominal composition: Cu55-Ni44-Mn1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFexperiment.pdf | |||||
| 694 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Calamai, O. M., Spallone, A., Nuvoli, A., Andreassi, V., Ortenzi, F., Piastra, F., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Marano, E., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Nakamura, M., Purchi, E | 2012 | Development of a High Temperature Hybrid CMNS Reactor | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Development of a High Temperature Hybrid CMNS Reactor | Anomalous effects, Deloading, Hybrid, Isoperibolic calorimetry, Nano-particles | We presents some improvements on the reactor presented at ICCF14 (Washington DC, August 2008): use of long-thin Pd wires with nano-coated surfaces by multi-layers of several elements, loading with D2 at pressure <10 bar; wires temperatures >500?; Stainless Steel (SS) reactor wall temperature <100?; current density along Pd up to 45 kA/cm2; voltage drop along the Pd wire up to 70 V. Mainly, the Pd wire temperature was increased up to 750? and was improved the temperature detection of anomalous excess heat, if any, using a SS shielded type-K thermocouple: it was put inside a small Cu tube, used as thermal equalizer, where, at the outer surface, both the ?ctive? Pd wire and the 'reference' Pt were twisted. The overall results were in agreement with that obtained in 2008 experiments and they confirm the positive effect of high temperatures in increasing the amount of anomalous energy gain. In both the experiments the fast and simple isoperibolic calorimetry was used. Main gas adopted were: He and He (60%)-Ar(40%) mixture, both for calibration purposes; D2 and D2(60%)-Ar(40%) as potentially active gas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=33 | ||||||
| 695 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Vassallo, G., Purchi, E, Nuvoli, A., Spallone, A., Nakamura, M., Marano, E., Ortenzi, B., Pella, S., Ovidi, A., Bartalucci, S., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Santandrea, F., Cirilli, P., Grotta, A. | 2013 | Further progress/developments, on surface/bulk treated Constantan wires, for anomalous heat generation by H2/D2 interaction | ICCF18 Conference | University of Missouri | Further progress/developments, on surface/bulk treated Constantan wires, for anomalous heat generation by H2/D2 interaction | excess heat, nickel, wire | Outline and motivations 1) Path of HT anomalies: from Langmuir (W&H2) to nano-Constantan. 2) Proof, by calibration experiments with Pt wires (different diameters, gases, pressures, power), that main results obtained on 2012 with surface-treated Constant wires, were right. Focused on not-dependence of Anomalous Heat Effects (AHE) on pressure variations inside the transparent glass reactor: reconfirmed and reinforced previous calibration data (June 2012) using He. 3) Evidence of unexpected water splitting phenomena, under vacuum, by 'nanodiamandoids-coated' Constantan. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFfurtherpro.pdf | |||||
| 696 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Marano, E., Spallone, A., Nuvoli, A., Ortenzi, B., Pella, S., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Micciulla, F., Bellucci, S., Bartalucci, S., Nakamura, K., Purchi, E, Zangari, G., Cupellini, S., Mancini, A., Maggiore, F., Ovidi, A. | 2013 | Experimental Results on Sub-Micro structured Cu-Ni Alloys under High Temperature Hydrogen/Deuterium Interaction | Chemistry and Materials Research, Vol = 3, Num = 3 | Experimental Results on Sub-Micro structured Cu-Ni Alloys under High Temperature Hydrogen/Deuterium Interaction | excess heat, hydrogen, nickel | This study shows in detail how even a low cost material, like commercial Cu-Ni-Mn alloy (named Konstantan or ISOTAN 44), as far its surface is properly modified from the point of view of dimensionality, can be used as material able to produce anomalous heat effects due to close interaction with Hydrogen (or Deuterium, but at lower intensity) at high temperature. This work is supported by Enel Engineering and Innovation SpA, Via Andrea Pisano 120, 56122, Pisa (Italy), ORIM SpA, Via Concordia 65, 62100 Macerata (Italy) and Kresenn Ltd, 5a Frascati Way, SL6 4UY, Maidenhead (United Kingdom). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFexperimenta.pdf | ||||||
| 697 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Marano, E., Nuvoli, A., Purchi, E, Nakamura, M., Pella, S., Ortenzi, B., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Bartalucci, S., Ovidi, A., Zangari, G., Micciulla, F., Bellucci, S., Vassallo, G. | 2013 | Improved understanding of self-sustained, sub-micrometric multicomposition surface Constantan wires interacting with H2 at high temperatures: experimental evidence of Anomalous Heat Effects | Chemistry and Materials Research, Vol = 3, Num = 12 | 21 Improved understanding of self-sustained, sub-micrometric multicomposition surface Constantan wires interacting with H2 at high temperatures: experimental evidence of Anomalous Heat Effects | calorimeter, LENR, Nickel based alloys, sub-micrometric surfaces | This article is an extension of what presented by our team at 17th International Conference on Cold Fusion, ICCF-17, in Daejon, Korea, in 2012 [1]. It documents the improvements on Constantan-related experiments, started in 2011, in order to study the feasibility of new Nickel based alloys that are able to absorb proper amounts of Hydrogen (H2) and/or Deuterium (D2) and that have, in principle, some possibility to generate anomalous thermal effects at temperatures >100?. The interest in Ni comes in part because there is the possibility to use also H2 instead of expensive D2. Moreover, cross-comparison of results using H2 instead of D2 can be made and could help the understanding of the phenomena involved (atomic, nuclear, super-chemical origin?) due to the use of such isotopes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFimprovedun.pdf | ||||||
| 698 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Marano, E., Spallone, A., Nuvoli, A., Purchi, E, Nakamura, K., Ortenzi, B., Pella, S., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Bartalucci, S., Zangari, G., Micciulla, F., Bellucci, S. | 2014 | Cu-Ni-Mn alloy wires, with improved submicrometric surfaces, used as LENR device by new transparent, dissipation-type, calorimeter | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | Cu-Ni-Mn alloy wires, with improved submicrometric surfaces, used as LENR device by new transparent, dissipation-type, calorimeter | excess heat, hydrogen, nickel | Abstract -- Starting in February 2011, we studied the feasibility of new Nickel based alloys that are able to absorb proper amounts of Hydrogen (H2) and/or Deuterium D2) and that have, in principle, some possibility to generate anomalous thermal effects at temperatures >100?. The interest in Ni comes in part because there is the possibility to use H2 instead of expensive D2. Reports by F. Piantelli (since 1992), G. Miley (about 1995), M. Patterson, F. Celani (since 2010) and, overall, claims by A. Rossi and (later on) by Defkalion Company, could be further investigated. Moreover, cross-comparison of results using Hydrogen instead of Deuterium can be made and could help the understanding of the phenomena involved (nuclear origin?) because use of such isotopes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFcunimnallo.pdf | ||||||
| 699 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Marano, E., Spallone, A., Nuvoli, A., Purchi, E, Nakamura, K., Ortenzi, B., Pella, S., Righi, E., Trenta, G., Bartalucci, S., Zangari, G., Micciulla, F., Bellucci, S. | 2014 | Cu-Ni-Mn alloy wires, with improved submicrometric surfaces, used as LENR device by new transparent, dissipation-type, calorimeter (PowerPoint slides) | ICCF18 Conference, Vol = 13 | University of Missouri | Cu-Ni-Mn alloy wires, with improved submicrometric surfaces, used as LENR device by new transparent, dissipation-type, calorimeter (PowerPoint slides) | excess heat, hydrogen, nickel | Abstract -- Starting in February 2011, we studied the feasibility of new Nickel based alloys that are able to absorb proper amounts of Hydrogen (H2) and/or Deuterium D2) and that have, in principle, some possibility to generate anomalous thermal effects at temperatures >100?. The interest in Ni comes in part because there is the possibility to use H2 instead of expensive D2. Reports by F. Piantelli (since 1992), G. Miley (about 1995), M. Patterson, F. Celani (since 2010) and, overall, claims by A. Rossi and (later on) by Defkalion Company, could be further investigated. Moreover, cross-comparison of results using Hydrogen instead of Deuterium can be made and could help the understanding of the phenomena involved (nuclear origin?) because use of such isotopes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFcunimnalloa.pdf | |||||
| 700 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Spallone, A., Ortenzi, B., Pella, S., Purchi, E, Santandrea, F., Fiorilla, S., Nuvoli, A., Nakamura, M., Cirilli, P., Boccanera, P., Notargiacomo, L. | 2016 | Observation of Macroscopic Current and Thermal Anomalies, at High Temperature, by Hetero-structures in Thin and Long Constantan Wires Under H2 Gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | Observation of Macroscopic Current and Thermal Anomalies, at High Temperature, by Hetero-structures in Thin and Long Constantan Wires Under H2 Gas | Constantan sub-micrometric surfaces, H2 ad-/absorption, Iron, Rydberg Matter, Thermodynamic second law | Since 2011, we introduced into LENR field, the use of a Constantan (Cnst) alloy to absorb/adsorb proper amounts of H2 or D2 and to generate thermal anomalies even at low temperatures (>200?C). We developed a reactor with a core of sub-micrometric layered Cnst wires that produced measurable excess power (almost reproducible). Subsequently, we used fiberglass sheaths as electrical insulation and found out that this material actually improves reactor performance. In the most recent configuration, we studied the effects of adding Fe nanolayers to the Cnst wires and of including several small knots along their extension, actions that resulted in a larger excess power that grew with increasing wire temperature. We detected a new electric effect: the generation of spontaneous voltage between the ends of a floating wire in the reactor. We performed tests to study results in agreement with Inverse Rydberg Matter model by L. Holmlid. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=37 | ||||||
| 701 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Di Tommaso, A. O., Vassallo, G. | 2017 | The Zitterbewegung Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics as Theoretical Framework for Ultra-dense Deuterium and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | The Zitterbewegung Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics as Theoretical Framework for Ultra-dense Deuterium and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Clifford algebra, Compton scale aggregates, Dirac equation, Electric charge, Electron structure, Elementary particles, LENR, Lorenz gauge, Maxwell's equations, Occam's razor, Space-Time Algebra (STA), Ultra-dense deuterium, Vector potential, Weyl equation, Zitterbewegung | This paper introduces a Zitterbewegung model of the electron by applying the principle of Occam's razor to the Maxwell's equations and by introducing a scalar component in the electromagnetic field. The aim is to explain, by using simple and intuitive concepts, the origin of the electric charge and the electromagnetic nature of mass and inertia. The Zitterbewegung model of the electron is also proposed as the best suited theoretical framework to study the structure of Ultra-Dense Deuterium (UDD), the origin of anomalous heat in metal-hydrogen systems and the possibility of existence of 'super-chemical? aggregates at Compton scale. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=44 | ||||||
| 702 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Tommaso, A., Vassallo, G. | 2017 | The Electron and Occam's Razor | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | The Electron and Occam's Razor | Compton scale aggregates, Electric charge, Elementary particles, Electron structure, LENR, Lorenz gauge, Occam's razor, Space--time algebra, Ultra-dense deuterium, Vector potential, Weyl equation, Zitterbewegung | This paper introduces a Zitterbewegung (ZBW) model of the electron by applying the principle of Occam's razor to Maxwell's equations and by introducing a scalar component in the electromagnetic field. The aim is to explain, by using simple and intuitive concepts, the origin of the electric charge and the electromagnetic nature of mass and inertia. A ZBW model of the electron is also proposed as the best suited theoretical framework to study the structure of Ultra-Dense Deuterium (UDD), the origin of anomalous heat in metal--hydrogen systems and the possibility of existence of 'super-chemical' aggregates at Compton scale. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=82 | ||||||
| 703 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Tommaso, A., Vassallo, G. | 2017 | Maxwell's Equations and Occam's Razor | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Maxwell's Equations and Occam's Razor | Coulomb gauge, Clifford algebra, Electric charge, Electron structure, Elementary particles, Maxwell's equations, Lorenz gauge, Occam's razor, Space--time algebra, Vector potential, Zitterbewegung | In this paper a straightforward application of Occam's razor principle to Maxwell's equation shows that only one entity, the electromagnetic four-potential, is at the origin of a plurality of concepts and entities in physics. The application of the so called 'Lorenz gauge' in Maxwell's equations denies the status of real physical entity to a scalar field that has a gradient in space-time with clear physical meaning: the four-current density field. The mathematical formalism of space-time Clifford algebra is introduced and then used to encode Maxwell's equations starting only from the electromagnetic four-potential. This approach suggests a particular Zitterbewegung (ZBW) model for charged elementary particles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=106 | ||||||
| 704 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Ortenzi, B., Pella, S., Spallone, A., Vassallo, G., Purchi, E, Fiorilla, S., Notargiacomo, L., Lorenzetti, A., Calaon, A., Spallone, A., Nakamura, M., Nuvoli, A., Cirilli, P., Boccanera, P. | 2018 | Improved Stability and Performance of Surface-Modified Constantan Wires, by Chemical Additions and Unconventional Geometrical Structures | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Improved Stability and Performance of Surface-Modified Constantan Wires, by Chemical Additions and Unconventional Geometrical Structures | Anomalous Excess Heat (AHE); Electro-migration phenomena, Constantan | At INFN-LNF, starting in 2011, we have investigated the behavior of the Constantan (Cst) alloy (Cu55Ni44Mn1; ISOTAN44) with hydrogen and/or deuterium (H2/D2) absorption and the generation of anomalous excess heat (AHE) at high temperatures (i.e. >200 deg C). To further improve the intrinsic, excellent catalytic proprieties of Cst in H2 ?2H dissociation, we subjected the surface to repeated cycling of 'flash' oxidation (pulsed power up to 20 kVA/g), obtaining sub-micrometric particles of mixed composition (Cst?iOx??uOy??uxNiyOz) and reducing deleterious self-sintering problems with nano-materials at high temperatures. Despite the fact that results with thin, long wires (F = 200 ?, l = 100 cm) were generally positive and excess power (10?20%) was frequently recorded (5?10 W at 50 W input), reproducibility remained unsatisfactory. Later, we realized that iron impurities (up to 1% in the old, pre-1970 batch of Cst) enhanced AHE generation, especially atT > 500?C. Since 2014, we added Fe(NO3)3 solutions both to the Cst sub-micrometric surfaces (during flash oxidation process),and to borosilicate glass sheaths (SIGI-Fabier; micrometric fibers, previously wetted-dried with Sr(NO3)2 solution) where wires were inserted (as electrical insulation). Recently, we adopted the methodology of making several knots along wires (holes 150?200 ?), later coated multiple times with an iron solution. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=15 | ||||||
| 705 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Lorenzetti, C., Vassallo, G., Purchi, E, Fiorilla, S., Cupellini, S., Nakamura, M., Boccanera, P., Burri, R., Cerreoni, P., Spallone, A. | 2019 | Effects of 'super-Capuchin knot' geometry, and additional electric fields, on Hydrogen/Deuterium absorption: related AHE on long and thin Constantan wires with sub-micrometric surfaces at high temperatures. | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Effects of 'super-Capuchin knot' geometry, and additional electric fields, on Hydrogen/Deuterium absorption: related AHE on long and thin Constantan wires with sub-micrometric surfaces at high temperatures. | OUTLINE A) Short resume of key motivations to make knots with Constantan (Cu55Ni44Mn1) wires (long and thin), surface modified down to submicron dimensionality. Wires (initial diameter of 100 and 200 ?m) powered by proper amounts of current, to increases locally the temperature (up to 900?), with related gradients of Hydrogen (or Deuterium) concentration. Mainly discussed at ICCF21 (Colorado State University; June 3-8 , 2018). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CelaniFeffectsofs.pdf | ||||||
| 706 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Ortenzi, B., Spallone, A., Lorenzetti, C., Purchi, E, Fiorilla, S., Cupellini, S., Nakamura, M., Boccanera, P., Notargiacomo, L., Vassallo, G., Burri, R. | 2019 | Steps to Identify Main Parameters for AHE Generation in Sub-micrometric Materials: Measurements by Isoperibolic and Air-flow Calorimetry | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Steps to Identify Main Parameters for AHE Generation in Sub-micrometric Materials: Measurements by Isoperibolic and Air-flow Calorimetry | Anomalous Heat Excess (AHE), Electro-migration phenomena, H2 and/or D2 absorption at high temperatures into constantan, Isoperibolic and air-flow calorimetry, Low work function materials, Noble gases . . . | In 2011, we introduced the use of constantan alloy in LENR, in the form of long and thin wires as a hydrogen dissociation promoter. We disclosed for the first time the reason for the choice of such material at IWAHLM-12 Workshop (2017), hypothesizing it was the initiator of the reaction in Andrea Rossi's experiment. We developed a specific treatment to increase the dimensionality of wire surface through the application of high peak power pulses. The wire is inserted in fiberglass . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=61 | ||||||
| 707 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Lorenzetti, C., Vassallo, G., Purchi, E, Fiorilla, S., Cupellini, S., Nakamura, M., Boccanera, P., Spallone, A., Cerreoni, P., Ortenzi, B., Burri, R. | 2020 | First Evaluation of Coated Constantan Wires Incorporating Capuchin Knots to Increase Anomalous Heat and Reduce Input Power at High Temperatures | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 30 | First Evaluation of Coated Constantan Wires Incorporating Capuchin Knots to Increase Anomalous Heat and Reduce Input Power at High Temperatures | Air-flow calorimetry, Anomalous Heat Excess (AHE), Electro-migration phenomena, H2 --> 2H dissociation by Constantan, H2 and/or D2 absorption at high temperatures into Constantan, Low work function materials, Noble gases, Plasma surface interaction, Spontaneous voltage generation along hydrogen-absorbing wires, Surface-modified Cu?i?n alloy | Anomalous Heat Effects (AHE) have been observed in wires of Cu55Ni44Mn1 (Constantan) exposed to H2 and D2 in multiple experiments during the last eight years. Improvements in the magnitude and reproducibility of AHE, and improvements in wire preparation and reactor design were reported by the authors in the present and previous papers. The oxidation of the wires by pulses of electrical current in air creates a rough surface featuring a sub-micrometric texture that proves particularly effective at inducing thermal anomalies when temperature exceeds 400 deg C. This effect appears also to be increased substantially by deposing segments of the wire with a series of elements (such as Fe, Sr, Mn, K, via thermal decomposition of their nitrates applied from a water solution). Furthermore, an increase of AHE was observed after placing the treated wires inside a sheath made of borosilicate glass (B | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzc.pdf#page=30 | ||||||
| 708 | Journal Article | Celani, F., Lorenzetti, C., Vassallo, G., Purchi, E., Fiorilla, S., Cupellini, S., Nakamura, M., Burri, R., Boccanera, P., Cerreoni, P., Spallone, A. | 2020 | Progress Toward an Understanding of LENR-AHE Effects in Coated Constantan Wires in D2 Atmosphere: DC/AC Voltage Stimulation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Progress Toward an Understanding of LENR-AHE Effects in Coated Constantan Wires in D2 Atmosphere: DC/AC Voltage Stimulation | Anomalous Heat Excess (AHE), Cu–Ni–Mn alloy, Deuterium, Dielectric barrier discharges (DBD), Hydrogen, Low work function coatings, Nickel–Copper alloys, Nickel hydrides and deuterides | This paper presents a summary and some deeper details about the experiments presented at the 22nd International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ICCF22). It reports on the experimental study of LENR phenomena in Constantan (Cu55Ni44Mn1) from its inception in 2011 to the most recent experiments. Using an empirical approach we identified the effect of surface modification of the Constantan wires with coatings comprised of elements that enhance the absorption behavior, and oxides with low work function for electron emission. We also explored certain geometrical arrangements of the wires such as knots and coils in order to induce local thermal gradients and predictable hot-spots. Moreover, the DC polarization of the wires by a counter-electrode proved to be a versatile approach to induce non-equilibrium conditions that are essential for Anomalous Heat Effects (AHE), especially when a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is produced. From the review of experiments summarized in this article, we obtain indications that the main parameter controlling the AHE is the flux of reactive species through the surface of the loaded material. As a consequence, all other external conditions of the reactor core (voltage?urrent, temperature, pressure, electric field stimulations, DC and/or AC external fields), can be seen as co-factors that enable a flux of active species through surfaces and in the bulk of the materials. Although most of the tests are in agreement with a possible flux model, some results still lack an interpretation, probably due to limits of the experimental setup. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=52 | ||||||
| 709 | Conference Proceedings | Cellucci, F., Cignini, P. L., Gigli, G., Gozzi, D., Tomellini, M., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1996 | X-Ray, Heat Excess and 4He in the Electrochemical Confinement of Deuterium in Palladium | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 3 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | X-Ray, Heat Excess and 4He in the Electrochemical Confinement of Deuterium in Palladium | He, radiation, electrolysis, heat+, Pd, D2O, X-ray, ICCF-6 | Abstract The energy balance between heat excess and 4He in the gas phase has been found reasonably satisfied even if the low levels of 4He found do not give the necessary confidence to state definitely that we are dealing with the fusion of deuterons to give 4He. In the melted cathode, whose data are reported here, 4He was not found at the achieved sensitivity. X-ray film, positioned at 50 mm from the cell, roughly gave the image of the cathode through spots. The energy of the radiation and the total energy associated to it have been, respectively, evaluated as (89?1) keV and (12.0 ? 0.4) kJ. This value is ≈ 0.5% of the energy measured by calorimetry in the same interval of time. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CellucciFxrayheatex.pdf | ||
| 710 | Conference Proceedings | Cerofolini, G. F., Re, N., Para, A. F. | 1990 | (D+D+)2e- Binuclear Atoms as Activated Precursors in Cold Fusion and Warm Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 668 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | (D+D+)2e- Binuclear Atoms as Activated Precursors in Cold Fusion and Warm Fusion | theory, D-D, dineutron | ||||
| 711 | Conference Proceedings | Cerofolini, F., Dierckx, R., Para, A. F., Ottaviani, G. | 1991 | Binuclear Atoms as Fusion Precursors in a Hot Cloud | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 193 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Binuclear Atoms as Fusion Precursors in a Hot Cloud | theory, ICCF-2 | Deuteron-deuteron fusions were claimed by a Brookhaven group to re sult from the impact on deuterated surfaces of clusters of 25 - 1350 D2O molecules with energy up to 300 ke V. The collective motion in the impact region is tentatively assumed to be responsible for these fusion events. The number of involved atoms is of the order of 10^4 , with a mean energy of some electronvolts. The model is able to reproduce qualitatively the Brookhaven data according to an Arrhenius plot, with an activation energy E* ~ 2E0 , where E0 is the hydrogen ionization energy. At this energy an activated precursor is postulated to be synthesized; it can tentatively be identified as the binuclear atom (D^+ - D^+)2e^-. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=208 | ||
| 712 | Book | Cerofolini, C. F., Para, A. F. | 1992 | Exotic Atoms in Condensed Matter Alternatives in Low Energy Fusion? | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, \'The Science of Cold Fusion\', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 193 | Benedek, G., Schneuwly, H. | Springer Proc. in Phys.Cerofolini, C.F. | 59 Exotic Atoms in Condensed Matter Alternatives in Low Energy Fusion? | review | ||||||
| 713 | Journal Article | Cerofolini, C. F., Para, A. F. | 1992 | Alternatives in low energy fusion?' | Springer Proc. Phys., Vol = 59 (Exot. At. Condens. Matter) | Alternatives in low energy fusion?' | Theory, Ti, cluster impact, D2 | ||||||||
| 714 | Journal Article | Cerofolini, G. F., Boara, G., Agosteo, S., Para, A. F. | 1993 | Giant Neutron Trapping by a Molecular Species Produced During the Reaction of D+ With H- in a Condensed Phase | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Giant Neutron Trapping by a Molecular Species Produced During the Reaction of D+ With H- in a Condensed Phase | theory, neutron, absorption | ||||||||
| 715 | Journal Article | Cerofolini, G. F., Para, A. F. | 1993 | Can binuclear atoms solve the cold fusion puzzle? | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Can binuclear atoms solve the cold fusion puzzle? | Theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 716 | Journal Article | Cerron-Zeballos, E., Crotty, I., Hatzifotiadou, D., Lamas Valverde, J., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A. | 1996 | Investigation of anomalous heat production in Ni-H systems | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 109A | Investigation of anomalous heat production in Ni-H systems | Ni, H2, heat | Summary. -- Anomalous heat production in a nickel rod loaded with hydrogen has been reported by Focardi et al. (Nuovo Cimento A, 107 (1994) 163). We have investigated this phenomenon by repeating the experiment. We found the results previously published to be consistent with our observations; namely we measured higher temperatures for the same input power when hydrogen is absorbed during a heating cycle. Nevertheless this temperature rise does not appear to correspond to an increase in heat production. We have added a temperature sensor to the container of the experiment. The temperature of the container follows the same temperature with input power curve irrespective of whether there is an anomalous absorption of hydrogen or not; therefore we have no evidence that this temperature increase corresponds to another source of heat. In conclusion, we have observed all the effects discovered by Focardi et al., but our results imply that there is no production of power associated with the absorption of hydrogen by nickel | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CerronZebainvestigat.pdf | ||||||
| 717 | Journal Article | Chambaud, G., Levy, B., Esteve, J. G. | 1991 | Estimate of Ti effects on D-D fusion | Phys. Lett., Vol = A156 | Estimate of Ti effects on D-D fusion | Theory, screening, Ti | ||||||||
| 718 | Conference Proceedings | Chambers, G. P., Hubler, G. K., Grabowski, K. S. | 1990 | Search for Energetic Charged-Particle-Reaction Products During Deuterium-Charging of Metal Lattices | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 383 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Search for Energetic Charged-Particle-Reaction Products During Deuterium-Charging of Metal Lattices | Ti, ion implantation, gas discharge, particle emission | ||||
| 719 | Journal Article | Chambers, G. P., Eridon, J. E., Grabowski, K. S., Sartwell, B. D., Chrisey, D. B. | 1990 | Charged particle spectra of palladium thin films during low energy deuterium ion implantation | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 281 | Charged particle spectra of palladium thin films during low energy deuterium ion implantation | Pd, ion beam, particle emission, layer | ||||||||
| 720 | Journal Article | Chambers, G. P., Eridon, J. M., Grabowski, K. S. | 1990 | Upper limit on cold fusion in thin palladium films | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 8, Page = 5388 | Upper limit on cold fusion in thin palladium films | Pd, ion beam, particle emission | ||||||||
| 721 | Journal Article | Chambers, G. P., Hubler, G. K., Kucherov, Y. | 1995 | Glow Discharge in Deuterium | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 8, Page = 5388 | Glow Discharge in Deuterium | Gas Discharge, D2, ion bombardment, gamma | ||||||||
| 722 | Journal Article | Champion, J. | 1994 | Explanation of Observed Nuclear Events Associated with Cold Fusion and Similar Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 8, Page = 5388 | Explanation of Observed Nuclear Events Associated with Cold Fusion and Similar Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Theory, transmutation | ||||||||
| 723 | Journal Article | Champion, J. | 1994 | History of Transmutation Research | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 8, Page = 5388 | History of Transmutation Research | transmutation, theory | ||||||||
| 724 | Newspaper Article | Chandler, D. L., Saltus, R., Miller, W. G., Black, C. | 1989 | Fusion : Test Tube Yields More Questions Than Answers | Boston Globe | BostonEditor | Fusion : Test Tube Yields More Questions Than Answers | newspaper, history | |||||||
| 725 | Journal Article | Chang, C. P., Wu, J. K., Yao, Y. D., Wang, C. W., Lin, E. K. | 1991 | Hydrogen and deuterium in palladium | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 16 | Hydrogen and deuterium in palladium | Pd, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, heat+, diffusion, lattice parameter, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 726 | Conference Proceedings | Chang, Y. F., Yu, C. Z. | 1994 | The Physical-Chemical and Nuclear Multistage Reaction Mechanism and the Multistage Ignition Condition on Cold Fusion | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 72 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | The Physical-Chemical and Nuclear Multistage Reaction Mechanism and the Multistage Ignition Condition on Cold Fusion | theory | ||||
| 727 | Newspaper Article | Chang, K. | 2004 | U.S. Will Give Cold Fusion Second Look, After 15 Years | New York Times | U.S. Will Give Cold Fusion Second Look, After 15 Years | history, newspaper | ||||||||
| 728 | Conference Proceedings | Chao, J., Layman, W., Kang, C. M., Gur, T., Schreiber, M., Higgins, R., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. | 1990 | Three Dimensional Computer Simulation of an Isoperibolic Calorimeter for Cold Fusion Experiments | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 308 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Three Dimensional Computer Simulation of an Isoperibolic Calorimeter for Cold Fusion Experiments | heat, method, apparatus, ICCF-1 | The three dimensional heat conduction computer code HEATING5 was used to simulate the isoperibolic calorimeter being used for cold fusion experiments at Stanford University. The simulation results confirm the measured temperature distribution in the calorimeter. Computer analysis also demonstrates that temperature measurements for this particular calorimeter are independent of the heat source position in the calorimeter. A numerical procedure was developed to derive the transient behavior of the heat generation in the cold fusion cell from the transient temperature measurements. This procedure was exercised using a measured temperature pulse. The transient behavior of the power pulse was in the form of square-wave and its magnitude was slightly higher than the on-line calculation based on a steady-state approach. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=327 | ||
| 729 | Journal Article | Chapnik, I. M. | 1990 | Possibility of induced beta radioactivity in PdD | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 146 | Possibility of induced beta radioactivity in PdD | Theory | ||||||||
| 730 | Journal Article | Chapnik, I. M. | 1991 | Possibility of electrochemically induced transmutation in PdD | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 161 | Possibility of electrochemically induced transmutation in PdD | Theory, Pd, Oppenheimer-Phillips | ||||||||
| 731 | Journal Article | Chatterjee, L. | 1990 | Could spectator electrons legalize cold fusion? | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Could spectator electrons legalize cold fusion? | Theory | ||||||||
| 732 | Journal Article | Chatterjee, L. | 1991 | On a weak flavor for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | On a weak flavor for cold fusion | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 733 | Journal Article | Chatterjee, L. | 1991 | The two faces of the Coulomb barrier | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | The two faces of the Coulomb barrier | Theory | ||||||||
| 734 | Journal Article | Chatterjee, L., Chakrabarty, A., Das, G. | 1991 | Non-radiative exit channels in low energy d-d fusion | Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., Vol = 29 | Non-radiative exit channels in low energy d-d fusion | Theory | ||||||||
| 735 | Journal Article | Chatterjee, L., Das, G. | 1991 | Sub-barrier nuclear fusion of amuonic and muonic flavour | Phys. Lett., Vol = A154 | Sub-barrier nuclear fusion of amuonic and muonic flavour | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 736 | Journal Article | Chatterjee, L., Mandal, S., Chakrabarty, A. | 1993 | Electron accumulation and reproducibility of cold fusion | Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., Vol = 31 | Electron accumulation and reproducibility of cold fusion | Theory, screening, TiO2 | ||||||||
| 737 | Journal Article | Chatterjee, L. | 1998 | Electrolysis in thin-film nickel coatings: mimicking supernova physics? | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Electrolysis in thin-film nickel coatings: mimicking supernova physics? | Theory, swimming electron, virtual neutron | ||||||||
| 738 | Conference Proceedings | Chaudhary, I., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2005 | Four-body RST General Nuclear Wavefunctions and Matrix Elements | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Four-body RST General Nuclear Wavefunctions and Matrix Elements | theory | The inclusion of phonon exchange in a nuclear reaction is accomplished most easily when the associated matrix elements are written explicitly as a function of the spatial coordinates. We report on the wavefunctions and matrix elements for the special case of a T = 0 4-body deuteron-deuteron fusion reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChaudharyIfourbodyrs.pdf | ||||
| 739 | Conference Proceedings | Chauvin, N. | 2012 | LENR Powered Electrict Vehicles | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | LENR Powered Electrict Vehicles | Commercialization | Current electric vehicles (EV) and fuel cell vehicles (FCEV) suffer from several limitations that prevent them from becoming a true commercial success. When available, kilowatt class LENR generators combined with modern thermoelectric conversion technology could enable designing new type of automobiles, being low cost, maintenance free and zero emission at the same time. In the present talk, we will discuss what are to current limitations of electric vehicles and battery technology, how LENR technology can propose an alternative to large battery storage on EV, what are the available compact solutions for energy harvesting and thermoelectric conversion from LENR thermal energy, what are the longer term design alternatives and finally what is the expected timeline to develop prototypes and commercial products. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChauvinNlenrpowere.pdf | |||||
| 740 | Conference Proceedings | Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A., Golubnichyi, P. I., Philonenko, A. D., Tsarik, A. A. | 1990 | Fracto-Acceleration Model of Cold Nuclear Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 686 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Fracto-Acceleration Model of Cold Nuclear Fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||
| 741 | Journal Article | Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A. | 1994 | On the nonstationary quantum-mechanical origin of nuclear reactions in solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | On the nonstationary quantum-mechanical origin of nuclear reactions in solids | Theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 742 | Journal Article | Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A., Rabinowitz, M., Kim, Y. E. | 1994 | Critical review of theoretical models for anomalous effects in deuterated metals | Int. J. Theo. Phys., Vol = 33 | Critical review of theoretical models for anomalous effects in deuterated metals | Review, theory critique | We briefly summarize the reported anomalous effects in deuterated metals at ambient temperature, commonly known as 'Cold Fusion' (CF), with an emphasis on important experiments as well as the theoretical basis for the opposition to interpreting them as cold fusion. Then we critically examine more than 25 theoretical models for CF, including unusual nuclear and exotic chemical hypotheses. We conclude that they do not explain the data. From: http://arxiv1.library.cornell.edu/vc/nucl-th/papers/0303/0303057v1.pdf | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChechinVAcriticalre.pdf | ||||||
| 743 | Conference Proceedings | Cheek, G. T., O'Grady, W. E. | 1990 | Quartz crystal microbalance study of palladium/hydrogen interations | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 57 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Quartz crystal microbalance study of palladium/hydrogen interations | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-1 | Thin palladium films deposited on quartz have been loaded with hydrogen (deuterium) by electrochemical reduction of 0.1 M LiOH (LiOD) in H2O (D2O). Coulometric measurements during both the hydrogen deposition and subsequent removal steps have shown that H:Pd ratios of 0.7 are reached under these conditions, in accord with accepted values for bulk samples. The frequency decrease observed at AT-cut crystals during hydrogen (deuterium) loading is larger than that expected for the mass of hydrogen deposited into the film. Considering that palladium undergoes a substantial increase in volume upon hydrogen uptake, the role of the resulting film stress in influencing the observed frequency must be addressed. It has been found that such film stresses at an AT-cut crystal produce frequency decreases and that these effects can be accounted for using techniques which are well established in the frequency control field. Measurements at BT-cut crystals, the stress/frequency response of which is opposite to that of AT-cut crystals, have confirmed that stress plays a major role in the present work and have allowed the determination of a quantitative value for this stress. Investigations of mixtures of H2O and D20 have also been carried out and shed some light on the effect of small amounts of H2O in determining the H/D content in the palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=76 | ||
| 744 | Journal Article | Cheek, G. T., O'Grady, W. E. | 1990 | Measurement of hydrogen uptake by palladium using a quartz crystal microbalance | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 277 | Measurement of hydrogen uptake by palladium using a quartz crystal microbalance | loading, method, Pd | ||||||||
| 745 | Journal Article | Cheek, G. T., O'Grady, W. E. | 1994 | Measurement of H/D uptake characteristics at palladium using a quartz crystal microbalance | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 368 | Measurement of H/D uptake characteristics at palladium using a quartz crystal microbalance | loading, method, D, H, diffusion, film | ||||||||
| 746 | Journal Article | Chemla, M., Chevalet, J., Bury, R. | 1989 | Heat evolution involved with the electrochemical discharge of hydrogen and deuterium on palladium | C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, Vol = 309 | Heat evolution involved with the electrochemical discharge of hydrogen and deuterium on palladium | electrolysis, Pd, heat, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 747 | Journal Article | Chemla, M., Chevalet, J., Bury, R., Perie, M. | 1990 | Experimental investigation of thermal and radiation effects induced by deuterium discharge at the palladium electrode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 277 | Experimental investigation of thermal and radiation effects induced by deuterium discharge at the palladium electrode | electrolysis, Pd, heat-, tritium-, D2O, H2O, method, loading, negative | ||||||||
| 748 | Journal Article | Chen, M., Steadman, S. G., Gaudreau, M. P. J., Luckhardt, S. C., Parker, R. R., Albagli, D., Cammarata, V., Schloh, M., Wrighton, M. S., Kwok, K., Thiee, C., Lowenstein, D. I., Debbe, R., Reilly, J. J. | 1990 | Measurements of neutron emission induced by muons stopped in metal deuteride targets | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 155 | Measurements of neutron emission induced by muons stopped in metal deuteride targets | Pd, Ti, Y, muon, D2, neutron, tritium | ||||||||
| 749 | Conference Proceedings | Chen, S. H., Wang, D. L., Chen, W. J., Li, Y. J., Fu, Y. B., Zhang, X.-W. | 1992 | The Sensitizing Phenomenon of X-ray Film in the Experiment of Metals Loaded with Deuterium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 543 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The Sensitizing Phenomenon of X-ray Film in the Experiment of Metals Loaded with Deuterium | film, autoradiograph, method, ICCF-3 | The sensitizing phenomenon of x-ray film was studied, in metals loaded with deuterium, by a cycle method of temperature and pressure (CMTP). The experimental results showed that the sensitizing and of x-ray film was derived from the chemical reaction and the anomalous effect of metals loaded with deuterium. Studied the various ways an image can be recorded on x-ray film in contact with deuterated Pd. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=281 | ||
| 750 | Journal Article | Chen, X., Yang, J. | 1993 | Studies on dineutron model of cold fusion (I) | Hunan Shifan Daxue Ziran Kexue Xuebao, Vol = 16, Num = (1), Page = 42 (in Chinese, Eng. abstr) | Studies on dineutron model of cold fusion (I) | Theory, dineutron, review | ||||||||
| 751 | Journal Article | Chen, C. L., Wu, J. K. | 1994 | Electrolytic hydrogen transport in palladium | J. Mater. Sci. Lett., Vol = 13 | Electrolytic hydrogen transport in palladium | loading, Pd, H2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 752 | Journal Article | Chen, Y. P., Cai, S. D. | 1994 | Dynamic screening effect from acoustic plasmons | Science in China A, Vol = 37, Num = (1), Page = 62 | Dynamic screening effect from acoustic plasmons | Theory, shielding | ||||||||
| 753 | Journal Article | Chen, S., Wang, D., Cui, G., Wang, M., Fu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S. | 1995 | X-ray diagnostics in gas discharge | Trends Nucl. Phys., Vol = 12, Num = (3), Page = 58 (in Chinese) | X-ray diagnostics in gas discharge | x-ray, Pd, D2, H2, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 754 | Conference Proceedings | Chen, S. | 1996 | On the cold fusion miracles | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 309 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | On the cold fusion miracles | theory | This paper consists of two parts. One part describes a new analytical method for the conventional electrolytic cold fusion experiment. The other part contains a discussion and explanation on the cold fusion effect. Heat bursts are observed in this experiment for both Ni(-)/Pt(+)/H2O/K2CO3 and Pd( -)lPt( + )fD20fLiOD cells. Careful detection of neutron and tritium has not been available, although very preliminary neutron detection of heavy water cell shows roughly two times of the background level during electrolysis. The vast experimental data worldwide show a low neutrontritium ratio of 10^-8 to 10^-4 , far below the equal branching ratio, having been explained in this paper by a secondary nuclear process by the author. According to this secondary nuclear process, the generated neutrons and protons inside the solid has the chance to recombine into deuterium atoms for heavy water systems. In this sense the Huizenga's second and third miracles, the branching ratio miracle and the no nuclear products miracle, are therefore equivalent. This paper also proposes a 'pycnon field' to try to treat the correlation of the high dlPd ratio and pycno-reactions. Although the detail has not been worked out yet. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=324 | |||
| 755 | Conference Proceedings | Chen, S., Wang, D., Cui, G., Li, Y., Wang, M., Fu, Y. | 1996 | X-ray diagnosis in gas discharge | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 571 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | X-ray diagnosis in gas discharge | gas discharge, x-rays | It was found that X rays were yielded when the anomalous phenomenon in the metal loaded with deuterium was studied by the gas discharge method. The X-ray energy spectrum was measured and X rays were confirmed existing by the absorption method, the characteristic X-ray approach and the NaI scintillation counters. The average X-ray energy (26.9 +/- 2.2 keV) measured by the absorption method is in agreement within the error range with X-ray one (26.0 +/- 2.4 keV) detected by NaI scintillation counters. The X-ray intensity measured roughly by use of the 7U thermoluminescent foils is about 10^9 - 10^10 s^-1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=170 | |||
| 756 | Journal Article | Chen, S. K., Wan, C. M., Liu, E. H., Chu, S. B., Liang, C. Y. | 1996 | The microstructure of electrocatalytically deuterium-loaded palladium rods' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | The microstructure of electrocatalytically deuterium-loaded palladium rods' | surface analysis, electrolysis, LiD, loading, structure, Pd, D2O, molten salt | ||||||||
| 757 | Journal Article | Chen, B. R., Gomez, M. A., Doll, J. D., Freeman, D. L. | 1996 | Theoretical studies of the effect of hydrogen-hydrogen interactions on the structural and dynamical properties of metal/hydrogen clusters | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 105, Num = 21, Page = 9686 | Theoretical studies of the effect of hydrogen-hydrogen interactions on the structural and dynamical properties of metal/hydrogen clusters | theory | ||||||||
| 758 | Conference Proceedings | Chen, S. K., Liaug, C. Y. | 1998 | Observations of Cell Temperature Drops and High Vapor Temperatures in H2O Electrolysis of Ni and in D2O Electrolysis of Pd | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 68 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Observations of Cell Temperature Drops and High Vapor Temperatures in H2O Electrolysis of Ni and in D2O Electrolysis of Pd | H2O, D2O, electrolysis, Pd, Ni, heat, ICCF-7 | After the announcement of Pons-Fleischmann experiment, scientists have repeated the same experiment and have improved their experiment as well as have innovated many other experiments related to the cold nuclear fusion and nuclear transmutation phenomena. In all the above experiments only the D20 electrolyte temperature rises (e.g., excess heat) have been recorded, while little has reported on the electrolyte temperature drops and/or on the vapor temperature rises in cell during electrolysis. This experiment shows phenomena of angmalous heat absorption, rather than heat generation, in electrolysis, and how vapor temperature changes in electrolysis cell. In this experiment the electrolyte temperature can decrease from higher than to lower than the reference temperature, e.g., 19? in 3 minutes, in a cell containing 350 c.c. D2O and 0.5 c.c. Pd electrode. On the other hand, the highest vapor temperature can reach ca. 160 deg C, while the lowest can touch that below the reference temperature in Ni cell. The anomalous heat absorption may be explained as an effect of a reverse D(d,gamma) 4He reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=68 | ||
| 759 | Journal Article | Chen, L., Qiu, X., Song, S. | 1998 | Experimental research of excess heat under high pulse current | High Power Laser Part. Beams, Vol = 10, Num = 2, Page = 312 (in Chinese) | Experimental research of excess heat under high pulse current | Pd, gas discharge, neutron, heat | ||||||||
| 760 | Conference Proceedings | Chen, S., Li, X. Z. | 2002 | Tritium production and selective resonant tunneling model | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tritium production and selective resonant tunneling model 3989 | tritium, theory, ICCF-9 | Two principles of the selective resonant tunneling model are recapitulated, and applied to the case of tritium production. The model can explain the tritium production in condensed matter nuclear reaction with no neutron and gamma radiation semi-quantitatively. A similar model may excess heat with no commensurate neutron and gamma radiation. Some experiments are suggested to test our explanation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChenStritiumpro.pdf | |||
| 761 | Conference Proceedings | Chen, S., Li, X. Z. | 2003 | The Application Of Multiple Scattering Theory (Mst) In Calculating The Deuterium Flux Permeating The Pd Thin Film | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The Application Of Multiple Scattering Theory (Mst) In Calculating The Deuterium Flux Permeating The Pd Thin Film | theory | The multiple-scattering theory is applied to the de Broglie wave of deuterons inside the palladium film. The formalism for band structure calculation and the reflection and transmission calculations for finite slices is presented. The latter is based on a double-layer scheme which obtains the reflection and transmission matrix elements for the multiplayer slice from those of a single layer. With a relative simple model for the potential of palladium crystal lattice, we calculate the band structures of probability wave of deuterons propagating in the palladium, as well as the transmission coefficients through finite periodic slices. Selective resonant tunneling theory is adopted when obtaining the scattering matrix T. Our calculations consist with experimental results which can not be explained by diffusion theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChenStheapplica.pdf | |||
| 762 | Journal Article | Chene, J., Brass, A. M. | 1990 | Tritium production during the cathodic discharge of deuterium on palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 280 | Tritium production during the cathodic discharge of deuterium on palladium | electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O | ||||||||
| 763 | Conference Proceedings | Cheng, Y. C., Hwang, W. Y. P., Yang, S. N. | 1990 | Thoughts on Warm Fusion Versus Cold Fusion | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 335 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Thoughts on Warm Fusion Versus Cold Fusion | theory, cluster, ICCF-1 | We propose a mechanism that may allow for understanding of the cluster-impact fusion experiment of Beuhler, Friedlander, and Friedman. When the cluster of D2O molecules collides with the metallic surface, the cluster dissociates into a collection of D and 0 atoms. In the process, a significant portion of the translational kinetic energy of the cluster is converted to thermal energy, so that the system thermalizes to become a 'warm atomic plasma'. The neutral D atoms in the warm atomic plasma then fuse with the D atoms in the lattice via direct scattering, without going through the doorway step of forming D2 molecules. As a rough estimate for the fusion reaction rate, the velocity distribution of the thermalized D atoms is taken to be Maxwell-Boltzmann, leading to results in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations for a cluster of about 100 - 300 molecules. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=354 | ||
| 764 | Conference Proceedings | Chernov, I. P., Nikitenkov, N. N., Puchkareva, L. N., Kolobov, Yu. R. | 1998 | Charge Isotopic Composition of Metals at Deuterium Charge | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 441 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Charge Isotopic Composition of Metals at Deuterium Charge | diffusion, transmutation, theory, ICCF-7 | In recent years in a series of publications it was reported that occur modification of isotope natural abundance of metals and alloys both matrix elements, and impurities and hydrogen saturation [1-6]. As a rule, the authors of these publications try to explain the observed modifications by nuclear transmutation hypothesis. However, there are objections against this hypothesis according to reasons present below. At first, the scale of transformation of an isotopic composition is so great, that it cannot be explained on the basis of cross section of nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=441 | ||
| 765 | Journal Article | Chernov, I. P., Mel'nikova, T. N., Cherdantsev, Yu. P., Kreining, M., Baumbakh, Kh. | 1998 | Yield of nuclear reaction products from deuterium-saturated composite materials and layered structures | Russ. Phys. J., Vol = 41 | Yield of nuclear reaction products from deuterium-saturated composite materials and layered structures | Ni-WC, electrolysis, gamma emission, neutron Titanium, Pd layer, surface, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 766 | Conference Proceedings | Chernov, I. P., Koroteev, V., Silkin, V., Tyurin, Y. | 2007 | Excitation of Hydrogen Subsystem in Metals by External Influence | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Excitation of Hydrogen Subsystem in Metals by External Influence | hydrogen exitation | Experimental results which point to the existence of a hydrogen subsystem in solids and the possibility of its excitation by external influence are described. Occupying the equivalent positions inside host metal, hydrogen forms its own subsystem inside a crystal lattice and has vibration frequencies lying outside the phonon spectrum of a crystal. Under external energy input (for instance by means of radiation) an excitation of vibrations occurs in the hydrogen subsystem. The following facts point to this: intensive migration, diffusion and release of hydrogen isotopes from metals at low temperature; superlinear dependence of H, D release from metals on the electron current density and H, D concentration; H and D release from the whole volume of samples during the irradiation process by focused electron beam; H and D release in both molecular and atomic forms. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=36 | |||||
| 767 | Journal Article | Chiba, M., Shirakawa, T., Fujii, M., Ikebe, T., Yamaoka, S., Sueki, K., Nakahara, H., Hirose, T. | 1995 | Measurement of neutron emission from LiNbO3 fracture process in D2 and H2 atmosphere | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 108 | Measurement of neutron emission from LiNbO3 fracture process in D2 and H2 atmosphere | fractofusion, superconductivity, neutron, D2, H2 | ||||||||
| 768 | Conference Proceedings | Chicea, D. | 1996 | About nuclear coulomb barrier and electron over-concentration | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 305 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | 1997 | About nuclear coulomb barrier and electron over-concentration | theory, electron, ICCF-6 | When a conductor is the subject of a negative electric potential an electron concentration increase, located very near the surface occurs. A simple model for computing the increase of electron concentration on a grainy metal surface caused by an applied negative potential is presented and used in calculating the excess electron concentration and the size of the electric charge layer. The screening effect caused by the high negative electric charge density is considered for assessing the transparency of the nuclear Coulomb barrier at low incident energies. The results are discussed in connection with the processes grouped in the Cold Fusion class. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=320 | ||
| 769 | Journal Article | Chicea, D. | 1997 | Electron Clusters- Possible Deuterium Fusion Catalyzers | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 1, Page = 37 | Electron Clusters- Possible Deuterium Fusion Catalyzers | theory electron cluster | Abstract Simple calculations concerning the behaviour of the deuterons trapped in an electron cluster are presented. The kinetic energy achieved by a deuteron accelerated from the edge to the center of an electron cluster is sufficient for the coulomb barrier to be penetrated in the traditionally known manner. The results are discussed in connection with the published experimental data concerning the impact of the electron clusters on a metal target. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDelectroncl.pdf | ||||||
| 770 | Conference Proceedings | Chicea, D. | 1998 | About Deuterium Nuclear Reaction Rate in Condensed Matter | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 451 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | About Deuterium Nuclear Reaction Rate in Condensed Matter | theory, ICCF-7 | Abstract The Coulomb barrier penetrability of two approaching nuclei is computed in the frame of the W.K.B approximation. A simple model for describing the screening effect of the Coulomb nuclear barrier by the high electron concentration in condensed matter is? presented. The nuclear reaction rate of the hydrogen isotope nuclei, trapped in a metallic lattice is assessed, both for the unscreened and for the screened Coulomb barrier, averaged by the Maxwell distribution. The model predicts that, in certain circumstances, for porous or grainy samples, which are subject to a negative electric potential and are heavily loaded with deuterium, very low nuclear radiation level might be detected. The results are discussed in connection with some of the very successful experiments like Miley's metal-coated spheres. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDaboutdeute.pdf | ||
| 771 | Conference Proceedings | Chicea, D. | 1998 | The Role of the Energy Fluctuations in the Possibility of Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 451 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The Role of the Energy Fluctuations in the Possibility of Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | theory, ICCF-7 | Abstract In many experimental papers concerning experiments of loading certain metals like nickel, palladium with hydrogen isotopes low radiation levels have been reported. A simple model to describe the energy fluctuation of a deuteron trapped in a lattice, considering elastic collisions in one dimension with the ions is presented. The energy fluctuations, combined with the increase of the Coulomb barrier penetration probability produced by the electron screening effect, might lead to a very small and unsteady rate of low energy nuclear reactions produced by the hydrogen isotopes in condensed matter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDtheroleoft.pdf | ||
| 772 | Journal Article | Chicea, D. | 1998 | A Note on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 30 | A Note on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | theory | ||||||||
| 773 | Journal Article | Chicea, D., Lupu, D., Cheregi, I. | 1998 | Experimental evidence of neutron emission from TiDx samples | Hadronic J., Vol = 21 | Experimental evidence of neutron emission from TiDx samples | Ti, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 774 | Conference Proceedings | Chicea, D., Stoicescu, D. | 2000 | Experimental Evidence of Nuclear Reactions in Deuterated Titanium Samples Under Non-Equilibrium Conditions Induced by Temperature Variation | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 247 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Experimental Evidence of Nuclear Reactions in Deuterated Titanium Samples Under Non-Equilibrium Conditions Induced by Temperature Variation | Ti, D2, neutron, ICCF-8 | ABSTRACT Several experiments of loading Titanium samples with Deuterium from the gas phase, of changing the temperature of the samples over a wide range and of monitoring the neutron emission were done. Neutron emissions in very low intensity bursts, still significantly above the background were recorded, revealing that low energy nuclear reactions in condensed matter can be produced with a very low rate, which occasionally can be high enough to become detectable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDexperimenta.pdf | ||
| 775 | Journal Article | Chicea, D., Lupu, D. | 2001 | Low-intensity neutron emission from TiDx samples under nonequilibrium conditions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 39 | Low-intensity neutron emission from TiDx samples under nonequilibrium conditions | Ti, neutron, D2 | ABSTRACT Several experiments of loading Titanium samples with Deuterium from the gas phase, of changing the temperature of the samples over a wide range and of monitoring the neutron emission were done. Neutron emissions in very low intensity bursts, still significantly? above the background were recorded, revealing that low energy nuclear reactions in condensed matter can be produced with a very low rate, which occasionally can be high enough to become detectable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDlowintensi.pdf | ||||||
| 776 | Conference Proceedings | Chicea, D. | 2002 | On New Elements on Cathode Surface after Hydrogen Isotopes Absorption | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | 2002 | On New Elements on Cathode Surface after Hydrogen Isotopes Absorption | neutron | Several experiments of loading Hydrogen and Deuterium into different metals foils and thin film metal layers by using them as cathodes in prolonged electrolysis experiments were performed. Before and after experiments the cathode surface was analyzed by the Scanning Electron Microscopy technique. Results reveal that different elements that were not present in the surface layer before the experiment could be identified in the system after the experiment, with an accuracy considerable above the experimental errors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDonneweleme.pdf | |||
| 777 | Conference Proceedings | Chicea, D. | 2002 | On Current Density and Excess Power Density in Electrolysis Experiments | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | 2002 | On Current Density and Excess Power Density in Electrolysis Experiments | Excess heat, electrolysis | Abstract Results of a study of an electrolytic device that can produce excess power are presented. The power calibration procedure used for the experiments and the data analysis procedure is briefly described in this paper. Different combinations of cathode and electrolyte were investigated. Thin foils of different pure metals were and thin spattered layers of different pure metals on different substrates were used as cathodes. Excess power results, the power density and details on the combinations of cathode and electrolyte are also presented. The results reveal that a higher excess power density was obtained using thin film metal cathodes than thin foils. Another interesting result is that the excess power density appears to be correlated with the current density along the cathode. Although the data points are in ranges that are different of each other with orders of magnitude, the slopes of the lines that are fitted on the data points comparable, within the experimental errors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDoncurrentd.pdf | |||
| 778 | Conference Proceedings | Chicea, D. | 2003 | Comment On Carbon Production In Deuterium-Metal Systems | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Comment On Carbon Production In Deuterium-Metal Systems | transmutation | Several electrolysis experiments of loading deuterium into different metals foils and thin film films are described. Before and after loading the cathode surface was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and by Energy Dispersive Spectrometry. High magnification images of the surface of several metals were taken. A control experiment was conducted to make sure that the experimental setup is not accidentally contaminating the samples. A surprising amount of carbon was found on the cathode surface after each D loading experiment. The result is discussed in connection with other experimental results on low energy nuclear transmutations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChiceaDcommentonc.pdf | |||
| 779 | Book Section | Chidambaram, R., Sahni, V. C. | 1989 | Materials Issues in the So-Called 'Cold Fusion' Experiments | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Materials Issues in the So-Called 'Cold Fusion' Experiments | theory | 1500 | ||||
| 780 | Journal Article | Chidambaram, R., Sahni, V. C. | 1989 | Materials issues in the so-called 'cold fusion' experiments | Curr. Sci., Vol = 58 | Materials issues in the so-called 'cold fusion' experiments | loading, thermodynamic, Pd, D2, H2, critique | ||||||||
| 781 | Journal Article | Chien, C. C., Huang, T. C. | 1992 | Tritium production by electrolysis of heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Tritium production by electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O, surface | ||||||||
| 782 | Journal Article | Chien, C. C., Hodko, D., Minevski, Z., Bockris, J. | 1992 | On an electrode producing massive quantities of tritium and helium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 338 | On an electrode producing massive quantities of tritium and helium | Pd, electrolysis, tritium, Helium, D2O, surface analysis | A Pd electrode has been examined which produced a concentration of tritium in a 0.1 M LiOD solution around 10^3 times above background. Tritium production at a given potential ceased after a few days, but could be restarted by a small increase of the deuterium overpotential. Correspondingly, He4 was found in 9-10 pieces of the Pd electrode at 2-100 times background. Addition of fresh amounts of D2O quenched the T production which began again spontaneously after 1-2 days. If the T had come from contamination, 3He would have been found in the electrode: it was absent. Loss of charge by the nucleus lakes place when the fugacity of D in voids exceeds 10^17 atm (Lifshitz and Pitaevskii, 1963). Sporadicity of function arises from the state of the surface, which is difficult to reproduce. The surface state controls the mechanism of D- evolution: only some mechanisms give a fugacity high enough to cause fusion. Only one electrode out of four examined produced T and 4He. The surface of this electrode contained a Cu-mosaic structure, not seen on the inactive electrodes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChienCConanelectr.pdf | ||||||
| 783 | Journal Article | Chindarkar, A. R., Paithankar, A. S., Bhagwat, A. M., Naik, G. R., Iyyengar, S. K., Srinivasan, M. | 1994 | Observation of Anomalous Emissions of High Energy (=1 MeV) Charged Particles When 5 keV Protons Impinge on Palladium and Titanium Foils | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 197 | Observation of Anomalous Emissions of High Energy (=1 MeV) Charged Particles When 5 keV Protons Impinge on Palladium and Titanium Foils | particle emission, Pd, H2, ion implantation, Ti | ||||||||
| 784 | Journal Article | Cho, Y., Leisure, R. G. | 1988 | Novel ultrasonic attenuation peak in a'-PdDx | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 38 | Novel ultrasonic attenuation peak in a'-PdDx | phonon, PdD, structure | ||||||||
| 785 | Conference Proceedings | Choi, E., Ejiri, H., Ohsumi, H. | 1992 | Limit on Fast Neutrons from DD Fusion in Deuterized Pd by Means of Ge Detector | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 485 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Limit on Fast Neutrons from DD Fusion in Deuterized Pd by Means of Ge Detector | Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission ICCF-3 electrolysis | Search for fast neutrons from the electrochemistry loaded Pd-D system at room temperature was made in order to study the possible d-d fusion there. A low-background high-resolution Ge detector surrounded by neutron scatterers was used to investigate the fast (1 ~ 5 MwC neutrons. The neutron flux was obtained by measuring rates of the gamma rays following inelastic scattering of the fast neutrons from nuclei in the scatterers. The observed spectrum shows no significantly significant excess of gamma rays above background. No neutrons or gamma were detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=223 | ||
| 786 | Journal Article | Choi, E., Ejiri, H., Ohsumi, H. | 1993 | Application of a Ge detector to search for fast neutrons from DD fusion in deuterized Pd | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 32A | Application of a Ge detector to search for fast neutrons from DD fusion in deuterized Pd | electrolysis, Pd, neutron | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: A low-background high-resolution Ge detector surrounded by neutron scatterers was applied to investigate fast neutrons from the electrochemically loaded Pd-D system. The neutron flux was obtained by measuring the yields of the γ-rays following inelastic scattering of the fast neutrons from nuclei in the scatterers. The detector was shown to be very sensitive in the search for rare neutron events such as d-d fusion at room temperature. The observed spectrum shows no statistically significant excess of the γ-rays above the background. The upper limit on the fusion rate was obtained as λf<1.6?10^-24(ddn)fusions/(dd)pair/s. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChoiEapplicatio.pdf | ||||||
| 787 | Journal Article | Choi, E., Ejiri, H., Ohsumi, H., Kishimoto, T. | 1996 | Search for time-correlated fast neutrons from DD fusion at room temperature | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 35 | Search for time-correlated fast neutrons from DD fusion at room temperature | neutron, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: A time-correlated spectrum of fast neutrons from the electrochemically loaded Pd-D system was measured by a low-background high-resolution Ge detector surrounded by neutron scatterers. Time correlation of fast neutrons was obtained by measuring the time correlation of γ-rays following inelastic scattering of fast neutrons. The measurement shows no evidence for neutron burst during the electrolysis of the Pd-D system at room temperature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChoiEsearchfort.pdf | ||||||
| 788 | Magazine Article | Choi, C. | 2005 | News Scan: Back to Square One | Scientific American | March 2005 | News Scan: Back to Square One | ||||||||
| 789 | Journal Article | Chon, A., Rabinowitz, M. | 1990 | Classical Tunneling | International J. Theoret. Phys., Vol = 29, Num = 3, Page = 215 | Classical Tunneling | theory | ||||||||
| 790 | Journal Article | Chou, I | 1986 | Permeability of Precious Metals to Hydrogen at 2 KB Total Pressure and Elevated Temperatures | Am. J. Sci., Vol = 286 | Permeability of Precious Metals to Hydrogen at 2 KB Total Pressure and Elevated Temperatures | Pd-Ag, Pt, Ag, Au, H, diffusion | ||||||||
| 791 | Journal Article | Chou, P., Vannice, M. A. | 1987 | Calorimetric Heat of Adsorption Measurements on Palladium. I. Influence of Crystallite Size and Support on Hydrogen Adsorption | J. Catal., Vol = 104 | Calorimetric Heat of Adsorption Measurements on Palladium. I. Influence of Crystallite Size and Support on Hydrogen Adsorption | Pd, H2, thermodynamic, Pd-black, absorption | ||||||||
| 792 | Journal Article | Christensen, O. B., Ditlevsen, P. D., Jacobsen, K. W., Stoltz, P., Nielsen, O. H., Norskov, J. K. | 1989 | H-H Interactions in Pd | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 3, Page = 1993 | H-H Interactions in Pd | Pd, H, interaction, theory, structure, distance | ||||||||
| 793 | Journal Article | Christensen, O. B., Stoltze, P., Jacobsen, K. W., Norskov, J. K. | 1990 | Effective-Medium Calculations for Hydrogen in Ni, Pd, and Pt | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41 | Effective-Medium Calculations for Hydrogen in Ni, Pd, and Pt | bonding, theory, PdH, NiH, PtH, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 794 | Journal Article | Christianto, V., Umniyati, Y., Krasnoholovets, V. | 2017 | On Plausible Role of Classical Electromagnetic Theory and Submicroscopic Physics to understand and Enhance Low Energy Nuclear Reaction: A Preliminary Review | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | On Plausible Role of Classical Electromagnetic Theory and Submicroscopic Physics to understand and Enhance Low Energy Nuclear Reaction: A Preliminary Review | Classical electromagnetic theory, Coulomb barrier suppression, Electronuclear potential, Nuclear Van der Waals force, Ponderomotive force, Subdeuterium, Submicroscopic physics, Vortex sound theory | In this paper, we discussed how we can study some effects associated with LENR/CMNS from the principles of classical electromagnetic theory, and also from a very new approach based on a submicroscopic concept of physics. Perhaps our considerations have their own risks because the majority of mainstream physicists consider nuclear fusion rather as a phenomenon associated with tunneling through a Coulomb barrier, which is a pure quantum effect. We will discuss that there are some aspects of classical electromagnetic theories which may have impact on our understanding on LENR/CMNS phenomena, including: (a) nonlinear electrostatic potential as proposed by Eugen Andreev, (b) vortex sound theory of Tsutomu Kambe, (c) nonlinear ponderomotive force, and (d) submicroscopic consideration. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedu.pdf#page=32 | ||||||
| 795 | Journal Article | Christianto, V., Smarandache, F., Umniyati, Y. | 2020 | Remark on Lehnert's Revised Quantum Electrodynamics (RQED) as an Alternative to Francesco Celani's et al. Maxwell-Clifford Equations: With an Outline of Chiral Cosmology Model and its Role to CMNS | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | Remark on Lehnert's Revised Quantum Electrodynamics (RQED) as an Alternative to Francesco Celani's et al. Maxwell-Clifford Equations: With an Outline of Chiral Cosmology Model and its Role to CMNS | Chiral medium, Chiral gravitation theory, Electrodynamics of superconductor, Hirsch theory, Hydrodynamics Maxwell equations, LENR, London equations, Maxwell equations, Proca equations, Revised QED | In a recent paper published in JCMNS in 2017, Francesco Celani, Di Tommaso and Vassalo argued that Maxwell equations rewritten in Clifford algebra are sufficient to describe the electron and also ultra-dense deuterium reaction process proposed by Homlid et al. Apparently, Celani et al. believed that their Maxwell-Clifford equations are an excellent candidate to surpass both Classical Electromagnetic and Zitterbewegung QM. Meanwhile, in a series of papers, Bo Lehnert proposed a novel and revised version of Quantum Electrodynamics (RQED) based on Proca equations. Therefore, in this paper, we gave an outline of Lehnert's RQED, as an alternative framework to Celani et al Zitterbewegung-Classical EM. Moreover, in a rather old paper, Mario Liu described hydrodynamic Maxwell equations. While he also discussed potential implications of these new approaches to superconductors, such a discussion of electrodynamics of superconductors is made only after Tajmar's paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=96 | ||||||
| 796 | Journal Article | Christman, D. R. | 1990 | Cold fusion | Chem. Eng. News | Cold fusion | tritium | ||||||||
| 797 | Report | Chrzan, D. C., Wolfer, W. G. | 1991 | Helium Bubble Growth by the Dislocation Pipe Diffusion Mechanism | Chem. Eng. News | Helium Bubble Growth by the Dislocation Pipe Diffusion Mechanism | 4He, PdT, bubble, swelling, dislocation | ||||||||
| 798 | Journal Article | Chu, C. W., Xue, Y. Y., Meng, R. L., Hor, P. H., Huang, Z. J., Gao, L. | 1989 | Search for the proposed cold fusion of D in Pd | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 3 | Search for the proposed cold fusion of D in Pd | heat-, neutron-, electrolysis, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 799 | Journal Article | Chu, L. Y., Lu, D-H. | 1990 | The estimation of nuclear fusion rate in crystal | Commun. Theor. Phys. (China), Vol = 13 | The estimation of nuclear fusion rate in crystal | Theory, PdD, periodic field | ||||||||
| 800 | Journal Article | Chu, S. Y., Shen, B. | 1991 | Can the color force be used to achieve fusion? | Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol = A6 | Can the color force be used to achieve fusion? | Theory, color force | ||||||||
| 801 | Journal Article | Chu, L., Wang, S. | 1992 | Coulomb screening of deuterium in metal crystal | Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), Vol = 26, Num = 6, Page = 80 (in Chinese) | Coulomb screening of deuterium in metal crystal | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 802 | Report | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1990 | Distributed bosonic states and condensed matter fusion | Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), Vol = 26, Num = 6, Page = 80 (in Chinese) | NRL | Washington | Distributed bosonic states and condensed matter fusion | theory | This paper presents a theory of condensed matter fusion in crystals based on the periodic potential provided by an ordered lattice and the approximate Bose statistics obeyed by bosons on length scales associated with electrostatic interactions. The resulting nuclear interaction proceeds in a manner that approximately preserves either the initial periodicity of the lattice or the periodicity of a commensurate lattice. Reaction reversibility over timescales associated with electrostatic interaction results in condensed matter fusion being dominated by interactions in which both the products and reactants obey Bose-Einstein statistics. As a result tritium release and 3He+ production should not appear as primary fusion products. | Memorandum Report 6600 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRdistribute.pdf | ||||
| 803 | Report | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1990 | Nuclear Fusion in a Solid via a Bose Bloch Concentrate | Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), Vol = 26, Num = 6, Page = 80 (in Chinese) | NRL | Washington | Nuclear Fusion in a Solid via a Bose Bloch Concentrate | theory | We present a theory of solid state fusion based on the formation of a D+ bosonic Bloch condensate within a metal deuteride. The first step towards fusion is a coalescence reaction which converts a 4-fold occupation state of zero point motion size into a state of nuclear dimensions . Reaction rates for the coalescence reaction are calculated using the Fermi Golden Rule. | Memorandum Report 6617 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRnuclearfus.pdf | ||||
| 804 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1990 | Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 691 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry | theory, ion band, wave | ||||
| 805 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1990 | Quantum Mechanics of 'Cold and 'Not-So-Cold' Fusion' | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 119 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Quantum Mechanics of 'Cold and 'Not-So-Cold' Fusion' | theory, ICCF-1, Quantum Machanics | Cooperative ionic fluctuations, which become energetically favorable during the overcharging of a sufficiently ordered, stoichiometric Pd-D lattice, provide a means for an entirely new form of nuclear interaction, 'cold' or 'solid state' fusion. As a consequence, I) nucleons separated by macroscopic distances in a classical sense may interact in a nuclear fashion quantum mechanically. and 2) nuclear fusion may occur in which unfamiliar products are released. The evolution of such an ionic nuctuation. which we have named a Bose Bloch Condensate (BBC). becomes favorable as the concentrations of D and Pd become comparable because of I arge energy costs from lattice strain at individual lattice sites that result from coulombic repulsion associated with the occupation of a site by more than one D. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=138 | ||
| 806 | Journal Article | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1990 | Bloch-symmmetric fusion in PdD(x) | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Bloch-symmmetric fusion in PdD(x) | Theory | ||||||||
| 807 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1991 | An Explanation of Cold Fusion and Cold Fusion By-products, based on Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 199 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | An Explanation of Cold Fusion and Cold Fusion By-products, based on Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry | theory, ICCF-2 | In this paper, first we re-examine the assumptions associated with applying the fundamental 'scientific paradigm' of hot fusion to the problem of cold fusion and then explain how much of the cold fusion controversy can be reconciled once an alternative paradigm, based on solid state physics, is adapted. The new world-view that results from this different perspective is the basis of our 'Lattice Induced Nuclear Chemistry' (LINC) theory of cold fusion. We conclude the paper by summarizing some of the most important results of LINC. These include our predictions (prior to the experimental work by Bush et al.) that 1) it is to be expected that the primary cold fusion byproducts in the electrolytic experiments involved Pd and D probably are heat and low-energy 4He, 2) the 4He should remain largely on trapped within the bulk electrode and be found primarily in the surface region and out gases, and 3) there is a need to satisfy a critical loading condition (of x~1 in PdDx) in the electrolytic experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=214 | ||
| 808 | Journal Article | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1991 | Cold fusion as an interaction between ion band states | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Cold fusion as an interaction between ion band states | Theory | A theory of solid-state fusion based on the interaction between D+ and 4He++ ion band states within a host lattice is presented. Formation of ion band-state deuterium is thermo-dynamically favored when lattice strain energy is greater than the incremental chemical potential of the band state. The key fusion step is a coalescence fluctuation that converts a twofold occupation state of electrostatic zero-point-motion size into a state of nuclear dimensions. Rates are calculated using the Fermi Golden Rule. Fusion energy is shared between band-state members and subsequently transferred to the lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 809 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1992 | Ion Band State Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 623 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Ion Band State Fusion | theory, ion band, wave, ICCF-3 | Puska et al. and Astaldi et al. have provided experimental evidence for the existence of hydrogen ion band states in adsorption studies of H and D atoms on metallic surfaces. If a certain view of quantum reality is correct, an ion band state (IBS) D+ population has wave function overlap and will undergo cold fusion, unlike normal molecules and ionic and covalent solids. Arguments leading to this conclusion and a tabulation of likely IBS reactions are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=358 | ||
| 810 | Journal Article | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1993 | Ion band state fusion: reactions, power density, and the quantum reality question | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Ion band state fusion: reactions, power density, and the quantum reality question | Theory | ||||||||
| 811 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1994 | Ion Band States: What They Are, and How They Affect Cold Fusion | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 75 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Ion Band States: What They Are, and How They Affect Cold Fusion | theory | ||||
| 812 | Journal Article | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1994 | The Role of Hydrogen Ion Band States in Cold Fusion | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 414 | The Role of Hydrogen Ion Band States in Cold Fusion | theory, ion band, wave | ||||||||
| 813 | Journal Article | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1995 | Wave function overlap and nuclear reactions in D+ ion band state matter | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 414 | Wave function overlap and nuclear reactions in D+ ion band state matter | theory, size, wave | ||||||||
| 814 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1995 | The Ion Band State Theory | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 315 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | The Ion Band State Theory | theory, band state, ICCF-5 | We have previously explained how the occupation of ion band states by hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) in palladium deuteride PdD and possibly Ni can result in radiationless fusion. The explanation includes a number of assumptions about the governing conditions associated with the process. As a consequence of these assumptions we predicted1-3 important excess heat phenomena (loading requirements, by-products, etc.) of Cold Fusion (CF) that were subsequently observed4,5. Although the governing ideas are based on mainstream solid state physics ideas, the underlying theory 'seems' to have 'evaded' a number of potential problems that have bothered many people concerning CF. As we have explained recently6,7, as a result of these solid state physics effects, discontinuous changes in momentum and singularities in the effective kinetic energies associated with H or D that may occur through the occupation of ion band states provide a means for eliminating the phenomena that seemingly are omitted by the theory. In this paper we clarify the origin of these effects and their relationship to questions that have been raised associated with our treatment of the Coulomb barrier. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAtheionband.pdf | ||
| 815 | Journal Article | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1996 | Fusion Reactions in Deuterided Palladium. The Why of Cold Fusion Heat | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 315 | Fusion Reactions in Deuterided Palladium. The Why of Cold Fusion Heat | theory | ||||||||
| 816 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1996 | Hidden results of the ion band state theory | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 315 | Okamoto, M. | Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Hidden results of the ion band state theory | theory, particle-wave, ion-band, ICCF-6 | Using the Ion Band State (IBS) theory, we predicted a number of important effects that were subsequently observed3 in Cold Fusion anomalous heat experiments. Despite this fact, the theory has inspired controversy4and confusions. By addressing the skeptics, we have learned that both the success of the theory and the controversy it seems to provoke have a common origin: our application of conventional, mainstream, solid state, many-body physics ideas that are known to describe the physics of hydrogen inside7 and on the surface7 of transition metals, to the PdD Cold Fusion problem. Our application of these mainstream ideas is inconsistent with the predominant paradigm that is commonly applied to Cold Fusion because it uses important ideas that relate periodic order to coherence that are known to apply at low temperature (LT) in solids and to hydrogen-in-metal systems that are not consistent with the conventional high temperature (HT) models that have formed the basis of conventional thinking. Implicit in this alternative (LT) picture is the important result that symmetry provides a means of 'hiding' the potential location of a particular nuclear reaction. As a consequence: 1. it becomes impossible to distinguish the locations of the associated (periodically distributed) nuclear interactions, and 2. the associated energy release is initiated through a coherent release of energy and charge at the crystal boundaries. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=330 | |||
| 817 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1996 | Radiationless Cold Fusion: Why Small 'Crystals' Are Better, N(cell) Requirement, and Energy Transfer to Lattice | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 417 | Okamoto, M. | Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Radiationless Cold Fusion: Why Small 'Crystals' Are Better, N(cell) Requirement, and Energy Transfer to Lattice | theory, particle-wave, ion-band, ICCF-6 | The Ion Band State Theory describes Fleischmann and Pons cold fusion phenomena.? It is based on application of solid state band theory physics, many-body physics, and the known quantum behavior of hydrogen in metals.? Important assumptions are that charge neutrality exists in each unit cell and that the reactive quantum states, which are stationary Bloch states, are describable as symmetric sums over complete sets of non-stationary, particle-like Wannier states.? Consequences are that D+-D+ wave function overlap occurs for crystals possessing a sufficiently large number Ncell > ~10^4 of unit cells.? Once this condition is met, small crystals provide more power per cc than larger crystals.? Energy-transfer from the product state to the lattice electrons results from a change in the quantum of mass and resulting inelastic scattering due to charge distribution changes in the boundary region.?The theory also predicts that the primary product is 4He, as observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAradiationl.pdf | |||
| 818 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1998 | Periodic Order, Symmetry, and Coherence in Cold Fusion | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 73 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Periodic Order, Symmetry, and Coherence in Cold Fusion | theory | Abstract-- Solids, at room temperature, are periodically ordered. High temperature plasma's (HTP's) are disordered. Because of this fact, collisions i n solids and HTP' s are very different. Specifically, because solids have periodic order, they can coherently absorb momentum, all at once at a point, discontinuously, and through recoil processes in which the solid, as a whole, moves in response to a collision at an isolated location. As a result, in ordered solids, very often, the initial momentum of 'colliding' particles is not conserved by the particles during 'collisions. ' At lowlintermediate temperatures, these kinds of 'collisions' play a dominant role i n the following important effects: 1 . the conduction of heat and electricity (Ashkroft and Mermin, 1 976A), 2. diffraction of neutrons, electrons and X-rays (Ashkroft and Mermin, 1 976B), and 3 . the Mossbauer effect (Schwinger, 1990; Schwinger, 1 994). Because the idealized limit of stoichiometric PdD is periodically ordered, not only is there reason to believe that further D-loading will result in the occupation of ion band states by D-nuclei. it is probable that the potential nuclear reactions and transport of ion band state D (Chubb and Chubb, 1 991) will be dominated by these kinds of interactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=73 | ||
| 819 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 1998 | Really Cold, Cold Fusion | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 78 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Really Cold, Cold Fusion | theory, ICCF-7 | We argue that much of the debate concerning 'Cold Fusion' (CF) has resulted from the misguided assumption that CF somehow must mimic a colder version of conventional fusion. Instead we suggest that CF is the result of phenomena that are most intense at absolute temperature T equal to zero, and that these effects persist at room temperature. This alternative approach makes good physical sense because it is unreasonable to believe that particle-particle collisions can provide a mechanism for overcoming the conventional 'Coulomb B arrier' at room temperature as many have assumed (Lindley, 1 990; Chechin et aI, 1 994). Instead, we suggest that the possible avenues to fusion are the result of coherent, many-body effects that are tied to the underlying, well-known rules of solid-state physics as they apply to periodically ordered lattices. In the paper, we provide an overview of the logic associated with this alternative framework and suggest a number of new , lower T experiments in which pronounced anomalous behavior could result from D+D->4He reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=78 | ||
| 820 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 1998 | Deuteride-Induced Strong Force Reactions | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 83 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Deuteride-Induced Strong Force Reactions | theory, ICCF-7 | ND band state D+ ions are treated as a sum over pairs.? The wave functions of a D+ pair is assumed to be a product of a Bloch function in lattice space times a Bloch function in separation space.? Overlap allows a strong force fusion reaction to 4He++.? A coupling between the nuclear change and the ion charge distribution in the lattice is described.? The change in ion charge distribution scatters Bloch electrons in a multistep nuclear de-excitation process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAdeuteridei.pdf | ||
| 821 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 2000 | Theoretical Framework for Anomalous Heat and 4He in Transition Metal Systems | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 385 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Theoretical Framework for Anomalous Heat and 4He in Transition Metal Systems | theory, ICCF-8 | Introduction Cold Fusion has been plagued with misconceptions about what is and is not possible, based on the 'Laws' of Quantum Mechanics. An important reason for this is the seemingly impossibly large difference in length-scale between nuclear- and atomic- processes. In conventional fusion, these scales remain 'so far apart' that they 'effectively' don? 'talk' to each other, usually. However, electromagnetic interactions (EMI's) have infinite range. For this reason, it is possible that EMI's 'can' 'explain' how this 'apparent' problem can be eliminated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRtheoretica.pdf | ||
| 822 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 2000 | Deuteron Fluxing and the Ion Band State Theory | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 391 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Deuteron Fluxing and the Ion Band State Theory | theory, ICCF-8 | Abstract In Cold Fusion, confusion exists as a result of conflicting intuitive pictures, one based on local physics, the other on non-local physics. The local picture, based on particle-particle interaction, has played a dominant role. The non-local 'less-intuitive' picture, based on the known behavior of solids, places greater emphasis on the behavior of matter distributions and their interaction with the associated environment. The resulting description is consistent with the known laws of physics and the behavior of hydrogen, deuterium (D+) and tritons in transition metals. In the non-local picture, we examine consequences of fluxes of deuterons passing through the surfaces of transition metals as associated with the occupation of D+ ion band states and possible nuclear energy release. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAdeuteronfl.pdf | ||
| 823 | Journal Article | Chubb, S. R. | 2000 | Introduction to the Special Issue of Accountability in Research Dealing With 'Cold Fusion' | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Introduction to the Special Issue of Accountability in Research Dealing With 'Cold Fusion' | history | Background During the 14th century, the noted theologian and philosopher William of Ockham identified and applied the 'law of economy,' as a fundamental postulate of logical thought. Subsequently, Galileo and others used this 'law' as justification for the notion of 'scientific parsimony.' This idea, which is also often called 'Ockham's Razor', states that simplicity should be the cornerstone of scientific logic: given a choice between competing theories of a particular phenomenon, the simpler explanation should be selected in preference to the more complicated ones. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRintroducti.pdf | ||||||
| 824 | Report | Chubb, T. A. | 2002 | Laboratory Evidence Demonstrating d-d Cold Fusion in Metals | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Laboratory Evidence Demonstrating d-d Cold Fusion in Metals | d-d fusion | Since the initial announcement of the Fleischmann-Pons effect[1] there has been substantial laboratory progress in establishing the reality of excess heat produced by radiationless d-d nuclear reaction in the deuterium-palladium system.? Selected experimental achievements are listed below. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAlaboratory.pdf | ||||||
| 825 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 2002 | Deuteron Fluxing and the Ion Band State Theory | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China | May 19-25, 2002 | Deuteron Fluxing and the Ion Band State Theory | theory bandstate, ICCF-9 | |||||
| 826 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R., Chubb, T. A. | 2002 | Relationship between microscopic and macroscopic interactions in low energy nuclear reactions: Lessons learned from D + D = 4He | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Relationship between microscopic and macroscopic interactions in low energy nuclear reactions: Lessons learned from D + D = 4He 3990 | ICCF-9, theory | For a long time, Cold Fusion (CF) seemed to be at odds with conventional Physics both experimentally and theoretically.? A key reason for this involved confusion about the possibility that processes involving characteristic length scales of nuclear- and atomic- size dimensions could couple to each other without releasing high momentum particles.? As experiments have improved, this situation has changed.? In the paper, we identify and contrast a number of common themes associated with the manner in which five of the more refined theories have addressed this problem. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRrelationsh.pdf | |||
| 827 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2002 | Modeling the 3He concentration in a Clarke et al. gas sample from an Arata-style cathode | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Modeling the 3He concentration in a Clarke et al. gas sample from an Arata-style cathode 3991 | ICCF-9, Arata, review | The time history of 3He concentrations in gas samples collected and analyzed by Clarke et al. is modeled. A deficiency relative to expected helium suggests loss through microfractures identified by Farkas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAmodelingth.pdf | |||
| 828 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2002 | Production of excited surface states by reactant starved electrolysis | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Production of excited surface states by reactant starved electrolysis 3992 | ICCF-9, theory, fused salt | Starved reactant electrolysis can result in co-deposition of hydrogen and a higher voltage reactant. The hydrogen has the potential to be deposited in an excited state that is delocalized and wavelike. It is suggested that this occurred in the Liaw et al. study. Evidence for cathodic overpotential electrolysis in molten hydroxide electrolyte is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAproduction.pdf | |||
| 829 | Journal Article | Chubb, T. A. | 2002 | Comments on 'Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-style Palladium Cathodes I: A Negative Result' and 'Seaerch for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes II: Evidence for Tritium Production' (Lett. to Ed.) | Fusion Sci. Technol., Vol = 41 | Comments on 'Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-style Palladium Cathodes I: A Negative Result' and 'Seaerch for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes II: Evidence for Tritium Production' (Lett. to Ed.) | discussion critique | ||||||||
| 830 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2003 | Nuts and Bolts of the Ion Band State Theory | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Nuts and Bolts of the Ion Band State Theory | theory | The Nuts and Bolts of our Ion Band State theory of low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) in palladium-deuteride (PdD) and palladium-hydride (PdH) are the electrons that hold together or tear apart the bonds (or lack of bonds) between deuterons (d's) or protons (p's) and the host material.? In PdDx and PdHx, this bonding is strongly correlated with loading.? In ambient loading conditions (x<~0.6), bonding inhibits Ion Band State occupation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRnutsandbol.pdf | |||
| 831 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2003 | Impact of Boundary Effects Involving Broken Gauge Symmetry on LENR's | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Impact of Boundary Effects Involving Broken Gauge Symmetry on LENR's | theory | Surfaces have a huge impact on the physics and chemistry of solids. Changes in surfaces (or other boundaries of a solid), in particular, can be related to changes in the local ('chemical') environment.? In the idealized limit, in which surfaces are defined as 'boundaries' associated with a lack of, or accumulation of charge, dynamical effects at surfaces can be used and are required (by the associated coupling to external electromagnetic fields) to relate seemingly unrelated local and non-local effects.? Thus, counter-intuitive ideas about local and non-local effects can become dominant.? In particular, in PdH or PdD, provided external forces are applied uniformly, it is entirely possible for hydrogen (p) or deuterium (d) nuclei to acquire a common phase (a broken gauge symmetry1) and to 'become wave-like' and interact coherently, through the electromagnetic field, simultaneously, but an-isotropically at the boundaries of a PdD or PdH substrate, or at isolated locations within either substrate.? Also, these effects can create coupling between localized and delocalized forms of interaction.? We use these and related effects as the basis for suggesting new experiments that have bearing on the findings of Iwamura et al, concerning the 'apparent' transmutation of Cs to Pr. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRimpactofbo.pdf | |||
| 832 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2003 | The dd Cold Fusion-Transmutation Connection | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The dd Cold Fusion-Transmutation Connection | theory | LENR theory must explain dd fusion, alpha-addition transmutations, radiationless nuclear reactions, and 3-body nuclear particle reactions.'s Reaction without radiation requires many-body D+Bloch periodicity in both location and internal structure dependencies.? Electron scattering leads to mixed quantum states. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAtheddcoldf.pdf | |||
| 833 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2003 | LENR: Superfluids, Self-Trapping and Non-Self-Trapping States | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | LENR: Superfluids, Self-Trapping and Non-Self-Trapping States | theory | LENR ion band state models involve deuteron many-body systems resembling superfluids.? The physics of atom Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices teaches that superfluid behavior occurs when the potential barriers between adjacent potential wells permit high tunneling rates and the well potentials are shallow. These superfluids have fractional occupation of individual wells. Well periodic symmetry is not affected by the presence of the atoms.? This behavior suggests that deuterons in a lattice should be in non-self-trapping sites, which may indicate that D+Bloch occupies the Pd tetrahedral sites. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAlenrsuperf.pdf | |||
| 834 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2004 | Framework for Understanding LENR Processes, Using Conventional Condensed Matter Physics | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Framework for Understanding LENR Processes, Using Conventional Condensed Matter Physics | theory | Conventional Condensed Matter physics provides a unifying framework for understanding Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) in solids.? In the paper, standard many-body physics techniques are used to illustrate this fact.? Specifically, the paper shows that formally the theories by Schwinger, Hagelstein, and Chubb and Chubb (C&C), all can be related to a common set of equations, associated with reaction rate and energy transfer, through a standard many-body physics procedure (R-Matrix theory).? In each case, particular forms of coherence are used that implicitly provide a mechanism for understanding how LENR can proceed without the emission of high energy particles.? In addition, additional ideas, associated with Conventional Condensed Matter physics, are used to extend the earlier Ion Band State (IBS) model by C&C. The general model clarifies the origin of coherent processes that initiate LENR, through the onset of ion conduction that can occur through ionic fluctuations in nanoscale crystals. In the case of PdDx , these fluctuations begin to occur as x -> 1 in sub-lattice structures with characteristic dimensions of 60 nm.? The resulting LENR's are triggered by the polarization between injected d's and electrons (immediately above the Fermi energy) that takes place in finite-size PdD crystals.? During the prolonged charging of PdDx , the applied, external electric field induces these fluctuations through a form of Zener tunneling that mimics the kind of tunneling, predicted by Zener, that is responsible for possible conduction (referred to as Zener-electric breakdown) in insulators.? But because the fluctuations are ionic, and they occur in PdD, nano-scale structures , a more appropriate characterization is Zener-ionic breakdown in nano-crystalline PdD.? Using the underlying dynamics, it is possible to relate triggering times that are required for the initiation of the effect, to crystal size and externally applied fields. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRframeworkf.pdf | |||||
| 835 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2004 | I. Bloch Ions | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | I. Bloch Ions | theory | A Bloch ion has periodic symmetry and is distributed in space in a lattice array form.? Its spatial density distribution is neutralized within each unit cell by a metal's electrons.? The wave function repeats coherently modulo a Bravais lattice vector.? Paired Bloch deuterons partitioned over a sufficiently large number of unit cells become superposed and coherently mixed by coordinate exchange.? A Hamiltonian describing paired deuterons 2-D+Bloch is presented, and its nuclear self-interaction and coupling with the lattice are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAiblochions.pdf | |||||
| 836 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2004 | II. Inhibited Diffusion Driven Surface Transmutations | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | II. Inhibited Diffusion Driven Surface Transmutations | theory | This paper is the second of a set of 3 papers dealing with the role of coherent? partitioning as a common element in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), by which is meant cold-fusion related processes.? This paper discusses the first step in a sequence of 4 steps that seem to be necessary to explain Iwamura 2-alpha-addition surface transmutations. Three concepts are examined:? salt-metal interface states, sequential tunneling that transitions D+ ions from localized interstitial to Bloch form, and the general applicability of 2-dimensional vs. 3-dimensional symmetry hosting networks.? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAiiinhibite.pdf | |||||
| 837 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2004 | III. Bloch Nuclides, Iwamura Transmutations, and Oriani Showers | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | III. Bloch Nuclides, Iwamura Transmutations, and Oriani Showers | theory | The Iwamura et al. 2-alpha addition transmutations1 and the Oriani-Fisher energetic particle showers2 demand an explanation.? They both depend on the same physics as responsible for cold fusion, namely the coherent partitioning of deuteron charge when the deuteron assumes a Bloch-like form and becomes distributed among a large number Nwell of potential wells.? As a result the work required to bring the 2 'nuclei' into contact is reduced by 1/Nwell.? In cold fusion 2 spin-zero paired deuterons fuse as per 2 D+Bloch --> 4He++Bloch + 23.8 MeV.'s In the Iwamura process 2 4He++Bloch fuse as per 2 4He++Bloch --> 8Be4+Bloch + Enuc, in a Bloch-sensitive reaction where reaction energy Enuc is a function of Nwell. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAiiiblochnu.pdf | |||||
| 838 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2005 | Why Particular Nano-Scale PdD Crystals Turn-on Faster | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Why Particular Nano-Scale PdD Crystals Turn-on Faster | theory | Two persistent questions have been: 1. Why is it often necessary to wait for a finite period of time before the Excess Heat effect is observed after palladium (Pd) has been sufficiently loaded with deuterium (D), that the near full-loading condition (PdDx, 0.85 ~< x→1) that is required for Excess Heat, has been achieved? 2. Is it possible to identify physical properties of the materials and/or crystals that are used that might be playing a role in the interval of time associated with this phenomenon? Recently, I generalized conventional energy band theory to address both questions. The new theory can explain these experimental results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRwhyparticu.pdf | ||||
| 839 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2005 | Context for understanding why particular nano-scale crystals turn-on faster and other LENR effects | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Context for understanding why particular nano-scale crystals turn-on faster and other LENR effects | theory | Two persistent questions have been:? 1. Why is it often necessary to wait for a finite period of time before the Excess Heat effect is observed after palladium (Pd) has been sufficiently loaded with deuterium (D), that the near full-loading condition (PdDx, 0.85 ~< x?1) that is required for Excess Heat, has been achieved? 2. Is it possible to identify physical properties of the materials and/or crystals that are used that might be playing a role in the interval of time associated with this phenomenon? Recently, I generalized conventional energy band theory to address both questions.? The new theory can explain these experimental results but will be ignored by most scientists.? I suggest that this is expected:? The context of energy band and Ion Band State (IBS) theory is very different from the context of hot fusion theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRcontextfor.pdf | ||||
| 840 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2005 | Framework for Understanding LENR Processes, Using Conventional Condensed Matter Physics (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Framework for Understanding LENR Processes, Using Conventional Condensed Matter Physics (PowerPoint slides) | theory | |||||||
| 841 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2005 | Catalytic fusion and the Interface between Insulators and Transition Metals | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Catalytic fusion and the Interface between Insulators and Transition Metals | theory | ||||||
| 842 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2005 | Bloch-Sensitive Nuclides (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Bloch-Sensitive Nuclides (PowerPoint slides) | theory | |||||||
| 843 | Journal Article | Chubb, T. A. | 2005 | Three Types of dd Fusion | Trans. Amer. Nucl. Soc., Vol = 93 | Three Types of dd Fusion | theory | There seem to be 3 different processes by which deuterons can be made to fuse so as to release nuclear energy. The conventional approach is thermonuclear fusion, which uses collisions between energized deuterons to create a transient 4He nucleus that decays by energetic particle emission. Deuteron-deuteron (dd) fusion is modeled by scattering theory. Quantum wave mechanics uses wave functions to describe the colliding particles as plane waves.? The waves are treated as if arriving from infinity, and as going away to infinity after scattering or reaction.? Gamow factors calculating the probability of transmission through the dd Coulomb barrier are used in calculating fusion rates. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAthreetypes.pdf | ||||||
| 844 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2007 | Roles of Approximate Symmetry and Finite Size in the Quantum Electrodynamics of d+d -> 4He in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Roles of Approximate Symmetry and Finite Size in the Quantum Electrodynamics of d+d -> 4He in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | theory | Resonant electromagnetic interaction (EMI) in finite solids not only can be used to explain conventional, electron energy band theory (which explains charge and heat transport in solids), but also how, through finite size effects, it is possible to create many of the kinds of effects envisioned by Giuliano Preparata. Through a generalization of conventional energy band theory, it is also possible to explain how resonant EMI, as a function of time, can cause coherent effects, in which momentum can be transferred from external regions of a lattice to its center-ofmass. As a consequence, virtual processes can cause large changes in momentum between two, indistinguishable particles, without either particle acquiring large momentum or velocity. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=47 | |||||
| 845 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2008 | Resonant Electromagnetic Interaction in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | Resonant Electromagnetic Interaction in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (PowerPoint slides) | theory | I Background about the importance of EMI in d+d -> 4He+gamma | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRresonantel.pdf | |||||
| 846 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, S. R. | 2008 | Resonant Electromagnetic-Dynamics Explains the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Resonant Electromagnetic-Dynamics Explains the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | Theory | |||||||
| 847 | Book Section | Chubb, S. R. | 2008 | Resonant Electromagnetic Interaction in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Resonant Electromagnetic Interaction in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch006 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch006 | ||||||
| 848 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2008 | D2 Fusion in Ionic Solid + Nanometal Composite (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | D2 Fusion in Ionic Solid + Nanometal Composite (PowerPoint slides) | theory | Interfaces between Ionic Solids and Nanometals ? Provides 2-dimension lattice symmetry ? Promotes Bloch deuterium ? Deuterium quasiparticles undergo fusion . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAdfusionini.pdf | |||||
| 849 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2008 | Interface Model of Cold Fusion | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Interface Model of Cold Fusion | theory | The interface theory of cold fusion is a variant of Ion Band State (IBS) Theory. It models Bloch symmetry deuterons in a 2-dimensional metal lattice instead of the 3-dimensional metal lattice first used. Both IBS variants recognize that the required lattice symmetry has limited extent, with the reactive deuterons being bound inside a closed volume like a box. The reactive deuterons are confined within classical turning point boundaries, while within the box their density distributions are modulated by a lattice array potential. Strictly speaking, the IBS fusion theory is a many-body theory. Nuclear dd fusion is one of several LENR processes. Some LENR processes do not require many-body ions and support room temperature nuclear reactions using light ions in single-particle Bloch geometry. For example, the decay of metastable single-body Bloch-function 8Be seems to be the source of MeV alphas in Oriani's light/heavy water electrolysis, and in several co-deposition electrolysis CR39 studies, as described in ICCF14 Abstracts. The Oriani MeV alphas are side products of both light water and heavy water electrolysis, using either Pd or Ni cathodes, as shown in highly repeatable tests. Bloch 8Be is likely the nuclearly reactive component in the final step of the Iwamura et al. transmutation studies. Despite differences, all LENR systems seem to share some essential physics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAinterfacem.pdf | |||||
| 850 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2008 | In Honor of Yoshiaki Arata | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | In Honor of Yoshiaki Arata | review | This paper seeks to make readers aware that Arata and Zhang (A&Z) in 2007/8 demonstrated operation of an autonomous fusion 'heater'. The heater generated a steady outflow flow of heat at slightly above room temperature throughout a run lasting hundreds of hours. The steady nuclear heat occurred after a brief burst of chemical heat during D2 absorption. No other energy input was present. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAinhonorofy.pdf | |||||
| 851 | Book Section | Chubb, S. R. | 2009 | Overcoming the Coulomb Barrier and Related Effects Through Resonant Electrodynamics and Quantum Mechanics in the Fleischmann-Pons Excess Heat Effect | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Overcoming the Coulomb Barrier and Related Effects Through Resonant Electrodynamics and Quantum Mechanics in the Fleischmann-Pons Excess Heat Effect | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch010 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch010 | ||||||
| 852 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 2009 | Usefulness of Quasiparticle Ion Band States in Modeling LENR Processes (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Usefulness of Quasiparticle Ion Band States in Modeling LENR Processes (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Considerable confusion occurred from a speculative conjecture that we suggested in 1989, concerning the potential role of conventional energy band theory in the 'cold fusion' claims suggested by Fleischmann and Pons. Two important reasons for this are related to: 1. Misconceptions about what was taking place in the experiments, and 2. Limitations of conventional energy band theory. In particular, we proposed the idea that deuterium nuclei (deuterons) could occupy energy band states (ion band states)--analogous to the kinds of energy band states that electrons occupy in ordered solids--with the possibility of nuclear fusion. But conventional energy band theory has limitations, associated with the underlying quantum mechanics. In particular, band theory involves single-particle quasi-particle wave functions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAusefulness.pdf | ||||
| 853 | Conference Proceedings | Chubb, T. A. | 2009 | Usefulness of Quasi-Particle Ion Band States in Modeling LENR Processes | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Usefulness of Quasi-Particle Ion Band States in Modeling LENR Processes | The density of atoms with 3 or more electrons is determined by Pauli exclusion. Conduction electrons in a metal and reactant deuterium atoms are in Bloch function form, in which corresponding positions in a lattice are equivalent. 2-dimensional symmetry D-atoms are thin, flat, and have reduced Coulomb repulsion between pairs. Fusion takes place inside an interface between an ionic crystal and an epitaxy metal layer. 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional systems are different. Both are real, benefit from shock stimulation, and are Bloch systems; but they require different environments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=136 | |||||
| 854 | Journal Article | Chubb, T. A., Chubb, S. R. | 2009 | Overcoming the Coulomb Barrier in Cold Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | Overcoming the Coulomb Barrier in Cold Fusion theory | theory | Schwinger pointed out that under some circumstances the Coulomb barrier between paired charged particles is replaced by a correlation factor in a two-body wave function. This paper shows how having two deuterons bound within a common volume having a multiplicity of potential wells can lead to an energy-minimized Schwinger form of wave equation with wave function overlap. Relevance to a situation in which a small number of deuterium atoms is forced into a fully loaded palladium deuteride (PdD) host is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbTAovercoming.pdf | ||||||
| 855 | Journal Article | Chubb, S. R. | 2011 | The Rossi 10 kW Reactor | Infinite Energy | The Rossi 10 kW Reactor | Excess heat | Andrea Rossi and Sergio Focardi held a public demonstration on January 14, 2011 of Rossi's ECat (energy catalyzer) boiler, a nickel-hydrogen fusion reactor, at the University of Bologna (Italy). A group of about 50 scientists from the university and the Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN, the Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics) were on hand to examine the device. The experiment was organized by Dr. Giuseppe Levi and other faculty at the University of Bologna/INFN. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRtherossikw.pdf | ||||||
| 856 | Journal Article | Chubb, S. R. | 2011 | O Reator Rossi de 10kW | Infinite Energy | O Reator Rossi de 10kW | Excess heat | Andrea Rossi e Sergio Focardi realizaram uma demonstra?o publica em 14 de Janeiro de 2011 do ECat (catalisador de energia) aquecedor de ?ua Rossi, um reator n?uel-hidrog?io a fus?, na Universidade de Bolonha (It?ia). Um groupo de cerca de 50 scientistas da? universidade e do Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN, o Instituto de F?ica Nuclear Italiano) onde se examinou o dispositivo. O experimento foi organizado pelo Dr. Giuseppe Levi e outros docentes da Universidaede de Bolonha/INFN. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRoreatorros.pdf | ||||||
| 857 | Journal Article | Chubb, S. R. | 2011 | Conventional physics can explain cold fusion excess heat | Physics Procedia | Conventional physics can explain cold fusion excess heat | Cold Fusion; Ion Band States; Nuclear Fusion in Solids; Energy Band States | solid, a firestorm of controversy erupted. Beginning in 1991, the Office of Naval Research began a decade-long study of the FP excess heat effect. This effort documented the fact that the excess heat that FP observed is the result of a form of nuclear fusion that can occur in solids at reduced temperature, dynamically, through a deuteron (d)+d 4He reaction, without high-energy particles or gamma rays. A key reason this fact has not been accepted is the lack of a cogent argument, based on fundamental physical ideas, justifying it. In the paper, this question is re-examined, based on a generalization of conventional energy band theory that applies to finite, periodic solids, in which d's are allowed to occupy wave-like, ion band states, similar to the kinds of states that electrons occupy in ordinary metals. Prior to being experimentally observed, the Ion Band State Theory (IBST) of cold fusion predicted a potential d+d => 4He reaction, without high energy particles, would explain the excess heat, the 4He would be found in an unexpected place (outside heat-producing electrodes), and high-loading, x 1, in PdDx, would be required. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ChubbSRconvention.pdf | ||||||
| 858 | Journal Article | Chubb, S. R. | 2011 | Concerning the Role of Electromagnetism in Low-energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Concerning the Role of Electromagnetism in Low-energy Nuclear Reactions | Cold fusion, Energy band states, Ion band states, Quantum electrodynamics | Considerable confusion has resulted in the 'debate' (and lack of 'debate') about whether or not Low-Energy Reactions (LENR) can take place. A key reason for this has involved the lack of a cogent argument, based on fundamental physical ideas, involving electromagnetism. In this paper, I re-examine this question. In fact, a cogent argument does exist, based on resonant electrodynamics, and its more general formulation, involving quantum electrodynamics. Lessons learned from this and their relevance are key to understanding the most salient effects, including the Infra-Red (IR) results from the SPAWAR experiments, and Mitchell Swartz's experiments. The associated arguments suggest that magnetic effects that have only been indirectly applied may be used to trigger LENR in particular situations. A new experiment, based on this line of reasoning, is suggested. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=221 | ||||||
| 859 | Conference Proceedings | Chukanov, K. B. | 1993 | New Pulsed Gas Loading Cold Fusion Technology | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 36 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | New Pulsed Gas Loading Cold Fusion Technology | theory, SmCo5, heat, gas, H2, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 860 | Report | Chulick, G. S., Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A. | 1989 | Low Energy D-D Fusion Experimental Cross-Sections | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 36 | Low Energy D-D Fusion Experimental Cross-Sections | D2, fusion, Cross Section theory | ||||||||
| 861 | Report | Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M. | 1990 | Comment on 'Cluster-Impact Fusion by P. M. Echenique et al | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 36 | Comment on 'Cluster-Impact Fusion by P. M. Echenique et al | theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 862 | Conference Proceedings | Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | The Effect of Electron Screening and Velocity Distribution on Proton-Deuterium Fusion Rates in Jupiter | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | The Effect of Electron Screening and Velocity Distribution on Proton-Deuterium Fusion Rates in Jupiter | theory | ||||
| 863 | Conference Proceedings | Ciarlariello, T. W. | 2019 | Muon Catalyzed Fusion: From Prior Art to Future Space Planes | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Muon Catalyzed Fusion: From Prior Art to Future Space Planes | Muon catalyzed fusion is needed for space planes of upward angular acceleration into orbit since a brute force mentality of vertical flight guzzles fuel. In Russia Andrei Sakharov is credited in 1947 with muon catalyzed fusion soon after Soviet Communists pillaged Jun Shitagau Noguchi's Nitchitsu or Nihon Chisso factories in Eastern Part of North Korea called Hamgyong Province and in ihe United States a decade later Luis Alvarez is credited with muon catalyzed fusion just after United States military had returned from visiting ruins of Noguchi's Nitchitsu industries. Overwhelming evidence exists how Jun Shitagau Noguchi and his aid Kim Songsu both of Hamgyong Province or Kankyo Province in Japanese during the early 1940s of WWII were working on rocket plane engine of a cryogenic Dewar fuel tank of cryogenic liquefied deuterium connected to a beryllium alloy reaction chamber tubing nozzle coiled in and around a direct current powered electromagnet lense cosmic ray telescope. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Ciarlarielmuoncataly.pdf | ||||||
| 864 | Report | Cirillo, D., Iorio, V. | 2004 | Transmutation of metal to low energy in confined plasma in the water electrochemical plasma cell | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Transmutation of metal to low energy in confined plasma in the water electrochemical plasma cell | Glow diacharge, transmutation | Abstract: Energetic emissions have been observed from an electrolytic cell when tungsten electrodes are used to generate a confined plasma close to the cathode immersed an alkaline solution. In addition, energy generation has been observed, always close to the cathode, along with the appearance of new chemical elements in the experimental apparatus. These elements were not present in the cell before the experiment. This observation is proof of nuclear transmutations occurring within the cell. The results of this research and a theoretical model of the phenomenon were shown for the first time on April 18, 2004 during the second Grottammare (Ap) ONNE meeting in Italy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CirilloDtransmutat.pdf | ||||||
| 865 | Conference Proceedings | Cirillo, D., Iorio, V. | 2004 | Transmutation of metal at low energy in a confined plasma in water | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Transmutation of metal at low energy in a confined plasma in water | plasma electrolysis, glow discharge | |||||||
| 866 | Journal Article | Cisbani, E., Urciuoli, G. M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Guiliani, F., Gozzi, D., Gricia, M, Iodice, M., Lucentini, M., Santavenere, F. | 2001 | Neutron Detector for CF Experiments | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 459 | Neutron Detector for CF Experiments | neutron, method | Abstract This paper describes a neutron detector designed by INFN-Sanita` group of Rome. The detector fulfills all the requirements of cold fusion experiments and, on the other hand, can operate in several kind of experiments involving neutron detection, even when significant, variable and not taggable background is present. As a matter of fact, it is suitable to detect every source emitting multi-MeV neutrons, correlated or not correlated, in burst or constant rate, isotropic or directional. It is a low-noise detector. The detector was used in cold fusion experiments demonstrating, with high sensibility, the absence of neutron emission in these phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CisbaniEneutrondet.pdf | ||||||
| 867 | Journal Article | Clark, R. W. | 1991 | What ever happened to cold fusion? | J. Chem. Ed., Vol = 68 | What ever happened to cold fusion? | review | ||||||||
| 868 | Journal Article | Clarke, W. B., Jenkins, W. J., Top, Z. | 1976 | Determination of Tritium by Mass Spectrometric Measurement of 3He | Int. J. Appl. Radia. Isot., Vol = 27 | Determination of Tritium by Mass Spectrometric Measurement of 3He | tritium, Helium, method | ||||||||
| 869 | Journal Article | Clarke, B. W., Clarke, R. M. | 1992 | Search for (3)H, (3)He, and (4)He in D2-loaded titanium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Search for (3)H, (3)He, and (4)He in D2-loaded titanium | Ti, helium tritium, D2 | ||||||||
| 870 | Unpublished Work | Clarke, A. C. | 1998 | Transcript of interview for 'Cold Fusion, Fire from Water' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Transcript of interview for 'Cold Fusion, Fire from Water' | History | Transcript of the interview shown in the video 'Cold Fusion, Fire from Water' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClarkeACtranscript.pdf | ||||||
| 871 | Journal Article | Clarke, A. C. | 1998 | 2001: The Coming Age of Hydrogen Power | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 22, Page = 15 | 2001: The Coming Age of Hydrogen Power | Review | Four years ago, two scientists named Pons and Fleischmann claimed to have achieved 'cold fusion' at room temperature in certain metals saturated with deuterium, the heavy isotope of hydrogen. Under these conditions, they reported that they were getting out more energy than they put into the system. This, of course, created a worldwide sensation, and many laboratories tried to repeat the experiments. They all failed, and Pons and Fleischmann were laughed out of court. That was the last anyone heard of them for a couple of years. But meanwhile, there had been an underground movement of scientists who believed that there might be something in all this business, and started experiments of their own - often in defiance of their employers. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClarkeACthecominga.pdf | ||||||
| 872 | Journal Article | Clarke, B. W., Oliver, B. M., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Tripodi, P. | 2001 | Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes II: Evidence for Tritium Production | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 40 | Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes II: Evidence for Tritium Production | Helium, tritium Arata | ||||||||
| 873 | Journal Article | Clarke, W. B. | 2001 | Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes I: A Negative Result | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 40 | Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes I: A Negative Result | Helium Pd, Arata | ||||||||
| 874 | Journal Article | Clarke, W. B. | 2002 | Response to 'Comments on 'Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes I: A Negative Result'' (lett. to Ed.) | Fusion Sci. Technol., Vol = 41 | Response to 'Comments on 'Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes I: A Negative Result'' (lett. to Ed.) | discussion, critique | ||||||||
| 875 | Journal Article | Clarke, W. B., Oliver, B. M. | 2002 | Response to comments on 'Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes II: Evidence for Tritium Production'' (Lett. to Ed;) | Fusion Sci. Technol., Vol = 41 | Response to comments on 'Search for 3He and 4He in Arata-Style Palladium Cathodes II: Evidence for Tritium Production'' (Lett. to Ed;) | critique discussion | ||||||||
| 876 | Report | Clarke, T. | 2015 | Comment on the report 'Observation of abundant heat production from a reactor device and of isotopic changes in the fuel' by Levi et al | Fusion Sci. Technol., Vol = 41 | Imperial College London | Comment on the report 'Observation of abundant heat production from a reactor device and of isotopic changes in the fuel' by Levi et al | Review, excess heat | In a recent report titled ?bservation of abundant heat production from a reactor device and of isotopic changes in the fuel? and published by Bologna University, G. Levi and co-workers put forth several claims concerning the performance of the so-called E-Cat of inventor Andrea Rossi. High and sustained levels of anomalous heat production are reported in extended tests of a reactor device. These results are based on a calculated temperature of 1400C from infrared camera thermography measurements that assumes gray-body radiation from an alumina surface. We show that when the varying spectral emissivity of alumina is taken into account the calculated temperature is much lower, and estimated power out matches power in to within the experimental error, so resolving this anomaly. Claimed isotopic shift results in the same report derive from material handled by the inventor, and therefore are not independent. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClarkeTcommentont.pdf | |||||
| 877 | Conference Proceedings | Claytor, T. N., Seeger, P., Rohwer, R. K., Tuggle, D. G., Doty, W. R. | 1989 | Tritium and neutron measurements of a solid state cell | NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Materials | Washington, DC | Oct. 16-18, 1989 | Tritium and neutron measurements of a solid state cell | tritium, neutron, Pd-Si, method, gas discharge | ||||||
| 878 | Journal Article | Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Seeger, P., Menlove, H. O., Rohwer, R. K., Doty, W. R. | 1990 | Solid State Fusion Update | NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Materials | Solid State Fusion Update | neutron, tritium, Pd, gas Discharge | ||||||||
| 879 | Conference Proceedings | Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Menlove, H. O., Seeger, P., Doty, W. R., Rohwer, R. K. | 1990 | Tritium and Neutron Measurements From Deuterated Pd-Si | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 467 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Tritium and Neutron Measurements From Deuterated Pd-Si | Pd, D, gas Discharge, neutron, tritium | ||||
| 880 | Conference Proceedings | Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Menlove, H. O. | 1991 | Tritium Generation and Neutron Measurements in Pd-Si Under High Deuterium Gas Pressure | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 395 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Ita | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Tritium Generation and Neutron Measurements in Pd-Si Under High Deuterium Gas Pressure | tritium, neutron, Pd-Si, method, gas discharge, ICCF-2 | INTRODUCTION This paper summarizes some of the methods applicable for low level tritium detection needed in the search for anomalous fusion in metal hydrides. It is also intended to further detail our tritium and neutron results that have been obtained with the Pd-Si-D system, originally presented at earlier workshops. A measure of reproducibility that was not evident in our previous work has been achieved partially due to the better detection sensitivity afforded by the use of low tritium deuterium and partially from the fact that the foil-wafer cells can be made with nearly identical electrical characteristics. This reproducibility has allowed us to narrow the optimum conditions for the experiment. While this experiment is rather different from the 'standard' electrolytic cell or the Ti gas hydride experiment, similarities exist in that non equilibrium conditions are sought and the tritium generation levels are low and neutron emission is extremely weak. In contrast to many electrochemical cell experiments, the system used in these experiments is completely sealed during operation and uses no electrolyte. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClaytorTNtritiumgen.pdf | ||
| 881 | Conference Proceedings | Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Taylor, S. F. | 1992 | Evolution of Tritium from Deuterided Palladium Subject to High Electrical Currents | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 217 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Evolution of Tritium from Deuterided Palladium Subject to High Electrical Currents | Pd, tritium, D2, gas discharge, ICCF-3 | An increase in the tritium level was detected in deuterium when various configurations of palladium foil or powder and silicon wafers or powder were subject to a high pulsed current. The deuterium, and over one atmosphere pressure, was circulated in a sealed loop containing the cell and an ionization chamber to measure the tritium increase as a function of time. After 4800 hours of data, spanning 10 cells (including deuterium and hydrogen controls), were collected with this system. Average tritium production has varied from 0.02 to 0.2 nCi/h. Due to experimental constraints we have not been able to measure neutron output with these cells while simultaneously measuring the tritium increase. The question of tritium contamination in the palladium has been primarily resolved by the development of techniques that allow the palladium powder or foil to be reused. Various methods for increasing the tritium production, such as, increased current density, surface modifiers, and higher deuterium loading, will be discussed. Tritium was made in sealed cells using low-voltage gas discharge and in Pd during deloading. Rates range from 0.02-0.2 nCi/h. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=220 | ||
| 882 | Journal Article | Claytor, T. N. | 1996 | Tritium Production from a Low Voltage Deuterium Discharge of Palladium and Other Metals | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 118 | Tritium Production from a Low Voltage Deuterium Discharge of Palladium and Other Metals | gas discharge, tritium, D2, Pd | Over the past year we have been able to demonstrate that a plasma loading method produces an exciting and unexpected amount of tritium from small palladium wires. In contrast to electrochemical hydrogen or deuterium loading of palladium, this method yields a reproducible tritium generation rate when various electrical and physical conditions are met. Small diameter wires (100 - 250 microns) have been used with gas pressures above 200 torr at voltages and currents of about 2000 V at 3-5 A. By carefully controlling the sputtering rate of the wire, runs have been extended to hundreds of hours allowing a significant amount (>10?? nCi) of tritium to accumulate. We will show tritium generation rates for deuterium-palladium foreground runs that are up to 25 times larger than hydrogen-palladium control experiments using materials from the same batch. We will illustrate the difference between batches of annealed palladium and as received palladium from several batches as well as the effect of other metals (Pt, Ni, Nb, Zr, V, W, Hf) to demonstrate that the tritium generation rate can vary greatly from batch to batch. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClaytorTNtritiumpro.pdf | ||||||
| 883 | Journal Article | Claytor, T. N., Jackson, D. D., Tuggle, D. G. | 1996 | Tritium production from low voltage deuterium discharge on palladium and other metals | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 7, Page = 19 | Tritium production from low voltage deuterium discharge on palladium and other metals | tritium, Pd, gas discharge, D2 | ||||||||
| 884 | Conference Proceedings | Claytor, T. N., Schwab, M. J., Thoma, D. J., Teter, D. F., Tuggle, D. G. | 1998 | Tritium Production from Palladium Alloys | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 88 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Tritium Production from Palladium Alloys | tritium, gas, D2, Pd, gas discharge, ICCF-7 | ABSTRACT A number of palladium alloys have been loaded with deuterium or hydrogen under low energy plasma bombardment in a system that allows the continuous measurement of tritium. Long run times (up to 200 h) result in an integration of the tritium and this, coupled with the high intrinsic sensitivity of the system (~ 0.1nCi/l), enables the significance of the tritium measurement to be many sigma (>10). We will show the difference in tritium generation rates between batches of palladium alloys (Rh, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Be, B, Li, Hf, Hg and Fe) of various concentrations to illustrate that tritium generation rate is dependent on alloy type as well as within a specific alloy, dependent on concentration. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClaytorTNtritiumprob.pdf | ||
| 885 | Conference Proceedings | Claytor, T. N., Fowler, M., Tuggle, D. G., Cantwell, R., McConnell, M. | 2012 | Search for Excess Heat and Tritium in Nickel Alloys Exposed to Pulsed H/D Plasmas (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Search for Excess Heat and Tritium in Nickel Alloys Exposed to Pulsed H/D Plasmas (PowerPoint slides) | Nickel, tritium | Conclusions Ni Alloy is reproducible, (this is a big deal!) Tritium can be several sigma over background Effect can be obtained in 1-2 days Excess heat is small but not inconsistent with Helium data If X-ray effect can be increased then might serve as a 'CB' demo Parameter space, effects of pressure, electrical driving conditions, temperature, etc. have only been partially explored. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ClaytorTNsearchfore.pdf | |||||
| 886 | Journal Article | Claytor, T. N., Stringham, R., Fowler, M. | 2019 | Cavitation Effects on Various Metals in D2O | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Cavitation Effects on Various Metals in D2O | Bubble collapse, Cavitation, Cavitation damage, LENR, Particulate generation, Ultrasound | Cavitation at high frequency in close proximity to metal surfaces was investigated in D2O. A new miniaturized cavitation system was operated at 1.7 MHz and was small enough to fit into a sensitive Seebeck calorimeter. The 1.7 MHz reactor was designed to hold 20 g of D2O or H2O. The cells were operated in a pulsed mode for 1 or 2 min and then allowed to cool in the calorimeter. Target foils were placed in close proximity to the transducer and different foils show a maximum of about 13% change in measured excess heat output. Tritium measurements were made on the resulting liquid and showed a small initial increase. However, longer runs did not show a linear increase in tritium as the cavitation times were increased. No detectable signals were measured on a pancake gamma detector placed below the cavitation cells. Many different target foils (TF) (7 x 19 x 0.1 mm) were run in the system. A few showed some interesting surface features. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=84 | ||||||
| 887 | Journal Article | Close, F. | 1991 | Cold Fusion I: The Discovery That Never Was | New Scientist, Vol = 1752 | Cold Fusion I: The Discovery That Never Was | critique, history | ||||||||
| 888 | Book | Close, F. | 1992 | Too Hot to Handle. The Race for Cold Fusion | New Scientist, Vol = 1752 | Penguin, paperback | New York | Too Hot to Handle. The Race for Cold Fusion | history, book | 0-14-015926-6 | |||||
| 889 | Journal Article | Cohen, J. S., Davies, J. D. | 1989 | The cold fusion family | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | The cold fusion family | theory, muon | ||||||||
| 890 | Journal Article | Cohen, J. S., Davies, J. D. | 1989 | Is cold fusion hot? | Nature (London), Vol = 342 | Is cold fusion hot? | review, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 891 | Conference Proceedings | Cola, M., Del Gindice, E., De Ninno, A., Preparata, G. | 2000 | A Simple Model of the 'Coehn-Aharonov' Effect in a Peculiar Electrolytic Configuration | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 349 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | A Simple Model of the 'Coehn-Aharonov' Effect in a Peculiar Electrolytic Configuration | theory, gamma phase ICCF-8 Coehn | ||||
| 892 | Journal Article | Collins, G. S., Walker, J. S., Norbury, J. W. | 1990 | Deuteron tunnelling at electron-volt energies | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 409 | Deuteron tunnelling at electron-volt energies | Theory, tunnelling | ||||||||
| 893 | Journal Article | Collins, G. S., McGhee, G., Shropshire, S. L., Jang, H. J., Fan, J., Schuhmann, R. B. | 1990 | Electrolytic loading of hydrogen in metals studied by PAC | Hyperfine Interactions, Vol = 60 | Electrolytic loading of hydrogen in metals studied by PAC | PtH, NiH, electrolysis, loading, structure | ||||||||
| 894 | Journal Article | Collis, W. J. M. F. | 1994 | Oklo Isotope Anomalies and Cold Fusion | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 525 | Oklo Isotope Anomalies and Cold Fusion | Oklo | ||||||||
| 895 | Conference Proceedings | Collis, W. J. M. F. | 1995 | Nuclear Reactions of Cold Fusion-A Systematic Study | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 627 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Nuclear Reactions of Cold Fusion-A Systematic Study | Nuclear Reaction, theory, energy, ICCF-5 | A computer is used make an exhaustive search for simple nuclear reactions between naturally occurring isotopes with a view to identifying possible primary cold fusion reactions and materials which might support theoretical models. We discuss the difficulties in producing neutrons and tritium in light water expe rime nts. Lists of possible nuclear reactions are given based on a computer search. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=434 | ||
| 896 | Conference Proceedings | Collis, W. J. M. F. | 1998 | ENSAP Software Tool to Analyse Nuclear Reactions | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 94 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | ENSAP Software Tool to Analyse Nuclear Reactions | theory, transmutation, energy, nuclear reaction, ICCF-7 | Over the last few years some progress has been made in demonstrating reproducible heat production in so called Cold Fusion experiments . This has not been matched by theoretical understanding as to the mechanism of heat production. It is important to establish which nuclear reactions, if any, are the source of excess heat before speculating on reaction mechanisms . Unfortunately experiment has not clearly demonstrated the consumption of any nuclear fuel nor production of nuclear ash. So any analysis must be able to cope with incomplete data . A computer is an ideal tool to cope with this problem. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=94 | ||
| 897 | Conference Proceedings | Collis, W. J. M. F. | 2018 | The Organizer's personal perspective | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | The Organizer's personal perspective | Almost unexpectedly, the success of the 8th International Workshop has required the printing and publishing of Proceedings. Such Proceedings had always been planned in electronic form (and in colour). So it was mainly a question of cash as to if and how any printed publication would take form. The Workshop made a modest profit which would disappear when printing costs were taken into account. I'm glad to say ISCMNS stepped in with the necessary financial support. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 898 | Journal Article | Collis, W. J. M. F. | 2018 | Preface | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | Preface | The 12th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen Loaded Metals was held at the Hotel Langhe e Monferrato, Costigliole d'Asti in Italy, June 2017. This is a four-star hotel with 55 rooms which overflowed with some 72 participants and guests. The choice of province of Asti continued the tradition of the original Asti Workshops organized by Fiat in 1993 and 1995. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=5 | |||||||
| 899 | Journal Article | Conte, E. | 1995 | A generalization of Schroedinger's equation using biquaternions: the possibility of fusion for particles | Phys. Essays, Vol = 8 | A generalization of Schroedinger's equation using biquaternions: the possibility of fusion for particles | Theory, biquaternion, quantum mechanics | ||||||||
| 900 | Journal Article | Conte, E. | 1999 | Theoretical indications of the possibility of nuclear reactions at low energy | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 24, Page = 49 | Theoretical indications of the possibility of nuclear reactions at low energy | Theory neutron formation | ||||||||
| 901 | Journal Article | Conway, B. E., Currie, J. C. | 1978 | Significance of effects of pressure on electrode reactions.Part III.Equilibrium processes at reference electrodes and the volume of H in Pd | Canadian J. Chem., Vol = 56 | Significance of effects of pressure on electrode reactions.Part III.Equilibrium processes at reference electrodes and the volume of H in Pd | Pd, H, overvoltage, molar volume | ||||||||
| 902 | Journal Article | Conway, B. E., Wojtowicz, J. | 1992 | Time-scales of electrochemical desorption and sorption of H in relation to dimensions and geometeies of host metal hydride electrodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 326 | Time-scales of electrochemical desorption and sorption of H in relation to dimensions and geometeies of host metal hydride electrodes | loading, Pd, diffusion | ||||||||
| 903 | Conference Proceedings | Cook, N. | 2008 | Toward an Explanation of Transmutation Products on Palladium Cathodes | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Toward an Explanation of Transmutation Products on Palladium Cathodes | transmutation, theory | |||||||
| 904 | Conference Proceedings | Cook, N., Dallacasa, V. | 2009 | The FCC Structure of the Nucleus and the Magnetic Interaction among Nucleons (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | The FCC Structure of the Nucleus and the Magnetic Interaction among Nucleons (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | The strongest objection to 'cold fusion' research since 1989 has been the assertion by nuclear theorists that low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) 'violate everything known about nuclear physics.' We argue to the contrary that LENR are consistent with quantum mechanics (QM), and 'violate' only various questionable assumptions of the 30+ established models of nuclear structure theory. In fact, these 'models' are known to be mutually-contradictory (a liquid nuclear interior in the liquid-drop model [LDM], a gaseous-phase in the shell model; local cluster formations in the alpha-particle model, no local interactions in the Fermi-gas model; a short-range nuclear force in the LDM, a long-range 'effective' force in the shell model; etc.) and clearly indicate that nuclear theory itself is unfinished business. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CookNthefccstru.pdf | ||||
| 905 | Conference Proceedings | Cook, N., Dallacasa, V. | 2009 | The FCC Substructure of the Nucleus and the Magnetic Interaction among Nucleons | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | The FCC Substructure of the Nucleus and the Magnetic Interaction among Nucleons | The FCC lattice model of nuclear structure unifies the liquid-phase, gaseous-phase and cluster models within a self-consistent theoretical framework. By discarding the completely fictitious longrange ?ffective? nuclear force employed by the shell model and yet maintaining the nucleon build-up procedure in the independent-particle model, the FCC model retains the principal strengths of both the liquid-drop and the shell models. In place of the effective nuclear force, we employ the short-range magnetic attraction between suitably aligned nucleons to obtain nuclear binding. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=185 | |||||
| 906 | Conference Proceedings | Cook, N., Dallacasa, V. | 2009 | Simulation of Palladium Transmutation Products | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Simulation of Palladium Transmutation Products | The build-up procedure for the Palladium isotopes is known from the independent-particle model and implies specific 3D structures for these isotopes in the nuclear lattice model [1]. Using those lattice structures, the favorable modes of fission have been simulated and the fission fragments compared with the transmutation products, as reported by Mizuno [2]. It is shown that (i) the changes in relative abundance of the Pd isotopes, and (ii) the main transmutation products in Mizuno-style LENR studies are consistent with the idea that the bulk of the energy released in such experiments is due to the fission of Palladium isotopes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=191 | |||||
| 907 | Book | Cook, N. | 2010 | Models of the Atomic Nucleus, Unification Through a Lattice of Nucleons | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Springer | Models of the Atomic Nucleus, Unification Through a Lattice of Nucleons | Theory | Models of the Atomic Nucleus (2nd Edition, Springer, 2010) is an attempt to unify the diverse and mutually-contradictory models of traditional nuclear structure theory within the framework of a lattice of nucleons. At the level of nuclear 'modeling', the lattice is rather successful at reproducing the major features of the historical models. To wit, the binding energies and nuclear radii predictions of the liquid-drop model [LDM] are reproduced in a close-packed lattice because the lattice is dominated by near-neighbor, two-body, nucleon-nucleon interactions, as in the LDM. The alpha particle substructure of nuclei, as postulated in the cluster models, is reproduced in a nucleon lattice with spin- and isospin-layering because a close-packed lattice inherently contains He4-like, tetrahedral nucleon clusters. Most importantly, the shells, subshells and 'magic' numbers of the independent-particle model [IPM] are reproduced in the lattice on a purely geometrical basis ? a direct consequence of nucleon build-up from a central tetrahedron. That fact was noted (and illustrated in Physical Review!) by Eugene Wigner in 1937 who later won the Nobel Prize in Physics explicitly for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus [...], particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles?. It is noteworthy that the exact same lattice described by Wigner achieves unification of the modern-day nuclear models using a realistic, short-range, nuclear potential ? and not the purely-theoretical, quark-based fiction of a long-range, nuclear ??ean field.? Models of the Atomic Nucleus goes beyond the traditional concerns of nuclear modeling in addressing the still-unexplained topics of the fragment asymmetry in fission, the millisecond instability of the so-called super-heavy nuclei, and the remarkable findings of transmutation of elements in low-energy nuclear reaction [LENR] studies. The book clearly illustrates the fact that, for resolution of any of these and other long-standing controversies in theoretical nuclear physics, it will be necessary to return to the many loose-ends and inconclusive qualitative arguments that have dominated nuclear structure theory since the 1930s. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CookNmodelsofth.pdf | |||||
| 908 | Journal Article | Cook, N., Dallacasa, V. | 2014 | LENR and Nuclear Structure Theory | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 68-79 LENR and Nuclear Structure Theory | Theory | The significance of LENR research for understanding nuclear structure is discussed. In contrast to atomic-level Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), nuclear theory has remained a collection of mutually-exclusive 'models' lacking a rigorous foundation. I argue that LENR indicates the way forward to a quantitative theory of nuclear structure, Quantum Nucleodynamics (QND). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=78 | ||||||
| 909 | Journal Article | Cook, N. | 2017 | LENR Theory Requires a Proper Understanding of Nuclear Structure | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | LENR Theory Requires a Proper Understanding of Nuclear Structure | Lattice simulations, Low-energy nuclear reactions, Nuclear structure theory, Realistic nuclear potentials | Deciphering the many puzzles of low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) will require not only knowledge of the electromagnetic and chemical environment of the nuclear species that are susceptible to low-energy excitation, but also a detailed understanding of the many-body problem of the atomic nucleus itself. Today most LENR research focuses on the former issues, while nuclear structure theory remains the same conundrum that it has been for 80 years. The essence of the problem is that there has been no self-consistent spatiotemporal description of nuclear structure ? and, as a consequence, no reliable framework within which to address the oldest and most outstanding problem in nuclear physics: the nuclear force. The unanswered question in traditional nuclear physics ? and the new challenge in LENR ? is how to reconcile the short-range nuclear force known from nucleon scattering experiments with the wealth of empirical data on nuclear structure. Despite problems due to the early rejection of spatiotemporal explanations in nuclear physics, 21st century computational power has opened the door to realistic 'molecular dynamics'-style simulations of nuclear structure. Some implications both for LENR and for nuclear physics are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=72 | ||||||
| 910 | Report | Corey, J. | 2005 | Trip Report: ICCF11 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Sandia National Laboratories | Trip Report: ICCF11 | Review | Introduction On March 23, 1989, at the University of Utah, Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons announced that they had caused fusion reactions between deuterium nuclei to occur at room temperature, creating a potentially endless and benign source of energy for the world. Of course, this flew in the face of conventional physics, and scientists all over the world hurried to reproduce the effect. The major institutes in the US were unable to do so, and a US Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Research Advisory Panel (ERAB) declared that the effect was not real and that government funding for further research would essentially constitute waste, fraud, and abuse. Thus died the hope of cheap, endless energy through 'cold fusion,' at least as far as the regular scientific community was concerned. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CoreyJtripreport.pdf | |||||
| 911 | Journal Article | Corrigan, D. A., Schneider, E. W. | 1990 | Tritium separation effects during heavy water electrolysis: implications for reported observations of cold fusion | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 281 | Tritium separation effects during heavy water electrolysis: implications for reported observations of cold fusion | isotope separation, tritium, review, electrolysis, separation factor, T/D | ||||||||
| 912 | Journal Article | Corrigan, D. A., Schwemmin, B. K., Schneider, E. W. | 1991 | Radiochemical measurements of tritium during heavy water electrolysis at palladium cathodes in closed cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 312 | Radiochemical measurements of tritium during heavy water electrolysis at palladium cathodes in closed cells | tritium, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, negative | ||||||||
| 913 | Journal Article | Cottingham, W. N., Greenwood, D. A. | 1989 | The fusion rate of a confined deuteron pair | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., Vol = 15 | The fusion rate of a confined deuteron pair | Theory, distance | ||||||||
| 914 | Conference Proceedings | Coupland, D. R., Doyle, M. L., Jenkins, J. W., Notton, J. H. F., Potter, R. J., Thompson, D. T. | 1990 | Some Observations Related to the Presence of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 299 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Some Observations Related to the Presence of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium | Pd, analysis, surface, loading, overvoltage, ICCF-1 | Surface and bulk analytical work carried out on Pd rod samples returned to JM by Fleischmann and Pons indicate that a number of elements, including Pt and Li were deposited on the surface during electrolysis in D2O. One electrolysed rod exhibited recovery of part of the wrought microstructure which would ordinarily require a temperature of > ca. 200?, and another rod showed recrystallisation of a portion of its length and this would normally require a temperature of > ca. 300?. These effects cannot be readily explained by known processing history and could not be reproduced by filing or sawing. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=318 | ||
| 915 | Conference Proceedings | Coupland, D. R., Doyle, M. L., Jenkins, J. W., Notton, J. H. F., Potter, R. J., Thompson, D. T. | 1992 | Some Observations Related to the Presence of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 275 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Some Observations Related to the Presence of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium | Pd, surface analysis, loading, ICCF-3, NaOH, electrolysis | Surface and bulk analytical work carried out on palladium rod samples returned to Johnson Matthey by Fleischmann and Pons indicates that a number of elements, including platinum and lithium were deposited on the surface during electrolysis in D2O. Surface analysis via time of flight SIMS indicates that the Li6/Li7 isotope ratio is unusually low but no original reference is available. Pd used by P-F was examined. The surface contained Pt and Li with a unusually low Li-6/Li-7 ratio. Several rods showed recrystallisation requiring 200-300???. Pd that produced heat required a higher T to remove all the contained D than does normal Pd. The use of NaOH causes a slower uptake of H than does the use of LiOH. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=23 | ||
| 916 | Journal Article | Cowley, C. R., Bidelman, W. P., Hubrig, S., Mathys, G., Bord, D. J. | 2004 | On the possible presence of promethium in the spectra of HD 101065 (Przybylski????- star) and HD 965 | A & A | On the possible presence of promethium in the spectra of HD 101065 (Przybylski????- star) and HD 965 | |||||||||
| 917 | Journal Article | Cox, D. M., Fayet, P., Brickman, R., Hahn, M. Y., Kaldor, A. | 1990 | Abnormally Large Deuterium Uptake on Small Transition Metal Clusters | Catalysis Lett, Vol = 4 | Abnormally Large Deuterium Uptake on Small Transition Metal Clusters | PdD, absorption, loading | ||||||||
| 918 | Journal Article | Cranberg, L. | 1989 | Cold fusion doubts and controls' (title given by section editor) | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Cold fusion doubts and controls' (title given by section editor) | review | ||||||||
| 919 | Conference Proceedings | Cravens, D. | 1993 | Factors Affecting Success Rate of Heat Generation in CF Cells | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 18 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Factors Affecting Success Rate of Heat Generation in CF Cells | heat, method, Pd, D2O, ICCF-4, electrolysis | A series of low cost, low precision experiments were conducted to screen for factors which may affect the successful observation of heat from palladium/ heavy water electrolytic cells. Critical factors include the selection of the palladium and the experimental protocol during the initial loading to the beta phase. It was found that bubble patterns, volume expansion, and surface appearance can be used as early predictors of ultimate success. Since large scale defects are detrimental, methods of avoiding cracking are discussed. These include alloying, preparing a uniform surface, loading at a slow rate at low temperatures, delaying use of additives to the electrolyte, and uniform loading techniques. Methods of achieving the later and larger heat releases were found to include: rapid increase in the current density above a threshold value and raising the temperature. A reflux calorimeter design is presented that allows for continuous studies at boiling temperatures of the electrolyte. Unexpected and unexplained occurrences of heat bursts by magnetic fields and radio frequency fields are reported. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CravensDfactorsaff.pdf | |||
| 920 | Journal Article | Cravens, D. | 1995 | Cold Fusion Testing at CET | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 18 | Cold Fusion Testing at CET | H2O, Patterson, test | ||||||||
| 921 | Conference Proceedings | Cravens, D. | 1995 | Flowing Electrolyte Calorimetry | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 79 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Flowing Electrolyte Calorimetry | H2O, Ni, beads, Li2SO4. ICCF-5, electrolysis | When the specific heat and flow rate of the electrolyte are known, the thennal output of cells using circulating electrolytes can be determined. An independent evaluation of the 'Patterson Power Cell™' was conducted using the circulating electrolyte as a heat transfer medium. This allows for real time measurements and alteration of the electrolyte. The cell was found to give measurements consistent with claims of excess power. Suggestions for the improvement of the calorimetry are given. A simplified version of the system was demonstrated during the first 3 days o f the International Conference on Cold Fusion - 5 (ICCF-5) and made available to those requesting its examination. 0.46W in, 1.77+0.18+0.25 = 2.2W out (472%) current vs power ratio given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=95 | ||
| 922 | Journal Article | Cravens, D. | 1995 | A report on testing the patterson power cell | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 21 | A report on testing the patterson power cell | H2O, beads, heat+, Ni, CETI | ||||||||
| 923 | Conference Proceedings | Cravens, D., Letts, D. | 2003 | Practical Techniques In CF Research - Triggering Methods | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Practical Techniques In CF Research - Triggering Methods | laser stimulation, excess heat | A collection of useful techniques for triggering CF events is presented which are gleaned from 14 years of CF research and thousands of experiments by the authors.? Special attention is give to those techniques that trigger excess heat by dynamic conditions that are imposed upon CF systems.? These triggering techniques include changes in cell temperature, pulsing the current to electrolytic systems, acoustical stimulation of gas systems, chemical triggering of electrolytic system, pressure changes, radio frequency excitation, magnetic field variations and laser stimulation. Laser stimulation is found to be a potentially fruitful technique to trigger heat events, to probe the cathode surface by scanning for active locations and to compare products from at active and inactive regions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CravensDpracticalt.pdf | |||
| 924 | Conference Proceedings | Cravens, D., Letts, D. | 2003 | Practical Techniques In CF Research - Triggering Methods (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Practical Techniques In CF Research - Triggering Methods (PowerPoint slides) | laser stimulation, excess heat | PowerPoint slides for this paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CravensDpracticalta.pdf | |||
| 925 | Conference Proceedings | Cravens, D. | 2005 | Search for Radiation Signals from Electrolytic Cells (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Search for Radiation Signals from Electrolytic Cells (PowerPoint slides) | radiation | |||||||
| 926 | Conference Proceedings | Cravens, D., Letts, D. | 2008 | The Enabling Criteria Of Electrochemical Heat: Beyond Reasonable Doubt | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | The Enabling Criteria Of Electrochemical Heat: Beyond Reasonable Doubt | review | One hundred sixty seven papers from 1989 to 2007 concerning the generation of heat from electrochemical cells were collected, listed, and digitally posted to a CD for reference, review and study. A review showed four criteria that were required for successful experiments attempting replication of the Fleischmann-Pons effect. All published negative results can be traced to researchers not fulfilling one or more of these criteria. Statistical and Bayesian studies show that observation of the Fleischmann-Pons effect is correlated with the criteria and that production of 'excess heat' is a real physical effect 'beyond a reasonable doubt.' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CravensDtheenablin.pdf | |||||
| 927 | Journal Article | Cravens, D. | 2011 | Inhibition of LENR by Hydrogen within Gas-loaded Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Inhibition of LENR by Hydrogen within Gas-loaded Systems | Gas loading, Inhibition, Kinetics | This paper develops a model of reaction kinetics for Low-energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) for gas loaded systems. The method is patterned after mathematics used in Michaelis-Menten kinetic models, which are standard in enzyme catalytic studies. Hydrogen is found to inhibit the deuterium reaction rates and can be explained by mixed inhibition kinetics where the hydrogen both competes with deuterium at the active sites requiring higher concentrations of deuterium for a given reaction rate and it also undergoes noncompetitive inhibition, which alters the maximum rate of the reaction. This kinetic model predicts that hydrogen contamination would require ligher loading ratios for similar reaction rates or heat production and also such contamination may lower ultimate heat production due to hydrogen active site complex productions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=290 | ||||||
| 928 | Journal Article | Cravens, D., Gimpel, R. | 2013 | Cold Fusion at NI Week 2013 | Infinite Energy | Cold Fusion at NI Week 2013 | Excess heat | National Instruments? annual NI Week hosts some of the most advanced electronic and instrumentation technologies on the planet. This year's event, held in Austin, Texas from August 5-8, was no exception. Electronically controlled robots roamed the aisles. Next year's auto electronics and advanced controls for cars, airplanes and missiles were displayed. There was even an 800 mph land speed car in the corner. However, in our humble opinion, the most unique booth displayed two golden spheres resting in a bed of silver beads. But the left sphere is 4? warmer than the right one and the bed it rests in. Why is it warmer? Cold fusion keeps it warm and it has been warm for 2? months now. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CravensDcoldfusiona.pdf | ||||||
| 929 | Journal Article | Cravens, D., Swartz, M. R., Ahern, B. S. | 2015 | Condensed matter nuclear reactions with metal particles in gases | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 582 Condensed matter nuclear reactions with metal particles in gases | |||||||||
| 930 | Journal Article | Crawford, O. H. | 1992 | Examination of a proposed phonon-coupling mechanism for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Examination of a proposed phonon-coupling mechanism for cold fusion | Theory, Schwinger | ||||||||
| 931 | Journal Article | Crespo, C. L., Carvalhal, R. F. C., Sequeira, C. A. C. | 1998 | Anomalous effects during electrolysis of aqueous solutions | Cienc. Tecnol. Mater., Vol = 10, Num = (1/2), Page = 43 [in Portuguese] | Anomalous effects during electrolysis of aqueous solutions | Ni, H2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 932 | Journal Article | Cribier, M., Spiro, M., Favier, J. | 1989 | Conventional sources of fast neutrons in cold fusion experiments | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 228 | Conventional sources of fast neutrons in cold fusion experiments | theory, neutron | ||||||||
| 933 | Conference Proceedings | Criddle, E. E. | 1992 | Implications ofIsoperibolic Electrode Calorimetry for Cold Fusion: The Silica Effect | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 417 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Implications ofIsoperibolic Electrode Calorimetry for Cold Fusion: The Silica Effect | SiO2, heat, error, critique, ICCF-3 | Isoperibolic electrode calorimetry has demonstrated that four times as much heat is generated at the anode then at the cathode in D2O. Experiments recognized that silica affected some results. Experiments in K2CO3 reported here identifies silica as both a contributor to excess heat generation and as a factor in modifying the cell calibration constant. Implications for cold fusion will be discussed. Proposes that the presence of SiO2 on electrode surfaces can change the point where energy is deposited in a cell and, thereby, change the apparent production of heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=157 | ||
| 934 | Conference Proceedings | Criddle, E. E. | 1993 | Evidence of Agglomeration and Syneresis in Regular and Excess Heat Cells in Water | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 32 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Evidence of Agglomeration and Syneresis in Regular and Excess Heat Cells in Water | Ni, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 935 | Conference Proceedings | Crouch-Baker, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 1995 | Some Thermodynamic Properties of the H(D)-Pd System | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 431 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Some Thermodynamic Properties of the H(D)-Pd System | PdD, thermodynamic, enthalpy of formation, ICCF-5 | In any discussion of the origin, measurement or description of the anomalous power prod ucing process which occurs in connection with the electrochemical loading of deuterium into palladium, knowledge of the thermodynamic behaviour of the system is clearly of importance. More particularly, since the formation of highly l oaded palladium is implicated as a necessary (but itself insufficient) condition for the observation of anomalous power, thermodynamic considerations relating to the attainment of high l oadings are of interest. Here, it is intended to review, at a general level , those aspects of the thermodynamic nature of the H(D)-Pd system, both equilibrium and non-equilibrium, which appear to bear most directly,on the question of excess power producti on in relati o n to the attai nment of high loadings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=235 | ||
| 936 | Journal Article | Crouch-Baker, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 1996 | Calorimetric study of two metallic samples | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 431 | Calorimetric study of two metallic samples | heat+, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 937 | Journal Article | Crouch-Baker, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 1998 | Variation of Resistance with Composition in the beta-Phase of the H-Pd System at 298k | Z. fur Phys. Chemie, Vol = 204 | Variation of Resistance with Composition in the beta-Phase of the H-Pd System at 298k | Hydrogen-palladium, Resistance ratio, Loading, Pressure-composition isotherm | Measurement of electrical resistance is a convenient method for the determination of composition in a number of metal-hydrogen systems. For the fi-phase of the H-d system, pertinent data from the literature are employed in order to construct a complete resistance-loading function at 298 K. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CrouchBakevariationo.pdf | ||||||
| 938 | Journal Article | Crowley, B. J. B. | 1989 | Nuclear Fusion in High Density Matter | Nucl. Fusion, Vol = 29, Num = 12, Page = 2199 | Nuclear Fusion in High Density Matter | theory | ||||||||
| 939 | Conference Proceedings | Crum, L. | 2003 | Sonoluminescence And Acoustic Inertial Confinement Fusion | Fifth International Symposium on Cavitation (cav2003) | Osaka, Japan | Sonoluminescence And Acoustic Inertial Confinement Fusion | Sonofusion | |||||||
| 940 | Government Document | CSST | 1989 | Hearing before the Committee on Science, Space and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives | Fifth International Symposium on Cavitation (cav2003) | Washington, DC | U.S. House of Representatives 101 First Session | History | U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing before the Committee on Science, Space and Technology on cold fusion, April 1989. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CSSThearingbef.pdf | |||||
| 941 | Conference Proceedings | Cuevas, F., Fernandez, J. F., Algueru, M., Sanchez, C. | 1995 | An Experimental System for 'Cold Fusion' Experiments with Self-Produced Iodide Titanium Films | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 457 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | An Experimental System for 'Cold Fusion' Experiments with Self-Produced Iodide Titanium Films | Ti, D2, layer, method, deposition, ICCF-5 | An experimental system has been developed to grow pure titanium films on tungsten substrates. The physicochemical properties of these films have been widely studied and ad hoc samples can be used for Cold Fusion experiments avoiding their contact with atmosphere. Different Cold Fusion experiments are proposed in a new experimental setup that allows deuterium gas loading of the film whi le electrical current is applied through them. Thus, an experimental configuration similar to an electrochemical loading is attained. Method to deposit Ti film by CVD is described. Proposes the method may be useful for CF. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=262 | ||
| 942 | Conference Proceedings | Cuevas, F., Fernandez, J. F., Sanchez, C. | 1996 | Search for Neutron Emissions Induced by Electric Currents and Phase Transitions in Titanium Deuteride Films | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 154 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Search for Neutron Emissions Induced by Electric Currents and Phase Transitions in Titanium Deuteride Films | Ti, neutron, D2, layer, ICCF-6 | A complete set of NRS (Nuclear Reactions in Solids) experiments has been performed on the Ti-D system checking as triggering mechanisms of these phenomena the imposition of electric fields and the crossing of the cS-E and p-cS phase boundaries. The experiments were accomplished using a high pure iodide-titanium film as the initial metal matrix. Neutron measurements were monitored while doing these experiments and no clear evidence of the nuclear fusion reaction D+D---+3He+n has been detected, the upper detection limit for this reaction being lamda = 3 x 10^-21 f/pds. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=169 | ||
| 943 | Journal Article | Cuevas, F., Fernandez, J. F., Sanchez, C. | 1997 | A search for nuclear reactions in deuterated fresh iodide-titanium films | Fusion Technol., Vol = 32 | A search for nuclear reactions in deuterated fresh iodide-titanium films | Titanium, D2, neutron, gamma emission, layer, loading | ||||||||
| 944 | Journal Article | Cunnane, V. J., Scannell, R. A., Schiffrin, D. J. | 1989 | H2 + O2 recombination in non-isothermal, non-adiabatic electrochemical calorimetry of water electrolysis in an undivided cell | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 269 | H2 + O2 recombination in non-isothermal, non-adiabatic electrochemical calorimetry of water electrolysis in an undivided cell | heat, recombination, critique, method | ||||||||
| 945 | Journal Article | Czerski, K., Huke, A., Biller, A., Heide, P., Hoeft, M., Ruprecht, G. | 2001 | Enhancement of the electron screening effect for d + d fusion reactions in metallic environments | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 54, Num = 4, Page = 449-455 | Enhancement of the electron screening effect for d + d fusion reactions in metallic environments | theory, electron screening | To study the electron screening of nuclear reactions in metallic environments, angular distributions and thick target yields of the fusion reactions 2H(d,p) 3H and 2H(d,n) 3He have been measured on deuterons implanted in three different metal targets (Al, Zr and Ta) for beam energies ranging from 5 to 60 keV. The experimentally determined values of the screening energy are about one order of magnitude larger than the value achieved in a gas target experiment and significantly larger than the theoretical predictions. A clear target material dependence of the screening energy has been established. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CzerskiKenhancemen.pdf | ||||||
| 946 | Conference Proceedings | Czerski, K., Heide, P., Huke, A. | 2004 | Electron Screening Constraints for Cold Fusion | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Electron Screening Constraints for Cold Fusion | theory | |||||||
| 947 | Journal Article | Czerski, K., Huke, A., Heide, P., Ruprecht, G. | 2004 | The 2H(d,p)3H reaction in metallic media at very low energies | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 68, Num = 3, Page = 363-369 | The 2H(d,p)3H reaction in metallic media at very low energies | theory, electron screening | Based on our experimental studies of the electron screening effect in the 2H(d, p) 3H reaction for five deuteron-implanted solid targets (C, Al, Zr, Pd, Ta), theoretical calculations have been performed within an improved dielectric function theory. The theory describes correctly the observed target material dependence of the screening energies, underestimating, however, the absolute values by about a factor of 2. Applying an effective screening energy approach, the theoretical cross-sections, thick-target yields as well as nuclear reaction rates have been calculated down to the energies corresponding to the conditions of so-called cold-fusion experiments. This allows for a comparison of the experimental results at higher energies with those achieved in the heavy-water electrolysis experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/CzerskiKthehdphrea.pdf | ||||||
| 948 | Journal Article | Czerski, K., Huke, A., Heide, P., Ruprecht, G. | 2006 | Experimental and theoretical screening energies for the 2H(d, p)3H reaction in metallic environments | Eur. Phys. J. A, Vol = 27, Num = s01, Page = 83-88 | Experimental and theoretical screening energies for the 2H(d, p)3H reaction in metallic environments | theory, electron screening | ||||||||
| 949 | Conference Proceedings | Czerski, K. | 2009 | Enhanced Electron Screening and Nuclear Mechanism of Cold Fusion | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Enhanced Electron Screening and Nuclear Mechanism of Cold Fusion | The enhanced electron screening effect observed in accelerator experiments for the 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He reaction in deuterized metallic targets may be a breakthrough in understanding the phenomenon of cold fusion. The dielectric function theory enables an extrapolation of experimental cross sections determined at higher energies down to room temperature, leading to an enhancement of the fusion reaction rates by a factor of 1040 compared to the value predicted for the deuterium molecule. An additional enhancement can be obtained due to a 0+ resonance which should exist in the compound nucleus 4He very close to the D-D reaction threshold. Combination of both processes offers a simple explanation of high penetration probability through the Coulomb barrier and the reaction branching ratio preferring the 4He channel in heavy-water electrolysis experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=14 | |||||
| 950 | Journal Article | Czerwinski, A., Marassi, R., Zamponi, S. | 1991 | The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part I. Acidic solutions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 316 | The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part I. Acidic solutions | Pd, loading, layer, OCV | ||||||||
| 951 | Journal Article | Czerwinski, A., Marassi, R. | 1992 | The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part II: Basic solutions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 322 | The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part II: Basic solutions | Pd, loading, layer, electrolysis, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 952 | Journal Article | Czerwinski, A. | 1994 | Influence of lithium cations on hydrogen and deuterium electrosorption in palladium | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 39 | Influence of lithium cations on hydrogen and deuterium electrosorption in palladium | Pd, electrolysis, Li, loading, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 953 | Journal Article | Czerwinski, A., Maruszczak, G., Zelazowska, M., Lancucka, M., Marassi, R., Zamponi, S. | 1995 | The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part III: The influence of solution composition | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 386 | The absorption of hydrogen and deuterium in thin palladium electrodes. Part III: The influence of solution composition | loading, Pd, D2O, H2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 954 | Journal Article | Czerwinski, A., Czauderna, M., Maruszczak, G., Kiersztyn, I., Marassi, R., Zamponi, S. | 1997 | Influence of cesium cations on hydrogen and deuterium electrosorption in palladium | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 42, Num = 1, Page = 81 | Influence of cesium cations on hydrogen and deuterium electrosorption in palladium | Cs, Pd, loading, H2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 955 | Conference Proceedings | Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Wang, J. C. | 1990 | High-Efficiency Neutron and Charged-Particle Detector | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 101 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | High-Efficiency Neutron and Charged-Particle Detector | neutron, particle emission, apparatus, method | ||||
| 956 | Conference Proceedings | Daddi, L. | 1995 | Neutrons Observations in Cold Fusion Experiments | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 259 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Neutrons Observations in Cold Fusion Experiments | neutron, review, ICCF-5 | This report is a review of the most convincing observations of neutrons in Cold Fusion history up to recent experiments in which neutrons were so numerous and long lasting so as to allow activation of thermal detectors. Lately neutrons were observed also by using natural hydrogen. A more complete review is published elsewhere. A review with 39 references | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=60 | ||
| 957 | Conference Proceedings | Daddi, L. | 1999 | On a possible role of the virtual neutrons in cold fusion | ASTI Workshop | Asti | On a possible role of the virtual neutrons in cold fusion | theory | |||||||
| 958 | Journal Article | Daddi, L. | 2001 | Proton-electron reactions as precursors of anomalous nuclear events | Fusion Technol., Vol = 39 | Proton-electron reactions as precursors of anomalous nuclear events | virtual neutron theory | ||||||||
| 959 | Magazine Article | Dagani, R. | 1989 | Nuclear Fusion: Utah Findings Raise Hopes, Doubts | Chem. Eng. News | Nuclear Fusion: Utah Findings Raise Hopes, Doubts | critique, history | ||||||||
| 960 | Journal Article | Dagani, R. | 1990 | Advocates,Skeptics Alike Still Puzzled by Cold Fusion | Chem. Eng. News | Advocates,Skeptics Alike Still Puzzled by Cold Fusion | newspaper, review | ||||||||
| 961 | Journal Article | Dagani, R. | 1995 | Cold Fusion Believer Turned Skeptic Crusades for More Rigorous Research | Chem. Eng. News | Cold Fusion Believer Turned Skeptic Crusades for More Rigorous Research | history, critique | ||||||||
| 962 | Conference Proceedings | Dairaku, T., Katayama, Y., Hayashi, T., Isobe, Y., Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Studies of nuclear-reactions-in-solid in titanium deuteride under ion implantation | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Studies of nuclear-reactions-in-solid in titanium deuteride under ion implantation 3993 | ICCF-9, Ti, ion bombardment, D+, multibody, theory | In order to find the signature of multi-body fusion, experiments of ion-beam implantation were carried out using titanium deuteride target made by the gas-loading method. Up to now, charged particles that are not known in the ordinary beam-target interaction have been observed in the experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DairakuTstudiesofn.pdf | |||
| 963 | Journal Article | Dalard, F., Ulmann, M., Augustynski, J., Selvam, P. | 1989 | Electrochemical incorporation of lithium into palladium from aprotic electrolytes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 270 | Electrochemical incorporation of lithium into palladium from aprotic electrolytes | Pd, electrolysis, Li, surface analysis, Pd-Li | ||||||||
| 964 | Conference Proceedings | Dalun, W., Suhe, C., Yijiu, L., Rong, L., Mei, W., Yibei, F., Xinwei, Z., Wushou, Z. | 1996 | Diagnosis of Neutrons from the Gas Discharge Facility | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 361 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Oct. 13-18, 1996 | Diagnosis of Neutrons from the Gas Discharge Facility | neutron, gas discharge ICCF-6 | The phenomena of nuclear fusion at normal temperature have been studied using a gas discharge facility and about 10^4 neutrons per second have been detected. The neutron yield is controllable and reproduceable. The BF 3 neutron detectors, the 6Li thermoluminescence films, the NE-213 organic liquid scintillation neutron spectrometer and the n-gamma discrimination technique were used to diagnose the neutrons. It was confirmed that neutrons were emitted from the gas discharge facility. There were some non beam-target neutrons among these neutrons, especially when the discharge voltages was low (<7kV). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=376 | ||
| 965 | Conference Proceedings | D'Amato, F., De Ninno, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Zeppa, P., Pontorieri, C., Lanza, F. | 1990 | Search for Nuclear Phenomena by the Interaction Between Titanium and Deuterium | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 170 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Search for Nuclear Phenomena by the Interaction Between Titanium and Deuterium | Ti, D2, neutron, tritium, ICCF-1 | Following the preliminary results obtained in the Spring of 1989 [see ref.3], a second generation of experiments aimed to the detection of nuclear particles from a titanium-deuterium system has been designed. Here very preliminary results from the new (even though not yet complete) experimental setup are presented: neutron burst emission from the system and tritium production in the samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=189 | ||
| 966 | Conference Proceedings | Dan, C. | 1998 | The Role of the Energy Fluctuations in the Possibility of Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 447 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The Role of the Energy Fluctuations in the Possibility of Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | theory, ICCF-7 | In many experimental papers concerning experiments of loading certain metals like nickel, palladium with hydrogen isotopes low radiation levels have been reported. A simple model to describe the energy fluctuation of a deuteron trapped in a lattice, considering elastic collisions in one dimension with the ions is presented. The energy fluctuations, combined with the increase of the Coulomb barrier penetration probability produced by the electron screening effect, might lead to a very small and unsteady rate of low energy nuclear reactions produced by the hydrogen isotopes in condensed matter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=447 | ||
| 967 | Journal Article | Dandapani, B., Fleischmann, M. | 1972 | Electrolytic Separation Factors on Palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 39 | Electrolytic Separation Factors on Palladium | Pd, H2, D2, separation | ||||||||
| 968 | Journal Article | Dannetun, H. M., Saderberg, D., Lundstram, I., Petersson, L. G. | 1985 | The H2-O2 Reaction on Palladium Studied Over a Large Pressure Range: Independence of the Microscopic Sticking Coefficients on Surface Condition | Sur. Sci., Vol = 152-153 | The H2-O2 Reaction on Palladium Studied Over a Large Pressure Range: Independence of the Microscopic Sticking Coefficients on Surface Condition | H, O, Pd, sticking Coefficient | ||||||||
| 969 | Journal Article | Danos, M. | 1990 | Coulomb-assisted cold fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 413 | Coulomb-assisted cold fusion | Theory | ||||||||
| 970 | Journal Article | Danos, M. | 1990 | Coulomb-assisted cold fusion in solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Coulomb-assisted cold fusion in solids | Theory | ||||||||
| 971 | Journal Article | Danos, M., Belyaev, V. B. | 1991 | Estimate of the neutron transfer fusion rate | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Estimate of the neutron transfer fusion rate | Theory, neutron | ||||||||
| 972 | Journal Article | Darby, M. I., Read, M. N. | 1983 | Site Preference of Dilute Hydrogen in Palladium | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 90 | Site Preference of Dilute Hydrogen in Palladium | Pd, H2, absorption | ||||||||
| 973 | Conference Proceedings | Dardik, I., Branover, H., El-Boher, A., Gazit, D., Golbreich, E., Greenspan, E., Kapusta, A., Khachatorov, B., Krakov, V., Lesin, S., Michailovitch, B., Shani, G., Zilov, T. | 2003 | Intensification Of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Using Superwave Excitation | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Intensification Of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Using Superwave Excitation | excess heat, electrolysis, glow discharge | Energetics Technologies (ET) was recently established to investigate possibilities for inducing Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) using special wave excitation. Four experimental approaches are being pursued: electrolysis, glow-discharge, gas loading in catalyst cells and high-pressure high-temperature cell with ultrasonic wave excitation. The experimental setups developed by ET are described along with preliminary results obtained. A significant amount of excess heat was measured in the first glow discharge experiment. The power generated during the experiment was up to 3.9 times the input power. When driven with waves the excess heat was higher than when driven with DC. A significant amount of excess heat was also measured after the shutdown of the glow discharge; it lasted for approximately 10 hours. The total excess energy generated is estimated to be 6.7 times the input energy. The 'heat-after-death' phenomenon was also observed in another glow discharge experiment. Excess heat up to approximately 80% was measured over a period of over 3 months in yet another glow discharge experiment. Driving the electrolytic cells with waves resulted in a faster loading than when driving them with DC of the same average current. The tritium concentration in the electrolyte measured at the end of the experiments was found to be up to more than 100% the pre-experiment level. No excess heat was measured, so far, in the catalyst cells. Successful loading of Pd target with D was obtained in the high-pressure high-temperature gas cell without going through the alpha+beta phase of the Pd-D system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DardikIintensific.pdf | |||
| 974 | Conference Proceedings | Dardik, I., Zilov, T., Branover, H., El-Boher, A., Greenspan, E., Khachatorov, B., Krakov, V., Lesin, S., Tsirlin, M. | 2004 | Excess heat in electrolysis experiments at Energetics Technologies (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Excess heat in electrolysis experiments at Energetics Technologies (PowerPoint slides) | heat | PowerPoint slides describing research at Energetics Technology. Topic covered: SuperWaves;? glow discharge experiments; electrolytic cells; cathode pretreatment; excess heat obtained; tritium and material analysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DardikIexcessheat.pdf | |||||
| 975 | Conference Proceedings | Dardik, I., Zilov, T., Branover, H., El-Boher, A., Greenspan, E., Khachaturov, B., Krakov, V., Lesin, S., Tsirlin, M. | 2005 | Progress in Electrolysis Experiments at Energetics Technologies (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Progress in Electrolysis Experiments at Energetics Technologies (PowerPoint slides) | electrolysis, heat | In last year we have succeeded obtaining significant Excess Heat (=100%) with seven different Pd foils, using Electrolytic cells, excited by Dardik's Super Wave. Several of the successful foils were provided by Dr. Vittorio Violante of ENEA Frascatti. Significant Excess Heat: The output power exceeded the input power (COP) by at least 100%. Maximum COP obtained is 600%, it lasted for 24.5 hours. The longest period of Excess Heat obtained was 134 hours at COP of 150%. A new type of experiments was initiated. Electrolytic loaded Pd cathode is exposed to Ultra Sonic waves (US), inducing cavitations in the vicinity of the cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DardikIprogressin.pdf | ||||
| 976 | Conference Proceedings | Dardik, I., Zilov, T., Branover, H., El-Boher, A., Greenspan, E., Khachatorov, B., Krakov, V., Lesin, S., Shapiro, A., Tsirlin, M. | 2007 | Report on Electrolysis Experiments at Energetics Technologies | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Report on Electrolysis Experiments at Energetics Technologies | ||||||||
| 977 | Conference Proceedings | Dardik, I. | 2008 | Preparata Prize acceptance speech | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Preparata Prize acceptance speech | review | |||||||
| 978 | Conference Proceedings | Dardik, I., Zilov, T., Branover, H., El-Boher, A., Greenspan, E., Khachatorov, B., Krakov, V., Lesin, S., Shapiro, A., Tsirlin, M. | 2008 | Ultrasonically-excited electrolysis Experiments at Energetics Technologies | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Ultrasonically-excited electrolysis Experiments at Energetics Technologies | ultrasonic, heat, review | Three electrolysis cells with built-in ultrasonic transmitters were developed by Energetics Technologies. The ultrasonic transmitters induce cavitation in the electrolyte in the vicinity of the palladium cathode for in-situ cleaning and activation of the cathode surface, generation of dislocations, assistance in loading and excitation of the Pd-D system. The ultrasonically assisted electrolysis cells are described and excess heat generating experiments using these cells are illustrated. All of these experiments used the Dardik?? modified SuperWaves to drive the electrolysis. The reproducibility of excess heat generation obtained using the ultrasonically assisted electrolysis experiments approaches 80%, which is the highest of all types of electrolysis experiments performed at Energetics Technologies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DardikIultrasonic.pdf | |||||
| 979 | Conference Proceedings | Dardik, I. | 2009 | SuperWaves (TM) as the Natural Origin of Excess Heat | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | SuperWaves (TM) as the Natural Origin of Excess Heat | Energetics Technologies has had excellent reproducibility of its own experimental results on cold fusion; significantly, its work has been replicated at independent laboratories, at SRI and ENEA. We believe that one of the most important reasons for these results is the use t of complex fractally nested current excitation From this perspective, these results in replicating the production of excess heat are a further confirmation that natural phenomena, including the electrochemical processes for producing excess of heat, can be correctly described by these fractal dynamics. . In this paper I describe basic concepts of the SuperWaves? theory, which is an original general approach to model and understand natural phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=124 | |||||
| 980 | Journal Article | Das, D., Ray, M. K. S. | 1993 | Fusion in condensed matter - a likely scenario | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Fusion in condensed matter - a likely scenario | Theory | ||||||||
| 981 | Book Section | Dasannacharya, B. A., Rao, K. R. | 1989 | Remarks on Cold Fusion | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Remarks on Cold Fusion | theory | 1500 | ||||
| 982 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Noble, G., Diman, D. | 1993 | Surface Morphology and Microcomposition of Palladium Cathodes After Electrolysis in Acified Light and Heavy Water: Correlation With Excess Heat | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 25 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Surface Morphology and Microcomposition of Palladium Cathodes After Electrolysis in Acified Light and Heavy Water: Correlation With Excess Heat | heat+, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, structure, transmutation, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 983 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Noble, G., Diman, D. | 1994 | Changes in Surface Topography and Microcomposition of a Palladium Cathode Caused by Electrolysis in Acidified Light Water | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 172 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Changes in Surface Topography and Microcomposition of a Palladium Cathode Caused by Electrolysis in Acidified Light Water | Ti, D2O, H2SO4, heat+, transmutation | ||||
| 984 | Journal Article | Dash, J., Noble, G., Diman, D. | 1994 | Surface Morphology and Microcomposition of Palladium Cathodes After Electrolysis in Acified Light and Heavy Water: Correlation With Excess Heat | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 299 | Surface Morphology and Microcomposition of Palladium Cathodes After Electrolysis in Acified Light and Heavy Water: Correlation With Excess Heat | heat+, Pd, D2O, surface analysis, structure, transmutation | ||||||||
| 985 | Journal Article | Dash, J., Miguet, S. | 1996 | Microanalysis of Pd Cathodes after Electrolysis in Aqueous Acids | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 23 | Microanalysis of Pd Cathodes after Electrolysis in Aqueous Acids | transmutation, Pd electrolysis, D2O, surface analysis | The morphology and microcomposition of palladium after electrolysis in heavy water were studied. Fibers which appeared on the surface were observed to change with time. Evidence which supports the possibility of transmutation is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJmicroanaly.pdf | ||||||
| 986 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J. | 1996 | Chemical changes and excess heat caused by electrolysis with H2SO4-D2O electrolyte | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 477 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Chemical changes and excess heat caused by electrolysis with H2SO4-D2O electrolyte | excess heat | Preliminary mass spectrometer analysis showed that a palladium foil which had been electrolyzed for 12 minutes had greater abundance ofPd108 than Pdl06, whereas the unelectrolyzed control showed the reverse, expected natural abundances. After about 20 hours of electrolysis, a Pd cathode produced excess heat at the rate of about 5 watts per gram. After about 70 hours of electrolysis. the Pd electrode no longer produced excess heat, but a Pt cathode began to produce excess heat. Similar localized concentrations of unexpected elements were found on both the Pd and the Pt cathodes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=76 | |||
| 987 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Kopecek, R., Miguet, S. | 1997 | Excess Heat and Unexpected Elements from Aqueous Electrolysis with Titanium and Palladium Cathodes | 32nd Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, Vol = 2 | Excess Heat and Unexpected Elements from Aqueous Electrolysis with Titanium and Palladium Cathodes | Excess heat, transmutation | Presented here are results of research performed at Portland State University during the period 1994 to 1996. Excess heat was produced at the rate of about 1.2 watts during electrolysis of heavy water with a titanium cathode weighing 0.0625g. Analysis of the electrodes before and after electrolysis with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) revealed that new surface topographical features with concentrations of unexpected elements (V, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Zn) formed during electrolysis. The morphology and microcomposition of palladium after electrolysis in heavy water were studied. Fibers which appeared on the surface were observed to change with time. Evidence which supports the possibility of transmutation is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJexcessheat.pdf | ||||||
| 988 | Report | Dash, J. | 2001 | Interaction of titanium with hydrogen isotopes, final progress report | 32nd Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, Vol = 2 | U.S. Army Research Office | Interaction of titanium with hydrogen isotopes, final progress report | heat, titanium | Attempts to achieve low temperature nuclear fusion can be traced to the work of Paneth, Peters, and Tanberg in 1927. Martin Fleischmann, who in his early career was a colleague of Paneth, teamed with Stanley Pons at the University of Utah to pursue this goal by the electrolysis of heaNy water with a palladium cathode. Palladium is a metal which strongly absorbs hydrogen isotopes. The question they sought to answer was whether the internal pressure generated by this absorption would be sufficient to overcome the coulomb repulsion of deuterium nuclei. In 1989 they claimed success in fusing deuterium nuclei to form helium 2. Their main evidence for this claim was excess heat which was orders of magnitude higher than could be explained by any known chemical reaction | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJinteractio.pdf | |||||
| 989 | Report | Dash, J., Freeman, J., Zimmermann, B. | 2002 | Cold Fusion Research - Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | 32nd Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, Vol = 2 | Portland State University | Porland, OR | 2002 | Cold Fusion Research - Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | PowerPoint slides describing cold fusion experiments conducted during Portland State University summer apprenticeship program in 2002. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJcoldfusion.pdf | ||||
| 990 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Savvatimova, I., Frantz, S., Weis, E., Kozima, H. | 2002 | Effects of Glow Discharge with Hydrogen Isotope Plasmas on Radioactivity of Uranium | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China | Effects of Glow Discharge with Hydrogen Isotope Plasmas on Radioactivity of Uranium | glow discharge, radioactivity, gamma, transmutation | Uranium foils were attached to the cathode of a glow discharge apparatus. A plasma of either hydrogen or deuterium ions was used to bombard the uranium. The rates of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation emissions were significantly greater for the bombarded uranium than for the original material. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJeffectsofg.pdf | ||||
| 991 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Chicea, D. | 2003 | Changes In The Radioactivity, Topography, And Surface Composition Of Uranium After Hydrogen Loading By Aqueous Electrolysis | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Changes In The Radioactivity, Topography, And Surface Composition Of Uranium After Hydrogen Loading By Aqueous Electrolysis | electrolysis, uranium, reduced radioactivity | Hydrogen loading? of 99.98% pure natural uranium foils (0.18 mm thick) was performed by aqueous electrolysis in order to compare with glow discharge results. Alpha, beta, and gamma specific radioactivity were measured? after hydrogen loading and compared with the control. Some of the samples revealed an increase of the specific radioactivity of up to 20%. Gamma ray spectroscopy was also performed on the samples. Results reveal an increase of the specific counts for the peaks of Th234 and U235 and a decrease in the U Ka1 characteristic x-ray peak. The surface topography changed from granular before electrolysis to pitted afterward. The thorium concentration increased slightly after electrolysis compared with the original material. In summary, this work in progress reveals that loading hydrogen into uranium increases the uranium decay rate, in agreement with the glow discharge results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJchangesint.pdf | |||
| 992 | Report | Dash, J., Lee, C., Pedersen, S. | 2003 | The Quest for Excess | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | Portland State University | Porland, OR | 2003 | The Quest for Excess | PowerPoint slides describing cold fusion experiments conducted during Portland State University summer apprenticeship program in 2003. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJthequestfo.pdf | ||||
| 993 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Ambadkar, A. | 2004 | Co-Deposition Of Palladium With Hydrogen Isotopes | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Co-Deposition Of Palladium With Hydrogen Isotopes | co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, heat+, film | Palladium was co-deposited with hydrogen isotopes on a Pd cathode. This resulted in enhanced production of excess thermal power. After electrolysis the Pd Lβ / Lα ratio was found to be increased in characteristic x-ray spectra from localized, microscopic areas on the surface of the Pd cathode. This suggests the possibility that appreciable amounts of silver are present in these areas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJcodepositi.pdf | |||||
| 994 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Ambadkar, A., Wang, Q. | 2004 | ICCF11 Tutorial - Search for optimum conditions to produce excess heat from the electrolysis of heavy water with a palladium cathode (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | ICCF11 Tutorial - Search for optimum conditions to produce excess heat from the electrolysis of heavy water with a palladium cathode (PowerPoint slides) heat | heat | Tutorial presented at ICCF-12. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJiccftutori.pdf | |||||
| 995 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Silver, D. S. | 2007 | Surface Studies After Loading Metals With Hydrogen And/Or Deuterium | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Surface Studies After Loading Metals With Hydrogen And/Or Deuterium | calorimeter, method | Surface studies of 40 μm thick Pd foils after electrolysis in D2O / H2SO4 electrolyte for six minutes found inversions in isotopic ratios. Anomalous isotopic ratios were also found on the surface of a 350 μm thick Pd foil after electrolysis in the same electrolyte for 74 hours. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DashJsurfacestu.pdf | |||||
| 996 | Book Section | Dash, J., Wang, Q., Silver, D. S. | 2009 | Excess Heat and Anomalous Isotopes and Isotopic Ratios From the Interaction of Palladium With Hydrogen Isotopes | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Excess Heat and Anomalous Isotopes and Isotopic Ratios From the Interaction of Palladium With Hydrogen Isotopes | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch004 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch004 | ||||||
| 997 | Conference Proceedings | Dash, J., Wang, Q. | 2009 | Anomalous Silver on the Cathode Surface after Aqueous Electrolysis | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Anomalous Silver on the Cathode Surface after Aqueous Electrolysis | The presence of localized concentrations of anomalous elements (gold and silver)on the surfaces of palladium cathodes after electrolysis in either light water or heavy water electrolyte was first reported in 1994 [1]. Similarly, anomolous elements in surface pits were reported for titanium cathodes after electrolysis in heavy water electrolyte [2]. More recently, off-the-shelf battery fluid (Sp.G. 1.26) was substituted for analytical-grade H2SO4 (Sp.G. 1.84) in the electrolyte. Silver was found in localized concentrations on palladium cathodes after electrolysis. These results are consistent with a thermal neutron mechanism proposed previously [1]. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=82 | |||||
| 998 | Journal Article | Dash, J., Solomon, J. | 2014 | Effect of Recrystallization on Heat Output and Surface Composition of Ti and Pd Cathodes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 80-88 Effect of Recrystallization on Heat Output and Surface Composition of Ti and Pd Cathodes | excess heat | The microstructure of Pd and Ti foils was altered by cold rolling followed by heating at temperatures up to ~700 deg C. The surface topography and microchemical composition of these foils was studied before and after electrolysis with heavy water electrolyte. Temperature measurements during electrolysis showed that Ti and Pd cathodes which had been heated to ~700 deg C gave about 1W excess power relative to a control. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=90 | ||||||
| 999 | Conference Proceedings | D'Aulerio, L., Violante, V., Castagna, E., Fiore, R., Capobianco, L., Del Prete, P., Tanzella, F. L., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2005 | Thermal analysis of calorimetric systems | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Thermal analysis of calorimetric systems | Calorimeter, method | ||||||
| 1000 | Journal Article | David, F. | 1994 | Theorie de la diafluidite | Fusion, Vol = 49 | Theorie de la diafluidite | Theory, fluidity, superconductivity, superfluidity | ||||||||
| 1001 | Conference Proceedings | David, F., Giles, J. | 2008 | Self-Polarisation of Fusion Diodes: From Excess Energy to Energy | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Self-Polarisation of Fusion Diodes: From Excess Energy to Energy | Excess heat | Conventionally, the cold fusion reaction produces heat. The authors have sought a different approach, wherein the device has no input energy, relying on the energy produced by cold fusion in the device. The device consists of diodes fabricated as powder, with a large surface junction made up of a semiconductor in contact with palladium charged with deuterium. The apparent fusion reactions take place in the junction between the semiconductor and the Palladium powder, which produces an excitation which is transmitted to the electrons. This excitation increases their energy and allows them to cross the bandgap of the semiconductor and pass into the conduction band, as in a photovoltaic cell. This energy very quickly appears as a spontaneous potential difference which can reach over 0.5 volt per junction. The potential drop concentrates on the junction region, and at a nano scale the electric field reaches considerable values, higher than the megavolt per meter, which constrains the deuterium nuclei and increases the probability of deuterium fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DavidFselfpolari.pdf | |||||
| 1002 | Conference Proceedings | David, F., Giles, J. | 2009 | Self-Polarisation of Fusion Diodes: Nuclear Energy or Chemical Artefact? | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Self-Polarisation of Fusion Diodes: Nuclear Energy or Chemical Artefact? | The authors discusses the results of the testing of a new fusion device : the ?usion Diode?. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=173 | |||||
| 1003 | Conference Proceedings | David, F., Giles, J. | 2018 | Alternatives to Calorimetry (PowerPoint slides and poster) | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | Alternatives to Calorimetry (PowerPoint slides and poster) | calorimeter | Since the first publication of Martin Fleischman and Stanley Pons in 1989, the majority of articles in the LENR field have focused on calorimetry. This is true for both electrolysis experiments and gaseous loading experiments. Many calorimetry experiments are masterpieces of science [3] Nevertheless, despite the experimental evidence, the results indicating excessive heat have not convinced the scientific community. Well-designed calorimetry experiments take a very long time to be developped. It's an issue, because it would be good to test many alloys systematically. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DavidFalternativ.pdf | |||||
| 1004 | Journal Article | David, F., Giles, J. | 2020 | Alternatives to Calorimetry | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | Alternatives to Calorimetry | Bose?instein condensate, Deuterium, Direct conversion, Fusion diode, Tritium | Since the first publication of Martin Fleischman and Stanley Pons in 1989, the majority of articles in the LENR field have focused on calorimetry. Many calorimetry experiments are masterpieces of science. Nevertheless, despite the experimental evidence, the results indicating excessive heat have not convinced the scientific community. For this purpose, we propose three relatively simple techniques: The ?usion Diode? effect, the Reifenschweiler effect and a new postulated effect, not yet observed: the magnetic alignment of the tritium pairs. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=58 | ||||||
| 1005 | Journal Article | Davidonis, R., Duskesas, G., Kalinauskas, R., Makarinunas, K., Petrauskas, J., Remeiskis, V., Ruzele, B. | 1990 | An experimental evaluation of the probability of cold fusion | Litovskii Fiz. Sbornik, Vol = 30, Num = 6, Page = 65 | An experimental evaluation of the probability of cold fusion | Pd, titanium, electrolysis, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, D2O, negative | ||||||||
| 1006 | Newspaper Article | Davidson, K. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Not Dead Yet | San Francisco Examiner | Cold Fusion Not Dead Yet | history | ||||||||
| 1007 | Journal Article | Davidson, M. | 2016 | Off-mass-shell Particles and LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 46 Off-mass-shell Particles and LENR | Horwitz-Piron, LENR, Nuclear anomalies, Stueckelberg, Variable mass | A recent and somewhat radical theoretical explanation for LENR is reviewed. It is based on variable mass theories of relativistic quantum mechanics that date back to the 1930s in works by Fock and Stueckelberg, and up to the present by many others. It explains a large number of observed anomalous effects in LENR by positing that nuclear rest-masses can vary in ?uclear active environments? in condensed matter settings. The varying masses modify the kinematic constraints of the nuclear reactions. It also offers a mechanism for enhancing electron screening and-or quantum tunneling rates, for allowing for resonant tunneling, and for modified radioactive decay rates by mass changes in the decaying isotopes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=54 | ||||||
| 1008 | Journal Article | Davies, J. D., Cohen, J. S. | 1990 | More on the cold fusion family | Ettore Majorana Int. Sci. Ser.: Phys. Sci. | More on the cold fusion family | Theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1009 | Journal Article | Davies, J. D. | 1990 | A Direct Measurement of the Alpha-Muon Sticking Coefficient in Muon-Catalysed d-t Fusion | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., Vol = 16 | A Direct Measurement of the Alpha-Muon Sticking Coefficient in Muon-Catalysed d-t Fusion | muon, D-T fusion | ||||||||
| 1010 | Journal Article | Davies, J. D., Pyle, G. J., Squier, G. T. A., Bertin, A., Bruschi, M., Piccinini, M., Vitale, A., Zoccoli, A., Jones, S. E., Alper, B., Bom, V. R., Van Eijk, C. W. E., de Haan, H., Craston, D. H., Jones, C. P., Williams, D. E. G., Anderson, D. M., Eaton, G. H. | 1990 | Search for 2.5 MeV neutrons from D2O (heavy water) electrolytic cells stimulated by high-intensity muons and pions | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 103, Num = 1, Page = 155 | Search for 2.5 MeV neutrons from D2O (heavy water) electrolytic cells stimulated by high-intensity muons and pions | PdD, TiD, muons, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 1011 | Journal Article | Davis, L. | 1989 | Cold fusion: a learning curve? | Aust. Phys., Vol = 26 | Cold fusion: a learning curve? | review | ||||||||
| 1012 | Magazine Article | Daviss, B. | 2003 | Reasonable Doubt | New Scientist, Vol = 177, Num = 2388, Page = 36 | March 29, 2003 | Reasonable Doubt | Review | |||||||
| 1013 | Journal Article | Davydov, A. S. | 1989 | Possible interpretation of cold nuclear fusion (Letter to the Editor) | Ukr. Fiz. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), Vol = 34 | Possible interpretation of cold nuclear fusion (Letter to the Editor) | theory, superconductivity, muons | ||||||||
| 1014 | Journal Article | Davydov, A. S. | 1990 | Possible explanation of the cold fusion experiments' | Sov. Phys. Dokl., Vol = 35, Num = 9, Page = 811 | Possible explanation of the cold fusion experiments' | Theory | ||||||||
| 1015 | Journal Article | de Guerville, F. | 2016 | Proton Conductors: Nanometric Cavities, H2 Precipitates under Pressure, and Rydberg Matter Formation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | Proton Conductors: Nanometric Cavities, H2 Precipitates under Pressure, and Rydberg Matter Formation | H2 precipitates, Impurities, Large hydrogen flux, Nanometric cavities, Partial metallization of hydrogen, Pressure, Proton conductors, Rydberg states | Proton conductors (PC) are metal oxides often used as solid electrolyte with hydrogen above 400 K, in which anomalous presence increase of several chemical elements and excess heat would have been obtained from near-surface locations. Near the surface of other metal oxides, closely spaced hydrogen at a distance of only 2 pm at least during a fraction of the time has been detected, and has been proposed to be in the form of hypothetical ultradense Rydberg matter H(0). How can H(0) form in PC near the cathode interface? Nanometric cavities (NC) were observed in the PC near their cathode interfaces. These NC would contain H2 precipitates with impurities, under a pressure of the order of 0.1 GPa. Since PC are crossed by a large flux of protons, a simple mechanism is proposed to increase the H2 pressure in these NC rapidly and temporarily well above the PC tensile strength. A second mechanism is then described to turn this H2 into a metallic-molecular state, form a Rydberg matter H(1) and then H(0) with a pressure decrease. In NC, the presence of impurities and the entry of the hydrogen atoms in the form of Rydberg atoms are proposed to decrease the pressure required to form metallic-molecular hydrogen. Finally, different experiments are proposed to test this research approach, particularly by transmission electron microscopy and Raman micro-spectroscopy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=31 | ||||||
| 1016 | Conference Proceedings | De Marco, F., De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., La Barbera, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V. | 1996 | Progress Report on the Research Activities on Cold Fusion at ENEA Frascati | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 145 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Progress Report on the Research Activities on Cold Fusion at ENEA Frascati | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, stress, D/Pd, ICCF-6 | Since 1992 the ENEA Frascati Group has performed successful experiments aimed to measuring the excess heat produced in electrolytic cells with heavy water and a Palladium cathode. These experiments were characterized by a substantial lack of reproducibility. On the other side, it has become more and more clear that reaching, and possibly exceeding, a threshold in the amount of Deuterium absorbed in the lattice (usually called the DlPd ratio) is a necessary condition in order to produce excess heat (DlPd ~ 0.9 atomic). These considerations pushed the Group to concentrate its activity in the study of the connection between the Palladium characteristic parameters and the maximum reachable D/Pd ratio, by analysing and interpreting the relative absorption mechanisms. Mastering this aspect of the experiment should allow obtaining reproducibly high charging ratios, well above the quoted threshold, and thus hopefully reproducible production of heat excess. This has been done in the last year, with quite promising results, that will be reported in this paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=160 | ||
| 1017 | Journal Article | De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Lollobattista, G., Martinis, L., Martone, M., Mori, L., Podda, S., Scaramuzzi, F. | 1989 | Emission of neutrons from a deuterium-titanium system | Energ. Nucl. (Rome), Vol = 6 | Emission of neutrons from a deuterium-titanium system | Ti, D2, neutron, titanium | ||||||||
| 1018 | Journal Article | De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Lollobattista, G., Martinis, L., Martone, M., Mori, L., Podda, S., Scaramuzzi, F. | 1989 | Evidence of emission of neutrons from a titanium-deuterium system' | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 9 | Evidence of emission of neutrons from a titanium-deuterium system' | Ti, D2, neutron, titanium | ||||||||
| 1019 | Journal Article | De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Lollobattista, G., Martinis, L., Martone, M., Mori, L., Podda, S., Scaramuzzi, F. | 1989 | Emission of neutrons as a consequence of titanium-deuterium interaction | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 101 | Emission of neutrons as a consequence of titanium-deuterium interaction | Ti, D2, neutron, titanium | ||||||||
| 1020 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Pontorieri, C., Zeppa, P. | 1990 | Emission of Neutron Bursts From a Titanium-Deuterium Gas Ststem in a High-Effeciency Low-Background Experimental Setup | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 122 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Emission of Neutron Bursts From a Titanium-Deuterium Gas Ststem in a High-Effeciency Low-Background Experimental Setup | neutron, Ti, D2, titanium | ||||
| 1021 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Frattolillo, A., Migliori, S., Lanza, F., Scaglione, S., Zeppa, P., Pontorieri, C. | 1991 | The Production of Neutrons and Tritium in the Deuterium Gas-Titanium Interaction | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 129 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | The Production of Neutrons and Tritium in the Deuterium Gas-Titanium Interaction | Ti, D2, neutron, tritium, ICCF-2, titanium | The search for neutron emission due to the interaction between deuterium gas and titanium in non-equilibrium thermodynamic condit ions was first proposed by the Frascati Group of ENEA, and preliminary results, obtained in April 1989, were published. The same results, enriched with new data, were presented at the Santa Fe Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena in May and at the Workshop Understanding Cold Fusion Phenomena, held in Varenna in September 1989. These data, as well as all the others in the field, were characterized by lack of reproducibility. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=144 | ||
| 1022 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., Violante, V. | 1992 | 'Quasi-Plasma' Transport Model in Deuterium Overloaded Cathodes | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 107 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | 'Quasi-Plasma' Transport Model in Deuterium Overloaded Cathodes | theory | The Pd-D system has been described assuming a two-population model. A 'quasi-plasma' delocalized boson gas picture has been used for the deuterons exceeding the sto ichiometric ratio in Pd-D compounds. A mathematical model supported by a numerical computer code with distributed parameters has been developed in order to describe the evolution of the deuteron concentration profile inside a Pd cathode under pulsed electrolysis. Several boundary conditions have been taken into account. A strong correlation has been found between the model system evolution and the experimental data . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=115 | ||
| 1023 | Journal Article | De Ninno, A., Violante, V. | 1994 | Study of deuterium charging in palladium by electrolysis of heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Study of deuterium charging in palladium by electrolysis of heavy water | Pd, electrolysis, D2, diffusion, loading | ||||||||
| 1024 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Violante, V. | 1996 | Selection of palladium metallurgical parameters to achieve very high loading rations | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 192 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Selection of palladium metallurgical parameters to achieve very high loading rations | loading, Pd, D2, preloading, ICCF-6, elecrolysis, D2O | It has been extensively proved that a threshold in D/Pd concentration must be overcome to observe the heat excess production phenomenon. However, it is very difficult to obtain Pd samples with an high loading ratio in a reproducible way, then the actual reproducibility of the cold fusion experiments is critical. We will show that strong concentration gradients arise in the material during the loading procedure so that permanent deformation can be produced. Loading dynamic and metallurgical parameters will both affect strongly the ultimate loading ratio achievable. Thus a loading procedure has been sel~cted such as to avoid the anaelastic strains of the alpha-beta phase, and its consequence in terms of elastic parameters has been evaluated. We studied, both experimentally and theoretically, the influence of Pd microstructure and dislocations on the loading ratio in order to select the material that better matches the cold fusion experiments requirements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=207 | ||
| 1025 | Journal Article | De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Violante, V. | 1997 | Deformations induced by high loading ratios in palladium-deuterium compounds | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Deformations induced by high loading ratios in palladium-deuterium compounds | Pd, loading, resistivity, cracking | ||||||||
| 1026 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., Antisari, M. V., Giangiordano, C. | 1998 | Material Science Aimed at Improving the Reproducibility of Heat Excess Experiments | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 103 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Material Science Aimed at Improving the Reproducibility of Heat Excess Experiments | Pd, structure, loading, grain size, layer, Ni, diffusion, resistivity, ICCF-7, electrolysis | We have studied the influence of the microstructure of Pd samples on the features of the Hydrogen(Deuterium) loading process in order to improve the reproducibility of excess heat experiments. We have found that the Pd grain size is a significative parameter affecting in a strong way both the loading kinetics and the maximum concentration. A careful check of the microstructure appears thus necessary in order to obtain high loading ratios. We make the hypothesis that this can be related to the role of the grain size both on the density of short circuit paths for fast diffusion and on the mechanical properties of the material, which influence the metal ability in relaxing the stress field generated at the sample surface by the solute concentration gradient. We started also the investigation on thin Pd films. Our main goal is to prepare, in a reproducible way, DlPd samples with a very high loading ratio (greater than 0.9) in order to systematically approach the main experimental problems of the excess heat production,others goals are the calorimetric system improvement and the detection of possible nuclear ashes production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=103 | ||
| 1027 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Violante, V., Scaramuzzi, F. | 1998 | Cold Fusion at ENEA Frascati: Progress Report | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 108 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Cold Fusion at ENEA Frascati: Progress Report | film, D2, D2O, Pd, Ni, loading, diffusion, stress, ICCF-7 | The resources dedicated by ENEA to Cold Fusion research in the last two years have been strongly reduced. Nevertheless, fruitful activity has been performed following two main lines. The first line attains to the effort for reaching high values of D/Pd ratio in Pd in order to obtain the best conditions for cold fusion phenomena, in particular power excess production in electrolytic cells. The outcome of this research is the definition of the starting characteristic of Pd (metallurgy), and the procedure for its loading with Deuterium. The calorimetry by now assessed at ENEA Frascati has been used for the detection of power excess. The second line concerns the attempt to detect in a clear way the production of 4He during the power excess episodes. A system aimed to the analysis of the gases evolving from the electrolytic cell is being realised and will be briefly described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DeNinnoAcoldfusion.pdf | ||
| 1028 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., Franttolillo, A., Rizzo, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Alessandrini, C. | 2000 | A New Method Aimed at Detecting Small Amounts of Helium in a Gaseous Mixture | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 29 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | A New Method Aimed at Detecting Small Amounts of Helium in a Gaseous Mixture | Helium, method, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1029 | Report | De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Rizzo, A., Del Gindice, E., Preparata, G. | 2002 | Experimental Evidence of 4He Production in a Cold Fusion Experiment | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 29 | ENEA - Unita Tecnico Scientfica Fusione Centro Ricerche Frascati, Roma | Experimental Evidence of 4He Production in a Cold Fusion Experiment | Cold fusion, mass spectroscopy, non equilibrium calorimetry, nuclear reactions in condensed matter, helium-4 | We report the simultaneous production of excess enthalpy and of 4He in a one dimensional Palladium (Pd) stripe cathode electrolytically loaded with Deuterium (D), occurring when the stoichiometric ratio x=[D]/[Pd] exceeds 1. The excess heat is signaled by the local temperature rise, measured by a commercial Peltier element in good thermal contact with the thin film cathode substrate. In order to detect the very small amount of 4He expected in the gas mixture exiting from the cell, we remove effectively all non inert components of the gas mixture (especially hydrogen isotopes) with a non-evaporable getter (NEG) pump. | RT/2002/41/FUS http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DeNinnoAexperiment.pdf | |||||
| 1030 | Conference Proceedings | De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Rizzo, A., Del Gindice, E. | 2003 | 4He Detection In A Cold Fusion Experiment | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | 4He Detection In A Cold Fusion Experiment | Excesses enthalpy consistent only with a nuclear process (deuterium fusion) has been claimed since 1989, even though these results are considered inconsistent with modern nuclear science and have been discarded by the most of nuclear scientists. We started an experimental programme aimed at probing these issues: Thermal anomalies can be observed only when the concentration x= [D]/[Pd] overcomes a threshold (x=1) [1]; This threshold can be easily obtained in a suitably Pd geometry; The thermal anomalies can be started and stopped controlling the experimental procedure; 4He is simultaneously generated, commensurate with the level of the excess enthalpy [2], [3], [4]. Understanding a triple coincidence - the reaching of the threshold of the D concentration in Pd, the appearance of the excess of enthalpy, and the appearance of 4He - is the primary objective of this investigation . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DeNinnoAhedetectio.pdf | ||||
| 1031 | Book Section | De Ninno, A., Del Giudice, E., Frattolillo, A. | 2008 | Excess Heat and Calorimetric Calculation: Evidence of Coherent Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter at Room Temperature | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Excess Heat and Calorimetric Calculation: Evidence of Coherent Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter at Room Temperature | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch007 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch007 | ||||||
| 1032 | Journal Article | De Ninno, A. | 2011 | Dynamics in Pd-H(D) Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Dynamics in Pd-H(D) Systems | Lattice dynamics, Low-energy nuclear reactions, Material science | PdH(D) showsmany peculiar aspects whichmake it unique both for solid state and forLENRphysics. Its most surprising characteristic is that it behaves like a stable dense plasma consisting of H(D) nuclei which can be well explained on the basis of an appropriate many-body model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=299 | ||||||
| 1033 | Journal Article | De Ninno, A., Bassignana, A., Musumeci, F., Tudisco, S., Cammarata, G. | 2016 | Nuclear Project: Preliminar Study of the Hydrogen Flux in Palladium Film under Electric Field | International J. of Heat and Technology, Vol = 34, Num = 1 | 27 Nuclear Project: Preliminar Study of the Hydrogen Flux in Palladium Film under Electric Field | palladium thin film | ||||||||
| 1034 | Journal Article | Deakin, M. R., Fox, J. D., Kemper, K. W., Myers, E. G., Shelton, W. N., Skofronick, J. G. | 1989 | Search for cold fusion using x-ray detection | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = R1851 | Search for cold fusion using x-ray detection | Pd, electrolysis, x-ray, D2O, negative | ||||||||
| 1035 | Journal Article | Dean, S. O. | 2004 | Fusion News: 2004 | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 23, Num = 3, Page = 137 | Fusion News: 2004 | review | ||||||||
| 1036 | Journal Article | DeChiaro, L., Forsley, L., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 2015 | Strained Layer Ferromagnetism in Transition Metals and its Impact Upon Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 1 Strained Layer Ferromagnetism in Transition Metals and its Impact Upon Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | DFT, Epitaxial, Ferromagnetism, LENR | Spin-polarized Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to model the lattice structures for the Transition Metal Group, Columns I and II, and a number of sp elements in the Periodic Table. Our results suggest that most of the transition metals can exhibit ferromagnetic ordering if the lattice is placed in sufficiently high tensile stress. These results are applied to the study of some layered structures employed by a number of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) research teams and may help to explain some of the anomalous results and the difficulty in reproduction of those results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 1037 | Report | Defkalion | 2011 | Defkalion Green Technologies: Company Overview, Market Strategy, Global Positioning | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | Athens, Greece | Defkalion Green Technologies: Company Overview, Market Strategy, Global Positioning heat | nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat | Defkalion Green Technologies s.a. was established to manufacture and market products based on the E-Cat, which was invented by Andrea Rossi. We are undertaking a path from invention to industrialization on a global scale. There is no government financing involved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Defkaliondefkaliong.pdf | |||||
| 1038 | Journal Article | Degwekar, S. B., Srinivasan, M. | 1990 | A simple dead time method for measuring the fraction of bunched neutronic emission in cold fusion experiments | Ann. Nucl. Energy, Vol = 17 | A simple dead time method for measuring the fraction of bunched neutronic emission in cold fusion experiments | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 1039 | Journal Article | Dekhtyar, I. Ya., Shevchenko, V. S. | 1972 | Positron Annihilation in the System Palladium-Hydrogen | Phys. Stat. Sol. B, Vol = 49 | Positron Annihilation in the System Palladium-Hydrogen | positron, PdH | ||||||||
| 1040 | Conference Proceedings | Del Giudice, E., De Ninno, A., Franttolillo, A., Preparata, G., Scaramuzzi, F., Bulfone, A., Cola, M., Giannetti, C. | 2000 | The Fleischmann-Pons Effect in a Novel Electrolytic Configuration | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 47 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | The Fleischmann-Pons Effect in a Novel Electrolytic Configuration | layer, Pd, Coehn, heat+, D2O, electrolysis, resistivity, loading, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1041 | Conference Proceedings | Del Giudice, E., De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Preparata, G., Scaramuzzi, F., Tripodi, P. | 2000 | Loading Palladium with Deuterium Gas while Lowering Temperature | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 211 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Loading Palladium with Deuterium Gas while Lowering Temperature | loading, Pd, D2, ICCF-8, layer | ||||
| 1042 | Conference Proceedings | Del Giudice, E., De Ninno, A., Fleischmann, M., Frattolillo, A., Mengoli, G. | 2002 | Loading of H(D) in a Pd lattice | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Loading of H(D) in a Pd lattice 3994 | ICCF-9, loading, electrolysis, D2O, Pd, theory, Preparata effect | The aim of the present contribution is to summarize what we have learnt in the last years about the ways and the means through which we are able to reach high loadings (x=D/Pd >1) in Pd-D systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DelGiudiceloadingofh.pdf | |||
| 1043 | Conference Proceedings | Del Giudice, E., De Ninno, A., Frattolillo, A., Porcu, M., Rizzo, A. | 2002 | Production of excess enthalpy in the electrolysis of D2O on Pd cathodes | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Production of excess enthalpy in the electrolysis of D2O on Pd cathodes 3995 | ICCF-9, heat, electrolysis, D2O, Pd, 4He | INTRODUCTION We report the preliminary results of an experiment aimed at detecting the simultaneous production of excess heat and 4He in Palladium cathodes loaded with Deuterium up to a stoichiometric ratio x=D/Pd larger than 1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DelGiudiceproduction.pdf | |||
| 1044 | Conference Proceedings | Del Giudice, E., De Ninno, A. | 2003 | Are Nuclear Transmutations Observed At Low Energies Consequences Of Qed Coherence? | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Are Nuclear Transmutations Observed At Low Energies Consequences Of Qed Coherence? | theory | Nuclear transmutations have been reported to occur in matrices subjected to either electrochemical or gas loading at room temperature. To overcome the difficulties of the large Coulomb repulsion among nuclei a γ-ray electromagnetic field appears? as a suitable agent. It is discussed whether this e.m. excitation could emerge from cold fusion processes and induce nuclear reactions through the giant resonance coupling of this e.m. field with the closed shells present in the nuclei of the matrix. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DelGiudicearenuclear.pdf | |||
| 1045 | Journal Article | Delley, B. | 1989 | Effect of electronic screening on cold-nuclear-fusion rates | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 10 | Effect of electronic screening on cold-nuclear-fusion rates | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1046 | Journal Article | Demanins, F., Graziani, M., Kaspar, J., Modesti, S., Raicich, F., Rosei, R., Tommasini, F., Trovarelli, A. | 1989 | Search for the neutron production in niobium deuteride | Solid State Commun., Vol = 71 | Search for the neutron production in niobium deuteride | Nb, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 1047 | Journal Article | Demidenko, V. S., Simakov, V. I. | 1993 | The state of deuterium and probability of cold nuclear fusion in solids | Izv. Vysch. Uchebn. Zaved. Fiz., Vol = 36, Num = 10, Page = 20 (in Russian) | The state of deuterium and probability of cold nuclear fusion in solids | Theory | ||||||||
| 1048 | Journal Article | Derjaguin, B. V., Lipson, A. G., Kluev, V. A., Sakov, D. M., Toporov, Yu. P | 1989 | Titanium fracture yields neutrons? | Nature (London), Vol = 341 | Titanium fracture yields neutrons? | fractofusion, TiD, LiD | ||||||||
| 1049 | Journal Article | Derjaguin, B. V., Kluev, V. A., Lipson, A. G., Toporov, Yu. P. | 1990 | Excitation of nuclear reaction under mechanical effect (impact) on deuterated solids | Physica B, Vol = 167 | Excitation of nuclear reaction under mechanical effect (impact) on deuterated solids | fractofusion, LiOD, neutron | ||||||||
| 1050 | Journal Article | Deryagin, B. V., Klyuev, V. A., Lipson, A. G., Toporov, Yu. P. | 1986 | Possibility of nuclear reactions during the fracture of solids | Colloid J. USSR, Vol = 48 | Possibility of nuclear reactions during the fracture of solids | fractofusion, D2O., H2O, ice, neutron | ||||||||
| 1051 | Journal Article | Deryagin, B. V., Andriankin, E. I., Lipson, A. G., Metelkin, E. V., Sakov, D. M., Fedorovich, G. V. | 1994 | On the possibility of initiation of nuclear fusion in deuterated ferroelectrics by polarisation reversal waves at T < Tc | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 334, Num = 3, Page = 291 (in Russian) | On the possibility of initiation of nuclear fusion in deuterated ferroelectrics by polarisation reversal waves at T < Tc | Theory, ferroelectric, neutron | ||||||||
| 1052 | Journal Article | Deryagin, B. V., Andriankin, E. I., Kutikov, A. A., Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Fedorovich, G. V. | 1994 | On the initiation of the nuclear fusion reaction in deuterated ferroelectric at its polarisation reversal induced by an electric field | Dokl, Akad. Nauk SSSR, Vol = 336 | On the initiation of the nuclear fusion reaction in deuterated ferroelectric at its polarisation reversal induced by an electric field | Theory, ferroelectrics, polarisation reversal, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1053 | Journal Article | Di Giulio, M., Filippo, E., Manno, D., Nassisi, V. | 2002 | Analysis of Nuclear Transmutations Observed in D- and H-Loaded Films | J. Hydrogen Eng., Vol = 27 | Analysis of Nuclear Transmutations Observed in D- and H-Loaded Films | transmutation. gas loading, Pd, D2, laser, H2 | ||||||||
| 1054 | Journal Article | Di Tommaso, A. O., Vassallo, G. | 2019 | Electron Structure, Ultra-dense Hydrogen and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Electron Structure, Ultra-dense Hydrogen and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Aharonov-Bohm equations, Aneutronic and many-body low energy nuclear reactions, Compact structures, De Broglie wavelength, Electron structure | In this paper, a simple Zitterbewegung electron model, proposed in a previous work, is presented from a different perspective based on the principle of mass-frequency equivalence. A geometric-electromagnetic interpretation of mass, relativistic mass, De Broglie wavelength, Proca, Klein-Gordon, Dirac and Aharonov-Bohm equations in agreement with the model is proposed. A non-relativistic, Zitterbewegung interpretation of the 3.7 keV deep hydrogen level found by J. Naudts is presented. According to this perspective, ultra-dense hydrogen can be conceived as a coherent chain of bosonic electrons with protons or deuterons located in the center of their Zitterbewegung orbits. This approach suggests a possible role of ultra-dense hydrogen in some aneutronic and many-body low energy nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=534 | ||||||
| 1055 | Journal Article | Dickinson, J. T., Jensen, L. C., Langford, S. C., Ryan, R. R., Garcia, E. | 1990 | Fracto-emission from deuterated titanium: Supporting evidence for a fracto-fusion mechanism | J. Mater. Res., Vol = 5 | Fracto-emission from deuterated titanium: Supporting evidence for a fracto-fusion mechanism | fractofusion, Ti, light, radio emisssion, particle emission | ||||||||
| 1056 | Journal Article | Didenko, Y., Suslick, K. | 2002 | The energy efficiency of formation of photons, radicals and ions during single-bubble cavitation | Nature (London), Vol = 418 | The energy efficiency of formation of photons, radicals and ions during single-bubble cavitation | Sonofusion | ||||||||
| 1057 | Journal Article | Didyk, A., Wisniewski, R. | 2014 | Changes Observed in the Elemental Composition of Palladium and Rhenium Specimens Irradiated in Dense Deuterium by gamma-Quanta with Boundary of Energy 23 MeV | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 89-105 Changes Observed in the Elemental Composition of Palladium and Rhenium Specimens Irradiated in Dense Deuterium by gamma-Quanta with Boundary of Energy 23 MeV | Chain reaction of deuterium heating, Dense deuterium gas, Elastic and inelastic scattering, 2H-induced reactions, High pressure, Photon absorption and scattering | We have studied the elemental composition of palladium and rhenium specimens irradiated in dense gaseous deuterium by gamma-quanta of a continuous spectrum with the threshold energy of 23 MeV. Significant anomalies are found in the structure and elemental composition of the irradiated specimens. At both ends of the palladium wire considerable changes are observed in the form of blowouts (resembling congealed ?olar protuberances?) of molten metal with complex elemental composition. The palladium surface proved to be covered with small particles, approximately 1?2 ? in size, composed of rhenium oxide Re2O7 , while near the cracks and fractures the surface was covered with rhenium, carbon and oxygen crystallites of hexagonal symmetry. The entire surface of the rhenium sample became cracked and coated with a thick layer of carbon compounds with rhenium as RexCy . The phenomenological model of nuclear reactions leading to the observed elemental composition of rhenium and palladium is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=99 | ||||||
| 1058 | Journal Article | Dienes, J. K. | 1991 | On nuclear reactions in defects | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | On nuclear reactions in defects | Theory, distance | ||||||||
| 1059 | Journal Article | Dignan, T. G., Bruington, M. C., Johnson, R. T., Bland, R. W. | 1990 | A search for neutrons from fusion in a highly deuterated cooled palladium thin film | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 469 | A search for neutrons from fusion in a highly deuterated cooled palladium thin film | Pd-Ir ion bombardment, loading, neutron, gamma emission, D+ | ||||||||
| 1060 | Journal Article | Dillon, C. T., Kennedy, B. J. | 1993 | The electrochemically formed palladium-deuterium system. I. Surface composition and morphology | Aust. J. Chem., Vol = 46 | The electrochemically formed palladium-deuterium system. I. Surface composition and morphology | electrolysis, surface analysis D2O transmutation loading Pd | ||||||||
| 1061 | Journal Article | Dillon, C. T., Kennedy, B. J., Elcombe, M. M. | 1993 | The electrochemically formed palladium-deuterium system. II. In situ neutron diffraction studies | Aust. J. Chem., Vol = 46 | The electrochemically formed palladium-deuterium system. II. In situ neutron diffraction studies | Pd, electrolysis, crystal structure, neutron diffraction, surface, D2O, loading | ||||||||
| 1062 | Conference Proceedings | Ding, Y., Liaw, B. Y. | 1993 | Electrochemical Characterization of Ni in Hydride-containing Molten Salts | 9th International Conf. on Solid State Ionics | The Hague, The Netherlands | Sept. 12-17, 1993 | Electrochemical Characterization of Ni in Hydride-containing Molten Salts | Ni, molten Salt, LiCl-KCl, Fused Salt | ||||||
| 1063 | Conference Proceedings | Dini, D. | 1990 | Why 'Cold' and 'Warm' Fusion Reaction Plants for Producinbg Useful Energy are Very Far From Now | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 153 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Why 'Cold' and 'Warm' Fusion Reaction Plants for Producinbg Useful Energy are Very Far From Now | Commercialization | |||||
| 1064 | Journal Article | Divisek, J., Fuerst, L., Balej, J. | 1989 | Energy balance of D2O electrolysis with a palladium cathode. Part II. Experimental results | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 278 | Energy balance of D2O electrolysis with a palladium cathode. Part II. Experimental results | Pd, heat, recombination, surface analysis, electrolysis, D2O, loading, transmutation | ||||||||
| 1065 | Journal Article | Dmitrenko, V. N., Dryapachenko, I. P., Sokolov, M. V. | 1991 | On the possibility of the study of electron screening in three-particle nuclear reactions | Ukr. Fiz. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), Vol = 36 | On the possibility of the study of electron screening in three-particle nuclear reactions | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1066 | Conference Proceedings | Dmitriyeva, O., Cantwell, R., McConnell, M., Moddel, G. | 2011 | Mechanisms for heat generated during deuterium loading of alumina-based Pd nanoparticle material (PowerPoint slides) | ACS National Meeting | Anaheim, CA | Mechanisms for heat generated during deuterium loading of alumina-based Pd nanoparticle material (PowerPoint slides) | heat | Recent studies on gas-loading of Pd nanoparticle materials have demonstrated consistent and repeatable anomalous heat production in the presence of deuterium gas [1-4]. Our group has confirmed anomalous heat production in zeolite and alumina powders containing Pd nanoparticles and found additional features. Investigations at low pressure and slow loading showed a clear association between exothermic and endothermic features and the presence of specific chemical species. These provide insight into the underlying mechanisms and the crucial question as to the origins of the anomalous heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Dmitriyevamechanisms.pdf | |||||
| 1067 | Conference Paper | Dmitriyeva, O., Cantwell, R., McConnell, D., Moddel, G. | 2012 | Control of excess heat production in Pd-impregnated alumina powder (PowerPoint slides) | 10th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen Loaded Metals | Excess heat | We carried out an experimental study of excess heat production during deuterium loading of Pd-impregnated alumina.? Earlier studies [1,2] have shown that a hydrogen-deuterium (H/D) exchange chemical reaction can account for at least some of excess heat observed during gas-loading experiments. In this work we show that excess heat contributed by H/D exchange can be eliminated by prebaking the material in vacuum at 390?, due to the removal of residual water from the material. After the material is given the opportunity to reabsorb water from air the reaction and excess heat production in the presence of deuterium resumes. Our calculations on the energy available from H/D exchange show that all the excess heat observed during our experiment can be accounted for by this chemical reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Dmitriyevacontrolofe.pdf | |||||||
| 1068 | Conference Paper | Dmitriyeva, O., Cantwell, R., McConnell, D., Moddel, G. | 2012 | Effect of temperature gradient on calorimetric measurements during gas-loading experiments (PowerPoint slides) | 10th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen Loaded Metals | Excess heat | We studied the influence of the temperature gradient on heat measurements during gas-loading experiments. The quasi isothermal chamber that we conducted our experiments in is built to keep the inside temperature uniform. However, when experimenting at the elevated temperatures above 200? nonuniformities induced by the air flow inside the chamber produce local hot and cold spots. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Dmitriyevaeffectofte.pdf | |||||||
| 1069 | Journal Article | Dmitriyeva, O., Cantwell, R., McConnell, M. | 2012 | Mechanisms for Heat Generation during Deuterium and Hydrogen Loading of Palladium Nanostructures | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 29-36 Mechanisms for Heat Generation during Deuterium and Hydrogen Loading of Palladium Nanostructures | Excess heat, Gas-loading, Isotope effect, Nanoparticles, Palladium | Our group has confirmed excess heat production and isotope effects in alumina and zeolite powders containing highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles. Varying the pressures and loading rates produced correlations between the exothermic and endothermic aspects of the experiments. It was shown that the generated power is proportional to the pressurization rate times a quantity Φ, which is the energy content of what we called 'fuel'. There are two types of fuels, both of which can trigger the reaction that can be either exothermic or endothermic depending on the gas used in the experiment (deuterium or hydrogen). Observed heat generation during the pressurization phase is most likely of a chemical nature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=35 | ||||||
| 1070 | Journal Article | Dmitriyeva, O., Moddel, G., Cantwell, R., McConnell, M. | 2013 | Using Bakeout to Eliminate Heat from H/D Exchange During Hydrogen Isotope Loading of Pd-impregnated Alumina Powder | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | Using Bakeout to Eliminate Heat from H/D Exchange During Hydrogen Isotope Loading of Pd-impregnated Alumina Powder | Excess heat, Gas-loading, H/D Exchange, LENR, Pd | Earlier studies [1,2] have shown that a hydrogen?euterium (H/D) exchange chemical reaction initiated in Pd-impregnated material can account for at least some of the excess heat observed during gas-loading experiments. We report on using in-situ material bakeout for an extended time to assess and eliminate the chemical heat contribution. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=18 | ||||||
| 1071 | Journal Article | Dmitriyeva, O., Cantwell, R., Moddel, G. | 2014 | Measurement Artifacts in Gas-loading Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 106-113 Measurement Artifacts in Gas-loading Experiments | Calibration, Gas-loading, Heat, Measurement, Palladium | Numerous reports on gas loading of hydrogen isotope into powdered materials indicate excess heat generation that could be the result of a low energy nuclear reaction (LENR). When the amount of generated heat is small, it is important to characterize the calorimeter to account for possible measurement errors, or artifacts, which can result in long-term apparent excess heat. In this paper we investigate one of those possible measurement artifacts applicable to the gas loading systems that (1) use thermometry as a proxy for energy flow measurements, and (2) run at elevated temperatures. When loading gas into Pd-impregnated alumina, we have found that thermal gradients inside the system result in apparent heating or cooling of the measuring system. We experimentally magnified this effect and confirmed that it was due to temperature nonuniformity inside the calorimetric system. We quantified the effect using a numerical simulation tool to show that a temperature gradient as small as 0.5 K/m might result in 50 mW of apparent excess heat ?eneration?. We suggest a simple approach for investigators to account for this measurement artifact by calibrating their systems with helium gas either prior to, or at the end of, the experimental sequence. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=116 | ||||||
| 1072 | Conference Proceedings | Dmitriyeva, O., Knies, D., Hamm, S., Cantwell, R., McConnell, M. | 2015 | Role of dopants in deuterium loading during electrochemical experiment (PowerPoint slides) | ICCF19 conference | Role of dopants in deuterium loading during electrochemical experiment (PowerPoint slides) | Density functional theory was applied to study the hydrogen/deuterium evolution reaction on the palladium surface. High deuterium loading ratio ( > 0.9 ) has been identified as a necessary condition for initiating low energy nuclear reaction in palladium material. However, electrochemical loading of deuterium to the concentrations above 0.75 has its own challenges. While loading concentrations above 0.95 have been reported, the mechanism responsible for such elevated loading levels is still unknown. Our recent experiments gave an indication that the use of certain dopants modifies the process of deuterium adsorption on palladium surfaces. Such modifications promote deuterium loading to higher concentrations. We provide a detailed explanation on how the presence of dopants changes the activation overpotential and alter the deuterium escape kinetics during the evolution reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Dmitriyevaroleofdopa.pdf | |||||||
| 1073 | Conference Proceedings | Dmitriyeva, O., McConnell, M., Goulet, E., Cantwell, R. | 2015 | Machine learning to analyze deuterium loading patterns during electrochemical experiments (PowerPoint slides) | ICCF19 conference | Machine learning to analyze deuterium loading patterns during electrochemical experiments (PowerPoint slides) | Machine learning is an effective and powerful computational approach that can be successfully applied towards a vast variety of engineering and scientific problems. The key to the approach is to generalize from the observed data to predict the behavior of the system and recognize the correlations and patterns. We discuss the implementation of machine learning algorithms to analyze experimental electrochemical data obtained in our lab. We use the supervised and unsupervised learning approaches to train the algorithms to recognize patterns in deuterium loading in palladium electrodes. Our analysis reveals important material parameters and experimental conditions that alter loading ratio. Open-source Python-based implementation along with the use of MongoDB relational database makes the data manipulation fast and effective. More than two decades of collective efforts resulted in significant LENR experimental data pool. Applying learning algorithms for data analysis can provide some important insight to what the nature of the phenomenon is. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Dmitriyevamachinelea.pdf | |||||||
| 1074 | Journal Article | Dmitriyeva, O., Cantwell, R., McConnell, D. | 2015 | Numerical Modeling of H2 Molecule Formation within Near-surface Voids in Pd and Ni Metals in the Presence of Impurities | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 195 Numerical Modeling of H2 Molecule Formation within Near-surface Voids in Pd and Ni Metals in the Presence of Impurities | DFT, Impurities, LENR, Palladium, Surface, Vacancy | We have used density functional theory (DFT) to investigate crucial material parameters that can promote a low energy nuclear reaction (LENR). This approach significantly decreases the experimental burden involved into material fabrication and testing. It also provides the foundation for systematical study and optimization of important material properties. We focused on three characteristics to describe the LENR environment: (1) a high hydrogen isotope loading ratio, (2) the presence of dopants or impurities, and (3) material morphology. We chose two figures of merit to characterize those environments: hydrogen adsorption energy on metal surface and H2 bond length. We showed that high hydrogen loading and the presence of impurities in Pd and Ni can lower the adsorption energy, thus increasing hydrogen surface mobility potentially improving the reaction rate. Another factor that would increase the fusion probability is the distance between two hydrogen atoms. We demonstrated that a hydrogen molecule can be formed in a near-surface void in Pd and Ni at the bond length of 0.70?0.74 ?. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=202 | ||||||
| 1075 | Report | DOE | 2004 | Report of the Review of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Department of Energy, Office of Science | Report of the Review of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Review | Introduction The Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science (SC) was approached in late 2003 by a group of scientists who requested that the Department revisit the question of scientific evidence for low energy nuclear reactions. In 1987 Pons and Fleischman first reported the production of 'excess' heat in a Pd electrochemical cell, and postulated that this was due to D-D fusion (D=deuterium), sometimes referred to as 'cold fusion.' The work was reviewed in 1989 by the Energy Research Advisory Board (ERAB) of the DOE. ERAB did not recommend the establishment of special programs within DOE devoted to the science of low energy fusion, but supported funding of peer-reviewed experiments for further investigations. Since 1989, research programs in cold fusion have been supported by various universities, private industry, and government agencies in several countries. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DOEreportofth.pdf | |||||
| 1076 | Report | DOE | 2004 | 2004 U.S. Department of Energy Cold Fusion Review Reviewer Comments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Department of Energy, Office of Science | 2004 U.S. Department of Energy Cold Fusion Review Reviewer Comments | Eighteen anonymous reviews of cold fusion gather by the DoE for the 2004 Report of the Review of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DOEusdepartme.pdf | ||||||
| 1077 | Conference Proceedings | Dolan, T. J. | 2002 | An outsider's view of cold fusion | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | An outsider's view of cold fusion 3996 | review, ICCF-9 | An outsider's views are presented on ICCF-9, on cold fusion research issues, and on suggestions for improvement. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DolanTJanoutsider.pdf | |||
| 1078 | Report | Dolan, T. J. | 2005 | Notes from the 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Sciences | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Yokohama, Japan | Notes from the 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Sciences | Review | The following brief summary refers to only some of the 60 papers presented at the conference. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DolanTJnotesfromt.pdf | |||||
| 1079 | Conference Proceedings | Dolan, T. J., Zuppero, A. | 2019 | Heavy Electron Catalysis of Nuclear Reactions | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Heavy Electron Catalysis of Nuclear Reactions | We hypothesize that we can make some electrons heavy by crystal momentum injection, and that the heavy electrons can catalyze nuclear reactions, similar to muon catalyzed fusion reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DolanTJheavyelect.pdf | ||||||
| 1080 | Report | Dominguez, D. D., Hagans, P. L., Imam, M. A. | 1996 | A Summary of NRL Research on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Palladium Electrochemical Systems | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Washington | A Summary of NRL Research on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Palladium Electrochemical Systems | Pd, electrolysis, heat+, neutron, gamma | Claims of excess power produced in electrochemical cells have been made by many investigators including those from two Navy laboratories. The excess power reportedly occurs in palladium electrodes highly loaded with deuterium. Other anomalous effects such helium-4, tritium and low energy radiation production have also been reported. This report summarizes the experimental results from a number of electrochemical loading/calorimetric experiments on palladium electrodes run at NRL. The experiments were carried out with the purpose of replicating the published excess power results obtained at the other Navy laboratories and with the goal of identifying the experimental conditions necessary to produce anomalous effects. Most of the experiments described were attempts to electrolytically load pure palladium or palladium alloy cathodes with deuterium (or hydrogen) and then to measure the power produced in the electrolytic cells. Loading was monitored in situ by measuring the change in the axial resistance of the cathode and comparing the measure values with the known relationship between resistance and the D(H)/Pd atomic ratios. While attaining high levels of deuterium loading in palladium cathodes was difficult we found that using materials with a large grain microstructure facilitated the loading. Calorimetric measurements on the highly loaded cathodes were initially made in isoperibol calorimeters that had a sensitivity of ?10%. No excess power (200 mW) and no radiation above the background were measured in any of the experiments described. Highly sensitive heat conduction calorimeters were evaluated for their use with the electrochemical cells. Results showed that measurements at the ?10 mW level were possible in the heat conduction calorimeters when data were collected frequently and signal averaging was used. Another experiment that was investigated was the electrochemical codeposition of palladium and deuterium on cathodes. Again, no radiation above background levels was detected in these experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DominguezDasummaryof.pdf | |||||
| 1081 | Conference Proceedings | Dominguez, D. D., Hagans, P. L., Imam, M. A. | 1996 | The effect of microstructure on deuterium loading in palladium cathodes | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 239 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | The effect of microstructure on deuterium loading in palladium cathodes | Pd, loading, grain-size, electrolysis, ICCF-6 | The effect of micro structure on deuterium loading in palladium cathodes was investigated. Cathode micro structure is determined by thermomechanical processing that includes electrode deformation (swaging) and the annealing conditions (time and temperature). Results will be presented on the extent of deuterium loading in rod-shaped (0.4 cm in diameter and 3.5 cm long) cathodes with controlled microstructure produced at The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Loading on NRL cathodes will be compared with that attained on commercially available electrodes routinely used at other laboratories. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DominguezDtheeffecto.pdf | ||
| 1082 | Conference Proceedings | Dominguez, D. D., Kidwell, D., Hubler, G. K., Cheng, S-F., Imam, M. A., Grabowski, K. S., Knies, D., DeChiaro, L., Moser, A. E., He, J., Violante, V. | 2012 | Anomalous Results in Fleischmann-Pons Type Electrochemical Experiments (PowerPoint slides) | 17th International Conference on Cold Fusion | Anomalous Results in Fleischmann-Pons Type Electrochemical Experiments (PowerPoint slides) | excess heat | Presentation Outline: Generation of FPE * The addition of metals/metal salts to shorten time to onset of effect * Focus on Pd 90% Rh 10% cathode material Steps taken to confirm results * Improved electrochemical cell design to eliminate the possibility of shorts to ground being mistaken for excess heat * Implemented many additional cell diagnostics (Used redundant measurements for independent verification) * Attempted to 'crash' the VSP and initiate excess heat and | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DominguezDanomalousr.pdf | ||||||
| 1083 | Journal Article | Dominguez, D. D., Kidwell, D., Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., Hubler, G. K., He, J., Violante, V. | 2012 | Are Oxide Interfaces Necessary in Fleischmann-Pons-type Experiments? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 219-230 Are Oxide Interfaces Necessary in Fleischmann-Pons-type Experiments? | Chemical additives, Deuterated palladium cathodes, Electrochemical, Excess power | The generation of excess power in a palladium deuteride electrochemical system is often difficult and time consuming. Long incubation times, on the order of weeks or months, are necessary presumably for the basic electrolyte to dissolve and redeposit essential impurities onto the cathode surface. To accelerate this process, we added chemical additives to the electrolyte once the palladium was loaded with deuterium. Chemicals that produce oxide interfaces on the palladium surface seemed to occasionally produce apparent excess power. A single Pd90Rh10 cathode generated a total apparent excess energy on the order of 10 kJ after a series of additions in an experiment that only took one week. The results are encouraging and may lead to an understanding of what triggers excess power production in Fleischmann-Pons-type experiments. A hypothetical model describing the possible role of oxide interfaces is described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=225 | ||||||
| 1084 | Journal Article | Dominguez, D. D., Moser, A. E., He, J. | 2014 | Evidence for Excess Energy in Fleischmann?ons-Type Electrochemical Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 15-28 Evidence for Excess Energy in Fleischmann?ons-Type Electrochemical Experiments | Calorimetry, Deuterium , Excess energy, Palladium | The production of excess energy in palladium cathodes electrochemically loaded with deuterium (the Fleischmann?ons Experiment) has been debated in the literature since its first publication in 1989. In a subset of 61 trials, we electrochemically loaded palladium?hodium foil cathodes with deuterium from alkaline solutions of heavy water in specially designed closed calorimeter cells. We observed excess energy bursts in the range 2.4?44.3 kJ in 6% of these experiments. Additionally, a conservative estimate of the total integrated output energy is greater than the total integrated input energy in these experiments. This paper documents the steps taken to examine these results thoroughly for calibration/measurement errors and instrumental artifacts. A 2.4 kJ energy burst is at least four times greater than the energy released by oxidizing deuterium in the cell headspace. The data and subsequent elimination of alternative explanations for excess energy production lead us to conclude that the excess energy is real and of yet unknown origin. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=21 | ||||||
| 1085 | Journal Article | Dong, S. Y., Wang, K. L., Feng, Y., Chang, L., Luo, C. M., Hu, R. Y., Zhou, P. L., Mo, D. W., Zhu, Y. F., Song, C .L., Chen, Y. T., Yao, M. Y., Ren, C., Chen, Q. K., Li, X. Z. | 1991 | Precursors to 'cold fusion' phenomenon and the detection of energetic charged particles in deuterium/solid systems | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Precursors to 'cold fusion' phenomenon and the detection of energetic charged particles in deuterium/solid systems | Pd, Ti, D2, emr, UV, x-ray, theory, CR-39, particle emission | ||||||||
| 1086 | Journal Article | Dong, Q., Qiu, W., Gan, F., Cai, N. | 1992 | Studies on behavior of deuterium and hydrogen in palladium' | Chem. J. Chin. Univ, Vol = 13, Num = 6, Page = 847 (in Chinese) | Studies on behavior of deuterium and hydrogen in palladium' | positron,, diffusion, loading | ||||||||
| 1087 | Journal Article | Dong, Z. M., Liang, C. L., Liu, B., Wei, Q., Tian, J., Zheng, S., Yu, J. Z., Li, X. Z. | 2011 | Studies on Anomalous Phenomena of D/Pd Systems using a Gas-loading Process - A Stride Towards Neutrino Detection | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Studies on Anomalous Phenomena of D/Pd Systems using a Gas-loading Process - A Stride Towards Neutrino Detection | Deuterium/Palladium system, Gas-loading, Neutrino detection, Pumping effect | A brief reviewof 20 years of experiments at Tsinghua University confirms anomalous phenomena during gas loading in D/Pd systems. A scale-up of the experiment would make it feasible to test the hypothesis that neutrinos are emitted during these phenomena (the ?eutrino conjecture?). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=127 | ||||||
| 1088 | Journal Article | Dong, Z. M., Liang, C. L., Li, X. Z. | 2015 | Condensed matter nuclear science research status in China | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 594 Condensed matter nuclear science research status in China | |||||||||
| 1089 | Journal Article | Dong, Z. M., Liang, C. L., Li, X. Z., Zheng, S. X. | 2019 | Temperature Dependence of Excess Power in Both Electrolysis and Gas-loading Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Temperature Dependence of Excess Power in Both Electrolysis and Gas-loading Experiments | Deuterium flux, Gas-loading experiment, NAE, NAZ, Pumping effect, Resonant surface capture model, Temperature dependence of excess heat | The earlier data from a ?eat after Death? electrolysis experiment and from a Tsinghua University gas-loading experiment are reviewed to show that temperature dependence of excess heat in both electrolysis and gas-loading experiments supports the straight-line behaviour in the semi-logarithmic plot discovered by Storms. Additional gas-loading data in seven Pd-tubes show that excess heat is correlated to a deuterium flux as a result of the diffusion process which is implied in this temperature dependence of excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=94 | ||||||
| 1090 | Journal Article | Donne, A. J. H., Oomens, A. A. M. | 1990 | Zon op Aarde (Sun on Earth) | Natuur en Technik, Vol = 58, Num = 2, Page = 118 (in Dutch) | Zon op Aarde (Sun on Earth) | history | ||||||||
| 1091 | Journal Article | Donohue, D. L., Petek, M. | 1991 | Isotopic measurements of palladium metal containing protium and deuterium by glow discharge mass spectrometry | Anal. Chem., Vol = 63 | Isotopic measurements of palladium metal containing protium and deuterium by glow discharge mass spectrometry | electrolysis Pd, isotope change, D2O, surface analysis H/D | ||||||||
| 1092 | Conference Proceedings | Dougar-Jabon, V. D., Kariaka, V. I., Samsonenko, N. V. | 2000 | Study of the Neutron and g-Emission from the Palladium-Deuterium System in the Process of the Transformation of the Crystalline Structure | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 219 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Study of the Neutron and g-Emission from the Palladium-Deuterium System in the Process of the Transformation of the Crystalline Structure | neutron, gamma emission Pd, PdD, phase transition ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1093 | Journal Article | Dragan, G. | 1991 | Topoenergetic evidence of cold fusion phenomena | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Topoenergetic evidence of cold fusion phenomena | theory, critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 1094 | Journal Article | Dragic, A., Maric, Z. | 1997 | Comment on 'On the Barut-Vigier model of the hydrogen atom' by Samsonenko et al | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 229 | Comment on 'On the Barut-Vigier model of the hydrogen atom' by Samsonenko et al | theory | ||||||||
| 1095 | Journal Article | Dragic, A., Maric, Z., Vigier, J. P. | 2000 | New quantum mechanical tight bound states and 'cold fusion' | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 265 | New quantum mechanical tight bound states and 'cold fusion' | Theory | ||||||||
| 1096 | Conference Proceedings | Drexler, J. | 1992 | Electrodeless, Multi-Megawatt Reactor for Room-Temperature, Lithium-6/Deuterium Nuclear Reactions | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 255 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Electrodeless, Multi-Megawatt Reactor for Room-Temperature, Lithium-6/Deuterium Nuclear Reactions | heat, lithium | This paper describes a reactor design to facilitate a room-temperature nuclear fusion/fission reaction to generate heat without generating unwanted neutrons, gamma rays, tritium, or other radioactive products. The room-temperature fusion/fission reaction involves the sequential triggering of billions of single-molecule, Li6D 'fusion energy pellets' distributed in lattices of a palladium ion accumulator that also acts as a catalyst to produce the molecules of Li6D from a solution comprising D2O, Li6OD with O2 gas bubbling through it. The D2 gas is the source of the negative deuterium ions in the Li60 molecules. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=397 | ||
| 1097 | Patent | Drexler, J. | 1994 | Self-catalyzed nuclear fusion of lithium-6 and deuterium using alpha particles | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, \'Frontiers of Cold Fusion\', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 255 | World WO 94/16446 | Tertiary Self-catalyzed nuclear fusion of lithium-6 and deuterium using alpha particles Self-catalyzed nuclear fusion of lithium-6 and deuterium using alpha particles | method, patent | |||||||
| 1098 | Journal Article | Driscoll, J., Horton, M., Kowalski, L., Lohstreter, P. | 2011 | Issues Related to Reproducibility in a CMNS Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Issues Related to Reproducibility in a CMNS Experiment | Cold Fusion, CMNS, LENR, Nuclear Reactions | Unexplained emission of charged nuclear projectiles due to electrolysis has been reported by Richard Oriani. Experimental results were said to be highly reproducible. Working independently, we were not able to observe emission of charged nuclear particles (in a chemical process similar to Oriani's) and therefore are unable to provide supporting evidence that the effect is reproducible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=40 | ||||||
| 1099 | Report | Droege, T. F. | 1990 | A Discussion of an H2O run which followed Operation with D20 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | A Discussion of an H2O run which followed Operation with D20 | Pd, D2O, H2O, heat+, effect of H2O | ||||||||
| 1100 | Conference Proceedings | Droege, L. J., Droege, T. F. | 1990 | A Zero Gradient Calorimeter for the Measurement of Anomalous Heat from the Electrolysis of Deuterated Metals | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 229 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | A Zero Gradient Calorimeter for the Measurement of Anomalous Heat from the Electrolysis of Deuterated Metals | heat, method, ICCF-1 | A null balance calorimeter has been designed for the measurement of anomalous heat in electrolytic cells containing deuterium and palladium. Early measurements indicate an accuracy of less than 1% of the total energy processed through the calorimeter. Anomalous heat has been observed at the 4% level for palladium cathodes, or 4w per cc. Measurements have been made of cathode material resistance change and cathode gas absorption during electrolysis. Cell voltage variations over time have been correlated with cell gas evolution. Attempts have been made to correlate radiation with cell activity. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=248 | ||
| 1101 | Conference Proceedings | Droege, T. F., Droege, L. J. | 1991 | An Improved Zero Gradient Calorimeter For the Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 243 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | An Improved Zero Gradient Calorimeter For the Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena | heat, apparatus, method, ICCF-2 | A second generation no balance calorimeter has been constructed for measuring anomalous heat in electrolytic cells. This calorimeter is similar in concept to an isothermal calorimeter except that it is operated with zero temperature differential. The calorimeter accuracy is normal 4 milliwatts when operated at a total power of 12 watts. Calibration is performed in Scituate by operating the cells under test reversed or at zero current. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=258 | ||
| 1102 | Conference Proceedings | Duan, S. Y., Guan, W. S., Cheng, S. Q., Zhang, J., Hao, S. L., Gu, B., Li, J. Q., Liang, W. X., Zhsang, G. Y., Pei, S. X., Huang, J. C., Chen, K. W., Liu, R., Liu, X. R., Li, Y. J. | 1991 | Fusion Neutron Emission Induced by Injection of Deuterium Into Titanium Target in a Mirror Plasma | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 139 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Fusion Neutron Emission Induced by Injection of Deuterium Into Titanium Target in a Mirror Plasma | titanium, gas discharge, ion implantation D2, neutron, gamma emission ICCF-2 | A target, titanium sheet laden with deuterium, is immersed in the deuterium plasma confined in MM-2U magnetic mirror and it is biased at about ~10 kV. The deuterium nickel-deuterons are infused into the crystal structure of titanium target. After having implanted deuterium for several hours, random neutron emissions are observed and neutron burst are measured by using two identical BF-3 neutron detectors No. 1 and No. 2 located at different positions and a neutron dosemeter. The neutron count rates are up to 100 times higher than the background count of 0.8 count/sec. it is corresponding to neutron flux of (2-8)E+5 neutron/sec. no GammaRay counts beyond background are detected in our experiments. It is suggested that random neutron burst may be from cold nuclear fusion reactions related to the propagation of micro cracks in the metal lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=154 | ||
| 1103 | Journal Article | Dubinko, V. I. | 2014 | Low-energy Nuclear Reactions Driven by Discrete Breathers | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 87-107 Low-energy Nuclear Reactions Driven by Discrete Breathers | Anharmonic lattice vibrations, Discrete breathers, Nuclear fusion, Quantum tunneling | A new mechanism of LENR in solids is proposed, which is based on the large amplitude anharmonic lattice vibrations, a.k.a. intrinsic localized modes or 'discrete breathers' (DBs). In particular, so called gap DBs, which can arise in diatomic crystals such as metal hydrides, are argued to be the LENR catalyzers. The large mass difference between H or D and the metal atoms provides a gap in phonon spectrum, in which DBs can be excited in the H/D sub-lattice resulting in extreme dynamic closing of adjacent H/D atoms (' 0.01 ?) required for the tunneling through the nuclear Coulomb barrier. DBs have been shown to arise either by thermal activation at elevated temperatures or by knocking atoms out of equilibrium positions under non-equilibrium gas loading conditions, employed under radiolysis or plasma deposition methods. The DB statistics in both cases are analyzed, and an attempt is made to quantify part of the vibrational problem in terms of electrochemical current or ion flux, connecting them with external excitation of DBs that act as nano-colliders of deuterons, triggering LENR. Resulting analytical expressions (under a selected set of material parameters) describe quantitatively the observed exponential dependence on temperature and linear dependence on the electric (or ion) current. Possible ways of engineering the nuclear active environment based on the present concept are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=93 | ||||||
| 1104 | Journal Article | Dubinko, V. I. | 2016 | Quantum Tunneling in Breather 'nano-colliders' | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 56 Quantum Tunneling in Breather 'nano-colliders' | Correlation effects, Discrete breathers, Low energy nuclear reactions, Nuclear active sites | In many crystals with sufficient anharmonicity, special kinds of lattice vibrations, namely, discrete breathers (DBs) can be excited either thermally or by external triggering, in which the amplitude of atomic oscillations greatly exceeds that of harmonic oscillations (phonons). Coherency and persistence of large atomic oscillations in DBs may have drastic effect on quantum tunneling due to correlation effects discovered by Schr?inger and Robertson in 1930. These effects have been applied recently to the tunneling problem by Vysotskii et al:, who demonstrated a giant increase of sub-barrier transparency during the increase of the correlation coefficient at special high-frequency periodic action on the quantum system. In the present paper, it is argued that DBs present the most natural and efficient way to produce correlation effects due to time-periodic modulation of the potential well width (or the Coulomb barrier width) and hence to act as breather 'nano-colliders' (BNC) triggering low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) in solids. The tunneling probability for deuterium (D?) fusion in ??ap DBs? formed in metal deuterides is shown to increase with increasing numbers of oscillations by 190 orders of magnitude, resulting in the observed LENR rate at extremely low concentrations of DBs. Possible ways of engineering the nuclear active environment based on the present concept are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=64 | ||||||
| 1105 | Journal Article | Dubinko, V. I. | 2017 | Nuclear Catalysis Mediated by Localized Anharmonic Vibrations | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 23 | Nuclear Catalysis Mediated by Localized Anharmonic Vibrations | Correlation effects, Discrete breathers, Localized anharmonic vibrations, Low energy nuclear reactions, Nuclear active sites | In many-body nonlinear systems with sufficient anharmonicity, a special kind of lattice vibration, namely, Localized Anharmonic Vibrations (LAVs) can be excited either thermally or by external triggering, in which the amplitude of atomic oscillations greatly exceeds that of harmonic oscillations (phonons) that determine the system temperature. The coherency and persistence of LAVs may have a drastic effect on quantum tunneling due to correlation effects discovered by Schr?inger and Robertson in 1930. These effects have been applied to the tunneling problem by a number of authors, who demonstrated a giant increase of sub-barrier transparency during the increase of the correlation coefficient at a special high-frequency periodic action on the quantum system. Recently, it has been proposed that discrete breathers (a sub-class of LAVs arising in periodic systems) present the most natural and efficient way to produce correlation effects in regular crystals due to time-periodic modulation of the potential well (or the Coulomb barrier) width and hence to act as breather 'nano-colliders' catalyzing low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) in solids. It has been shown that the tunneling probability for D? fusion under electrolysis of heavy water increases enormously with increasing number of oscillations resulting in the fusion rates comparable with those observed experimentally. In the present paper, we discuss possible ways of engineering the nuclear-active environment (NAE) and catalyzing LENR in NAE based on the LAV concept. We propose some practical ways of catalyzing LENR that are based on a special electro-magnetic treatment or electron and gamma irradiation, which could trigger LAVs in crystals and clusters. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedv.pdf#page=50 | ||||||
| 1106 | Journal Article | Dubinko, V. I., Laptev, D., Irwin, K. | 2017 | Catalytic Mechanism of LENR in Quasicrystals based on Localized Anharmonic Vibrations and Phasons | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Catalytic Mechanism of LENR in Quasicrystals based on Localized Anharmonic Vibrations and Phasons | Quasicrystals, Localized anharmonic vibrations, Low energy nuclear reactions, Nuclear active sites, Phasons, Tunneling | We propose a mechanism explaining high catalytic activity of quasicrystals (QCs), which is based on unusual dynamics of atoms at special sites in QCs, namely, localized anharmonic vibrations (LAVs) and phasons. With the vibrations, one deals with a large amplitude (fractions of an angstrom) time-periodic oscillations of a small group of atoms around their stable positions in the lattice, known also as discrete breathers, which can be excited in regular crystals as well as in QCs. On the other hand, phasons are a specific property of QCs, which are represented by very large amplitude (angstrom) oscillations of atoms between two quasi-stable positions determined by the geometry of a QC. Large amplitude atomic motion in LAVs and phasons may result in time-periodic driving of adjacent potential wells occupied by hydrogen ions (protons or deuterons). The rate of tunneling of the particle through the potential barrier separating the wells is shown to be drastically enhanced by the driving. These results support the concept of nuclear catalysis in QCs that can take place at special sites provided by their inherent topology. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=87 | ||||||
| 1107 | Journal Article | Dudu, D., Molea, M., Pascalau, I., Piticu, I., Vata, I. | 1989 | Nuclear effects in the electrolysis of heavy water | Rev. Roum. Phys., Vol = 34 | Nuclear effects in the electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 1108 | Patent | Dufour, J. | 1991 | Energy Source System (Patent) | Rev. Roum. Phys., Vol = 34 | World Patent, WO 91/01036 (1991) | Tertiary Energy Source System Energy Source System (Patent) | ||||||||
| 1109 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Foos, J., Millot, J. P. | 1993 | Cold Fusion by Sparking in Hydrogen Isotopes. Energy Balances and Search for Fusion By-products. A Strategy to Prove the Reality of Cold Fusion | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 9 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Cold Fusion by Sparking in Hydrogen Isotopes. Energy Balances and Search for Fusion By-products. A Strategy to Prove the Reality of Cold Fusion | H2, D2, gas discharge, heat+, tritium, ICCF-4 | The idea of transmuting hydrogen isotopes into heavier species (helium), at room temperature, with the aid of palladium acting as a kind of catalyst can be traced back as early as 1926. In 1989, a rebirth was given to the concept. By electrolysing heavy water with a palladium cathode, Jones, Fleischmann and Pons claimed to obtain significant energy production, in excess of the electrical energy introduce into the apparatus to carry out the electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJcoldfusiona.pdf | |||
| 1110 | Journal Article | Dufour, J. | 1993 | Cold fusion by sparking in hydrogen isotopes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Cold fusion by sparking in hydrogen isotopes | spark discharge, heat+, Pd, stainless steel, D2, H2, theory | ||||||||
| 1111 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Foos, J., Millot, J. P. | 1995 | Measurement of Excess Energy and Isotope Formation in the Palladium-Hydrogen System | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 495 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Measurement of Excess Energy and Isotope Formation in the Palladium-Hydrogen System | H2, heat+, theory, gas discharge, ICCF-5 | A search for the products of fusion reactions that could be triggered by sparking in hydrogen isotopes was carried out. No signatures above background were found. On the contrary, the excess energy production was confirmed in the simple hydrogen/palladium system. The formation of a tightly bound state of the hydrogen (deuterium) atom is hypothesized to explain these results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJmeasuremen.pdf | ||
| 1112 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Foos, J., Millot, J. P., Dufour, X. | 1996 | From 'Cold Fusion' to 'Hydrex' and 'Deutex' States of Hydrogen | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 482-495 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | From 'Cold Fusion' to 'Hydrex' and 'Deutex' States of Hydrogen | theory, hydrex, heat+, gas, hydrogen, deuterium, ICCF-6 | Based on experimental results, the possibility of formation of new bound states between an electron and a proton (deuteron) is discussed. These bound states (HYDREX and DEUTEX) result from the equilibrium between the attractive Coulombic force and the repulsive weak electro-nuclear force. These species could account for all data obtained in field of Cold Fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=81 | |||
| 1113 | Journal Article | Dufour, J., Foos, J., Millot, J. P., Dufour, X. | 1997 | Interaction of palladium/hydrogen and palladium/deuterium to measure the excess energy per atom for each isotope | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Interaction of palladium/hydrogen and palladium/deuterium to measure the excess energy per atom for each isotope | gas discharge, Pd, deuterium, heat+, hydrex | ||||||||
| 1114 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Foos, J., Dufour, X. J. C. | 1998 | Formation and Properties of Hydrex and Deutex | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 113 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Formation and Properties of Hydrex and Deutex | hydrex, transmutation, theory, UH3, gas diacharge, ICCF-7 | Simple experiments have been carried out that show the possibility of transmuting elements in systems where hydrogen or its isotopes are contacted with metals able to give a metallic hydride, this metallic hydride being submitted to the action of a magnetic field. These transmutations can be explained by a new class of nuclear reactions : nucleon capture by HYDREX, a metastable state of hydrogen. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=113 | ||
| 1115 | Journal Article | Dufour, J., Foos, J., Dufour, X. J. C. | 1998 | Formation and properties of hydrex and deutex | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 20, Page = 53 | Formation and properties of hydrex and deutex | hydrex deutex theory heat transmutation | ||||||||
| 1116 | Journal Article | Dufour, J. | 1998 | Response to 'Comments on 'Interaction of palladium/hydrogen and palladium/ deuterium to measure the excess energy per atom for each isotope' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Response to 'Comments on 'Interaction of palladium/hydrogen and palladium/ deuterium to measure the excess energy per atom for each isotope' | theory | ||||||||
| 1117 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Murat, D., Dufour, X., Foos, J. | 2000 | Hydrex Catallyzed Transmutation of Uranium and Palladium: Experimental Part | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 153 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Hydrex Catallyzed Transmutation of Uranium and Palladium: Experimental Part | transmutation, Pd, U, hydrex, gas discharge, heat+, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1118 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Murat, D., Dufour, X., Foos, J. | 2000 | The Hydrex Concept-Effect on Heavy Nuclei | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 431 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | The Hydrex Concept-Effect on Heavy Nuclei | theory, transmutation, hydrex, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1119 | Journal Article | Dufour, J., Murat, D., Dufour, X., Foos, J. | 2000 | Hydrogen triggered exothermic reaction in uranium metal | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 270 | Hydrogen triggered exothermic reaction in uranium metal | theory, transmutation, hydrex | An exothermal reaction has been observed when submitting metallic uranium to the combined action of a magnetic field and an electrical current. The set-up used to study the phenomenon is described and results are given. A tentative explanation is given, based on the possible existence of a still hypothetical proton/electron resonance. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJhydrogentr.pdf | ||||||
| 1120 | Journal Article | Dufour, J., Murat, D., Dufour, X., Foos, J. | 2001 | Experimental observation of nuclear reactions in palladium and uranium -- possible explanation by hydrex mode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 40 | Experimental observation of nuclear reactions in palladium and uranium -- possible explanation by hydrex mode | hydrex, U, Pu, heat, transmutation | Experiments with uranium are presented that show a highly exothermal reaction, which can only be of nuclear origin. One striking point of these results is that they clearly show that what is being observed is not some kind of fusion reaction of the deuterium present (only exceedingly small amounts of it are present). This is a strong indication that hydrogen can trigger nuclear reactions that seem to involve the nuclei of the lattice (which would yield a fission-like pattern of products). Confronted with a situation where some experiments in the field yield a fusion-like pattern of products (CF experiments) and others a fissionlike one (LENR experiments), one can reasonably wonder whether one is not observing two aspects of the same phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJexperiment.pdf | ||||||
| 1121 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Murat, D., Dufour, X., Foos, J. | 2007 | Synthesis Of A Copper Like Compound From Nickel And Hydrogen And Of A Chromium Like Compound From Calcium And Deuterium | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Synthesis Of A Copper Like Compound From Nickel And Hydrogen And Of A Chromium Like Compound From Calcium And Deuterium | transmutation | A working hypothesis is presented that aims to explain results observed in the LENR-CF field. This hypothesis is based on a novel conjecture: a very sizeable increase of the strength of gravitation at pico-meter distances. Experiments designed to confirm (or deny) this working hypothesis are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=59 | |||||
| 1122 | Journal Article | Dufour, J. | 2007 | Very Sizeable Increase of Gravitation at Picometer Distance: A NovelWorking Hypothesis to Explain Anomalous Heat Effects and Apparent Transmutations in Certain Metal/Hydrogen Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Very Sizeable Increase of Gravitation at Picometer Distance: A NovelWorking Hypothesis to Explain Anomalous Heat Effects and Apparent Transmutations in Certain Metal/Hydrogen Systems | Cold fusion, Gravity, Isotopic shift, LENR, Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Since more than 15 years, unexplained heat effects have been reported in systems involving hydrogen isotopes (hydrogen and deuterium) and certain metals like palladium. The most studied system (palladium/deuterium) has given birth to the 'Cold Fusion' concept: a special kind of DD fusion reaction, only occurring in a metallic lattice, which yields heat and helium-4 as the main reaction product. Other systems have also been studied (nickel hydrogen and caesium/deuterium for instance), showing shifts in isotopic ratio of the products of reaction and leading to the more generalized concept of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR). A novel conjecture (the pico-gravity conjecture) is presented here, that may explain all the anomalies observed in this so-called 'Cold Fusion' field. According to this conjecture, the main part of the energy produced in Low Energy Nuclear Reaction could be the result of a very special kind of chemical reactions (pico-chemical reactions), induced by a considerable increase of gravity at pico-meter distances (pico-gravity). True nuclear signatures (α-particles emission for instance) could also occur according to the pico-gravity conjecture. But they should be many orders of magnitude lower than would be expected from the energy produced (which is observed experimentally). This conjecture will be tested by analysing the products of the reaction of hydrogen isotopes with selected metals. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=53 | ||||||
| 1123 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Dufour, X., Murat, D., Foos, J. | 2008 | A simple calorimetric method to avoid artifacts in a controversial field: The ice calorimeter | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | A simple calorimetric method to avoid artifacts in a controversial field: The ice calorimeter | Calorimeter, method | The idea of the ice calorimeter is rather old. Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794) developed in 1783 a calorimetric method based on the measurement of the mass of the ice that melts when heated. Robert Bunsen (1811-1899) improved this method in 1870 and designed a calorimeter based on the measurement of the volume rather than the mass of ice melted. Nowadays this method is still used [1] because it is simple, accurate, sensitive and most of all rather insensible to interference, which is a key point in order to have convincing experiment in a controversial field. Moreover, an ice calorimeter is adiabatic and isotherm (0?) thus suppressing the problem of heat transfer in wires and tubing connecting the experiment to the outside of the calorimeter. It is an integrating calorimeter that measures enthalpy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJasimplecal.pdf | |||||
| 1124 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Dufour, X., Murat, D., Foos, J. | 2008 | An Experimental Device To Test the YPCP ('Yukawa Pico Chemistry And Physics') Model: Implications for the CF-LENR Field | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | An Experimental Device To Test the YPCP ('Yukawa Pico Chemistry And Physics') Model: Implications for the CF-LENR Field | Theory | |||||||
| 1125 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J. | 2009 | The CMAF Window (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | The CMAF Window (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Possible sizeable energy production from 500/1000 eV deuterons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DufourJthecmafwin.pdf | ||||
| 1126 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Dufour, X., Murat, D. | 2009 | A Practical Way to Generate Protons (Deuterons) of Energy Between 500 and 1000 eV | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | A Practical Way to Generate Protons (Deuterons) of Energy Between 500 and 1000 eV | Research tools used in the field of d/d fusion are protons (deuterons) accelerators producing ion beams of energies between 10 keV up to several MeV . Another source of protons (deuterons) are low pressure electrical discharge, yielding ions of energies between 1 to some tens of eV. Based on this second source, a way to generate protons (deuterons) in the range 500 to 1000 eV is described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=89 | |||||
| 1127 | Conference Proceedings | Dufour, J., Dufour, X. | 2009 | Evaluation of d/d Reaction Rates in Metallic Lattices as a Function of the Deuteron Energy. A Phenomenological Model of Nuclear Fusion in Solids | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Evaluation of d/d Reaction Rates in Metallic Lattices as a Function of the Deuteron Energy. A Phenomenological Model of Nuclear Fusion in Solids | Recently, unexplained enhancements of d/d reaction rates in solids were observed. This enhancement is lower than a factor of 10 at low energies of the deuteron (a few keV) and as high as a factor of 1018 for extremely low energies (0,025 eV). Based on the calculation of d/d reaction rates in a lattice, a phenomenological model is proposed to infer the enhancement that can be expected for deuterons of energies in between these two extremes. A potentially interesting zone (between 500 and 2000 eV) has been identified. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=142 | |||||
| 1128 | Journal Article | Dufour, J. | 2012 | Nuclear Signatures to be Expected from Rossi Energy Amplifier | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 124-131 Nuclear Signatures to be Expected from Rossi Energy Amplifier | Energy production, Hydrogen, Nickel, Nuclear reaction, Radiations | The nuclear signatures that can be expected when contacting hydrogen with fine nickel powders are derived from thermal results recently obtained (Rossi energy amplifier). The initiation of the reactions (either by proton or neutron capture) is not discussed and considered as true. Proposals are made to check the process either by radiation emission measurements or by elemental analysis (ICP-MS) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=130 | ||||||
| 1129 | Journal Article | Dufour, J. | 2013 | An Introduction to the Pico-chemistry Working Hypothesis | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 10 | An Introduction to the Pico-chemistry Working Hypothesis | Enthalpy of formation, Hydrogen, Nickel, Nickel hydride, Nickel pico-hydride | The nuclear signatures that can be expected when contacting hydrogen with nickel were derived from thermal results recently obtained (Rossi energy amplifier), using the type of reaction paths proposed as the explanation of the energy produced. The consequences of either proton or neutron capture have been studied. It was shown that these consequences are not in line with the experimental observations. A novel tentative explanation is thus described. Should this explanation be true? It is proposed to call pico-chemistry the novel field thus opened. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedi.pdf#page=45 | ||||||
| 1130 | Conference Proceedings | Duncan, R. | 2009 | An Outsider's View of the Fleischmann - Pons Effect (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | An Outsider's View of the Fleischmann - Pons Effect (PowerPoint slides) | review | A Long History of ?old Fusion' * First report of a possible nuclear fusion in palladium loaded with heavy hydrogen: Berlin, Germany, September 17, 1926 by Professors Paneth and Peters, later retracted. (83 years old) * Some patent activity in and after 1927 . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DuncanRanoutsider.pdf | ||||
| 1131 | Conference Proceedings | Duncan, R. | 2012 | Search for the Origins of the Anomalous Heat Effect (AHE) in Deuterium-loaded Palladium Driven Far From Equilibrium (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Search for the Origins of the Anomalous Heat Effect (AHE) in Deuterium-loaded Palladium Driven Far From Equilibrium (PowerPoint slides) | Review | Discovery is Creatively Disruptive 'If we all worked on the assumption that what is accepted as true is really true, there would be little hope of advance.' - Orville Wright | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DuncanRsearchfort.pdf | |||||
| 1132 | Journal Article | Duncan, R. | 2015 | Preface | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Preface | review | My thanks to everyone who attended ICCF-18, which was held at the University of Missouri. We had a total of 215 registered participants, of whom 125 submitted original work that was presented within the scientific program. This was the first time in many years that ICCF has been held on the campus of a major research university, and we were delighted to have the opportunity to host this important conference. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 1133 | Journal Article | Dunlap, B. I., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Mintmire, J. W., White, C. T. | 1990 | Linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals - local-density-functional cluster studies of D-D interactions in titanium and palladium | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41 | Linear combination of Gaussian-type orbitals - local-density-functional cluster studies of D-D interactions in titanium and palladium | Theory, PdD, structure | ||||||||
| 1134 | Conference Proceedings | Dunn, J. | 2012 | LENR Market Development Technology of the (near) Future? (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | LENR Market Development Technology of the (near) Future? (PowerPoint slides) | Commercialization | LENR Technology overview * Sporadic development since Pons & Fleishman's famous Cold Fusion announcement in 1989 * Replication/Scale limited -- Many reports of excess heat; several groups planning to market LENR systems in 2013 * Many scientists & efforts -- recent progress -- great hope * Promising efforts of Rossi, Defkalion, Piantelli, others * R&D rekindled, but still mostly small level efforts * Increasing interest and growing media attention * Huge anticipation and potential partners & customers * New formal efforts by U-Missouri + energy co's, others | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DunnJlenrmarket.pdf | |||||
| 1135 | Journal Article | Durocher, J. J. G., Gallop, D. M., Kwok, C. B., Mathur, M. S., Mayer, J. K., McKee, J. S. C., Mirzai, A., Smith, G. R., Yeo, Y. H. | 1989 | A search for evidence of cold fusion in the direct implantation of palladium and indium with deuterium | Can. J. Phys., Vol = 67 | A search for evidence of cold fusion in the direct implantation of palladium and indium with deuterium | In, ion bombardment, ion implantation, D+, neutron | ||||||||
| 1136 | Journal Article | Durup, J. | 1990 | Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 93 | Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | theory | ||||||||
| 1137 | Journal Article | Eagleton, R. D., Bush, R. T. | 1990 | Design considerations for palladium electrodes as suggested by a deuteron cluster model for cold nuclear fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 359 | Design considerations for palladium electrodes as suggested by a deuteron cluster model for cold nuclear fusion | Theory, cluster, method, heat | ||||||||
| 1138 | Journal Article | Eagleton, R. D., Bush, R. T. | 1991 | Calorimetric experiments supporting the transmission resonance model for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Calorimetric experiments supporting the transmission resonance model for cold fusion | Theory, resonance, heat+, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, current density | ||||||||
| 1139 | Conference Proceedings | Eagleton, R. D. | 1994 | Experimental Details for Light Water Cold Fusion Research at Cal. Poly.- Pomona | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 115 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Experimental Details for Light Water Cold Fusion Research at Cal. Poly.- Pomona | Ni, H2O, electrolysis, method | ||||
| 1140 | Journal Article | Early, J. G. | 1978 | Hydrogen diffusion in palladium by galvaostatic charging | Acta Metall., Vol = 26 | Hydrogen diffusion in palladium by galvaostatic charging | diffusion, Pd, H2 | ||||||||
| 1141 | Journal Article | Eberhard, V., Heeringa, W., Klages, H. O., Maschuw, R., Voelker, G., Zeitnitz, B. | 1989 | Neutron limits from gas-loaded titanium-deuterium systems | Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., Vol = 334 | Neutron limits from gas-loaded titanium-deuterium systems | Ti, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 1142 | Journal Article | Echenique, P. M., Manson, J. R., Ritchie, R. H. | 1990 | Cluster-Impact Fusion | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 64, Num = 12, Page = 1413 | Cluster-Impact Fusion | theory, cluster Impact | ||||||||
| 1143 | Journal Article | Editorial | 1989 | Cold Confusion, and Cold Results from Utah | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Cold Confusion, and Cold Results from Utah | history | ||||||||
| 1144 | Report | Eggers, H. C., Rafelski, J. | 1990 | Strangeness and Quark Gluon Plasma: Aspects of Theory and Experiment | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Strangeness and Quark Gluon Plasma: Aspects of Theory and Experiment | theory | ||||||||
| 1145 | Journal Article | Ehrlich, A. C., Gillespie, D. J., Kamm, G. N., Elbek, B. | 1989 | A search for neutrons in single-phase palladium-deuterium Kold fusion? | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | A search for neutrons in single-phase palladium-deuterium Kold fusion? | D2, electrolysis, neutron, high temperature, loading neutron, electrolysis, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 1146 | Journal Article | El-Boher, A., Isaacson, W., Azizi, O., He, J., Pease, D., Hubler, G. K. | 2016 | Final Report on Calorimetry-based Excess Heat Trials using Celani Treated NiCuMn (Constantan) Wires | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 68 Final Report on Calorimetry-based Excess Heat Trials using Celani Treated NiCuMn (Constantan) Wires | Calorimetry, Gas loading, Hydrogen, Micro-nano surface, Nickel, Nickel hydride | Sensitive mass flow calorimetry was used in a series of tests to evaluate eight treated NiCuMn (Constantan) wires in a gas loading cell. The goal of this testing was to reproduce and confirm the production of excess heat when using an experimental setup similar to that demonstrated in 2013 by Dr. Francesco Celani at National Instrument's NI week and ICCF 17. Six of the eight Constantan wires used in the SKINR tests were provided by Dr. Celani and the remaining two were obtained from Mathieu Valat. Initial tests in the series closely followed the set-up, operation, and heating protocols used by Dr. Celani with a significantly modified stainless test cell to enable the use of mass flow calorimetry. Later tests used the same modified test cell but added additional heating protocols using pulsed or highly modulated electric currents (SuperWaves) to enhance hydrogen loading and create additional thermal gradients within the Constantan wires. No excess heat was observed in a calorimeter of a sensitivity <10 mW when running either the initial or later test protocols during 200 days of testing. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=76 | ||||||
| 1147 | Journal Article | Ellison, C. H., Mahaffey, J. A. | 1996 | An investigation of reports of fusion reactions occurring at the cathode in glow discharges | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | An investigation of reports of fusion reactions occurring at the cathode in glow discharges | gas discharge, neutron, polemic, D2, Pd, ion implantation, theory, review | ||||||||
| 1148 | Conference Proceedings | ENEA | 2009 | Abstracts | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Rome, Italy | Abstracts | Abstracts from the ICCF-15 conference held in Rome, Italy, October 5-9, 2009. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENEAabstracts.pdf | ||||||
| 1149 | Book | ENEA | 2009 | COLD FUSION The History of Research in Italy | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Rosati, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V. | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Martellucci, S. COLD FUSION The History of Research in Italy | History | The present volume represents the historical development of the research carried on in Italy in the field of the so-called 'Cold Fusion' during the last twenty years. This 2009 year marks the 20th anniversary of the announcement of the results of an experiment conducted in the University of Utah, USA, by Martin Fleishmann and Stanley Pons. . To commemorate the 'birth' of Cold Fusion, the International Advisory Committee of ICCF-14, the Conference held last August in Washington D.C., USA has decided to hold the 2009 ICCF-15 Conference in Italy. It will take place in Rome at the Angelicum University, on October 5-9, under the Chairmanship of one of us (V.V.). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENEAcoldfusion.pdf | |||
| 1150 | Book | ENEA | 2009 | FUSIONE FREDDA Storia Della Ricerca in Italia | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Rosati, A., Scaramuzzi, F., Violante, V. | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Martellucci, S. FUSIONE FREDDA Storia Della Ricerca in Italia | history | Sono trascorsi circa venti anni dall??nnuncio, da parte dei due Accademici Martin Fleishmann e Stanley Pons, dell?ttenimento di reazioni nucleari in reticoli metallici a temperatura ambiente. Durante questi anni si sono svolte numerose conferenze nazionali ed internazionali e a Washington DC si svolger? l??nternational Conference on Cold Fusion, giunta alla sua quattordicesima edizione. In occasione del Convegno verr? presentata la raccolta di volumi dedicata alla Storia della Fusione Fredda in tutti i Paesi che hanno contribuito allo sviluppo di questa disciplina dal 1989 ad oggi. Oltre ad Italia e Stati Uniti, anche Cina, India, Russia, Francia e Giappone hanno lavorato intensamente in questo campo. All?NEA, ed in particolare al Presidente del Consiglio Scientifico dell?nte, ? stato affidato il compito di curare l??dizione della storia di questa ricerca in Italia, attraverso la raccolta dei racconti delle attivit? svolte dai singoli gruppi o laboratori che hanno operato nel settore. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENEAfusionefre.pdf | |||
| 1151 | Conference Proceedings | ENECO | 1990 | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENECO, Inc. | Vancouver, Canada | April 19 - 24, 1998 | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion | Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf | ||||
| 1152 | Journal Article | Engvild, K. C. | 1998 | Nuclear reaction by three-body recombination beteween deuterons and the nuclei of lattice-trapped D2 molecules | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Nuclear reaction by three-body recombination beteween deuterons and the nuclei of lattice-trapped D2 molecules | Theory | ||||||||
| 1153 | Conference Proceedings | Engvild, K. C., Kowalski, L. | 2003 | Triple Deuterium Fusion Between Deuterons And The Nuclei Of Lattice Trapped Deuterium Molecules | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Triple Deuterium Fusion Between Deuterons And The Nuclei Of Lattice Trapped Deuterium Molecules | Theory, multibody | A hypothesis is proposed where low energy nuclear reactions involve three-body recombination of deuterons injected between the nuclei of D2 molecules trapped in a dense lattice of a chemical compound of transition metal and impurity. Two D's fuse to 4He, and the energy is converted by expulsion of the third deuteron. Measurable fusion occurs when two D's are confined within 0.1 angstrom of each other. Three boson (efimov) interactions can have longer range than two boson interactions. The best known example is triple alpha fusion to carbon-12 in stars. Triple deuterium interaction could perhaps be possible in the 0.5-1.0 angstrom range; the distance between D's in a D2 molecule are 0.74 angstrom. The hypothesis accounts for the low reproducibility and short duration of the effect because of rapid destruction of the active structure by sputtering, radiation damage, bubble formation and chemical reduction of the impurities to compounds like D2O, ND3, CD4, or BD3. The hypothesis also accounts for the observed prevalence of 4He > tritium > neutrons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EngvildKCtripledeut.pdf | |||
| 1154 | Journal Article | Engvild, K. C. | 2020 | Is the Nuclear Active Environment a Metals-Silicon-Boron-D2 Alloy Enabling a Three-body Recombination between Deuteron and the Nuclei of D2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 32 | Is the Nuclear Active Environment a Metals 'Silicon-Boron' 2 Alloy Enabling a Three-body Recombination between Deuteron and the Nuclei of D2? | D2 molecules in solids, Efimov effect, NAE characteristics, Three body recombination, Trapped D2 molecules | the deuteron is pushed in between the two D nuclei, and form a hypothetical Efimov-like triple D state. Three-boson (Efimov) interactions can have a longer range than two-boson interactions. Two nuclei fuse to helium and the third is ejected in a three body recombination. In rare cases the result is tritium and helium-3. The NAE might be a semiconductor like silicon, known to incorporate hydrogen molecules. The NAE could perhaps be a compound like MoS2, known as a possible substitute for platinum in electrolytic hydrogen evolution. The NAE might also be an alloy of metals with boron and silicon allowing occlusion of D2 molecules sitting in a tight vice in a narrow lattice. Or the NAE might be palladium oxide/nickel oxide, which are hydrogenating catalysts. Or it might be a chemical compound such as silicon boride and titanium carbide where D2 could sit in vacancies. A triple D might interact with lattice atoms according to the scheme mMen+ (3D)?m+2Men+1 + He, which might lead to the formation of radioactive isotopes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedze.pdf#page=16 | ||||||
| 1155 | Journal Article | Enyo, M. | 1991 | Is the cold fusion reaction possible? | Kagaku to Kogyo (Tokyo), Vol = 44 | Is the cold fusion reaction possible? | Review | ||||||||
| 1156 | Journal Article | Enyo, M. | 1991 | Key points in the evaluation of experimental results (the excess heat) | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 62 | Key points in the evaluation of experimental results (the excess heat) | Discussion | ||||||||
| 1157 | Conference Proceedings | Enyo, M. | 1992 | Hydrogen/Deuterium Concentration in Pd under Cathodic Polarization | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 255 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Hydrogen/Deuterium Concentration in Pd under Cathodic Polarization | overvoltage, poison, electrolysis, OCV, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-3, Pd, D2O | Effective hydrogen pressure at hydrogen evolving cathode is discussed in connection with the mechanism of the hydrogen electrode reaction. A Nernst type expression involving hydrogen overpotential is not generally applicable. Experimental results on Pd and Pd-Ag alloy cathodes with and without addition of catalytic poison are presented. The highest pressure observed was ca. 106 atm at 0.25 A cm^-2, 30?. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=3 | ||
| 1158 | Journal Article | Enyo, M., Biswas, P. C. | 1992 | Hydrogen absorption in palladium electrodes in alkaline solutions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 335 | Hydrogen absorption in palladium electrodes in alkaline solutions | electrolysis, Pd, Li deposition, fugacity, OCV, loading | ||||||||
| 1159 | Journal Article | Enyo, M., Biswas, P. C. | 1993 | Hydrogen pressure equivalent to overpotential on Pd + Ag alloy electrodes in acidic solutions in the presence of thiourea | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Hydrogen pressure equivalent to overpotential on Pd + Ag alloy electrodes in acidic solutions in the presence of thiourea | electrolysis, Pd, loading, fugacity, OCV, H2, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 1160 | Conference Proceedings | EPRI | 1989 | NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Metals | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Washington, D.C. | NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Metals | Attempts to confirm Fleischmann and Pons's observations of cold fusion phenomena have met with inconsistent results. This second workshop on this topic brought together skeptics and advocates to facilitate communication, to examine closely the experimental results, and to identify research issues. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRInsfepriwor.pdf | |||||
| 1161 | Conference Proceedings | EPRI | 1994 | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 1: Plenary Session Papers, TR-104188-V1 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 1: Plenary Session Papers, TR-104188-V1 | ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 1. From: http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V1 This meeting was the latest in a series of conferences devoted to a new area of scientific endeavor, variously called, 'Deuterated Metals Research,' 'Anomalous Nuclear Phenomena in Solids,' and 'New Hydrogen Energy.' A number of new experimental approaches were presented including the use of ceramic proton conductors at high temperature and the use of ultrasonic cavitation in heavy water to load palladium and titanium foils with deuterium. The 125 papers that were presented were divided so that Volume 1 contains all the papers received from authors who participated in the four plenary sessions, Volume 2 includes contributed papers on calorimetry and materials, Volume 3 has contributions on nuclear particle detection and measurement, and Volume 4 contains the papers contributed on theory and special topics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf | |||||
| 1162 | Conference Proceedings | EPRI | 1994 | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 2: Calorimetry and Materials Papers, TR-104188-V2 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 2: Calorimetry and Materials Papers, TR-104188-V2 | ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 2. From: http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V2 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceedinga.pdf | |||||
| 1163 | Conference Proceedings | EPRI | 1994 | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 3: Nuclear Measurements Papers, TR-104188-V3 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 3: Nuclear Measurements Papers, TR-104188-V3 | ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 3. From: http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V3 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceedingb.pdf | |||||
| 1164 | Conference Proceedings | EPRI | 1994 | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 4: Theory and Special Topics Papers, TR-104188-V4 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii | Proceedings: Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion Volume 4: Theory and Special Topics Papers, TR-104188-V4 | ICCF-4 conference proceedings, Volume 4. From: http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104188-V4 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceedingc.pdf | |||||
| 1165 | Report | EPRI | 1998 | Development of Energy Production Systems from Heat Produced in Deuterated Metals, Volume 1, TR-107843-V1 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Development of Energy Production Systems from Heat Produced in Deuterated Metals, Volume 1, TR-107843-V1 | EPRI sponsored an experimental program to investigate the idea that heat, and possibly nuclear products, could be created electrolytically in palladium lattices. Observations using high precision mass flow calorimetry revealed that excess heat could be produced in electrochemical cells with palladium cathodes and a heavy water electrolyte in a more or less reproducible manner, when a number of criteria were satisfied. This excess heat generated is far too large to be a chemical or metallurgical transformation. By inference, a nuclear reaction of some as yet undetermined nature is the hypothesized heat source. This report details the observation of excess powers documented in calorimetry experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIdevelopmen.pdf | ||||||
| 1166 | Report | EPRI | 1998 | Development of Energy Production Systems from Heat Produced in Deuterated Metals, Volume 2, TR-107843-V2 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Development of Energy Production Systems from Heat Produced in Deuterated Metals, Volume 2, TR-107843-V2 | EPRI sponsored an experimental program to investigate the idea that heat and possibly nuclear reaction products could be created electrolytically in palladium lattices. Excess heat 'which occurred in a number of cases when certain criteria were satisfied' was too large to result from any chemical or metallurgical transformation in so small a mass of material. By inference, some type of nuclear reaction was the hypothesized heat source. This report details the search for 'signature' emissions of possible nuclear reactions associated with heat production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIdevelopmena.pdf | ||||||
| 1167 | Report | EPRI | 1998 | Cavitation-Induced Excess Heat in Deuterated Metals, TR-108474 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Cavitation-Induced Excess Heat in Deuterated Metals, TR-108474 | ||||||||
| 1168 | Report | EPRI | 1999 | Trace Elements Added to Palladium by Electrolysis in Heavy Water, TP-108743 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Electric Power Research Institute | Trace Elements Added to Palladium by Electrolysis in Heavy Water, TP-108743 | EPRI sponsored an experimental program to investigate the trace element changes brought about in palladium after extensive electrolysis in heavy water electrolytes. Of particular interest were cathodes which had experienced episodes of excess heat production beyond all electrical and other inputs. This report details the careful analysis of a particular cathode by neutron activation (NAA) as compared with the identical simultaneous analysis of virgin palladium material from which the cathode was fabricated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRItraceeleme.pdf | ||||||
| 1169 | Report | ERAB | 1989 | Report of the Cold Fusion Panel to the Energy Research Advisory Board | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 357 | Washington, DC | Erab Report of the Cold Fusion Panel to the Energy Research Advisory Board | ERAB, review history | A copy of the ERAB report has been prepared by the National Capital Area Skeptics (NCAS) organization (www.ncas.org). It is available here: http://www.ncas.org/erab/ This library contains a brief introduction to the report and a copy of the NCAS version of the ERAB report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ERABreportofth.pdf | |||||
| 1170 | Conference Proceedings | Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F., Sevilla, J., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C. | 1991 | Solid State and Electrochemical Phenomena Related to Cold Fusion in Titanium | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 15 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Solid State and Electrochemical Phenomena Related to Cold Fusion in Titanium | Ti, D2O, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | I. Introduction Attempts to reproduce cold fusion results/experiments follow, at least, two possible directions: a) Improvements of characteristics (efficiency and so on ) of detectors and reductions of background signals and noises. b) Better knowledge of the system (electrolytic cell) i.e. of the cathode material and of the electrolysis itself. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=30 | ||
| 1171 | Conference Proceedings | Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Tornero, J., Sanchez, C. | 1992 | Deuterium Concentration Profiles and Crystallization Anomalies in Electrolytically Deuterated Titanium Plates | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 285 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Deuterium Concentration Profiles and Crystallization Anomalies in Electrolytically Deuterated Titanium Plates | Ti, D2O, lattice parameter, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Deuterium concentration and distribution profiles in electrolytically deuterated Ti plates have been obtained by Elastic Recoil Detection (E.R.D. ) , Rutherford Back Scattering (R.B.S. ) and X-ray diffraction (XRD ) . It has been found that D/Ti ratio remains constant (~ 1.65) up to a penetration which depends on the electrolysis time and then it goes down steeply to ~0. 05. The formed deuteride (TiDx, x ~1.65) exhibits some preferred orientations and its texture depends on that of the original Ti plate. The relevance of these data in relation to electrolytic cold fusion experiments is discussed. During electrolysis, D reacts with Ti to form a surface layer of D/Ti near 1.65. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=33 | ||
| 1172 | Journal Article | Esko, E. | 2014 | Anomalous Metals in Electrified Vacuum | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 114-117 Anomalous Metals in Electrified Vacuum | Transmutation | Independent analysis of Quantum Rabbit (QR) vacuum arc test samples from an experiment conducted on Sept. 27, 2011 revealed the anomalous appearance of potassium (K) and gold (Au). These anomalies appeared in a prior QR vacuum arc test and raise the possibility of low energy transmutation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=124 | ||||||
| 1173 | Magazine Article | Essen, H., Kullander, S. | 2011 | Experimental test of a mini-Rossi device at the Leonardocorp, Bologna 29 March 2011 | NyTeknik | April 5, 2011 | Experimental test of a mini-Rossi device at the Leonardocorp, Bologna 29 March 2011 | heat | We gathered in the Leonardo Corporation building where the 10 kW apparatus for anomalous energy production by nickel and hydrogen was demonstrated during a press conference on 14th of January.? References [1] to [4] for the original papers describing the innovation are listed at the end. In the same building, two CHP facilities were located, based on biodiesel from waste which Andrea Rossi, prior to his present Ni-H activity, had developed. The present test was done on a smaller device [5] than the 10 kW device that has been used earlier during the January press conference. One of the reasons for going to smaller dimensions is safety according to Rossi. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EssenHexperiment.pdf | |||||
| 1174 | Journal Article | Evan, D., Szpak, S. | 1998 | Note on the release of nH1 from cathodically polarized Pd electrodes | NyTeknik | Note on the release of nH1 from cathodically polarized Pd electrodes | Pd, loading, PdH, reaction | ||||||||
| 1175 | Journal Article | Evans, P. | 1996 | Reply to patent office | NyTeknik | Reply to patent office | patent, Pons, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 1176 | Journal Article | Evans, A. B. | 2009 | 4-Space Dirac Theory and LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | 4-Space Dirac Theory and LENR theory | theory | A 4-space Dirac theory, which gives the same transition energies as the standard model, predicts specific distributions of virtual electrons and positrons accompanying bound electrons. If potential barriers are viewed stochastically, it seems possible that this has implications for LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EvansABspacedirac.pdf | ||||||
| 1177 | Journal Article | Ewing, R. I., Butler, M. A., Schirber, J. E., Ginley, D. S. | 1989 | Negative results and positive artifacts observed in a comprehensive search for neutrons from 'cold fusion' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Negative results and positive artifacts observed in a comprehensive search for neutrons from 'cold fusion' | electrolysis, D2, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O, Pd, method | ||||||||
| 1178 | Journal Article | Ewing, R. I. | 1990 | High-sensitivity neutron detectors used at Sandia National Laboratories to monitor and diagnose 'cold fusion' experiments: negative results | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 473 | High-sensitivity neutron detectors used at Sandia National Laboratories to monitor and diagnose 'cold fusion' experiments: negative results | electrolysis, D2, Pd, Ti, neutron | ||||||||
| 1179 | Journal Article | Ewing, R. I., Butler, M. A., Ginley, D. S., Schirber, J. E. | 1990 | A sensitive multi-detector neutron counter used to monitor 'cold fusion' experiments in an underground laboratory: negative results and positive artifacts | IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., Vol = 37 | A sensitive multi-detector neutron counter used to monitor 'cold fusion' experiments in an underground laboratory: negative results and positive artifacts | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 1180 | Journal Article | Fallavier, J., Kemmler, J., Kirsch, R., Poizat, J. C., Remillieux, J., Thomas, J. P. | 1990 | Srearch for Nuclear Fusion in Deuterated Targets under Cluster-Beam Impact | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 65, Num = 5, Page = 621 | Srearch for Nuclear Fusion in Deuterated Targets under Cluster-Beam Impact | cluster, ion bombardment, D2 | ||||||||
| 1181 | Journal Article | Faller, S. H., Holloway, R. W., Lee, S. C. | 1989 | Investigation of cold fusion in heavy water | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 137, Num = 1, Page = 9 | Investigation of cold fusion in heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, tritium, gamma emission, D2O, negative | ||||||||
| 1182 | Conference Proceedings | Fan, G. Y., Wang, X. F., Huang, G. S., Zhou, H. Y., Han, Z. E., Wu, Z. D. | 1992 | Production of Neutron and Tritium from D2O Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 499 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Production of Neutron and Tritium from D2O Electrolysis with Palladium Cathode | Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Anomalous neutron burst and an increase in tritium concentration were observed simultaneously from heavy water electrolysis with palladium cathode. Consider with previous experimental results, we presumed that production of neutrons and tritium from D2O electrolysis depends heavily on the Constitution and the state of each cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=237 | ||
| 1183 | Journal Article | Fang, P. H. | 1989 | An Investigation of Interactions Between Deuterium and Palladium Related Crystalline and Amorphous Alloys | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, \'Frontiers of Cold Fusion\', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 499 | An Investigation of Interactions Between Deuterium and Palladium Related Crystalline and Amorphous Alloys | theory, structure | ||||||||
| 1184 | Journal Article | Fang, P. H. | 1991 | Deuterium fusion through nonequilibrium induction | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Deuterium fusion through nonequilibrium induction | ultrasonic, Pd, powder | ||||||||
| 1185 | Journal Article | Farkas, A. | 1937 | On the electrolytic separation of the hydrogen isotopes on a palladium cathode | Trans. Faraday Soc., Vol = 33 | On the electrolytic separation of the hydrogen isotopes on a palladium cathode | loading, H, Pd, crack, separation | ||||||||
| 1186 | Journal Article | Farley, F. J. M. | 1991 | Cold fusion | New Scientist, Vol = 129, Num = 1756, Page = 3 | Cold fusion | recombination, theory | ||||||||
| 1187 | Journal Article | Farrell, J. J., Mills, R. L., Good, W. R. | 1993 | An Alternative Explanation of Extreme UltraViolet Emission From Dark Matter | New Scientist, Vol = 129, Num = 1756, Page = 3 | An Alternative Explanation of Extreme UltraViolet Emission From Dark Matter | theory, dihydrino | ||||||||
| 1188 | Journal Article | Fateev, E. G. | 1995 | Possibilities for establishing the mechanism of neutron generation in deuterated materials under mechanical loading | Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 21, Num = 5, Page = 373 | Possibilities for establishing the mechanism of neutron generation in deuterated materials under mechanical loading | Theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1189 | Conference Proceedings | Fauvarque, J., Clauzon, P., Lalleve, G. | 2005 | Abnormal excess heat observed during Mizuno-type experiments | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | Abnormal excess heat observed during Mizuno-type experiments | glow discharge | A simple calorimeter has been designed that works at constant temperature; that of boiling water. Heat losses can be estimated accurately with an ohmic heater. As expected, losses are independent of the electric power input to the heater and the amount of evaporated water is linearly dependant on the power input. The device has been used to determine the heating power of a plasma electrolysis (the Ohmori-Mizuno experiment). We confirm that in this experiment, the heat output from electrolysis is greater than the electrical power input. The excess energy increases as the electrolysis voltage is increased from 200 V up to 350 V (400 W input). The excess energy may be as high as 120 W. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FauvarqueJabnormalex.pdf | |||||
| 1190 | Conference Proceedings | Fauvarque, J., Clauzon, P., Lalleve, G., Le Buzit, G. | 2009 | Abnormal excess heat measured during Mizuno-type experiments: a possible artefact? | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Abnormal excess heat measured during Mizuno-type experiments: a possible artefact? | Recently performed Mizuno-type experiments confirmed generation of excess heat but not at the rate reported in ref. 2 (Sotchi -ICCF13). The main reason for the discrepancy is now clear; the bandwidth of our Unigor wattmeter, used in old experiments, was insufficient for correcting measurements of highly fluctuating electric energies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=96 | |||||
| 1191 | Journal Article | Fayet, P., Kaldor, A., Cox, D. M. | 1990 | Palladium Clusters: H2, D2, N2, CH4, CD4, C2H4, and C2H6 Reactivity and D2 Saturation Studies | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 92 | Palladium Clusters: H2, D2, N2, CH4, CD4, C2H4, and C2H6 Reactivity and D2 Saturation Studies | Pd, D2, adsorption, loading | ||||||||
| 1192 | Magazine Article | Featherstone, S. | 2012 | Can Andrea Rossi's Infinite-Energy Black Box Power The World--Or Just Scam It? | Popular Science | Can Andrea Rossi's Infinite-Energy Black Box Power The World--Or Just Scam It? | excess heat | ||||||||
| 1193 | Journal Article | Feder, T. | 2004 | DOE Warms to Cold Fusion | Physics Today, Vol = April | April 2004 | DOE Warms to Cold Fusion | Polemic | This is a short summary of Feder, T., DOE Warms to Cold Fusion. Physics Today, 2004. April: p. 27. The full article is available at the Physics Today website: http://www.physicstoday.org/vol-57/iss-4/p27.html | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FederTdoewarmsto.pdf | |||||
| 1194 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. F. | 1990 | Coulomb interaction in a radiation defect of a hydride crystal | Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 16, Num = 12, Page = 911 | Coulomb interaction in a radiation defect of a hydride crystal | Theory, fractofusion, LiD | ||||||||
| 1195 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1991 | Coulomb interaction in an E-cell | Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys., Vol = 36 | Coulomb interaction in an E-cell | Theory, fractofusion, E-cell | ||||||||
| 1196 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1991 | The Coulomb interaction in the E-cell | Physica B, Vol = 172 | The Coulomb interaction in the E-cell | Theory, E-cell | ||||||||
| 1197 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1992 | Quantum-mechanical screening | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 164 | Quantum-mechanical screening | Theory, E-cell, screening | ||||||||
| 1198 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1993 | Nuclear fusion in crystal hydrides of light elements | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Nuclear fusion in crystal hydrides of light elements | Theory, fractofusion, E-cell, screening | ||||||||
| 1199 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1993 | A possible way to nuclear fusion in solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | A possible way to nuclear fusion in solids | Theory, fractofusion, E-cell | ||||||||
| 1200 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1993 | Parametric excitation of crystalline structures as a possible cause of high-energy emissions | Tech. Phys., Vol = 38, Num = 10, Page = 866 | Parametric excitation of crystalline structures as a possible cause of high-energy emissions | Theory, fractofusion, PdD | ||||||||
| 1201 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1994 | Screening of the Coulomb potential in a nondegenerate hydrogen isotope gas | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | Screening of the Coulomb potential in a nondegenerate hydrogen isotope gas | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1202 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1994 | Ferroelectrics for Cold Fusion | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 474 | Ferroelectrics for Cold Fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1203 | Journal Article | Fedorovich, G. V. | 1995 | The possible nature of cold fusion in the Earth's mantle | Fusion Technol., Vol = 28 | The possible nature of cold fusion in the Earth's mantle | Theory, geological, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1204 | Journal Article | Feenstra, R., de Bruin-Hordjik, G. J., Bakker, H. L. M., Griessen, R., De Groot, D. G. | 1983 | Critical Point Lowering in Thin Pd-H Films | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 13 | Critical Point Lowering in Thin Pd-H Films | Pd, H, phase Diagram thin layer | ||||||||
| 1205 | Journal Article | Feenstra, R., de Groot, D. G., Rector, J. H., Salomons, E. M., Griessen, R. | 1986 | Gravimetrical Determination of Pressure-Composition Isotherms of Thin Pd-H Films | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 16 | Gravimetrical Determination of Pressure-Composition Isotherms of Thin Pd-H Films | Pd, hydrogen, phase Diagram, thin layer, enthalpy | ||||||||
| 1206 | Journal Article | Feenstra, R., Griessen, R., de Groot, D. G. | 1986 | Hydrogen Induced Lattice Expansion and Effective H-H Interaction in Single Phase PdHc | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 16 | Hydrogen Induced Lattice Expansion and Effective H-H Interaction in Single Phase PdHc | PdH, Lattice Parameter, excess Volume | ||||||||
| 1207 | Journal Article | Fehn, T., Schiller, C. A. | 1989 | Cold nuclear fusion and electrochemical measuring techniques | Chem.-Tech. (Heidelberg), Vol = 18 | Cold nuclear fusion and electrochemical measuring techniques | electrolysis, Pd, neutron | ||||||||
| 1208 | Journal Article | Felici, R., Bertalot, L., De Ninno, A., La Barbera, A., Violante, V. | 1995 | In situ measurement of the deuterium (hydrogen) charging of a palladium electrode during electrolysis by energy dispersive x-ray diffraction | Rev. Sci. Instr., Vol = 66, Num = 5, Page = 3344 | In situ measurement of the deuterium (hydrogen) charging of a palladium electrode during electrolysis by energy dispersive x-ray diffraction | lattice Parameter, Pd, loading, PdD | ||||||||
| 1209 | Journal Article | Feng, S. | 1989 | Enhancement of cold fusion rate by electron polarization in palladium deuterium solid | Solid State Commun., Vol = 72 | Enhancement of cold fusion rate by electron polarization in palladium deuterium solid | Theory, tunneling, screening | ||||||||
| 1210 | Conference Proceedings | Fernandez, F., Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Sanchez, C. | 1990 | Nuclear Effects in Electrolytically Deuterated Ti and Pd Electrodes | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 130 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Nuclear Effects in Electrolytically Deuterated Ti and Pd Electrodes | tritium, neutron, Ti, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, negative | ||||
| 1211 | Conference Proceedings | Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Alguera, M., Sanchez, C. | 1993 | Cubic-Tetragonal Phase Transition in TiDx (X> or = 1.7) and its Possible Relation to Cold Fusion Reactions | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 11 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Cubic-Tetragonal Phase Transition in TiDx (X> or = 1.7) and its Possible Relation to Cold Fusion Reactions | Ti, D2, neutron, phase diagram, TiD, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1212 | Journal Article | Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C. | 1994 | Deuterium concentration profiles in electrochemically deuterated titanium and their evolution after electrolysis | J. Alloys Comp., Vol = 205 | Deuterium concentration profiles in electrochemically deuterated titanium and their evolution after electrolysis | electrolysis, Ti, loading, D2O, backscatterung, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 1213 | Journal Article | Fernandez, J. F., Cuevas, F., Alguero, M. | 1997 | Experimental investigation of neutron emissions during thermal cycling of TiDx (x = ca. 2.00) | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Experimental investigation of neutron emissions during thermal cycling of TiDx (x = ca. 2.00) | Ti, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 1214 | Journal Article | Ferrari, C., Papucci, F., Salvetti, G., Tognoni, E., Tombari, E. | 1996 | A calorimeter for the electrolytic cell and other open systems | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, Vol = 18 | A calorimeter for the electrolytic cell and other open systems | heat, method. | ||||||||
| 1215 | Journal Article | Feugeas, J. | 2001 | Comments on 'Evidence of micrometre-sized plasmoid emission during electrolysis cold fusion | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 40 | Comments on 'Evidence of micrometre-sized plasmoid emission during electrolysis cold fusion | plasmoids electrolysis, theory | ||||||||
| 1216 | Journal Article | Filimonov, V. A. | 1990 | Mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 20, Page = 29 (in Russian) | Mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | Theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 1217 | Journal Article | Filimonov, V. A. | 1990 | On the probability of cold nuclear fusion | Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 19, Page = 42 (in Russian) | On the probability of cold nuclear fusion | Theory, vibration | ||||||||
| 1218 | Journal Article | Filimonov, V. A. | 1992 | Cold nuclear fusion: Its possibility in principle and means of realization | Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys., Vol = 37, Num = 6, Page = 689 | Cold nuclear fusion: Its possibility in principle and means of realization | Theory, vibration | ||||||||
| 1219 | Journal Article | Filimonov, V. A. | 1992 | On the probability of cold nuclear fusion implementation: Synergetic hypothesis | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 162 | On the probability of cold nuclear fusion implementation: Synergetic hypothesis | Theory, vibration, defects | ||||||||
| 1220 | Conference Proceedings | Filimonov, V. A., Lishnevskii, V. A. | 1994 | Cold Fusion and Superfast Low-Temperature Chemical Processes in Solids: Common Basis for Understanding | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 24 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Cold Fusion and Superfast Low-Temperature Chemical Processes in Solids: Common Basis for Understanding | review | ||||
| 1221 | Journal Article | Filimonov, V. A. | 1994 | Synergetic Activation Model: Key to Intense and Reproducible Cold Fusion | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 455 | Synergetic Activation Model: Key to Intense and Reproducible Cold Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 1222 | Conference Proceedings | Filimonov, V. A. | 2004 | Neutrino-Driven Nuclear Reactions Of Cold Fusion And Transmutation | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Neutrino-Driven Nuclear Reactions Of Cold Fusion And Transmutation | theory, transmutation | |||||||
| 1223 | Conference Proceedings | Filippov, D., Lochak, G., Rukhadze, A., Urutskoev, L. | 2004 | On the possible magnetic mechanism of shortening the runaway of RBMK-1000 reactor at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | On the possible magnetic mechanism of shortening the runaway of RBMK-1000 reactor at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant | accident | |||||||
| 1224 | Conference Proceedings | Filippov, D., Rukhadze, A., Urutshoev, L. I. | 2004 | Effects of atomic electrons on nuclear stability and radioactive decay | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Effects of atomic electrons on nuclear stability and radioactive decay | transmutation, theory | 1. The only valid (necessary and sufficient) condition for b-stability of a nucleus is the minimum value of the mass of the atom (not of the nucleus) on the isobar line (that is, atomic weight = const). This condition holds true for all known isotopes without exception. 2. The condition of nuclear stability and the decay schemes of unstable nuclei depend on the state of the electron shells. Atom ionization and other perturbations in electron shells (caused, for example, by magnetic fields) not only changes the decay periods of unstable nuclei [1, 2], but also alters decay schemes [3] and modifies the stability condition. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FilippovDeffectsofa.pdf | |||||
| 1225 | Journal Article | Fimin, N. N. | 1996 | Quantum-interference effects and the mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., Vol = 22, Num = 5, Page = 17 (in Russian) | Quantum-interference effects and the mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | theory, QM, Bose condensate, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1226 | Journal Article | Fischer, U., Jaager, H., Lochte-Holtgreven, W. | 1973 | Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 44, Num = 2, Page = 161 | Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity | neutron, ND3, explosion | ||||||||
| 1227 | Journal Article | Fischer, U., Jaagerer, H., Lochte-Holtgreven, W. | 1973 | Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 44, Num = 2, Page = 161 | Neutron Emission Observed During the Electrical Explosion of Deuterated Liquids of Metallic Conductivity | neutron, ND3, explosion | ||||||||
| 1228 | Journal Article | Fisher, A. | 1990 | Much Ado About | MOSAIC, Vol = 21, Num = 2, Page = 13 | Much Ado About | review, history | ||||||||
| 1229 | Journal Article | Fisher, J. C. | 1992 | Polyneutrons as agents for cold nuclear reactions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Polyneutrons as agents for cold nuclear reactions | Theory, polyneutron | ||||||||
| 1230 | Journal Article | Fisher, J. C. | 1998 | Liquid-drop model for extremely neutron rich nuclei | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Liquid-drop model for extremely neutron rich nuclei | Theory, polyneutron | ||||||||
| 1231 | Conference Proceedings | Fisher, J. C. | 2003 | Theory of Low-Temperature Particle Showers | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Theory of Low-Temperature Particle Showers | theory | A theoretical basis is offered for the remarkable observation by Oriani and Fisher [1] of a shower of about 250,000 energetic charged particles that occurred in the vapor of oxygen and hydrogen evolved from electrolysis. The shower was localized in space and in time, originating a few millimeters above the surface of a plastic detector chip and lasting for a few seconds. The responsible nuclear reactions must have been sustained by the vapor constituents. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FisherJCtheoryoflo.pdf | |||
| 1232 | Conference Proceedings | Fisher, J. C. | 2005 | Polyneutron Theory of Transmutation | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Polyneutron Theory of Transmutation | theory | Polyneutron theory postulates that large clusters of neutrons are bound and stable against strong decay and that their interactions with ordinary nuclei are responsible for a new class of low-temperature nuclear phenomena. It is postulated that these clusters, also termed polyneutrons or neutron isotopes, grow to include hundreds of neutrons in chain reactions fueled by isotopes such as 2H, 18O, and 7Li. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FisherJCpolyneutroa.pdf | ||||
| 1233 | Conference Proceedings | Fisher, J. C. | 2007 | Outline of Polyneutron Theory | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Outline of Polyneutron Theory | Theory | I suggest that neutron clusters of sufficient size are bound and stable against strong decay; and that they can react with ordinary nuclei by transferring neutrons to them, accepting neutrons from them, and binding with them to form composite nuclei. Implications of this enlarged scope of nuclear physics are explored, including a chain reaction with nuclear fuel 2H that produces energy, 4He, 3H, and a wide range of nuclear transmutations. Natural explanations emerge for these and other nuclear phenomena for which evidence has been accumulating over the past two decades. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FisherJCoutlineofp.pdf | |||||
| 1234 | Conference Proceedings | Fisher, J. C. | 2007 | External Radiation Produced by Electrolysis -- A Work in Progress | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | External Radiation Produced by Electrolysis -- A Work in Progress | cr-39, particle emission | Oriani has shown that electrolysis of ordinary water generates showers of energetic charged particles that can be detected outside the electrolysis cell. Here I attempt to confirm external radiation and to explore some of its properties. Possible sources of error are investigated. Preliminary experiments have not revealed showers, but they suggest that a flux of radiation may be emitted from the cell with an intensity that declines with distance from the cell. Further work with better control of environmental factors is required before a definitive statement can be made. Nuclear reactions and decay products that may be responsible for the radiation remain to be identified. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=71 | |||||
| 1235 | Journal Article | Fisher, J. C. | 2007 | Palladium Fission Triggered by Polyneutrons | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Palladium Fission Triggered by Polyneutrons | Fission, LENR reaction, Liquid drop model, Palladium, Polyneutron | Polyneutron theory is applied to experiments of Iwamura et al. that show evidence for titanium and for an anomalous iron isotope ratio in palladium cathodes following electrolysis. Theory and experiment are in reasonable agreement. Experiments are suggested for additional testing of the theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 1236 | Journal Article | Fisher, J. C. | 2015 | Neutron Isotope Theory of LENR Processes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 183 Neutron Isotope Theory of LENR Processes | LENR, Neutron Isotope, Nuclear reaction, Theory | Neutron isotopes are characterized and their reactions with ordinary isotopes are described. A theory of LENR processes emerges. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=190 | ||||||
| 1237 | Journal Article | Fishman, R. S., Mahan, G. D. | 1989 | Binding of charged particles in lattice defects | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 17, Page = 11493 | Binding of charged particles in lattice defects | Theory, jellium | ||||||||
| 1238 | Newspaper Article | Fitzpatrick, T. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Meet Ends Without Agreement | Salt Lake City Tribune | Salt Lake CityEditor | Cold Fusion Meet Ends Without Agreement | newspaper, history | |||||||
| 1239 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A. | 1959 | Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium in Aqueous Solution | Faraday Soc. Trans., Vol = 55 | Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium in Aqueous Solution | Pd, H, resistivity, loading | ||||||||
| 1240 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Lewis, F. A. | 1959 | Electrode Potentials of the Palladium + Hydrogen System | Faraday Soc., Vol = 55 | Electrode Potentials of the Palladium + Hydrogen System | Pd, H, overvoltage, thermodynamic, solubility | ||||||||
| 1241 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B. | 1961 | Absorption of Deuterium by Palladium | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 65 | Absorption of Deuterium by Palladium | Pd, D, resistivity, overvoltage, pressure | ||||||||
| 1242 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Simon, J. W. | 1966 | Consequences of the Proton Model for Hydrogen Adsorption in the b Phase of the Hydrogen-Palladium System | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 70 | Consequences of the Proton Model for Hydrogen Adsorption in the b Phase of the Hydrogen-Palladium System | Pd, H2, PdH, adsorption, theory, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 1243 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Lynch, J. F., Clewley, J. D., Turkovich, B. V. | 1979 | The Effect of Lattice Defects on Hydrogen Solubility in Palladium, I. Experimentally Observed Solubility Enhancements and Thermodynamics of Absorption | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 49 | The Effect of Lattice Defects on Hydrogen Solubility in Palladium, I. Experimentally Observed Solubility Enhancements and Thermodynamics of Absorption | Pd, H, excess Volume, vacancy, phase diagram, solubility PdH | ||||||||
| 1244 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Clewley, J. D., Kuji, T., Park, C. N., Everett, D. H. | 1982 | Isobaric and Isothermal Hysteresis in Metal Hydrides and Oxides | J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., Vol = 82 | Isobaric and Isothermal Hysteresis in Metal Hydrides and Oxides | phase Diagram, theory, PdH | ||||||||
| 1245 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Oates, W. A. | 1983 | The Effect of Hysteresison the Phase Diagram of Pd-H | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 92 | The Effect of Hysteresison the Phase Diagram of Pd-H | PdH, hydrogen, phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 1246 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Biehl, G. E., Clewley, J. D., Kuji, T., Sakamoto, Y. | 1986 | Hydrogen Solubility in Ordered and Disordered Palladium alloys | NATO ASI Ser., Ser. B | Hydrogen Solubility in Ordered and Disordered Palladium alloys | solubility, hydrogen, PdCe, resistance, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 1247 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Oates, W. A. | 1991 | The Palladium-Hydrogen System | Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., Vol = 21 | The Palladium-Hydrogen System | PdH, Phase Diagram, diffusion, Lattice Parameter bonding thermodynamic, review | ||||||||
| 1248 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Luo, W., Clewley, J. D. | 1991 | Calorimetric enthalpies of absorption and desorption of protium and deuterium by palladium | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 172-174 | Calorimetric enthalpies of absorption and desorption of protium and deuterium by palladium | electrolysis, Pd, thermodynamic, heat, PdD | ||||||||
| 1249 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Noh, H. | 1995 | Thermodynamics and hysteresis for hydrogen solution and hydride formation in Pd-Ni alloys | Z. Naturforsch. A, Vol = 50 | Thermodynamics and hysteresis for hydrogen solution and hydride formation in Pd-Ni alloys | Pd-Ni-H, phase diagram, pressure, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 1250 | Journal Article | Flanagan, T. B., Wang, D. L., Noh, H. | 1997 | The effect of cycling through the hydride phase on isotherms for fcc Pd-rich alloys | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | The effect of cycling through the hydride phase on isotherms for fcc Pd-rich alloys | PdH, Phase diagram, Pd-Ni-H, Pd-Cr-H, Pd-Mo-H, Pd-Au-H, Pd-Ag-H | ||||||||
| 1251 | Journal Article | Flannigan, D. J., Suslick, K. | 2005 | Plasma formation and temperature measurement during single-bubble cavitation (letter) | Nature (London), Vol = 434 | Plasma formation and temperature measurement during single-bubble cavitation (letter) | Sonoluminescence, accustic | ||||||||
| 1252 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S. | 1987 | The behavior of microdisk and microring electrodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 222 | The behavior of microdisk and microring electrodes | theory, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 1253 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Hawkins, M. | 1989 | Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 261 | Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium. The paper that started it all going. | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, neutron, tritium, 4He, D2O | The strange behaviour of electrogenerated hydrogen dissolved in palladium has been studied for well over 100 years, and latterly these studies have been extended to deuterium and tritium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanelectroche.pdf | ||||||
| 1254 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Hawkins, M., Hoffman, R. J. | 1989 | Measurements of gamma-rays from cold fusion | Nature (London), Vol = 339, Num = 622, Page = 667 | Measurements of gamma-rays from cold fusion | critique, history, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 1255 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 1990 | An Overview of Cold Fuson Phenomena | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 344 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | An Overview of Cold Fuson Phenomena | theory, history, ICCF-1 | The present position of research in the field of Cold Fusion has already been outlined in two papers presented at this meeting. This report will therefore emphasize the early work and general considerations which led us to investigate the possibility of inducing nuclear reactions of D+ in palladium electrodes. This is followed by a brief assessment of the position reached at the end of the first year of research in this field as summarized by the papers presented at this conference. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmananoverview.pdf | ||
| 1256 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Anderson, M. W., Li, L. J., Hawkins, M. | 1990 | Calorimetry of the palladium-deuterium-heavy water system | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 287 | Calorimetry of the palladium-deuterium-heavy water system | electrolysis, heat+, Pd, D2O, tritium | It is shown that accurate values of the rates of enthalpy generation in the electrolysis of light and heavy water can be obtained from measurements in simple, single compartment Dewar type calorimeter cells. This precise evaluation of the rate of enthalpy generation relies on the non-linear regression fitting of the 'black-box' model of the calorimeter to an extensive set of temperature time measurements. The method of data analysis gives a systematic underestimate of the enthalpy output and, in consequence, a slightly negative excess rate of enthalpy generation for an extensive set of blank experiments using both light and heavy water. By contrast, the electrolysis of heavy water at palladium electrodes shows a positive excess rate of enthalpy generation; this rate increases markedly with current density, reaching values of approximately 100 W cm^-3 at approximately 1 A cm^-2. It is also shown that prolonged polarization of palladium cathodes in heavy water leads to bursts in the rate of enthalpy generation; the thermal output of the cells exceeds the enthalpy input (or the total energy input) to the cells by factors in excess of 40 during these bursts. The total specific energy output during the bursts as well as the total specific energy output of fully charged electrodes subjected to prolonged polarization (5-50 MJ cm^-3) is 10^2 - 10^3 times larger than the enthalpy of reaction of chemical processes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmancalorimetr.pdf | ||||||
| 1257 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 1991 | The Present Status of Research in Cold Fusion | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 475 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | The Present Status of Research in Cold Fusion | review, heat, history, ICCF-2 | In the development of any new area of research (and especially in one likely to arouse controversy!) it is desirable to achieve first of all a qualitative explanation of the demonstration of the phenomena invoked in the observations. It is the qualitative demonstrations which are unambiguous: the quantitative analyses of the experimental results can be the subject of debate but, if these quantitative analyses stand in opposition to the qualitative demonstration, then these methods of analysis must be judged to be incorrect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanthepresent.pdf | ||
| 1258 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S. | 1992 | Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: from Simplicity via Complications to Simplicity | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 47 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: from Simplicity via Complications to Simplicity | calorimetry heat Pd D2O electrolysis boiling method, ICCF-3 | It is shown that accurate values of the rates of enthalpy generation in the electrolysis of light and heavy water can be obtained from measurements in simple, single compartment Dewar type calorimeter cells. This precise evaluation of the rate of enthalpy generation relies on the non-linear regression fitting of the 'black-box' model of the calorimeter to an extensive set of temperature time measurements. The method of data analysis gives a systematic underestimate of the enthalpy output and, in consequence, a slightly negative excess rate of enthalpy generation for an extensive set of blank experiments using both light and heavy water. By contrast, the electrolysis of heavy water at palladium electrodes shows a positive excess rate of enthalpy generation; this rate increases markedly with current density, reaching values of approximately 100 W cm^-3 at approximately 1 A cm^-2. It is also shown that prolonged polarization of palladium cathodes in heavy water leads to bursts in the rate of enthalpy generation; the thermal output of the cells exceeds the enthalpy input (or the total energy input) to the cells by factors in excess of 40 during these bursts. The total specific energy output during the bursts as well as the total specific energy output of fully charged electrodes subjected to prolonged polarization (5-50 MJ cm^-3) is 10^2 - 10^3 times larger than the enthalpy of reaction of chemical processes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmancalorimetra.pdf | ||
| 1259 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S. | 1992 | Some comments on the paper Analysis of experiments on the calorimetry of LiOD-D2O electrochemical cells, R.H. Wilson et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 332 [1992] 1 | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 332 | Some comments on the paper Analysis of experiments on the calorimetry of LiOD-D2O electrochemical cells, R.H. Wilson et al., J. Electroanal. Chem. 332 [1992] 1 | critique, Wilson | ||||||||
| 1260 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Le Roux, M., Roulette, J. | 1993 | Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: The Search for Simplicity and Accuracy | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 1-1 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O System: The Search for Simplicity and Accuracy | heat+, theory, method, ICCF-4 | Our search for high levels of the rates of excess enthalpy generation in the Pd-D2O and Pd-alloy-D2O systems has been based inter alia on the following preconditions and suppositions: (i) that it is necessary to use materials which will withstand the high stresses induced by the experiments; (ii) given that (i) is assured, that it is necessary to adopt particular experimental protocols to achieve excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperatures; (iii) that the protocols (ii) should ensure a high D/Pd ratio under all conditions; (iv) that the protocols (ii) and (iii) should allow one to take advantage of 'positive feedback' in the systems; (v) that the systems are sensitive to 'hidden state variables;' (vi) that the state variables need to be further generalised to take account of cross-terms and of gradients with position. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf#page=23 | |||
| 1261 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S. | 1993 | Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O system: from simplicity via complications to simplicity | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 176 | Calorimetry of the Pd-D2O system: from simplicity via complications to simplicity | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, D2O, life after death | We present here one aspect of our recent research on the calorimetry of the Pd/D2O system which has been concerned with high rates of specific excess enthalpy generation (> 1kWcm^-3) at temperatures close to (or at) the boiling point of the electrolyte solution. This has led to a particularly simple method of deriving the rate of excess enthalpy production based on measuring the times required to boil the cells to dryness, this process being followed by using time-lapse video recordings. Our use of this simple method as well as our investigations of the results of other research groups prompts us to present also other simple methods of data analysis which we have used in the preliminary evaluations of these systems. | |||||||
| 1262 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S., Preparata, G. | 1994 | Possible theories of cold fusion | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 107 | Possible theories of cold fusion | theory | Summary. -- We review some of the key facts in the phenomenology of Pd-hydrides usually referred to as ?old fusion?. We conclude that all theoretical attempts that concentrate only on few-body interactions, both electromagnetic and nuclear, are probably insufficient to explain such phenomena. On the other hand we find good indications that theories describing collective, coherent interactions among elementary constituents leading to macroscopic quantum-mechanical effects belong to the class of possible theories of those phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanpossibleth.pdf | ||||||
| 1263 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S. | 1994 | Reply to the critique by Morrison entitled 'Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by Fleischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 187 | Reply to the critique by Morrison entitled 'Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by Fleischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil | critique, Morrison | These two documents first appeared in the Internet sci.physics.fusion forum in 1993. The first was written by Douglas Morrison (CERN), and the second by Martin Fleischmann (Univ. Southhampton) and Stanley Pons (IMRA Europe). A version of this was published as: Fleischmann, M. and S. Pons, Reply to the critique by Morrison entitled ?omments on claims of excess enthalpy by FLeischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil. Phys. Lett. A, 1994. 187: p. 276. This debate refers mainly to paper 'Calorimetry of the PD-D2O System: from Simplicity via Complications to Simplicity,' published in Physics Letters A. A simlar paper was later published in the ICCF-3 conference proceedings and handed out by Fleischmann, which is on this web site. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanreplytothe.pdf | ||||||
| 1264 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 1995 | The Experimenters' Regress | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 152 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | The Experimenters' Regress | Harwell, critique, electrolysis, heat, Pd, ICCF-5, D2O | Introduction At the beginning of any new and controversial field of investigation, we cannot tell which of the following two statements is true: A. 'Positive' conclusions are correct; 'negative' results are due to bad experimentation. B. 'Negative' conclusions are correct; 'positive' results are due to bad experimentation. This is the basis of the Experimenters' Regress, a concept drawn from the field of the Sociology of Science, e.g. see ( 1 ). As scientists, we also need to examine the possible validity of the following statement (as well as its corollary) . . . Claims Harwell data shows evidence for heat bursts. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=169 | ||
| 1265 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 1995 | More About Positive Feedback; More About Boiling | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 140 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | More About Positive Feedback; More About Boiling | D2O, Pd, electrolysis, heat, positive feedback, enthalpy of formation, ICCF-5 | We have already described elsewhere ( 1 ,2) some of the principles which have guided our search for the generation of high rates of excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperatures, say, up to the boiling points of the electrolytes (3,4) . One of these principles has been the prediction that the partial molar enthalpy of absorption of hydrogen (or deuterium) in palladium (5) will become positive at the high charging ratios (X = DlPd) required for excess enthalpy generation (6,7), see Fig 1. Although a transition from exothermic to endothermic absorption is probably not a necessary condition for achieving excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperaturesl , such a transition will certainly facilitate the achievement of high charging ratios. For example, increases of temperature will then themselves lead to increases in X and thereby in the rates of excess enthalpy generation. These are the conditions required for the development of 'positive feedback' and; in this paper, we report on two lines of investigation which have indicated the presence of these effects. We then outline the way in which our understanding of this phenomenon has guided our investigation of excess enthalpy generation at elevated temperatures. Notes that a temperature increase caused during calibration causes an increase in excess heat production, thus positive feedback. Claims this is caused by an increase in D/Pd because a composition have a positive *H (absorption) is reached. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=157 | ||
| 1266 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 1998 | Cold Fusion; Past, Present & Future | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 119 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Cold Fusion; Past, Present & Future | review, ICCF-7 | In reviewing first of all some of the early history of research into the nuclear reactions of D + compressed into host lattices we need to consider the applicability (or otherwise) of existing paradigms . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmancoldfusion.pdf | ||
| 1267 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 2000 | Giuliano Preparata: An Appreciation | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = XXIII | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Giuliano Preparata: An Appreciation | history, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1268 | Journal Article | Fleischmann, M. | 2000 | Reflections on the Sociology of Science and Social Responsibility in Science, in Relationship to Cold Fusion | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Reflections on the Sociology of Science and Social Responsibility in Science, in Relationship to Cold Fusion | Section 1.? Introduction I have been asked on several occasions during the last ten years to provide a commentary on subjects such as the Sociology of Science, Social Responsibility in Science etc. with special reference to the topic of 'Cold Fusion'.? I have always been reluctant to do so for two principal reasons.??? The first is that I believe that the consideration of these topics is premature.?? The reason is that I am convinced that there is much more information which bears on such topics which will be revealed in the fullness of time.? Furthermore, there are aspects of the past history, developments and, indeed, of the science which I do not wish to discuss even at the present time. Inevitably, therefore, any such article will be incomplete, will lack focus and will be couched in rather general terms.? This is the way the present article has turned out to be; in view of the evident deficiencies, it should only be taken as a first step in trying to develop a discussion of the important Social Issues. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanreflection.pdf | |||||||
| 1269 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 2002 | Searching for the consequences of many-body effects in condensed phase systems | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Searching for the consequences of many-body effects in condensed phase systems 3997 | history, theory, ICCF-9, electrolysis | Some of the background work which led to the decision to investigate the behaviour of D+ electrochemically compressed into Pd host lattices is outlined. The key features of such 'Cold Fusion' systems are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmansearchingf.pdf | |||
| 1270 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M. | 2003 | Background to Cold Fusion: the Genesis of a Concept | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Background to Cold Fusion: the Genesis of a Concept | theory, history | The scheme of research which led to the start-up of the project now known as 'Cold Fusion' is illustrated by Fig. 1. We note that it is commonly believed that there is absolutely no way of influencing Nuclear Processes by Chemical means: therefore, any results that demonstrate that this might be possible must be due to faulty experimentation, delusion, fraud etc. However, any enquiry as to the experimental foundation of the first statement in Fig. 1 is normally met by the response: 'because quantum mechanics, Q.M., shows that this is so'. We are driven to the conclusion that this first statement is just part of the belief-system of Natural Scientists and we naturally also have to ask the question; 'what conclusion would we draw if we subject the statement to the dictates of Field Theory?' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanbackground.pdf | |||
| 1271 | Conference Proceedings | Fleischmann, M., Miles, M. | 2003 | The 'Instrument Function' of Isoperibolic Calorimeters; Excess Enthalpy Generation due to the Parasitic Reduction of Oxygen | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The 'Instrument Function' of Isoperibolic Calorimeters; Excess Enthalpy Generation due to the Parasitic Reduction of Oxygen | calorimeter, method | Two criticisms which are frequently advanced to counter observations of the generation of excess enthalpy in the cathodic polarisations of Pd-based electrodes in D2O-based electrolytes (e.g. see (1), (2)) are usually based on the assertion that the isoperibolic calorimeters used in these studies are imprecise and inaccurate. Furthermore, any excess enthalpy generation is then attributed to the reduction of electrogenerated oxygen although such assertions have not been accompanied by appropriate measurements. There is naturally a link between these two assertions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmantheinstrum.pdf | |||
| 1272 | Book Section | Fleischmann, M. | 2008 | Background to Cold Fusion: The Genesis of a Concept | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Background to Cold Fusion: The Genesis of a Concept | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch002 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch002 | ||||||
| 1273 | Report | Fleischmann, M., Miles, M. | 2012 | Thermal Behavior of the Polarized Pd/D2O System | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | Mosier-Boss, P. A. | LENR-CANR.org | Thermal Behavior of the Polarized Pd/D2O System | Excess heat | The research in the thermal behavior of the polarized Pd/D-D2O system was, and still is, directed towards determining the conditions maximizing excess enthalpy production. At the present time, a sustained low grade heat source can be maintained for considerable periods of time. Although the excess enthalpy production in these systems is generally accepted, there are still instances of misunderstanding even among seasoned scientists. In the series of papers entitled 'Our penultimate papers on the isoperibolic calorimetry of the Pt/D2O and Pd/D2) systems', Prof. Fleischmann (and his collaborators) deals with the correct and incorrect interpretation of calorimetric data. In a separate paper 'More about positive feedback; more about boiling' Prof. Fleischmann discusses aspects of this system of interest to practical applications, viz the design of an effective energy source. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanthermalbeh.pdf | ||||
| 1274 | Report | Fleischmann, M., Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F., Dea, J., Miles, M., Chubb, S. R. | 2012 | Experimental Evidence of Nuclear Reactions Generated in a Polarized Pd/D Lattice | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | LENR-CANR.org | Experimental Evidence of Nuclear Reactions Generated in a Polarized Pd/D Lattice | Excess heat, tritium | This report reviews research activities on the polarized Pd/D2O system. In contrast to the pioneering work of Fleischmann and his collaborators, we consider only events at, and/or, within Pd electrodes prepared by the co-deposition technique developed in this laboratory. Our effort proceeded along two paths: (i) investigation of thermal and nuclear events in the Pd host lattice and (ii) examination of the role of the interphase region. These paths were undertaken to assess the intensity of events and to provide some information on the factors controlling the initiation and maintenance of excess enthalpy generation, i.e., the 'performance envelope'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanexperiment.pdf | |||||
| 1275 | Report | Fleischmann, M., Miles, M. | 2018 | Letters from Martin Fleischmann to Melvin Miles | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | Carter, R., McKubre, M. C. H., Rothwell, J. | LENR-CANR.org | Letters from Martin Fleischmann to Melvin Miles | History | This is a collection of letters between Martin Fleischmann, the co-discoverer of cold fusion, and Melvin Miles, who was one of the first to replicate the effect at the Naval Weapons Center, China Lake laboratory. It also includes some correspondence with Stanley Pons and various other people. The collection spans 13 years, from 1992 to 2005. Fleischmann and Miles coauthored several papers, including some with other researchers associated with the U.S. Navy, notably Pamela Mosier-Boss, Stanislaw Szpak and Ashraf Imam. Most of these papers are about calorimetry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmanlettersfroa.pdf | ||||
| 1276 | Report | Fleischmann, M., Miles, M. | 2018 | Critique of N.H.E. Paper by Saito et al. | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | LENR-CANR.org | Critique of N.H.E. Paper by Saito et al. | History | This is a letter from Martin Fleischmann to Melvin Miles, written in 1998. It is mainly a critique of a report by Saito et al. of the N.H.E. The introduction is by Miles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Fleischmancritiqueof.pdf | |||||
| 1277 | Journal Article | Fleming, J. W., Law, H. H., Sapjeta, J., Gallagher, P. K., Marohn, W. F. | 1990 | Calorimetric studies of electrochemical incorporation of hydrogen isotopes into palladium | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 517 | Calorimetric studies of electrochemical incorporation of hydrogen isotopes into palladium | heat-, method, electrolysis, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 1278 | Journal Article | Flitt, H. J., Bockris, J. | 1982 | Concerning Adsorbed and Absorbed Hydrogen on and in Ferrous Metals | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 7 | Concerning Adsorbed and Absorbed Hydrogen on and in Ferrous Metals | Fe, H, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 1279 | Journal Article | Focardi, S., Habel, R., Piantelli, F. | 1994 | Anomalous heat production in Ni-H systems | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 107A | Anomalous heat production in Ni-H systems | Ni, H2, heat+ | ||||||||
| 1280 | Journal Article | Focardi, S., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F., Veronesi, S. | 1998 | Large excess heat production in Ni-H systems | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 111A | Large excess heat production in Ni-H systems | Ni, H2, heat+ | Summary. -- Evidence of a large heat excess produced in Ni-H systems and details of the calorimetric measurements are reported in this paper. Two cells which ran for long periods (about 300 days) produced an energy excess of 600MJ and 900MJ, respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FocardiSlargeexces.pdf | ||||||
| 1281 | Conference Proceedings | Focardi, S., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F., Veronesi, S. | 1999 | On the Ni-H System | Anomalies in Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Metals | Collis, W. J. M. F. | Bologna | 1999 | On the Ni-H System | nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat+, neutron, gamma emission transmutation | |||||
| 1282 | Conference Proceedings | Focardi, S., Gabbani, V., Montalbano, V., Piantelli, F., Veronesi, F. | 2004 | Evidence of electromagnetic radiation from Ni-H Systems | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Evidence of electromagnetic radiation from Ni-H Systems | nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat | We report evidence of photon emission in three experiments with hydrogen loading of Ni slabs, during the degassing phase, when hydrogen was introduced into the cell, and during thermal cycling. In the first experiment we obtained excess power of about 20 W, while in the second experiment photon emission was observed instead of power production. In the third experiment, a Ni sample in hydrogen underwent thermal excitation and showed an increasing photon emission for a few hours. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FocardiSevidenceof.pdf | |||||
| 1283 | Journal Article | Focardi, S., Rossi, A. | 2010 | A new energy source from nuclear fusion | www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com | A new energy source from nuclear fusion | A process (international patent publication no WO 2009/125444 A1) capable of producing large amounts of energy by a nuclear fusion process between nickel and hydrogen, occurring below 1000 K, is described. Experimental values of the ratios between output and input energies obtained in a certain number of experiments are reported. The occurrence of the effect is justified on the basis of existing experimental and theoretical results. Measurements performed during the experiments allow to exclude neutron and gamma rays emissions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FocardiSanewenergy.pdf | |||||||
| 1284 | Journal Article | Foglio, P. A., Sangiust, V., Cavallotti, P. L., Ducati, U., Bortignon, P. F. | 1990 | Neutron monitoring and related measurements during electrolysis of heavy water with palladium and titanium cathodes: activity report | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Neutron monitoring and related measurements during electrolysis of heavy water with palladium and titanium cathodes: activity report | electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, tritium, D2O | ||||||||
| 1285 | Conference Proceedings | Fonda, L., Shaw, G. L. | 1990 | Flucturations and Nonreproducibility in Cold Fusion From Free Quark Catalysis | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 711 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Flucturations and Nonreproducibility in Cold Fusion From Free Quark Catalysis | theory, quark | ||||
| 1286 | Journal Article | Fonda, L., Shaw, G. L. | 1990 | Deuteron cold fusion by anti-diquark catalysis | Fizika (Zagreb), Vol = 22 | Deuteron cold fusion by anti-diquark catalysis | Theory, anti-diquarks | ||||||||
| 1287 | Conference Proceedings | Forsley, L., August, R., Jorne, J., Khim, J., Mis, F., Phillips, G. | 1998 | Analyzing Nuclear Ash from the Electrocatalytic Reduction of Radioactivity in Uranium and Thorium | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 128 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Analyzing Nuclear Ash from the Electrocatalytic Reduction of Radioactivity in Uranium and Thorium | transmutation, U, Th, ICCF-7 | A proprietary electrolytic system for the reduction of radioactivity in uranium and thorium was evaluated from June through December 1 996. An exhaustive analysis of reaction materials taken before, during and after the experiments was carried out. These tests involved trace metals analysis via Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA), Energy Dispersive Atomic Xray (ED AX) analysis and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (lCPIMS). Additional tests involved high resolution mass spectroscopy of evolved gasses and reaction products, allowing isotopic diff erentiation, and high resolution gamma spectroscopy. Neutrons were searched for via 235U fission fragments and n-gamma reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=128 | ||
| 1288 | Conference Proceedings | Forsley, L., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 2012 | Nuclear Products Observed in the PdD Co-Dep System (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Nuclear Products Observed in the PdD Co-Dep System (PowerPoint slides) | Co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, heat+, film | Conclusion * Multiple Nuclear Channels ? * Fast protons ? * Fast neutrons * Collateral Damage ? * Tritium previously observed ? * Elemental transmutation * Aneutronic Thermal Channel | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ForsleyLnuclearpro.pdf | |||||
| 1289 | Journal Article | Forsley, L., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 2019 | Space Application of the GeNIE Hybrid(TM) Fusion-Fission Generator | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Space Application of the GeNIE Hybrid (TM) Fusion-Fission Generator | Fast fission, Fusion, LANR, NASA, Space power | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=104 | |||||||
| 1290 | Journal Article | Fou, C. | 2006 | Deuteron-Deuteron [dd] Binding via Neutron Exchange | Infinite Energy, Vol = 11, Num = 66, Page = 26 | Deuteron-Deuteron [dd] Binding via Neutron Exchange | |||||||||
| 1291 | Journal Article | Fou, C. | 2007 | Coulomb Field for LENR in Solid | Infinite Energy, Vol = 12, Num = 71, Page = 25 | Coulomb Field for LENR in Solid | theory | ||||||||
| 1292 | Conference Proceedings | Fou, C. | 2008 | Investigation of Deuteron-Deuteron Cold Fusion in a Cavity | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Investigation of Deuteron-Deuteron Cold Fusion in a Cavity | theory | A cavity in a solid, first of all, serves as a place of confinement for a Deuterium molecule. Two deuterons in the molecule are trapped together in close proximity. Thus, they may engage in 'Low Energy Nuclear Reaction' which requires longer time, unlike collision type of nuclear reaction. Secondly, the electric field in the cavity (to be shown below) superimposed on this deuteron-pair would lower the Coulomb barrier between them facilitating a 'Low Energy Fusion' reaction. Furthermore, neutron exchange reaction between two deuterons (in an analogous manner like the electron exchange that forms a Deuterium molecule) is like a 'Long Range' force (as compared to the range of nuclear force) that can pull two deuterons together. This range is longer than that of the pi-plus exchange nuclear force between a proton and a neutron, because neutrons are charge neutral. [1] Longer reaction time; [2] Lowered Coulomb Barrier; [3] Longer range are the necessary conditions for (d-d) 'Cold Fusion'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FouCinvestigat.pdf | |||||
| 1293 | Journal Article | Fowler, W. A., Burbidge, E. M., Burbidge, G. R., Hoyle, F. | 1965 | The synthesis and destruction of elements in peculiar stars of types A and B | Astrophys. J., Vol = 142, Num = 2, Page = 423-450 | The synthesis and destruction of elements in peculiar stars of types A and B theory | |||||||||
| 1294 | Journal Article | Fowler, W. A., Caughlan, G. R., Zimmermann, B. A. | 1967 | Thermonuclear Reaction Rates | Ann. Rev. Astr. Astrophys., Vol = 5 | Thermonuclear Reaction Rates | branching ratio | ||||||||
| 1295 | Journal Article | Fowler, W. A. | 1989 | Cold fusion results still unexplained | Nature (London), Vol = 339, Num = 6223, Page = 345 | Cold fusion results still unexplained | Theory | ||||||||
| 1296 | Journal Article | Fowler, M., Claytor, T. N. | 2019 | Development of a Sensitive Detection System for the Measurement of Trace Amounts of 4He in Deuterium, Hydrogen, and Other Gasses | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Development of a Sensitive Detection System for the Measurement of Trace Amounts of 4He in Deuterium, Hydrogen, and Other Gasses | Chromatographic gas separation, Helium analysis, LENR product analysis, Mass spectrometry, Trace gas analysis | Many LENR systems have been reported to generate small amounts of 4He from experiments that employ deuterium as part of the experiment. There are few analytical methods that can detect trace amounts of 4He in the presence of D2. Most commercial magnetic sector mass spectrometers are large and expensive and, while they have excellent ?m/m resolution, they still require some additional separation of He, such as a getter system to achieve ppb sensitivity. We have developed a lower cost, compact system that allows us to measure 4He down to sub ppm levels in D2 and other gasses. This system utilizes a column of activated carbon cooled with liquid nitrogen (LN2) that effectively absorbs everything but helium. Post absorption, the system uses an MKS Microvision residual gas analyzer (RGA) and a Stanford Research Systems (SRS) RS 100 RGA to check for helium purity. The helium eluted from the column is quantified by a small magnetic sector mass spectrometer tuned to mass 4. A typical sample size required to achieve ppb sensitivity to 4He is 50 cm3 at 50 Torr. Calibrations have been done with air, 4He in D2 at various concentrations and show a 3% variation from standard sample to standard sample. We will discuss the typical operation of this instrument and show results from various calibrations using different carrier gases. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=307 | ||||||
| 1297 | Book | Fox, H. | 1992 | Cold Fusion Impact in the Enhanced Energy Age | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Fusion Information Center | Salt Lake City | Cold Fusion Impact in the Enhanced Energy Age | history | ||||||
| 1298 | Conference Proceedings | Fox, H. | 1993 | Cold Nuclear Fusion & Enhanced Energy Devices: A Progress Report | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 33 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Cold Nuclear Fusion & Enhanced Energy Devices: A Progress Report | review, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1299 | Journal Article | Fox, H. | 1993 | Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion' | critique, Matsumoto | ||||||||
| 1300 | Conference Proceedings | Fox, H. | 1994 | Cold Nuclear Fusion, Space Energy Devices & Commercialization | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 12 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Cold Nuclear Fusion, Space Energy Devices & Commercialization | review | ||||
| 1301 | Conference Proceedings | Fox, H. | 1995 | A Survey of Current International 'Cold Fusion' Research | IECEC Conference | Paper #95-247 | A Survey of Current International 'Cold Fusion' Research | Review | |||||||
| 1302 | Conference Proceedings | Fox, H., Bass, R. W. | 1995 | Cold versus hot fusion deuterium branching ratios | Proceedings of 16th International Symposium on Fusion Engineering | IEEE | Cold versus hot fusion deuterium branching ratios | Plasma fusion, cold fusion | |||||||
| 1303 | Journal Article | Fox, H. | 1996 | Cold Fusion and the Coulomb Barrier | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 23 | Cold Fusion and the Coulomb Barrier | theory | ||||||||
| 1304 | Journal Article | Fox, H., Bass, R. W., Jin, S. X. | 1996 | Plasma-injected transmutation | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 222 | Plasma-injected transmutation | transmutation, electron cluster | ||||||||
| 1305 | Journal Article | Fox, H. | 1997 | Charge clusters in operation | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 12, Page = 62 | Charge clusters in operation | charge clusters, theory | ||||||||
| 1306 | Journal Article | Fox, H. | 1997 | Do Thorium Daughter Products Explain LENT-1 Experiments? | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 3/4, Page = 20 | Do Thorium Daughter Products Explain LENT-1 Experiments? | transmutation, LENT | ||||||||
| 1307 | Journal Article | Fox, H., Jin, S. X. | 1997 | Operating the LENT-1 transmutation reactor: Preliminary report | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 110 | Operating the LENT-1 transmutation reactor: Preliminary report | transmutation, method, LENT | ||||||||
| 1308 | Journal Article | Fox, H., Jin, S. X. | 1997 | Operating the LENT-1 Transmutation Reactor: A Preliminary Report | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 110 | Operating the LENT-1 Transmutation Reactor: A Preliminary Report | transmutation, LENT | ||||||||
| 1309 | Journal Article | Fox, H. | 1998 | New-Energy Anomalies | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 2/3, Page = 47 | New-Energy Anomalies | review | ||||||||
| 1310 | Journal Article | Fox, H., Jin, S. X. | 1998 | Low-energy nuclear reactions and high-density charge clusters | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 20, Page = 26 | Low-energy nuclear reactions and high-density charge clusters | charge clusters, theory transmutation LENT | ||||||||
| 1311 | Report | Fralick, G. C., Decker, A. J., Blue, J. W. | 1989 | Results Of An Attempt To Measure Increased Rates Of The Reaction 2D + 2D --> 3He + n In A Nonelectrochemical Cold Fusion Experiment | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 20, Page = 26 | NASA | Cleveland, OH | Results Of An Attempt To Measure Increased Rates Of The Reaction 2D + 2D --> 3He + n In A Nonelectrochemical Cold Fusion Experiment | An experiment was performed at the Lewis Research Center to look for evidence of deuterium fusion in palladium. The experiment, which involved introducing deuterium into the palladium filter of a hydrogen purifier, was designed to detect neutrons produced in the reaction 2D + 2D → 3He + n as well as heat production. The neutron counts for deuterium did not differ significantly from background or from the counts for a hydrogen control. Heat production was detected when deuterium, but not hydrogen, was pumped from the purifier. | TM-102430 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FralickGCresultsofa.pdf | |||||
| 1312 | Report | Fralick, G. C., Wrbanek, J., Wrbanek, S., Niedra, J. M. | 2011 | LENR at GRC (PowerPoint slides) | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 20, Page = 26 | NASA Glenn Research Center | Cleveland, OH | LENR at GRC (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | Excess heat experiments were performed at NASA using a Johnson Matthey HP Series palladium membrane hydrogen purifier. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FralickGClenratgrcp.pdf | ||||
| 1313 | Conference Proceedings | Fralick, G. C., Wrbanek, J., Wrbanek, S., Niedra, J. M. | 2012 | LENR at GRC (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | LENR at GRC (PowerPoint slides) | review | BACKGROUND: Changes from 1989 to 2009 * Previous NASA D-Pd experiment (Fralick, et al.; 1989) looked for neutrons (saw none) -but saw anomalous heating * NASA H2O-Ni-K2CO3 Electrolytic Cell experiment (Niedra et al,1996) Apparent current-dependent excess heat consistent as heat from hydrogen-oxygen? recombination * NASA Sonoluminescence Experiment (Wrbanek, et al) - Cratering seen with heavy water, not seen with light water * After 1989, Cold Fusion research evolved into research in 'Low Energy Nuclear Reactions' (LENR), primarily at U.S. Navy, DARPA & various Universities 2009: NASA IPP-sponsored effort to: -- Repeat the initial tests to investigate this anomalous heat -- Apply GRC's instrumentation expertise to improve the diagnostics for this experiment -- Establish credible framework for future work in LENR | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FralickGClenratgrcpa.pdf | |||||
| 1314 | Conference Proceedings | Frattolillo, A., De Ninno, A., Rizzo, A. | 2002 | Experimental techniques for detecting small quantities of 4He gas: problems and solutions | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Experimental techniques for detecting small quantities of 4He gas: problems and solutions 3998 | ICCF-9, 4He, method | The problems arising from the techniques of measurement so far used to detect 4He in the gases coming out from Fleishmann-Pons cells are discussed. Innovative solutions are proposed. The results of extensive tests carried out with a facility built at ENEA Frascati are reported, which prove the ability of this equipment to overcome the problems discussed in this paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Frattolillexperiment.pdf | |||
| 1315 | Journal Article | Frazier, G. A., Glosser, R. | 1980 | Charcterization of Thin Films of the Pd-H System | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 74 | Charcterization of Thin Films of the Pd-H System | Pd, layer, resistivity, pressure, phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 1316 | Journal Article | Fredericks, K. | 2015 | Possibility of Tachyon Monopoles Detected in Photographic Emulsions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 203 Possibility of Tachyon Monopoles Detected in Photographic Emulsions | Detection, Mass Estimate, Monopoles, Parabolic curvature, Photographic emulsion, Superluminal, Tachyons | Low-energy nuclear reaction experiments using photographic emulsions, including those by Urutskoev, et.al, Ivoilov, and others have shown unique particle tracks. Analysis of a sample population of these types of tracks suggests detection of magnetically charged particles with faster-than-light velocities. Particle kinetic energy was estimated from energy deposition and momentum was estimated from track curvature in magnetic fields. Measured values were plotted on a kinetic energy versus momentum graph and were found to fall in the v > c region. Track curvature was found to be parabolic, which is a signature for monopoles. Using the classical theory of tachyons, the plane of parabolic curvature suggests electrically charged tachyons detected as slower-than-light monopoles. Preliminary lower limits for particle mass are found. Further study is suggested to broaden this search. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=210 | ||||||
| 1317 | Journal Article | Fredericks, K. | 2020 | Elliptic Tracks: Evidence For Superluminal Electrons? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Elliptic Tracks: Evidence For Superluminal Electrons? | Elliptic orbits, Faster-than-light, Kepler orbits, LENR, Monopoles, Particle tracks, Photographic emulsion, Strange radiation, Superluminal, Tachyons | In the literature of Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), particle tracks in photographic emulsions (and other materials) associated with certain electrical discharges have been reported. Some Russian and French researchers have considered these particles to be magnetic monopoles. The mechanisms of energy deposition and track formation, while among the most important properties, are contradictory and the least understood of all of the observations. Our method of producing these tracks differs markedly from most other studies in that no electrical discharge is used as a source. Rather, tracks are created with a simple uniform exposure to photons. This simpler method of producing exactly the same tracks supports a more comprehensive exploration of particle track properties. Out of 750 exposures with this method, elliptic particle tracks were detected, 22 of which were compared to Bohr-Sommerfeld electron orbits in an idealized model. Ellipses fitted to the tracks were found to have quantized semi-major axis sizes with ratios of ? n2/a2 to corresponding Bohr-Sommerfeld hydrogen ellipses. This prompts inquiry relevant to magnetic monopoles due to the n2/a2 force difference between magnetic charge and electric charge using the Schwinger quantization condition. Analogy with the electron indicates that the elliptic tracks could be created by a bound magnetically charged particle with mass mm = 1.45 x 10^-3 eV/c2, yet with superluminal velocities. Using a modified extended relativity model, mm becomes the relativistic mass of a superluminal electron, with m0 = 5.11 x 10^5 eV/c2, the fine structure constant becomes a mass ratio and charge quantization is the result of two states of the electron. Relevance of this new model is considered in light of the observed inconsistencies in track formation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=151 | ||||||
| 1318 | Journal Article | Frederico, T., de Groote, J. J., Hornos, J. E., Hussein, M. S. | 1993 | Microscopic calculation of the molecular-nuclear d+d-->3He+n or 3H+p reactions at close to zero energies | Braz. J. Phys., Vol = 23, Num = 1, Page = 96 | Microscopic calculation of the molecular-nuclear d+d-->3He+n or 3H+p reactions at close to zero energies | Theory, fusion rate | ||||||||
| 1319 | Journal Article | Freedman, S., Krakauer, D. | 1990 | Biases in cold fusion data. (Scientific correspondence) | Nature (London), Vol = 343 | Biases in cold fusion data. (Scientific correspondence) | critique, statistics, Jones | ||||||||
| 1320 | Conference Proceedings | French, D. | 2012 | Patents and Cold Fusion | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Patents and Cold Fusion | Commercialization | |||||||
| 1321 | Journal Article | French, D. | 2014 | Patents and Cold Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 118-126 Patents and Cold Fusion | Commercialization | Patents are available for any arrangement that exploits Cold Fusion. The arrangement must incorporate a feature which is new. Furthermore, the Patent Office may require proof that the procedures defined in the patent actually work. And the description must be sufficient to enable others to duplicate the invention. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FrenchDpatentsand.pdf | ||||||
| 1322 | Journal Article | French, D. | 2018 | Key Principles for Patenting in the Land of LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | Key Principles for Patenting in the Land of LENR | Cold fusion, Fleischmann, LENR, Patents, Rossi | Patents can be obtained in the field of Cold Fusion/LENR but they will be specific to the arrangements that they describe. Proper patent drafting requires close cooperation between the inventor and attorney, with the inventor understanding the principles of claim drafting. Reference is made to the Andrea Rossi patent obtained before the US patent office and to the European patent obtained by Fleischmann and Pons before the European patent office with examples of claims for analysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=103 | ||||||
| 1323 | Journal Article | Friedmann, H., Hundegger, P., Kirchmayr, H. R., Pavlik, A., Vonach, H., Wiesinger, G., Winkler, G. | 1990 | Search for 'cold fusion' | Kerntechnik, Vol = 55 | Search for 'cold fusion' | D2, Ti, Ti-Fe, Y, neutron | ||||||||
| 1324 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 1996 | Study of the probability of interaction between the plasmons of metal and deuterons | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 18D | Study of the probability of interaction between the plasmons of metal and deuterons | Theory | ||||||||
| 1325 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 1998 | Can Impurities Within a Deuterated Crystalline Lattice Have an Effect Favouring Cold Fusion? | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 133 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Can Impurities Within a Deuterated Crystalline Lattice Have an Effect Favouring Cold Fusion? | theory, impurity, plasmons, ICCF-7 | A summarized analysis of the influence that different concentrations of impurities in the crystal lattice can have on the phenomenon of catalyzed deuteron fusion. The numerical calculation carried out for Pd. Pt and Ni at fixed lattice-temperatures, varying the level of impurity between 0.28% and 0.72%, shows that increasing the level of the impurity increases the probability of penetrating the Coulomb barrier. This result can be interpreted by considering the trend of the potential which describes the effective interaction between deuterons within a metal: in effect, it shows that the coupling between plasmons and deuterons, in the presence of impurities, is able not only to reduce the thickness of the Coulomb barrier but also to lower its height K in various types of deuterated lattices. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=133 | ||
| 1326 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 1998 | Can variations in temperature influence deuteron interaction within crystalline lattices? | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 20 D | Can variations in temperature influence deuteron interaction within crystalline lattices? | Theory | ||||||||
| 1327 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2000 | Fusion reaction within a microcrack in a crystalline lattice at room temperature | AIP Conf. Proc. 513(Nuclear and Condensed Matter Physics) | Fusion reaction within a microcrack in a crystalline lattice at room temperature | theory, fusion rate | ||||||||
| 1328 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2000 | Probability of Deuteron Plasmon Fusion at Room Temperature within Microcracks of Crystalline Lattices with Deuterium Loading | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 443 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Probability of Deuteron Plasmon Fusion at Room Temperature within Microcracks of Crystalline Lattices with Deuterium Loading | theory, cracks, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1329 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 2001 | Deuteron Interaction Within a Microcrack in a Lattice at Room Temperature | Fusion Technol., Vol = 39, Num = 2 (March) | Deuteron Interaction Within a Microcrack in a Lattice at Room Temperature | theory, crack | ||||||||
| 1330 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 2001 | Theoretical model of the probability of fusion between deuterons within deformed crystalline lattices with microcracks at room temperature | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 40 | Theoretical model of the probability of fusion between deuterons within deformed crystalline lattices with microcracks at room temperature | theory, cracks | ||||||||
| 1331 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2004 | Theoretical Model Of The Probability Of Fusion Between Deuterons Within Deformed Lattices With Micro-Cracks At Room Temperature | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Theoretical Model Of The Probability Of Fusion Between Deuterons Within Deformed Lattices With Micro-Cracks At Room Temperature | theory | |||||||
| 1332 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2005 | Theoretical Comparison Between Semi-Classic And Quantum Tunneling Effect | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Theoretical Comparison Between Semi-Classic And Quantum Tunneling Effect | theory | ||||||
| 1333 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2005 | Theoretical Comparison Between Semi-Classic And Quantum Tunneling Effect Any Application Coherence Theory On The Tumor (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Theoretical Comparison Between Semi-Classic And Quantum Tunneling Effect Any Application Coherence Theory On The Tumor (PowerPoint slides) | theory | ||||||
| 1334 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2007 | Theoretical Hypothesis of a Double Barrier Regarding the D-D Interaction in a Pd Lattice: A Possible Explanation of Cold Fusion Experiment Failures | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Theoretical Hypothesis of a Double Barrier Regarding the D-D Interaction in a Pd Lattice: A Possible Explanation of Cold Fusion Experiment Failures | theory | During the past 15 years, disputable experimental evidence has built up for low energy nuclear reaction phenomena (LENR) in specialized heavy hydrogen systems [1-4]. Actually, we cannot say that a new branch of science is beginning. In spite of experimental contributions, the real problem is that there is no theoretical explanation for LENR. In this work, we analyze the deuteron-deuteron reactions within palladium lattice by means of the coherence theory of nuclear and condensed matter [5] and, using this general theoretical framework accepted from ?old fusion scientists?, we will show the low occurrence probability of fusion phenomena. In fact, in the coherence approach, the D-D potential exhibits double barrier features and, in this way, the D-D fusion is inhibited. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=103 | |||||
| 1335 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 2007 | Tunneling Effect Enhanced by Lattice Screening as Main Cold Fusion Mechanism: An Brief Theoretical Overview | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Tunneling Effect Enhanced by Lattice Screening as Main Cold Fusion Mechanism: An Brief Theoretical Overview | Collective plasmonic excitation, Dislocations, Fusion within a microcrack, Nuclear reaction,Tunneling effect,Vibrational frequency of the lattice | In this paper are illustrated the main features of tunneling traveling between two deuterons within a lattice. Considering the screening effect due lattice electrons, we compare the d-d fusion rate evaluated from different authors assuming different screening efficiency and different d-d potentials. Then, we propose an effective potential which describe very well the attractive contribute due to plasmon exchange between two deuterons and by means of it we will compute the d-d fusion rates for different energy values. Finally the good agreement between theoretical and experimental results proves the reality of cold fusion phenomena and the reliability of our model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=22 | ||||||
| 1336 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 2007 | Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter: A Theoretical Study of D-D Reaction within Palladium Lattice by Means of the Coherence Theory of Matter | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter: A Theoretical Study of D-D Reaction within Palladium Lattice by Means of the Coherence Theory of Matter | Collective plasmonic excitation, Dislocations, Fusion within a microcrack, Nuclear reaction,Tunneling effect,Vibrational frequency of the lattice | In the last decades, an indisputable experimental evidence was built up for Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction (LERN) phenomena in specialized heavy hydrogen systems. Actually, the real problem is that, the theoretical statements of LERN are not known; in fact, no new branch of science has begun, yet. In this work, we seek to analyse the deuteron-deuteron reactions within palladium lattice by means of Preparata model of palladium lattice and we will show the occurrence probability of fusion phenomena according to more accurate, but not claimed, experiments, in order to demonstrate theoretically the possibility of cold fusion. Further, we focus on tunnelling the Coulomb barrier existent between two deuterons. Analysing the possible contributions of lattice on improving the tunnelling probability, we will find that there is a real mechanism through which this probability could be increased: this mechanism is the screening effect due to d-shell electrons of palladium lattice. Finally the good agreement between theoretical and experimental results proves the reality of cold fusion phenomena and the reliability of our model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=33 | ||||||
| 1337 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 2007 | Calculation of Deuteron Interactions within Microcracks of a D2 Loaded Crystalline Lattice at Room Temperature | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Calculation of Deuteron Interactions within Microcracks of a D2 Loaded Crystalline Lattice at Room Temperature | Collective plasmonic excitation, Dislocations, Fusion within a microcrack, Tunneling effect | We have analysed the possibility that the coefficient of lattice deformation, linked to the formation of microcracks at room temperature and low energies, could influence the process of fusion. The calculated probability of fusion within a microcrack, in the presence of D2 loading at room temperature and for impure metals, shows moderately elevated values compared with the probability of fusion on the surface. For all the temperatures in the 150-350 K range and for all the energies between 150 and 250 eV, the formation of microcracks increases the probability of fusion compared to non-deformed lattices, and also reduces the thickness of the Coulomb barrier. Using the trend of the curve of potential to evaluate the influence of the concentration of impurities, a very high barrier is found within the pure lattice (J ? 0.25%). However, under the same thermodynamic conditions, the probability of fusion in the impure metal (J ? 0.75%) could be higher, with a total energy less than the potential so that the tunneling effect is amplified. Finally, we analysed the influence of forced D2 loading on the process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=47 | ||||||
| 1338 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2008 | 'The Coulomb Barrier not Static in QED,' A correction to the Theory by Preparata on the Phenomenon of Cold Fusion and Theoretical hypothesis | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | 'The Coulomb Barrier not Static in QED,' A correction to the Theory by Preparata on the Phenomenon of Cold Fusion and Theoretical hypothesis | Theory | In the last two decades, irrefutable experimental evidence has shown that Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) occur in specialized heavy hydrogen systems. Nevertheless, we are still confronted with a problem: the theoretical basis of LENR are not known and, as a matter of fact, little research has been carried out on this subject. In this work we seek to analyse the deuteron-deuteron reactions within palladium lattice by means of Preparata's model of the palladium lattice [5,15]. We will also show the occurrence probability of fusion phenomena according to more accurate experiments [6]. We are not going to use any of the research models which have been previously followed in this field. Our aim is to demonstrate the theoretical possibility of cold fusion. Moreover, we will focus on tunneling the existent Coulomb barrier between two deuterons. Analysing the possible contributions of the lattice to the improvement of the tunneling probability, we find that there is a real mechanism through which this probability could be increased: this mechanism is the screening effect due to d-shell electrons of palladium lattice. The accordance between theoretical and experimental results will prove the reality of cold fusion phenomena and show the reliability of our model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FrisoneFthecoulomb.pdf | |||||
| 1339 | Conference Proceedings | Frisone, F. | 2009 | Theoretical Model Of The Probability of Fusion Between Deuterons within Deformed Crystalline Lattices with Micro-Cracks at Room Temperature | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Theoretical Model Of The Probability of Fusion Between Deuterons within Deformed Crystalline Lattices with Micro-Cracks at Room Temperature | In this paper, we wish to demonstrate that the deformation of the crystalline lattice, at room temperature, can influence the process of fusion of the deuterons introduced into the lattice by deuterium loading. In fact, calculating the probability of deuteron-plasmon fusion within a micro-crack, showed, together with the enhancement of the tunnelling effect, an increase of at least 1-3 orders of magnitude compared to the probability of fusion on the surface of the lattice. These phenomena open the way to the theoretical hypothesis that a kind of chain reaction, catalysed by the micro-cracks produced in the structure as a result of deuterium loading, can favour the process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=129 | |||||
| 1340 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 2012 | Nuclear Exothermic Reactions in Lattices Pd: A Theoretical Study of d-d Reaction | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 1-11 Nuclear Exothermic Reactions in Lattices Pd: A Theoretical Study of d-d Reaction | Cold fusion, Coulomb barrier, d-d Reactions, Many body | The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the Coulomb barrier has variations in both time and space. Further, in this paper, we have taken the interaction between deuteron-optical photons, we want to clarify this point, of course, these photons have a vibrational frequency of interest because it was discovered that the interaction between photons and deuterons causes the Coulomb barrier is not static, that has of oscillations in different directions within the lattice. So we can conclude that this phenomenon of cold fusion that breaks new ground in modern nuclear physics. In recent years, over 20 years, have seen thousands of experiments and theoretical models to explain the phenomenon of fusion at low energy (LENR) in specialized heavy hydrogen systems. We can say that a new possible way to obtain nuclear energy without waste is emerging. Nevertheless in spite of experimental contributions, the theoretical framework is not known. In this work, we try to explain the deuteron-deuteron reactions within palladium lattice by means of the coherence theory of nuclear and condensed matter. The coherence model of condensed matter affirms that within a deuteron-loaded palladium lattice there are three different plasmas: electrons, ions and deuterons plasma. Then, according to the loading percentage x = D/Pd, the ions deuterium can take place on the octahedrical sites or in the tetrahedral in the (1,0,0)-plane. In the coherence theory it is called ?-plasma the deuterons plasma in the octahedral site and ? -plasma which in tetrahedral. We propose a general model of effective local time-dependent deuteron-deuteron potential, that takes into account the electrons and ions plasma oscillations. The main features of this potential are extracted by means of many-body theory considering the interaction deuteron-phonon-deuteron. In fact the phonon exchange produces a attractive component between two deuteron within the D2 molecular. This attractive force is able to reduce the inter-nuclear distance from about 0.7 to 0.16 ?. It means that the lattice strongly modifies the nuclear environment with respect to free space. In this way according to deuterons energy, loading percentage and plasma frequency we are able to predict high o low tunneling probability. The fusion rates (s-1) computed vary from 10^-70 to 10^-17 and also a set of other mechanism, which could be enhanced these values, are proposed. In this way we hope that by means of this approach in the future will be possible to realize and control the nuclear exothermic reactions that take place in the condensed matter in order to obtain clean energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 1341 | Journal Article | Frisone, F. | 2015 | Nuclear Exothermic Reactions in Lattices: A Theoretical Study of D? Reaction | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 27 Nuclear Exothermic Reactions in Lattices: A Theoretical Study of D? Reaction | Coherence theory, Condensed matter, Dislocations within the ions of the metal, Low energy nuclear reactions | In this work we try to explain the deuteron?euteron reactions within palladium lattice by means of the coherence theory of nuclear and condensed matter. The coherence model of condensed matter affirms that within a deuteron-loaded palladium lattice there are three different plasmas: electrons, ions and deuterons plasma. Then, according to the loading percentage x = D/Pd, the ions deuterium can take place on the octahedrical sites or in the tetrahedral in the (1,0,0)-plane. In the coherence theory it is called ?-plasma the deuterons plasma in the octahedral site and ?-plasma which in tetrahedral. We propose a general model of effective local time-dependent deuteron?euteron potential, that takes into account the electrons and ions plasma oscillations. The main features of this potential are extracted by means of many-body theory considering the interaction deuteron?honon?euteron. In fact the phonon exchange produces a attractive component between two deuteron within the D2 molecular. This attractive force is able to reduce the inter-nuclear distance from about 0.7 to 0.16 ?. It means that the lattice strongly modifies the nuclear environment with respect to free space. In this way according to deuterons energy, loading percentage and plasma frequency we are able to predict high o low tunneling probability. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=32 | ||||||
| 1342 | Journal Article | Frodl, P., Roessler, O. E., Hoffmann, M., Wahl, F. | 1990 | Possible participation of lithium in Fleischmann-Pons reaction is testable | Z. Naturforsch. A, Vol = 45 | Possible participation of lithium in Fleischmann-Pons reaction is testable | theory, Li | ||||||||
| 1343 | Journal Article | Frolov, A. M., Smith, V. H. | 1994 | On stimulated nuclear fusion in the cold generalized DT hydrides of fissionable elements | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 196 | On stimulated nuclear fusion in the cold generalized DT hydrides of fissionable elements | theory, fission | ||||||||
| 1344 | Book | Fromm, E., Gebhardt, E. | 1976 | Gases and Carbon in Metals | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 196 | Springer-Verlag, Berlin | Gases and Carbon in Metals | Pd, H, O, D, solubility, phase Diagram, diffusion, thermodynamic, resistivity, Pd-Ag, review | |||||||
| 1345 | Conference Proceedings | Fujii, Y., Takahashi, M., Nakada, M., Kusunoki, T., Kamoto, O. | 1991 | Anomalous Neutron Burst in Heavy Water Electrolysis | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 81 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Anomalous Neutron Burst in Heavy Water Electrolysis | Pd, D2O, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | Anomalous neutron burst has been detected in heavy water electrolysis using a Pd cathode. The burst events occurred five times periodically for ca. 140 hours. The numbers of the burst neutrons increased gradualy from 5.3 sigma (the 1st event/l0min. ) to 135 sigma (the 5th event/10min. ) and the last event continued for 50 min. and gave 1779 neutrons to the five 3He neutron countors of 1% detection efficiency. The reproducibility has been examined three times, but any further event did not occurred. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=96 | ||
| 1346 | Conference Proceedings | Fujii, M., Chiba, M., Fukushima, K., Katada, M., Hirose, T., Kubo, K., Miura, H., Miyamoto, S., Nakahara, H., Nakamitsu, Y., Seimiya, T., Shirakawa, T., Sueki, K., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Watanabe, T. | 1992 | Measurement of Neutrons in Electrolysis at Low Temperature Range | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 481 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Measurement of Neutrons in Electrolysis at Low Temperature Range | Pd, DCl, methanol, neutron, electrolysis, low temperature, ICCF-3, loading | We observed three neutron trains continuing 2 or 3 h as the excess flux during electrolysis of due to rated alcoholic electrolyte at low temperature range with Pd cathode for 1878 h. those were 22 counts/2h and two times of 27 counts/3h in the average background counts of 4/h. We could not find any excess in other time intervals between 28.6 ms and 1878h. The production rates of the 22 and 27 pounds were 6.3 ? 10-24 and 4.5 ? 10-24/d-d/s during the 2 and 3h, respectively. The confidence level of neutron emission for the 22/2h and 27/3h were 88% and 59%, respectively, established from the statistics. And for the total of the three trains, the confidence level became 98%. Electrolysis was carried out at low temperature using a DCl-CD3OD electrolyte and a Pd cathode. A D/Pd = 0.7 was achieved. Small neutron emission was observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=219 | ||
| 1347 | Conference Proceedings | Fujii, M., Mitsushima, S., Kamiya, N., Ota, K. | 2002 | Heat measurement during light water electrolysis using Pd/Ni rod cathodes | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Heat measurement during light water electrolysis using Pd/Ni rod cathodes 3999 | ICCF-9, heat, H2O, electrolysis, Pd, Ni, Li2SO4, heat capacity | The heat balance under electrolysis in 1M Li2SO4 light water solutions was measured using Pd rods or Pd coated Ni (Pd/Ni) rods for cathode. We detected large excess heat of more than 10% in 6 of 28 experiments. However, in many other experiments, no excess or only small excess heat was observed. In most cases the excess heat was 5% or less. In order to confirm the excess heat, we have to find the reason why these differences take place. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/FujiiMheatmeasur.pdf | |||
| 1348 | Journal Article | Fujita, S. | 1989 | On the feasibility of nuclear fusion in fcc metals | Phys. Stat. Sol. B, Vol = 156 | On the feasibility of nuclear fusion in fcc metals | theory | ||||||||
| 1349 | Conference Proceedings | Fujiwara, M., Sakuta, K. | 1992 | Statistically Significant Increase in Neutron Counts for Palladium Plate Filled with Deuterons by Electrolysis | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 491 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Statistically Significant Increase in Neutron Counts for Palladium Plate Filled with Deuterons by Electrolysis | Pd, D2O, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | The comparison of the neutron count rate was executed among the Pd states different in the absorbed deuteron amounts. Charge and discharge of deuterons to the Pd plate was repeated cyclically by electrolysis. Highly significant difference of 1% level in statistics was observed between filled and emptied states in one sample among the four samples tested. This excess neutron count rate corresponds to the fusion rate of 0.8?10^ -23 fusions/deuteron pair/sec. One sample of 4 showed neutron emission while it was loaded with D by electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=229 | ||
| 1350 | Journal Article | Fukada, S., Furuya, S., Matsumoto, Y., Ishibashi, K., Mitsuishi, N. | 1990 | Neutron emission from some metal deuterides | Technol. Rep. Kyushu Univ., Vol = 63, Num = 5, Page = 475 (in Japanese | Neutron emission from some metal deuterides | D2, Pd, Ti, Pd-coated C, neutron | ||||||||
| 1351 | Journal Article | Fukada, S., Furuya, S., Sakae, T., Mitsuishi, N. | 1994 | Measurement of exoelectrons from palladium and palladium deuteride with gas proportional counter | J. Alloys Comp., Vol = 204 | Measurement of exoelectrons from palladium and palladium deuteride with gas proportional counter | fractofusion, electron emission, Pd | ||||||||
| 1352 | Journal Article | Fukai, Y. | 1991 | From Metal Hydrides to the Metal-Hydrogen System | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 172-174 | From Metal Hydrides to the Metal-Hydrogen System | phase Diagram, H, high Pressure, V, Ti | ||||||||
| 1353 | Conference Proceedings | Fukai, Y. | 1992 | Some Properties of the Fe-H System at High Pressures and Temperatures. and their Implications for the Earth's Core | High-Pressure Research: Application to Earth and Planetary Sciences | Syono, Y., Manghnani, M. H. | Terra Scientific Publishing Co, Tokyo | 1992 | Some Properties of the Fe-H System at High Pressures and Temperatures. and their Implications for the Earth's Core | Fe, H2, phase Diagram | |||||
| 1354 | Conference Proceedings | Fukai, Y. | 1992 | The ABC's of the Hydrogen-Metal System | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 265 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The ABC's of the Hydrogen-Metal System | Pd, D, distance, theory, ICCF-3, PdD, lattice parameter | Some basic properties of the hydrogen- metal system are described with particular attention paid to the availability of close D-D pairs in metals. A brief description is also given of the behavior of energetic D+ ions during their passage through a metal lattice. Calculates distance between D atoms in PdD and concludes fusion is impossible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=13 | ||
| 1355 | Journal Article | Fukai, Y., Sugimoto, H. | 1992 | Hydrogen Diffusion in Metals-Unsolved Problems | Defect and Diffusion Forum, Vol = 83 | Hydrogen Diffusion in Metals-Unsolved Problems | hydrogen, diffusion | ||||||||
| 1356 | Book | Fukai, Y. | 1993 | Computer Aided Innovation of New Materials II Some Unsolved Problems of Hydrogen in Metals | Defect and Diffusion Forum, Vol = 83 | Doyama, M., Kihara, J., Tanaka, M., Yamamoto, R. | Elsevier Sci. PubFukai, Y. | Computer Aided Innovation of New Materials II Some Unsolved Problems of Hydrogen in Metals | volume, structure, Pd, Ni, Mn, alloys, H2 | ||||||
| 1357 | Journal Article | Fukai, Y. | 1993 | Present status on cold fusion | Nippon Butsuri Gakkaishi, Vol = 48, Num = 5, Page = 354 (in Japanese) | Present status on cold fusion | Review | ||||||||
| 1358 | Journal Article | Fukai, Y., Okuma, N. | 1994 | Formation of superabundant vacancies in Pd hydride under high hydrogen pressures | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 73 | Formation of superabundant vacancies in Pd hydride under high hydrogen pressures | PdH, phase diagram, structure, high Pressure | ||||||||
| 1359 | Journal Article | Fukuhara, M. | 1998 | Possible dynamic interaction of deuterons between tetrahedral and octahedral interstices of palladium lattice at cryogenic temperatures | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Possible dynamic interaction of deuterons between tetrahedral and octahedral interstices of palladium lattice at cryogenic temperatures | theory, structure, gamma phase | ||||||||
| 1360 | Conference Proceedings | Fukuhara, M. | 2004 | Possible Nuclear Transmutation Of Nitrogen In The Earth's Atmosphere | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Possible Nuclear Transmutation Of Nitrogen In The Earth's Atmosphere | theory | |||||||
| 1361 | Conference Proceedings | Fukuoka, H., Ikegawa, T., Kobayashi, K., Takahashi, A. | 1996 | Measurements of excess heat and nuclear products in Pd-D2O system using twin open type electrolysis cells | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 425 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Measurements of excess heat and nuclear products in Pd-D2O system using twin open type electrolysis cells | excess heat | Measurements of excess heat, X-rays and neutrons to study possible correlation between excess heat and nuclear products during the electrolysis of LiOD heavy water electrolyte using Pd cathodes were carried out. Two open type electrochemical cells with two sets of X-ray and neutron detection systems were formed to be twin type. Therefore, two experiments being carried out by two cells at the same time were compared at any time and false signals in coincidence for two cells were able to be rejected as accidental noises. No excess heats were observed out of seven runs after ICCF5. But weak excess X-rays and neutron burst were observed at the same time in one case. And only soft Xrays were detected during electrolysis of heavy water using Pd cathodes in two cases and one case for electrolysis of light water. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=24 | |||
| 1362 | Conference Proceedings | Fukushima, K. | 1992 | Is Sono-Fusion to be a Possible Mechanism for Cold Fusion? | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 609 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Is Sono-Fusion to be a Possible Mechanism for Cold Fusion? | theory, accustic, sonofusion, ICCF-3 | Phenomena of sono-Iuminescence now appear before the footlights. Recently direct measurement of the temperature of a hot spot created in a liquid by applying a supersonic field was carried out and very large values, T ~ 0.5 eV, were obtained. It seems, therefore, to be an urgent problem to determine the upper bound for temperatures and densities realizable in the hot spot, in connection with cold fusion. In this paper we calculate it by use of the bubble dynamics so far developed by many authors and estimate the fusion rate per bubble. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=345 | ||
| 1363 | Conference Proceedings | Fukushima, K. | 1995 | Sonofusion, Compressibility of Liquid and Stability of Spherical Cavity | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 523 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Sonofusion, Compressibility of Liquid and Stability of Spherical Cavity | sonofusion, theory, compressibility, ICCF-5 | We proposed the sonofusion at ICCF3 and theoretically predicted by use of a simplified model that the temperature of gas within a supersonic cavity reaches more than 10^8 K if the initial radius of the cavity is less than 10 ?, that is temperatures high enough for the occurrence of hot fusion. In the present paper we consider a more realistic model by taking into account the compressibility of liquid and search for the optimum values of supersonic parameters for getting high gas-temperature. In addition the stability of a spherical cavity is examined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=330 | ||
| 1364 | Journal Article | Fullenwider, M. | 1975 | Electrochemical current balance with the hydrogen-palladium system | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 122, Num = 5, Page = 648 | Electrochemical current balance with the hydrogen-palladium system | loading, PdH, Pd, electrolysis, H2O | ||||||||
| 1365 | Journal Article | Fullenwider, M. | 1986 | A Method for the Determination of Energy Gaps in Hydrogen-Metal Systems | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 285 | A Method for the Determination of Energy Gaps in Hydrogen-Metal Systems | H2, Pd, Band Gap, PdH, density of states | ||||||||
| 1366 | Conference Proceedings | Fulvio, F. | 2002 | Theoretical model on the relationship between low energies in the probability of deuterium nuclei cold fusion | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Theoretical model on the relationship between low energies in the probability of deuterium nuclei cold fusion 4000 | ICCF-9, theory, micro crack, fractofusion | |||||
| 1367 | Journal Article | Gabovich, A. M. | 1997 | Possibility of cold fusion in palladium deuterides: screening effects and connection to superconducting properties | Philos. Mag. B, Vol = 76 | Possibility of cold fusion in palladium deuterides: screening effects and connection to superconducting properties | Theory, superconductivity, screening | ||||||||
| 1368 | Journal Article | Gai, M., Rugari, S. L., France, R. H., Lund, B. J., Zhao, Z., Davenport, A. J., Isaacs, H. S., Lynn, K. G. | 1989 | Upper limits on neutron and gamma-ray emission from cold fusion | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | Upper limits on neutron and gamma-ray emission from cold fusion | electrolysis, D2, Ti, neutron gamma emission | ||||||||
| 1369 | Journal Article | Gai, M., Rugari, S. L., France, R. H., Lund, B. J., Zhao, Z., Davenport, A. J., Isaacs, H. S., Lynn, K. G. | 1990 | Upper limits on emission rates of neutrons and gamma-rays from 'cold fusion' in deuterated metals | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Upper limits on emission rates of neutrons and gamma-rays from 'cold fusion' in deuterated metals | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 1370 | Journal Article | Gajda, M., Rafelski, J. | 1991 | Jovian limits on conventional fusion | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., Vol = 17 | Jovian limits on conventional fusion | theory, Jupiter | ||||||||
| 1371 | Journal Article | Gajewski, R. | 1989 | Investigation of some aspects of cold fusion | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., Vol = 17 | Investigation of some aspects of cold fusion | proposal, history | ||||||||
| 1372 | Journal Article | Gajewski, R. | 1991 | Fuzja, nadzieja czy iluzja? (Nuclear fusion, hope or illusion?) | Postepy Fiz., Vol = 42 | Fuzja, nadzieja czy iluzja? (Nuclear fusion, hope or illusion?) | Discussion | ||||||||
| 1373 | Journal Article | Gamarra, N. | 1967 | Erroneous Predictions | Library of Congress | Erroneous Predictions | predictions, history | ||||||||
| 1374 | Conference Proceedings | Gamberale, L., Garbelli, D., Piana, G. | 2002 | Measurement of heat capacity of PdHx | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Measurement of heat capacity of PdHx 4001 | ICCF-9, heat capacity, PdH, resistivity | We present experimental data on heat capacity and thermal coefficient of resistance of PdHx system at loading ratio 0| http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GamberaleLmeasuremen.pdf
| | |||
| 1375 | Personal Communication | Gamberale, L. | 2014 | Final technical report on the Defkalion GT calorimetric protocol | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Personal Communication | Final technical report on the Defkalion GT calorimetric protocol | excess heat, calorimeter | I show that the experimental protocol used by Defkalion Green Technologies (DGT) is not reliable to demonstrate the production of large amounts of energy with the use of the reactor R5. Experimental tests carried out using the same measurement system used by DGT in public demonstrations show that the measurement of excess of thermal energy carried out following the experimental protocol of DGT is obtainable regardless of the use of H2 and of the high voltage excitation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GamberaleLfinaltechn.pdf | |||||
| 1376 | Journal Article | Gammon, B. E. | 1993 | Cathode cooling by expansion of hydrogen in calorimetric tests for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Cathode cooling by expansion of hydrogen in calorimetric tests for cold fusion | theory, heat, Joule-Thompson critique | ||||||||
| 1377 | Journal Article | Gann, V. V., Pokhodyashchii, V. I. | 1990 | Metastable bound states of deuterium in palladium and its role in cold nuclear fusion | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved. | Metastable bound states of deuterium in palladium and its role in cold nuclear fusion | Theory, effective mass, tunnelling | ||||||||
| 1378 | Magazine Article | Ganz, J., Newman, J. | 1989 | Cold Fusion : Will It Be Harnessed? | High Technology Careers Magazine | Cold Fusion : Will It Be Harnessed? | history, theory, muon | ||||||||
| 1379 | Journal Article | Gao, J., Zhang, W-S., Zhang, J-J. | 2017 | Effects of D/Pd Ratio and Cathode Pretreatments on Excess Heat in Closed Pd|D2O+D2SO4 Electrolytic Cells | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Effects of D/Pd Ratio and Cathode Pretreatments on Excess Heat in Closed Pd|D2O+D2SO4 Electrolytic Cells | Current density, Surface roughness, Temperature, Transmutation | The resistance method was used in situ to determine the D/Pd ratio in the cathode of Pd|D2O+D2SO4 electrolytic-calorimetric systems. Thirty-three experimental runs with excess heat production indicated that there is no clear correlation between the excess power and the D/Pd ratio. Most excess heat occurs when the ratio is 0.5 < D/Pd < 0.7. Three different cathode pretreatments were tested. It is found that the excess heat reproducibility rate is 2/11 (18%), 21/32 (66%) and 25/50 (50%), and maximum excess power of 45 +/1 18 mW, 117 +/- 24 mW and 128 +/- 19 mW were achieved for samples etched in aqua regia, heated in D2SO4 and open electrolyzed in D2SO4, respectively, based on 93 runs of calorimetry with 25 Pd plates. This indicates that heating and open electrolyzing in D2SO4 are effective methods of pretreatment for excess heat production in subsequent electrolysis. Surface characterizations with 3D non-contact optical profiling, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) were performed for Pd samples of cold rolled, pretreated and electrolyzed. The results showed that the surface roughness of palladium increases prominently after pretreatment. New element silver was detected on Pd surface after electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=54 | ||||||
| 1380 | Conference Proceedings | Gareev, F., Zhidkova, I., Ratis, Yu. | 2004 | Enhancement Mechanisms of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Enhancement Mechanisms of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | theory | |||||||
| 1381 | Conference Proceedings | Gareev, F., Zhidkova, I. | 2005 | New Cooperative Mechanisms of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Using Superlow Energy External Field | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | New Cooperative Mechanisms of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Using Superlow Energy External Field | theory | ||||||
| 1382 | Conference Proceedings | Gareev, F., Gareeva, G., Zhidkova, I. | 2007 | Quantization of Atomic and Nuclear Rest Masses | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Quantization of Atomic and Nuclear Rest Masses | theory | A review of possible stimulation mechanisms of LENR (low energy nuclear reaction) is presented in [1, 2, 3]. We have concluded that transmutation of nuclei at low energies and excess heat is possible in the framework of the known fundamental physical laws, the universal cooperative resonance synchronization principle [1], and different enhancement mechanisms of reaction processes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=138 | |||||
| 1383 | Conference Proceedings | Gareev, F., Gareeva, G., Zhidkova, I. | 2007 | Common Mechanism of Superconductivity, Superfluidity, Integer and Fractional Hall Effects, and Cold Fusion | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Common Mechanism of Superconductivity, Superfluidity, Integer and Fractional Hall Effects, and Cold Fusion | theory | The experimental existence of low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) is well established and obtained results have been published in over 3000 scientific papers. Nevertheless there is no widely accepted theoretical mechanism for LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=122 | |||||
| 1384 | Journal Article | Garfinkle, M. | 1992 | Ion implantation as a definitive means of investigating any possibility of intracrystalline nuclear fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Ion implantation as a definitive means of investigating any possibility of intracrystalline nuclear fusion | Suggestion, ion implantation, method | ||||||||
| 1385 | Conference Proceedings | Garg, A. B., Rout, R. K., Srinivasan, M., Sankarnarayanan, T. K., Shyam, A., Kulkarni, L. V. | 1995 | Protocol for Controlled and Rapid Loading/Unloading of H2/D2 Gas in Self Heated Pd Wires to Trigger Nuclear Events | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 461 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Protocol for Controlled and Rapid Loading/Unloading of H2/D2 Gas in Self Heated Pd Wires to Trigger Nuclear Events | Pd, D2, H2, gas loading, autoradiography, ICCF-5 | It has now been established that during electrolysis of LiOD using Pd cathodes a threshold loading ratio of at least 0.85 needs to be achieved before excess heat production can be expected, However for emission of neutrons and tritium and possibly charged particles and transmutation products too much lower D/Pd ratios, in the region of 0.4 to 0.7 appears to be adequate. This has been independently corroborated in a variety of electrolytic and gas loading experiments. It is not so much the magnitudes of the steady state loading ratio, but rather creation of non-equilibrium conditions which facilitates rapid migration/transport of deuterons within the Pd lattice that seems to be required. With this in view a systematic study has been undertaken using electrically self-heated 0.1 25 mm dia Pd wires in H2/D2 atmospheres to optimize the conditions under wh ich rap id load ing/unloading or H2 or D2 can be achieved. Pd wire was of 99.9% purity and was procured from Lieco Industries USA. Pd wires were gas loaded by repeated heating and cooling in D2 or H2. Every loaded wire was found to fog X-ray film. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=266 | ||
| 1386 | Journal Article | Garwin, R. L. | 1989 | Consensus on Cold Fusion | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Consensus on Cold Fusion | review, critique, history | ||||||||
| 1387 | Report | Garwin, R. L. | 1993 | SRI Deuterated Metals Project | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Thomas J. Watson Research Center | Yorktown Heights, NY | SRI Deuterated Metals Project | review | ||||||
| 1388 | Journal Article | Gdowski, G. E., Felter, T. E., Stulen, R. H. | 1987 | Effect of Surface Temperature on the Sorption of Hydrogen by Pd(111) | Surf. Sci. Lett., Vol = 181 | Effect of Surface Temperature on the Sorption of Hydrogen by Pd(111) | Pd, H, adsorption | ||||||||
| 1389 | Journal Article | Gentsch, H. | 1991 | DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor | Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., Vol = 95 | DD-fusion reactions at a PdAg(D) target in a minireactor | electrolysis Pd-Ag, ion beam, neutron, gamma emission, D2O,, tritium | ||||||||
| 1390 | Journal Article | Gentsch, H. | 1992 | Reply to: R. Behrisch, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 96, 733 [1992] | Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., Vol = 96 | Reply to: R. Behrisch, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 96, 733 [1992] | Polemic | ||||||||
| 1391 | Magazine Article | George, R. | 1994 | The cold fusion phenomenon -- An interview with Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan | Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 2 | The cold fusion phenomenon -- An interview with Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan | Review | Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan was the head of the Neutron Physics Division and an Associate Director of the Physics Group of BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Center) in Mumbai (Bombay), India when this interview was held on March 1, 1994 at SRI International in Menlo Park, California. At that time he was a visiting scientist there, participating in the Cold Fusion experiments underway at the laboratories of the Energy Research Center. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GeorgeRthecoldfus.pdf | ||||||
| 1392 | Journal Article | George, R. | 1996 | Production of He4 from deuterium via reaction on a palladium carbon hydrogenation catalyst at 200? | Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 2 | Production of He4 from deuterium via reaction on a palladium carbon hydrogenation catalyst at 200? | 4He, Pd-black, Case, heat+ | ||||||||
| 1393 | Report | George, R., Stringham, R. | 1996 | Technical report on the demonstration of new technology producing heat and nuclear products via cavitation induced micro-fusion in E-quest sciences Mark II research device | Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 2 | Technical report on the demonstration of new technology producing heat and nuclear products via cavitation induced micro-fusion in E-quest sciences Mark II research device | E-quest, sonofusion, cavitation, heat+, 4He+, transmutation | ||||||||
| 1394 | Journal Article | George, R. | 1997 | Observations of helium bubbles in thin palladium metal foil using scanning electron microscopy | Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 2 | Observations of helium bubbles in thin palladium metal foil using scanning electron microscopy | Pd, 4He, sonofusion, cavitation, ultrasonic | ||||||||
| 1395 | Report | Gerischer, H. | 1991 | Memorandum on the Present State of Knowledge on Cold Fusion | Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 2 | Bockris, J. | Memorandum on the Present State of Knowledge on Cold Fusion | review, critique, history | 'In spite of my earlier conclusion, -- and that of the majority of scientists, -- that the phenomena reported by Fleischmann and Pons in 1989 depended either on measurement errors or were of chemical origin, there is now undoubtedly overwhelming indications that nuclear processes take place in the metal alloys.' Professor Heinz Gerischer COLD FUSION John O's. Bockris Chemistry Dept., Texas A&M University College Station, TX? 77843 October 30, 1991 A memorandum has been written on the present state of cold fusion research as of October, 1991, by Professor Heinz Gerischer. The significance of this memorandum arises from Professor Gerischer's status.? He is widely recognized to be the leading physical electrochemist in Europe and would vie for the title on a still wider basis.? Apart from his long term involvement in electrochemistry he is well known as a physical chemist of the highest standing and was, until 1988, the Director of the Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry in Berlin. | ||||||
| 1396 | Conference Proceedings | Gerischer, H. | 1991 | Is Cold Fusion a Reality? The Impressions of a Critical Observer | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 465 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Is Cold Fusion a Reality? The Impressions of a Critical Observer | review, critique, history, ICCF-2, surface | Having received, at short notice, the invitation to attend the second international conference on cold fusion as a sceptical observer, I began to study some of the papers which have appeared since the fall of 1989 after which I had stopped following the publications in this area. Being sceptical from the beginning, the many negative reports from renowned laboratories seemed to confirm that the disputed claims of cold fusion occurring in a solid were, unfortunately, based on the erroneous interpretation of ill-defined experiments. I now realize that in the meantime many new positive results have been published which can not be pushed aside quite so easily. Two reviews, currently in the course of publication, were very helpful and yielded much information on the present situation. These are the reviews of M. Srinivasan and E. Storms. Together with my reading and the lectures given on the first days of the conference, I eventually felt able to present my impressions in a lecture on the last day of the conference, as the organizers had requested. I am aware that all the arguments pro and contra the reality of cold fusion have been pointed out by others before. The first part of my contribution to the report of this conference is therefore mainly a reminder of the problems. In the second part I raise some questions seen with the eyes of a physical chemist being specially experienced in electrochemistry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=480 | ||
| 1397 | Journal Article | Gerlovin, I. L., Baranova, R. Kh., Baranov, P. S. | 1992 | New approach to low-temperature nuclear fusion | Zh. Obshch. Khim., Vol = 62 | New approach to low-temperature nuclear fusion | Theory, suggestion | ||||||||
| 1398 | Report | Gernert, N., Shaubach, R. M. | 1993 | Nascent Hydrogen: An Energy Source | Zh. Obshch. Khim., Vol = 62 | Department of the Air Force | Nascent Hydrogen: An Energy Source | heat | Anomalous heat was measured from a reaction of atomic hydrogen in contact with potassium carbonate on a nickel surface. The nickel surface consisted of 500 feet of 0.0625 inch diameter tubing wrapped in a coil. The coil was inserted into a pressure vessel containing a light water solution of potassium carbonate. The tubing and solution were heated to a steady state temperature of 249? using an FR heater. Hydrogen at 1100 psig was applied to the inside of the tubing. After the application of hydrogen, a 32? increase in temperature of the cell was measured which corresponds to 25 watts of heat. Heat production under these conditions is predicted by the theory of Mills where a new species of hydrogen is produced that has a lower energy state then normal hydrogen. ESCA analyses, done independently by Lehigh University, have found the predicted 55 eV signature of this new species of hydrogen. Work is continuing at Thermacore with internal funding to bring this technology to the marketplace. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GernertNnascenthyd.pdf | |||||
| 1399 | Journal Article | Gerstein, S. S. | 1989 | The Critical Test Experiments in Cold Fusion | Zh. Obshch. Khim., Vol = 62 | The Critical Test Experiments in Cold Fusion | theory, history | ||||||||
| 1400 | Book Section | Ghosh, S. K., Saidhukhan, H. K., Dhara, A. K. | 1989 | A Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Deuterium Loaded Palladium | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | A Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Deuterium Loaded Palladium | theory | 1500 | ||||
| 1401 | Journal Article | Ghosh, S. K., Sadhukhan, H. K., Dhara, A. K. | 1989 | A theory of cold nuclear fusion in deuterium-loaded palladium | Pramana, Vol = 33 | A theory of cold nuclear fusion in deuterium-loaded palladium | Theory, screening, jellium | ||||||||
| 1402 | Report | Gibb, T. R. P. | 1966 | Lattice-Distension and the Magnetic Susceptibility of Palladium Hydride | Pramana, Vol = 33 | Lattice-Distension and the Magnetic Susceptibility of Palladium Hydride | Pd, H, Magnetic Susceptibility, lattice Parameter, density Of States | ||||||||
| 1403 | Magazine Article | Gibbs, M. | 2012 | Cold Fusion Gets a Little More Real [Updated] | Forbes | Cold Fusion Gets a Little More Real [Updated] | excess heat | ||||||||
| 1404 | Book | Gieryn, T. F. | 1992 | 'The Social Dimensions of Science', The ballad of Pons and Fleischmann: Experiment and narrative in the (un)making of cold fusion | Forbes | McMullin, E. | U. Notre Dame Press, Gieryn, T.F. | 'The Social Dimensions of Science', The ballad of Pons and Fleischmann: Experiment and narrative in the (un)making of cold fusion | sociology, review, history | ||||||
| 1405 | Journal Article | Gillespie, L. J., Downs, W. R. | 1937 | The Palladium-Deuterium Equilibrium | J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol = 61 | The Palladium-Deuterium Equilibrium | Phase Diagram, pressure, Pd, D, PdD | ||||||||
| 1406 | Journal Article | Gillespie, D. J., Kamm, G. N., Ehrlich, A. C., Mart, P. L. | 1989 | A search for anomalies in the palladium-deuterium system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | A search for anomalies in the palladium-deuterium system | Pd, electrolysis, neutron, heat-, D2O, dimension, resistivity | ||||||||
| 1407 | Conference Proceedings | Gimpel, R. | 2003 | Multicell Reactors | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Multicell Reactors | A growing body of experimental evidence in this last decade has shown that some types of low-energy-induced nuclear reactions are possible. Key cathode characteristics considered important for these non-Joule heating reactions, as documented in a US patent application, are discussed. These concepts are incorporated into an electrolytic reactor system to encourage these reactions while discourage Joule heating of the electrolyte. However, even the more efficient reactor designs appear to have diminishing returns upon scale up. The MultiCell unit's unique design allows for repetitive replication of the unit (much like a component on a circuit board or computer chip) to acquire the desired power output while still maintaining the efficiency of the small MultiCell unit. The design uses a plurality of small cells arranged in an interconnected array, wherein each cell is characterized by having a relatively small cathode separated from a relatively large anode by a small gap. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GimpelRmulticellr.pdf | ||||
| 1408 | Journal Article | Giordano, N., Arico, A. S., Antonucci, V. | 1991 | Thermal effects during the electrolytic charging of deuterium in the palladium lattice | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Thermal effects during the electrolytic charging of deuterium in the palladium lattice | theory, thermal conductivity | ||||||||
| 1409 | Journal Article | Gittus, J., Bockris, J. | 1989 | Explanations of cold fusion (section editor's title) | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Explanations of cold fusion (section editor's title) | theory, polemic, Loading | ||||||||
| 1410 | Journal Article | Gluck, P. | 1992 | Understanding Reproducibility: Topology Is The Key | Fusion Facts, Vol = 3, Num = 11 | Understanding Reproducibility: Topology Is The Key | theory | Lack of reproducibility was a kind of original sin and a rich source of troubles, despair and skeptics from the start of the cold fusion story. Now the situation is much improved, but the progress has resulted mainly from trial and error experiments and not from cause-effect considerations, principles, models or theories. This statement is valid even for the newly born light-water excess energy experiments [1]. The most developed theories, e.g. the T.R.M. model of Bush [2] must be combined with purely empirical descriptions of know-how and engineering data as those of Cravens [3] for electrochemical cells. Scaramuzzi [4] for gas-metal systems, Mills [5] (the experimental part) and Mallove [1] for light water experiments. An example of spectacular irreproducibility was obtained by the scientists of the Bhabha Atomic Research Center [6,7]: 'not only are the anomalous fusion reactions found to take place in only a very few chips (obtained from the same piece of titanium) but even in those chips, tritium production is restricted to a small number of selected localized ?ot spots' only...' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GluckPunderstand.pdf | ||||||
| 1411 | Journal Article | Gluck, P. | 1993 | The surfdyne concept: an attempt to solve (or to rename) the puzzles of cold nuclear fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | The surfdyne concept: an attempt to solve (or to rename) the puzzles of cold nuclear fusion | Theory, surfdyne, catalysis, layer | ||||||||
| 1412 | Conference Proceedings | Gluck, P. | 1994 | Cold Fusion - A Logical Network Approach | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 79 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Cold Fusion - A Logical Network Approach | theory | ||||
| 1413 | Journal Article | Gluck, P. | 2001 | A new definition for 'chemical element? | Chem. Innov., Vol = 31, Num = 10, Page = 44 | A new definition for 'chemical element? | theory, Mills, hydrino | ||||||||
| 1414 | Conference Proceedings | Godes, R. | 2008 | Quantum Fusion Hypothesis | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Quantum Fusion Hypothesis | Theory | The field of cold fusion is not 'fusion' as the current establishment defines it. A basic tenant of research is that correlation does not equal causation. The current assumption of Deuterium Deuterium (DD) fusion based on the excellent work of Dr. Michael McKubre showing a near perfect match of excess heat to helium produced is only a correlation. The assumption of DD fusion may be fallacious and leading to a dead end. In many cases the Pons Fleischmann reaction starts with deuterium and ends with helium. This would seem to indicate DD fusion, but this is assuming that correlation equals causation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GodesRquantumfus.pdf | |||||
| 1415 | Journal Article | Godes, R., George, R., Tanzella, F. L., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2014 | Controlled Electron Capture and the Path toward Commercialization | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 127-137 Controlled Electron Capture and the Path toward Commercialization | Cold neutrons, Electrolysis, Electron Capture, Excess Heat | We have run over 150 experiments using two different cell/calorimeter designs. Excess power has always been seen using Q pulses tuned to the resonance of palladium and nickel hydrides in pressurized vessels. Excess energies of up to 100% have been seen using this excitation method. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GodesRcontrolled.pdf | ||||||
| 1416 | Journal Article | Godshall, N. A., Roth, E. P., Kelly, M. J., Guilinger, T. R., Ewing, R. I. | 1990 | Calorimetric and thermodynamic analysis of palladium-deuterium electrochemical cells | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Calorimetric and thermodynamic analysis of palladium-deuterium electrochemical cells | Pd, electrolysis, heat, neutron, method, D2O, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 1417 | Journal Article | Goedkoop, J. A. | 1989 | Koude kernfusie in de vaste stof?' (Cold nuclear fusion in solids?) | Energiespektrum, Vol = 13 | Koude kernfusie in de vaste stof?' (Cold nuclear fusion in solids?) | Review | ||||||||
| 1418 | Journal Article | Gold, T. | 1989 | New ideas in science | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 3, Num = 2, Page = 103 | New ideas in science | history | ||||||||
| 1419 | Journal Article | Goldanskii, V. I., Dalidchik, F. I. | 1989 | Mechanism of solid-state fusion (Title given by Letters editor) | Nature (London), Vol = 342 | Mechanism of solid-state fusion (Title given by Letters editor) | theory | ||||||||
| 1420 | Journal Article | Goldanskii, V. I., Dalidchik, F. I. | 1990 | On the possibilities of 'cold enhancement' of nuclear fusion | Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 234 | On the possibilities of 'cold enhancement' of nuclear fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1421 | Journal Article | Goloborodsky, B., Ovchinnikov, V., Semionkin, V. | 2001 | Long-Range Effects in the FePd2Au Alloy Under Ion Bombardment | Fusion Technol., Vol = 39, Num = 3 (May) | Long-Range Effects in the FePd2Au Alloy Under Ion Bombardment | ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 1422 | Journal Article | Golubnichii, P. I., Kurakin, V. A., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A. | 1989 | A possible mechanism for cold nuclear fusion | J. Kratk. Soobshch. Fiz. | A possible mechanism for cold nuclear fusion | Theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1423 | Journal Article | Golubnichii, P. I., Kurakin, V. A., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A. | 1989 | Possible mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 307 | Possible mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1424 | Journal Article | Golubnichii, P. I., Merzon, G. I., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. S. | 1990 | Correlation between nuclear, acoustic, and electromagnetic emissions during the electrolytic saturation of palladium with deuterium | Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep. | Correlation between nuclear, acoustic, and electromagnetic emissions during the electrolytic saturation of palladium with deuterium | electrolysis, Pd accustic gamma emission, D2O | ||||||||
| 1425 | Conference Proceedings | Golubnichii, P. I., Philonenko, A. D., Tsaric, A. A., Kovalchuk, E. P., Merzon, G. I., Tsarev, V. A. | 1990 | Observation of Nuclear Particles and Their Correlation with Acoustic and Electromagnetic Emission from Palladium Targets Loaded by Deuterium | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 146 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 199 | Observation of Nuclear Particles and Their Correlation with Acoustic and Electromagnetic Emission from Palladium Targets Loaded by Deuterium | neutron, RF, Pd, D2O, acoustic, tritium, electrolysis | ||||
| 1426 | Conference Proceedings | Golubnichii, P. I., Philonenko, A. D., Tsaric, A. A., Kuzminov, V. V., Pritichenko, B. V., Merzon, G. I., Tsarev, V. A. | 1990 | Recording of Neutron and Acoustic Emissions From Palladium Target in a Low-Background Underground Experiment | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 151 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Recording of Neutron and Acoustic Emissions From Palladium Target in a Low-Background Underground Experiment | Pd, D2O, neutron, acoustic, fractofusion, electrolysis | ||||
| 1427 | Journal Article | Golubnichii, P. I., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A., Chechin, V. A. | 1990 | Verification of the accelerator model for low-temperature nuclear fusion | Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., Vol = 9 | Verification of the accelerator model for low-temperature nuclear fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1428 | Journal Article | Golubnichii, P. I., Koval'chuk, E. P., Merzon, G. I., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A. | 1990 | Detection of neutrons and tritium from solid palladium targets by electrolytic deuterium charging | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 21, Page = 46 (in Russian) | Detection of neutrons and tritium from solid palladium targets by electrolytic deuterium charging | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, tritium, electroplate | ||||||||
| 1429 | Journal Article | Golubnichii, P. I., Kayumov, F. F., Merzon, G. I., Petrii, O. A., Tsarev, V. A., Tsirlina, G. A. | 1991 | Proton emission in low-temperature nuclear fusion | Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep., Vol = 12 | Proton emission in low-temperature nuclear fusion | electrolysis, Pd, particle emission, D2O | ||||||||
| 1430 | Journal Article | Golubnichii, P. I., Kuz'minov, V. V., Merzon, G. I., Pritichenko, B. V., Filonenko, A. D., Tsarev, V. A., Tsarik, A. A. | 1991 | Correlated neutron and acoustic emission from a deuterium-saturated palladium target | JETP Lett., Vol = 53 | Correlated neutron and acoustic emission from a deuterium-saturated palladium target | fractofusion, Pd, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, accustic | ||||||||
| 1431 | Conference Proceedings | Goncharov, A. I., Kirkinskii, V. A. | 2005 | Theoretical Modeling Of Electron Flow Action On Probability Of Nuclear Fusion Of Deuterons | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Theoretical Modeling Of Electron Flow Action On Probability Of Nuclear Fusion Of Deuterons | theory | ||||||
| 1432 | Journal Article | Good, W. R. | 1996 | Comments on 'Calorimetry, excess heat, and Faraday efficiency in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Comments on 'Calorimetry, excess heat, and Faraday efficiency in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells' | critique, Shkedi | ||||||||
| 1433 | Report | Goods, S. H., Guthrie, S. E. | 1991 | Mechanical Properties of Palladium and Palladium Hydride | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Mechanical Properties of Palladium and Palladium Hydride | Pd, PdH, strength, stress, strain, hardness | ||||||||
| 1434 | Journal Article | Goodstein, D. | 1994 | Pariah Science. Whatever Happened to Cold Fusion? | The American Scholar, Vol = 63, Num = 4, Page = 527 | Pariah Science. Whatever Happened to Cold Fusion? | history | ||||||||
| 1435 | Journal Article | Goodstein, D. | 2000 | Whatever Happened to Cold Fusion? | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Whatever Happened to Cold Fusion? | history | The article that follows was written in 1994, and first appeared in The American Scholar (vol. 63 p. 527).? In the three years since then much has happened, but little has changed.? There have been reports of increasingly reliable production of excess heat, and of the detection of 4He residue, and much more.? Nevertheless, the most remarkable fact remains that cold fusion has neither been accepted by mainstream science, nor has it withered away.? The general situation that the article describes still seems to be in place today. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GoodsteinDwhateverha.pdf | ||||||
| 1436 | Journal Article | Goodwin, I. | 1989 | Fusion in a Flask: Expert DOE Panel Throws Cold Water on Utah Discovery | Physics Today, Vol = December | Fusion in a Flask: Expert DOE Panel Throws Cold Water on Utah Discovery | history | ||||||||
| 1437 | Journal Article | Goon, E. J. | 1959 | The Non-Stoichiometry of Lathanum Hydride | J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol = 63 | The Non-Stoichiometry of Lathanum Hydride | Lattice Parameter, La, H, structure, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 1438 | Journal Article | Gorodetskii, V. G., Polosukhin, B. G., Sulimov, E. M., Novikov, P. I., Bychin, V. P. | 1991 | Emission of neutrons and gamma quanta from palladium upon its saturation with deuterium in the gas phase | Fiz. Metal. Metalloved. | Emission of neutrons and gamma quanta from palladium upon its saturation with deuterium in the gas phase | D2, Pd, neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 1439 | Conference Proceedings | Goryachev, I. V. | 2002 | Registration of synthesis of 45Rh102 in media of excited nuclei of 28Ni58 | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Registration of synthesis of 45Rh102 in media of excited nuclei of 28Ni58 4002 | ICCF-9, transmutation, electron bombardment | For the purpose of searching for heavy nuclei generated in the result of low energy nuclear processes we used samples of 28Ni58 which were bombarded with 27 MeV electrons from the Resonance accelerator MI-30. The samples of nickel of 48 mm in diameter and 20 mm thick were irradiated with electrons to the level of absorbed energy of around 2.5 106 J/cm^3 which is approximately 5 times exceeds the minimum specific energy at which as it followed from the authors' theoretical model the process of generating transmuted elements will become quite noticeable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GoryachevIregistrati.pdf | |||
| 1440 | Conference Proceedings | Goryachev, I. V. | 2002 | Abnormal results of experimenting with excited substances and interpretation of the discovered effects within the frames of the model of collective interactions | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Abnormal results of experimenting with excited substances and interpretation of the discovered effects within the frames of the model of collective interactions 4003 | ICCF-9, theory | During a number of years there were carried out experiments to investigate interactions of excited substances with radiation, gravity and other kinds of fields. Converting atoms of the substances into excited state was fulfilled by means of bombarding the samples used with intensive beams of electrons with energy of 27 MeV and the accompanying bremsstrahlung generated by the electrons in the substances and intermediate targets. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GoryachevIabnormalre.pdf | |||
| 1441 | Conference Proceedings | Goryachev, I. V., Bazhutov, Y. | 2002 | Organization, current status and main results of Russian research in cold fusion and transmutation of chemical elements | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Organization, current status and main results of Russian research in cold fusion and transmutation of chemical elements 4004 | ICCF-9, review | We can not help remembering that in the Soviet Union investigations of a number of abnormal phenomena which later were related to the problem of Cold Nuclear Fusion were carried out long before Fleischmann and Pons announced their experiments at the American University of Utah. At present these kind of research works are widely carried on in Russia despite the absence of any state support and while part of the official scientific community remains skeptical. In total there are more than 30 groups of scientists engaged in research in this field in Russia . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GoryachevIorganizati.pdf | |||
| 1442 | Conference Proceedings | Gottesfeld, S., Anderson, R. E., Leonard, E. M., Springer, T. E., Baker, D. A., Zawodzinski, T., Bolton, R. D., Butterfield, K. B., Garzon, F. H., Goulding, C. A., Johnson, M. W. | 1989 | Experiments and Nuclear Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion Proceses | Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena | Santa Fe, NM | May 23, 1989 | Experiments and Nuclear Measurements in Search of Cold Fusion Proceses | Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission, heat- | ||||||
| 1443 | Journal Article | Gottesfeld, S., Anderson, R. E., Baker, D. A., Bolton, R. D., Butterfield, K. B., Garzon, F. H., Goulding, C. A., Johnson, M. W., Leonard, E. M., Springer, T. E., Zawodzinski, T. | 1990 | Experiments and nuclear measurements in search of cold fusion processes | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 287 | Experiments and nuclear measurements in search of cold fusion processes | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, gamma emission, heat, D2O, Titanium, D2 | ||||||||
| 1444 | Journal Article | Gou, Q., Zhu, Z., Zhang, Q. | 1990 | Possible mechanism of cold fusion and experimental research | Yuanzi Yu Fenzi Wuli Xuebao, Vol = 7 | Possible mechanism of cold fusion and experimental research | theory, electrolysis, heat, He, Pd, Ti, D2O | ||||||||
| 1445 | Journal Article | Gou, Q. | 1998 | Further discussion on the mechanism of cold fusion and cold fusion materials | Chin. J. At. Mol. Phys., Vol = 15, Num = 1, Page = 7 (in Chinese) | Further discussion on the mechanism of cold fusion and cold fusion materials | theory, TiD2, PdD | ||||||||
| 1446 | Journal Article | Govorov, B. V., Gryaznov, V. M., Eremin, N. V., Karavanov, A. N., Roshan, N. R., Tulinov, A. F., Tyapkin, I. V. | 1990 | Neutron Emission from Palladium Alloys Saturated with Deuterium | Russ. J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 64, Num = 2, Page = 287 | Neutron Emission from Palladium Alloys Saturated with Deuterium | Pd, neutron, D2, Pd-Sm, Pd-Ru, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1447 | Journal Article | Govorukha, V., Tashyrev, O. | 2019 | Novel Biotechnologies for Purification of Radioactive Waste Water | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | Novel Biotechnologies for Purification of Radioactive Waste Water | Effective biotechnologies, Extraction of radionuclides, Microbial pellets, Thermodynamic prediction | Extended abstract. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedza.pdf#page=59 | ||||||
| 1448 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1989 | Neutron and Tritium Evidences in the Electrolytic Reduction of Deuterium on Pd Electrodes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | Neutron and Tritium Evidences in the Electrolytic Reduction of Deuterium on Pd Electrodes | Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium | ||||||||
| 1449 | Conference Proceedings | Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1990 | First Results from a Ten Electrolytic Cells Experiment | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 481 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | First Results from a Ten Electrolytic Cells Experiment | Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, electrolysis | ||||
| 1450 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., De Maria, G., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Tabet, E. | 1990 | Nuclear and thermal effects during electrolytic reduction of deuterium at palladium cathode | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 241 | Nuclear and thermal effects during electrolytic reduction of deuterium at palladium cathode | electrolysis, Pd, heat, neutron, gamma emission, tritium, D2O | ||||||||
| 1451 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Petrucci, L., Tomellini, M., De Maria, G., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M. | 1990 | Evidences for associated heat generation and nuclear products release in palladium heavy-water electrolysis | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 103 | Evidences for associated heat generation and nuclear products release in palladium heavy-water electrolysis | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, neutron+, gamma emission, D2O | ||||||||
| 1452 | Conference Proceedings | Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1991 | Multicell Experiments for Searching Time-Related Events in Cold Fusion | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 21 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Multicell Experiments for Searching Time-Related Events in Cold Fusion | Pd, D2O neutron tritium gamma emission heat+ Current density ICCF-2 electrolysis | A new ten-electrochemical cell experiment has been carried out in order to confinn the previous results and try to understand the key role of some experimental parameters in triggering the cold fusion events. The experiment was designed to detect: a) excess heat; b) loading factor by in situ measurement of the cathode displacement; c) nuclear products: neutrons, tritium in the electrolytic solution and in the recombined heavy water, gamma-ray; d) effect of the palladium electrode preparation. To measure the excess heat, a calibration curve of the input power vs temperature of the LiOD + D2O solution was obtained for cells equal in shape, materials and operating in the same experimental condition in which the experiment was actually performed. The unique difference was on the cathode. The cathode used in the calibration measurements was made of palladium rod gold-plated by electrochemical deposition. Neutron detector is a 3He proportional counter, the same used in the previous experiments, but the data acquisition is now Implemented by a fast pulse-shape storage and off-line discrimination for a very accurate counting. The findings of the experiment, lasted about 50 days, are: i) dependent on the type of the cathode, specific excess power values up to 96 W/cm3 was found; ii) specific excess power showed linear dependence from the current density with a threshold at around 150 mA/cm2; iii) the cathode swelling was dependent from the type of the cathode and in the case of rods it increased with the current density; iv) no evidence of nuclear products statistically significant was detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=36 | ||
| 1453 | Conference Proceedings | Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Caputo, R., Tomellini, M., Balducci, G., Gigli, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1992 | Experiments with Global Detection of Cold Fusion Byproducts | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 155 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Experiments with Global Detection of Cold Fusion Byproducts | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-3, negative | On the line of the previous experiments carried out in a multicell electrochemical system, we will present the results obtained with an improved experimental apparatus recently assembled. In the present experimental configuration, we have a 60 3He tubes neutron counter from Jomar/Canberra (Los Alamos, NM) in which the ten cells system is located. In this way the efficiency of the neutron detection has been increased from 5x 10^-5 to 0.22. The sixty tubes are divided in twelve groups to localize which cell is generating neutrons owing to the counting of the twelve separated scalers. 4He detelmination by mass-spectrometry is another feature recently added to our experiment. Preliminary results confirm what we already obtained and presented at ICCF2 last year. They are essentially the production of excess heat up to 43% without any appreciable neutron and tritium excesses compared to the respective backgrounds. A carefull check of the neutron data, through the analysis and dating of the single pulse shape, is still in progress to identify if intense spikes observed in the R+A count are due to a real in situ nuclear phenomena or background or artifact effects. Excess heat at 43% was measured without detectable neutron or tritium production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=161 | ||
| 1454 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Ghio, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1992 | Neutron and tritium evidence in the electrolytic reduction of deuterium on palladium electrodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Neutron and tritium evidence in the electrolytic reduction of deuterium on palladium electrodes | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, tritium, D2O | ||||||||
| 1455 | Conference Proceedings | Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1993 | Excess Heat and Nuclear Product Measurements in Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 2 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Excess Heat and Nuclear Product Measurements in Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells | Pd, D2O, He, neutron, heat+, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | We present the results of a new experiment with our multicell set-up implemented with mass spectrometric measurements of 4He and a highly improved neutron detector. The excess heat measured is in linea with the our previous results as well as with other laboratories while no neutrons, and a tritium excess lower than expected from power excess were found. 4He has been measured in the electrolysis gases and a tentative correlation of 4He with excess power is presented and discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceeding.pdf#page=59 | |||
| 1456 | Conference Proceedings | Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1993 | Helium-4 Quantitative Measurements in the Gas Phase of Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 6 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Helium-4 Quantitative Measurements in the Gas Phase of Cold Fusion Electrochemical Cells | He, heat+, D2O, electrolysis, Pd, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1457 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1995 | Calorimetric and nuclear byproduct measurements in electrochemical confinement of deuterium in palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 380 | Calorimetric and nuclear byproduct measurements in electrochemical confinement of deuterium in palladium | Pd, electrolysis, heat+, neutron, He, tritium, D2O | ||||||||
| 1458 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Caputo, R., Cignini, P. L., Tomellini, M., Gigli, G., Balducci, G., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Jodice, M., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1995 | Quantitative measurements of helium-4 in the gas phase of Pd + D2O electrolysis | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 380 | Quantitative measurements of helium-4 in the gas phase of Pd + D2O electrolysis | Pd, electrolysis, Helium, D2O, method | ||||||||
| 1459 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Cellucci, F., Cignini, P. L., Gigli, G., Tomellini, M., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1998 | X-ray, heat excess and 4He in the D/Pd system | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 452 | X-ray, heat excess and 4He in the D/Pd system | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, x-ray, heat+, He | The energy balance between heat excess and 4He in the gas phase has been found to be reasonably satisfied even if the low levels of 4He do not give the necessary confidence to state definitely that we are dealing with the fusion of deuterons to give 4He. In the melted cathode, the data of which are reported, no 4He was found at the achieved sensitivity. X-ray film, positioned at 50 mm from the cell, roughly gave the image of the cathode through spots. Extended considerations have been made to explain this evidence on the basis of the bundle nature of the cathode. From these considerations, the energy of the radiation and the total energy associated to it have been estimated as 89 keV and 12 kJ, respectively. This value is :0.5% of the energy measured by calorimetry in the same interval of time. The highest values of energy and excess power are 8.3 MJ and 10 W, respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GozziDxrayheatex.pdf | ||||||
| 1460 | Journal Article | Gozzi, D., Cellucci, F., Cignini, P. L., Gigli, G., Tomellini, M., Cisbani, E., Frullani, S., Urciuoli, G. M. | 1998 | Erratum to 'X-ray, heat excess and 4He in the D/Pd system' [J. Electroanal. Chem. 435 (1997) 113] | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 452 | Erratum to 'X-ray, heat excess and 4He in the D/Pd system' [J. Electroanal. Chem. 435 (1997) 113] | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, x-ray, heat+, He | ||||||||
| 1461 | Conference Proceedings | Grabowski, K. S., Kidwell, D., Cetina, C., Carosella, C. | 2009 | Evaluation of the Claim of Transmutation of Cesium to Praseodymium with the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) Structure -- Part 1 (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Evaluation of the Claim of Transmutation of Cesium to Praseodymium with the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) Structure -- Part 1 (PowerPoint slides) | The MHI claim to transmute elements upon permeation of deuterium though a specific multilayer structure was carefully evaluated. Initially, an attempt was made to replicate the work at NRL in collaboration with MHI. When replication proved difficult, another set of experiments were conducted at MHI in three sets consisting of two control blanks and one positive foil (that should have transmuted Cesium to Praseodymium) per set. Foil samples were split for analysis at both NRL and MHI. Extensive analytical work was performed to characterize the foils and the blanks. When extracted at MHI, low nanogram amounts of Pr were found by ICP-MS on 3 of 3 foils that should have had Pr whereas the 6 controls were blank. Split solutions of these extracts were also tested independently at NRL and the presence of Pr was confirmed. The Pr found did not have the characteristic rare earth contamination expected if the Pr was from the environment and thus looked like it was produced in the experiment. Unfortunately, we could not find Pr at NRL (even at trace levels) on our split foil samples no matter what extraction method was employed. After considering and evaluating several unlikely scenarios for these disparate results, we visited MHI and participated in the extraction process on new foils. These extracts were blank when tested at both laboratories. Environmental samples were obtained at various locations where samples were handled. Pr was found in large amounts at one location used in sample preparation and this Pr had the signature of pure material rather than an inadvertent contaminate. No record of how it got there could be established. Other rare and characteristic impurities also were found in the extracts from MHI that were present in the laboratory environment. Thus, we concluded that the transmutation of Cs to Pr when deuterium permeated MHI's multilayer structure could not be firmly established, as contamination during the foil production or during the foil analysis could not be ruled-out. The design of the replication experiments, the lessons learned, and the results will be discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrabowskiKevaluation.pdf | |||||
| 1462 | Conference Proceedings | Grabowski, K. S., Knies, D., Melich, M. E., Moser, A. E., Nagel, D. J. | 2011 | Robust Performance Validation of LENR Energy Generators (PowerPoint slides) | 16th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Chennai, India | Robust Performance Validation of LENR Energy Generators (PowerPoint slides) | Calorimeter, method | Motivation: Develop a robust test for a 'Black Box' device, to show that more energy is produced than can be explained by conventional physics and chemistry | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrabowskiKrobustperf.pdf | |||||
| 1463 | Journal Article | Graesjo, L., Seo, M. | 1990 | Measurement of absorption of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium during electrolysis by a quartz crystal microbalance | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 296 | Measurement of absorption of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium during electrolysis by a quartz crystal microbalance | Pd, loading, method, frequency | ||||||||
| 1464 | Conference Proceedings | Granada, J. R., Mayer, R. E., Florido, P. C., Guido, G., Gillette, V. H., Gumez, S. E., Patino, N. E., Larreteguy, A. | 1990 | Neutron Measurements on (Pd-D2O) Electrolytic Cells Under Pulsed Current Conditions | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 158 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Neutron Measurements on (Pd-D2O) Electrolytic Cells Under Pulsed Current Conditions | Pd, D2O, pulsed, neutron, H2O | ||||
| 1465 | Journal Article | Granada, J. R., Mayer, R. E., Florido, P. C., Gillette, V. H., Gomez, S. E. | 1990 | Neutron measurements on electrolytic cells (Pd-D2O) performed under very low background conditions | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 27, Num = 4, Page = 379 | Neutron measurements on electrolytic cells (Pd-D2O) performed under very low background conditions | electrolysis, neutron, Pd, D2O, pulsed current | ||||||||
| 1466 | Journal Article | Granada, J. R., Mayer, R. E., Guido, G., Florido, P. C., Larreteguy, A., Gillette, V. H., Patino, N. E., Converti, J., Gomez, S. E. | 1990 | Thermal neutron measurements on electrolytic cells with deuterated palladium cathodes subjected to a pulsed current | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 27, Num = 3, Page = 30 | Thermal neutron measurements on electrolytic cells with deuterated palladium cathodes subjected to a pulsed current | electrolysis, pulsed current, Pd, neutron, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 1467 | Journal Article | Graneau, P., Graneau, N. | 1992 | The role of Ampere forces in nuclear fusion | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 165 | The role of Ampere forces in nuclear fusion | ampere forces, filament fusion, theory | ||||||||
| 1468 | Journal Article | Graneau, P., Graneau, N. | 1993 | Ampere force calculation for filament fusion experiments | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 174 | Ampere force calculation for filament fusion experiments | ampere forces, filament fusion, theory | ||||||||
| 1469 | Journal Article | Granite, E., Jorne, J. | 1991 | A novel method for studying electrochemically induced cold fusion using a deuteron-conducting solid electrolyte | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 317 | A novel method for studying electrochemically induced cold fusion using a deuteron-conducting solid electrolyte | Pd, neutron, solid electrolyte, layer, heat-, 4He, tritium, photon conductor | ||||||||
| 1470 | Journal Article | Grant, P. M., Whipple, R. E., Alcaraz, A., Haas, J. S., Andresen, B. D. | 1994 | Hydrocarbon oil found in the interior of a 'cold fusion' electrolysis cell after fatal explosion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | Hydrocarbon oil found in the interior of a 'cold fusion' electrolysis cell after fatal explosion | accident, SRI | ||||||||
| 1471 | Journal Article | Grant, P. | 1995 | Author response:' (to the polemic by E.S. Shanley, ibid, same page) | Chem. Health & Saf., Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 4 | Author response:' (to the polemic by E.S. Shanley, ibid, same page) | critique, SRI, accident, Shanley | ||||||||
| 1472 | Journal Article | Grant, P. M., Whipple, R. E., Andresen, B. D. | 1995 | Comprehensive forensic analyses of debris from the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' electrochemical cell | J. Forensic Sci., Vol = 40 | Comprehensive forensic analyses of debris from the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' electrochemical cell | accident, SRI | ||||||||
| 1473 | Journal Article | Grant, P. M., Whipple, R. E., Bazan, F., Brunk, J. L., Wong, K. M., Russo, R. E., Andresen, B. D. | 1995 | Search for evidence of nuclear involvement in the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' experiment | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 193 | Search for evidence of nuclear involvement in the fatal explosion of a 'cold fusion' experiment | accident, SRI, radioactivity | ||||||||
| 1474 | Journal Article | Grant, P., Chambers, D., Grace, L., Phinney, D., Hutcheon, I. | 1998 | Advanced techniques in physical forensic science | Physics Today | Advanced techniques in physical forensic science | mass spectrometer, method, accident, SRI | ||||||||
| 1475 | Conference Proceedings | Greber, T., Fischer, A., Rheme, C., Drissi, S., Osterwalder, J., Kern, J., Schlapbach, L. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Experiments in Fribourg | Understanding Cold Fusion Phenomena, Vol = 24 | Ricci, R. A., Sindoni, E., De Marco, F. | Cold Fusion Experiments in Fribourg | Pd, Surface Analysis, neutron, x-ray, gamma emission, transmutation, D2O, electrolysis | |||||||
| 1476 | Journal Article | Green, J. A. S., Lewis, F. A. | 1964 | Overvoltage Component at Palladized Cathodes of Palladium and Palladium Alloys Prior to and During Bubble Evolution | Trans. Faraday Soc., Vol = 60 | Overvoltage Component at Palladized Cathodes of Palladium and Palladium Alloys Prior to and During Bubble Evolution | Overvoltage, Pd, H2, resistivity, deloading, bubbles | ||||||||
| 1477 | Journal Article | Green, T. A., Quickenden, T. I. | 1994 | Electrolytic preparation of highly loaded deuterides of palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 368 | Electrolytic preparation of highly loaded deuterides of palladium | electrolysis, Pd, heat, loading, method, review, resistance, D2O | ||||||||
| 1478 | Journal Article | Green, T. A., Quickenden, T. I. | 1995 | Calorimetric studies of highly loaded deuterides and hydrides of palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 389 | Calorimetric studies of highly loaded deuterides and hydrides of palladium | heat-, loading, Pd, D2O, H2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 1479 | Journal Article | Green, T. A., Britz, D. | 1996 | Kinetics of the deuterium and hydrogen evolution reactions at palladium in alkaline solutions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 412 | Kinetics of the deuterium and hydrogen evolution reactions at palladium in alkaline solutions | Pd, PdD, PdH, loading | ||||||||
| 1480 | Journal Article | Green, B. A. | 1997 | High-yields assisted fusion from heavy-quasiparticle production in Ti with a D/O welder | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 412 | High-yields assisted fusion from heavy-quasiparticle production in Ti with a D/O welder | theory, quasiparticle | ||||||||
| 1481 | Journal Article | Green, B. A. | 1997 | Quantitative determination of high-Tc superconductivity from the lattice polarization, structure effect and approach | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 227 | Quantitative determination of high-Tc superconductivity from the lattice polarization, structure effect and approach | superconductivity, theory | ||||||||
| 1482 | Journal Article | Greenland, T. | 1989 | Numbers off an envelope | Physics World, Vol = 2 | Numbers off an envelope | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1483 | Journal Article | Greenland, T. | 1990 | Issues connected with cold fusion: a room temperature mechanism for the production of x-rays | J. Phys B, Vol = 23 | Issues connected with cold fusion: a room temperature mechanism for the production of x-rays | Theory, X-ray | ||||||||
| 1484 | Journal Article | Greiner, W., Sandulescu, A. | 1990 | New Radioactivities | Sci. Am., Vol = March | New Radioactivities | theory | ||||||||
| 1485 | Journal Article | Griessen, R., deGroot, D. G. | 1982 | Effect of anharmonicity and Debye-Waller Factor on the Superconductivity of PdHx and PdDx | Helv. Phys. Acta, Vol = 55 | Effect of anharmonicity and Debye-Waller Factor on the Superconductivity of PdHx and PdDx | PdD, PdH, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 1486 | Conference Proceedings | Griggs, J. L. | 1993 | A Brief Introduction to the Hydrosonic Pump and the Associated 'Excess Energy' Phenomenon | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 43 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | A Brief Introduction to the Hydrosonic Pump and the Associated 'Excess Energy' Phenomenon | heat+, sonic, acoustic, cavitation, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1487 | Report | Grimshaw, T. | 2006 | Cold Fusion -- A Cogent Topic for Rigorous Policy Analysis | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 43 | Cold Fusion -- A Cogent Topic for Rigorous Policy Analysis | policy | Cold fusion burst upon the scene in 1989 as a major scientific breakthrough with enormous promise as a source of unlimited and virtually free energy to meet society's needs. In the ensuing weeks tremendous fervor in the scientific and political arenas at first gradually and then rather suddenly gave way to disillusion, marginalization and even ridicule. By early 1990 most 'mainstream' scientists became convinced that the phenomenon did not exist, and politicians and the public generally followed suit. Since then nearly everyone, including scientists and energy policymakers, have believed that cold fusion is a dead issue. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 1488 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T. | 2008 | Public Interest and Level-of-Evidence Considerations in Cold Fusion Public Policy (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | Public Interest and Level-of-Evidence Considerations in Cold Fusion Public Policy (PowerPoint slides) | Review | Public Policy toward Cold Fusion: Approach 1. Focus on the Public Interest in Cold Fusion 2. Assess CF policy in Evidence-Based framework 3. Delineate 5 Levels of Evidence in rational framework 4. Consider evidence of CF specifically | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTpublicinte.pdf | |||||
| 1489 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T. | 2008 | Open Source Science Applied to CMNS Research: A Paradigm for Enhancing Cold Fusion Prospects and the Public Interest | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Open Source Science Applied to CMNS Research: A Paradigm for Enhancing Cold Fusion Prospects and the Public Interest | Review, history | Open Source Science (OSSc) is a collaborative, voluntary (uncompensated) and highly distributed method of research that emphasizes the power of new digital technologies, particularly the Internet. The OSSc paradigm grew out of the open source software movement of the last 20 years, which has resulted in wide availability of free software (such as the Linux operating system) as an alternative to proprietary software products. In many respects, OSSc represents a return to the concept that scientific research results are a public good rather than a proprietary product -- an attitude clearly articulated in the 1940s by Robert Merton, the 'father' of the sociology of science. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTopensource.pdf | |||||
| 1490 | Report | Grimshaw, T. | 2008 | Evidence-Based Public Policy Toward Cold Fusion: Rational Choices for A Potential Alternative Energy Source | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LBJ School of Public Affairs, The University of Texas at Austin | Evidence-Based Public Policy Toward Cold Fusion: Rational Choices for A Potential Alternative Energy Source | policy | Cold fusion (CF) is a possible phenomenon in which energy-producing nuclear reactions occur at earth-surface temperatures rather than at high temperatures that are characteristic of hot fusion, such as in the interior of the sun. CF was dramatically and unexpectedly announced at a press conference in 1989. For a variety of reasons, including the method of announcement and difficulties in experimental replication, CF was rejected by mainstream science within a year. Continued experimental success under highly marginalized conditions in the years since rejection indicates, with reasonable probability, that CF may eventually be found to be a real phenomenon. The scientific results accumulated in the years since rejection include over 300 verifications of CF-related phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTevidenceba.pdf | |||||
| 1491 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T. | 2012 | Public Policy Planning for Broad Deployment of Cold Fusion for Energy Production | 17th International Conference on Cold Fusion | Public Policy Planning for Broad Deployment of Cold Fusion for Energy Production | LENR public policy, technology assess-ment for LENR impacts, LENR disruptive innovation, LENR impact mitigation | Cold fusion (LENR) may soon be deployed as a major energy source. Despite its immense public welfare benefit, CF/LENR will likely have adverse secondary impacts that must be addressed through proactive public policy planning. Technology Assessment is a proven method of dealing with the impacts of emerging technologies like CF/LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTpublicpoli.pdf | ||||||
| 1492 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T. | 2012 | Evidence-Based Public Policy for Support of Cold Fusion (LENR) Development (Poster) | 17th International Conference on Cold Fusion | Evidence-Based Public Policy for Support of Cold Fusion (LENR) Development (Poster) | policy | Six Questions to Guide Rational Policy Decisions 1. What is the potential public welfare benefit of CF/LENR? * cheap, unlimited energy * elemental transmutation * other direct benefits (e.g. dispersed units, low O&M) * many indirect benefits (e.g. reduced energy related environmental impacts) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTevidencebaa.pdf | ||||||
| 1493 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T. | 2012 | Evidence-Based Public Policy for Support of Cold Fusion (LENR) Development | 17th International Conference on Cold Fusion | Evidence-Based Public Policy for Support of Cold Fusion (LENR) Development | policy | Cold fusion (LENR) has enormous potential public welfare benefit. The level of public support for its development should be determined by evidence-based policymaking. The CF/LENR level of evidence mandates its support with other emerging energy technologies. The evidence may even indicate that a crash program is the most rational policy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTevidencebab.pdf | ||||||
| 1494 | Report | Grimshaw, T. | 2012 | Public Policy Planning for Broad Deployment of Cold Fusion for Energy Production in the U.S.: Technology Assessment of LENR Impacts | 17th International Conference on Cold Fusion | University of Texas at Austin | Public Policy Planning for Broad Deployment of Cold Fusion for Energy Production in the U.S.: Technology Assessment of LENR Impacts | LENR public policy, technology assessment for LENR impacts, LENR disruptive innovation, LENR impact mitigation | Cold fusion (LENR) may soon be deployed as a major energy source. Despite its immense public welfare benefit, CF/LENR will likely have adverse secondary impacts that must be addressed through proactive public policy planning. Technology Assessment is a proven method of dealing with the impacts of emerging technologies like CF/LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTpublicpoli.pdf | |||||
| 1495 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T., Concezzi, S., Wenzel, L., Glass, B. | 2013 | Verifications of Francesco Celani's LENR Observations in Nickel-Copper Alloy (Constantan) and Hydrogen Experiments (Poster) | ICCF18 Conference | University of Missouri | Verifications of Francesco Celani's LENR Observations in Nickel-Copper Alloy (Constantan) and Hydrogen Experiments (Poster) | A list of attempted replications of the Celani constantan experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTverificati.pdf | ||||||
| 1496 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T. | 2014 | Cold Fusion Public Policy: Rational -- and Urgent -- Need for Change (PowerPoint slides) | Cold Fusion/LANR Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Cold Fusion Public Policy: Rational -- and Urgent -- Need for Change (PowerPoint slides) | policy | Cold Fusion Energy Policy Two Main Questions * How do we get it? * How do we deal with it when it gets here? * What is it? * Public support for R&D * Dealing with secondary impacts | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTcoldfusiona.pdf | |||||
| 1497 | Conference Proceedings | Grimshaw, T. | 2015 | Integrated Policymaking for Realizing Benefits and Mitigating Impacts of LENR (PowerPoint slides) | ICCF19 conference | Integrated Policymaking for Realizing Benefits and Mitigating Impacts of LENR (PowerPoint slides) | policy | Setting the Stage... ll LENR potential as energy source understood since 1989 ll Changing landscape since rejection by mainstream science ll Four lines of argument for LENR policy changes 1. Number and location of researchers 2. Large body of evidence 3. Advances in LENR explanation 4. Recent developments (e.g., proposed devices) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTintegrated.pdf | ||||||
| 1498 | Journal Article | Grimshaw, T. | 2016 | Integrated Policymaking for Realizing Benefits and Mitigating Impacts of LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 88 Integrated Policymaking for Realizing Benefits and Mitigating Impacts of LENR | The potential benefits of LENR as a source of energy have been well understood since its announcement in 1989. The improved prospects of LENR in the past few years are indicated by the significant numbers and varied locations of researchers in several countries, a large body of accumulated evidence, major advances in explanation and theory development, and recent favourable occurrences, including a plethora of proposed energy-producing devices. The changing landscape creates policymaking opportunities for supporting LENR to realize its potential benefits, planning proactively to deal with anticipated adverse secondary impacts, and integrating the updates in a comprehensive policy program. The first policymaking opportunity, updates of current policies for LENR support, may best be accomplished in a framework of evidence-based policymaking. The level of evidence for the existence of LENR is at least a preponderance of evidence (greater than 50% probability). There may even be clear and convincing evidence (greater than 70%). Correspondingly, the policy response should be at least reinstatement and research comparable to other emerging energy technologies. Enhanced support, perhaps on a par with hot fusion, is indicated if there is clear and convincing evidence. The second policymaking opportunity related to LENR's changing landscape is to address potential adverse secondary impacts with proactive planning. Broad deployment of LENR for energy supply may be expected to have major secondary impacts as a disruptive technology. Direct impacts will take place on all phases of the energy chain ? supply, transport, storage, and consumption. Indirect impacts will be felt most by the components of society that are closely tied to the energy cycle, such as sectors of the workforce and energy-based communities. Technology assessment is a mature and readily available methodology for identifying secondary impacts and developing mitigative measures. A third policymaking opportunity is to integrate LENR policy updates that are needed as demonstrated by its changing landscape. Policies for mitigating adverse secondary impacts, for example, can be formulated based on policies for LENR support and the resulting pace of its development and deployment. New and updated policies may also be integrated at the national and international level and between the public and private sectors. The public interest will be served by update and integration of LENR policies for its development and mitigating its impacts. However, many challenges must be overcome to achieve the update and integration objectives. The world desperately needs new sources of clean and inexpensive energy. The case of cold fusion would perhaps be a curiosity in the history of science if the stakes were not so high. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=96 | |||||||
| 1499 | Report | Grimshaw, T. | 2017 | Policy Interests Interests of U.S. Government Agencies in Emerging Energy Technologies - Review for Potential Cold Fusion Contributions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | University of Texas at Austin | Policy Interests Interests of U.S. Government Agencies in Emerging Energy Technologies - Review for Potential Cold Fusion Contributions | LENR public policy, technology assessment for LENR impacts | Many agencies of the U.S. Government have energy policy responsibilities. These responsibilities include both development and realization of emerging energy technologies and dealing with their secondary impacts. A paper has been prepared to describe the potential role that cold fusion may play in helping agencies accomplish their missions in realizing the benefits of new energy sources and mitigating their secondary impacts. This White Paper serves as an underpinning of the above paper by identifying the most significant energy policymaking agencies of the U.S. Government, describing their overall missions and responsibilities, and delineating their interests specifically in emerging energy technologies. The stage is then set for assessing the potential role of cold fusion. A rigorous attempt is made to characterize the energy interests of the agencies 'in their own words' by extensive review of publicly-available information (primarily websites) made available by the agencies themselves. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GrimshawTpolicyinte.pdf | |||||
| 1500 | Journal Article | Grimshaw, T. | 2020 | Cold Fusion Public Policies: Realizing Benefits and Mitigating Disruptive Impacts | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 32 | Cold Fusion Public Policies: Realizing Benefits and Mitigating Disruptive Impacts | Cold fusion policy, Disruptive technology, Evidence-based policymaking, LENR policy, Rational public policies, Technology assessment | Cold fusion (now widely referred to as low energy nuclear reactions, LENR) has many potential energy benefits for society, but it also has risks of major disruption. Despite being rejected soon after its announcement 30 years ago, LENR has continued to be pursued by researchers worldwide. The continued vitality of the field, and substantial progress in understanding and reproducibility of the phenomenon, have challenged the initial verdict on LENR as non-legitimate science. LENR realization for the benefit of society will be enhanced by the forces of the free market. But government policy changes are needed to realize LENR benefits and deal with its anticipated disruptive impacts. Evidence-based policy making is a rational way to revisit negative policies for research support. Technology assessment is a candidate method for identifying and mitigating LENR's adverse secondary effects. Government agencies and the private sector have the opportunity with LENR to accomplish their missions. As a potential new source of abundant, low-cost, and clean energy, LENR has the possibility of substantially improving the long-term prospects of humankind. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedze.pdf#page=20 | ||||||
| 1501 | Journal Article | Groenlund, F. | 1992 | Electrolysis in calorimetry | J. Thermal Anal., Vol = 38 | Electrolysis in calorimetry | critique, review, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 1502 | Journal Article | Grotz, T. | 1996 | Investigation of reports of the synthesis of iron via arc discharge through carbon compounds | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 106 | Investigation of reports of the synthesis of iron via arc discharge through carbon compounds | transmutation, carbon, arc, critique | ||||||||
| 1503 | Journal Article | Gruber, J. | 1996 | 'Cold Fusion' and space energy technology | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 106 | 'Cold Fusion' and space energy technology | review, CETI | ||||||||
| 1504 | Journal Article | Gryaznov, V. M., Ermilova, M. M., Morozova, L. S., Orekhova, N. V., Polyakova, V. P., Roshan, N. R., Savitsky, E. M., Parfenova, N. I. | 1983 | Palladium Alloys as Hydrogen Permeable Catalysts in Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation Reactions | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 89 | Palladium Alloys as Hydrogen Permeable Catalysts in Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation Reactions | Pd-Re, H, Pd-Ni | ||||||||
| 1505 | Journal Article | Gryzinski, M. | 1989 | Low-temperature fusion of light nuclei in the Fleischmann-Pons reaction | Inz. Aparat. Chem., Vol = 28, Num = 5, Page = 3 (in Polish) | Low-temperature fusion of light nuclei in the Fleischmann-Pons reaction | Commentary, history | ||||||||
| 1506 | Journal Article | Gryzinski, M. | 1989 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | theory, tunnelling | ||||||||
| 1507 | Conference Proceedings | Gryzinski, M. | 1990 | Theory of Electron Catalyzed Fusion in Pd Lattice | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 717 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Theory of Electron Catalyzed Fusion in Pd Lattice | theory | ||||
| 1508 | Journal Article | Gu, A. G., Teng, R. K. F., Miller, M. S., Sprouse, W. J. | 1989 | Preliminary experimental study on cold fusion using deuterium gas and deuterium plasma in the presence of palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Preliminary experimental study on cold fusion using deuterium gas and deuterium plasma in the presence of palladium | D2, Pd, ion bombardment, neutron | ||||||||
| 1509 | Journal Article | Gu, A. G., Teng, R. K. F., Miller, M. S., Sprouse, J. | 1990 | Experimental study on cold fusion using deuterium gas and deuterium ion beam with palladium | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 329 | Experimental study on cold fusion using deuterium gas and deuterium ion beam with palladium | Pd, D2, high pressure, ion bombardment, neutron | ||||||||
| 1510 | Journal Article | Guffey, M. J., Tang, Y., King, P. J. | 2016 | Attempted Replication of Excess Heat in the Letts Dual-laser Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 20 | 1 Attempted Replication of Excess Heat in the Letts Dual-laser Experiment | Dual-laser experiment, Phonon, THz, Triggering | By attempting a nearly exact replication of prior published work, we test the claim that release of non-chemical excess heat from loaded palladium deuteride (PdD) can be triggered by the application of two laser beams with wavelengths selected at specific difference frequencies around 8, 15 and 20 THz. No significant excess heat events were observed in 231 laser triggered trials across 9 cathode runs. The average excess heat rate observed from all runs was 6.1 21.6 mW with 10 W of input electrical power. We found no evidence of excess heat on the order of 100 mW reported by Letts. Calorimetry artifacts stemming from apparatus design issues often exceeded 100 mW and contributed to larger-than-desired uncertainties on individual excess heat measurements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseds.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 1511 | Journal Article | Guggeler, H. W., Jost, D. T., T'rler, A., Armbruster, P., Br'chle, W., Folger, H., Hebberher, F. P., Hofmann, S. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Reactions with 48Ca | Nucl. Phys. A, Vol = 502 | Cold Fusion Reactions with 48Ca | fusion, Ca, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 1512 | Journal Article | Guilinger, T. R., Kelly, M. J., Scully, J. R., Christensen, T. M., Ingersoll, D., Knapp, J. A., Ewing, R. I., Casey, W. H., Tsao, S. S. | 1990 | Investigation of Fusion Reactions in Palladium and Titanium Tritide Using Galvanostatic, Coulometric, and Hydrogen Permeation Techniques | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 299 | Investigation of Fusion Reactions in Palladium and Titanium Tritide Using Galvanostatic, Coulometric, and Hydrogen Permeation Techniques | Pd, Ti, tritium, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 1513 | Report | Guinan, M. W., Chaplin, G. F., Moir, R. W. | 1989 | Catalysis of Deuterium Fusion in Metal Hydrides by Cosmic Ray Muons | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 299 | Los Alamos | Catalysis of Deuterium Fusion in Metal Hydrides by Cosmic Ray Muons | muon, D, Ti, Pd, D2O, theory | |||||||
| 1514 | Journal Article | Gulko, A. G. | 2001 | The Mechanism of Cold Fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 7, Num = 40, Page = 52 | The Mechanism of Cold Fusion | theory fractional hydrogen fission | ||||||||
| 1515 | Journal Article | Gupta, M., Burger, J. P. | 1980 | The electronic structure and its relationship to superconductivity in NiH | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 10 | The electronic structure and its relationship to superconductivity in NiH | NiH, theory, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 1516 | Patent | Gupta, S. D., Jacobs, J. K. | 1991 | Process and apparatus for generating high density hydrogen in a matrix | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 10 | US patent # 4,986,887 | Tertiary Process and apparatus for generating high density hydrogen in a matrix Process and apparatus for generating high density hydrogen in a matrix | loading, Pd, electrolysis, patent | |||||||
| 1517 | Conference Proceedings | Gur, T. M., Schreiber, M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A. | 1990 | Experimental Considerations in Electrochemical Isoperibolic Calorimetry | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 82 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Experimental Considerations in Electrochemical Isoperibolic Calorimetry | heat, method, apparatus, ICCF-1 | A novel concentric cylinder isoperibolic calorimeter was designed and fully characterized. Several different methods of introducing calibration power to the calorimeter were studied and the calibration constant was found to be independent of the method. Calibration constants could be determined with a precision to + 0.5 %. Furthermore, they were independent of the input power level up to 22 W and with a cell temperature up to 60 0C over appreciable periods of time. This new design possesses many advantages that makes it suitable for careful studies of the thermal behavior of electrochemical systems, such as the electrochemical insertion of deuterium into Pd cathodes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=101 | ||
| 1518 | Conference Proceedings | Gur, T. M., Schreiber, M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Huggins, R. A. | 1990 | Experimental Considerations Involved in the Generation of Excess Power as a Result of the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 31 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Experimental Considerations Involved in the Generation of Excess Power as a Result of the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Deuterium in Palladium | heat+, apparatus, method | |||||
| 1519 | Journal Article | Gur, T. M., Schreiber, M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A. | 1994 | An isoperibolic calorimeter to study electrochemical insertion of deuterium into palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | An isoperibolic calorimeter to study electrochemical insertion of deuterium into palladium | heat, method | ||||||||
| 1520 | Journal Article | Gurrath, M., Kuretzky, T., Boehm, H. P., Okhopkova, L. B., Lisitsyn, A. S., Likholobov, V. A. | 2000 | Palladium Catalysts on Activated Carbon Supports, Influence of Reduction Temperature, Origin of the Support and Pretreatments of the Carbon Surface | Carbon, Vol = 38 | Palladium Catalysts on Activated Carbon Supports, Influence of Reduction Temperature, Origin of the Support and Pretreatments of the Carbon Surface | carbon, Case, caralyst | ||||||||
| 1521 | Conference Proceedings | Guruswamy, S., Wadsworth, M. E. | 1990 | Metallurgical Aspects in Cold Fusion Experiments | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 314 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Metallurgical Aspects in Cold Fusion Experiments | Pd, surface analysis, metallurgy, heat+, ICCF-1 | Deuterium loading of palladium cathodes in Pons-Fleischmann type electrolytic cells has been observed to result in generation of excess heat on several occasions. Metallurgical examination of some of the electrodes showed extensive damage associated with deuterium loading. Surfaces have been found to be covered with large number of impurities. Initiation and sustaining these heat bursts, monitoring of nuclear products and materials aspects of these electrolytic cells have been the focus of our current efforts. As D/Pd loading appear to be critical, the measurement of deuterium loading using dilatometry as a function of current density, surface and heat treatment of the cathode and poisoning are currently being investigated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GuruswamySmetallurgi.pdf | ||
| 1522 | Report | Guthrie, S. E. | 1990 | Helium Effects on Palladium Hydride Equilibrium Properties | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 314 | Helium Effects on Palladium Hydride Equilibrium Properties | PdT, 3He, phase diagram, PdH | ||||||||
| 1523 | Journal Article | Gygax, F. N, Schenck, A. | 1986 | Local Hydrogen Arrangement Around the ?+ in a PdH0.74 Single Crystal | Hyperfine Interactions, Vol = 31 | Local Hydrogen Arrangement Around the ?+ in a PdH0.74 Single Crystal | PdH, muon, structure | ||||||||
| 1524 | Conference Proceedings | Hagans, P. L., Dominguez, D. D., Imam, M. A. | 1996 | Surface composition of Pd cathodes | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 249 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Surface composition of Pd cathodes | Pd, surface analysis, electrolysis, ICCF-6, D2O | Results will be presented for the surface analyses of cathodes before and after electrolysis using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Composition as a function of depth was obtained by employing argon ion sputtering to gradually erode away the surface. Although most of the emphasis will be on Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Pd (i.e., Johnson Matthey high purity sponge processed into rod and plate at NRL), data will also be presented from other Pd sources and from reported excess heat-producing cathodes provided by SRI International and NAWC, Naval Air Warfare Center at China Lake, CA. XPS results will be compared with bulk sample cathode and anode analyses obtained by Glow Discharge Mass Spectroscopy (GDMS) and with electrolyte solution analyses obtained by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Spectroscopy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HagansPLsurfacecom.pdf | ||
| 1525 | Journal Article | Hage, H. | 1990 | Boundary conditions in electrochemical measurements of diffusion coefficients of hydrogen in a-palladium | Materials Transactions JIM, Vol = 31, Num = 10, Page = 842 | Boundary conditions in electrochemical measurements of diffusion coefficients of hydrogen in a-palladium | Pd, diffusion, H2 | ||||||||
| 1526 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1989 | Coherent Fusion Theory | Winter Annual Meeting of Am. Soc. Mechan. Eng. | San Francisco, CA | Dec. 10-15, 1989 | Coherent Fusion Theory | theory | ||||||
| 1527 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1989 | Phonon Interactions in Coherent Fusion | Winter Annual Meeting of Am. Soc. Mechan. Eng. | Phonon Interactions in Coherent Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 1528 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1989 | Rates for Neutron and Tritium Production in Coherent D-D Fusion | Winter Annual Meeting of Am. Soc. Mechan. Eng. | Rates for Neutron and Tritium Production in Coherent D-D Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 1529 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1989 | A Simple Model for Coherent D-D Fusion in the Presence of a Lattice | Winter Annual Meeting of Am. Soc. Mechan. Eng. | A Simple Model for Coherent D-D Fusion in the Presence of a Lattice | theory | ||||||||
| 1530 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1990 | Coherent Fusion Mechanisms | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 734 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Coherent Fusion Mechanisms | theory | ||||
| 1531 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1990 | Status of Coherent Fusion Theory | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 99 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Status of Coherent Fusion Theory | theory, ICCF-1, coherent | Nuclear reactions which may exhibit coherent effects have been studied as a candidate explanation for cold fusion effects. An analysis of a general class of two-step coherent reactions involving charged nucleons has been performed, and very small reaction rates are found. This result is due to the small tunneling factors associated with coulomb repulsion. We are investigating two-step coherent reactions which begin through weak interaction mediated electron capture, which in hydrogen isotopes would produce off-shell (virtual) neutrons. No coulomb repulsion occurs for virtual neutrons. Virtual neutron capture by deuterons would yield tritium, and virtual neutron capture by protons would yield deuterons; the latter process is favored by a factor of 104 in the square of the matrix element on a per nucleon basis, and corresponds to a heat-producing reaction. The nuclear reaction energy would be coupled into the electrolysis process, with the final reaction products stationary. We have found that the weak interaction process can in principle be superradiant in the Dicke sense. If so, then considerable acceleration of this type of coherent reaction may occur. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=118 | ||
| 1532 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1990 | Coherent fusion theory | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Coherent fusion theory | Theory | ||||||||
| 1533 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1991 | Coherent and Semi-coherent Neutron Transfer Reactions | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 205 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Coherent and Semi-coherent Neutron Transfer Reactions | theory, ICCF-2 | The novel process of coherent neutron transfer III the presence of a lattice is proposed to be the basis of a number of anomalous phenomena which have recently been reported in i nvestigations of the Pons-Fleischmann effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=220 | ||
| 1534 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1992 | Coherent and Semi-Coherent Neutron Transfer Reactions | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 297 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Coherent and Semi-Coherent Neutron Transfer Reactions | theory, ICCF-3 | Neutron transfer reactions are proposed to account for anomalies reported in Pons-Fleischmann experiments. The prototypical reaction involves the transfer of a neutron (mediated by low frequency electric or magnetic fields) from a donor nucleus to virtual continuum states, followed by the capture of the virtual neutron by an acceptor nucleus. In this work we summarize basic principles, recent results and the ultimate goals of the theoretical effort . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=44 | ||
| 1535 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1992 | Coherent and semicoherent neutron transfer reactions I: The interaction Hamiltonian | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Coherent and semicoherent neutron transfer reactions I: The interaction Hamiltonian | Theory | ||||||||
| 1536 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1993 | Summary of ICCF3 in Nagoya, Feb. 16, 1993 | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Summary of ICCF3 in Nagoya, Feb. 16, 1993 | Trip Report, ICCF3, history | We review highlights of the international cold fusion conference that was held recently in Nagoya, Japan. Excess heat results in heavy water electrolysis experiments constitute the observations with the most important potential applications. Experiments in gas phase systems exhibit fast particle and gamma emission that make progress toward elucidating mechanisms. The evidence in support of a light water heat effect has improved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinsummaryofi.pdf | ||||||
| 1537 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1993 | Lattice-Induced Atomic and Nuclear Reactions | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 11 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Lattice-Induced Atomic and Nuclear Reactions | theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1538 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., Kaushik, S. | 1993 | Neutron Transfer Reactions | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 10 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Ma | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Neutron Transfer Reactions | theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1539 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1993 | Coherent and semicoherent neutron transfer reactions III: Phonon frequency shifts | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Coherent and semicoherent neutron transfer reactions III: Phonon frequency shifts | Theory Ed: Third in a series, this paper focusses on what the author calls the Duschinsky effect, i.e. that which accounts for the change in the lattice mode definitions in the lattice states before and after the fusion event, to gain an understanding of phonon generation. H recognises the problem of a suitable mechanism for energy transfer from high-energy neutrons, yielding only phonons, but believes he has found one, in terms of frequency shifts of three phonon modes. Results of a lengthy analysis are encouraging, but further work is needed. | ||||||||
| 1540 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1995 | Update on Neutron Transfer Reactions | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 327 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Update on Neutron Transfer Reactions | theory, ICCF-5 | We discuss progress in our studies of two new basic physical mechanisms that may be relevant to recent experiments that exhibit anomalies in metal hydrides and deuterides. Anomalous energy transfer from phonon modes to the constituents of a lattice may occur through frequency-shifting phonon modes that are highly excited. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=130 | ||
| 1541 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1996 | Anomalous Energy Transfer between Nuclei and the Lattice | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 382 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Anomalous Energy Transfer between Nuclei and the Lattice | theory, lattice induced, ICCF-6 | We have continued our theoretical efforts to develop models that are relevant to the experimental claims of the observation of anomalies in metal hydrides. Of these anomalies, we have been particularly interested in heat generation both in heavy water and in light water systems, electrochemically induced radioactivity, tritium production and neutron emission. There have been a rather significant modification in our direction over the course of the past year, resulting in new models that appear to be more closely related to the experimental claims. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=397 | ||
| 1542 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 1998 | Anomalous Energy Transfer | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 140 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Anomalous Energy Transfer | theory, energy transfer, ICCF-7 | If it were possible for a large energy quantum to somehow be communicated between a localized nuclear system and the surrounding environment, then it would follow that a quantitative theory could be developed that would account for many of the anomalies claimed in metal deuterides. If a large energy quantum cannot be transferred, then it is unlikely that any theory will be able to account for the claims. Our efforts have focused then on the problem of anomalous energy transfer. We have developed a new theoretical description that places delocalized lattice phonon degrees of freedom on the same footing as local residual position operators. With this formulation, we have found that a lattice vibrational mode cannot accept a large energy quantum, as the coupling is not sufficiently nonlinear. We propose a new set of second order reactions in which a local exothermic reaction couples off-resonance to a highly excited phonon mode at low order, and the phonon mode dissipates the large energy quantum through low order coupling to endothermic channels. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=140 | ||
| 1543 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2000 | A Unified Model for Anomalies in Metal Deuterides | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 363 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | A Unified Model for Anomalies in Metal Deuterides | theory, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1544 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2002 | A unified model for anomalies in metal deuterides | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | A unified model for anomalies in metal deuterides 4005 | ICCF-9, theory, phonon | Nuclear reactions in a lattice are described using an extension of the resonating group method to include the lattice explicitly.? Phonon exchange during fusion and dissociation reactions is predicted?? Second-order site-other-site reactions are predicted under conditions where the reactions at each site exchange phonons with a common phonon mode.? The null reaction in which a dd-fusion at one site is coupled to 4He dissociation at another site is modeled. Coupled-channel equations are developed for the two-site problem, as an illustration of the application of the lattice resonating group method. We have proposed previously that there should exist compact state solutions of the coupled-channel equations, as the associated exchange potential can be attractive.? Such states have been proposed to account for the Kasagi effect, and to provide a foundation for many of the anomalies that are seen in metal deuterides.? Our analysis of the two-site system suggests so far has not yielded compact state solutions.? Preliminary results for the many-site problem are presented, which leads to evidence in support of the stability of the compact states, and which leads to a new overall picture for the anomalies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinaunifiedmoa.pdf | |||
| 1545 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2003 | Unified Phonon-Coupled SU(N) Models For Anomalies In Metal Deuterides | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Unified Phonon-Coupled SU(N) Models For Anomalies In Metal Deuterides | theory | We present a systematic, but abbreviated, account of issues and models for anomalies in metal deuterides. To interact, deuterons must get close to one another, and we consider conditions under which this occurs and the ramifications. Within the general picture under discussion, anomalies are ultimately a consequence of phonon exchange that occurs when nuclear reactions take place in the solid state. We review the generalization of the resonating group method for reactions in vacuum to include solid state effects, and discuss implications for experiment. Phonon exchange in the case of a much simplified scalar Gaussian nuclear model is reviewed. The coupling of reactions at different sites is explored, and connections are made with recent experiments on alpha emission. The fastest site-other-site reactions are null reactions in which fusion reactions and their inverses are coupled. A consideration of these processes leads to the conclusion that compact states should be present stabilized by phonon exchange, and that these may be responsible for anomalies in recent beam experiments with metal deuterides. Energy exchange between nuclei and the lattice can be very efficient, according to results from idealized models for null reactions involving many sites. Aspects of excess heat production and other effects appear to be addressed by the new models. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinunifiedpho.pdf | |||
| 1546 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2003 | Resonant Tunneling and Resonant Excitation Transfer | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Resonant Tunneling and Resonant Excitation Transfer | theory | Issues involved in the tunneling of deuterons in metal deuterides are considered in relation to experimental claims of anomalies in metal deuterides. From earlier studies, screening is thought to be similar to the case of molecular D2 . Resonant tunneling has been advocated in the literature as a possible mechanism to achieve tunneling enhancements. We develop a two-level system for a piecewise constant potential model for resonant tunneling that matches the energy levels in the vicinity of a level crossing, arguing that such models are applicable for more general potential models. Resonant tunneling effects and dynamics, including acceleration due to coherence, are accounted for in the model. The model is extended to include relaxation effects, and it is found that one would not expect to find coherent effects associated with tunneling in the case of two deuterons in a metal lattice. We present a simple model for the transfer of excitation from a collection of deuterons to a collection of helium nuclei, a model closely related to resonant tunneling and also to new phonon-coupled SU(N) models under development. The excitation transfer models show coherent enhancements as well as collective effects. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinresonanttu.pdf | |||
| 1547 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2003 | Thermal to Electric Energy Conversion | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Thermal to Electric Energy Conversion | thermoelectric, Energy Conversion | As research in the area of excess power production moves forward, issues associated with thermal to electric conversion become increasingly important. This paper provides a brief tutorial on basic issues, including the Carnot limit, entropy, and thermoelectric conversion. Practical thermal to electric conversion is possible well below the Carnot limit, and this leads to a high threshold for self-sustaining operation in Pons-Fleischmann type experiments. Excess power production at elevated temperatures will become increasingly important as we move toward self-sustaining devices and energy production for applications. Excess power production in heatproducing systems that do not require electrical input have an enormous advantage over electrochemical systems. Such systems should be considered seriously within our community in the coming years. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinthermaltoe.pdf | |||
| 1548 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2003 | Forward | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Forward | review | The Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion was held at the Royal Sonesta Hotel in Cambridge, about a mile from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, August 24-29, 2003. More than 150 people registered for the conference. There were 113 abstracts submitted prior to the conference, and several talks were added during the conference. About 60 oral presentations were scheduled with 25 minutes allowed for most talks. All oral presentations were given in the main hall, and there were no parallel sessions. Abstracts were submitted for talks on excess heat and related topics, tritium, transmutation, nuclear emissions, theory, and a small number of other topics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinforward.pdf | |||
| 1549 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., McKubre, M. C. H., Nagel, D. J., Chubb, T. A., Hekman, R. | 2004 | New Physical Effects in Metal Deuterides | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | New Physical Effects in Metal Deuterides | Review | The experimental evidence for anomalies in metal deuterides, including excess heat and nuclear emissions, suggests the existence of new physical effects. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinnewphysica.pdf | |||||
| 1550 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2005 | Models for anomalies in condensed matter deuterides | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Models for anomalies in condensed matter deuterides | theory | Models based on phonon exchange for excess heat production in Fleischmann-Pons experiments are considered. In the case that sufficient phonon exchange occurs to stabilize intermediate states containing a neutral, then a model in which excitation is transferred from the D2 /4He system to a strongly coupled quantum system made up of an oscillator (highly-excited phonon mode) and a Dicke system (ground state and excited state receiver nuclei) seem appropriate. We find that a coupled Dicke system and oscillator can support energy coupling in the case of strong coupling. We present evolution equations for resonant coupled Dicke systems, augmented with loss. An update is provided on phonon exchange in nuclear calculations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinmodelsfora.pdf | ||||
| 1551 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2008 | Excitation transfer and energy exchange processes for modeling the Fleischmann-Pons excess heat effect | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Excitation transfer and energy exchange processes for modeling the Fleischmann-Pons excess heat effect | Theory | The absence of energetic particles commensurate with the energy produced is the single most notable feature of the Fleischmann-Pons experiment for theory, assuming that a new nuclear process is involved.? We discuss briefly energy exchange between two-level systems and a low energy oscillator, concluding that spin-boson models augmented with loss are able to describe coherent energy exchange involving a large number of oscillator quanta.? Since the coupling between deuterons and the lattice is weak, the excitation must be transferred to a different system with stronger coupling, in order to develop a simple model relevant for heat production.? The resulting toy model can be used for simulation, and we describe briefly ongoing efforts to develop a computational model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinexcitation.pdf | |||||
| 1552 | Book Section | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2008 | Models Relevant to Excess Heat Production in Fleischmann-Pons Experiments | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Models Relevant to Excess Heat Production in Fleischmann-Pons Experiments | Observations of excess heat in the absence of commensurate energetic charged particles challenges local energy and momentum conservation, a foundation of nuclear physics. We have explored models based on excitation transfer, in which global energy is conserved but local energy conservation is violated. We present recent results on both excitation transfer and anomalous energy exchange within the context of lossless spin-boson models. We introduce a rotation that allows us to isolate terms in the rotated Hamiltonian responsible for both processes. Spin-boson type models augmented with loss appear to be sufficiently strong to account for the excess heat effect. | 0-8412-6966-1 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinmodelsrele.pdf | |||||
| 1553 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I., Melich, M. E., Johnson, R. | 2008 | A Theoretical Formulation for Problems in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | A Theoretical Formulation for Problems in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Theory | |||||||
| 1554 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., Melich, M. E., Johnson, R. | 2008 | Input To Theory From Experiment In The Fleischmann-Pons Effect | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Input To Theory From Experiment In The Fleischmann-Pons Effect | Theory | Excess heat in the Flesichmann-Pons effect constitutes a new physical effect unlike other physical processes with which we are familiar. Many groups have proposed theoretical mechanisms to account for the effect, but at present none has been generally accepted. This motivates us to review what experiment tells us about theory. There exists a relatively large body of experimental results, and it is possible to connect many of these individual results to theoretical statements, which might then be used as the basis for the development of new theoretical models. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteininputtothe.pdf | |||||
| 1555 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2008 | Electron mass shift in nonthermal systems | J. Phys. B, Vol = 41, Num = 12 | Electron mass shift in nonthermal systems | |||||||||
| 1556 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2009 | Modeling excess heat in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Modeling excess heat in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Over the past several years we have described models based on the linear coupling between two-level systems and an oscillator which are able to convert a large energy quantum into a large number of small energy quantum. At ICCF14 we presented a formula that can be used to calculate the phonon exchange matrix element for a nuclear reaction occurring in a lattice; in this presentation we report on our progress in the brute force computation of the matrix element based on realistic nuclear models. We consider also the development of semiclassical models which can approximate the dynamics of the quantum model. Finally, we describe the use of these models in a numerical simulation of the Fleischmann-Pons experiment. In these models a bottleneck occurs associated with helium diffusion out of the active region. We find that if the active region is thin (100 nm or less) that helium diffusion is fast, and excess heat production can occur in a steady state mode. If the active region is thick (500 nm or greater), then helium diffusion is slow and excess heat in these models occurs in bursts. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinmodelingex.pdf | ||||
| 1557 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., Letts, D., Cravens, D. | 2009 | Progress on two-laser experiments (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Progress on two-laser experiments (PowerPoint slides) | Laser stimulation, excess heat | Goal: to see if Pxs responds to the beat frequency * In previous years Letts and Cravens showed that a laser could trigger excess heat * Hope was that two lasers might trigger excess heat * If so, then could study the dependence of excess heat on the difference frequency * Possible method to see whether optical phonons involved | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinprogresson.pdf | ||||
| 1558 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2009 | Electrochemical models for the Fleischmann-Pons experiment | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Electrochemical models for the Fleischmann-Pons experiment | The loading of Pd by hydrogen isotopes in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment does not seem to be well described by the hydrogen/deuterium evolution reaction model that is commonly used for hydrogen in metals. We consider modified versions of the model that may be more relevant to the loading of deuterium in Pd. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=60 | |||||
| 1559 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2009 | Arguments for dideuterium near monovacancies in PdD | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Arguments for dideuterium near monovacancies in PdD | Molecular D2 does not form in bulk PdD because the electron density sufficiently high so that antibonding orbitals are occupied. The electron density can be lower in the vicinity of a vacancy. We examine the possibility that sigma-bonded dideuterium can occur at the lowered electron density near a monovacancy in PdD. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=99 | |||||
| 1560 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2010 | Simple Parameterizations of the Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion Cross Sections | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | Simple Parameterizations of the Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion Cross Sections | dd-Fusion cross section, Fitting functions for cross section, Nuclear fusion, Numerical fits | Simple parameterizations of the deuteron-deuteron fusion cross sections are given in a form suitable for numerical calculations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=37 | ||||||
| 1561 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2010 | NeutronYield for Energetic Deuterons in PdD and in D2O | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | NeutronYield for Energetic Deuterons in PdD and in D2O | Fleischmann-Pons effect, Correlation of neutrons with heat, Neutron yield for deuterons in PdD, Energy exchange with deuterons | To account for the excess heat in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment, it has been proposed that the reaction energy can be shared among a large number of deuterons. In order to help quantify how many deuterons are required to be consistent with experiment, we have computed the neutron yield for deuteron-deuteron fusion reactions in both PdD and in D2O. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=41 | ||||||
| 1562 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2010 | Secondary NeutronYield in the Presence of Energetic Alpha Particles in PdD | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | Secondary NeutronYield in the Presence of Energetic Alpha Particles in PdD | Secondary neutron yield, Fleischmann-Pons effect, Aneutronic fusion, Correlation of excess power and neutrons | It has been proposed that energy can be released in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment as energetic alpha particles in aneutronic fusion reactions. In this scenario, the energetic alpha particles could be ?idden? since they have a relatively short range in PdD. We evaluate the yield of secondary neutrons which result from deuteron-deuteron fusion reactions from energetic deuterons produced in collisions with energetic alpha particles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=47 | ||||||
| 1563 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2010 | On the connection between Ka X-rays and energetic alpha particles in Fleischmann-Pons experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | On the connection between Kα X-rays and energetic alpha particles in Fleischmann-Pons experiments | Fleischmann-Pons experiments, K-alpha emission, Gamma-emission, 478 keV line of 7Li | X-ray emission at Ka energies has been reported in Fleischmann-Pons experiments, and alpha particle emission has been reported in others. It is possible for energetic alpha particles to result in Kα radiation following impact ionization. As a result, one might imagine that Ka radiation is a signature of energetic ions in these experiments. We have calculated yields for Kα X-rays as a function of the energetic alpha particle energy in PdD. As a result of these calculations, we conclude that it is unlikely that these X-rays are a result of energetic alpha particles. We note that energetic alpha particles can produce excitation in lithium at 478 keV, and that the relative line strength of the Pd Kα, the Pt Kα and the Li 478 keV line can be used as a consistency check for energetic alpha particles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=56 | ||||||
| 1564 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Letts, D., Cravens, D. | 2010 | Terahertz difference frequency response of PdD in two-laser experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | Terahertz difference frequency response of PdD in two-laser experiments | Fleischmann-Pons experiment, 2-Laser stimulation, Optical phonon modes, THz difference frequency | The cell responded to three difference frequencies in the THz range at 8.2 THz, at 15.1 THz, and at 20.8 THz. The first two of these frequencies can be associated with optical phonon frequencies of PdD with zero velocity. We examine the conjectures that the response at 20.8 THz is due to deuterium in vacancies in the gold coating, or due to hydrogen contamination. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=65 | ||||||
| 1565 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Letts, D. | 2010 | Analysis of some experimental data from the two-laser experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | Analysis of some experimental data from the two-laser experiment | Data analysis, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Optical phonons, Two-laser experiment | We consider simple relaxation models for fitting data from two-laser experiments. The approach has been used to analyze the data systematically from many data sets. A result of the fitting is that we find that the excess power responds quickly near 8 THz, and slowly near 15 and 21 THz. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=83 | ||||||
| 1566 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2010 | Constraints on energetic particles in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment | Naturwiss., Vol = 97, Num = 4 | Constraints on energetic particles in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment | particle emission | In recent Fleischmann-Pons experiments carried out by different groups, a thermal signal is seen indicative of excess energy production of a magnitude much greater than can be accounted for by chemistry. Correlated with the excess heat appears to be 4He, with the associated energy near 24 MeV per helium atom. In nuclear reactions, the energy produced is expressed through the kinetic energy of the products; hence it would be natural to assume that some of the reaction energy ends up as kinetic energy of the 4He nucleus. Depending on the energy that the helium nucleus is born with, it will result in radiation (such as neutrons or x-rays) that can be seen outside of the cell. We have computed estimates of the expected neutron and x-ray emission as a function of helium energy, and compared the results with upper limits taken from experiments. Experimental results with upper limits of neutron emission between 0.008 to 0.8 n/J are found to correspond to upper limits in alpha energy between 6.2 keV and 20.2 keV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinconstraint.pdf | ||||||
| 1567 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2011 | Energy Exchange Using Spin-Boson Models with Infinite Loss | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Energy Exchange Using Spin-Boson Models with Infinite Loss | Excess power, Fleischmann-Pons effect, Lossy-spin boson model, Phonon exchange | From experiment we know that energy is produced in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment, and that commensurate 4He is observed, with about 24 MeV per helium atom. From the absence of neutrons in experiments producing excess heat, we know that the helium nuclei are born with less than 10 keV energy on average. This results in the key theoretical problem associated with the Fleischmann-Pons experiment: where does the energy go? In the lossy spin-boson model, a large energy quantum is converted into many small quanta. Here we present a new analysis of the lossy spin-boson model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=210 | ||||||
| 1568 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2011 | Energy Exchange In The Lossy Spin-Boson Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Energy Exchange In The Lossy Spin-Boson Model | Coherent energy exchange, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Lossy spin-boson model, Theory | Excess heat in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment is observed without commensurate energetic particles, which is inconsistent with known nuclear reactions. Any proposed model must address this at the outset. At present, we recognize are two general approaches to the problem: mechanisms which transfer the reaction energy directly to a condensed matter mode, which requires the fractionation of a large quantum into many small quanta; mechanisms in which the large energy quantum is converted to kinetic energy over a very large number of neighboring nuclei. We have focused on the first approach, and we have found a model that seems to accomplish this. Here we introduce the model, which we call the 'lossy spin-boson model'. We find that energy exchange in the lossless spin-boson model is hindered due to destructive interference effects. Augmenting the model with loss removes the destructive interference, and we use perturbation theory on a specific example for illustration. Feshbach projection operators and the Brillouin-Wigner formalism which we adopt to describe loss in the model are reviewed in Appendix A. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=58 | ||||||
| 1569 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2011 | Dynamics in the Case of Coupled Degenerate States | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Dynamics in the Case of Coupled Degenerate States | Coherent dynamics, Degenerate states, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Lossy spin-boson model | Excess heat in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment has been observed in a great many experiments, and we have been working toward the development of a theoretical model to account for it. In the experiments, excess heat is correlated with 4He, but there are no commensurate energetic particles. This has motivated us to consider models in which the excess energy is communicated directly to low energy degrees of freedom associated with the solid state environment. We have found relatively simple models which are capable of splitting up a large energy quantum into a very large number of much smaller energy quanta. In order to analyze these new models, we are motivated to consider the dynamics associated with a set of ordered degenerate states with nearest neighbor coupling. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=78 | ||||||
| 1570 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2011 | Second-order Formulation and Scaling in the Lossy Spin-Boson Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Second-order Formulation and Scaling in the Lossy Spin-Boson Model | Coherent energy exchange, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Lossy spin-boson model, Theory | In the Fleischmann-Pons experiment, energy is produced without commensurate energetic reaction products. To account for this we have proposed new models in which coherent energy exchange occurs between two-level systems with a large energy quantum, and an oscillator with a much smaller characteristic energy. In earlier work we demonstrated using perturbation theory that the lossy spin-boson model is capable of efficient coherent energy exchange when many oscillator quanta are exchanged for a two-level system quanta on resonance. Here we introduce a formulation that isolates nearly degenerate states in the lossy spin-boson model, and allows the computation of the self-energy and indirect coupling matrix elements. From calculations of simple lossy spin boson models we establish a scaling law and define the dimensionless coupling constant g for the system. Direct calculations using this approach is not possible for large models in which a great many oscillator quanta are exchanged, but the formulation provides a foundation for understanding this kind of model, and will allow us to develop more powerful approximate methods. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=93 | ||||||
| 1571 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2011 | Local Approximation for the Lossy Spin-boson Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | 102-115 Local Approximation for the Lossy Spin-boson Model | Coherent energy exchange, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Lossy spin-boson model, Theory | We are interested in the problem of coherent energy exchange in the spin-boson model augmented with loss, in the limit of infinite loss. This model is interesting because it predicts rapid coherent energy exchange under conditions when the transition energy of the two-level systems is much greater than the characteristic energy of the oscillator. Here we introduce the local approximation, in which we assume that the matrix elements change little when an energy exchange event occurs. This approximation results in a periodic system when a resonance condition is satisfied, which is much easier to solve than the original problem. We consider a model problem where we analyze the self-energy and indirect coupling matrix elements numerically and in the local approximation, with good agreement. Systematic results from the local approximation are obtained for the self-energy and indirect coupling matrix elements in models where 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 quanta are exchanged. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=108 | ||||||
| 1572 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2011 | Coherent Energy Exchange in the Strong Coupling Limit of the Lossy Spin-Boson Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Coherent Energy Exchange in the Strong Coupling Limit of the Lossy Spin-Boson Model | Coherent energy exchange, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Lossy spin-boson model, Theory | We focus on the lossy spin-boson model since it is capable of efficient energy exchange between two-level systems and an oscillator under conditions where the characteristic energy of the oscillator is small compared to the transition energy of the two-level systems. We are considering this model as the essential component for a theoretical understanding of the excess heat effect in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment. We introduce an iterative algorithm that allows the numerical calculation of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the coefficient eigenvalue equation that arises in the local approximation. From systematic calculations in the strong coupling limit we establish scaling laws for the self-energy and for the indirect coupling matrix element in the local approximation. These results are used to study the system dynamics for simple strong coupling models. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=122 | ||||||
| 1573 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2011 | Generalization of the Lossy Spin-Boson Model to Donor and Receiver Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Generalization of the Lossy Spin-Boson Model to Donor and Receiver Systems | Coherent Fusion, Donor-receiver Model, Excitation Transfer, Theory Excess Heat in the Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | Energy in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment is produced without commensurate energetic particles, and 4He is seen in amounts proportional to the energy produced (with a ratio of energy to number near 24 MeV). Correspondingly we focus on the D2/ 4He transition as a two-level system coupled to an oscillator, in order to make a connection with the lossy spin-boson model considered in previous work. Because of the strong Coulomb repulsion between the deuterons, the associated coupling matrix element is very small, and there is no possibility of converting the transition energy to oscillator quanta within a simple lossy spin-boson model. This motivates us to generalize to more complicated model that includes a set of (donor) two-level systems for the D2/ 4He transition, and a set of (receiver) two-level systems that are strongly coupled to the oscillator. We analyze the resulting model in the limit that the receiver system is very strongly coupled. Within this formulation, the associated dynamics can be interpreted in terms of a transition from D2 to 4He with direct conversion (and fractionation) of the large energy quantum to the oscillator, once the coupling with the receiver system is sufficiently strong. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=146 | ||||||
| 1574 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2012 | Modeling Karabut's collimated x-rays, and excess heat in the Piantelli NiH exp't (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Modeling Karabut's collimated x-rays, and excess heat in the Piantelli NiH exp't (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Take away message * Excess heat seen in NiH * Electrochemical systems, gas systems * Harder to load * Easier to make vacancies * HD formation good * Donor-receiver model happy * Is some D in H * Larger interaction matrix element since Gamow factor smaller | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinmodelingka.pdf | |||||
| 1575 | Conference Proceedings | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2012 | Modeling excess heat and related issues (PowerPoint Slies) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Modeling excess heat and related issues (PowerPoint Slies) | Theory | Take away message * If d+d -> 4He, would expect 24 MeV for Q-value * But experiments need to weigh in (might be other reactants) * 4He retention problem * Results from (2) experiments with scrubbing give 24 MeV * Consistent with d+d -> 4He (but not proof of) * Need more experiments (prevented by lack of support) * Theoretical issues loom large since no 24 MeV gamma | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinmodelingexa.pdf | |||||
| 1576 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2012 | Bird's EyeView of Phonon Models for Excess Heat in the Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Bird's EyeView of Phonon Models for Excess Heat in the Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | Excess heat, Coherent energy exchange, Fleischmann-Pons effect, Theory | Over the past several years, we have been developing models relevant to excess heat in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment. Here we review some of the key issues, and give an account of some of the progress that we have made. The excess heat effect is prodigious, and 4He seems to be correlated with the energy, but there are no energetic particles seen in amounts commensurate with the energy. This motivated us to seek models which fractionate a large energy quantum, and the lossy spin-boson model appears to do the job. Coherent energy exchange in the fractionation limit and excitation transfer are the mechanisms required which allow us to describe a new set of reactions and associated models which seem to be relevant to the experiments. The resulting models allow us to develop interpretations for numerous experimental observations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=178 | ||||||
| 1577 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2012 | Including Nuclear Degrees of Freedom in a Lattice Hamiltonian | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | 35 Including Nuclear Degrees of Freedom in a Lattice Hamiltonian | Theory, Condensed matter nuclear science, Fleischmann-Pons effect, Fundamental Hamiltonian, Lattice-nuclear coupling, Relativistic effects, Spin-boson model | Motivated by many observations of anomalies in condensed matter systems, we consider a new fundamental Hamiltonian in which condensed matter and nuclear systems are described initially on the same footing. Since it may be possible that the lattice will respond to the mass change associated with a excited nuclear state, we adopt a relativistic description throughout based on a many-particle Dirac formalism. This approach has not been used in the past, perhaps due to the difficulty in separating the center of mass and relative degrees of freedom of the nuclear system, or perhaps due to an absence of applications for such a model. In response to some recent ideas about how to think about the center of mass and relative separation, we obtained from the Dirac model a new fundamental Hamiltonian in which the lattice couples to different states within the composite nuclei within the lattice. In this description the different nuclear states have different mass energies and kinetic energies, as we had expected. In addition there appear new terms which provide for nuclear excitation as a result of coupling to the composite momentum. This new effect comes about because of changes in the composite nuclear state as a result of the dynamical Lorentz boost in the lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedf.pdf#page=40 | ||||||
| 1578 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2012 | Errata and Comments on a Recent Set of Papers in Journal of Condensed Matter in Nuclear Science | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | 1 Errata and Comments on a Recent Set of Papers in Journal of Condensed Matter in Nuclear Science | Theory, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons effect, Spin-boson model | Recently we published a series of papers that focused on coherent energy exchange in the context of the lossy spin-boson model in this journal. Minor errors have been identified, and we provide corrections here. In addition, we give additional discussion of some of the issues. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedf.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 1579 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2012 | Pulse and Amplitude Approximation for the Lossy Spin-Boson Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Pulse and Amplitude Approximation for the Lossy Spin-Boson Model | Fleischmann-Pons effect, Lossy spin-boson model, Phonon exchange, Quantum fractionation | The lossy spin-boson model is of interest to us since it predicts efficient energy exchange between identical two-level systems and an oscillator when the transition energy is a large (odd) multiple of the the oscillator energy. This model is not so easy to solve directly in the strong coupling regime, so we have developed approximate versions of the model that are easier to analyze. Here we introduce the pulse and amplitude approximation which compares very well with exact numerical solutions when the coupling is strong, and when the characteristic oscillator energy is much less than the transition energy. We examine discrete and continuum versions of the approximation, and find that they give good results for the solutions and for the self-energy. We show that the indirect coupling matrix element can be estimated from differences in the eigenvalue of the pulse optimization constraint for solutions with different phases. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=35 | ||||||
| 1580 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2012 | Coupling between a Deuteron and a Lattice | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Coupling between a Deuteron and a Lattice | a ? cP interaction, Deuteron, Fleischmann-Pons effect, Quantum fractionation, Phonon exchange matrix element | We recently put forth a new fundamental lattice Hamiltonian based on an underlying picture of electrons and deuterons as elementary Dirac particles. Within this model there appears a term in which lattice vibrations are coupled to internal nuclear transitions. This is interesting as it has the potential to provide a connection between experiment and models that describe coherent energy transfer between two-level systems and an oscillator. In this work we describe a calculation of the coupling matrix element in the case of the deuteron based on the old empirical Hamada-Johnston model for the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The triplet S and D states of the the deuteron in the rest frame couples to a singlet P state through this new interaction. The singlet P state in this calculation is a virtual state with an energy of 125 MeV, and a coupling matrix element for z-directed motion given by 2.98 ? 10-3 M JcPz . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=55 | ||||||
| 1581 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2013 | On Theory and Science Generally in Connection with the Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | Infinite Energy | On Theory and Science Generally in Connection with the Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | Review | I was encouraged to contribute to an editorial generally on the topic of theory in science, in connection with publication of a paper focused on some recent ideas that Ed Storms has put forth regarding a model for how excess heat works in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment. Such a project would compete for my time with other commitments, including teaching, research and family-related commitments; so I was reluctant to take it on. On the other hand I found myself tempted, since over the years I have been musing about theory, and also about science, as a result of having been involved in research on the Fleischmann-Pons experiment. As you can see from what follows, I ended up succumbing to temptation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Hagelsteinontheoryan.pdf | ||||||
| 1582 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2013 | Central and Tensor Contributions to the Phonon-exchange Matrix Element for the D2/4He Transition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | Central and Tensor Contributions to the Phonon-exchange Matrix Element for the D2/4He Transition | D2/4H phonon exchange matrix element, Excess heat, Fleischmann-Pons effect, Nuclear physics calculation, Phonon exchange, Selection rules | The biggest theoretical problem associated with excess heat in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment in our view has been the absence of energetic particles in amounts commensurate with the energy produced. In response we have pursued models in which the large nuclear energy quantum is fractionated into a great many lower energy quanta. To connect these idealized models to the physical system we need to evaluate the associated coupling matrix elements. Recently we have found a new coupling mechanism that arises when a lattice model is derived starting from a Dirac description of individual nucleons; this coupling mechanism can be considered a generalization of spin-orbit coupling and produces interactions between the center of mass dynamics and internal nuclear degrees of freedom. In this work we develop a simplified model for 4He and molecular D2 states with which we evaluate the phonon exchange matrix element for D2/4He transitions based on the new interaction. We restrict our calculation to the central and tensor contributions of the Hamada-Johnston nucleon-nucleon potential, which are the strongest, and find coupling between ground state 4He and triplet P and F molecular states. This interaction matrix element can be used in generalized lossy spin-boson models for the calculation of excess heat production in the Fleischmann-Pons experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=20 | ||||||
| 1583 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2013 | Lossy Spin-boson Model with an Unstable Upper State and Extension to N-level Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | Lossy Spin-boson Model with an Unstable Upper State and Extension to N-level Systems | Coherent energy exchange, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Lossy spin-boson model, Theory | In the Fleischmann-Pons experiment, excess heat is thought to have a nuclear origin due to the amount of energy produced, yet there are no commensurate energetic particles. This has motivated us over the years to focus attention on models in which a large quantum is fractionated into a great many small quanta. We have found that many two-level systems with a large transition energy are able to exchange energy coherently with an oscillator with a much smaller characteristic energy as long as decay channels are present in the vicinity of the two-level transition energy. In previous work we analyzed this basic model, and obtained estimates for the coherent energy exchange rate in the strong coupling limit. In this work we consider a version of this model where the upper states of the two-level systems are unstable. In this case, there is no coherent energy exchange, but instead we find a dynamical polarization effect which we have analyzed. We extend the model to the case of three-level systems, and generalize the result to apply to general N-level systems. Coherent energy exchange is possible within the context of a donor and receiver model, where the receiver transitions have unstable upper states. We give results for the donor dynamics in this case. This model provides a foundation for a new kind of model that we put forth recently for which the predictions appear to be closely connected to experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=64 | ||||||
| 1584 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2013 | Electron Mass Enhancement and the Widom-Larsen Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | Electron Mass Enhancement and the Widom-Larsen Model | Electric field fluctuations, Increased electron mass, LENR theory, Weak interaction models, Widom-Larsen theory | Widom and Larsen have put forth a model to describe excess heat and transmutation in LENR experiments. This model is the single most successful theoretical model that the field has seen since it started; it has served as the theoretical justi?cation for a program at NASA; and it has accumulated an enormous number of supporters both within and outside of the condensed matter nuclear science community. The first step in the model involves the proposed accumulation of mass by electrons through Coulomb interactions with electrons and ions in highly-excited coupled plasmon and optical phonon modes. Historically for us this mass increase has been hard to understand, so we were motivated in this study to understand better how this comes about. To study it, we consider simple classical models which show the effect, from which we see that the mass increase can be associated with the electron kinetic energy. The basic results of the simple classical model carry over to the quantum problem in the case of simple wave packet solutions. Since there are no quantum fluctuations of the longitudinal field in the Coulomb gauge, the resulting problem is conventional, and we find no reason to expect MeV electron kinetic energy in a conventional consideration of electrons in metals. We consider the numerical example outlined in a primer on the Widom-Larsen model, and find that multiple GW/cm2 would be required to support the level of vibrational excitation assumed in the surface layer; this very large power per unit area falls short by orders of magnitude the power level needed to make up the expected energy loss of the mass-enhanced electrons. We note that the mass enhancement of an electron in a transverse field is connected to acceleration, so that the electron radiates. A similar effect is expected in the longitudinal case, and a very large amount of easily detected X-ray radiation would be expected if an MeV-level mass enhancement were present even in a modest number of electrons | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=23 | ||||||
| 1585 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2013 | Born-Oppenheimer and Fixed-point Models for Second-order Phonon Exchange in a Metal | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | Born-Oppenheimer and Fixed-point Models for Second-order Phonon Exchange in a Metal | Phonon theory, Born-Oppenheimer approximation, phonon ?uctuations, fractionation | We have been interested in the development of a model for anomalies in condensed matter nuclear science, and over the past few years we have developed new models that describe coherent phonon exchange between a highly-excited vibrational mode and nuclei under conditions of fractionation. When we modeled collimated X-ray emission in the Karabut experiment, we found that the conditions required by the model did not match the conditions of the experiment. One possible reason for this might be the neglect of phonon ?uctuations due to coupling with conduction electrons. We would like to add a description of this effect to our phonon-nuclear model; however, models normally used for electron?honon interactions in metals are based on the Bloch picture, and we were concerned that it may not be well suited to the problem. This has motivated us to develop a new model for phonon ?uctuations in a metal that is based on the Born-Oppenheimer picture, within the context of a Brillouin?igner formulation. The Born-Oppenheimer results are complicated, so we have reduced them in a simpler ?xed-point picture (which is based on a Taylor series expansion of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation around ?xed nuclear equilibrium points). In order to verify the resulting formalism, we constructed a simpli?ed model for the monatomic crystal phonon dispersion relation, which is well known in the Bloch picture literature. From this model we are able to extract the longitudinal dielectric constant. We ?nd that the ?xed-point dielectric constant at second order is more accurate than the Bloch picture equivalent, and that it includes dynamic corrections that match the result from ?eld theory up to O(?2). This model is used in a subsequent paper for the development of phonon ?uctuation models, where it is found that the Bloch picture is appropriate when the metal sample is micron scale or larger, and that the Born-Oppenheimer picture is appropriate for nano-scale samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=74 | ||||||
| 1586 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2013 | Phonon-nuclear Coupling for Anomalies in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | Phonon-nuclear Coupling for Anomalies in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Phonon theory, fractionation, Fleischmann-Pons experiment, Karabut experiment, fundamental Hamiltonian | Excess heat in the Fleischmann?ons experiment is thought to have a nuclear origin, yet there are no energetic particles observed in amounts commensurate with the energy produced. This in our view is the most fundamental issue in connection with theory. In earlier work we developed a mathematical model (the lossy spin?oson model) which shows coherent energy exchange between two-level systems and an oscillator under conditions of fractionation. Recently, we have found an interesting physical model that is closely connected, and which is capable of coherent energy exchange with fractionation; this model is based on a relativistic description of composite nuclei in a lattice. In this work we present a much stronger development of the model directly from ?eld theory than given previously. In the lossy spin?oson model, the ability of the model to fractionate a large quantum depends on the presence of suitable loss mechanisms; the same is true in the case of the new physical model. The new model predicts anomalies such as excess heat without energetic nuclear radiation, 4He production, low-level gamma emission, and collimated X-ray emission in the Karabut experiment; however, as yet we have not demonstrated agreement between theory and experiment. Last summer we concluded (erroneously) that coupling with strong static transitions might impact the fractionation power of the model on dynamic transitions, and the resulting model appeared to be in agreement with our interpretation of the experiment. Here we review this kind of model more carefully, and ?nd that no such enhancement is present. Our conclusion in the end is that the theory, model, and interpretation are 'close' to the experimental results in the case of the Karabut experiment, but some problem remains. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=110 | ||||||
| 1587 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2014 | Models for Phonon-Nuclear Interactions and Collimated X-ray Emission in the Karabut Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 177-222 Models for Phonon-Nuclear Interactions and Collimated X-ray Emission in the Karabut Experiment | Collimated X-rays, Fractionation, Karabut experiment, Phonon-Nuclear coupling, Phonon theory | Excess heat in the Fleischmann?ons experiment occurs without commensurate energetic nuclear radiation, which motivated us to seek mechanisms capable of fractionating a large quantum, resulting in the lossy spin-boson model. Collimated x-ray emission in the Karabut experiment we interpreted as demonstrating the conversion of vibrational energy to nuclear excitation, as predicted from the lossy spin-boson model; this motivated us to seek physical models that could account for the effect. We found that the coupling strength associated with electron-nuclear and electron?lectron coupling was too weak to fractionate keV quanta into 100 MHz vibrations, which motivated us to seek a theory in which nuclear transitions coupled directly to vibrations. These considerations led us to a lattice model with a relativistic description of compound nuclei, in which a strong phonon-nuclear interaction is present. This interaction is normally rotated out with the Foldy?outhuysen transformation, but in the presence of strong loss mechanisms this transformation becomes unhelpful. The model that results describes the coupling of vibrational energy to nuclear excitation, but earlier efforts to apply it to the Karabut experiment resulted in inconsistencies. This motivated us to analyze fluctuations due to electron-phonon coupling in metals, which we find here to be a weak effect for Bloch picture phonon exchange, and a somewhat stronger effect with Born-Oppenheimer phonon exchange. As no new physics were found to substantially enhance fractionation, we returned to the basic theory, and carried out a systematic analysis of the three different degrees of freedom that result from simple product approximations for the wavefunction. We find that when there are more virtual phonons than real, a significant enhancement of the coupling strength occurs, corresponding to a new anomalous regime. Conditions on the coupling matrix element and relative state occupation are derived for the anomalous regime, which favors strongly-coupled low energy transitions which constitute a large fraction of all nuclei present. The fractionation power of a sample in the anomalous regime is very much constrained, which allows us to be able to make predictions with the new model. We find that the 30.77 keV transition in 93Nb is likely to be in the anomalous regime in a Nb cathode; that the threshold fractionation energy is too low for excitation of the 30.77 keV transition; but that the threshold fractionation energy is high enough to result in the excitation of the 1565 eV transition in 201Hg, and x-ray emission in the few keV regime consistent with Karabut's observations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=187 | ||||||
| 1588 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Letts, D. | 2014 | Temperature Dependence of Excess Power in Two-laser Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 165-176 Temperature Dependence of Excess Power in Two-laser Experiments | Active site blocking by helium, Letts 2-laser experiment, Temperature dependence of excess heat | Data published previously on the two-laser experiment shows that the excess heat depends on temperature, and is mostly zero in the absence of a magnetic field. A new experiment shows higher excess power at higher temperature. We augment our previous empirical model with temperature dependence. A picture for the temperature dependence is described in terms of the elimination of 4He which blocks active sites when the excess power is high. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=175 | ||||||
| 1589 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2014 | Molecular D2 Near Vacancies in PdD and Related Problems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 138-148 Molecular D2 Near Vacancies in PdD and Related Problems | Donor and receiver model, Excess heat production, Lossy spin?oson model, Theory | Excess heat is observed correlated with 4He in PdD excess heat experiments, consistent with proposed D2/4He reaction mechanisms. The electron density is too high in PdD for molecular D2 to form, so we consider the problem of D2 formation in a monovacancy, and related problems involving other metal deuterides and hydrides. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=148 | ||||||
| 1590 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Equation of State and Fugacity Models for H2 and for D2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | 23 Equation of State and Fugacity Models for H2 and for D2 | Equation of state, Fugacity, Gaseous H2 and D2, Nonideal gas, Quantum cellmodel | When Pd is in equilibrium with H2 or D2 in gas, the chemical potentials are equal, and this allows a determination of the chemical potential and other thermodynamic properties of palladium hydride and palladium deuteride. At high loading near room temperature, the gas pressure must be very high, and an ideal gas law no longer applies. In this case a knowledge of the fugacity is required to interpret and understand the results. We examine empirical models for the equation of state and fugacity of H2 which are relevant to the high pressure regime of interest, including an old model of Holley et al (1958), and the more modern models of Spycher and Reed (1988), Tkacz and Litwiniuk (2002), and Joubert (2010). At high pressure the more recent models are best, but the model of Tkacz and Litwiniuk diverges from the ideal gas equation of state at low pressure, which leads to an offset in the fugacity. We examine the difference between the equation of states for H2 and D2 in recent models, and find that the small difference at high pressure in the models of Tkacz and Litwiniuk agree best with experiment, while the larger difference in the models of Joubert (2010) and Joubert and Thiebaut (2011) is probably not reliable. We examine the possibility of developing a difference correction for the fugacity theoretically. It may be possible to account accurately for the zero-point contribution; however, accounting for the difference in inter-molecular potentials due to the different degrees of rotational excitation requires the development of new potential models. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=28 | ||||||
| 1591 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Deuterium Evolution Reaction Model and the Fleischmann?ons Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | 46 Deuterium Evolution Reaction Model and the Fleischmann?ons Experiment | Deuterium evolution reaction, D/Pd loading, Overpotential, Tafel reaction, Volmer reaction | The hydrogen evolution reaction model was proposed many years ago by the founders of modern electrochemistry. The closely related deuterium evolution reaction model describes deuterium loading in Pd cathodes in the Fleischmann?ons experiment. We were interested in what issues were involved in the development of a high D/Pd loading, since over the years the importance of obtaining a high D/Pd ratio to obtain excess heat has been emphasized. In order to simplify things, we focus on the Volmer and Tafel reactions, and develop a steady state adsorption isotherm for the Vomer-Tafel regime. The adsorption isotherm is extended to become an absorption isotherm within a simplified picture that takes the surface sites to be equivalent to the bulk sites. While not a particularly good approximation, this allows us to model the D/Pd loading simply as a function of the overpotential, and hence the electrochemical current density. From a Tafel curve we can get some of the parameters for the Volmer current model, and from other eletrochemical data we can estimate the remaining Volmer and Tafel parameters. The resulting model fits the experimental data used well at low current density. Cathodes that load more highly with this approach require new models, potentially one for each cathode. We examine our earlier proposal that the differences in loading seen in experiment is due in part to large variations in the rate for internal D2 leaks. Consequently, we modify the Tafel reaction current model to account for internal leaks separately from the surface gas loss, and take advantage of data from the most highly loaded cathodes to estimate the surface Tafel reaction rate. Using this approach, the reference cathode that we used for our fits initially must have an internal leak rate more than two orders of magnitude higher than the rate of surface D2 loss. We conclude that minimizing the internal leaks is important in achieving high loading. Probably a key reason that there were so many negative results early in the field was because the cathode internal leak rate was very high in the cathodes used. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=51 | ||||||
| 1592 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Empirical Models for Octahedral and Tetrahedral Occupation in PdH and in PdD at High Loading | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 35 Empirical Models for Octahedral and Tetrahedral Occupation in PdH and in PdD at High Loading | Empirical models, Resistance ratio, Solubility of PdH and PdD at high loading, Statistical mechanics model, Tetrahedral occupation | High D/Pd loading is known to be a requirement for producing excess heat in the Fleischmann?ons experiment, and much work has in recent years been focused on electrochemical protocols and cathode processing in order to achieve D/Pd loadings approaching unity routinely. However, we know very little about PdD at a loading near unity, and almost nothing about what happens when the loading exceeds unity. It may be that when the octahedral sites are fully occupied, additional interstitial deuterium atoms occupy tetrahedral sites, a proposal which at this point has little experimental support. It is nevertheless possible to construct an empirical model for this scenario, and to make use of available experimental data to fit the associated model parameters. We worked with empirical models for both PdD and PdH that assume an O-site energy quadratic in loading, and an O-site to T-site excitation which is either constant in loading, or else taken as an empirical function fit to estimates inferred from the analysis of experimental data. There are two empirical models, each with four or more free parameters; and insufficient experimental data from which to choose each parameter or function independently. We add supplementary constraints that presume the models for PdH and PdD must be very similar, which reduces the number of degrees of freedom within the models. This allows data from PdH to be used to construct a model for PdD, and vice versa. The models which result are interesting; they suggest these complicated systems might be understood based on a simple underlying picture; they indicate that there is more T-site occupation than has been appreciated previously in the literature; they indicate that the resistance ratio calibrations for PdH and PdD are inconsistent; and finally, measurements of the chemical potential at high loading have the potential to provide information about the O-site to T-site excitation energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=40 | ||||||
| 1593 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | O-site and T-site Occupation of alpha-phase PdHX and PdDX | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 67 O-site and T-site Occupation of alpha-phase PdHX and PdDX | Empirical model, Mean-field lattice gas model, Solubility, !-phase PdHx and PdDx , Tetrahedral occupation | An important study of the solubility of hydrogen in a-phase PdHX and deuterium in a-phase PdDX over a wide temperature range was published by Clewley et al. (J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1: Phy. Chem. Condensed Phases 69 (1973) 449?458). An analysis of the data based on an empirical solubility model based on O-site occupation allows for an understanding of the data at low temperature, but probably is not a good starting place for understanding the solubility at high temperature. We have applied a recently developed empirical model for both O-site and T-site occupation to this data set, and find good agreement between data and a basic version of the model which assumes that the O-site and T-site partition functions are taken to be harmonic oscillator partition functions. Even better agreement is obtained when a more realistic O-site partition function is used. A range of optimum models with different assumptions about the T-site partition function is considered, and it is found to be possible to select one that matches the T-site occupation at zero loading inferred from neutron diffraction measurements of Pitt and Gray (Europhys. Let. 64 (2003) 344). The O-site to T-site excitation energy is assumed independent of temperature in these models, and we obtain specific model values of 105.3 meV for a-phase PdDX and 106.5 meV for a-phase PdHX. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=72 | ||||||
| 1594 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2015 | Phonon models for anomalies in condensed matter nuclear science | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 507 Phonon models for anomalies in condensed matter nuclear science | |||||||||
| 1595 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Directional X-ray and gamma emission in experiments in condensed matter nuclear science | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 601 Directional X-ray and gamma emission in experiments in condensed matter nuclear science | |||||||||
| 1596 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2016 | Current Status of the Theory and Modeling Effort based on Fractionation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 98 Current Status of the Theory and Modeling Effort based on Fractionation | The theoretical problems associated with excess heat in the Fleischmann?ons experiment were once viewed as insurmountable; nevertheless, some progress has been made in the past quarter century. Conceptually the problem can be split into one area involving new physics which is needed to address the microscopic physics of the reaction process; and a second area involving known physics which allows one to connect with the different practical issues involved in the experiments and observations. We review the ideas and progress first in the area of new physical mechanisms, in which models that describe the down-conversion of the large nuclear quantum allowing for coherent energy exchange of the nuclear energy into vibrational energy. These ideas provide a connection between excess heat experiments with Pd and Ni, with D or a mixture of H and D; experiments where tritium or low-level nuclear emission is seen, and other experiments with collimated X-ray emission. In the area of conventional physics mechanisms, we are interested in the basic physics of PdH and PdD; modeling cathode loading and understanding why some cathodes loaded very poorly in the early days; understanding active sites which we attribute to monovacancies in PdD and NiH; figuring out how active sites are created; triggering excess heat; and removing the helium made in the new reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=106 | |||||||
| 1597 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2016 | Models for the Phase Diagram of Palladium Hydride Including O-site and T-site Occupation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 20 | 54 Models for the Phase Diagram of Palladium Hydride Including O-site and T-site Occupation | Mean field model, Palladium hydride, Phase diagram, Statistical mechanics, T-site occupation | Early statistical mechanics models for palladium hydride allowed for a good description of the phase diagram based on a simple parameterization of the O-site energy. In this work we study generalizations of these models to include higher-order dependence on loading, temperature-dependent O-site energies, and also to include T-site occupation. xperimental data sets for 10 isotherms were assembled, and augmented with additional extrapolated points for the low-pressure a-phase region as well as the high pressure ?-phase region. Loading-dependent O-site energies are optimized by minimizing the mean square error in the chemical potential between the model and data set. The resulting models give a good match to the phase diagram. If the O-site energy is allowed to be temperature dependent then the fit is better, but the resulting optimum is a mathematical optimum not so closely connected with the physical system. Models were studied in which O-site and T-site occupation occurs. When optimized these models are able to provide a good match to the phase diagram. When the O-site to T-site excitation energy is fixed according to estimates developed in earlier studies, the resulting temperature-dependent O-site energies are physically plausible. When the excitation energy are optimized together with the O-site energy, the resulting optimum is a mathematical one much less connected to the physical system. An earlier analysis of solubility in the a-phase led to a strong argument that T-site occupation occurs in palladium hydride and in palladium deuteriude; the present study supports this conclusion based on an independent data set. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseds.pdf#page=59 | ||||||
| 1598 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2016 | Quantum Composites: A Review, and New Results for Models for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 20 | 139 Quantum Composites: A Review, and New Results for Models for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Center of mass, Foldy?outhuysen transformation, Phonon-nuclear coupling, Quantum composite | A composite is made up of constituent particles; the center of mass dynamics is that of a single particle, and the composite can have many internal states and degrees of freedom. The notion of a quantum composite is foundational to atomic, molecular, nuclear and particle physics; in our view it is also foundational to condensed matter nuclear science. It comes as a surprise that there do not appear to be review papers that discuss quantum composites. Here we consider elementary particles models, which are used to model composites; the most widely used example is that of the Dirac phenomenology for protons and neutrons. Quantum composite models can be developed from many-particle models, in some cases simply by rewriting in terms of center of mass and relative operators, and in other cases through a reduction or transformation. We have proposed models for anomalies in condensed matter nuclear science which rely heavily on the notion of a relativistic quantum composite. In the nonrelativistic case there is a clean separation of center of mass and internal degrees of freedom, so that any coupling between them must occur through external field interactions. The relativistic composite has a sizeable coupling between the center of mass motion and internal degrees of freedom, which we have proposed is responsible for the anomalies in condensed matter nuclear science. We have developed a new model in which the center of mass dynamics is modeled as nonrelativistic, but the internal structure is kept relativistic; this kind of model is much better adapted to problems in condensed matter nuclear science. Our approach has been strongly criticized, since in a Poincar? invariant theory the center of mass motion separates from the internal degrees of freedom in free space. We are able to rotate out the strongest part of this coupling in free space, consistent with Poincar? invariance. However, in the lattice the problem is in general much more complicated, and more powerful tools are required to diagonalize this relativistic coupling. The spin-boson type of models that we have considered previously for this are the simplest idealized models that can be diagonalized; they describe rich dynamics not present in the free-space version of the problem. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseds.pdf#page=144 | ||||||
| 1599 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2017 | Probabilistic Models for Beam, Spot, and Line Emission for Collimated X-ray Emission in the Karabut Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | Probabilistic Models for Beam, Spot, and Line Emission for Collimated X-ray Emission in the Karabut Experiment | Beam formation, Collimated X-ray emission, Karabut experiment, Phase coherence, Up-conversion | Collimated X-ray emission near 1.5 keV in the Karabut experiment is an anomaly that cannot be explained by conventional solid state, atomic, or nuclear physics. In order for the X-rays to be collimated, there must either be an X-ray laser present, or else a phased-array collimation effect produced by emitting dipoles that radiate in phase. Although there have been arguments made in support of an X-ray laser origin of the effect, from our perspective this approach suffers from an absence of a plausible mechanism, short excited-state electronic lifetimes, high power requirements, and an incompatibility between the experimental geometry and the need for an elongated laser medium for beam formation. In this work we consider a model for beam formation due to many emitting dipoles randomly positioned within a circle on a mathematically flat surface. When the emitting dipole density is low, a speckle pattern is produced. Above a critical emitting dipole density beam formation occurs. The average intensity of the speckle and beam is estimated from simple statistical models at low and high dipole density, and combined to develop an empirical intensity estimate over the full range of dipole densities which compares well with numerical simulations. Beam formation occurs above a critical number of emitting dipoles, which allows us to develop an estimate for the minimum number of emitting dipoles present in the Karabut experiment. The effect of surface deformations is considered; constant offsets do not impact beam formation, and locally linear offsets direct the beam slightly off of normal. Minor displacements quadratic in the surface coordinates can produce focusing and defocusing effects, leading to a natural explanation for intense spot and line formation observed in the experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedu.pdf#page=58 | ||||||
| 1600 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2017 | Statistical Mechanics Models for PdHx and PdDx | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Statistical Mechanics Models for PdHx and PdDx | Mean field model, Palladium hydride, Phase diagram, Solubility, Tetrahedral occupation | In recent years we have developed simple empirical mean-field statistical mechanics models for PdHx and PdDx that include both O-site and T-site occupation. A brief account of this work is given here. At low loading it is impossible to fit solubility data over a wide range of temperature assuming only O-site occupation; however, with T-site occupation a good fit is obtained and an O-site to T-site excitation energy near 105 meV is found. Results from neutron diffraction studies at modest loading, and resistance and solubility measurements at high pressure and high loading, are used to infer O-site to T-site excitation energies and develop a smooth fit. The resulting statistical mechanics models have been optimized to provide systematic results at high loading for PdH and PdD, and also to fit the isotherms of the phase diagram of PdH. Estimates for the O-site energy as a function of loading and temperature have been developed in the latter case. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=99 | ||||||
| 1601 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L., Chaudhary, I. | 2017 | Coupling between the Center of Mass and Relative Degrees of Freedom in a Relativistic Quantum Composite and Applications | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Coupling between the Center of Mass and Relative Degrees of Freedom in a Relativistic Quantum Composite and Applications | Down-conversion, Excitation transfer, Mossbauer effect, Phonon-Nuclear coupling, Theory | If we consider the nucleus as a relativistic composite, then we are able to derive from a many-particle Dirac model a coupling between the center of mass motion and internal nuclear degrees of freedom. This interaction can be rotated out in free space, but has the potential to give rise to new physics when two or more nuclei exchange phonons with a common vibrational mode. The simplest example of such a system is a homonuclear diatomic molecule in a frozen matrix, for which we are able to develop an expression for the second-order phonon-nuclear interaction that can result in a splitting of the nuclear energy levels as a result of excitation transfer between the nuclei. The phonon-nuclear coupling is an E1 interaction, so the low energy 6.237 keV E1 transition in 181Ta is special; this motivates an interest in molecular 181Ta2 as a candidate for a M?sbauer experiment where the splitting might be observable. We also consider excitation transfer in the case of a macroscopic a Ta plate. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=126 | ||||||
| 1602 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2018 | Phonon-mediated Nuclear Excitation Transfer | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Phonon-mediated Nuclear Excitation Transfer | Excitation transfer, M1 transitions, Off-resonance states, Phonon-nuclear coupling, Theory | Excitation transfer has long been of interest in biophysics, where electronic excitation is transferred from one location to another mediated by photon exchange. We are interested in the transfer of nuclear excitation mediated by phonon exchange, which according to our theoretical approach lies at the foundation of many anomalies in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science. The transfer of excitation from one site to another involves coupling to off-resonant intermediate states with either no excitation or double excitation; as such it is a quantum mechanical effect with no classical counterpart. The indirect coupling interaction can be determined from second-order perturbation theory for an electric dipole (E1) interaction, and the resulting interaction is weak due to destructive interference. We present results for resonant phonon-mediated excitation transfer based on the relativistic phonon-nuclear boost interaction identified recently. The analysis is extended to the more complicated case of magnetic dipole (M1) interactions, where fourth-order perturbation theory is needed for the interaction. We find severe destructive interference effects very much weaken the indirect interaction in both cases. Some improvement is possible due to loss; however, the improvement seems insufficient to account for the effects seen in excitation transfer experiments in our lab. To address this issue, we propose here that shifts in the off-resonant basis state energies could lead to much larger indirect interactions. The evaluation of shifts in the basis state energies is a major project, which requires the specification of the nucleon-nucleon interaction off of resonance, and the evaluation of off-resonant binding energies; these are projects to be addressed in the future. The transverse Breit interaction is given off of resonance. The resulting indirect interaction for excitation transfer is consistent with a delocalized transfer effect, and also with cooperative (Dicke) enhancements; we expect shifts in the basis state energies to lead to new models for up-conversion and downconversion as well. Possible connections between the model and recent experimental results from excitation transfer experiments involving a 57 Co source on steel are discussed. We also consider incoherent excitation transfer, where the large excitation associated with the D2/4 He transition is transferred to highly excited unstable states in the nuclei of the host lattice. While the mechanism was proposed many years ago to account for low-level emission of energetic alphas, there has subsequently been no clarification of mechanism associated with these experiments, which provides motivation for us to consider the possibility of confirming or rejecting the mechanism through a systematic study where the ejected particle energy is determined as a function of the nuclear mass of host lattice nuclei. The argument is extended to excitation transfer from the HD/3 He transition, where few MeV alpha emission may be a candidate explanation for the observations of Storms and Scanlan, and where proton emission from 6Li may be a candidate explanation for the 0.79MeV proton signal reported by Lipinski and Lipinski. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=103 | ||||||
| 1603 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2019 | Calculation of the Boosted Spin-Orbit Contribution to the Phonon?uclear Coupling Matrix Element for 181Ta | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Calculation of the Boosted Spin-Orbit Contribution to the Phonon?uclear Coupling Matrix Element for 181Ta | Deformed nucleus, E1 radiative decay rate, Phonon-Nuclear coupling, Phonon-Nuclear matrix element, 181Ta | Modern deformed shell model single?roton wave functions are used to evaluate the boosted spin's orbit contribution to the phonon? nuclear interaction for the 6.237 keV transition in 181Ta. This is the lowest energy E1 transition from the ground state among the stable nuclei, and is important in connection with proposed excitation transfer and up-conversion experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=401 | ||||||
| 1604 | Journal Article | Hagelstein, P. L. | 2019 | Statistical Mechanics Models for PdDX and PdHX Phase Diagrams with both O-site and T-site Occupation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Statistical Mechanics Models for PdDX and PdHX Phase Diagrams with both O-site and T-site Occupation | PdD phase diagram, PdH phase diagram, mean-field statistical mechanics model, O-site and T-site occupation of H in Pd, empirical alpha-phase model for PdDX | The phase diagram of PdHX was first understood with the development of statistical mechanics models in the 1930s, where hydrogen atoms were modeled as occupying octahedral sites with an O-site energy that depended on the loading. In an earlier study we made use of a generalization of this kind of model to include both O-site and T-site occupation to model loading in the alpha phase, loading in the beta phase, and to develop a mean field model for the phase diagram of PdHX. Here we extend the modeling to develop a model phase diagram for PdDX. Since the PdDX phase diagram is less studied that the PdHx phase diagram, the selection of isotherms is an issue, and we encountered minor technical issues in the digitization of published isotherm data. It was possible to develop good extrapolations to low loading (required for our phase diagram optimization), but we found that a reliable extrapolation of isotherms at high temperature to high loading was not possible. Consequently, after some exploration we found that 'reasonable' global phase diagram models could be obtained with the introduction of a ?uiding? point, where we introduce an estimate for a single pressure at high temperature and high loading to constrain the O-site energies and resulting phase diagram. This underscores the need for experimental measurements in this regime in order to understand the phase diagram. We were successful in optimizing a mean field phase diagram model for PdDX using this approach. We made use of the isotherms from our earlier modeling for PdHX to develop a new phase diagram model for PdHX making use of the same basic approach. The resulting O-site energy curves are qualitatively similar, with a somewhat deeper binding for H at high loading (attributed to the increased lattice expansion), and larger spread in O-site energies as a function of temperature (attributed to the reduced number of configurations accessible at low energy due to the larger excitation energy of the lower mass hydrogen atom). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=410 | ||||||
| 1605 | Journal Article | Hagi, H. | 1990 | Diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in palladium films prepared by RF sputtering | Materials Transactions JIM, Vol = 31, Num = 11, Page = 954 | Diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in palladium films prepared by RF sputtering | diffusion, Pd, H2 | ||||||||
| 1606 | Journal Article | Hajdas, W., Kistryn, S., Lang, J., Sromicki, J., Jenny, B., Wachter, P. | 1989 | Search for cold fusion events | Solid State Commun., Vol = 72 | Search for cold fusion events | D2O, Pd neutron, gamma emission LaNi5 | ||||||||
| 1607 | Journal Article | Hale, G. M., Smith, R. D., Talley, T. L. | 1990 | Nuclear reactions and screened-Coulomb fusion rates | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Nuclear reactions and screened-Coulomb fusion rates | Theory | ||||||||
| 1608 | Conference Proceedings | Hale, G. M., Talley, T. L. | 1993 | Deuteron-Induced Fusion in Various Environments | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 13 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Deuteron-Induced Fusion in Various Environments | theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1609 | Journal Article | Halley, J. W., Valles, J. L. | 1990 | Estimate of nuclear fusion rates arising from a molecular-dynamics model of palladium deuteride | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 9, Page = 6072 | Estimate of nuclear fusion rates arising from a molecular-dynamics model of palladium deuteride | Theory, coherency, tunelling | ||||||||
| 1610 | Journal Article | Hama, H. | 2017 | Welcome Address, ICCF20 Conference | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Welcome Address, ICCF20 Conference | Welcome Address, ICCF20 Conference | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=12 | |||||||
| 1611 | Magazine Article | Hambling, D. | 2012 | Cold fusion: smoke and mirrors, or raising a head of steam? | wired.co.uk | Cold fusion: smoke and mirrors, or raising a head of steam? | |||||||||
| 1612 | Conference Proceedings | Hamm, S., Dmitriyeva, O., Knies, D., Cantwell, R., McConnell, M. | 2015 | Electrochemical Analysis of Palladium Cathodes towards the Advancement of Reproducibly High H/Pd Loading Ratios (PowerPoint slides) | ICCF19 conference | Electrochemical Analysis of Palladium Cathodes towards the Advancement of Reproducibly High H/Pd Loading Ratios (PowerPoint slides) | Motivation: 1. A strong correlation has been found between surface impurities and H/Pd (D/Pd) loading. Impurities that promote increased loadings are referred to as 'promoter' impurities. 2. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of these impurities since it is believed there is a higher probability of observing the Fleischmann-Pons Effect when D/Pd>0.9. 3. It is also important to determine how pure Pd in a pure electrolyte theoretically behaves, and whether it would be possible to achieve high loading in such a configuration. Experimental Approach: We are studying the electrochemical properties of surface impurities and how they affect loading/de-loading behavior using impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronopotentiometry (CP). Unless otherwise noted, experiments were performed in 0.1 M LiOH in H2O. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HammSelectroche.pdf | |||||||
| 1613 | Conference Proceedings | Hanawa, T | 2000 | X-ray Spectroscropic Analysis of Carbon Arc Products in Water | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 147 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | X-ray Spectroscropic Analysis of Carbon Arc Products in Water | carbon arc, water plasma, transmutation, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1614 | Journal Article | Hanawa, K. | 2017 | Welcome Address, ICCF20 Conference | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Welcome Address, ICCF20 Conference | Welcome Address, ICCF20 Conference | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=11 | |||||||
| 1615 | Conference Proceedings | Handel, P. | 1990 | Influence of Surface Tension, Nucleation Centers, and Electron Effective Mass on the Achievable Level of Electrolytic Deuterium Loading | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 782 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Influence of Surface Tension, Nucleation Centers, and Electron Effective Mass on the Achievable Level of Electrolytic Deuterium Loading | Pd, loading, reaction, bubbles | ||||
| 1616 | Conference Proceedings | Handel, P. | 1990 | Reformulation of the Cold Fusion Problem: Heterogeneous Nucleation - A Likely Cause of the Irreproducibility and Intermittency of Cold Fusion Observations | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 288 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Reformulation of the Cold Fusion Problem: Heterogeneous Nucleation - A Likely Cause of the Irreproducibility and Intermittency of Cold Fusion Observations | surface, theory, ICCF-1 | The Irreproducibility and intermittency of the observed cold nuclear fusion effects is linked to the known difficulties affecting the observation of homogeneous nucleation of D2 bubbles on the surface of the cathode in the electrolysis of D2O. In general some nucleation centers are present, allowing for heterogeneous nucleation of D2 bubbles at the Pd, Ti or Zr cathode, long before the chemical potential of D in the cathode reaches the levels necessary for cold fusion. By carefully eliminating the impurities and surface defects which can act as nucleation centers, one can create homogeneous nucleation conditions which correspond to higher values of the cathodic D chemical potential, provided the cathode is completely covered by the electrolyte, or extremely large currents are applied to the cell. A decrease of the surface tension due to tensioactive impurities in the electrolyte must also be avoided. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=307 | ||
| 1617 | Journal Article | Handel, P. | 1990 | Intermittency, irreproducibility, and the main physical effects in cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Intermittency, irreproducibility, and the main physical effects in cold fusion | theory, gas bubble | ||||||||
| 1618 | Conference Proceedings | Handel, P. | 1993 | Subtraction of a New Thermo-Electromechanical Effect from the Excess Heat, and the Emerging Avenues to Cold Fusion | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 7 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Subtraction of a New Thermo-Electromechanical Effect from the Excess Heat, and the Emerging Avenues to Cold Fusion | theory, Peltier, critique, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1619 | Journal Article | Handel, P. | 1994 | Thermoelectric excess heat effect in electrolytic cells | Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, Vol = 95 | Thermoelectric excess heat effect in electrolytic cells | Theory, Peltier, critique | ||||||||
| 1620 | Journal Article | Hanksworth, M. R., Farr, J. P. G. | 1981 | Cold Neutron Radiography of Hydrogenated Palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 119 | Cold Neutron Radiography of Hydrogenated Palladium | autoradiography, Pd, H2, diffusion, structure | ||||||||
| 1621 | Conference Proceedings | Hansen, W. N. | 1991 | Report to the Utah State Fusion/Energy Council on the Analysis of Selected Pons Fleischmann Calorimetric Data | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 491 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Report to the Utah State Fusion/Energy Council on the Analysis of Selected Pons Fleischmann Calorimetric Data | heat, critique, Pd, D2O, Pons, Fleischmann, ICCF-2 | Here is reported my analysis of a series of electrochemical experiments run by Pons and Fleischmann, P/F. This series produced some remarkable results which were revealed only through a careful analysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HansenWNreporttoth.pdf | ||
| 1622 | Conference Proceedings | Hansen, W. N., Melich, M. E. | 1993 | Pd/D Calorimetry- The Key to the F/P Effect and a Challenge to Science | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 11 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Pd/D Calorimetry- The Key to the F/P Effect and a Challenge to Science | critique, analysis, heat, Pons, Fleischmann, ICCF-4 | The main issue before this conference can be stated as a simple question: Question #1: Can large amounts of heat be generated at a significant rate by Pd/D interaction as announced by Fleischmann and Pons? By now there have been many experimental results claiming to answer 'yes' and which force us to take that possibility very seriously. As used here the 'large amounts' are much larger than can possibly be explained by chemistry or metallurgy as known today. Up to now the only practical way of answering this question is by Pd/D calorimetry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HansenWNpddcalorim.pdf | |||
| 1623 | Journal Article | Hansen, W. N., Melich, M. E. | 1994 | Pd/D Calorimetry- The Key to the F/P Effect and a Challenge to Science | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 355 | Pd/D Calorimetry- The Key to the F/P Effect and a Challenge to Science | critique, analysis, heat, Pons, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 1624 | Journal Article | Hansen, L. D., Jones, S. E., Thorne, J. M., Shelton, D. S., Taylor, S. F., Storms, E. | 1995 | COOPERATIVE INVESTIGATION OF ANOMALOUS EFFECTS IN Pd/LiOD ELECTROLYTIC CELLS | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 355 | COOPERATIVE INVESTIGATION OF ANOMALOUS EFFECTS IN Pd/LiOD ELECTROLYTIC CELLS | proposal, DOE, reproducibility | ||||||||
| 1625 | Journal Article | Hansen, L. D., Jones, S. E., Shelton, D. S. | 1998 | A response to hydrogen + oxygen recombination and related heat generation in undivided electrolysis cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 447 | A response to hydrogen + oxygen recombination and related heat generation in undivided electrolysis cells | critique, recombination, Will | ||||||||
| 1626 | Conference Proceedings | Hansen, W. N., Hansen, G., Glenn, D. | 2003 | Analysis of Some Electrochemical Calorimetry Data | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Analysis of Some Electrochemical Calorimetry Data | calorimetry heat | To demonstrate our techniques for analyzing the calorimetric data of an electrochemical cell, we use three sets of data taken at the NEH laboratory in Sapporo, Japan, copies of which were kindly given to us by Dr. Melvin Miles who was personally involved in their taking. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HansenWNanalysisof.pdf | |||
| 1627 | Journal Article | Hanson, A. O., McKibben, J. L. | 1947 | A Neutron Detector Having Uniform Sensitivity from 10 Kev to 3 MeV | Phys. Rev., Vol = 72, Num = 8, Page = 673 | A Neutron Detector Having Uniform Sensitivity from 10 Kev to 3 MeV | neutron, method, apparatus | ||||||||
| 1628 | Journal Article | Harb, J. N., Pitt, W. G., Tolley, H. D. | 1990 | Statistical analysis of neutron burst size and rate during electrolysis of LiOD solutions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Statistical analysis of neutron burst size and rate during electrolysis of LiOD solutions | electrolysis, Pd, statistics, neutron, D2O, heat | ||||||||
| 1629 | Journal Article | Hargitai, C. | 1989 | Considerations on cold nuclear fusion in palladium | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 137, Num = 1, Page = 17 | Considerations on cold nuclear fusion in palladium | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1630 | Journal Article | Hargrave, C. | 1992 | Cold Fusion: A Glimpse into the Future | Share International, Vol = 11 | Cold Fusion: A Glimpse into the Future | history | ||||||||
| 1631 | Journal Article | Harith, M. A., Palleschi, V., Salvetti, A., Salvetti, G., Singh, D. P., Vaselli, M. | 1990 | Theoretical and experimental studies on the cold nuclear fusion phenomena' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Theoretical and experimental studies on the cold nuclear fusion phenomena' | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1632 | Journal Article | Hasegawa, H., Nakajima, K. | 1979 | Effect of Hydrogen on the Mechanical Properties of Pd | J. Phys. F, Vol = 9, Num = 6, Page = 1035 | Effect of Hydrogen on the Mechanical Properties of Pd | Pd, H, diffusion, strength | ||||||||
| 1633 | Conference Proceedings | Hasegawa, N., Kunimatsu, K., Ohi, T., Terasawa, T. | 1992 | Observation of Excess Heat during Electrolysis of 1 M LiOD in a Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 377 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Observation of Excess Heat during Electrolysis of 1 M LiOD in a Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell | Pd, D2O, heat+, Current Density, loading, overvoltage, OCV, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Measurement of the excess heat generation during electrolysis of 1 M LiOD has been conducted in a closed cell pressurerized by deuterium gas in which a fuel cell type gas diffusion electrode was employed as an anode, and a platinized platinum electrode served as the RHE for determination of hydrogen overvoltage at the palladium cathode. This has allowed us simultaneous determination of both excess heat generation and deuterium loading ratio, D/Pd, in the course of long term electrolysis which lasted for nearly two months. Dependence of excess heat generation on D/Pd has been observed up to D/Pd = 0.88 with the maximum outpuVinput ratio of 1 .35. The minimum O/Pd to produce the excess heat has been found around 0.83-0.84. Dependence of O/Pd on the overvoltage and the dependence of the excess heat generation on the O/Pd suggest that the dependence of the excess heat generation on the current density reported originally by Fleischmann and Pons and later by Storms can be interpreted in terms of the dependence of the loading ratio on the electrolysis current density. In other words, higher current density is necessary to maintain the high loading ratio. Heat onset starts at D/Pd=0.83-0.84. The calorimeter is closed and sealed. Temperature was measured by a thermocouple inserted into the cathode. Measurements were made with the bath at 10 deg C or 30 deg C. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=117 | ||
| 1634 | Conference Proceedings | Hasegawa, N., Hayakawa, N., Tsuchida, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Kunimatsu, K. | 1993 | Observation of Excess Heat during Electrolysis of 1 M LiOD in a Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 3-1 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Observation of Excess Heat during Electrolysis of 1 M LiOD in a Fuel Cell Type Closed Cell | Pd, D2O, heat+, Current Density, loading, overvoltage, OCV, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | Measurements of electrolytic deuterium loading into Pd and Pd-Rh alloy cathodes and excess heat during electrolysis in 1M LiOD have been conducted simultaneously in closed cells with a fuel cell anode pressurized by deuterium gas. The excess heat up to 4-5W/Pd cc has been reproduced by using Pd rod cathodes from various sources. Excess heat increases with electrolysis current density higher than ca. 0.1-0.2 A/cm^2, cathode overvoltage and D/Pd higher than 0.80-0.84, but its dependence on D/Pd or D/M appears to be specific to each cathode material in the region of high cathode loading, where the current density or overvoltage appears to be a more important parameter to control the amount of excess heat than the cathode loading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HasegawaNobservatioa.pdf | |||
| 1635 | Conference Proceedings | Hasegawa, N., Sumi, M., Takahashi, M., Senjuh, T., Asami, N., Sakai, T., Shigemitsu, T. | 1995 | Electrolytic Deuterium Absorption by Pd Cathode and a Consideration for High D/Pd Ratio | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 449 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Electrolytic Deuterium Absorption by Pd Cathode and a Consideration for High D/Pd Ratio | single crystal, loading, Pd, heat+, surface, pressure, deloading, ICCF-5, electrolysis | Using several kinds of Pd electrodes, electrolysis were performed in 'Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell'. Initial deuterium absorption (DIP d) at the first period o f electrolysis of 50 mNcm' current density. Maximum DlPd during electrolysis and deuterium desorption were measured. Single crystal Pd electrode reached the highest initial deuterium absorption, DlPd=0.89, and the highest M aximum DlPd, 0.89, during electrolysis. Except single crystal one of high purity, more than 99 .99%, Pd electrodes annealed at 850? reached the highest DlPd, 0.87. And this electrodes showed excess heat of 13 % of input power. The results of metallographical examinations of Pd electrodes after electrolysis suggest that the electrodes of high purity, annealed at 850? , and machined & etched to remove surface defects will be preferable to reach higher DlPd. Various samples of Pd loaded and excess heat sought. Two samples showed a positive effect. Max comp. was 0.87 based on pressure change. Desorption measured. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=254 | ||
| 1636 | Journal Article | Hassam, A B., Dharamsi, A. N. | 1989 | Deuterium molecule in the presence of electronic charge concentrations: implications for cold fusion | Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 11, Page = 6689 | Deuterium molecule in the presence of electronic charge concentrations: implications for cold fusion | Theory, Born-Oppenheimer | ||||||||
| 1637 | Journal Article | Hatt, P. | 2018 | Cold Nuclear Transmutations. Distribution of Binding Energy within Nuclei | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | Cold Nuclear Transmutations. Distribution of Binding Energy within Nuclei | Alpha particle, Deuterium, Dineutron, He3, Tritium | In 1936 Bethe and Bacher and in 1938 Hafstad and Teller predicted that a particle structures could be present in atomic nuclei. In the course of developing a theory of nuclear structure based on the assumption of closest packing of clusters of nucleons, Linus Pauling found that the magic numbers have a very simple structural significance. He assumed that in nuclei the nucleons may, as a first approximation, be described as occupying localized 1s orbitals to form small clusters. These small clusters, called spherons, are usually helions (i.e. a particles), tritons and dineutrons. In nuclei containing an odd number of neutrons, an He3 cluster or a deuteron may serve as a spheron. The close-packed-spheron model differs from the conventional liquid-drop model of the nucleus in having spherons rather than nucleons as the units. . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=50 | ||||||
| 1638 | Journal Article | Hatt, P. | 2019 | Atomic Nuclei Binding Energy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Atomic Nuclei Binding Energy | Alpha particle, Deuterium, Dineutron, 3He, Tritium | In 1936 Bethe and Bacher and in 1938 Hafstad and Teller predicted that a-particle structures could be present in atomic nuclei. In the course of developing a theory of nuclear structure based on the assumption of closest packing of clusters of nucleons, Linus Pauling found that the magic numbers have a very simple structural significance. He assumed that in nuclei the nucleons may, as a first approximation, be described as occupying localized 1s orbitals to form small clusters. These small clusters, called spherons, are usually helions (i.e. a-particles), tritons and dineutrons. In nuclei containing an odd number of neutrons, an 3He cluster or a deuteron may serve as a spheron. The close-packed-spheron model differs from the conventional liquid-drop model of the nucleus in having spherons rather than nucleons as the units.` | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=269 | ||||||
| 1639 | Journal Article | Hatt, P. | 2020 | Atomic Nuclei Binding Energy: Case of 26Fe Isotopes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | Atomic Nuclei Binding Energy: Case of 26Fe Isotopes | Alpha particle, Deuterium (NP), Dineutron (NN), 3He (NPP), Tritium (NNP) | In 1936 Bethe and Bacher and in 1938 Hafstad and Teller predicted that aparticle structures could be present in atomic nuclei. In the course of developing a theory of nuclear structure based on the assumption that clusters of nucleons are packed as closely together as possible, Linus Pauling found that the magic numbers have a very simple structural significance. He assumed that in nuclei the nucleons may, as a first approximation, be described as occupying localized 1s orbitals to form small clusters. These small clusters, called spherons, are usually helions (i.e. a particles), tritons and dineutrons. In nuclei containing an odd number of neutrons, a 3He cluster or a deuteron may serve as a spheron. The close-packed-spheron model differs from the conventional liquid-drop model of the nucleus in having spherons rather than nucleons as the units. This is a simplification: 154Gd, for example, is described in terms of 45 spherons, rather than 154 nucleons. This enables one to determine the systematic of binding energy in a much simpler way than the approach based on individual nucleons. The author developed that idea, i.e. having clusters as basic bricks within the nucleus instead of nucleons. He considered the binding energy of a particle, deuterium, tritium, 3He, and the way these spherons are bonded instead of the bonding between individual nucleons. According to that hypothesis the nuclei of the various isotopes of each element are constituted out of a particles and other nucleons grouped in order to form sub-nuclei bound together by four types of bonds called NN, NP, NNP and NPP. So, the author favored an approach trying to breakdown the binding energy value of each element isotope in the sub-values indicated above. That binding energy distribution approach in the nuclei is essential to the comprehension of LENR process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=118 | ||||||
| 1640 | Journal Article | Haug, A., Hoegaasen, H. | 1996 | Sonoluminescence in heavy water | Phys. Scr., Vol = 54 | Sonoluminescence in heavy water | sonoluminescence, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 1641 | Conference Proceedings | Hawkins, N., Xi, S. Sh., Qi, X. Zh., Li, X. D., Wang, L., Zu, Q. X. | 1990 | Investigations of Mechanisms and Occurrence of Meteorologically Triggered Cold Fusion at The Chinese Academy of Sciences | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 177 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Investigations of Mechanisms and Occurrence of Meteorologically Triggered Cold Fusion at The Chinese Academy of Sciences | electron Strings weather, Pd, D2O, Abrikosov vortices | ||||
| 1642 | Journal Article | Hawkins, N. | 1991 | Possible natural cold fusion in the atmosphere | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Possible natural cold fusion in the atmosphere | atmosphere, Ball Lighting | ||||||||
| 1643 | Journal Article | Hayden, M. E., Naerger, U., Booth, J. L., Whitehead, L. A., Hardy, W. N., Carolan, J. F., Wishnow, E. H., Balzarini, D. A., Brewer, J. H., Blake, C. C. | 1990 | High precision calorimetric search for evidence of cold fusion using in situ catalytic recombination of evolved gases | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 161 | High precision calorimetric search for evidence of cold fusion using in situ catalytic recombination of evolved gases | electrolysis, Pd, heat-, D2O | ||||||||
| 1644 | Conference Proceedings | He, J., Zhang, Y., Ren, G., Zhu, G., Dong, X., Chen, D., Han, H., Wang, L., Jin, S. | 1993 | A Study on Anomalous Nuclear Fusion Reaction by Using a HV Pulse Discharge | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 9 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | A Study on Anomalous Nuclear Fusion Reaction by Using a HV Pulse Discharge | Pd, D2, gas discharge, particle emission, gamma emission ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1645 | Journal Article | He, J., Zhang, Y., Ren, G., Zhu, G., Qian, Z., Dong, X., Dai, C., Hu, S., Wang, L., Yi, S. | 1993 | Study of anomalous nuclear fusion reaction by using HV pulse discharge | Chin. Phys. Lett., Vol = 10, Num = 11, Page = 652 | Study of anomalous nuclear fusion reaction by using HV pulse discharge | gas discharge, neutron, gamma emission Pd, ion bombardment D2 | ||||||||
| 1646 | Journal Article | He, J. | 2007 | Nuclear fusion inside condense matters | Front. Phys. China, Vol = 1 | Nuclear fusion inside condense matters | review Table 1 is an estimate of the total number of positive experiments. The authors think the effect has been replicated 14,720 times. | ||||||||
| 1647 | Journal Article | Heming, G. | 2001 | Cold Fusion In search of Infinite Energy | MURJ, Vol = 4 | Cold Fusion In search of Infinite Energy | review | ||||||||
| 1648 | Journal Article | Hemmes, H., Geerken, B. M., Griessen, R. | 1984 | Contribution of optical phonons to the thermal expansion of PdHx and a'-PdDx | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 14 | Contribution of optical phonons to the thermal expansion of PdHx and a'-PdDx | thermal expansion, PdD, PdH | ||||||||
| 1649 | Book | Hemminger, W., Hohne, G. | 1984 | Calorimetry Fundamentals and Practice | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 14 | Verlag Chemie | Calorimetry Fundamentals and Practice | ||||||||
| 1650 | Journal Article | Henderson, R. A., Czerwinski, K. R., Hall, H. L., Lesko, K. T., Norman, E. B., Sur, B., Hoffman, D. C. | 1990 | More searches for cold fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | More searches for cold fusion | electrolysis Pd neutron, gamma emission, radioactivity Titanium, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 1651 | Journal Article | Henis, Z., Eliezer, S., Zigler, A. | 1989 | Cold nuclear fusion rates in condensed matter: a phenomenological analysis | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., Vol = 15 | Cold nuclear fusion rates in condensed matter: a phenomenological analysis | Theory | ||||||||
| 1652 | Journal Article | Henry-Couannier, F. | 2016 | From Dark Gravity to LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 18 | 1 From Dark Gravity to LENR | Anti-gravity, Field discontinuities, Janus field, LENR, Negative energies, Time reversal | Dark Gravity (DG) theories are extensions of General Relativity having a stable anti-gravitational sector. From the beginning, the motivation for such an extended framework was not only phenomenological, trying to address several well-known enigmatic cosmological discoveries in an alternative way: missing mass effects, universe acceleration, ... but also theoretical, and the main achievement is that indeed, it is possible to avoid most if not all generic instability issues which are well known to prevent the introduction of negative masses in General Relativity. Moreover it was also shown that such constructions are not arbitrary but can be entirely derived following the alternative mathematical choice for understanding the Time Reversal Symmetry, that of a Unitary T operator in QFT, needing a complete rehabilitation of negative energies in theoretical physics. All versions of DG theories studied so far unsurprisingly share many phenomenological outcomes, but here we shall focus on one which, for the first time, very naturally leads us to investigate the likely existence of genuine field discontinuities. The resulting phenomenology started to be explored. The first part of the article is a reminder of the main steps that led us to Dark Gravity. The second part focuses on discontinuities to show that these are all we need to explain in an unifying and very simple way many if not all of the well known so called ?ENR miracles?: Large eXcess Power (XP) not possibly of chemical origin with extremely low levels of nuclear radiations (alpha, beta, gamma, neutrons) as compared to what would be expected from nuclear processes producing the same amount of energy, Transmutations and isotopic anomalies in cold conditions, Incredible properties such as huge inertia anomalies and temperature discontinuities of a new category of objects produced in association with LENR and behaving as extremely magnetic micro ball lightnings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedq.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 1653 | Journal Article | Henry-Couannier, F. | 2016 | The Dark side of Gravity and LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | The Dark side of Gravity and LENR | Anti-gravity, Field discontinuities, Janus field, LENR, Negative energies, Time reversal | A previous article paved the way from a dark gravity theory (DG) toward LENR. This article is intended to go beyond the conceptual foundations (which will only be briefly summarized), and to provide a more technical detailed road map. An important revision of the theory was also made necessary by the recent direct detection of gravitational waves by Ligo. Finally, justifications will be given for adopting a slightly modified view of the process that triggers the formation of micro lightning balls, those enigmatic objects being produced in association with (and arguably responsible for) LENR, as we have recently identified the key role being played by a local increase of the density of electrons by various methods including a high luminosity beam (pulse) of electrons on a target. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=64 | ||||||
| 1654 | Journal Article | Herbst, H. | 1926 | Ist der Aufbau des Heliums aus Wasserstoff gelungen? (Was the production of helium from hydrogen succesful?) | Chemiker-Zeitung, Vol = 50 | Ist der Aufbau des Heliums aus Wasserstoff gelungen? (Was the production of helium from hydrogen succesful?) | helium critique, history | ||||||||
| 1655 | Journal Article | Herrero, C., Manchester, F. D. | 1981 | Location of the Low Temperature Resistivity Anomaly in Pd-D | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 86 | Location of the Low Temperature Resistivity Anomaly in Pd-D | PdD, resistivity | ||||||||
| 1656 | Journal Article | Herrmann, G. | 1990 | Five Decades Ago: From the 'Transuranics' to Nuclear Fission | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., Vol = 29 | Five Decades Ago: From the 'Transuranics' to Nuclear Fission | review, history | ||||||||
| 1657 | Magazine Article | Herzog, R. F. | 1990 | Fusion in a Solid: A Pump Primer | Phys. Today | Fusion in a Solid: A Pump Primer | application, fusion, Ti, D2, Pump, neutron | ||||||||
| 1658 | Journal Article | Hietschold, M. | 1989 | Electric field control for cold nuclear fusion? - a suggestion | Wiss. Z. TU Karl-Marx-Stadt, Vol = 31 | Electric field control for cold nuclear fusion? - a suggestion | theory, layer, ion trapping | ||||||||
| 1659 | Conference Proceedings | Higashiyama, Y., Sakano, M., Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A. | 2003 | Replication of MHI transmutation experiment by D2 gas permeation through Pd complex | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Replication of MHI transmutation experiment by D2 gas permeation through Pd complex | transmutation | Unusual nuclear transmutation reactions have been reported by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI). In their experiment, D2 gas permeates through a Pd complexes, which consists of a thin Pd layer, alternating CaO and Pd layers and bulk Pd. When they used sample Pd complexes with additional Cs on the surface, Pr emerged on the surface while Cs decreased after the sample was subjected to D2 gas permeation at 343 K and 1 atm for about one week. The elemental analysis was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This phenomenon was reproduced qualitatively in the present replication experiment. We performed D-permeation experiments similar to the MHI's experiment three times, and we confirmed the production of Pr. Pd complex samples were provided to us by MHI. The surface was electrolytically cleaned to remove hydrocarbons before depositing Cs. D2 gas was permeated through the Pd complexes at 343 K and 1 atm for about 5 days. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was performed to analyze the existence of the elements (Cs and Pr) and the mass distribution. The results showed the existence of Pr. And we also confirmed the existence of Pr by using fast Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) in Fusion Neutronics Source (FNS) of Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). As a result, we confirmed that the nuclear transmutation reaction, from 133Cs to 141Pr, was occurred. This transmutation suggests that the mass numbers and atomic numbers increase 8 and 4, respectively. The model of multi-body resonance fusion of deuterons proposed by A. Takahashi2 can explain this mass-8-and-charge-4 increased transmutation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Higashiyamreplicatio.pdf | |||
| 1660 | Conference Proceedings | Higgins, R., Letts, D. | 2018 | Modeling & Simulation of a Gas Discharge LENR Prototype (PowerPoint slides) | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | Modeling & Simulation of a Gas Discharge LENR Prototype (PowerPoint slides) | simulation, calorimetry | Experimental results from a stainless-steel LENR prototype reactor in a large thermal mass Seebeck calorimeter are modeled to accurately simulate experimental results. The well-known SPICE simulator is used for this work, where thermal properties of the apparatus are converted to lumped electrical circuits for simulation. Lumped electrical analogues for thermal components allow well developed electrical simulation technologies to quickly solve time domain thermal problems. Once the thermal model for a system is extracted, the simulation is accurate enough to detect possible experimental errors and inconsistencies. In addition, the unknown excess heat can be readily de-embedded from the typically long time constant of the calorimeter, enabling better time alignment of the excess heat response to the inputs that may have been the proximate cause for the effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HigginsRmodelingsi.pdf | |||||
| 1661 | Conference Proceedings | Higgins, R., Letts, D. | 2018 | Modeling & Simulation of a Gas Discharge LENR Prototype (Preprint) | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | Modeling & Simulation of a Gas Discharge LENR Prototype (Preprint) | Thermal modeling, SPICE, deconvolution, non-Fourier heat propagation | Modeling of a thermal system is described using circuit analogues and the highly developed SPICE simulator operating in nonlinear transient mode. Thermal circuit modeling is shown to provide a good fit in a Seebeck calorimeter, even for complex experimental thermal behavior. Component values are either derived or extracted for the calorimeter. The resulting model is used to correct for experimental measurement deficiencies, and to deconvolve the excess heat waveform (residual) from the output response. Model computation time is less than 5 seconds for typical circuits on an average contemporary personal computer. Also, during the course of modeling the calorimeter, experimental evidence was found for the obscure phenomenon of non-Fourier heat transfer. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HigginsRmodelingsia.pdf | |||||
| 1662 | Journal Article | Higgins, R., Letts, D. | 2019 | Modeling and Simulation of a Gas Discharge LENR Prototype | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Modeling and Simulation of a Gas Discharge LENR Prototype | Deconvolution, Non-Fourier heat propagation, SPICE, Thermal modeling | Modeling of a thermal system is described using circuit analogues and the highly developed SPICE simulator operating in nonlinear transient mode. Thermal circuit modeling is shown to provide a good fit in a Seebeck calorimeter, even for complex experimental thermal behavior. Component values are either derived or extracted for the calorimeter. The resulting model is used to correct for experimental measurement deficiencies, and to deconvolve the excess heat (XH) waveform (residual) from the output response. Model computation time is less than 5 s for typical circuits on an average contemporary personal computer. Also, during the course of modeling the calorimeter, experimental evidence was found for the obscure phenomenon of nonFourier heat transfer. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=318 | ||||||
| 1663 | Journal Article | Hill, J. C., Stassis, C., Shinar, J., Goldman, A. I., Folkerts, R., Schwellenbach, D. D., Peterson, D. T., Widrig, C., Porter, M., Benesh, C. J., Vary, J. P. | 1990 | Search for cold fusion using Pd-D2O cells and Ti-D mixtures | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Search for cold fusion using Pd-D2O cells and Ti-D mixtures | electrolysis, Pd, D2, Titanium neutron, gamma emission, D2O H2O | ||||||||
| 1664 | Conference Proceedings | Hioki, T., Gao, J., Takahashi, N., Hibi, S., Murase, A., Motohiro, T., Kasagi, J. | 2008 | Influence of Deuterium Gas Permeation on Surface Elemental Change of Sr-88 Ion-Implanted Pd and Pd/CaO multi-layer system | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Influence of Deuterium Gas Permeation on Surface Elemental Change of Sr-88 Ion-Implanted Pd and Pd/CaO multi-layer system | transmutation, gas permeation | |||||||
| 1665 | Conference Proceedings | Hioki, T., Azuma, H., Nishi, T., Itoh, A., Gao, J., Hibi, S., Motohiro, T., Kasagi, J. | 2009 | Hydrogen/Deuterium Absorption Property of Pd Fine Particle Systems and Heat Evolution Associated with Hydrogen/Deuterium Loading | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Hydrogen/Deuterium Absorption Property of Pd Fine Particle Systems and Heat Evolution Associated with Hydrogen/Deuterium Loading | Hydrogen absorption capacity and heat evolution upon loading with hydrogen/deuterium gas were measured for Pd-ZrO2 nanocomposite obtained from Santoku Corporation. In order to examine the influence of oxidized Pd on both hydrogen absorption capacity and heat evolution, the measurements were performed three times repeatedly. Prior to each measurement, the samples were heat treated in vacuum at 523K for more than 2 hours. The first time measurement gave an apparent H/Pd ratio of 2.6 and a heat evolution of 2.6eV/Pd. During the first time measurement, the oxidized Pd was reduced to metallic Pd. It was found that the H/Pd ratio at 1MPa was slightly smaller than that of Pd bulk. It was also noted that Pd nanoparticles grow significantly during the cycles of absorption and desorption of hydrogen. When the sample was loaded with deuterium, intermittent heat evolutions as small as at most 0.1W were observed in the second stage where heat evolutions arising from chemical reactions were hardly expected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=132 | |||||
| 1666 | Journal Article | Hioki, T., Azuma, H., Nishi, T., Itoh, A., Hibi, S., Gao, J., Motohiro, T., Kasagi, J. | 2011 | Absorption Capacity and Heat Evolution with Loading of Hydrogen Isotope Gases for Pd Nanopowder and Pd/Ceramics Nanocomposite | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Absorption Capacity and Heat Evolution with Loading of Hydrogen Isotope Gases for Pd Nanopowder and Pd/Ceramics Nanocomposite | Calorimeter, CMNS, Deuterium absorption, Heat evolution, Hydrogen storage, Pd nanoparticle | Using Sievert's method, the hydrogen (/deuterium) absorption capacitywas measured for Pd nanopowder with particle size 10-20 nm and for Pd-?Al2O3 nanocomposites with Pd particle size 2-5 nm. In order to eliminate the influence of oxidized Pd particles on the absorption capacity, measurements were repeated three or four times without exposing the samples to air. For both nano-Pd materials, the absorption capacity at 1MPa was found to be slightly smaller than that of Pd bulk. The difference in the absorption capacity between hydrogen and deuterium, i.e., the isotope effect, was negligible within the experimental error. It was found that the average size of the Pd particles was significantly increased after the repeated measurements of the absorption capacity. The heat generated upon pressurizing the materials with deuterium or hydrogen up to 1MPa was measured using a flow calorimeter. Similar to the measurements of absorption capacity, the heat measurements were also conducted repeatedly. The observed heat generation was composed of two stages, i.e., the first stage during pressurizing the samples from 0 to 1 MPa and the second stage, where the sample was kept under a fixed pressure of 1 MPa. The heat generated in the first stage was much larger at the time of the first measurement than at the second or third. The heat generated in the first stage was largely explained by taking into account two chemical reactions, i.e., the water formation reaction and the deuteride formation reaction. It was noted that in the second stage, where the heat generated from chemical reactions was hardly expected to occur, a small heat power was observed intermittently. This heat evolution was observed frequently when the samples were loaded with deuterium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=77 | ||||||
| 1667 | Journal Article | Hioki, T., Takahashi, N., Gao, J., Murase, A., Hibi, S., Motohiro, T. | 2012 | Effects of Self-poisoning of Pd on the Deuterium Permeation Rate and Surface Elemental Analysis for Nuclear Transmutation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Effects of Self-poisoning of Pd on the Deuterium Permeation Rate and Surface Elemental Analysis for Nuclear Transmutation | Deuterium permeation, Pd metal, Poisoning, S impurity, Transmutation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy | Factors affecting the deuterium permeation rate through Pd foils at a temperature as low as 70?C have been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It has been demonstrated that the surface segregation of S from the interior of Pd bulk during the permeation process causes a significant lowering of permeation rate with increasing permeation time, although the concentration of S impurity in Pd bulk is probably less than 10 ppm. The surface accumulated S during D2 permeation also gives rise to a difficulty in detecting small amount of elements on the surface of Pd after deuterium permeation treatment. For selected nuclear transmutation from Sr to Mo reported by Iwamura group, we have successfully observed Mo on the surface of Sr ion-implanted Pd after a deuterium permeation treatment, by adding a process that removes the sulfur accumulated on the surface of the Pd foil. A time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) study on the origin of the observed Mo will be described in a separate paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=73 | ||||||
| 1668 | Journal Article | Hioki, T., Sugimoto, N., Nishi, T., Itoh, A., Motohiro, T. | 2014 | Isotope Effect for Heat Generation upon Pressurizing Nano-Pd/Silica Systems with Hydrogen Isotope Gases | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 223-233 Isotope Effect for Heat Generation upon Pressurizing Nano-Pd/Silica Systems with Hydrogen Isotope Gases | Heat, Isotope effect, Nano-palladium, Porous silica | The isotope effect for heat generation upon pressurization with hydrogen isotope gases was clearly observed in a reproducible manner for nano-Pd/silica systems. For Pd/zeolite, the isotope effect decreased with increasing cycle of pressurization and almost disappeared at several cycles, whereas the effect was observed up to 15 cycles or more for Pd/FSM. Pd particles with sizes less than 2 nm are suggested to be essential for the isotope effect to be clearly observable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=233 | ||||||
| 1669 | Journal Article | Hioki, T., Ichiki, A., Motohiro, T. | 2017 | Stabilization of Nano-sized Pd Particles under Hydrogen Atmosphere | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Stabilization of Nano-sized Pd Particles under Hydrogen Atmosphere | Elevated temperature, Hydrogen atmosphere, Hydrogen absorption capacity, Mesoporous silica, Nano-size, Pd nanoparticles, Stabilization, Synthesis | To enhance the reproducibility of anomalous heat effects reported in gas loaded experiments using nano-sized metal particle systems, stabilization of the nano-sized metal particles under hydrogen atmosphere and at elevated temperatures seems to be important. In this paper, the synthesis of nano-Pd particles embedded in the meso-pores of a mesoporous-silica is reported. We have succeeded in synthesizing nano-Pd particle systems with an average Pd particle size of 3.60 nm and a standard deviation of 0.64 nm. It was found that the synthesized nano-Pd particle system is very stable, i.e., the average size of the Pd particle is unchanged when exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures ranging from room temperature up to 773 K. The hydrogen absorption capacity of the nano-Pd particles in the mesoporous silica host at room temperature was smaller than that of the Pd bulk. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=135 | ||||||
| 1670 | Journal Article | Hirabayashi, T., Yoshida, Y., Aradono, Y. | 1991 | Verification of room temperature nuclear fusion. 2 | Genshiryoku Kogyo, Vol = 37, Num = 4, Page = 31 (in Japanese) | Verification of room temperature nuclear fusion. 2 | Review | ||||||||
| 1671 | Journal Article | Hirooka, Y., Miyake, M., Sano, T. | 1981 | A Study of Hydrogen Absorption and Desorption By Titanium | J. Nucl. Mater., Vol = 96 | A Study of Hydrogen Absorption and Desorption By Titanium | H2, Ti, loading | ||||||||
| 1672 | Journal Article | Ho, N. S., Manchester, F. D. | 1968 | The Electrical Resistivity of Palladium-Hydrogen and Palladium-Deuterium Alloys between 4 and 300 K | Can. J. Phys., Vol = 46 | The Electrical Resistivity of Palladium-Hydrogen and Palladium-Deuterium Alloys between 4 and 300 K | PdD, PdH, resistivity | ||||||||
| 1673 | Journal Article | Hoare, J. P., Schuldiner, S. | 1956 | Mechanisms of hydrogen producing reactions on palladium. III. Hydrogen overvoltage on the polarization and diffusion sides of a cathode-diagram | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 103, Num = 4, Page = 237 | Mechanisms of hydrogen producing reactions on palladium. III. Hydrogen overvoltage on the polarization and diffusion sides of a cathode-diagram | PdH, overvoltage, loading | ||||||||
| 1674 | Journal Article | Hoare, J. P., Schuldiner, S., Castellan, G. W. | 1958 | Electrochemical behavior of the palladium-hydrogen system(III). Gas-charged palladium alloys | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 28 | Electrochemical behavior of the palladium-hydrogen system(III). Gas-charged palladium alloys | Pd, H, Phase Diagram, overvoltage, loading, PdH | ||||||||
| 1675 | Newspaper Article | Hodgkinson, N. | 1993 | Nuclear Confusion | The Sunday Times (UK) | LondonEditor | Nuclear Confusion | newspaper, review, history | |||||||
| 1676 | Journal Article | Hodko, D., Bockris, J. | 1993 | Possible excess tritium production on Pd codeposited with deuterium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 353 | Possible excess tritium production on Pd codeposited with deuterium | electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O, coplating | ||||||||
| 1677 | Journal Article | Hoffman, N. J. | 1994 | Book Review of Taubes Book | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | Book Review of Taubes Book | history, Book, Review | ||||||||
| 1678 | Book | Hoffman, N. | 1995 | A Dialogue on Chemically Induced Nuclear Effects. A Guide for the Perplexed about Cold Fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | American Nuclear Society | La Grange Park, Ill | A Dialogue on Chemically Induced Nuclear Effects. A Guide for the Perplexed about Cold Fusion | history, book | ||||||
| 1679 | Journal Article | Hoffmann, B., Baumann, H., Rauch, F. | 1989 | Hydrogen Uptake by Palladium-Implanted Titanium Studied by NRA and RBS | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 15 | Hydrogen Uptake by Palladium-Implanted Titanium Studied by NRA and RBS | Pd, Ti, D2, loading, Pd-Ti | ||||||||
| 1680 | Journal Article | Holleck, G. L., Flanagan, T. B. | 1967 | The mechanism for the isotopic exchange between deuterium and acidic solutions on palladium surfaces | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 71 | The mechanism for the isotopic exchange between deuterium and acidic solutions on palladium surfaces | loading, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 1681 | Journal Article | Holst-Hansen, P., Britz, D. | 1995 | Can current fluctuations account for the excess heat claims of Fleischmann and Pons? | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 388 | Can current fluctuations account for the excess heat claims of Fleischmann and Pons? | critique, heat, method, current fluctuation Pons-Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 1682 | Conference Proceedings | Hongyu, Z., Chenlin, W., Yanin, R., Guoying, F., Hua, Y., Weidong, Z., Dachun, W., Ming, H., Shuzen, L., Zhuen, H., Zhongda, W., Runhu, Y., Zhenghao, L., Guoxiao, R. | 1991 | Some Results on Cold Fusion Research | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 49 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Some Results on Cold Fusion Research | Pd, Ti, D2O, D2, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | Anomalous nuclear effects in Pd+Ti+D2 system were investigated by means of a double liquid scintillator system. A recoil proton spectrum of 2.45 MeV neutrons was obtained from heavy water electrolysis experiment using Pd as cathode. First neutrons and random neutron emissions were observed in discharge experiments and temperature cycle experiments for Pd+Ti+D2 system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=64 | ||
| 1683 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Ragheb, M., Scharmann, A. | 1990 | Surface Models for Cold Fusion and the Possibilities of Multilayered Cells for Energy Production | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 169 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Surface Models for Cold Fusion and the Possibilities of Multilayered Cells for Energy Production | theory | |||||
| 1684 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Cicchitelli, L., Miley, G. H., Ragheb, M., Scharmann, A., Scheid, W. | 1990 | Plasma and surface tension model for explaining the surface effect of tritium generation at cold fusion | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 12D, Num = 3, Page = 393 | Plasma and surface tension model for explaining the surface effect of tritium generation at cold fusion | Theory, swimming electron | ||||||||
| 1685 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Kelly, J. C., Patel, J. U., Prelas, M. A., Miley, G. H., Tompkins, J. W. | 1993 | Screening in cold fusion derived from D-D reactions | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 175 | Screening in cold fusion derived from D-D reactions | Theory, swimming electron | ||||||||
| 1686 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Kelly, J. | 1996 | Field Screened Long Range Nuclear Reactions by Thermal Protons | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 529 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Field Screened Long Range Nuclear Reactions by Thermal Protons | Confirmation of the model of field screened long range nuclear reactions has been obtained from the isotopes produced by nuclear Reactions In a Film-Excited CompleX (RIFEX) using nickel and nickel/palladium films, electrolytically loaded with hydrogen. The isotopes result from thermal proton (or deuterium or triton) reactions. The process is based on high Coulomb screening including :he Swimming Electrons of the double Layer (SEL) at the surface of metals or at the interfaces between different metals due to the diffcrences of the Fermi levels. These long rangc reactions for the low energy (nearly thermal) impact nuclei permits very long interaction times at thc large distances. The quantum relations for the values of the energies, distances and times involved arc :iiseussed and compared with the situation for the high energies at shorter distances in thc usual hot fusion and MeV nuclear reactions. Comparing these long range rcactions with fission thermal reactions leads to the suggestion that the missing exchange of largc momenta lead to the emission of lower energy gammas. from rotational and vibrational or surfacc states of the daughter nuclei. These may account for the large amount of energy of the exothermic reactions measured in the RIFEX experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=128 | ||||
| 1687 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Patterson, J. A. | 1996 | The d and p reactions in low-energy nuclear fusion, transmutation, and fission | Trans. Amer. Nucl. Soc., Vol = 76 | The d and p reactions in low-energy nuclear fusion, transmutation, and fission | Theory, screening, transmutation, fission | ||||||||
| 1688 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Kelly, J. C., Miley, G. H. | 1997 | Energy gain and nuclear transmutation by low-energy p- or d-reaction in metal lattices | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 12, Page = 48 | Energy gain and nuclear transmutation by low-energy p- or d-reaction in metal lattices | Theory, transmutation | ||||||||
| 1689 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Kelly, J. C., Narne, Y. | 1998 | Nuclear Shell Magic Numbers Agree With Measured Transmutation by Low-Energy Reactions | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 147 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Nuclear Shell Magic Numbers Agree With Measured Transmutation by Low-Energy Reactions | theory, transmutation, swimming electron, magic number, ICCF-7 | The recently used solid state physics analysis resulted in the surprising fact that the protons or deuterons in host metals as nickel, palladium or similars not only produce nuclear fusion but result in other reactions with the nuclei of the host materials generating nuclear transmutations. The resulting nuclides with atomic numbers Z are spread over the whole table of the periodic system. Based on our models of having the protons as an exotic plasma whose most energetic tail of about 1 to 2 eV reacts within about 2 pm distance where the Coulomb repulsion is reduced by screening, especially in the swimming electron layer, we derive a relation to the magic numbers of the nuclear shell model from the measured Z-dependence of the reaction probabilities. This agreement with the magic numbers is an excellent proof of consistency for the measurements. Furthermore, new higher magic numbers are predicted. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=147 | ||
| 1690 | Journal Article | Hora, H. | 1998 | Magic numbers and low energy nuclear transmutation by protons in host metals | Czech. J. Phys., Vol = 48, Num = 3, Page = 321 | Magic numbers and low energy nuclear transmutation by protons in host metals | Theory, magic number, swimming electron | ||||||||
| 1691 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Miley, G. H. | 1998 | New magic numbers from low energy nuclear transmutations predict element (306)X(126) for compound reactions | Czech. J. Phys., Vol = 48 | New magic numbers from low energy nuclear transmutations predict element (306)X(126) for compound reactions | Theory, transmutation, magic number | ||||||||
| 1692 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Kelly, J. C., Salvaggi, G., Tate, A., Osman, F., Castillo, R. | 1999 | Proton-metal reactions in thin films with Boltzmann distribution similar to nuclear astrophysics | Fusion Technol., Vol = 36 | Proton-metal reactions in thin films with Boltzmann distribution similar to nuclear astrophysics | Theory, transmutation | ||||||||
| 1693 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Kelly, J. | 2000 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions of Protons in Host Metals | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 425 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions of Protons in Host Metals | theory, transmutation, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1694 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Miley, G. H. | 2000 | Heavy nuclide synthesis by neutrons in astrophysics and by screened protons in host metals | Czech. J. Phys., Vol = 50 | Heavy nuclide synthesis by neutrons in astrophysics and by screened protons in host metals | Theory, transmutation | ||||||||
| 1695 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H. | 2002 | Summary about theoretical results of the 9th international conference on cold fusion | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Summary about theoretical results of the 9th international conference on cold fusion 4006 | theory, review, ICCF-9 | For summarizing theoretical papers of the ICCF9 conference, a short reminder should be given about some significant experimental results that can form a basis for a theory of low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). For a more historic view, the motivation for the Fleischmann-Pons experiment or the Preparata effect were well explained while-as an unusual view-L. Case reported that experiments may be understood by a simple chemical process involving catalytic surface properties. This could also explain why heat production happens in some cases and not in other cases. Contrary to this is the history of the observation of neutron emission from palladium compounds [1] or from deuterated palladium [2] that indicate nuclear processes. Today we have the significant result of Tian, Li et al [3] that the reaction of palladium wires after reacting with a hydrogen atmosphere during a current discharge, when the energy input was stopped and the gas evacuated, generated 'heat after dead' for 43 hours producing about 3.6kW/cm^3 or 13 keV/atom Pd . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HoraHsummaryabo.pdf | |||
| 1696 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Kelly, J. C., Osman, F. | 2002 | Shrinking of hydrogen atoms in host metals by dielectric effects and Inglis-Teller depression of ionization potentials | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Shrinking of hydrogen atoms in host metals by dielectric effects and Inglis-Teller depression of ionization potentials 4007 | ICCF-9, theory, swimming electron | Conversion of deuterium to tritium in palladium has been clearly confirmed by the Arata-Zhang experiments. Endothermic element synthesis in Pd. and/or Ni layers due to high proton concentration, in analogy to stellar synthesis can be seen from the generation of very rare elements such as terbium. A convincing explanation is necessary. It was concluded phenomenologically that the reaction of the protons or deuterons by fusion or with the nuclei of the host metal occurs at a distance of about picometers with a reaction time of about megaseconds. It was noted that the Bohr radius rB of hydrogen atoms in a dielectric with refractive index n is changed to rBn2. such that with the electron concentration of the host metals a plasma refractive index of 0.076 results in a value of 3pm. In order to understand the subsequent dielectric modification of the ionization energy, we apply the model of depression of this energy by the Inglis-Teller effect for which a model with the best agreement with plasma experiments was presented before. For our model of the dielectrically shrunk picometer hydrogen atoms, the low ionization energies result in a reasonable relation between dielectric properties and the effective Debye length. Preference of the reaction at surfaces or interfaces between different host metals are due to the same reduction of the dielectric response as observed with surface plasmons. For the swimming electron layer theory, the spreading of the double layer for metal interfaces was discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HoraHshrinkingo.pdf | |||
| 1697 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Li, X. Z., Kelly, J., Osman, F. | 2004 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions resulting as picometer interactions with similarity to K-shell electron capture | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions resulting as picometer interactions with similarity to K-shell electron capture | theory | Since the appeal by Brian Josephson at the meeting of the Nobel Laureates July 2004, it seems to be indicated to summarize the following serious, reproducible and confirmed observations on reactions of protons or deuterons incorporated in host metals such as palladium. Some reflections to Rutherford's discovery of nuclear physics, the Cockroft-Oliphant discovery of anomalous low energy fusion reactions and the chemist Hahn's discovery of fission had to be included. Using gaseous atmosphere or discharges between palladium targets, rather significant results were seen e.g. from the 'life after death' heat production of such high values per host atom that only nuclear reactions can be involved. This supports the earlier evaluation of neutron generation in fully reversible experiments with gas discharges hinting that a reasonable screening effect - preferably in the swimming electron layer - may lead to reactions at nuclear distances d of picometers with reaction probability times U of about megaseconds similar to the K-shell capture radioactivity. Further electrolytic experiments led to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) where the involvement of pollution could be excluded from the appearance of very seldom rare earth elements. A basically new theory for DD cross sections is used to confirm the picometer-megasecond reactions of cold fusion. Other theoretical aspects are given from measured heavy element distributions similar to the standard abundance distribution, SAD, in the Universe with consequences on endothermic heavy nuclei generation, magic numbers and to quark-gluon plasmas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HoraHlowenergyna.pdf | |||||
| 1698 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Miley, G. H. | 2007 | Maruhn-Greiner Maximum of Uranium Fission for Confirmation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions LENR via a Compound Nucleus with Double Magic Numbers | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 26 | Maruhn-Greiner Maximum of Uranium Fission for Confirmation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions LENR via a Compound Nucleus with Double Magic Numbers | Fission of excited nuclei Low energy nuclear reactions in metals Compound nuclei Coulomb screening by small Debye length Swimming electron layer, Pd, Coehn, heat+, D2 O, electrolysis, resistivity, loading, ICCF-8 | One of the most convincing facts about LENR due to deuterons of very high concentration in host metals as palladium is the measurement of the large scale minimum of the reaction probability depending on the nucleon number A of generated elements at A = 153 where a local maximum was measured. This is similar to the fission of uranium at A = 119 where the local maximum follows from the Maruhn-Greiner theory if the splitting nuclei are excited to about MeV energy. The LENR generated elements can be documented any time after the reaction by SIMS or K-shell X-ray excitation to show the very unique distribution with the local maximum. An explanation is based on the strong Debye screening of the Maxwellian deuterons within the degenerate rigid electron background especially within the swimming electron layer at the metal surface or at interfaces. The deuterons behave like neutrals at distances of about 2 picometers. They may form clusters due to soft attraction in the range above thermal energy. Clusters of 10 pm diameter may react over long time probabilities (megaseconds) with Pd nuclei leading to a double magic number compound nucleus which splits like in fission to the A = 153 element distribution. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HoraHmaruhngrei.pdf | ||||||
| 1699 | Conference Proceedings | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Philberth, K. | 2008 | Radiochemical Observations for Comparison of Uranium Fission with Low Energy Nuclear Reactions LENR | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | Radiochemical Observations for Comparison of Uranium Fission with Low Energy Nuclear Reactions LENR | theory | The discovery of nuclear fission by Hahn and Stra?ann was based on a very rare microanalytical result what initially could not indicate the very complicated details of this most important process. A similarity is discussed for the low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) being proved from analogies of measurements of uranium fission. The distribution of the elements with uranium fission is similar to the element distribution with LENR. This was observed repeatedly and reproducibly with high density deuteron concentration in palladium. This discussion is specifically focussed to the Maruhn-Greiner local maximum of the distribution within the large-scale minimum if the fission nuclei are excited. The consequences of the complications in uranium fission are discussed in comparison with LENR with respect to the studies of a hypothetical fissioning compound nuclear reaction via a concluded element 306X126 with double magic numbers. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HoraHradiochemi.pdf | |||||
| 1700 | Book Section | Hora, H., Ghahramani, N., Miley, G. H., Ghanaatian, M., Hooshmand, M., Philberth, K., Osman, F. | 2009 | Quark-Gluon Model for Magic Numbers Related to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Quark-Gluon Model for Magic Numbers Related to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch012 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch012 | ||||||
| 1701 | Journal Article | Hora, H., Miley, G. H., Yang, X. | 2014 | Bose?instein Condensation and Inverted Rydberg States in Ultra-high Density Deuterium Clusters Related to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 234-241 Bose?instein Condensation and Inverted Rydberg States in Ultra-high Density Deuterium Clusters Related to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Bose-Einstein condensation, Generalized Bohr model, Lowenergy nuclear reactions, Rydberg matter, Ultra-high density deuterium clusters | Results about low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) are related to very high density clusters of deuterons where properties of Bose-Einstein condensation and/or inverted Rydberg states are compared. A modification of Bohr's atom model is used to overcome the problem that a quantum state with n = 1 does not emit radiation from an ?rbiting? electron. This permits then the description of the inverted state of Rydberg matter in agreement with the recent measurements of Holmlid et al. for deuterium clusters with ultra-high deuteron densities in the range of 1029cm-3. A virtual oscillation model for laser excitation clusters explains the low intensity ionization threshold in clusters. MeV particle emission from LENR can then be compared with measurements from inverted Rydberg states. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=244 | ||||||
| 1702 | Journal Article | Horanyi, G. | 1989 | Some doubts about the occurrence of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34 | Some doubts about the occurrence of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | critique | ||||||||
| 1703 | Journal Article | Horanyi, G. | 1989 | Open questions concerning the Fleischmann-Pons experiment | Magy. Kem. Fol, Vol = 95 | Open questions concerning the Fleischmann-Pons experiment | Discussion | ||||||||
| 1704 | Journal Article | Horanyi, G. | 1989 | Some basic electrochemistry and the cold nuclear fusion of deuterium | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 137, Num = 1, Page = 23 | Some basic electrochemistry and the cold nuclear fusion of deuterium | critique, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 1705 | Journal Article | Horowitz, C. J. | 1989 | Cold nuclear fusion in metallic hydrogen and normal metals | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 40 | Cold nuclear fusion in metallic hydrogen and normal metals | Theory, cosmology, p-d fusion | ||||||||
| 1706 | Journal Article | Horowitz, C. J. | 1991 | Cold nuclear fusion in dense metallic hydrogen | Astrophys. J., Vol = 367 | Cold nuclear fusion in dense metallic hydrogen | theory, metallic hydrogen | ||||||||
| 1707 | Journal Article | Howald, R. A. | 1990 | Calculations on the Palladium-Lithium System for Cold Fusion | CALPHAD, Vol = 14 | Calculations on the Palladium-Lithium System for Cold Fusion | Phase Diagram, Pd-Li | ||||||||
| 1708 | Conference Proceedings | Hrushovetz, S. M. | 1998 | Particles, Primes, and 'Cold Fusion' | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 152 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Particles, Primes, and 'Cold Fusion' | theory, muon, ICCF-7 | Various particles and interactions have been considered in explaining excess heat alld nuclear products in metals like palladium and nickel 'loaded' with protons or deuterons, with most non-chemical theories involving 'cold fusion ' reactions of deuterium nuclei. This paper theorizes a role for neutrino oscillation in these anomalies based on a numerical approach to elementary particle charges using five sets of eight primes (2, 3, 5, 1 1, 1 49, 863, 1831, 178441) in six groups. The method fits recognized mass ranges (some of which are known to nine significant digits) and ratios, predicts masses of unconfirmed particles, and links gravity alld electric forces. My predicted 88.2 keV energy difef rence between muon neutrino and electron neutrinos resembles the 89 ? 1 ke V X-rays observed in coldfusion cells by Cignini, Gozzi et al. , and it is included in my predicted down quark rest energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=152 | ||
| 1709 | Conference Proceedings | Hsu, C. L., Wan, C. M., Chen, F. R | 1992 | TEM Investigation of Hydrogen Ordering in Pd | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 561 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | TEM Investigation of Hydrogen Ordering in Pd | order, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, molten salt, TEM, ICCF-3, structure | TEM was used to study the microstructure of Pd electrodes before and after electrochemical reaction in molten salt and heavy water cells. Hydrogen ordered structure in the non-stoichiometric PHx was observed in the Pd specimens annealed in air, vacuum and hydrogen furance. On the contrary, high density of dislocations and subgrains and no superlattice structure was observed in the Pd specimens after electrochemical reactions. The reason why no superlattice structure in the electrochemically reacted Pd may be due to traping of hydrogen atoms by defects. Pd was subjected to various treatments and electrolyzed either in D2O or molten salt. Ordering of D by TEM was investigated. No ordering was found after either form of loading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=298 | ||
| 1710 | Journal Article | Hu, C. C., Wen, T. C. | 1995 | Effect of pH and anion on hydrogen sorption/desorption at/within oxide-derived Pd electrodes | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 142, Num = 5, Page = 1376 | Effect of pH and anion on hydrogen sorption/desorption at/within oxide-derived Pd electrodes | Pd, loading, PdCl2 electrolysis | ||||||||
| 1711 | Conference Proceedings | Huang, N., Gao, Q. H., Liaw, B. Y., Liebert, B. E. | 1989 | A Flow Calorimeter Used in Duplication of 'Cold Fusion' | Special Session Cold Fusion, Electrochemical Society, Vol = 1, Num = 1 | Electrochemical Society | Hollywood, Fl | Oct. 20, 1989 | A Flow Calorimeter Used in Duplication of 'Cold Fusion' | Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, method | |||||
| 1712 | Conference Proceedings | Huang, N. | 1990 | Effect of Light Water Additions on Excess Heat Generation of Palladium Deuterium System | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 43 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Effect of Light Water Additions on Excess Heat Generation of Palladium Deuterium System | Pd, H2O, D2O, heat+, H2O addition effect of H2O | |||||
| 1713 | Journal Article | Huang, C. Y., Rabinowitz, M. | 1990 | Some New Aspects of Super-High Temperature Superconductors | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 4, Num = 9, Page = 567 | Some New Aspects of Super-High Temperature Superconductors | review, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 1714 | Conference Proceedings | Huang, G., Mo, D., Yu, W., Yao, M., Xi, X., Liaw, B. | 1993 | The Measurements and the Control of Loading Ratio of Deuterium in Palladium | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 20 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | The Measurements and the Control of Loading Ratio of Deuterium in Palladium | Pd, D, loading, method, ICCF-4, electrolysis, D2O | |||||
| 1715 | Conference Proceedings | Huang, G. S., Li, X. Z. | 1996 | A possible phase transition in a gas-loading D/Pd system | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 198 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | A possible phase transition in a gas-loading D/Pd system Storms. Finds that resistance ratio does not give expected results when gas loading because of the known hysteresis effect when conditions are changed. | Pd, loading, D2, resistivity, ICCF-6 | A resistance jump is identified at the loading ratio, DPd, approaching 0.58 in a gas-loading DPd system. This jump may be related with the transition between the alpha phase and the beta phase of the deuteride. Its implication for measuring the loading ratio is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=213 | ||
| 1716 | Journal Article | Hubler, G. K. | 2007 | Anomalous Effects in Hydrogen-Charged Palladium - A review | Surf. Coatings Technol. | Anomalous Effects in Hydrogen-Charged Palladium - A review | Review | ||||||||
| 1717 | Journal Article | Hubler, G. K. | 2007 | Anomalous Effects in Hydrogen-Charged Palladium - A review (PowerPoint slides) | Surf. Coatings Technol. | Anomalous Effects in Hydrogen-Charged Palladium - A review (PowerPoint slides) | Abstract and PowerPoint slides describing the paper of the same title. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HublerGKanomalousea.pdf | |||||||
| 1718 | Journal Article | Hubler, G. K., El-Boher, A., Azizi, O., Pease, D., He, J., Isaacson, W., Gangopadhyay, S., Violante, V. | 2015 | Sidney Kimmel Institute for Nuclear Renaissance | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 540 Sidney Kimmel Institute for Nuclear Renaissance | Anomalous heat effect, excess energy, hydrogen, palladium | http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/108/04/0562.pdf | |||||||
| 1719 | Journal Article | Huggins, R. A. | 1989 | Statement before the Committee on Science, Space, and Technolgy | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | Statement before the Committee on Science, Space, and Technolgy | congress, statement, history | ||||||||
| 1720 | Conference Proceedings | Huggins, R. A. | 1990 | Fundamental Considerations Relating to the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Palladium into Mixed Conductors | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 181 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Fundamental Considerations Relating to the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Palladium into Mixed Conductors | Pd, D2O, loading, method, electrolysis | |||||
| 1721 | Journal Article | Huggins, R. A. | 1991 | Fundamental considerations relating to the insertion of hydrogen isotopes into mixed conductors at high activities | Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., Vol = 210 | Fundamental considerations relating to the insertion of hydrogen isotopes into mixed conductors at high activities | theory, catalysis | ||||||||
| 1722 | Conference Proceedings | Huggins, R. A. | 1993 | Materials Aspects of the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Deuterium into Mixed Conductors | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 26 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Materials Aspects of the Electrochemical Insertion of Hydrogen and Deuterium into Mixed Conductors | Pd, H, review, loading, electrolysis, dislocation, ICCF-4 | A number of features of the presence of interstitial species in metals and alloys relevant to 'solid state fusion' experiments are discussed. These include experimental evidence for very high virtual pressures under certain conditions, and the influence of promotors and surface blockers. Dislocation generation and motion can result from the large stresses accompanying composition gradients and phase transformations. Because of preferential segregation of interstitial species to dislocations, transport along dislocations can be much faster than through the bulk crystal, and dislocation motion can cause unusually rapid interstitial solute transport and both entry and emission from surfaces. Mechanical effects related to the presence of hydrogen often are sporadic and can have long delay times. It is possible that some of the same microstructural features and phenomena that are responsible for delayed mechanical behavior play an important role in the 'solid state fusion' observations. Two dislocation mechanisms are presented that can produce transient local hyperloading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HugginsRAmaterialsa.pdf | |||
| 1723 | Journal Article | Huggins, R. A., Nix, W. D. | 2000 | Decrepitation Model For Capacity Loss During Cycling of Alloys in Rechargeable Electrochemical Systems | Ionics, Vol = 6 | Decrepitation Model For Capacity Loss During Cycling of Alloys in Rechargeable Electrochemical Systems | Electrochemistry | Mechanisms that are involved in the loss of capacity upon the cycling of electro?hemical cells are discussed. The inherent instability of the electrochemical interface and the resul?ant geometrical changes are characteristic of electrodes in which the reactant is a pure element. On the other hand, decrepitation can play an important role in the case of polyphase electrodes in which significant changes in specific volume occur. A simple one-dimensional model is presented that shows the mechanism and the important parameters that are involved in particle fracture. It predicts that decrepitation will lead to a terminal particle size, as is found experimentally. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HugginsRAdecrepitat.pdf | ||||||
| 1724 | Conference Proceedings | Hugo, M. | 1993 | A Home Cold Fusion Experiment | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 22 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | A Home Cold Fusion Experiment | heat+, Pd-Ag, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1725 | Book | Huizenga, J. R. | 1992 | Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 22 | University of Rochester Press | Rochester, NY | Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century | history, critique, book | ||||||
| 1726 | Book | Huizenga, J. R. | 1993 | Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 22 | Oxford University Press | New York | Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century | history, critique, book | ||||||
| 1727 | Conference Proceedings | Huke, A., Czerski, K., Dorsch, T., Heide, P. | 2004 | Evidence for a Target-Material Dependence of the Neutron-Proton Branching Ratio in d+d Reactions for Deuteron Energies below 20 keV | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Evidence for a Target-Material Dependence of the Neutron-Proton Branching Ratio in d+d Reactions for Deuteron Energies below 20 keV | neutron | Angular distributions and the neutron-proton branching ratio of the mirror reactions 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He have been investigated using different deuterized metallic targets at projectile energies ranging from 5 to 60 keV. Whereas the experimental results obtained for Al, Zr, Pd and Ta targets do not differ from those known from gas-target experiments, an enhancement of the angular anisotropy in the neutron channel and a quenching of the neutron-proton branching ratio have been observed for Li and Sr targets at deuteron energies below 20 keV. Both effects can be explained assuming an induced adiabatic polarization of the reacting deuterons in the crystal lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HukeAevidencefo.pdf | |||||
| 1728 | Conference Proceedings | Huke, A., Czerski, K., Heide, P. | 2004 | Accelerator Experiments and Theoretical Models for the Electron Screening Effect in Metallic Environments | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Accelerator Experiments and Theoretical Models for the Electron Screening Effect in Metallic Environments | theory | An overview of our experiments and their results concerning the electron screening effects in metallic environments are presented. The measurements of the reactions 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He were performed with an electrostatic accelerator at incident deuteron energies between 5 and 60keV at different self-implanted target materials. The resulting screening energy values are about one order of magnitude larger compared to gas target experiments and exceed significantly the theoretical predictions. A thorough investigation of the processes in the targets under ion irradiation shows that there are multi-parameter collateral effects which are crucial for the correct interpretation of the observed enhancements. They mainly originate from target surface contaminations due to residual gases in the vacuum as well as from inhomogeneities in the deuteron density distribution in heterogeneous targets. For the special situation of deuterium in the metallic environment an improved analysis method has been developed beyond the standard procedures. Experimental evidence for the influence of such effects and a mathematical model for their assessment are given and compared with the results of other groups. We also present a numerical model of the electron screening effect in metallic lattices based on an ab-initio Hartree-Fock simulation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HukeAaccelerato.pdf | |||||
| 1729 | Journal Article | Huke, A., Czerski, K., Dorsch, T., Biller, A., Heide, P., Ruprecht, G. | 2006 | Evidence for a host-material dependence of the n/p branching ratio of low-energy d+d reactions within metallic environments | Eur. Phys. J. A, Vol = 27, Num = s01, Page = 187-192 | Evidence for a host-material dependence of the n/p branching ratio of low-energy d+d reactions within metallic environments | Theory, branching ratio, critique | ||||||||
| 1730 | Journal Article | Huke, A., Czerski, K., Heide, P., Ruprecht, G., Targosz, N., Zebrowski, W. | 2008 | Enhancement of the Deuteron-Fusion Reactions in Metals and its Experimental Implications | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 78, Num = 1 | Enhancement of the Deuteron-Fusion Reactions in Metals and its Experimental Implications | ion-bombardment, d-d, cross section | Recent measurements of the reaction 2H(d,p)3H in metallic environments at very low energies performed by different experimental groups point to an enhanced electron screening effect. However, the resulting screening energies differ strongly for diverse host metals and different experiments. Here, we present new experimental results and investigations of interfering processes in the irradiated targets. These measurements inside metals set special challenges and pitfalls that make them and the data analysis particularly error prone. There are multiparameter collateral effects that are crucial for the correct interpretation of the observed experimental yields. They mainly originate from target surface contaminations owing to residual gases in the vacuum as well as from inhomogeneities and instabilities in the deuteron density distribution in the targets. To address these problems an improved differential analysis method beyond the standard procedures has been implemented. Profound scrutiny of the other experiments demonstrates that the observed unusual changes in the reaction yields are mainly due to deuteron density dynamics simulating the alleged screening energy values. The experimental results are compared with different theoretical models of the electron screening in metals. The Debye-H??kel model that has been previously proposed to explain the influence of the electron screening on both nuclear reactions and radioactive decays can be clearly excluded. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/HukeAenhancemen.pdf | ||||||
| 1731 | Journal Article | Hunter, G. W., Pond, G. R., Werth, J., Balko, E. N. | 1990 | A Dewar Calorimeter for Electrochemical Studies | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 78, Num = 1 | A Dewar Calorimeter for Electrochemical Studies | method, heat | ||||||||
| 1732 | Journal Article | Hurlbert, R. C., Konecny, J. O. | 1961 | Diffusion of hydrogen through palladium | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 34 | Diffusion of hydrogen through palladium | Pd, H, diffusion | ||||||||
| 1733 | Book | Hurtak, J. J., Bailey, P. G. | 1997 | Cold fusion research: Models and potential benefits | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 34 | www.padrak.com/ine/ | Editor, Series Cold fusion research: Models and potential benefits | review | |||||||
| 1734 | Journal Article | Hurtak, J. J. | 1997 | Cold Fusion Research: Models and Potential Benefits | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 128 | Cold Fusion Research: Models and Potential Benefits | review theory | ||||||||
| 1735 | Journal Article | Huston, E. L., Sandrock, G. D. | 1980 | Engineering Properties of Metal Hydrides | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 74 | Engineering Properties of Metal Hydrides | pressure, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 1736 | Report | Hutchinson, D. P., Bennet, C. A., Richards, R. K., Bullock, J., Powell, G. L. | 1990 | Initial Calorimetry Experiments in the Physics Division -ORNL | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 74 | Oak Ridge, TN | Initial Calorimetry Experiments in the Physics Division -ORNL | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, 6Li, recombination | |||||||
| 1737 | Conference Proceedings | Iazzi, F., Botta, E., Bressani, T., Fanara, C., Tesio, A. | 1998 | Correlated Measurements of D2 Loading and 4He Production in Pd Lattice | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 157 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Correlated Measurements of D2 Loading and 4He Production in Pd Lattice | electromigration, D2, Pd, loading, ICCF-7, Coehn, electrolysis | A series of measurements have been performed on a thin sheet of Pd in D2 gas atmo?phere with an electric field applied across its length. The results in terms of correlation between the average loading ratio near the cathode and in the middle of the sheet are reported: they indicate that under particular conditions the application of the electric field succeeds to shorten the loading time and to obtain local D/Pd ratios higher than the average value. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IazziFcorrelated.pdf | ||
| 1738 | Conference Proceedings | ICCF19 | 2015 | Posters from conference | ICCF19 conference | Posters from conference | Posters displayed at ICCF19, courtesy F. Scholkmann | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ICCFpostersfro.pdf | |||||||
| 1739 | Conference Proceedings | ICCF21 | 2018 | Abstracts | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | Abstracts | All of the abstracts from the ICCF-21 conference, combined into one file. The abstracts were downloaded from: https://www.iccf21.com/submit-abstract | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ICCFabstracts.pdf | ||||||
| 1740 | Journal Article | Ichimaru, S., Nakano, A., Ogata, S., Tanaka, S., Iyetomi, H., Tajima, T. | 1990 | Statistical-mechanical theory of cold nuclear fusion in metal hydrides | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 59 | Statistical-mechanical theory of cold nuclear fusion in metal hydrides | Theory, p-d | ||||||||
| 1741 | Journal Article | Ichimaru, S., Ogata, S., Nakano, A. | 1990 | Rates of nuclear fusion in metal hydrides | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 59, Num = 11, Page = 3904 | Rates of nuclear fusion in metal hydrides | Theory, p-d, fusion | ||||||||
| 1742 | Journal Article | Ichimaru, S. | 1991 | Cold nuclear fusion in pressurized liquid metals | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 60 | Cold nuclear fusion in pressurized liquid metals | Theory, p-d, p-Li, fusion | ||||||||
| 1743 | Conference Proceedings | Ichimaru, S. | 1993 | Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 14 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter | theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1744 | Journal Article | Ichimaru, S. | 1993 | Nuclear fusion in dense plasmas | Rev. Mod. Phys., Vol = 65 | Nuclear fusion in dense plasmas | Theory, review, astronomy, screening | ||||||||
| 1745 | Thesis | Igarashi, J., Kiida, K. | 2020 | Development of hydrogen energy heater using nano catalyst | Rev. Mod. Phys., Vol = 65 | Hokkaido University of Science | Kitagawa, H. Development of hydrogen energy heater using nano catalyst | Excess heat | The Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake on September 6, 2018 caused a blackout in thewhole of Hokkaido, caused by the shutdown of 3 units of the Hokkaido Electric Power Company's Toma-Atsuma Thermal Power Plant, which at that time generated half of the power in Hokkaido. Other power plants also stopped automatically to protect the power generation facilities, which triggered a power outage in Hokkaido as a whole. Hokkaido Electric Power is on a fairly small scale. It is split among the 10 electric power companies, and it is difficult to supply electric power from other companies, due to the location of the island of Hokkaido. It can be said that Hokkaido's electric power supply is virtually isolated during a crisis. And it can be said there is an urgent need for countermeasures due to the power generation situation in Hokkaido, and new hydrogen energy might be one of the promising countermeasures. New hydrogen energy is the energy produced by a nuclear fusion reaction. It is a deuterium fusion reaction produced by the catalytic action of metals. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IgarashiJdevelopmen.pdf | |||||
| 1746 | Journal Article | Iguchi, T. | 1990 | Measurement of a very small yield of neutron using a moderating-type (3)He gas counter | Ioniz. Radiat. (Tokyo), Vol = 16, Num = 3, Page = 22 (in Japanese) | Measurement of a very small yield of neutron using a moderating-type (3)He gas counter | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 1747 | Conference Proceedings | Iida, T., Fukuhara, M., Miyazaki, H., Sueyoshi, Y., Sunarno, Datemichi, J., Takahashi, A. | 1992 | Deuteron Fusion Experiment with Ti and Pd Foils Implanted with Deuterium Beams | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 201 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Deuteron Fusion Experiment with Ti and Pd Foils Implanted with Deuterium Beams | D, ion implantation, Pd, Ti, Particle emission, ICCF-3, theory, three body, He | In order to examine the 'cold' deuteron fusion reaction, we have tried making deuteron implantation experiments on Ti and Pd foils. A 20 cm diam. x 24 cm cylinder-type vacuum chamber was installed at the end section of a 240 keV deuteron accelerator. In the center of the chamber, a Ti or Pd foil sample was set to face toward 3 nsec pulsed deuteron beams collimated with a 3 mm diam. aperture. A Si-SSD was placed behind the foil sample for the measurement of high energy charged particles emitted from the foil by the supposed deuteron fusion reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=206 | ||
| 1748 | Conference Proceedings | Iida, T., Fukuhara, M., Sunarno, Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A. | 1993 | Deuteron Fusion Experiments with Ti and Pd Foils Implanted with Deuteron Beams II | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 13 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Deuteron Fusion Experiments with Ti and Pd Foils Implanted with Deuteron Beams II | Ti, Pd, ion implantation, D2 helium ICCF-4 | Deuteron implantation experiments on Ti and Pd foils have been made for the examination of the 'cold' deuteron fusion reaction. In the center of a target chamber fitted to a 300 keV deuteron accelerator, a Ti or Pd foil sample was set to face toward 3 nsec pulsed deuteron beams collimated with a 3 mm diameter aperture. A Si-SSD was placed behind the foil to detect high energy charged particles emitted from the foil by the supposed deuteron fusion reactions. In the 243 keV deuteron implantation experiments for 3-20 μm Ti and 5-22 μm Pd foils, unusual counts and peaks were measured in the energy region higher than the proton peak due to the well-known D-D reaction. And from the energy loss measurement with the screen foil in front of the Si-SSD, some of the unusual high energy peaks were found to be helium, though the original reactions are not identified. These helium peaks and unnatural counts are difficult to explain and might have something to do with the multibody fusion reactions proposed by A. Takahashi. More elaborate experiments with more detailed measurement such as correlated particle measurement should be necessary for confirmation of the multibody fusion reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IidaTdeuteronfua.pdf | |||
| 1749 | Journal Article | Iida, T. | 1995 | Deuteron fusion experiments with some foils implanted with deuteron beams | Genshikaku Kenkyu, Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = 77 | Deuteron fusion experiments with some foils implanted with deuteron beams | ion bombardment, Pd, Zr, particle emission | ||||||||
| 1750 | Conference Proceedings | Iizumi, K., Fujii, M., Mitsushima, S., Kamiya, N., Ota, K. | 2005 | Heat Measurement During Plasma Electrolysis | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Heat Measurement During Plasma Electrolysis | plasma electrolysis, glow discharge, hydrogen generation, heat | ||||||
| 1751 | Conference Proceedings | Ikegami, H. | 1991 | Cold Fusion Researches in Japan | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 297 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Cold Fusion Researches in Japan | review, Japan, ICCF-2 | Positive results as well as some negative results from cold fusion research in Japan are reviewed with some comments. Out of 11 research groups taken up in the present review, three groups are mainly working on excess heat calorimetry, and the rest of the eight groups are involved in the detection of nuclear fusion products. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=312 | ||
| 1752 | Journal Article | Ikegami, H. | 1991 | Present and future of cold fusion. Nuclear products from cold fusion | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 60 | Present and future of cold fusion. Nuclear products from cold fusion | Review | ||||||||
| 1753 | Edited Book | Ikegami, H. | 1992 | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion' (Part 1) | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 60 | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion' (Part 1) | This is the complete proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, October 21 - 25, 1992 Nagoya, Japan. The printed book is in one volume, but this version has been split into two parts to facilitate downloading. This is Part 1, title page to page 252. This file is in image-over-text Acrobat format, so it is large. Some individual papers from the proceedings have been uploaded separately after being completely converted to text Acrobat format, which is cleaner and smaller. In some cases the separate papers have been re-edited by the authors and improved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf | ||||
| 1754 | Edited Book | Ikegami, H. | 1992 | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion' (Part 2) | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 60 | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion' (Part 2) | This is the complete proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, October 21 - 25, 1992 Nagoya, Japan. The printed book is in one volume, but this version has been split into two parts to facilitate downloading. This is Part 2, page 253 to page 698. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf | ||||
| 1755 | Journal Article | Ikegami, H. | 1993 | Next step to promote cold fusion research | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 62 | Next step to promote cold fusion research | Discussion, history | ||||||||
| 1756 | Book Section | Ikegami, H. | 2001 | Buffer Energy Nuclear Fusion | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.40 | Buffer Energy Nuclear Fusion | ionbombardment, Li, D, cross-section | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: A compact scheme of non-thermonuclear fusion is presented. Hydrogen ions are implanted directly from nonthermal discharge plasma or ion source into a surface of liquid Li metal at a buffer energy of a few tens keV where nuclear stopping occurs. The ions interact with Li atoms or mixed element atoms which are not being internally excited and tend towards the formation of united atoms at the minimum Gibbs free energy point. This leads to the enhanced rate of non-thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen ions due to cohesion in the liquid metal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHbufferener.pdf | ||||||
| 1757 | Journal Article | Ikeya, M., Miyamaru, H. | 1989 | Chemical heat production of palladium electrode electrolytically charged with deuterium and hydrogen | Chem. Express, Vol = 4 | Chemical heat production of palladium electrode electrolytically charged with deuterium and hydrogen | Pd, electrolysis, decomposition, neutron, tritium | ||||||||
| 1758 | Journal Article | Ilic, R., Rant, J., Sutej, T., Kristof, E., Skvarc, J., Kozelj, M., Najzer, M., Humar, M., Cercek, M., Glumac, B., Cvikl, B., Fajgelj, A., Gyergyek, T., Trkov, A., Loose, A., Peternelj, J., Remec, I., Ravnik, M. | 1990 | A search for neutrons, protons, tritons, (3)He ions, gamma- and x-rays from deuterium-deuterium nuclear reaction in electrochemically charged palladium | Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., Vol = 17 | A search for neutrons, protons, tritons, (3)He ions, gamma- and x-rays from deuterium-deuterium nuclear reaction in electrochemically charged palladium | Pd, electrolysis, neutron, particle emission, tritium Helium, gamma emission, x-ray, heat-, negative | ||||||||
| 1759 | Journal Article | Ilic, R., Rant, J., Sutej, T., Dobersek, M., Kristov, E., Skvarc, J., Kozelj, M. | 1990 | Investigation of the deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction in cast, annealed, and cold-rolled palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Investigation of the deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction in cast, annealed, and cold-rolled palladium | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, particle emission, neutron gamma emission, x-ray, negative | ||||||||
| 1760 | Journal Article | Ilic, R., Rant, J. | 1991 | The search for cold nuclear fusion with track-etch and bubble damage detectors | Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., Vol = 19 | The search for cold nuclear fusion with track-etch and bubble damage detectors | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 1761 | Journal Article | Iller, C. | 1994 | Hadronic Circuit Diagrams and the secrets of Cold Nuclear Chemistry | Alchemy Today, Vol = 2 | Hadronic Circuit Diagrams and the secrets of Cold Nuclear Chemistry | theory, superconductor, muon | ||||||||
| 1762 | Journal Article | Imam, M. A., Nagel, D. J., Miles, M. | 2019 | Fabrication and Characterization of Palladium-Boron Alloys Used in LENR Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Fabrication and Characterization of Palladium-Boron Alloys Used in LENR Experiments | Annealing, Excess heat, Face-centered cubic, LENR, Palladium-Boron alloys, X-ray diffraction | Most Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) electrochemical experiments have been performed with commercially pure palladium cathodes. There has also been interest in the use of alloys of palladium, which retain the ability of that element to absorb high fractions of deuterium, but also offer better mechanical properties. Alloying palladium with low levels of boron is a prime example. The fabrication and characterization of Pd?? alloys is described in this paper. Three alloys with nominal composition in weight percent of boron, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75, were produced by arc melting, followed by annealing. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed them to consist of two face-centered cubic phases with different lattice parameters, one dispersed as fine particles within the other. It was found that these alloys produce highly reliable LENR results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=10 | ||||||
| 1763 | Conference Proceedings | Indech, R., Karshenboym, R. | 1995 | Optimization of Output in a Cold Fusion Generator | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 367 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Optimization of Output in a Cold Fusion Generator | theory, ICCF-5 | Progress has been made in the production of excess heat from a cold fusion generator based upon the combination of deuterium ions within a metallic matrix. Drawing from fundamental considerations, this paper identifies for optimization those quantities and methods which would tend to increase the heat production. An analogy to hot fusion is presented, followed by theory of the PONS cell. Methods to increase fusion output are introduced with a detailed theoretical analysis of the effective kinetic temperature generated for deuterium ion under an electric field in a porous material. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=170 | ||
| 1764 | Journal Article | Irvine, J. M., Riley, S. | 1989 | Cold fusion doubts and controls | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Cold fusion doubts and controls | theory, cosmology, history | ||||||||
| 1765 | Conference Proceedings | Isagawa, S., Kanada, Y., Suzuki, T. | 1992 | Search for Excess Heat, Neutron Emission and Tritium Yield from Electrochemically Charged Palladium in D2O | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 477 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Search for Excess Heat, Neutron Emission and Tritium Yield from Electrochemically Charged Palladium in D2O | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, H2O contamination, ICCF-3, electrolysis | The electrolysis of heavy water is being investigated with two types of open calorimetric systems. Pd cathodes, Pt anodes and D2O/0.1 M LiOD electrolytes have been used. Until now no clear-cut heat bursts as reported have been observed. One exceptional phenomenon showing abnormal power imbalance without neutron and tritium anomalies was found, but has not been repeated under the similar experimental conditions. Neutron emission, on the other hand, as a very rare case showed an abnormal increase for only short term during one of another series of experiments. The increase of about 3.8 sigma above the background level lasted for 9 hours on the 20th day after starting the electrolysis. The emission rate amounts to about 27.2 ? 11.2 neutrons s^-l, which is equivalent to about 700 times as much as the background level. Neither excess heat nor tritium anomalies were, however, observed. The reason for the lack of repeatability of these experimental results is discussed. Excess heat and one long neutron emission were reported, contamination of the D2O by atmosheric H2O was thought to be the cause of failure. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=215 | ||
| 1766 | Conference Proceedings | Isagawa, S., Kanda, Y., Suzuki, T. | 1995 | Heat Production and Trial to Detect Nuclear Products from Palladium-Deuterium Electrolysis Cells | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 124 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Heat Production and Trial to Detect Nuclear Products from Palladium-Deuterium Electrolysis Cells | Pd, D2O, electrolysis heat+, tritium, neutron gamma emission ICCF-5 | A burst-like excess heat release, equivalent to 1 10% of the input electric power, was clearly observed for the fIrst time in our newly built open type electrolysis cell using Pd/0.1 M LiOD/Pt. After being precharged, the cell was driven to boiling three times the last of which continued for about 1 6 hours to almost dryness. The burst occurred just during the calm period about 6 hours after the fIrst boiling. The temperature of the cell, about 100 ml in volume, increased by 7.5 K in 13 minutes . A palladium cathode, 2mmq, x 7.0Smm, was a heat s ource, although the mechanism of the heat generation is still uncertain. During the whole period of this run, however, the phenomenon took place only once. Neither increase of neutron emission nor that of tritium concentration has been detected. Mass analysis showed that any traces of D2 as well as 4He have not remained in the Pd s ample u sed. Detection of gamma ray emission as well as 3He and 4He in off gas during or just after release of excess power should be yet to be pursued further. A heat burst was detected of 6.8W lasting 13 min after the sample had cooled to 82 deg C after having reached the boiling point. No neutrons, gamma, or tritium were detected. A crack in the calorimeter and the need to do a calibration using a similar cell makes this claim uncertain. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=141 | ||
| 1767 | Conference Proceedings | Isagawa, S., Kanda, Y. | 1996 | Mass Spectroscopic Search for Helium in Effluent Gas and Palladium Cathodes of D2O Electrolysis Cells Involving Excess Power | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 12 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Mass Spectroscopic Search for Helium in Effluent Gas and Palladium Cathodes of D2O Electrolysis Cells Involving Excess Power | He, electrolysis, D20, heat+, Pd, ICCF-6 | A heat burst equivalent to 360W per lcm3 of Pd was observed in an open type electrolysiS cell using Pd/O.lMLiOD/pt. It happened. however. only once in all 5 cells ever tested. Although boiling has occurred many times in all cells, no direct correlation has been found between boiling and 4He production. By reducing the gas flow rate and properly adjusting the pressure gradient, the quantitative analysis of 4He could be realized in our Q-mass system with high detection sensitivity (l7ppt) in continuous-flow mode and with high resolution in store mode. Two types of closed vacuum furnace were used to degas the Pd samples. An external-heater-type allowed penneation of 4He and H from air when heated above IOOOoe. An internal-heater-type. on the other hand. enabled us to heat up the sample at 1200? without any penneation. No traces of 4He were, however, detected probably due to one of three possible reasons: I)There have been no 4He in the Pd sample from the beginning. 2)4He was degassed away during the 1st heating at 770?, but could not be detected due to the then insufficient sensitivity. 3)4He still exists in the Pd lattice, but cannot migrate nor diffuse even at 1200?, forming many trapped tiny bubbles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=27 | ||
| 1768 | Journal Article | Isagawa, S. | 1996 | Mass spectroscopic means for determining 4He in the presence of large amounts of D2 | Vacuum, Vol = 47 | Mass spectroscopic means for determining 4He in the presence of large amounts of D2 | helium electrolysis, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 1769 | Journal Article | Isagawa, S., Kanda, Y., Suzuki, T. | 1998 | Present status of cold fusion experiment at KEK' | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 65, Num = 1, Page = 60 | Present status of cold fusion experiment at KEK' | Pd, heat+, electrolysis, neutron+, D2O, x-ray, Pd | ||||||||
| 1770 | Conference Proceedings | ISCMNS | 2007 | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 65, Num = 1, Page = 60 | Rothwell, J., Mobberly, P. | The International Society for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sicily, Italy | October 13-18, 2007 | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals, 13-18 October 2007, Sheraton Catania Sicily, Italy | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf | |||
| 1771 | Thesis | Ishida, T. | 1992 | Study of the anomalous nuclear effects in solid deuterium systems | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 65, Num = 1, Page = 60 | Tokyo University | Study of the anomalous nuclear effects in solid deuterium systems | particle emission | |||||||
| 1772 | Conference Proceedings | Isobe, Y., Fukuoka, H., Takahashi, A. | 1998 | Simultaneous Measurements of Neutrons, X-rays, Excess Heat and D-Loading Ratio Using Open D2O Electrolysis System | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 162 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Simultaneous Measurements of Neutrons, X-rays, Excess Heat and D-Loading Ratio Using Open D2O Electrolysis System | neutron, loading, Pd, D2O, heat, x-ray, resistivity, electrolysis, ICCF-7, negative | During electrolysis using LiOD heavy water electrolyte and Pd cathodes, simultaneous measurements of nuclear products, excess heat and D-Ioading ratio were carried out to study the correlation between degree of loading ratio and occurrence of cold fusion phenomena and to seek the correlation between excess heat and nuclear products if such phenomena were observed. Open-type electrolysis cell with two sets of X-ray and neutron detection systems was used in this work. The measurement of excess heat was done by using the mass flow calorimetry method. The degree of D-loading ratio is obtained by measuring the electrical resistance of the Pd-cathode during electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=162 | ||
| 1773 | Conference Proceedings | Isobe, Y., Uneme, S., Yabuta, K., Mori, H., Omote, T., Ueda, S., Ochiai, K., Miyadera, H., Takahashi, A. | 2000 | Search for Coherent Deuteron Fusion by Beam and Electrolysis Experiments | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 17 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Search for Coherent Deuteron Fusion by Beam and Electrolysis Experiments | Pd, D2O, electrolysis, heat+, ion bombardment, Ti, particle emission, 3 body, He, neutron, X-ray, ICCF-8 | Procedures and results of three kinds of experiments i.e., closed type D2O/Pd electrolysis, electron beam irradiation and ion-beam bombardment on titanium-deuteride (TiDx) have been introduced in this paper. In the electrolysis experiment, upper gas of the electrolysis cell was analyzed using a Quadrupole Mass Analysis System (Q-MAS). Significant amount of helium-4 was detected without neutron emission in several experiments and in one of these experiments, the amount of helium-4 atom in the released gas from the palladium cathode was 8.1 x 10^16 atoms. Under electron beam irradiation to highly D-loaded palladium, anomalous spectra were taken in X-ray measurement. In the experiments using deuteron beam and TiDx, responses which suggested 3D multi-body fusion were taken and the reaction rate of which was increased compared to the D(d,p)T reaction rate, below 100 keV. This result may reflect the coherent effect of the solid state in the reactions. From the results of the experiments using proton beam and TiDx, peaks which suggested 3D multi-body reaction were detected with high reproducibility. Moreover, high energetic protons having 17-20 MeV emitted kinetic energy which suggested H-D-D three-body coherent fusion were also detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IsobeYsearchforc.pdf | ||
| 1774 | Journal Article | Isobe, Y., Uneme, S., Yabuta, K., Katayama, Y., Mori, H., Omote, T., Ueda, S., Ochiai, K., Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Search for multibody nuclear reactions in metal deuteride induced with ion beam and electrolysis methods | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 41, Num = part 1, Page = 1546 | Search for multibody nuclear reactions in metal deuteride induced with ion beam and electrolysis methods | Experiment electrolysis, ion beam, Pd Ti D2O 4He+ thin film neutron heat multibody ion bombardment three body fusion | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: We report here the experimental results suggesting the occurrence of multibody nuclear reactions in metal deuterides under ion-beam irradiation and electrolysis. A meaningful increase of helium-4 was observed during electrolysis with the Pd-D2O system, while neutron emission was not observed. The D+D+D fusion, 3D→t+3He+9.5 MeV, has been observed repeatedly in deuteron-beam irradiation experiments with a TiDx target. On the other hand, in proton-beam experiments with TiDx, H+D+D-fusion: H+D+D→p+4He+23.8 MeV was observed. Considering this result, it seems that the 3D reaction occurred between two deuterons trapped closely in TiDx and an incident particle of deuteron. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IsobeYsearchform.pdf | ||||||
| 1775 | Journal Article | Ito, T., Kursawa, T., Yaguchi, T. | 1994 | Concerning 'cold fusion' | Meiji Daigaku Nogakubu Hokoku, Vol = 100 | Concerning 'cold fusion' | Review | ||||||||
| 1776 | Conference Proceedings | Itoh, T., Iwamura, Y., Gotoh, N., Toyoda, I. | 1995 | Observation of Nuclear Products Under Vacuum Conditions from Deuterated Palladium with High Loading Ratio | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 189 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Observation of Nuclear Products Under Vacuum Conditions from Deuterated Palladium with High Loading Ratio | D2 Pd, neutron, x-ray, tritium, gamma emission, particle emission, loading ICCF-5 | Gas release experiments with a method of heating highly deuterated palladium metals (DlPd=O.7 - 0.83) in a vacuum chamber to induce anomalous nuclear effects have been performed. Neutron emission and X-ray emission were observed in some cases, and DT gas breeding with high reproducibility. DT gas breeding was correlative with DlPd and degassing rate of deuterium gas. It shows that anomalous nuclear effects are related to DlPd and diffusion process of deuterium atoms in palladium metals. Pd loaded electrolytically (PdD0.8), coated with Cu, and heated in vacuum. Neutrons, charged particles, gamma-rays, and X-rays sought. Neutron emission and tritium detected upon heating. Tritium production increased strongly when the D/Pd ratio was at 0.83. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=207 | ||
| 1777 | Conference Proceedings | Itoh, T., Iwamura, Y., Gotoh, N., Toyoda, I. | 1996 | Observation of Nuclear Products in Gas Release Experiments with Electrochemically Deuterated Palladium | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 410 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Observation of Nuclear Products in Gas Release Experiments with Electrochemically Deuterated Palladium | Pd, deloading, tritium, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-6 | Gas release experiments have been performed using electrochemically deuterated palladium. We developed a gas storage system to store gas released from a deuterated panadium. Using the system, we analyzed the released gas and investigated effects of hydrogen concentration on mass number 5 gas. As a result, mass number 5 gas cannot be explained by hydrogen concentration and we conclude that DT gas is produced in the gas release experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=425 | ||
| 1778 | Journal Article | Itoh, T., Iwamura, Y., Kasagi, J., Shishido, H. | 2017 | Anomalous Excess Heat Generated by the Interaction between Nano-structured Pd/Ni Surface and D2 Gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Anomalous Excess Heat Generated by the Interaction between Nano-structured Pd/Ni Surface and D2 Gas | Anomalous heat, D2 gas absorption, Finite element method, Nano-structured material, Replication | A new experimental setup based on Mizuno's work was introduced in our lab in order to investigate the anomalous heat generation phenomena. Following Mizuno's procedures, we fabricated nano-structured material composed of Pd and Ni by glow discharge on a heater located in the center of a vacuum chamber. The nano-structured Pd/Ni was prepared with D2 before use. Then, we applied electrical power to the heater that was covered with the nano-structured Pd/Ni while evacuating the chamber, and we observed the heater temperature behavior. Next, we introduced D2 gas at about 250 Pa to the chamber while maintaining the heater input. As a result, in three experiments, we observed that heater temperature increases compared to the reference experiment (with no nano-structured Pd/Ni). In particular, in experiments with 7 W input, we observed a123?C heater temperature increase compared to the reference experiment. It can be said that we replicated Mizuno's experiment successfully. Since the heater was covered with nano-structured material, there was a concern that a change in emissivity affected the heater temperature measurement. Numerical calculation was conducted to evaluate the effect of the change of the surface emissivity. It was concluded that even if the emissivity drop dramatically from 0.7 to 0.3 due to the coating of the nano-structured Pd/Ni, the temperature rise would be only 70?C at the most. The postulated emissivity change cannot explain the observed temperature increase of 123?C. These experimental and numerical results suggest that anomalous excess heat was generated by the interaction between nano-structured Pd/Ni surface and D2 gas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=191 | ||||||
| 1779 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Toyoda, I. | 1993 | Observation of Anomalous Nuclear Effects in D2-Pd System | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 12 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Observation of Anomalous Nuclear Effects in D2-Pd System | Pd, D2, neutron, tritium, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1780 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Gotoh, N., Itoh, T., Toyoda, I. | 1995 | Characteristic X-ray and Neutron Emissions from Electrochemically Deuterated Palladium | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 197 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Characteristic X-ray and Neutron Emissions from Electrochemically Deuterated Palladium | Pd, X-ray, neutron, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-5 | Characteristic x-ray and neutron emissions have been observed during electrochemical loading of deuterium i nto pal ladium metal . It shows that anomalous phenomena occur i n deuteri um-palladium system as shown in our previous paper and the others on cold fusion. X-ray peaks detected at 75 keV. A few neutron bursts noted. Lead was found on surface which has a K-a energy of 75 keV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=215 | ||
| 1781 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Gotoh, N., Toyoda, I. | 1996 | Correlation between behavior of deuterium in palladium and occurance of nuclear reactions observed by simultaneous measurement of excess heat and nuclear products | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 274 | Okamoto, M. | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Correlation between behavior of deuterium in palladium and occurance of nuclear reactions observed by simultaneous measurement of excess heat and nuclear products | heat+, Pd, x-ray, neutron, ICCF-6, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | We developed a new type of experimental apparatus for simultaneous measurement of excess heat and nuclear products with intent to induce continuous nuclear reactions in D2 ? Pd system. It consists of two parts: an electrochemical cell for calorimetry, and a vacuum chamber for nuclear measurement. Deuterium atoms flow continuously from the electrochemical side to the vacuum side through a palladium plate, and we might expect that nuclear reactions last for a long term in the system, since it is considered that diffusion process of deuterium atoms in palladium is important to induce nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYcorrelatio.pdf | |||
| 1782 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Gotoh, N., Sakano, M., Toyoda, I., Sakata, H. | 1998 | Detection of Anomalous Elements, X-ray and Excess Heat Induced by Continous Diffusion of Deuterium Through Multi-layer Cathode (Pd/CaO/Pd) | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 167 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Detection of Anomalous Elements, X-ray and Excess Heat Induced by Continous Diffusion of Deuterium Through Multi-layer Cathode (Pd/CaO/Pd) | D2O, Pd, heat+, transmutation, x-ray, neutron, layer, electrolysis, surface analysis, ICCF-7 | A new type of experimental apparatus is developed to induce nuclear reactions by continuous diffusion of deuterium. Ti atoms, which cannot be explained by contamination, were detected on the surface where deuterium atoms passed through on Pd cathodes after electrolysis. A multi-layer cathode (Pd/CaO/Pd) is introduced based on an EINR (Electron Induced Nuclear Reaction) model. Excess heat generations and x-ray emissions were observed for all the cases we tried by the multi-layer cathodes. 57Fe/56Fe ratio of Fe atoms detected on the multi-layer cathodes is anomalously larger than natural 57Fe/56Fe. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYdetectionoa.pdf | ||
| 1783 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, H., Gotoh, N., Sakano, M., Toyoda, I., Sakata, H. | 1998 | Detection of anomalous elements, X-ray and excess heat induced by continuous diffusion of deuterium through multi-layer cathode (Pd/CaO/Pd) | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 20, Page = 56 | Detection of anomalous elements, X-ray and excess heat induced by continuous diffusion of deuterium through multi-layer cathode (Pd/CaO/Pd) | heat, diffusion transmutation layer, surface | A new type of experimental apparatus is developed to induce nuclear reactions by continuous diffusion of deuterium. Ti atoms, which cannot be explained by contamination, were detected on the surface where deuterium atoms passed through on Pd cathodes after electrolysis. A multi-layer cathode (Pd/CaO/Pd) is introduced based on an EINR (Electron Induced Nuclear Reaction) model. Excess heat generations and x-ray emissions were observed for all the cases we tried by the multi-layer cathodes. 57Fe/56Fe ratio of Fe atoms detected on the multi-layer cathodes is anomalously larger than natural 57Fe/56Fe. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYdetectionoa.pdf | ||||||
| 1784 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Gotoh, N., Toyoda, I. | 1998 | Detection of anomalous elements, x-ray, and excess heat in a D2-Pd system and its interpretation by the electron-induced nuclear reaction model | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Detection of anomalous elements, x-ray, and excess heat in a D2-Pd system and its interpretation by the electron-induced nuclear reaction model | theory, transmutation, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, layer, neutron, x-ray, heat, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 1785 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Sakano, M. | 2000 | Nuclear Products and Their Time Dependence Induced by Continuous Diffusion of Deuterium Through Multi-layer Palladium Containing Low Work Function Material | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 141 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Nuclear Products and Their Time Dependence Induced by Continuous Diffusion of Deuterium Through Multi-layer Palladium Containing Low Work Function Material | diffusion, layer, Pd, surface analysis, transmutation, ICCF-8 | Two kinds of experimental methods have been designed to induce nuclear reactions in the Pd-D system. One is the D2 gas diffusion method, and the other is the electrolysis diffusion method. A common feature of the methods is to cause continuous diffusion of deuterium through a multi-layer Pd that contains low work function material (CaO, TiC, YzOs, etc.). Time dependence of nuclear products (Mg, Si, S, F, Al) were observed by the D2 gas diffusion method, in which the products were analyzed WITHOUT taking the multi-layer Pd out of the apparatus. The time dependence of the products was reproduced qualitatively. The 33S/32S ratio of the products was one order larger than that of natural abundance. Fe isotope ratio anomaly of the multi-layer Pd obtained by the electrolysis diffusion method was confirmed by SIMS and TOF-SIMS. Si powder products detected after electrolysis amounted to 0.057g, and its isotopic composition was anomalous. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYnuclearpro.pdf | ||
| 1786 | Patent | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Sakano, M. | 2002 | Nuclide Transmutation Device and Nuclide Transmutation Method | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 141 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | U.S.A. | Jun. 27, 2002 | Nuclide Transmutation Device and Nuclide Transmutation Method | transmutation, Pd, Iwamura effect | PATENT ABSTRACT: The present invention produces nuclide transmutation using a relatively small-scale device. The device 10 that produces nuclide transmutation comprises a structure body 11 that is substantially plate shaped and made of palladium (Pd) or palladium alloy, or another metal that absorbs hydrogen (for example, Ti) or an alloy thereof, and a material 14 that undergoes nuclide transmutation laminated on one surface 11A among the two surfaces of this structure body 11. The one surface 11A side of the structure body 11, for example, is made a region in which the pressure of the deuterium is high due to pressure or electrolysis and the like, and the other surface 11B side, for example, is a region in which the pressure of the deuterium is low due to vacuum exhausting and the like, and thereby, a flow of deuterium in the structure body 11 is produced, and nuclide transmutation is carried out by a reaction between the deuterium and the material 14 that undergoes nuclide transmutation. | US 2002/0080903 A1 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYnuclidetra.pdf | |||
| 1787 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Sakano, M., Sakai, S. | 2002 | Elemental Analysis of Pd Complexes: Effects of D2 Gas Permeation | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University. | 2002 | Elemental Analysis of Pd Complexes: Effects of D2 Gas Permeation | transmutation D2, Pd, ICCF-9 | |||||
| 1788 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Sakano, M., Sakai, S. | 2002 | Observation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Induced By D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China | May 19-25 (2002) | Observation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Induced By D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes | Pd, D2, transmutation, films surface, ICCF-9 | Observation of low energy nuclear reactions induced by D2 gas permeation through Pd complexes, which consist of a thin Pd layer, alternating CaO and Pd layers and bulk Pd, is described.?? The Pd complex was located in a vacuum chamber and the elemental analysis was performed using an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) apparatus mounted on the chamber. ?When Cs was added on the surface of a Pd complex, Pr emerged on the surface while Cs decreased after the Pd complex was subjected to D2 gas permeation at 343K and 1atm for about one week.? In the case of adding Sr on the surface, Mo emerged on the surface while the added Sr decreased after D2 permeation for about two weeks.? All the phenomena were reproduced qualitatively. ?The isotopic composition of the detected Mo exhibited characteristics indicating an isotopic abundance of Sr rather than the natural abundance of Mo. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYobservatioa.pdf | |||
| 1789 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Sakano, M., Itoh, T. | 2002 | Elemental Analysis of Pd Complexes: Effects of D2 Gas Permeation | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 41 | Elemental Analysis of Pd Complexes: Effects of D2 Gas Permeation | transmutation, D2, Pd, CaO, gas | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. It is reprinted here with permission of the author. The abstract begins: Elemental analysis of Pd complexes, which consist of a thin Pd layer, alternating CaO and Pd layers and bulk Pd, is described, after subjecting the Pd complexes to D2 gas permeation. The Pd complex was located in a vacuum chamber and the elemental analysis was performed using an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) apparatus mounted on the chamber. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYelementalaa.pdf | ||||||
| 1790 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Sakano, M., Sakai, S., Kuribayashi, S. | 2003 | Low Energy Nuclear Transmutation In Condensed Matter Induced By D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes: Correlation Between Deuterium Flux And Nuclear Products | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Low Energy Nuclear Transmutation In Condensed Matter Induced By D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes: Correlation Between Deuterium Flux And Nuclear Products | gas loading, transmutation | Observations of low energy nuclear reactions induced by D2 gas permeation through Pd complexes (Pd/CaO/Pd) were presented at ICCF-9 and in a paper published in the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics (JJAP). When Cs was added on the surface of a Pd complex, Pr emerged on the surface while Cs decreased after the Pd complex was subjected to D2 gas permeation. When Sr was added to the surface, Mo emerged while the Sr decreased after D2 gas permeation. The isotopic composition of the detected Mo was different from the natural abundance. In this paper, recent progress of our research is described. The detected Pr was confirmed by various methods such as TOF-SIMS, XANES, X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry and ICP-MS. Analysis of the depth profile of Pr indicated that a very thin surface region up to 100 angstroms was the active transmutation zone. Many experimental results showed that the quantity of Pr was proportional to the deuterium flux through Pd complex. The cross section of transmutation of Cs into Pr can be roughly estimated at 1 barn if we consider the deuterium flux as an ultra low energy deuteron beam. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYlowenergyn.pdf | |||
| 1791 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y. | 2004 | Observation of Nuclear Transmutation Reactions induced by D2 Gas Permeation through Pd Complexes (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Observation of Nuclear Transmutation Reactions induced by D2 Gas Permeation through Pd Complexes (PowerPoint slides) | Review | Transmutations of Ba into Sm were observed both when natural Ba was applied to the Pd complex samples, and when mass-137-enriched Ba (monoisotopic Ba) was applied. The mass distribution of Sm that we obtained depended on the starting isotopic distribution of Ba. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYobservatioc.pdf | |||||
| 1792 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y. | 2004 | Observation of Nuclear Transmutation Reactions induced by D2 Gas Permeation through Pd Complexes | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Observation of Nuclear Transmutation Reactions induced by D2 Gas Permeation through Pd Complexes | gas loading, transmutation | We have been studying low energy nuclear transmutations induced by D2 gas permeation through Pd complexes (Pd/CaO/Pd). We presented experimental results at ICCF9 and ICCF101-3. In this paper, we report recent progress. Transmutations of Ba into Sm were observed in two cases: with natural Ba on Pd complex samples (a definite result), and with mass 137-enriched Ba (probable). In these experiments, the atomic mass increase was 12 and atomic number increase was 6. One of our experimental apparatuses was carried to SPring-8, which is the world's largest synchrotron radiation facility, located at Hyogo prefecture in Japan. Pr was confirmed several times by XRF at SPring-8. Some experiments were done to explore physical structure of the CaO layer. According to a D+ ion beam bombardment experiment performed at Tohoku University, the deuterium density of our Pd complex is one order larger than normal Pd. When we replaced CaO with MgO, we did not obtain any positive results. These results shed light on the role of the CaO layer in the Pd complex. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYobservatiob.pdf | |||||
| 1793 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y. | 2004 | Consideration on the Role of CaO (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Consideration on the Role of CaO (PowerPoint slides) | Review | |||||||
| 1794 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y. | 2004 | Pd Complex (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Pd Complex (PowerPoint slides) | Transmutation | |||||||
| 1795 | Conference Proceedings | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Sakano, M., Yamazaki, N., Kuribayashi, S. | 2005 | Observation Of Surface Distribution Of Products By X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry During D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Observation Of Surface Distribution Of Products By X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry During D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes | transmutation | In-situ measurement of transmutation of Cs into Pr was performed, and the surface distribution of Pr was investigated using XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry) at SPring-8, a large synchrotron x-ray facility. The in-situ measurement indicated that Pr emerged and Cs decreased at some points after D2 gas permeation, though any Pr cannot be observed before D2 gas permeation at all the points on the Pd complex surface. Using small size X-ray beam in 100- and 500-micrometer squares, we obtained 2 dimensional XRF spectra for three permeated samples, from which we detected Pr. Pr was detected again by the two small x-ray beams as expected. The amount of Pr varied greatly at different locations of the Pd surface, however, a clear correlation between surface structures and distribution of Pr has not seen up to now. Experimental results suggest that nuclear transmutations do not occur uniformly but some uncertain factors, presumably condensed matter effects in the present Pd/D/CaO system, have a large effect on the rate or the process of the reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IwamuraYobservatiod.pdf | ||||
| 1796 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Yamazaki, N., Kasagi, J., Terada, Y., Ishikawa, T., Sekiba, D., Yonemura, H., Fukutani, K. | 2011 | Observation of Low Energy Nuclear Transmutation Reactions Induced by Deuterium Permeation through Multilayer Pd and CaO thin Film | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Observation of Low Energy Nuclear Transmutation Reactions Induced by Deuterium Permeation through Multilayer Pd and CaO thin Film | CaO, Deuterium, D2 gas, Multilayer, Nano-structure, Pd, Permeation, Thin film, Time of flight mass spectrometry, Transmutation, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry | Low energy nuclear transmutations in condensed matter have been observed in the nano-structured Pd multilayer complex, which are composed of Pd and CaO thin film and Pd substrate, induced by D2 gas permeation through Pd multilayer complexes. Permeation of deuterium is attained by exposing one side of the Pd complex to D2 gas while keeping the other side under vacuum conditions. Transmutation reactions of Cs into Pr, Ba into Sm were observed. Especially, transmutation of Cs into Pr has been confirmed by 'in-situ' measurements using xray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) at SPring-8 in Japan. Similar experiments have been performed by some researchers and positive results have been obtained in some cases. However, more systematic experiments and theoretical approaches are required to make clear the nature of this phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=140 | ||||||
| 1797 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Yamazaki, N., Yonemura, H., Fukutani, K., Sekiba, D. | 2013 | Recent Advances in Deuterium Permeation Transmutation Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 10 | Recent Advances in Deuterium Permeation Transmutation Experiments | Deuterium, Multilayer, Nano-structure, Permeation, Pd, Transmutation | We have been investigating low-energy nuclear transmutation reactions observed in the nano-structured Pd/CaO multilayer complex induced by deuterium permeation through it. A micro-beam Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) system, by means of a resonant nuclear reaction 1H(15N,alpha gamma )12C, has been developed for the purpose of the 3D mapping of the hydrogen distribution in the Pd multilayer complex. Using this system, we observed hydrogen density of Pd/CaO multilayer is higher than that of normal Pd. Preliminary experimental results were obtained, which suggested that implanted W was transmuted into Os or Pt. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedi.pdf#page=68 | ||||||
| 1798 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Tsuruga, S. | 2014 | Increase of Reaction Products in Deuterium Permeation-induced Transmutation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 242-252 Increase of Reaction Products in Deuterium Permeation-induced Transmutation | Deuterium permeation-induced transmutation, Increase of reaction products, Nano-structured Pd multilayer thin film, Transmutation | Low-energy nuclear transmutations have been observed in the nano-sized Pd complexes, which are composed of Pd and CaO thin film and Pd substrate, induced by D2 gas permeation. In order to increase the transmutation products, an electrochemical method was applied to increase deuterium density near the surface of the nano-structured Pd multilayer film. Transmutation products were successfully increased by this approach. Laser irradiation method was also applied to make surface Plasmon on the Pd multilayer, however, the effect of laser irradiation was not so prominent. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=252 | ||||||
| 1799 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Tsuruga, S. | 2015 | Transmutation reactions induced by deuterium permeation through nano-structured palladium multilayer thin film | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 628 Transmutation reactions induced by deuterium permeation through nano-structured palladium multilayer thin film | |||||||||
| 1800 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Kasagi, J., Kikunaga, H., Yoshino, H., Itoh, T., Hattori, M., Mizuno, T. | 2016 | The Launch of a New Plan on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science at Tohoku University | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 119 The Launch of a New Plan on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science at Tohoku University | Collaborative research division, Condensed matter nuclear reaction, Electron screening, Nano-structured Pd??aO complex, Permeation, Transmutation | A new division devoted to Condensed Matter Nuclear Reaction (CMNR) was established at the Research Center for Electron Photon Science of Tohoku University in April 2015. This division consist of researchers from Tohoku University, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Clean Planet Inc., who have been actively engaged in the field of CMNR. In this division, fundamental research on condensed matter nuclear reaction, R&D on energy generation and nuclear waste decontamination will be performed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=127 | ||||||
| 1801 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Kasagi, J., Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Takahashi, K. | 2017 | Replication Experiments at Tohoku University on Anomalous Heat Generation Using Nickel-based Binary Nanocomposites and Hydrogen Isotope Gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Replication Experiments at Tohoku University on Anomalous Heat Generation Using Nickel-based Binary Nanocomposites and Hydrogen Isotope Gas | Anomalous heat, Deuterium gas, Gas loading, Hydrogen gas, Ni-based binary nano-composites, Replication | We built a new experimental system to replicate the anomalous heat generation experiments based on the papers by A. Kitamura and A. Takahashi. The system was developed in order to measure precisely heat generation using a flow-calorimetry method with liquid hydrocarbon coolant that enables us to measure at temperatures higher than 373 K. The Ni-based binary nano-composite samples were prepared by the melt spinning method. A fabricated material at Kobe University were separated into two samples. One sample was loaded and tested at Tohoku University and the other at Kobe University, in order to compare the experimental results at the two different places. Two experiments were performed up to now. One was the PNZ4s (Pd0:044Ni0:31Zr0:65) with D2 gas experiment and the other is the CNZ5s (Cu0:044Ni0:31Zr0:65) with H2 gas experiment. For the PNZ4s with D2 gas experiment, excess heat up to 10 W was observed. The amount of excess energy reached 2.5 MJ and it corresponded to 14.9 eV per absorbed D. CNZ5s (Cu0:044Ni0:31Zr0:65) with H2 gas experiment also showed anomalous excess heat ranging from 2 to 5 W. Coincident increase events of the pressure of reaction chamber and gas temperature, which suggested high temperature gas generation in the reactor chamber, was observed many times. The amount of excess energy amounted to 1.9 MJ and the generated energy per hydrogen atom was estimated as 67.8 eV/H. For the both samples subjected to the same fabrication process, results of the present work qualitatively agreed with those of the similar experiment performed at Kobe University. And these observations are supposed to be very difficult to explain by known chemical processes only. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=203 | ||||||
| 1802 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Kasagi, J., Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Takahashi, K., Seto, R., Hatano, T., Hioki, T., Motohiro, T., Nakamura, M., Uchimura, M., Takahashi, H., Sumitomo, S., Furuyama, Y., Kishida, M., Matsune, H. | 2019 | Anomalous Heat Effects Induced by Metal Nano-composites and Hydrogen Gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Anomalous Heat Effects Induced by Metal Nano-composites and Hydrogen Gas | Anomalous heat, Deuterium gas, Excess heat, Gas loading, Heat burst, Hydrogen gas, Metal nano-composite, Nano-material, Replication | Collaborative research among Technova Inc., Nissan Motor Co. Ltd., Kobe Univ., Kyushu Univ., Nagoya Univ. and Tohoku Univ. was done from Oct. 2015 to Oct. 2017. For this collaborative work, a new accurate oil mass-flow calorimetry system was developed at Tohoku University to replicate anomalous heat generation experiments reported by Technova and the Kobe Univ. Group. In this paper, we present evidence of anomalous excess heat effects obtained from experiments at our laboratory at Tohoku University. Excess energy experiments were done using nano-sized metal composites with H2 and D2 gas . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=128 | ||||||
| 1803 | Journal Article | Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Kasagi, J., Murakami, S., Saito, M. | 2020 | Excess Energy Generation using a Nano-sized Multilayer Metal Composite and Hydrogen Gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Excess Energy Generation using a Nano-sized Multilayer Metal Composite and Hydrogen Gas | Anomalous heat, Excess heat, Gas loading, Heat burst, Hydrogen gas, Multilayer thin film, Nano material, Nano-sized metal composite | New type of excess heat experiments using a nano-sized metal multilayer composite and hydrogen gas have been performed based on the permeation-induced transmutation experiments with multilayer thin film and excess heat experiments with nano-particles. Two nano-sized metal multilayer composite samples, which were composed of Ni, Cu, CaO, Y2O3 thin films on bulk Ni (25 mm ? 25 mm ? 0.1 mm), were placed in a vacuum chamber. These samples were fabricated by Ar ion beam sputtering method. After baking of the samples, H2 gas was introduced into the chamber up to about 230 Pa at 250 deg C. Then, the Ni based multilayer thin films started to absorb H2 gas. Amount of absorbed H2 gas can be evaluated by the pressure measurement of the chamber. Typically, after about 50,000 s, H2 gas was evacuated and simultaneously the samples were heated up by the ceramic heater up to 500?900 deg C. The evacuation and heating process seem to trigger heat generation reactions. Heat burst phenomena were simultaneously detected by a radiation thermometer looking at the surface of the multilayer thin film and a thermocouple located near the metal composite. It shows that heat measurement by the thermocouple embedded in the ceramic heater correctly reflects surface temperature detected by the radiation thermometer. Excess energy generation using nano-sized multilayer Cu/Ni metal composite and Cu/Ni metal with third material (CaO, Y2O3) composite were presented. Maximum released excess energy reached 1.1 MJ and average released energy per absorbed total hydrogen was 16 keV/H or 1.5 GJ/H-mol. It cannot be explained by any known chemical process and suggests that the observed heat generation must be of nuclear origin. Various analysis methods, such as SEM-EDX or TOF-SIMS, had been applied to obtain information about what kind of reactions occur by the interaction of the nano-sized multilayer metal composite with hydrogen gas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 1804 | Conference Proceedings | Iyengar, P. K. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Results in BARC Experiments | Fifth International Conf. on Emerging Nucl. Energy Ststems | Karlsruhe, Germany | July 3-6, 1989 | Cold Fusion Results in BARC Experiments | review, neutron, tritium, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | Experiments were initiated at Trombay during the first week of April 1989 to verify the widely reported claims of the occurrence of cold fusion. A large burst of ≈ 2 x 10^7 neutrons was first detected on April 21st with a Pd-Ni electrolytic cell. The neutron counting rate, averaged over a 5 minute interval, was a couple of orders of magnitude larger than that of background count rates. In this experiment the tritium level in the D2O electrolyte jumped from the initial stock solution value of 2.6 Bq/ml to a 5.6 x 10^4 Bq/ml, an increase by over four orders of magnitude. The total quantity of tritium generated corresponds to ≈ 10^16 atoms suggesting a neutron to tritium channel branching ratio of less than 10^-8 in cold fusion. Significant quantities of neutrons and tritium were also observed to be produced in gas loaded Ti and Pd samples. Autoradiography of D2 loaded Ti disc targets have shown a number of hot spots indicating uneven distribution of tritium production in the near-surface region. On the whole the Trombay experiments have unequivocally confirmed the occurrence of cold fusion reactions both in Pd and Ti metallic lattices loaded with deuterium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IyengarPKcoldfusion.pdf | ||||
| 1805 | Book Section | Iyengar, P. K. | 1989 | Preface and Summary | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Preface and Summary | Review | The Preface and Summary of the book BARC Studies in Cold Fusion. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IyengarPKprefaceand.pdf | |||
| 1806 | Report | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | 1989 | BARC studies in cold fusion | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Government of India, Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | BARC studies in cold fusion | review, Pd, Ti, D2O, D2, heat+, neutron, tritium | ||||||
| 1807 | Conference Proceedings | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | 1990 | Overview of BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 62 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Overview of BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | A wide variety of experiments have been carried out by twelve independent teams employing both electrolytic and gas phase loading of deuterium in Pd and Ti metals to investigate the phenomenon of cold fusion first reported by Fleischmann and Pons in March 1989. The experiments were primarily devoted to the study of the emission of nuclear particles such as neutrons and tritium with a view to verify the 'nuclear origin' of cold fusion. In 22 different electrolytic experiments whose cathode surface areas ranged from 0.1 to 300 cm^2, large bursts of neutrons and/or tritium were measured. Some of these gave clear evidence that these two nuclear particles were being generated simultaneously. The neutron-to-tritium yield ratios in the majority of these experiments was in the range of 10^-6 to 10^-9. The specific neutron and tritium yields expressed per cm^2 of cathode surface area also fitted into a systematic pattern. A unique feature of the BARC electrolysis results is that the first bursts of neutrons and tritium occurred (in 8 out of 11 cells) on the very first day of commencement of electrolysis, when hardly a few amp-hrs of charge had been passed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IyengarPKoverviewof.pdf | |||
| 1808 | Journal Article | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M., Sikka, S. K., Shyam, A., Chitra, V., Kulkarni, L. V., Rout, R. K., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Sadhukhan, H. K., Nagvenkar, V. B., Nayar, M. G., Mitra, S. K., Raghunathan, P., Degwekar, S. B., Radhakrishnan, T. P., Sundaresan, R., Arunachalam, J., Raju, V. S., Kalyanaraman, R., Gangadharan, S., Venkateswaran, G., Moorthy, P. N., Venkateswarlu, K. S., Yuvaraju, B., Kishore, K., Guha, S. N., Panajkar, M. S., Rao, K. A., Raj, P., Suryanarayana, P., Sathyamoorthy, A., Datta, T., Bose, H., Prabhu, L. H., Sankaranarayanan, S., Shetiya, R. S., Veeraraghavan, N., Murthy, T. S., Sen, B. K., Joshi, P. V., Sharma, K. G. B., Joseph, T. B., Iyengar, T. S., Shrikhande, V. K., Mittal, K. C., Misra, S. C., Lal, M., Rao, P. S. | 1990 | Bhabha Atomic Research Centre studies on cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Bhabha Atomic Research Centre studies on cold fusion | theory, electrolysis, D2O, D2, tritium, Pd, neutron, x-ray, radioactivity | ||||||||
| 1809 | Journal Article | Izumida, T., Ozawa, Y., Ozawa, K., Izumi, S., Uchida, S., Miyamoto, T., Yamashita, H., Miyadera, H. | 1990 | A search for neutron emission from cold nuclear fusion in a titanium-deuterium system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | A search for neutron emission from cold nuclear fusion in a titanium-deuterium system | Ti, D2, neutron, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 1810 | Journal Article | Izuyama, T. | 1964 | Anomalous susceptibility due to paramagnetic impurities | Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol = 133 | Anomalous susceptibility due to paramagnetic impurities | susceptibility | ||||||||
| 1811 | Journal Article | Jabon, V. D. D., Fedorovich, G. V., Samsonenko, N. V. | 1997 | Catalitically induced d-d fusion in ferroelectrics | Braz. J. Phys., Vol = 27 | Catalitically induced d-d fusion in ferroelectrics | fractofusion, theory, LiTaO3, (BaSr)Nb2O6, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 1812 | Journal Article | Jackson, J. C. | 1989 | Cold fusion results still unexplained | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Cold fusion results still unexplained | theory, neutron | ||||||||
| 1813 | Conference Proceedings | Jaeger, F. G. | 1995 | A Model for Commercialization Utilizing Patents | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 597 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | A Model for Commercialization Utilizing Patents | Commercialization | The bigg est impediment to commercial development today is lack of widespread demonstration devices and firm scientific understanding of the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for variously reported cold fusion and enhanced energy effects. With scientific understanding, the possibility of commercial amplification and replication could rapidly occur, which would quickly spawn a wide variety of initial commercial products. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=404 | ||
| 1814 | Journal Article | Jaendel, M. | 1990 | Cold fusion in a confining phase of quantum electrodynamics | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Cold fusion in a confining phase of quantum electrodynamics | Theory, QED | ||||||||
| 1815 | Journal Article | Jaendel, M. | 1992 | The fusion rate in the transmission resonance model | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | The fusion rate in the transmission resonance model | Theory, critique, resonance | ||||||||
| 1816 | Journal Article | Jaitner, L. | 2020 | Condensed Plasmoids (CPs) - A Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Nuclear Active Environment of LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Condensed Plasmoids (CPs) - A Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Nuclear Active Environment of LENR | Charge clusters, EVs, EVOs, LENR, Nuclear active environment, Pease-??raginskii current, Plasmoids, Rradiative collapse, Strange radiation, z-Pinch | Researchers have long been puzzled about the basic nuclear reaction mechanisms of low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR). Usually the crystal lattice or nano-particles (among others) are assumed to be the nuclear active environment that catalyzes the reaction somehow. In contrast, the author has built a quantum-mechanical model of the nuclear active environment in LENR, where this environment is modeled as an ultra-dense plasmoid, i.e. a 'condensed plasmoid' (CP). The computed properties of CPs are so exotic that CPs qualify as a previously unknown aggregation state of matter. The quantum-mechanical model of CPs is based on the cylindrical symmetry of a very thin (i.e. about 40 pm) plasma 'wire'. (The quantitative properties given in the abstract depend on the configuration of the CP; these are just examples.) The electrons of a CP are fully delocalized and decoupled from the nuclei. They are moving with high velocity (10?80% of light speed) against the nuclei. This results in an intrinsic current of about 9 kA in the CP with a mean current density of approximately 2.5 A/pm2. The magnetic field from this current reaches 50 MT (magatesla) and creates a confinement pressure of more than 1021 Pa. The electrons are compressed by the strong z-pinch condition to a mean density of about 0.15 electrons/pm3. The creation of a CP is an endothermic process (i.e. it takes in energy from an external source), which typically requires discharges with high voltages and high currents. Once created, these objects can be long-living (lasting hours). The minimum distance of hydrogen nuclei in a CP is only about 2 pm, which enables tunneling of nuclei through the Coulomb barrier, i.e. nuclear fusion. The barrier is also much screened by the dense electrons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=174 | ||||||
| 1817 | Journal Article | Jaksch, D., Bruder, C., Cirac, J. I., Gardiner, C. W., Zoller, P. | 1998 | Cold Bosonic in Optical Lattices | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 81 | Cold Bosonic in Optical Lattices | boson, theory | ||||||||
| 1818 | Journal Article | Jamieson, H. C., Weathrely, G. C., Manchester, F. D. | 1976 | The b-a Phase Transformation in Palladium-Hydrogen Alloys | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 56 | The b-a Phase Transformation in Palladium-Hydrogen Alloys | Pd, H2, Phase Diagram, Excess Volume, Lattice Parameter | ||||||||
| 1819 | Journal Article | Jaminon, M. | 2002 | La fusion froide [in French] | Bull. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, Vol = 70, Num = 3, Page = 119 | La fusion froide [in French] | Review, no FPH/Jones refs | ||||||||
| 1820 | Conference Proceedings | Jandel, M., Sahrling, J. | 1990 | Pressure Enhanced Fusion Rates in Lattice Channels | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 790 | Jones, S. | S. E. Jones, Brigham Young Univ. | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Pressure Enhanced Fusion Rates in Lattice Channels | theory, pressure | ||||
| 1821 | Journal Article | Jandel, M. | 1990 | Cold Fusion in a Confining Phase of Quantum Electrodynamics | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Cold Fusion in a Confining Phase of Quantum Electrodynamics | theory, electrodynamics, gamma phase | ||||||||
| 1822 | Journal Article | Jandel, M. | 1992 | The Fusion Rate in the Transmission Resonance Model | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | The Fusion Rate in the Transmission Resonance Model | theory, resonance | ||||||||
| 1823 | Journal Article | Jarmie, N., Brown, N. E. | 1985 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions with Hydrogen Isotopes | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = B10/11 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions with Hydrogen Isotopes | branching ratio | ||||||||
| 1824 | Journal Article | Jaworski, W | 1987 | Computation of the Electron Density of States in Non-Stoichiometric PdHx by the Recursion Method | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 17 | Computation of the Electron Density of States in Non-Stoichiometric PdHx by the Recursion Method | PdH, Density Of States | ||||||||
| 1825 | Journal Article | Jayaraman, K. S. | 2008 | Cold fusion hot again | Nature India | Cold fusion hot again | The Indian government, which abandoned cold fusion research 16 years ago, is now being advised by its top scientists to revive it. The recommendation stems from a meeting of a galaxy of leading nuclear physicists, metallurgists and electrochemists at the National Institute of Advanced Studies held in Bangalore on January 9. | doi:10.1038/nindia.2008.77 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JayaramanKcoldfusion.pdf | |||||||
| 1826 | Journal Article | Jensen, L. C., Mortensen, K. S. | 1990 | Beyond fusion, annihilation reactions of confined hydrogen | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 417 | Beyond fusion, annihilation reactions of confined hydrogen | Theory, antineutron | ||||||||
| 1827 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, X. L., Xu, N., Han, L. J. | 1990 | Point-Effect and Non-equilibrium Conditions in Electrolysis Experiments | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 801 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Point-Effect and Non-equilibrium Conditions in Electrolysis Experiments | theory | ||||
| 1828 | Journal Article | Jiang, S., Yang, G., Wang, S. | 1993 | Coulomb screening effect of deuterium-ion in metal - numerical solution of nonlinear Poisson equation | Lanzhou Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban [J. Lanzhou Univ. (Nat. Sci), Vol = 29, Num = 2, Page = 70 (In Chinese) | Coulomb screening effect of deuterium-ion in metal - numerical solution of nonlinear Poisson equation | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1829 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, X. L., Han, L. J. | 1996 | Concentrated Energy and Micro Nuclear Fusion | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 580 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Concentrated Energy and Micro Nuclear Fusion | Cold fusion, Electrolysis, Field enhancement, concentrated energy | For a electrolysis cell, high persistent electrical fields(> I 0 7 V/cm) and large equivalent capacitance on cathode surface lead to a high concentrated energy density in the double layer. The enhancement of localized fields due to normally existing protrusion or cracks after long period loading with deuterium on the palladium cathode surface conducts high transient current density. Nonequilibrium conditions lead to the occurrence of energy concentration, the current filamentation and the chaotic processes in the lattice for the fusion reaction to occur. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=179 | |||
| 1830 | Journal Article | Jiang, X., Han, L | 1997 | Non-equilibrium conditions of electrolysis and abnormal nuclear phenomena | Nucl. Phys. Rev. (China), Vol = 14 | Non-equilibrium conditions of electrolysis and abnormal nuclear phenomena | Theory | ||||||||
| 1831 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, X. L., Chen, C. Y, Fu, D. F, Han, L. J., Kang, W. | 1998 | Tip Effect and Nuclear-Active Sites | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 175 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Tip Effect and Nuclear-Active Sites | transmutation, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, layer, neutron, x-ray, heat+, surface analysis, ICCF-7 | A high energy concentration in the double layer on the cathode surface is tempospatially observed with the existence of anomalous nuclear transmutation in electrolytic cells. In view of the fact that the energy concentration is associated with protrusions and cracks on the palladium cathode surface, the tip effect model and related nonlinear processes are considered to account for the anomalies of the experimental phenomena. Autoradiography exposure films illustrating the traces of transmutation products of a beta decay type are presented. For the highly oriented traces of charged particles with the energies in the order of ke V s, it is allowed to assume the occurrence of micro nuclear reactions(MNR) confmed by lattice channeling effect of host metals The mechanism of such MNR could be explaned by the effects of virtual neutrons and electron capture, or the neutron transfer reactions in a lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=175 | ||
| 1832 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, X. L., Han, L. J., Kang, W. | 1998 | Anomalous Element Production Induced by Carbon Arcing Under Water | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 172 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Anomalous Element Production Induced by Carbon Arcing Under Water | transmutation, arc, H2O, carbon, ICCF-7 | There exist various phenomena for electric discharge in water, such as radiation with wide bands, collective ion acceleration, electron degeneracy and Fermi linear atoms etc. which occur in dense state of matter in stars. The arcing has been created in the gap between two purified carbon rods in de-ionized water. The original carbon rods contained a few parts per million(ppm) iron, and carbon detritus produced by carbon arcing contained up to thousands ppm of iron were determined by an atomic emission spectroscope. It is deduced that the plasma filaments with superdense matter due to micropinch effect make nuclear transmutation possible. Elements of Cr, Co, Zn etc. have been also found in the carbon detritus. The excess of iron isotope Fe-58 comparing with natural iron was determined by neutron activation analysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=172 | ||
| 1833 | Journal Article | Jiang, X. L. | 1998 | Channeling Effects and Nuclear Reactions in Electrochemical Systems | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 2/3, Page = 84 | Channeling Effects and Nuclear Reactions in Electrochemical Systems | theory | ||||||||
| 1834 | Journal Article | Jiang, X. L., Han, L. J. | 1999 | Dynamic Casimir Effect in an Electrochemical Systems | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 47 | Dynamic Casimir Effect in an Electrochemical Systems | Casimir theory | ||||||||
| 1835 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, X. L., Wen, X.-W., Han, L. J. | 2002 | Torsion field effect and axion model in electrical discharge systems | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Torsion field effect and axion model in electrical discharge systems 4008 | ICCF-9, CR-39, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, theory | |||||
| 1836 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, X., Zhou, X., Liu, C., Wang, L., Zhang, Z. | 2006 | Anomalous Nuclear Phenomena Assocoated with Ultrafast Processes | 7th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | iscmns.org | Asti, Italy | Anomalous Nuclear Phenomena Assocoated with Ultrafast Processes | theory | Quantum physics predicts the existence of an underlying sea of zero-point energy at every point in the universe. If the zero-point energy is real, there is the possibility that it can be tapped as a source of power or be harnessed to generate a propulsive force for space travel. In our previous papers, anomalous excess heat and localized nuclear reactions on the surface of electrodes in electrolysis cells have been observed. A physical model of transient vortex dynamics with torsion coherence with the zero point energy has been proposed by Xingliu Jiang based on the ultrafast processes of triple phases area of tip effect on the electrode surface. Considering the large equivalent capacitance of electrochemical double layer, it is presumed that the double layer can exhibit nonlinear electrical response with spatial and temporal variations confined to microscopic areas by tip effect. Experimental results of transient processes with ultrafast phenomena with nanosecond duration in electrical discharge systems including electrolysis cells have been presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JiangXanomalousn.pdf | ||||
| 1837 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, S., He, M., Yue, W., Qi, B., Liu, J. | 2007 | Observation of 3He and 3H in the volcanic crater lakes: possible evidence for natural nuclear fusion in deep Earth | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Observation of 3He and 3H in the volcanic crater lakes: possible evidence for natural nuclear fusion in deep Earth | Mantle helium and other volatiles may be released to volcanic crater lakes. This paper presents the observation of 3H and mantle helium in the crater Lakes Nemrut (Turkey), Laacher (Germany) and Pavin (France). The presence of excess 3H in the lakes can be explained as material released from mantle sources because of the correlation of excess 3H with mantle 3He and 4He. The helium concentration was much higher in the bottom layers of the lakes. The 4He and 3He concentrations in Lakes Nemrut, Laacher, and Pavin were determined to be 25 and 190; 10 and 50; and 70 and 500 times larger than the atmospheric saturation value, respectively. The isotopic ratio of the excess helium, 3Heex/4Heex, in Lakes Nemrut, Laacher and Pavin was (1.032?0.006)?10^-5, (7.42?0.03)?10^-6 and (9.09?0.01)?10^6 respectively. The ratios clearly indicate that large amounts of helium isotopes are released to the lakes from a mantle source. The excess 3H at the bottom of Lakes Nemrut, Laacher and Pavin is estimated to be 3.7?1.4 TU, ~1.4 TU and ~4 TU respectively. Detection of tritium in the Earth's interior is key evidence for natural nuclear fusion in the Earth. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JiangSobservatio.pdf | ||||||
| 1838 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, S. | 2008 | New results of charged particle released from deuterium-loaded metal at low temperature | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | New results of charged particle released from deuterium-loaded metal at low temperature | Charged particle | We have suggested that the mantle 3He and 3H might have originated from natural nuclear fusion (d-d and d-p reaction, or other reactions) in deep Earth. Encouraged by this new idea, we tried to recreate nuclear fusion at low temperature in the laboratory. This paper describes charged particles emitted from the deuterium-loaded titanium foil and powder at low temperature. Although the counts are very low (about 0.13 counts/h), fortunately, broad and narrow peaks are observed for the deuterium-loaded titanium foil and TiD-Mo sample respectively. The charged particle is identified as proton having energy of about 2.8 MeV after exiting the sample. We suggest that the proton might originate from d‑d reaction in the samples. Then the d-d reaction rate is calculated to be 1.4 x 10^-24 fusion/d-d?ec for the deuterium-loaded titanium foil sample. On the other hand, no charged particles were observed above the background level for deuterium-loaded titanium powder sample. Therefore, this work provides a positive result of nuclear fusion for the metal foil samples, but a negative result for the powder samples. The negative result of the deuterium-loaded titanium powder sample suggests that the reaction yield might be correlated with deuterium density, or it may be correlated with microscopic variations in the deuterium-loaded titanium materials. The negative result also indicates that d-d reaction catalyzed by ?-meson from cosmic ray can be excluded in this experiment. The present work may be helpful to the further study on the physical mechanism of nuclear fusion in deuterium (hydrogen)-loaded metals and also helpful to the study of origin of 3He in the deep Earth. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JiangSnewresults.pdf | |||||
| 1839 | Conference Proceedings | Jiang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. | 2009 | Nuclear Transmutation in Non- equilibrium Systems by Ultra-closed Range Casimir Effect | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Nuclear Transmutation in Non- equilibrium Systems by Ultra-closed Range Casimir Effect | Quantum physics predicts the existence of an underlying sea of zero-point energy at every point in the universe. The breakthrough of seeing, understanding and devising a converter of the energy available in quantum oscillation might be the opening point of an energy filled 21st century for humanity. It is well known that phenomena of electrical discharge always bring on transient energy concentration temporally and spatially. Highly localized nuclear activation in electrochemical systems and other electrical discharge processes had been observed at many laboratories in the world. Based on the theory of vortex dynamics, the strange phenomena of 'cold fusion', such as the excess heat, anomalous nuclear transmutation and so forth, are considered to be interpretable by torsion coherence with the zero-point energy induced by localized intense field emission of micro-protrusion of the cathode, and the dynamic Casimir effect of transient evolution of triple region of gas, liquid solution, and electrode protrusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=85 | |||||
| 1840 | Journal Article | Jiang, S.-S., Xu, X.-M., Zhu, L., Gu, S.-G., Ruan, X., He, M., Qui, B. | 2012 | Anomalous Neutron Burst Emissions in Deuterium-Loaded Metals: Nuclear Reaction at Normal Temperature | Chin. Phys. Lett., Vol = 29, Num = 11 | Anomalous Neutron Burst Emissions in Deuterium-Loaded Metals: Nuclear Reaction at Normal Temperature | neutron | ||||||||
| 1841 | Journal Article | Jiang, S., Xu, X., Zhu, L., Gu, S., Ruan, X., He, M., Qui, B., Li, X. Z. | 2014 | Neutron burst emissions from uranium deuteride and deuterium-loaded titanium | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 253-263 Neutron burst emissions from uranium deuteride and deuterium-loaded titanium | neutron | This paper reports a new result of anomalous neutron emission, or called cascade neutron bust emission, from deuterium-loaded titanium and uranium deuterium samples at room temperature. The number of neutron in the large bursts was measured up to 2800 in less than 64-??s interval. After accidental artifact noise and cosmic-ray source are ruled out, we suggest that the anomalous cascade neutron bursts are correlated with deuterium-loaded metals and probably is the result of nuclear reaction occurring in the samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=263 | ||||||
| 1842 | Conference Proceedings | Jianyu, H., Rongbao, Z., Xiaozhong, W., Feng, L., Longjun, L., Hengjun, L., Jincai, J., Baosheng, T., Guoan, C., Yuan, Y., Baiting, D., Liucheng, Y., Shengzhong, Q., Guoan, Y., Hua, G., Dazhao, D., Menlove, H. O. | 1990 | Experimental Study on Anomalous Neutron Production in Deuterium/Solid System | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 193 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Experimental Study on Anomalous Neutron Production in Deuterium/Solid System | Pd, Ti, D2O, D neutron | ||||
| 1843 | Journal Article | Jin, S., Ding, Y., Liu, Y., Wu, B., Yao, D. | 1990 | The possibilities of cold nuclear fusion of deuterium | Chin. Phys. Lett., Vol = 7 | The possibilities of cold nuclear fusion of deuterium | Theory, plasma | ||||||||
| 1844 | Journal Article | Jin, S., Zhang, F., Yao, D., Wang, Q., Wu, B., Feng, Y., Chen, M. | 1991 | Anomalous nuclear effects in palladium-deuterium systems during the gas discharge process | Gaojishu Tongxun, Vol = 1, Num = 5, Page = 25 (In Chinese) | Anomalous nuclear effects in palladium-deuterium systems during the gas discharge process | Ion bombardment, D2, particle emission, CR-39, PdD | ||||||||
| 1845 | Conference Proceedings | Jin, S., Zhang, F., Yao, D., Wu, B. | 1991 | Anomalous Nuclear Events in Deuterium Palladium Systems | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 145 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Anomalous Nuclear Events in Deuterium Palladium Systems | Pd, particle emission, D2, deloading, CR-39, gas diacharge, ICCF-2 | Intense bursts of charged particles far Larger than background have been reproducibly detected for the first time by using CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector during either a high voltage discharge between deuterated palladium electrodes or a non-equilibrium out-diffusion of deuterons in palladium. No any anomalous effects were found in the controL experiments of Pd-H system under the same experimental conditions. This indicates that some anomalous nu clear effects were definately produced in the Pd-D system under certain conditions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=160 | ||
| 1846 | Journal Article | Jin, S. X., Ding, Y. B., Wu, B. L., Liu, Y. Z., Yao, D. C. | 1991 | The possibilities of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | Science in China A, Vol = 34 | The possibilities of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | theory | ||||||||
| 1847 | Conference Proceedings | Jin, S., Zhan, F., Liu, Y. | 1993 | Deuterium Absorbability and Anomalous Nuclear Effect of YBCO High Temperature Superconductor | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 4 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Deuterium Absorbability and Anomalous Nuclear Effect of YBCO High Temperature Superconductor | YBCO, superconductor, D, particle emission, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1848 | Journal Article | Jin, S. X., Zhang, F. X., Liu, Y. Z., Shi, W. Q., Ou, W., Liu, S. X., Liu, X. J. | 1994 | Deuterium absorbability and anomalous nuclear effect of YBCO high temperature superconductors | Chin. Sci. Bull., Vol = 39, Num = 2, Page = 101 | Deuterium absorbability and anomalous nuclear effect of YBCO high temperature superconductors | superconductor, CR-39, D2, particle emission, YBa2Cu3O7 | ||||||||
| 1849 | Journal Article | Jin, S. X., Fox, H. | 1996 | Possible palladium-related nuclear reactions | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 192 | Possible palladium-related nuclear reactions | transmutation, theory, Pd | ||||||||
| 1850 | Journal Article | Jin, S. X., Fox, H. | 1996 | Characteristics of High-Density Charge Clusters: A Theoretical Model | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 192 | Characteristics of High-Density Charge Clusters: A Theoretical Model | theory, charge cluster | ||||||||
| 1851 | Journal Article | Johnson, K. H., Clougherty, D. P. | 1989 | Hydrogen-hydrogen/deuterium-deuterium bonding in palladium and the superconducting/electrochemical properties of PdHx/PdDx | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 3 | Hydrogen-hydrogen/deuterium-deuterium bonding in palladium and the superconducting/electrochemical properties of PdHx/PdDx | Theory, Jahn-Teller | ||||||||
| 1852 | Conference Proceedings | Johnson, K. H. | 1994 | Jahn-Teller Symmetry Breaking and Hydrogen Energy in g-PdD 'Cold Fusion' as Storage of Latent Heat of Water | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 84 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Jahn-Teller Symmetry Breaking and Hydrogen Energy in g-PdD 'Cold Fusion' as Storage of Latent Heat of Water | theory | ||||
| 1853 | Journal Article | Johnson, K. H. | 1994 | Jahn-Teller Symmetry Breaking and Hydrogen Energy in g-PdD 'Cold Fusion' | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 427 | Jahn-Teller Symmetry Breaking and Hydrogen Energy in g-PdD 'Cold Fusion' | theory, Jahn-Teller | ||||||||
| 1854 | Conference Proceedings | Johnson, R., Melich, M. E. | 2008 | Weight of Evidence for the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Weight of Evidence for the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | review | D. Cravens and D. Letts have analyzed a portion (167 papers) of the published literature reporting on D2O electrolysis experiments such as Fleischmann and Pons's (FP). They identify four criteria for what constitutes a 'proper' FP experiment and state that experiments that satisfy all four criteria are likely to succeed in producing excess heat, while those that do not are likely to fail. This paper presents results of using a Bayesian network for probabilistic analysis of this claim. Consideration of a small subset of the papers (eight) is sufficient to give a likelihood ratio of about 10 to 1 in favor, and this number appears to grow generally rapidly, though not monotonically, as more papers are added to the set. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JohnsonRweightofev.pdf | |||||
| 1855 | Journal Article | Johnson, R., Melich, M. E. | 2011 | Weight of Evidence for the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Weight of Evidence for the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | Bayesian networks, Cold fusion, Fleischmann-Pons effect,Weight of evidence | Cravens and Letts [1] have analyzed a portion (167 papers) of the published literature reporting on D2O electrolysis experiments such as Fleischmann and Pons's (FP). They identify four criteria for what constitutes a 'proper' FP experiment and state that experiments that satisfy all four criteria are likely to succeed in producing excess heat, while those that do not are likely to fail. This paper presents results of using a Bayesian network for probabilistic analysis of this claim. Consideration of a small subset of the papers (12) is sufficient to give a likelihood ratio of about 28 to 1 in favor, and this number appears to grow generally rapidly, though not monotonically, as more papers are added to the set. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=233 | ||||||
| 1856 | Journal Article | Joncich, M. J., Hackerman, N. | 1953 | The Reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen on Submerged Platinum Electrode Catalysts. I. Effect of Stirring, Temperarture and Electric Polarization | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 57 | The Reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen on Submerged Platinum Electrode Catalysts. I. Effect of Stirring, Temperarture and Electric Polarization | H2, O2, recombination, Pt | ||||||||
| 1857 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E. | 1986 | Muon-Catalysed Fusion Revisited | Nature (London), Vol = 321 | Muon-Catalysed Fusion Revisited | muon, theory | ||||||||
| 1858 | Journal Article | Jones, S. | 1989 | Bibliography | Nature (London), Vol = 321 | Bibliography | neutron review | ||||||||
| 1859 | Conference Proceedings | Jones, S. E. | 1989 | Anomalous Neutron Emission in Metal- Deuterium Systems | Riken Conference on Muon-Catalyzed and Cold Fusion | Tokyo, Japan | November 1989 | Anomalous Neutron Emission in Metal- Deuterium Systems | neutron, Pd, D2O | ||||||
| 1860 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E., Palmer, E. P., Czirr, J. B., Decker, D. L., Jensen, G. L., Thorne, J. M., Taylor, S. F., Rafelski, J. | 1989 | Observation of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Observation of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 1861 | Conference Proceedings | Jones, S. E., Bartlett, T. K., Buehler, D. B., Czirr, J. B., Jensen, G. L., Wang, J. C. | 1990 | Preliminary Results from the BYU Charged-Particle Spectrometer | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 387 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Preliminary Results from the BYU Charged-Particle Spectrometer | Pd, D2, particle emission, method | ||||
| 1862 | Conference Proceedings | Jones, S. E., Bennion, D., Buehler, D. B., Czirr, J. B., Decker, D. L., Harb, J., Hunter, R., Jensen, G. L., Palmer, E. P., Pitt, W. G., Taylor, S. F., Thorne, J. M., Tolley, D., Wang, C., Menlove, H. O., Paciotti, M. A., Jeschovnig, P., Wolf, K. L., Cecil, E., Totsuka, Y., Anderson, D. M. | 1990 | In Quest of a Trigger Mechanism for Neutron Emissions from Deuterium/Solid Systems | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 206 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | In Quest of a Trigger Mechanism for Neutron Emissions from Deuterium/Solid Systems | Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||
| 1863 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E., Palmer, E. P., Czirr, J. B., Decker, D. L., Jensen, G. L., Thorne, J. M., Taylor, S. F., Rafelski, J. | 1990 | Anomalous nuclear reactions in condensed matter: recent results and open questions | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 199 | Anomalous nuclear reactions in condensed matter: recent results and open questions | review, critique, neutron | ||||||||
| 1864 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E., Decker, D. L., Tolley, H. D. | 1990 | (No title) (Scientific correspondence) | Nature (London), Vol = 343 | (No title) (Scientific correspondence) | critique, Jones | ||||||||
| 1865 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E. | 1991 | Nuclear reactions in deuterated solids versus excess heat claims | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Nuclear reactions in deuterated solids versus excess heat claims | review | ||||||||
| 1866 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E. | 1992 | Current issues in cold fusion research: heat, helium, tritium, and energetic particles | Surf. Coatings Technol., Vol = 51 | Current issues in cold fusion research: heat, helium, tritium, and energetic particles | theory, review, critique | ||||||||
| 1867 | Conference Proceedings | Jones, S. E., Jones, D., Shelden, D., Taylor, S. F. | 1993 | Search for Neutron, Gamma, and X-ray Emissions from Pd/LiOD Electrolytic Cells: A Null Result | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 26 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Search for Neutron, Gamma, and X-ray Emissions from Pd/LiOD Electrolytic Cells: A Null Result | Pd D2O, neutron, gamma emission, electrolysis ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1868 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E., Jones, D., Shelton, D. S., Taylor, S. F. | 1994 | Search for Neutron, Gamma, and X-Ray Emissions From Pd/LiOD Electrolytic Cells: A Null Result | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 143 | Search for Neutron, Gamma, and X-Ray Emissions From Pd/LiOD Electrolytic Cells: A Null Result | Pd, D2O, neutron, x-ray, electrolysis, negative | ||||||||
| 1869 | Journal Article | Jones, J. E., Hansen, L. D., Jones, S. E., Shelton, D. S., Thorne, J. M. | 1995 | Faradaic efficiencies less than 100% during electrolysis of water can account for reports of excess heat in 'cold fusion' cells | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 99 | Faradaic efficiencies less than 100% during electrolysis of water can account for reports of excess heat in 'cold fusion' cells | recombination, critique | ||||||||
| 1870 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E., Hansen, L. D. | 1995 | Examination of claims of Miles et al in Pons-Fleischmann-Type cold fusion experiments | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 99 | Examination of claims of Miles et al in Pons-Fleischmann-Type cold fusion experiments | critique, Miles heat He | ||||||||
| 1871 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E., Hansen, L. D., Shelton, D. S. | 1998 | An assessment of claims of excess heat in cold fusion calorimetry | J. Phys. Chem. B, Vol = 102 | An assessment of claims of excess heat in cold fusion calorimetry | critique, Miles heat 4He | ||||||||
| 1872 | Journal Article | Jones, S. E. | 2000 | Chasing anomalous signals: the cold fusion question | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Chasing anomalous signals: the cold fusion question | neutron | What should a scientist do with an anomalous experimental result (one which flies in the face of prevailing theories), which is statistically significant (at the five sigma + level), yet which cannot be repeated at will? This is the problem which plagued us early on in our non-plasma or 'cold' fusion experiments which began in spring 1986 at Brigham Young University, 2.5 years before we heard of the ostensibly-related work of Drs. Pons and Fleischmann.? It is a question which haunts us still. I invite the reader to seriously consider the question posed above: what would you do with such data? If you walk away from an anomalous result, you could miss something important.? Indeed, is it scientifically honest to ignore such data? One can argue that scientific instruments often show 'glitches,' and this is probably just one of these . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JonesSEchasingano.pdf | ||||||
| 1873 | Conference Proceedings | Jones, S. E., Ellsworth, J. | 2003 | Geo-fusion and Cold Nucleosynthesis | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Geo-fusion and Cold Nucleosynthesis | geology | In our 1986 and 1989 papers, we discussed the hypothesis of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter and particularly in the planets. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on geo-fusion research, then to consider an important extension of the cold-fusion idea: 'cold nucleosynthesis' in condensed matter.? Cold nucleosynthesis experiments are underway at Brigham Young University. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JonesSEgeofusiona.pdf | |||
| 1874 | Conference Proceedings | Jones, S. E., Keeney, F., Johnson, A., Buehler, D. B., Cecil, F. E., Hubler, G. K., Hagelstein, P. L., Ellsworth, J., Scott, M. | 2003 | Neutron Emissions from Metal Deuterides | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Neutron Emissions from Metal Deuterides | neutron, Ti, D2 | We present evidence for neutrons emanating from partially-deuterided titanium foils (TiDx) subjected to non-equilibrium conditions.1 A previous paper presented data for complementary charged-particle emissions.?? Metal processing and establishing non-equilibrium conditions appear to be important keys to achieving significant nuclear-particle yields and repeatability. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JonesSEneutronemi.pdf | |||
| 1875 | Conference Proceedings | Jones, S. E., Keeney, F., Johnson, A., Buehler, D. B., Cecil, F. E., Hubler, G. K., Hagelstein, P. L., Ellsworth, J., Scott, M. | 2003 | Charged-particle Emissions from Metal Deuterides | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Charged-particle Emissions from Metal Deuterides | charged particle, titanium | We present evidence for energetic charged particles emanating from partially-deuterided titanium foils (TiDx) subjected to non-equilibrium conditions. To scrutinize emerging evidence for low-temperature nuclear reactions, we investigated particle yields employing three independent types of highly-sensitive, segmented particle detectors over a six-year period.? One experiment measuring neutron emission from TiDx foils showed a background-subtracted yield of 57 ? 13 counts per hour.? (The neutron experiments will be discussed in a separate paper.)? A second experiment, using a photo-multiplier tube with plastic and glass scintillators and TiDx registered charged particle emissions at 2,171 ? 93 counts/hour, over 400 times the background rate.?? Moreover, these particles were identified as protons having 2.6 MeV after ex-iting the TiDx foil array.? In a third experiment, coincident charged particles consistent with protons and tritons were observed with high reproducibility in two energy-dispersive ion-implanted detectors located on either side of 25-micron thick Ti foils loaded with deuterium.? Our overall data therefore strongly sug-gest low-level nuclear fusion in deuterided metals under these conditions according to the fusion reactions d + d ? n(2.45 MeV) + 3He(0.82 MeV)? and? d + d ? p(3.02 MeV) + t(1.01 MeV), with other nuclear reactions being possible also.? Important advances were particle identifications, and repeatability exceed-ing 70% for coincident charged particle emissions. Metal processing and establishing non-equilibrium conditions appear to be important keys to achieving significant nuclear-particle yields and repeatability. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JonesSEchargedpar.pdf | |||
| 1876 | Report | Jones, R. L. | 2005 | Unconventional Science (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Ministry of Defence | Unconventional Science (PowerPoint slides) | review | |||||||
| 1877 | Journal Article | Jordan, K. C., Blanke, B. C., Dudley, W. A. | 1967 | Half-Life of Tritium | J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 29 | Half-Life of Tritium | tritium, half-life | ||||||||
| 1878 | Conference Proceedings | Jorgensen, C. K. | 1989 | Chemistry of Unsaturated Quarks | Molecular Structures and Energetics | Liebman, J. F., Greeberg, A. | VCH Publishers, NY | Chemistry of Unsaturated Quarks | quarks, theory | ||||||
| 1879 | Journal Article | Jorgensen, C. K. | 1989 | Scenarios for nuclear fusion in palladium-deuterium alloys at ambient temperatures | Chimia, Vol = 43 | Scenarios for nuclear fusion in palladium-deuterium alloys at ambient temperatures | theory | ||||||||
| 1880 | Conference Proceedings | Jorne, J | 1990 | Stress-Induced Uphill Diffusion of Deuterium in Palladium | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 236 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York1 | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Stress-Induced Uphill Diffusion of Deuterium in Palladium | Pd, D, diffusion, stress, theory | ||||
| 1881 | Journal Article | Jorne, J. | 1990 | Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium: the existence of negatively charged deuteride ions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium: the existence of negatively charged deuteride ions | Theory, D-, lithium PdD structure | ||||||||
| 1882 | Journal Article | Jorne, J. | 1990 | Unsteady diffusion reaction of electrochemically produced deuterium in palladium rod | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 137 | Unsteady diffusion reaction of electrochemically produced deuterium in palladium rod | Theory, loading, diffusion, PdD | ||||||||
| 1883 | Journal Article | Jorne, J. | 1991 | Neutron and gamma-ray emission from palladium deuteride under supercritical conditions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Neutron and gamma-ray emission from palladium deuteride under supercritical conditions | Pd D2, nonequilibrium, neutron gamma emission | ||||||||
| 1884 | Journal Article | Jorne, J. | 1994 | Neutron emission studies during the electrolysis of deuterium by using BaCeO3 solid electrolyte and palladium electrodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Neutron emission studies during the electrolysis of deuterium by using BaCeO3 solid electrolyte and palladium electrodes | Solid electrolyte, D2, BaCeO3, proton conductor neutron | ||||||||
| 1885 | Journal Article | Jorne, J. | 1996 | Ultrasonic irradiation of deuterium-loaded palladium particles suspended in heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | Ultrasonic irradiation of deuterium-loaded palladium particles suspended in heavy water | ultrasonic, Pd, neutron, D2, accustic | ||||||||
| 1886 | Journal Article | Josephs, H. C. | 1998 | Nuclear Processes in Palladium Deuteride | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | Nuclear Processes in Palladium Deuteride | theory | ||||||||
| 1887 | Conference Proceedings | Josephson, B. | 2004 | Pathological Disbelief | Nobel Laureates meeting | Lindau | July, 2004 | Pathological Disbelief | critique | The 'generally accepted view' regarding a phenomenon can be wrong in two ways: (a) a non-existent phenomenon is considered real (e.g. N-rays, polywater); or (b) a real phenomenon is considered nonexistent (e.g. continental drift, meteorites) Langmuir's much-quoted lecture on Pathological Science dealt with case (a); the interest here is in case (b). What makes the scientific establishment, in some cases, vehemently deny phenomena for which there is strong evidence? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JosephsonBpathologic.pdf | ||||
| 1888 | Conference Proceedings | Josephson, B. | 2004 | Good and Bad Ways to do Science (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Good and Bad Ways to do Science (PowerPoint slides) | Review | |||||||
| 1889 | Conference Proceedings | Josephson, B. | 2004 | Abstract for 'Pathological Disbelief' | Nobel Laureates meeting | Lindau | July, 2004 | Abstract for 'Pathological Disbelief' | critique | This document comes from the web site for the lecture series Meetings of Nobel Laureates in Lindau. See: http://www.lindau-nobel.de/content/view/19/32/ This introduces Josephson's talk delivered in 2004. The PowerPoint slides from that presentation are listed below. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/JosephsonBabstractfo.pdf | ||||
| 1890 | Journal Article | Joule, J. P. | 1841 | On the Heat evolved by Metallic Conductors of Electricity, and in the Cells of a Battery during Electrolysis | Philosophical Magazine, Vol = 19, Num = 124, Page = 260 | On the Heat evolved by Metallic Conductors of Electricity, and in the Cells of a Battery during Electrolysis | https://books.google.com/books?id=hJEOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA260#v=onepage&q&f=false | ||||||||
| 1891 | Journal Article | Jow, T. R., Plichta, E., Walker, C., Slane, S., Gilman, S. | 1990 | Calorimetric studies of deuterated Pd electrodes | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 137, Num = 8, Page = 2473 | Calorimetric studies of deuterated Pd electrodes | Pd, electrolysis, heat-, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 1892 | Journal Article | Joyce, C. | 1989 | Unlucky Break for the Friends of Cold Fusion | New Scientist | Unlucky Break for the Friends of Cold Fusion | history | ||||||||
| 1893 | Journal Article | Julin, P., Bursill, L. A. | 1991 | Dendritic surface morphology of palladium hydride produced by electrolytic deposition | J. Solid State Chem., Vol = 93 | Dendritic surface morphology of palladium hydride produced by electrolytic deposition | electrolysis, Pd, H2O, TEM, surface, dendrite, particle | ||||||||
| 1894 | Book | Jung, P. | 1991 | Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gasses in Solids Diffusion and Clustering of Helium in Noble Metals | J. Solid State Chem., Vol = 93 | Donnelly, S. E., Evans, J. H. | Plenum Press, NYJung, P. | Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gasses in Solids Diffusion and Clustering of Helium in Noble Metals | 4He, diffusion, Au, Ag, Cu | ||||||
| 1895 | Journal Article | Kainthla, R. C., Szklarczyk, M., Kaba, L., Lin, G. H., Velev, O. A., Packham, N. J. C., Wass, J. C., Bockris, J. | 1989 | Eight chemical explanations of the Fleischmann-Pons effect | J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 14, Num = 11, Page = 771 | Eight chemical explanations of the Fleischmann-Pons effect | theory, chemical, critique | ||||||||
| 1896 | Journal Article | Kainthla, R. C., Velev, O. A., Kaba, L., Lin, G. H., Packham, N. J. C., Szklarczyk, M., Wass, J. C., Bockris, J. | 1989 | Sporadic observation of the Fleischmann-Pons heat effect | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34 | Sporadic observation of the Fleischmann-Pons heat effect | electrolysis, D2O, Pd, heat+, current density | An examination has been made of the heat production at ten palladium electrodes, each prepared in a different way. Seven of these produced heat during D2 evolution in a D2 -O2 electrolysis cell (no recombination attempted) which coincided precisely with the prediction of classical electrochemical theory, and thus eliminated the suspicion of heat through unintended D2 -O2 recombination. Three electrodes clearly produced an excess heat of ~2-5 watts-cm^-3. The heat was observed for periods of 10-33 hrs. In one electrode the excess heat production 'shut off' (after 33 hrs) with no apparent cause: it did not return in five days of further electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KainthlaRCsporadicob.pdf | ||||||
| 1897 | Report | Kalff, P. J., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G. | 1961 | Enkele Experimenten Aan Metaal-Zuurstof-Tritiumsystemen | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34 | Philips Corporation | Library, Repository hosted by TU Delft Enkele Experimenten Aan Metaal-Zuurstof-Tritiumsystemen | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity | This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library: http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:9ce8ae9a-8ff7-4c94-9e6b-e67841c4e9ab/tn2014-00267.pdf This paper is in Dutch. It includes a Summary in English: The investigations by van de Vate, Reifenschweiler and van de Ligt into the temperature-resistant properties of finely dispersed metal-tritium systems have been supplemented by experiments on titanium-oxygen-tritium systems, mainly intended for the purposes of orientation. In these experiments both the tritium and the oxygen pressure were varied and the influence of these variations on the composition of the temperature-resistant residue was ascertained. A further experiment was carried out with neodynium powder. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KalffPJenkeleexpe.pdf | |||||
| 1898 | Conference Proceedings | Kaliev, K., Baraboshkin, A. N., Samgin, A. L., Golikov, E., Shalyapin, A., Andreev, V. S., Golubnichii, P. I. | 1992 | Reproducible Nuclear Reactions during Interaction of Deuterium with Oxide Tungsten Bronze | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 241 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Reproducible Nuclear Reactions during Interaction of Deuterium with Oxide Tungsten Bronze | neutron+, NaWO3, tungsten bronze, D2, ICCF-3 | The possibility of essential increase of rate of carring out nuclear reactions with participance of deuterium in solids representing solid electrolytes with cation-electronic conductivity has been shown in the paper. It is found out that strict maintenance of experiment parameters leads to completely qualitatively reproduced results: generation of neutrons and heat at introduction of deuterium into the system. Tungsten bronze single-crystals were depleted of Na by heating in vacuum with an electric field followed by reaction with D2 gas. This process was repeated many times. Neutron production was observed when the D was added and when it was pumped out. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=243 | ||
| 1899 | Conference Proceedings | Kaliev, K., Sverdlov, N., Istomin, Y., Golikov, E., Butrimov, V., Babaeva, D., Vasnin, G., Fyoferov, V. | 1993 | The Initiation of Reproductive Nuclear Reactions in the Structures of the Oxide Tungsten Bronze | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 21 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | The Initiation of Reproductive Nuclear Reactions in the Structures of the Oxide Tungsten Bronze | KWO3, D20, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1900 | Journal Article | Kaliev, K. A., Baraboshkin, A. N., Samgin, A. L., Golikov, E., Shalyapin, A., Andreev, V. S., Golubnichii, P. I. | 1993 | Reproducible nuclear reactions during interaction of deuterium with oxide tungsten bronze | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 172 | Reproducible nuclear reactions during interaction of deuterium with oxide tungsten bronze | ion bombardment, neutron, NaWO3 | ||||||||
| 1901 | Journal Article | Kaliev, K. A., Baraboshkin, A. N., Samgin, A. L., Golikov, E., Shalyapin, A., Andreev, V. S., Golubnichii, P. I. | 1993 | Reproducible nuclear reactions by interaction of deuterium with tungsten oxide bronze | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Vol = 330, Num = 2, Page = 214 (in Russian) | Reproducible nuclear reactions by interaction of deuterium with tungsten oxide bronze | tungsten bronze, ion bombardment, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 1902 | Journal Article | Kalinin, V. B. | 1993 | On the question of the possibility of cold nuclear fusion at the point of ferroelectric phase transition in K2DPO4 | Neorg. Mater., Vol = 29, Num = 5, Page = 656 (in Russian) | On the question of the possibility of cold nuclear fusion at the point of ferroelectric phase transition in K2DPO4 | review, theory, ferroelectrics | ||||||||
| 1903 | Journal Article | Kalinin, V. B. | 1995 | Dipole ordering, ionic conductivity, and cold nuclear fusion: three types of cation mobility in the orthophosphates KTiOPO4, Na3M2(PO4)3 (M = Sc, Fe, Cr), NaTh2(PO4)3, KD2PO4, and related compounds | Inorg. Mater., Vol = 31 | Dipole ordering, ionic conductivity, and cold nuclear fusion: three types of cation mobility in the orthophosphates KTiOPO4, Na3M2(PO4)3 (M = Sc, Fe, Cr), NaTh2(PO4)3, KD2PO4, and related compounds | theory, proton conductor fractofusion ferroelectric | ||||||||
| 1904 | Journal Article | Kalman, P., Keszthelyi, T. | 2017 | Cooperative Internal Conversion Process | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Cooperative Internal Conversion Process | Internal conversion and extranuclear effects, Other topics of nuclear reactions: speci?c reactions, Other topics in nuclear engineering and nuclear power studies, Radioactive wastes, Waste disposal | This paper presents a theoretical discussion of a new phenomenon, called the `cooperative internal conversion process', in which the coupling of bound-free electron and neutron (or proton) transitions due to the dipole term of their Coulomb interaction, which permits cooperation of two nuclei leading to neutron (or proton) exchange if that is allowed by energy conservation. General expressions of the cross section of the processes are reported in the case of one particle nuclear and spherical shell models as well as in the case of free atoms (e.g. noble gases). A half-life characteristic of the process is also determined. As numerical examples, the cooperative internal conversion process by neutron exchange in Ne and by proton exchange in Al are dealt with. The processes may have significance in fields of nuclear waste disposal and nuclear energy production. As a generalization, cooperative internal conversion process by heavy charged particle exchange is discussed, and as an example of it, the cooperative internal conversion process by triton exchange is also discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=135 | ||||||
| 1905 | Journal Article | Kalman, P., Keszthelyi, T. | 2017 | Recoil Assisted Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Recoil Assisted Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Fusion and fusion-fission reactions, 2H-induced nuclear reactions, Nucleon induced reactions | Low energy nuclear processes, which are strongly hindered by Coulomb repulsion between the reacting nuclei, are investigated in solid environment. It is shown that this hindering effect may be essentially weakened (it practically disappears) if one takes into account the Coulomb interaction of one of the reacting particles with the surroundings. It is obtained that if the modification of the wave function due to Coulomb interaction with charged constituents of the environment is taken into account applying standard perturbation calculation of quantum mechanics then waves of high momentum with small amplitude are mixed to the initial wave of small momentum. This may be interpreted as the slow, quasi-free heavy particle of positive charge pushes a heavy particle of the environment and they can obtain (virtually) such a great magnitude of momentum (of opposite direction) in the intermediate state in that the probability of nuclear reaction with another positively charged, slow, heavy particle significantly increases. This magnitude of (virtual) momentum is determined by energy and momentum conservation between initial and final states. The mechanism (called recoil assistance) opens the door to a great variety of nuclear processes that are now thought to have negligible rate at low energies. The recoil assisted nuclear $pd$ reaction is investigated like a sample reaction numerically. A partial overview of low energy nuclear reactions allowed by recoil assistance and leading to nuclear transmutations is presented. A critical analysis of Fleischmann-Pons type low energy nuclear reaction experiments is also presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=148 | ||||||
| 1906 | Conference Proceedings | Kamada, K. | 1992 | Electron Impact H-H and D-D Fusions in Molecules Embedded in Al | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 551 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Electron Impact H-H and D-D Fusions in Molecules Embedded in Al | particle emission D, H2, Al, CR-39, electron bombardment ICCF-3, helium | Both H-H and D-D fusion reactions, detected via high energy particle emission on CR-39, are shown to occur when 200 and 400 keV electrons are bombarded onto H+ or D+ ion implanted Al thin crystals. Roughly 1-2?103 particle emissions, including both hydrogen and helium isotopes, in whole space were observed in each case. Collisions between recoilled D atoms due to the high energy electron impact give only 10-12 to 10-26 times smaller fusion rates than the experimental results. The present observations suggest the presence of a new kind of fusion reaction which occurs with negligible kinetic energy of the reacting nuclei. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=289 | ||
| 1907 | Journal Article | Kamada, K. | 1992 | Electron impact H-H and D-D fusions in molecules embedded in Al. 1. Experimental results | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 31, Num = 9, Page = L1287 | Electron impact H-H and D-D fusions in molecules embedded in Al. 1. Experimental results | Al, ion bombardment, D2, H2, CR-39, particle emission | This paper is similar to the ICCF3 paper from the same author: Kamada, K. Electron Impact H-H and D-D Fusions in Molecules Embedded in Al. in Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion'. 1992. Nagoya Japan: Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, which can be found here: http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=289 This library has only the abstract and DOI of the paper. The full paper can be downloaded from the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Here is the Abstract: Both H-H and D-D fusion reactions, detected via high energy particle emission on CR-39, are shown to occur when 200 and 400 keV electrons are bombarded onto H+ or D+ ion implanted Al thin crystals. Roughly 1-2?103 particle emissions, including both hydrogen and helium isotopes, in whole space were observed in each case. Collisions between recoilled D atoms due to the high energy electron impact give only 10-12 to 10-26 times smaller fusion rates than the experimental results. The present observations suggest the presence of a new kind of fusion reaction which occurs with negligible kinetic energy of the reacting nuclei. Hydrogen and deuterium were embedded into Al and then bombarded by electron beams of 200 keV and 400 keV. Fusion events during the bombardment were detected by a CR39 polymer film, as charged particles. Fusion was detected for both hydrogen and deuterium in the Al, not strongly dependent on the energy of the electrons. The author is able to differentiate the rates of fusion not due to and due to electron-hydrogen/deuterium collisions and concludes that most of the fusion is not due to such collisions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KamadaKelectronim.pdf | ||||||
| 1908 | Conference Proceedings | Kamada, K., Kinoshita, H., Takahashi, H. | 1995 | Anomalous Heat Evolution of Deuteron Implanted Al on Electron Bombardment | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 41 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Anomalous Heat Evolution of Deuteron Implanted Al on Electron Bombardment | Al, D2, ion implantation, heat+, electron bombardment, ICCF-5 | Anomalous heat evolution was observed in deuteron imp lanted Al fol ls on 175 keV electron bombardment. Local regions with linear dimension of several 100 nm showed simultaneous transformation from single crystalline to polycrystalline structure instantaneously on the electron bombardment, indicating the temperature rise up to more than melting point of Al from room temperature. The amount of energy evolved was more than 180 MeV for each transformed region . The transformation was never observed in proton implanted Al foi ls. The heat evolution was presumed to be due to a nuclear reaction in D2 molecular collections. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=57 | ||
| 1909 | Journal Article | Kamada, K., Kinoshita, H., Takahashi, H. | 1996 | Anomalous heat evolution of deuterium-implanted Al upon electron bombardment | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 35 | Anomalous heat evolution of deuterium-implanted Al upon electron bombardment | Al, ion bombardment, heat+, TEM, D2, H2 | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: Anomalous heat evolution was observed for the first time in deuteron-implanted Al foils upon 175 keV electron bombardment. Local regions with linear dimension of more than 100 nm showed simultaneous transformation from single-crystalline to polycrystalline structure within roughly one minute during the electron bombardment, indicating a temperature rise to above the melting point of Al from room temperature. The amount of energy evolved was estimated to be typically 160 MeV for each transformed region. The transformation was never observed in proton-implanted Al foils. Microstructures in the subsurface layer of the implanted Al, investigated by elastic recoil detection (ERD) method and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were presented for numerical discussions of the experimental results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KamadaKanomalousha.pdf | ||||||
| 1910 | Conference Proceedings | Kamada, K., Katano, Y., Ookubo, N., Yoshizawa, I. | 2000 | Anomalous Heat Evolution of Deuteron Implanted Al upon Electron Bombardment IV | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 341 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Anomalous Heat Evolution of Deuteron Implanted Al upon Electron Bombardment IV | ion implanation, Al, electron bombardment, heat+, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 1911 | Journal Article | Kamada, K. | 2001 | Heating of deuteron implanted Al on electron bombardment and its possible relation to 'cold fusion' experiment | Fusion Eng. Des., Vol = 55 | Heating of deuteron implanted Al on electron bombardment and its possible relation to 'cold fusion' experiment | ion implanation, Al heat | ||||||||
| 1912 | Conference Proceedings | Kamimura, H., Senjuh, T., Miyashita, S., Asami, N. | 1996 | Excess Heat in Fuel Cell Type Cells from Pure Pd Cathodes Annealed at High Temperatures | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 45 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Excess Heat in Fuel Cell Type Cells from Pure Pd Cathodes Annealed at High Temperatures | heat+, loading, electrolysis, Pd, D2O D/Pd, ICCF-6 | An excess heat measured as a rise of cell temperature from a calibration curve has been observed in fuel-cell type cells using pure palladium cathodes and apparently depended on their thermal treatments. All the Pd cathodes tested were at least 99.99 (??our nines?) pure, but the treatment conditions of the cathodes appear to have affected the loading ratios and presence of excess heat. The Pd cathodes exhibiting excess heat were annealed for ten hours at a high temperature (850 or 1000 ?) in a high vacuum environment. The excess heat from the samples ranged from 7-18 % of the electric input power. However, these results should be confirmed with a flow calorimetry system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=60 | ||
| 1913 | Conference Proceedings | Kamiya, N., Sakai, Y., Watanabe, Y., Yamazaki, O., Motohira, N., Ota, K., Mori, K. | 1996 | Effect of cold work of palladium on electrolytic hydrogen absorption | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 203 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Effect of cold work of palladium on electrolytic hydrogen absorption | Pd, cold work, loading, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-6 | The effect of cold work of Pd has been studied to find out the mechanism of hydrogen absorption in the Pd crystal. The HlPd decreased with extending the cold working. With the 30% cold working specimen, the HlPd was 0.924. On the contrary, only 0.842 was obtained for the 90% cold working specimen. The stagnant potential obtained by the current interruption method well corresponded with the HlPd. Absorbed hydrogen was found to diffuse mainly into bulk. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=218 | ||
| 1914 | Journal Article | Kamm, G. N., Ehrlich, A. C., Gillespie, D. J., Powers, W J. | 1989 | Search for neutrons from a titanium-deuterium system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Search for neutrons from a titanium-deuterium system | Ti, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 1915 | Journal Article | Kandasmy, K., Lewis, F. A., McKee, S. G. | 1998 | Hydrogen Chemical Potentials and Phase Transitions in Palladium Black Electrodeposits | Surf. Coatings Technol., Vol = 35 | Hydrogen Chemical Potentials and Phase Transitions in Palladium Black Electrodeposits | Palladium Black, pressure | ||||||||
| 1916 | Magazine Article | Kaneko, K. | 2008 | Jouon kakuyuugou - gensyou no kaimei wa doko made susunda ka? | Nikkei Ecology | March 2008 | Jouon kakuyuugou - gensyou no kaimei wa doko made susunda ka? | Review | |||||||
| 1917 | Newspaper Article | Kaneko, K. | 2016 | 'Cold Fusion' in U.S. patent, successful replication, re-evaluation is accelerating (translation) | Nihon Keizai Shimbun | 'Cold Fusion' in U.S. patent, successful replication, re-evaluation is accelerating (translation) | excess heat, review, conference | A description of the research projects at Tohoku U and Kobe U. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KanekoKcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 1918 | Journal Article | Kapali, V., Ganesan, M., Kulandainathan, M. A., Mideen, A. S., Sarangapani, K. B., Balaramachandran, V., Iyer, S. V., Muthuramalingam, B. | 1994 | Comparison of electrochemical behaviour of the Pd-NaOD and Pd-NaOH systems' | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 264 | Comparison of electrochemical behaviour of the Pd-NaOD and Pd-NaOH systems' | electrolyusis, Pd, diffusion, cluster, D2O, H2O, loading, OCV, surface | ||||||||
| 1919 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Observation at Gas-Discharge Device Cathode | Anniversary Specialist Conf. on Nucl. Power Eng. in Space | Obninsk, Russia | May 15-19, 1990 | Cold Fusion Observation at Gas-Discharge Device Cathode | Gas Discharge, Pd, heat+, neutron | ||||||
| 1920 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1990 | Nuclear reactions at the cathode in a gas discharge | Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 16, Num = 6, Page = 463 | Nuclear reactions at the cathode in a gas discharge | ion bombardment, D2, Pd, neutron, heat+ | ||||||||
| 1921 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1991 | The investigation of deuterium nuclei fusion at glow discharge cathode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | The investigation of deuterium nuclei fusion at glow discharge cathode | ion bombardment D2, heat+ neutron gamma emission radioactivity | ||||||||
| 1922 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1992 | Possible Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms at Glow Discharge in Deuterium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 165 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Possible Nuclear Reactions Mechanisms at Glow Discharge in Deuterium | Pd, Gas discharge, ion implantation, transmutation, D2, ICCF-3 | Experimental results of impurity concentration measurements in palladium cathode by different methods before and after glow discharge in deuterium experiments are presented. Some very strange elements which we could not find in discharge environment can be seen. An attempt to understand this situation on the basis of fission and fusion in Pd-d system is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABpossiblenu.pdf | ||
| 1923 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1992 | Nuclear product ratio for glow discharge in deuterium | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 170 | Nuclear product ratio for glow discharge in deuterium | ion bombardment, Pd neutron, heat+, Helium, gamma emission particle emission, x-ray | New results for glow discharge in deuterium calorimetry are presented. In separate experiments a heat output five times exceeding the input electric power was observed. The result for the charged particle spectrum measurement is presented. Charged particles with energies up to 18 MeV and an average energy of 2-4 MeV were seen. Beams of gamma-rays with energies of about 200 keV and a characteristic X-ray radiation were registered. The summed energy of the registered products is three orders short of the values needed to explain the calorimetric results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABnuclearpro.pdf | ||||||
| 1924 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1994 | Impurities in Cathode Material and Possible Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms in Glow Discharge | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 170 | Impurities in Cathode Material and Possible Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms in Glow Discharge | Gas Discharge, fusion, fission, Pd | ||||||||
| 1925 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Kolomeychenko, S. A., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1995 | High Energy Phenomena in Glow Discharge Experiments | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 241 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | High Energy Phenomena in Glow Discharge Experiments | gas discharge D2, Pd, Zr, Mo, Nb gamma emission neutron, ion bombardment, particle emission ICCF-5 | The experimental results of the nuclear product registration are presented in this paper. In our previous experiments with glow discharge in deuterium excess heat release, neutrons, gamma and charged particle emission have been observed. New data on emission of radiation (neutrons, gamma and x-ray's, heavy charged particles, fast electrons) and an electric processes near the cathode provide clear understanding of the specific nuclear processes involved into the reported observations. A possible mechanism for the initiation of these reactions is suggested. Pd, Zr, Nb and Mo cathodes bombarded by D, H and inert gases. Delayed and prompted gamma detected. Excited states of Pd found in emissions. Low level neutrons detected. Charged particles of He, Li, B and C with energies of 5-6 MeV. Evidence for nuclear conversion electrons. An energy addition process is proposed as excited ions add energy to the nucleus until a nuclear reaction occurrs. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=42 | ||
| 1926 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Kucherov, Y., Savvatimova, I. B. | 1995 | Excess Heat Measurements in Glow Discharge Using Flow 'Calorimeter-2' | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 223 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Excess Heat Measurements in Glow Discharge Using Flow 'Calorimeter-2' | gas discharge heat+, D2 Pd, gamma emission particle emission, radiation, surface analysis, ion bombardment ICCF-5 | Experimental facts and results of heat and electric power measurements (including nuclear products) are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=24 | ||
| 1927 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 1996 | Excess heat registration in high current density glow discharge with various cathode materials | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 463 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Excess heat registration in high current density glow discharge with various cathode materials | excess heat | Experimental facts and results of heat and electric power measurements (including nuclear products) with various cathode materials are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=62 | |||
| 1928 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 1996 | Registration of High-Energy Products in High Current Density Glow Discharge | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 468 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Registration of High-Energy Products in High Current Density Glow Discharge | glow discharge, particles | The experimental results of the High-Energy Products registration are presented in this paper. In our previous experiments with glow discharges in deuterium [ 1 ,2,3] excessive heat release, neutron, gamma and charged particle emission have been observed. Results of research high-voltage ( up to a few tens kV ) and high current (up to hundreds A) pulses of a nanosecond duration are submitted. Amplitude spectra of a voltage of pulses for the discharge in H2, D2, Ar are received. Results of measurement electronic and x-ray emission cathode samples after switch off of a discharge current in the area from 2 ke V up to 1 Me V are indicated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=67 | |||
| 1929 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 1996 | Possible Phenomenologycal Model of Initiation of Nuclear Reactions in Solid | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 473 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Possible Phenomenologycal Model of Initiation of Nuclear Reactions in Solid | On the basis of experimental results possible model of processes of transformation of energy of a flux low energy ions in a solid is considered, which includes: generation optical pole phonons with energy 1-500 e V, in a solid at the expense of components of nuclear deceleration of a ions flux, multi cascade unharmonic processes of the third and fourth orders ( merge two and three phonons in one with a increase of frequency) and formation of populated level of nucleuses with effective phonon in temperature up to a few tens and hundreds keY (a phonon laser ofP. Hagelstein), Interaction populated of phonon levels with electrons and generation of fast electron beams ( electronic laser) is discussed. Opportunity of realization between nucleuses with such phonons by excitation of nuclear reactions of a following type is considered: A + B = c* + D* These reactions can be resonant (long-haul acting) under a following condition: the difference between energy of reaction by received new nucleuses C* and D* and energy of excited nuclear levels C* and D* is size small ( up to a few tens keV). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=72 | ||||
| 1930 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S. | 2000 | Correct Measurement of DD-Reaction Yield and X-ray in a High-Current Deuterium Glow Discharge Operating at 0.85-1.20 kV Voltage Applied | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 473 | Correct Measurement of DD-Reaction Yield and X-ray in a High-Current Deuterium Glow Discharge Operating at 0.85-1.20 kV Voltage Applied | |||||||||
| 1931 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2000 | Analysis of Experimental Results on Excess Heat Power Production, Impurity Nuclides Yield in the Cathode Material and Penetrating Radiation in Experiments with High-Current Glow Discharge | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 329 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Analysis of Experimental Results on Excess Heat Power Production, Impurity Nuclides Yield in the Cathode Material and Penetrating Radiation in Experiments with High-Current Glow Discharge | gas discharge, D2, ion bombardment, gamma emission, transmutation, x-ray ICCF-8 | So far a considerable collection of results on Excess Heat registration, the cathode material impurity nuclides yield (with changed natural isotopes ratio) and generation of high-energy penetrating radiation (fast electrons, X-ray and gamma emissions) has been accumulated in experiments with high-current Glow Discharge. Analysis of these results allows one to assess possible basic processes going on in the cathode material exposed to high-current Glow Discharge (GD). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABanalysisof.pdf | ||
| 1932 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2002 | Excess heat power, nuclear products and X-ray emission in relation to the high current glow discharge experimental parameters | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Excess heat power, nuclear products and X-ray emission in relation to the high current glow discharge experimental parameters 4009 | ICCF-9, gas discharge, transmutation, heat, X-ray | Experimental results on Excess Heat power production (up to 10-15 W), stable impurity elements yield (13C, 40Ca, 44Ca, 48Ti, 56Fe, 57Fe, 59Co, 64Zn, 66Zn, 75As, 107Ag, 109Ag, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114Cd, up to 1013 atoms/sec), heavily charged particles emission (3 MeV protons and 14 MeV a-particles up to 10-15 sec?? -1) and soft X-ray (up to 100 Roentgen/sec) obtained upon the glow discharge cathode in relation to the high-current glow discharge operating parameters (the discharge current up to 100 mA and voltage up to 2000 V) are reported. A possible mechanism of initiating non-equilibrium nuclear reactions producing excess heat power and impurity elements yield is discussed. The mechanism of initiating non-equilibrium nuclear reactions is supposed to be connected with forming the long term excited LM levels of the electronic shells (energy of 0.5-3.0keV) of the solid body ions when bombarding the cathode sample surface by the plasma ions of the glow discharge. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABexcessheata.pdf | |||
| 1933 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2002 | X-ray emission in the high-current glow discharge experiments | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | X-ray emission in the high-current glow discharge experiments 4010 | ICCF-9, gas discharge, D2, X-ray, laser | X-ray emission with energy of 1.5 - 2 keV and intensity up to 100 R\sec was registered in the experiments with the high-current glow discharge in deuterium and hydrogen for cathodes made of Pd and other metals. The presence of two x-ray components: diffusion x-ray emission and x-ray emission in the form of laser beams were established by experiments. The laser x-ray emission was registered some msec later after turning off the current. The continuous mode of generating a laser x-ray beam with the diameter of 9mm and power of up to 10 W at the efficiency coefficient of electrical discharge power conversion into the x-ray laser emission up to 20% was obtained in some experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABxrayemissi.pdf | |||
| 1934 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2003 | Experimental Research Into Secondary Penetrating Radiation When Interacting X-Ray Beams Of Solid Laser With Various Materials Targets | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Experimental Research Into Secondary Penetrating Radiation When Interacting X-Ray Beams Of Solid Laser With Various Materials Targets | glow discharge, x-rays | We report the results of experiments on secondary penetrating radiation produced when primary x-ray beams from a solid-state cathode interact with targets made of various materials. The experiments were carried out in a high-current glow discharge device1 with various gases (H2, D2, Kr, Xe) and metal cathode samples (made of Al, Sc, Ti, Ni, Nb, Zr, Mo, Pd, Ta, W, or Pt). The targets are shields made of various foil materials (Al, Ti, Ni, Zr, Yb, Ta, and W) with a thickness of 10-30 ?. The target samples were mounted at a distance of 21cm, and 70 cm, from the cathode. A scintillation detector using a photomultiplier was used to record the secondary radiation. In these experiments, recording of the radiation time history was carried out just before, and after, the discharge current pulses (with no discharge current). It was shown that the secondary radiation consisted of fast electrons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABexperiment.pdf | |||
| 1935 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2003 | Production Of Excess Heat, Impurity Elements And Unnatural Isotopic Ratios Formed At Excited Long-Lived Atomic Levels With Energy Of More Than 1 keV In A Solid Cathode Medium During High-Current Glow Discharge | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Production Of Excess Heat, Impurity Elements And Unnatural Isotopic Ratios Formed At Excited Long-Lived Atomic Levels With Energy Of More Than 1 keV In A Solid Cathode Medium During High-Current Glow Discharge | glow discharge | Results recorded for excess heat power in experiments with a high-current glow discharge in D2 , Xe and Kr, when using preliminary deuterated Pd and Ti cathode samples are given. The excess heat power up to 10-15W and efficiency up to 150 % was recorded for the experiments with Pd cathode samples in D2 discharge. The excess heat power up to 5W and efficiency up to 150 % was recorded for the preliminary deuterated Pd cathode samples in Xe and Kr discharges. At the same time the excess heat power was not observed for pure Pd cathode samples in Xe, Kr discharges. Production of impurity nuclides (7Li, 13C, 15N, 20Ne, 29Si, 44Ca, 48Ca, 56Fe, 57Fe, 59Co, 64Zn, 66Zn, 75As, 107Ag, 109Ag, 110Cg, 111Cg, 112Cg, 114Cg, 115In) at a rate of up to 10^13 atoms/s was recorded. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABproduction.pdf | |||
| 1936 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Kolomeychenko, S. A. | 2003 | Experiments Charactorizing the X-ray Emission from a Solid-state Cathode using a High-current Glow Discharge | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Experiments Charactorizing the X-ray Emission from a Solid-state Cathode using a High-current Glow Discharge | glow discharge, x-rays | X-ray emission (with intensity up to 0.01 Gy/s) was recorded in research on a possible mechanism of initiating nuclear transmutation reactions in a solid-state cathode medium in glow discharge experiments. The experiments were carried using a glow discharge1 with deuterium and hydrogen (at pressures up to 10Torr), and using various cathode metals (Al, Sc, Ti, Ni, Nb, Zr, Mo, Pd, Ta, W, Pt and Pb). The x-rays were recorded using thermoluminescent detectors, x-ray film, and scintillation detectors with photomultipliers. Two different modes of the emission were observed during these experiments: (1) Diffusion x-rays were observed as separate x-ray bursts (up to 10^5 bursts a second and up to 10^6 x-ray quanta in a burst) with an average x-rays energy (from measurements using thermoluminescent detectors) in the range of 1.3-1.8keV. (2) X-rays as laser microbeams (up to 10^4 beams a second and up to 10^9 x-ray quanta in a burst). The emission of the x-ray laser beams occurred during the discharge, and within 100ms after turning off the discharge current. The results obtained constitute a direct experimental proof for the existence of excited metastable energy levels with energies in the range 1.2-5.0keV, within the solid-state cathode sample. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABexperimenta.pdf | |||
| 1937 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2004 | Excess Heat Production In Pd/D During Periodic Pulse Discharge Current Of Various Conditions | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Excess Heat Production In Pd/D During Periodic Pulse Discharge Current Of Various Conditions | glow diacharge, transmutation | Experimental data from low energy nuclear reactions (LERN) in condensed media are presented. The nuclear reactions products were found in solid cathode media used in glow discharge. Apparently, the nuclear reactions were initiated when bombarding the cathode surface by plasma ions with the energy of 1.0-2.0 keV. Excess heat from a high current glow discharge reaction in D2 , Xe and Kr using cathodes already charged with preliminary deuterium-charged Pd and Ti cathode samples are given. Excess heat up to 10 - 15 W and efficiency up to 130% was recorded under the experiments for Pd cathode samples in D2 discharge. Excess heat up to 5 W and efficiency up to 150% was recorded for Pd cathodes that were charged with deuterium before the run, in Xe and Kr discharges. At the same time excess heat was not observed for pure Pd cathode samples in Xe and Kr discharges. The formation of impurity nuclides (7Li, 13C, 15N, 20Ne, 29Si, 44Ca, 48Ca, 56Fe, 57Fe, 59Co, 64Zn, 66Zn, 75As, 107Ag, 109Ag, 110Cg, 111Cg, 112Cg, 114Cg, 115In) with the efficiency up to 1013 atoms/s was recorded. The isotopic ratios of these new nuclides was quite different from the natural ratios. Soft X-ray radiation from the solid-state cathode with the intensity up to 0.01Gy/s was recorded in experiments with discharges in H2, D2 , Ar, Xe and Kr. The X-ray radiation was observed in bursts of up to 106 photons, with up to 105 bursts per second while the discharge was formed and within 100 ms after turning off the discharge current. The results of the X-ray radiation registration showed that the exited energy levels have a lifetime up to 100 ms or more, and the energy of 1.2 - 2.5 keV. A possible mechanism for producing excess heat and nuclear transmutation reactions in the solid medium with the exited energy levels is considered.. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABexcessheatb.pdf | |||||
| 1938 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2004 | Research Into Characteristics Of X-Ray Emission Laser Beams From Solid-State Cathode Medium Of High-Current Glow Discharge | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Research Into Characteristics Of X-Ray Emission Laser Beams From Solid-State Cathode Medium Of High-Current Glow Discharge | glow discharge, x-rays | X-ray emissions ranging 1.2 - 3.0 keV with dose rate up to 1.0 Gy/s have been registered in experiments with high-current Glow Discharge. The emissions energy and intensity depend on the cathode material; the kind of plasma-forming gas; and the discharge parameters. The experiments were carried out on the high-current glow discharge device using D2 , H2, Kr and Xe at pressure up to 10 Torr, as well as cathode samples made from Al, Sc, Ti, Ni, Nb, Zr, Mo, Pd, Ta, W, Pt, at current up to 500 mA and discharge voltage of 500-2500 V. Two emission modes were revealed under the experiments: 1. Diffusion X-rays was observed as separate X-ray bursts (up to 5?10^5 bursts a second and up to 10^6 X-ray quanta in a burst); 2. X-rays in the form of laser microbeams (up to 10^4 beams a second and up to 1010 X-ray of quanta in a beam, angular divergence was up to 10^-4, the duration of the separate laser beams must be τ =3?10^-13 - 3?10^-14 s, the separate beam power must be 10^7 - 10^8 W). The emission of the X-ray laser beams occurred when the discharge occurred and within 100 ms after turning off the current. The results of experimental research into the characteristics of secondary penetrating radiation occurring when interacting primary X-ray beams from a solid-state cathode medium with targets made of various materials are reported. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABresearchin.pdf | |||||
| 1939 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2005 | Research Into Low Energy Nuclear Reactions In Cathode Sample Solid With Production Of Excess Heat, Stable And Radioactive Impurity Nuclides | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Research Into Low Energy Nuclear Reactions In Cathode Sample Solid With Production Of Excess Heat, Stable And Radioactive Impurity Nuclides | glow discharge, excess heat | Results on measurements of excess heat power, impurity nuclides yield, gamma and X-ray emission in experiments with high-current glow discharge (GD) in D2 , Xe and Kr are presented. The cathode samples used in the experiments were made of Pd, V, Nb, Ta. In experiments with Pd cathode samples in D2 GD, the recorded excess heat power amounted to 10 - 15 W and the estimated efficiency (the output thermal power in relation to the input electric power) was up to 130%. Excess heat power up to 5 W, and efficiency up to 150% was recorded for deuterium precharged Pd cathode samples in Xe and Kr discharges. Production of impurity nuclides with atomic masses less than and more than that of the cathode material was registered. Considerable deviation from the natural isotopic ratio was observed for the registered elemental impurities. X-ray emission was measured in H2, D2 , Ar, Xe and Kr GD during the GD operation and after the GD current switch off (up to several hours afterwards) with the help of thermo-luminescent detectors (TLD), X-ray film and scintillator detectors with photomultipliers. The recorded energetic spectra of X-ray emission range 0.5 - 10 keV. Weak gamma-emission (up to 1,000 events per second) was registered in certain experimental conditions. The X-ray spectra include both (bands of) the continuum and multiple lines with energies ranging 0.1 - 3.0 MeV. The possible mechanism for production of the excess heat power, elemental impurities, gamma and X-ray emission is also considered. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABresearchina.pdf | ||||
| 1940 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2005 | Study Of Energetic And Temporal Characteristics Of X-Ray Emission From Solid-State Cathode Medium Of High-Current Glow Discharge | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Study Of Energetic And Temporal Characteristics Of X-Ray Emission From Solid-State Cathode Medium Of High-Current Glow Discharge | glow discharge, x-rays | Experimental results on X-ray emission characteristics from the cathode material in the high-current Glow Discharge (GD) are presented. The X-ray emission ranging 0.6 - 6.0 keV and more with the dose rate up to 0.01 J/s has been registered. Two emission modes were obtained in the experiments: (1) diffusion X-rays were observed as separate X-ray bursts (up to 5 x 10^5 bursts a second and up to 10^6 X-ray quanta in a burst); (2) X-rays in the form of laser micro-beams were registered (up to 10^4 beams per second and up to 10^10 X-ray of quanta in a beam, angular divergence being up to 10^-4, the duration of separate laser beam about τ=3 x 10^-13 - 3 x 10^-14 s, the estimated separate beam power of 10^7 - 10^8 W). The emission of the X-ray laser beams occurred during the GD operation, and, after the GD current switch off. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABstudyofene.pdf | ||||
| 1941 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2006 | Experimental Research on 0.5 -- 10 keV High-Energy Process Resulting from H2 and D2 Ions Flux Interaction with Cathode Solid in Electric Discharge | 7th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | iscmns.org | Asti, Italy | Experimental Research on 0.5 -- 10 keV High-Energy Process Resulting from H2 and D2 Ions Flux Interaction with Cathode Solid in Electric Discharge | glow diacharge | X-ray emission ranging 0.5 - 10.0 keV with the dose power rate up to 0.01 J/s emanating from the cathode solid in the high-current Glow Discharge has been registered in earlier experiments. The X-rays were recorded during the Glow Discharge operation and after the Glow Discharge current switch off. Presumably the observed X-ray emission proceeds as a result of relaxation of excited energetic levels in the cathode solid medium. These excited levels are formed during the exposure of the cathode sample solid surface to the effect of the ions flux produced by plasma or electrolyte medium. The energetic and temporal characteristics of the X-ray emission have been studied with reference to the cathode material used, the kind of plasma-forming gas and the Glow Discharge operational parameters. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABexperimentb.pdf | ||||
| 1942 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B. | 2006 | Scientific Research Project: Experimental Research And Development Of Heat Power Supply Prototype Based On High-Energy Processes In Solid Medium Interacting With Hydrogen Ions Flux | 7th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | iscmns.org | Asti, Italy | Scientific Research Project: Experimental Research And Development Of Heat Power Supply Prototype Based On High-Energy Processes In Solid Medium Interacting With Hydrogen Ions Flux | glow diacharge | Scientific investigation in the field of New Hydrogen Power Engineering aimed at finding new effective ways of energy production has been carried out for years by researchers of several countries. The concept of this investigation is based on phenomenon of interaction between deuterium and hydrogen ions, on one hand, and the solid medium (of Pd, Ti and other materials), on the other hand. The said interaction was studied in experiments with electrolysis, electric gas discharge and gas diffusion. At present a huge collection of stable 100%-reproduced results on Excess Heat power production has been accumulated. In most experiments the correlation of the relative output Excess Heat power to the input (electric) power does not exceed 10-20%. This scientific approach is now well recognized by the leading groups of researchers and scientific associations (such as the American Physical Society, the American Nuclear Society, the Los Alamos US National Laboratory, the US Livermore Lawrence National Laboratory and others.) despite the lack of widely familiar theoretical instrument for the description of the physical phenomena in question. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KarabutABscientific.pdf | ||||
| 1943 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Karabut, E. A. | 2008 | Electric and Heat Measurements in High Voltage Electric Discharge System Experiments | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Electric and Heat Measurements in High Voltage Electric Discharge System Experiments | glow discharge | |||||||
| 1944 | Conference Proceedings | Karabut, A. B., Karabut, E. A. | 2008 | Research into Energy Spectra of X-ray Emission from Solid Cathode Medium During High Current Glow Discharge Operation and after the Glow Discharge Current Switch Off | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Research into Energy Spectra of X-ray Emission from Solid Cathode Medium During High Current Glow Discharge Operation and after the Glow Discharge Current Switch Off | glow discharge | |||||||
| 1945 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Karabut, E. A. | 2012 | Experimental results on Excess Heat Power, Impurity Nuclides and X-ray Production in Experiments with a High-Voltage Electric Discharge System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Experimental results on Excess Heat Power, Impurity Nuclides and X-ray Production in Experiments with a High-Voltage Electric Discharge System | Excess heat power, Glow discharge device, High voltage electrolysis cell, Long-range (resonant) nuclear reactions, Transmutation, X-ray emission | We review results on low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) processes in a high-voltage (1000-4000 V) electric discharge system. The experimental results are divided into three sets: excess heat measurements; yield of impurity nuclides (nuclear ash); x-ray measurements. Up to 8Wof excess power was observed, with a power gain of up to 170% was seen in glow discharge experiments. Up to 300 W of excess power, with a power gain up to 340% was observed in experiments using a high-voltage electrolysis cell. The impurity nuclide yield showing a shift of up to a few per cent from natural isotopic abundances was detected by spark mass spectrometry, by secondary ionic mass spectrometry, and by secondary neutral mass spectrometry. X-ray emission in the range of 0.6-6.0 keV, and up to 0.1 W/cm2 has been observed. Based on these experimental results we propose a phenomenological model for LENR based on the interaction of an electric discharge with condensed matter (of the cathode). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=208 | ||||||
| 1946 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Karabut, E. A., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2012 | Spectral and Temporal Characteristics of X-ray Emission from Metal Electrodes in a High-current Glow Discharge | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Spectral and Temporal Characteristics of X-ray Emission from Metal Electrodes in a High-current Glow Discharge | Collimated X-ray, Diffuse X-ray emission, Excited phonon mode, Glow discharge device, X-ray spectra | We have observed X-ray emission from metal cathodes in high-current (up to 500 mA) glow discharge experiments in the spectral range from 600 eV to 6 keV. The effect has been seen with a variety of different metal cathodes (including Al, Sc, Ti, V, Ni, Nb, Zr, Mo, Pd, Ta, W, and Pt), as well as with different gasses (including D2, H2, Kr, Ar, and Xe) at low pressure (10 torr). We have observed both diffuse and collimated X-ray emission. Diffuse emission occurs in bursts of X-rays; with up to 105 bursts per second, with up to 106 photons per burst. Collimated X-ray emission appears in the form of beamlets directed normal to the cathodes surface with a very small angular divergence; with up to 104 bursts per second, and up to 1013 photons overall. Switching off the glow discharge current produces substantial X-ray bursts in these experiments; and we see some bursts during the discharge, and up to 20 h after switch off. We present results from a variety of diagnostics, including: pinhole camera imaging; thermo-luminescent detector measurements; time-resolved scintillator measurements; and a curved mica spectrometer to register X-ray spectra. The spectra of the collimated X-rays shows a strong broad emission feature that is centered near 1.5 keV in many experiments. Line emission is sometimes observed in addition along with the broad feature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=226 | ||||||
| 1947 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Karabut, E. A. | 2012 | Experimental Results on Excess Power, Impurity Nuclides, and X-ray Production in Experiments with a High-voltage Electric Discharge System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 139-158 Experimental Results on Excess Power, Impurity Nuclides, and X-ray Production in Experiments with a High-voltage Electric Discharge System | Electrolysis, Excess heat, Impurity nuclides | We review results on low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) processes in a high-voltage (1000-4000 V) electric discharge system. The experimental results are divided into three sets: excess heat measurements; yield of impurity nuclides (nuclear ash); X-ray measurements. Up to 8Wof excess power was observed, with a power gain of up to 170% was seen in glow discharge experiments. Up to 300 W of excess power, with a power gain up to 340% was observed in experiments using a high voltage electrolysis cell. The impurity nuclide yield showing a shift of up to a few per cent from natural isotopic abundances was detected by spark mass spectrometry, by secondary ionic mass spectrometry, and by secondary neutral mass spectrometry. X-ray emission in the range of 0.6-6.0 keV, and up to 0.1 W/cm2 has been observed. Based on these experimental results we propose a phenomenological model for LENR based on the interaction of an electric discharge with condensed matter (of the cathode). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=145 | ||||||
| 1948 | Journal Article | Karabut, A. B., Karabut, E. A. | 2012 | Research into Excited 0.6-6.0 keV Energy Levels in the Cathode Solid Medium of Glow Discharge by X-ray Spectra Emission | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 159-175 Research into Excited 0.6-6.0 keV Energy Levels in the Cathode Solid Medium of Glow Discharge by X-ray Spectra Emission | Cathode, Glow discharge, X-ray spectra | The results of X-ray spectra registration are presented. The X-ray spectra were registered in film using a curved mica crystal X-ray spectrometer. The experiments were carried out using a high-current glow discharge device, which consisted of a water-cooling chamber, water-cooling cathode and anode units. X-ray emission was detected through a diagnostic window placed above the cathode. The discharge was performed in H2, D2, Ar, Kr and Xe at pressure ranging from 1 to 5 Torr, using cathode samples made of Al, Sc, V, Ti, Ni, Zr, Nb, Mo, Pd, Ta, and W. Current ranged from 50 up to 300 mA and discharge voltage was 1500-4300 V. A pulse-periodical power supply was used to generate the glow discharge. The X-ray spectrum were registered both as bands of the continuum with energies ranging 0.6-10.0 keV and as spots resulting from the emission of series of high-density monoenergetic X-ray beams (with energies of 0.6-10.0 keV) characterized by small angular divergence. The X-ray spectra were repeatedly recorded during the Glow Discharge operation and after the Glow Discharge current switch off (for up to 20 h afterwards). The obtained results were direct experimental evidence of excited long living energy levels with the energy of 0.6-6.0 keV in the solid cathode sample. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=165 | ||||||
| 1949 | Journal Article | Karasevskii, A. I., Matyushov, D. V., Gorodyskii, A. . | 1989 | Possibility of the nuclear reaction between deuterium nuclei in electron shells of metal ions | Ukr. Khim. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), Vol = 55 | Possibility of the nuclear reaction between deuterium nuclei in electron shells of metal ions | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 1950 | Journal Article | Karpov, S. Yu., Koval'chuk, Yu. V., Myachin, V. E., Pogorel'skii, Yu. V. | 1990 | On the possibility of a mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 5, Page = 91 (in Russian) | On the possibility of a mechanism of cold nuclear fusion | theory, chemical reaction, D2O, H2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 1951 | Conference Proceedings | Kasagi, J., Ishii, K., Hiraga, M., Yoshihara, K. | 1992 | Observation of High Energy Protons Emitted in the TiDx+D Reaction at Ed=150 keV and Anomalous Concentration of 3He | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 209 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Observation of High Energy Protons Emitted in the TiDx+D Reaction at Ed=150 keV and Anomalous Concentration of 3He | Helium, ion Bombardment Ti, D2, ion implantation,, Particle emission ICCF-3 tritium | Energetic protons were observed up to ~ 17.5 MeV i n the bombardment of 150-keV deuteron on highly deuterated Ti rods. It has been shown that these protons are originated from the D +3He reaction. The observed spectrum can be explained very well by the sequential reaction process, except for the three cases which require anomalous concentration of 3H e in TiDx . The concentration, which is severely limited at some particular places i n TiDx and seldom occurs , is considered to occur before the bombardment. Highly loaded Ti rods bombarded with 150 keV D produced H at energies up to 17.5 MeV. Shows that tritium was present in the sample before the bombardment. This tritium is located in isolated spots and is proposed to be caused by the cold fusion reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=213 | ||
| 1952 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J. | 1995 | Low Energy D+D Reactions in Metal | Genshikaku Kenkyu, Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = 37 | Low Energy D+D Reactions in Metal | ion beam | D+D reactions in various metals were investigated for the deuteron bombardment with bombarding energies at around 150 keV and below 15 keV. Energetic protons and α-particles which can never be attained in the D+D reaction were observed in bombardments with higher energy deuterons. In order to explain the spectra, reaction processes in which three deuterons are involved are considered; sequential reaction and simultaneous three-body reaction. The sequential reaction can well explain the observed bump structure, and the three-body reaction can reproduce the continuum spectral shape of protons and α-particles, although an anomalously large enhancement factor is required. For the lower energy bombardment, thick target yields for the D+D reactions in Ti were measured down to 4.7 keV. They were well explained with the astrophysical S-factors deduced from gas target measurements. This indicates that the effect of the environment is not so much different for the deuterons in Ti and in gas phase. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJlowenergyd.pdf | ||||||
| 1953 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J., Murakami, T., Yajima, T., Kobayashi, S., Ogawa, M. | 1995 | Measurements of the D + D Reaction in Ti Metal with Incident Energies between 4.7 and 18 keV | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 64 | Measurements of the D + D Reaction in Ti Metal with Incident Energies between 4.7 and 18 keV | ion-bombardment, d-d, cross section | The D+D reactions in Ti metal were investigated for the deuteron incident energies between 4.7 and 18 keV. Observed were protons, tritons and 3He particles emitted in the deuteron bombardment on TiDx. Thick target yields for the D(d, p)T and D(d, n)3He reactions were measured at bombarding energies down to 4.7 and 5.4 keV, respectively, for the first time. They were well explained with the reported astrophysical S-factors which were deduced from gas target measurements at Ed /i> 6 keV for the D(d, p)T reaction and Ed> 13.3 keV for the D(d, n)3He reaction. The cross section ratio σ(d, p)/σ(d, n) was obtained down to 6.4 keV, and was found to be constant at around 1.0 for Ed<20 keV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJmeasuremen.pdf | ||||||
| 1954 | Conference Proceedings | Kasagi, J., Yuki, H., Itoh, T., Kasajima, N., Ohtsuki, T., Lipson, A. G. | 1998 | Anomalously Enhanced D(d,p)T Reaction in Pd and PdO Observed at Very Low Bombarding Energies | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 180 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Anomalously Enhanced D(d,p)T Reaction in Pd and PdO Observed at Very Low Bombarding Energies | ion-bombardment, d-d, cross section, ICCF-7 | Yields of protons emitted in the D + D reaction in Pd and PdO thick targets were measured for bombarding energies between 2.5 and 10 keV. The obtained yields were compared with those predicted by using the parameterization of cross sections at higher energies. It was found that both of the yields for Pd and PdO are surprisingly larger than the prediction. The bombarding energy dependence of the yields are well described with screening potential parameters; Ue = 250 eV for Pd and 600 eV for PdO. The significance of a simple extrapolation of the observed enhancement is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJanomalousl.pdf | ||
| 1955 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J., Yuki, H., Baba, T., Noda, T., Taguchi, J., Galster, W. | 1998 | Energetic Protons and alpha Particles Emitted in 150-keV Deuteron Bombardment on Deuterated Ti | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 64 | Energetic Protons and alpha Particles Emitted in 150-keV Deuteron Bombardment on Deuterated Ti | ion-bombardment, d-d, cross section | Energetic charged particles have been measured in the bombardment of 150-keV deuterons on deuterated Ti. Protons and α particles were observed with energies up to ~17 and ~6.5 MeV, respectively, which can never be attained in the D+D reaction. A bump structure at around 14 MeV seen in the proton spectrum can be well explained as emitted in the sequential reaction involving three deuterons. However, protons and α particles distributed continuously up to the maximum energies can never be understood as products of the conceivable nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJenergeticp.pdf | ||||||
| 1956 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J., Yuki, H., Baba, T., Noda, T., Ohtsuki, T., Lipson, A. G. | 1998 | Strongly Enhanced DD Fusion Reaction in Metals Observed for keV D+ Bombardment | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 71 | Strongly Enhanced DD Fusion Reaction in Metals Observed for keV D+ Bombardment | ion-bombardment, d-d, cross section | The excitation functions of the yield of protons emitted in the D(d,p)T reaction in Ti, Fe, Pd, PdO and Au were measured for bombarding energies between 2.5 and 10 keV. It was found that the reaction rate at lower energies varies greatly with the host materials. The most strongly enhanced DD reaction occurs in PdO. At Ed = 2.5 keV, it is enhanced by factor of fifty from the bare deuteron rate and the screening energy deduced from the excitation function amounts to 600 eV. An enhancement of this size cannot be explained by electron screening alone but suggests the existence of an additional and important mechanism of the screening in solids. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJstronglyen.pdf | ||||||
| 1957 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J., Yuki, H., Baba, T., Noda, T., Taguchi, J., Galster, W. | 1998 | Strongly Enhanced Li + D Reaction in Pd Observed in Deuteron Bombardment on PdLix with Energies between 30 and 75 keV | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 73 | Strongly Enhanced Li + D Reaction in Pd Observed in Deuteron Bombardment on PdLix with Energies between 30 and 75 keV | ion-bombardment, d-d, cross section | Thick target yields of alpha particles emitted in the 6,7Li(d,alpha)4,5He reactions in PdLix and AuLix were measured as a function of the bombarding energy between 30 and 75 keV. It was found that the reaction rate in Pd at lower energies is enhanced strongly over the one predicted by the cross section for the reaction with bare nuclei, but no enhancement is observed in Au. A screening energy is introduced to reproduce the excitation function of the thick target yield for each metal. The deduced value for Pd amounts to 1500 ? 310 eV, whereas it is only 60 ? 150 eV for Au. The enhancement in the Pd case cannot be explained by electron screening alone but suggests the existence of an additional and important mechanism of screening in metal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJstronglyena.pdf | ||||||
| 1958 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J. | 1999 | Medium effects: nuclear reactions in solids and nucleon resonances in nuclei | Front. Sci. Ser., 28 (Nuclear Responses and Medium Effects) | Medium effects: nuclear reactions in solids and nucleon resonances in nuclei | ion bombardment, fusion rate, low energy cross section | ||||||||
| 1959 | Conference Proceedings | Kasagi, J., Yuki, H., Baba, T., Noda, T. | 2000 | Low Energy Nuclear Fusion Reactions in Solids | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 305 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Low Energy Nuclear Fusion Reactions in Solids | theory screening, cross section, ICCF-8 | The DD fusion reactions in various materials have been studied, and enhancements in the rate of the D(d,p)T fusion reaction over the Gamow function were clearly seen in the materials. Of particular interest is the fact that the reaction rate of the D+D reactions at 2.5 keV in PdO is 60 times (and in Pd 10 times) larger than in Ti, and the deduced screening energy amounts to 600 eV (300 eV). Furthermore, the subsequent study on the Li+d reactions showed large screening energy as 1.7 keV, again, in Pd metal. These cannot be explained by bound-electron screening which may give at most an energy of 20 eV for the DD reaction and of 0.3 keV for the Li+d reaction, but suggests the existence of an additional, and important, mechanism. Perhaps there is a fluidity of deuterons in metals that also reduces the Coulomb barrier between the fusing nulcei. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJlowenergyn.pdf | ||
| 1960 | Conference Proceedings | Kasagi, J. | 2008 | Screening Potential for nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Screening Potential for nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | theory | Screening for nuclear reactions in metal plays an important role in enhancing reaction cross sections in the ultra-low energy region. A simple extrapolation of the screening potential down to the thermal energy region from the keV beam experiment predicts the occurrence of 'cold fusion' D+D reactions. In the present work, results so far obtained in low-energy beam experiments will be overviewed and the origin of the screening potential will be discussed: both electronic screening and ionic screening. For ionic screening we have studied nuclear reactions in liquid metal which can be regarded as a low-temperature dense plasma. In such a condition, the classical ions contribute to the screening more strongly than the quantum electrons do. Results on the 7Li+p and 6Li+d reactions with liquid Li target will be shown. The effects of the solid-liquid phase transition are clearly seen in these reactions. It can be concluded that the ionic Debye screening is much stronger than the electronic screening in low-temperature dense plasmas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJscreeningp.pdf | |||||
| 1961 | Conference Proceedings | Kasagi, J., Iwamura, Y. | 2008 | Country History of Japanese Work on Cold Fusion | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Country History of Japanese Work on Cold Fusion | History | We briefly summarize the history of Japanese work on cold fusion after 1989. Since the excellent work performed by Prof. Arata are introduced and discussed in the special session, we try to summarize other works in Japan. The history can be divided into three periods: the 1st period is from the announcement by Fleischmann and Pons to the ICCF3 Nagoya Conference (1989 - 1993); the 2nd period is during the New Hydrogen Energy (NHE) Project (1994 - 1998); and the 3rd after the NHE project (1999 - present). Characteristics of each period and the present situation are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KasagiJcountryhis.pdf | |||||
| 1962 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J., Honda, Y. | 2016 | Screening Energy of the d+d Reaction in an Electron Plasma Deduced from Cooperative Colliding Reaction | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 127 Screening Energy of the d+d Reaction in an Electron Plasma Deduced from Cooperative Colliding Reaction | Cooperative colliding mechanism, DD reaction in metal, Liquid metal, Low-energy deuteron beam, Screening potential | We have measured protons and tritons from the d (d,p) t reaction in liquid In, Sn, Pb and Bi during the D+3 molecular deuterium beam bombardment for 15 < E < 60 keV. Observed energy spectra and yield excitation functions are anomalous and suggest that the target deuteron is also in motion. It is found that the reaction mechanism is unique to the molecular beam in such a way that one deuteron in a molecule is elastically scattered by a host metal atom and then it collides with the other to cause the d+d reaction. We call it as the cooperative colliding mechanism (CCM). Experimental data are compared with the CCM calculation and values of the screening energy of the d+d reaction are deduced. They are 380 80, 570 80, 670 100 and 490 100 eV for In, Sn, Pb and Bi, respectively. It is concluded that the screening energy of the d+d reaction in an electron plasma in metal is really large: the averaged value of 530 eV is more than ten times larger than the simple Thomas-Fermi screening prediction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=135 | ||||||
| 1963 | Journal Article | Kasagi, J. | 2017 | Opening Address, ICCF20 Conference | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Opening Address, ICCF20 Conference | Opening Address, ICCF20 Conference | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=8 | |||||||
| 1964 | Journal Article | Kashy, E., Bauer, W., Chen, Y., Galonsky, A., Gaudiello, J., Maier, M., Morrissey, D. J., Pelak, R. A., Tsang, M. B., Yurkon, J. | 1989 | Search for neutron emission from deuterium-loaded palladium | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 1, Page = R1 | Search for neutron emission from deuterium-loaded palladium | neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 1965 | Journal Article | Katinsky, S., Nagel, D. J. | 2019 | Preface | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Preface | The 21st International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science was held during the week of 3?8 June of 2018 in the Lory Student Center on the campus of Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado. ICCF-21 was organized as a single-fee turn-key conference, which incorporated the technical program, housing, meals and all events. The campus setting, where participants shared meals and were lodged in the same village. encouraged the exchange of ideas, and also the development and refreshing of relationships. There were 104 abstracts submitted, and the program accommodated 63 oral presentations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=4 | |||||||
| 1966 | Book Section | Kaushik, T. C., Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A. | 1989 | Fracture Phenomena in Crystalline Solids: A Brief Review in the Context of Cold Fusion | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Fracture Phenomena in Crystalline Solids: A Brief Review in the Context of Cold Fusion | theory | 1500 | ||||
| 1967 | Journal Article | Kaushik, T. C., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Rout, R. K., Kulkarni, L. V., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Nagvenkar, V. B. | 1990 | Preliminary report on direct measurement of tritium in liquid nitrogen treated TiDx chips | Indian J. Technol., Vol = 28 | Preliminary report on direct measurement of tritium in liquid nitrogen treated TiDx chips | Ti, D2, neutron, x-ray, tritium | ||||||||
| 1968 | Journal Article | Kaushik, T. C., Kulkarni, L. V., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M. | 1997 | Experimental investigations on neutron emission from projectile-impacted deuterated solids | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 232 | Experimental investigations on neutron emission from projectile-impacted deuterated solids | fractofusion, LiD, neutron, PdD, TiD | ||||||||
| 1969 | Journal Article | Kawai, H. | 1990 | Profile of the cold nuclear fever | Kinki Daigaku Genshiryoku Kenkyusho Nenpo, Vol = 27 | Profile of the cold nuclear fever | Review | ||||||||
| 1970 | Journal Article | Kawarabayashi, J., Takahashi, H., Iguchi, T., Nakazawa, M. | 1992 | Low level neutron detection system for cold-fusion | J. Facul. Eng., Univ. Tokyo B, Vol = 41 | Low level neutron detection system for cold-fusion | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 1971 | Journal Article | Kay, B. D., Peden, C. H., Goodman, D. W. | 1986 | Kinetics of Hydrogen Absorption by Pd(110) | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 34 | Kinetics of Hydrogen Absorption by Pd(110) | Pd, H2, absorption | ||||||||
| 1972 | Journal Article | Kay, B. D., Lykke, K. R., Buss, R. J. | 1990 | Problems with the mass spectrometric determination of tritium from cold fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 491 | Problems with the mass spectrometric determination of tritium from cold fusion | critique, tritium | ||||||||
| 1973 | Journal Article | Kazachkovskii, O. D. | 1996 | A possible mechanism for cold fusion | At. Energy, Vol = 81 | A possible mechanism for cold fusion | Theory, lattice defect | ||||||||
| 1974 | Journal Article | Kazarinov, V. E., Astakhov, I. I., Teplitskaya, G. L., Kiseleva, I. G., Davydov, A. D., Nekrasova, N. V., Kudryavtsev, D. Yu., Zhukova, T. B. | 1991 | Cathodic behaviour of palladium in electrolytic solutions containing alkali metal ions | Elektrokhimiya, Vol = 27 | Cathodic behaviour of palladium in electrolytic solutions containing alkali metal ions | electrolysis, Li, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 1975 | Journal Article | Keddam, M. | 1989 | Some comments on the calorimetric aspects of the electrochemical 'cold fusion' by M. Fleischmann and S. Pons | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34, Num = 7, Page = 995 | Some comments on the calorimetric aspects of the electrochemical 'cold fusion' by M. Fleischmann and S. Pons | critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 1976 | Journal Article | Keesing, R. G., Greenhow, R. C., Cohler, M. D., McQuillan, A. J. | 1991 | Thermal, thermoelectric, and cathode poisoning effects in cold fusion experiments | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Thermal, thermoelectric, and cathode poisoning effects in cold fusion experiments | Pd, D2O, heat- gamma emission, neutron, overvoltage, theory, Peltier | ||||||||
| 1977 | Journal Article | Keesing, R. G., Gadd, A. J. | 1993 | Thermoelectric heat pumping and the 'cold fusion' effect' | J. Phys.: Condens. Mater., Vol = 5 | Thermoelectric heat pumping and the 'cold fusion' effect' | theory, Peltier, critique | ||||||||
| 1978 | Book | Kendall, D. L. | 1990 | The Role of Imagination in Science:Two Modern Examples | J. Phys.: Condens. Mater., Vol = 5 | Keynote speech for the Twentieth Southwestern Jounior Science and Humanities Symposium, Albuquerque, 4/2/90 | Albuquerque | Editor, Series The Role of Imagination in Science:Two Modern Examples | history | ||||||
| 1979 | Journal Article | Kendl, A. | 1999 | Zehn jahre danach: Was blieb von der 'kalten Kernfusion'? ('Ten years after: what has become of 'cold fusion'?') | Skeptiker, Vol = 12, Num = 1&2, Page = 32 [in German] | Zehn jahre danach: Was blieb von der 'kalten Kernfusion'? ('Ten years after: what has become of 'cold fusion'?') | review | ||||||||
| 1980 | Conference Proceedings | Kennel, E., Kalandarachvili, A. G. | 1993 | Investigation of Deuterium Glow Discharge of the Kucherov Type | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 41 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Investigation of Deuterium Glow Discharge of the Kucherov Type | gas discharge, gamma emission, method, D2 ICCF-4 | |||||
| 1981 | Journal Article | Kennel, E. | 1996 | Proposals and biography | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 41 | Proposals and biography | biography, proposal | ||||||||
| 1982 | Conference Proceedings | Kenney, F., Jones, S., Johnson, A., Hagelstein, P. L., Hubler, G. K., Buehler, D. B., Cecil, F. E., Scott, M., Ellsworth, J. | 2003 | Charged-particle Emissions from Deuterated Metals | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Charged-particle Emissions from Deuterated Metals | Charged particle | We present evidence for energetic charged particles emanating from partially deuterided titanium foils (TiDx) subjected to non-equilibrium conditions. To scrutinize emerging evidence for low-temperature nuclear reactions, we investigated particle yields employing three independent types of highly-sensitive, segmented particle detectors over a six-year period. One experiment measuring neutron emission from TiDx foils showed a background-subtracted yield of 57 ? 13 counts per hour. (The neutron experiments are discussed in a separate paper in this proceedings.) A second experiment, using a photo-multiplier tube with plastic and glass scintillators and TiDx registered charged particle emissions at 2,171 ? 93 counts/hour, over 400 times the background rate. Moreover, these particles were identified as protons having 2.6 MeV after exiting the TiDx foil array. In a third experiment, coincident charged particles consistent with protons and tritons were observed with high reproducibility in two energy-dispersive ion-implanted detectors located on either side of 25-micron thick Ti foils loaded with deuterium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KenneyFchargedpar.pdf | |||
| 1983 | Conference Proceedings | Kenney, F., Jones, S., Johnson, A., Hagelstein, P. L., Hubler, G. K., Buehler, D. B., Cecil, F. E., Scott, M., Ellsworth, J. | 2003 | Neutron Emissions from Deuterated Metals | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Neutron Emissions from Deuterated Metals | neutron | Evidence is presented for neutrons emanating from partially deuterated titanium foils (TiDx) subjected to non-equilibrium conditions (charged particle results appear in a separate paper in this proceedings). Two types of deuteriding and varied currents were employed to produce the non-equilibrium conditions within the foils, and emissions lasted over long durations. Experiments were conducted in a deep underground tunnel having significant rock overburden to diminish cosmic backgrounds. Subtracting background rates and taking into account detector efficiency, we found the highest net yield to be 57 ? 13 counts/hour. Yields for all runs are reported and the theoretical fusion reaction defined. Totaling all experiments, reproducibility was 40%. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KenneyFneutronemi.pdf | |||
| 1984 | Journal Article | Kenny, J. P., Schultz, R. | 1989 | 'Hyper-gentle' (HGF) fusion at a few ev | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | 'Hyper-gentle' (HGF) fusion at a few ev | theory | ||||||||
| 1985 | Journal Article | Kenny, J. P. | 1991 | Electropionics and fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Electropionics and fusion | theory, pion | ||||||||
| 1986 | Journal Article | Kepka, J. B., Czaputowicz, E. W. | 1979 | Analysis of Some Results on Pd-H and Ni-H Systems Studied in High-Pressure-Hydrogen Conditions | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 19 | Analysis of Some Results on Pd-H and Ni-H Systems Studied in High-Pressure-Hydrogen Conditions | Pd, H, Ni, pressure, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 1987 | Book | Kervran, C. L. | 1972 | Biological Transmutations | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 19 | Swan House Publishing Co. | Biological Transmutations | biological, transmutation, book | ISBN 0-913010-03-0 | ||||||
| 1988 | Book | Kervran, C. L. | 1980 | Biological Transmutation | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 19 | Beekman Publishers, Inc | Biological Transmutation | biological, transmutation, book | ISBN:08464 1069 9 | ||||||
| 1989 | Magazine Article | Kestenbaum, D. | 1997 | Cold Fusion-Science or Religion? | R&D Maganzine | Cold Fusion-Science or Religion? | history | ||||||||
| 1990 | Journal Article | Khramtsov, P. P., Martynenko, O. G. | 1996 | Peculiar processes of cathodic scattering by electrical discharge through the saturated heavy water - vapour interface | Inzh.-Fiz. Zh., Vol = 69, Num = 5, Page = 721 [in Russian] | Peculiar processes of cathodic scattering by electrical discharge through the saturated heavy water - vapour interface | plasma discharge, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 1991 | Conference Proceedings | Kidwell, D. | 2008 | Trace Analysis of Elements in a Palladium Matrix | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Trace Analysis of Elements in a Palladium Matrix | Surface analysis | Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a technique for trace elemental analysis and isotopic distribution determination at trace levels, but ICP-MS cannot handle directly high concentrations of ions. Dimethylglyoxime will selectively precipitate palladium from acid solutions leaving most of the impurities in solution and allowing their quantitation by ICP-MS without dilution. By avoiding dilution, the sensitivity and precision of the analysis can be increased to sub-PPM levels. A convenient method for controlled etching of palladium is also described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KidwellDtraceanaly.pdf | |||||
| 1992 | Conference Proceedings | Kidwell, D., Rogers, A., Grabowski, K. S., Knies, D. | 2009 | Does Gas Loading Produce Anomalous Heat? (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Does Gas Loading Produce Anomalous Heat? (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | The original PowerPoint slides in this document are here: http://lenr-canr.org/powerpoint/KidwellDdoesgasloa.ppt The PowerPoint slides include overlays and other features not available in Acrobat format. Simple pressurization of nanosized palladium with deuterium appears to be a simpler and more rapid method to generate anomalous heat compared to electrolytic systems. A survey of the literature indicates that palladium particles less than 2 nm in size can obtain a Pd/D loading near one at modest deuterium pressure. In hundreds of reactions, we have routinely prepared palladium nanoparticles inside an aluminosilicate matrix and have found that these systems produce up to 8 fold more heat with deuterium compared to hydrogen. Furthermore, a characteristic signature of a pressurization reaction is its reversibility -- the heat released upon pressurization should be absorbed upon evacuation. This reversibility is observed with hydrogen but not deuterium. Although we are still seeking conventional explanations for this excess heat, the anomalous heat does not appear to be explained by impurities in the deuterium gas nor other simple chemical or physical sources. The selection and preparation of the particles, the experimental set-up, and results will be discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KidwellDdoesgasloa.pdf | ||||
| 1993 | Conference Proceedings | Kidwell, D., Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., Dominguez, D. D. | 2009 | Yes, Virginia there is Heat, but It is Likely of Chemical Origin | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Yes, Virginia there is Heat, but It is Likely of Chemical Origin | Gas loading of palladium particles <2 nm in size produces anomalous amounts of heat in a reproducible manner. This heat is produced in the presence of deuterium but not in the presence of hydrogen. Control experiments have ruled out the excess heat was due to impurities in the deuterium that were absent in the hydrogen. Because the system is simple and mostly reversible, all extra heat must be of chemical or some other origin. Neither radiation nor nuclear ?sh? was found to correlate with the anomalous heat. In some matrices, the likely source of the anomalous heat is D-H exchange with the water present in the matrix, where an approximate third increase of the expected energy from calculations can account for most of the excess heat. In other matrices, no simple explanation of the excess heat can be made. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=144 | |||||
| 1994 | Journal Article | Kidwell, D., Imam, M. A., Dominguez, D. D. | 2012 | Fabrication, Characterization, and Evaluation of Excess Heat in Zirconium-Nickel-Palladium Alloys | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 208-218 Fabrication, Characterization, and Evaluation of Excess Heat in Zirconium-Nickel-Palladium Alloys | Excess heat, Gas loading, LENR, Melt-spinning, Nanoparticles | Prior gas loading experiments of Zirconium-Nickel-Palladium alloys have been reported to generate a greater amount of heat with deuterium than with hydrogen. What is intriguing about these experiments was the long-term heat observed. Others, using commercial materials of similar composition, have been unable to observe long-term heat. We also have been unable to observe long-term heat in the commercial materials and materials prepared at NRL. Furthermore, when tested using our gas-loading protocol of measuring both the heat during pressurization and evacuation, these alloys do not show much, if any, excess heat and the majority of the heat observed can be attributed to chemistry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=214 | ||||||
| 1995 | Journal Article | Kidwell, D., Dominguez, D. D., Grabowski, K. S., DeChiaro, L. | 2015 | Observation of radio frequency emissions from electrochemical loading experiments | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 578 Observation of radio frequency emissions from electrochemical loading experiments | |||||||||
| 1996 | Journal Article | Kikuchi, E., Nomura, K., Nogawa, N., Saito, H., Itoh, K., Niikura, H., Murabayashi, M. | 1991 | Effect of charging current density on release characteristics of tritium from palladium | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Effect of charging current density on release characteristics of tritium from palladium | tritium, loading, diffusion | ||||||||
| 1997 | Report | Kim, Y. E. | 1989 | Comment on 'Cluster-Impact Fusion' | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Comment on 'Cluster-Impact Fusion' | theory cluster Impact | ||||||||
| 1998 | Report | Kim, Y. E. | 1989 | Fission-Induced Inertial Confinement Hot Fusion and Cold Fusion with Electrolysis | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Fission-Induced Inertial Confinement Hot Fusion and Cold Fusion with Electrolysis | theory | ||||||||
| 1999 | Report | Kim, Y. E. | 1989 | Neutron-Induced Photonuclear Chain-Reaction Process in Pd Deuteride | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Neutron-Induced Photonuclear Chain-Reaction Process in Pd Deuteride | theory | ||||||||
| 2000 | Report | Kim, Y. E. | 1989 | Nuclear Theory Hypotheses for Cold Fusion | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Nuclear Theory Hypotheses for Cold Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 2001 | Report | Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S. | 1989 | The Electron Screening Effect on Fusion Cross-sections and Rates in Physical Processes | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | The Electron Screening Effect on Fusion Cross-sections and Rates in Physical Processes | theory | ||||||||
| 2002 | Report | Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | Nuclear Physics Interpretation of Cold Fusion and Optimal Designs for Gas/Solid-State Fusion Device | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Nuclear Physics Interpretation of Cold Fusion and Optimal Designs for Gas/Solid-State Fusion Device | theory | ||||||||
| 2003 | Report | Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S. | 1990 | Cluster-Transport Impact Fusion | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Cluster-Transport Impact Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 2004 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | Nuclear Physics Interpretation of Cold Fusion and Optimal Designs for Gas/Solid -State Device | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 223 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Nuclear Physics Interpretation of Cold Fusion and Optimal Designs for Gas/Solid -State Device | theory, method | |||||
| 2005 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | Surface Reaction Mechanism and Lepton Screening for Cold Fusion with Electrolysis | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 194 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Surface Reaction Mechanism and Lepton Screening for Cold Fusion with Electrolysis | theory, ICCF-1, lepton | A surface reaction mechanism and the effects of electron and muon screening are described for electrolysis fusion experiments. A general expression is given for the modified Coulomb barrier penetration factor which includes the lepton screening effect and which can be used for extrapolating the fusion cross sections to lower energies. It is shown that, when combined with the effect of velocity distribution in the context of the surface reaction mechanism, the electron screening effect may explain the claimed results of recent electrolysis fusion experiments and may also explain why it is difficult to reproduce the same result with different samples in electrolysis experiments. Experimental tests of the effects of electron and muon screening are suggested both for electrolysis experiments and for inelastic scattering experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=213 | ||
| 2006 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | Surface-Reaction Theory of Cold and Warm Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 807 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Surface-Reaction Theory of Cold and Warm Fusion | theory | ||||
| 2007 | Journal Article | Kim, M. S., Park, M. Y. | 1990 | Comment on room temperature nuclear fusion | Anal. Sci. & Technol., Vol = 3 | Comment on room temperature nuclear fusion | critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 2008 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | New cold nuclear fusion theory and experimental tests | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 423 | New cold nuclear fusion theory and experimental tests | Theory, d-t fusion | ||||||||
| 2009 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | Cross section for cold deuterium-deuterium fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Cross section for cold deuterium-deuterium fusion | Theory, branching ratio, low energy | ||||||||
| 2010 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | Neutron burst from a high-voltage discharge between palladium electrodes in D2 gas | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Neutron burst from a high-voltage discharge between palladium electrodes in D2 gas | Theory, critique, Wada | ||||||||
| 2011 | Book | Kim, Y. E. | 1991 | Fission-induced inertial confinement hot fusion and cold fusion with electrolysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Plenum Press | Fission-induced inertial confinement hot fusion and cold fusion with electrolysis | Theory, surface reaction | |||||||
| 2012 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Bae, Y. K., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A. | 1991 | Cluster-Impact Nuclear Fusion: Shock-Wave Statistical Analysis | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 5 | Cluster-Impact Nuclear Fusion: Shock-Wave Statistical Analysis | theory, cluster Impact | ||||||||
| 2013 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A. | 1991 | Theory of Cluster-Impact Fusion with Atomic and Molecular Cluster Beams | Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 5, Num = 6, Page = 427 | Theory of Cluster-Impact Fusion with Atomic and Molecular Cluster Beams | theory, cluster Impact | ||||||||
| 2014 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 1991 | Time-delayed apparent excess heat generation in electrolysis fusion experiments | Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 6 | Time-delayed apparent excess heat generation in electrolysis fusion experiments | heat+, D2, Pd, H2, theory, loading | ||||||||
| 2015 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A. | 1991 | The effect of coulomb screening and velocity distribution on fusion cross-sections and rates in physical processes | Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 6, Num = 10, Page = 929 | The effect of coulomb screening and velocity distribution on fusion cross-sections and rates in physical processes | theory, cluster Impact | ||||||||
| 2016 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 1991 | Surface reaction mechanism for deuterium-deuterium fusion with a gas/solid-state fusion device | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Surface reaction mechanism for deuterium-deuterium fusion with a gas/solid-state fusion device | Theory, bubble | Recent highly reproducible results of tritium production by deuterium-deuterium (D-D) fusion from gas/solid-state fusion experiments are discussed in terms of a surface fusion mechanism. Theoretical criteria and experimental conditions for improving and optimizing D-D fusion rates in a gas/solid-state fusion device are described. It is shown that the surface fusion mechanism also provides a plausible explanation for the nonreproducibility of the results of electrolysis fusion experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEsurfacereab.pdf | ||||||
| 2017 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulik, G. S. | 1991 | The role of the low-energy proton-deuteron fusion cross section in physical processes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | The role of the low-energy proton-deuteron fusion cross section in physical processes | Theory, p-d fusion, geological | ||||||||
| 2018 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Chulick, G. S., Rice, R. A., Rabinowitz, M., Bae, Y. K. | 1991 | Shock-wave Impact Fusion With Cluster Beams | Chem. Phys. Lett., Vol = 184 | Shock-wave Impact Fusion With Cluster Beams | cluster Impact, theory | ||||||||
| 2019 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Rice, R. A., Yoon, J. H. | 1992 | Condensed Matter Effects for Cold and Hot Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 321 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Condensed Matter Effects for Cold and Hot Fusion | theory, ICCF-3 | In dense plasmas, the ensemble of fusing particles has a significant exchange of kinetic and potential energies. Because of this condensed matter effect (CME), the higher Z nuclei thus have a larger reduction in fusion rates. Our proposed solution of the solar neutrino problem finds a larger reduction for 7Be(p, gamma)8 B than for p(p, e+ ve )D. Our CME predictions are consistent with neutrino detection experiments. CME have broad ranging astrophysical implications; may account for the anomalous branching ratio in cold fusion; and may be testable in laboratory beam fusion experiments with solid targets. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=67 | ||
| 2020 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 1993 | Coulomb Barrier Transmission Resonance for Astrophysical Problems | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 7 | Coulomb Barrier Transmission Resonance for Astrophysical Problems | theory | ||||||||
| 2021 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 1994 | Possible Evidence of Cold D(D,p)T Fusion from Dee's 1934 Experiment | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 31 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Possible Evidence of Cold D(D,p)T Fusion from Dee's 1934 Experiment | theory resonance, Gamow | ||||||
| 2022 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J. H., Zubarev, A. L., Rabinowitz, M. | 1994 | Reaction Barrier Transparency for Cold Fusion with Deuterium and Hydrogen | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 3 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Reaction Barrier Transparency for Cold Fusion with Deuterium and Hydrogen | theory resonance, Gamow | ||||||
| 2023 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 1994 | Improved Coulomb Barrier Transmission Coefficient for Nuclear Fusion Cross Sections | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | Improved Coulomb Barrier Transmission Coefficient for Nuclear Fusion Cross Sections | theory | ||||||||
| 2024 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 1994 | Possible Evidence of Cold D(D,p)T Fusion from Dee's 1934 Experiment | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 519 | Possible Evidence of Cold D(D,p)T Fusion from Dee's 1934 Experiment | history | D(D,p)T fusion probabilities for the back-to-back proton-tritium tracks observed in Dee's 1934 experiment are calculated using the conventional theory and found to be many orders of magnitude smaller than those inferred from Dee's data.? Our results indicate that Dee's data may be evidence for cold fusion, possibly due to low-energy reaction barrier transparency as recently proposed.? Therefore it is important to repeat Dee's experiment with modern facilities. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEpossibleeva.pdf | ||||||
| 2025 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J. H., Zubarev, A. L., Rabinowitz, M. | 1994 | Reaction Barrier Transparency for Cold Fusion with Deuterium and Hydrogen | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 408 | Reaction Barrier Transparency for Cold Fusion with Deuterium and Hydrogen | theory resonance, Gamow | An improved parametric representation of Coulomb barrier penetration is presented. These detailed calculations are improvements upon the conventionally used Gamow tunneling coefficient. This analysis yields a reaction barrier transparency (RBT) which may have singular ramifications for cold fusion, as well as significant consequences in a wide variety of fusion settings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEreactionbaa.pdf | ||||||
| 2026 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 1995 | Uncertainities of Conventional Theories and New Improved Formulations of Low-Energy Nuclear Fusion Reactions | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 293 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Uncertainities of Conventional Theories and New Improved Formulations of Low-Energy Nuclear Fusion Reactions | theory, ICCF-5 | vVe examine uncertainties of conventional theoretical estimates for lowenergy nuclear fusion cross-section a(E) and fusion rate (av) . Using new formulations based on the optical theorem and the radial distribution function, we derive new improved formulae for a(E) and (av) . Our results of the optical theorem formulation for a(E) indicate that a near cancellation of the Gamow factor can occur if the imaginary part of the effective nuclear interaction in the elastic scattering channel has a very weak component with a long finite interaction range. Uncertainties of conventional estimates of the electron screening effect for a(E) are also examined and a new alternative formulation is proposed. Finally, based on a solution of three-body Schrodinger equation and the optical theorem formulation, we derive a new formula for three-body fusion cross-section and rate and compare its predictions with conventional estimates and also with the recent experimental data for three-deuteron fusion reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=96 | ||
| 2027 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 1995 | Optical Theorem And Effective Finite-Range Nuclear Interaction for Low-Energy Nuclear-Fusion Reactions | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 108 | Optical Theorem And Effective Finite-Range Nuclear Interaction for Low-Energy Nuclear-Fusion Reactions | theory | ||||||||
| 2028 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. | 1996 | Comment on exact upper bound on barrier penetration probabilities in many-body systems | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 324 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Comment on exact upper bound on barrier penetration probabilities in many-body systems | theory | We investigate conditions under which it is not possible to establish an exact upper bound for the barrier penetration probability of nuclei tunneling to classically forbidden small relative separation, by a value calculable in terms of the Born-Oppenheimer potential between nuclei. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEcommentone.pdf | ||
| 2029 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 1996 | Optical Theorem Formulation and Nuclear Physics Mechanisms for Gamow Factor Cancellation in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 265 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | 1997 | Optical Theorem Formulation and Nuclear Physics Mechanisms for Gamow Factor Cancellation in Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions | theory, gamow, ICCF-6 | Based on the optical theorem formulation of low-energy nuclear reactions, we show that a Gamow factor cancellation can occur for nuclear fusion reactions if the imaginary part of the effective nuclear interaction in the elastic channel has a small component of a finite longrange interaction. It is recently shown that a near cancellation of the Gamow factor at low energies can occur if one of the final-state nuclei has a weakly bound ('halo') excited state. Another mechanism for the Gamow factor cancellation is a continuum-electron shielding of nuclear charge by a dense electron plasma. If the Gamow factor cancellation occurs, it can lead to a large enhancement of reaction rates and probabilities for low-energy nuclear fusion reaction and nuclear fission, and may provide nuclear physics mechanisms for explaining the anomalous effects observed in low-energy nuclear reactions. Several specific cases of the anomalous effects are discussed in terms of nuclear physics mechanisms, including cluster-impact nuclear reactions which may be relevant to the low-energy nuclear transmutation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=280 | ||
| 2030 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 1996 | Gamow factor cancellation and nuclear physics mechanisms for anomalous low-energy nuclear reactions | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 145 | Gamow factor cancellation and nuclear physics mechanisms for anomalous low-energy nuclear reactions | theory, Gamow | ||||||||
| 2031 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. | 1998 | Role of Continuum Electrons and Condensed Matter Mechanisms in Ultra Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 186 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Role of Continuum Electrons and Condensed Matter Mechanisms in Ultra Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | theory, ICCF-7 | We examine open problems and uncertainties in the conventional theory of nuclear fusion at low energies, and discuss possible improvements of the conventional theory and alternative theoretical formulations, and condensed matter mechanisms including the Bose-Einstein condensation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=186 | ||
| 2032 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 2000 | Ultra Low-Energy Nuclear Fusion of Bose Nuclei in Nano-Scale Ion Traps | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 375 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Ultra Low-Energy Nuclear Fusion of Bose Nuclei in Nano-Scale Ion Traps | theory, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2033 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. L. | 2000 | Nuclear fusion for Bose nuclei confined in ion traps | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Nuclear fusion for Bose nuclei confined in ion traps | Theory,. boson | ||||||||
| 2034 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, S-O., Lipson, A. G., Miley, G. H. | 2002 | Characterization of Pd-Ni thin film by annealing method | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Characterization of Pd-Ni thin film by annealing method 4011 | ICCF-9, film, method, layer, Pd-Ni | Thin film electrode production and characterization for heat cell studies are described. The objective is two-fold: maximizing excess heat production and insuring a long lifetime and electrolysis. To do this in a reproducible faction, a pre-and post-run analysis of the films was carried out using various probe techniques. In this study, various Pd-Ni thin films were manufactured using with a magnetron sputtering method. A variety of methods for pre-conditioning of substrates were experimented with. The samples were also treated by different annealing methods using inert gas and vacuum annealing processes. The investigations of samples were performed in an UHV system equipped with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is shown that the vacuum annealed samples provided the best films. This suggests that vacuum annealing can pull bubbles from pores in the thin film, giving a higher density thin film that performs better. These results and their implications for electrode development will be discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimSOcharacteri.pdf | |||
| 2035 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 2003 | Quantum Many-Body Theory and Mechanisms for Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Processes in Matter | Fusion 03: From a Tunneling Nuclear Microscope to Nuclear Processes in Matter | Matsushita, Japan | November 12-15, 2003 | Quantum Many-Body Theory and Mechanisms for Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Processes in Matter | Bose-Einstein condensation, Pd-black | There have been a number of reports of observation of nuclear fusion events in acoustic cavitation experiments with deuterated liquid.? Some of the reported results have been interpreted as a result of achieving thermonuclear fusion temperatures (~a few keV) during acoustic bubble cavitation (ABC).? We propose an alternative theoretical model for the ABC fusion based on Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) mechanism. Our theoretical model yields two main predictions.? The first prediction is that the Coulomb interaction between two charged bosons is suppressed for the case in which number N of charged bosons is large, and hence the conventional Gamow factor is absent. The second prediction is that the fusion rate depends on the probability of the BEC ground state occupation instead of the conventional Gamow factor.? This implies that the fusion rate will increase as the temperature of the system is lowered since the probability of the BEC state is larger at lower temperatures.? These predictions imply that the ABC fusion may be achievable at lower temperatures. A number of key improvement to acoustic cavitation experiments are proposed to check these predictions as well as the results of other experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEquantummana.pdf | ||||
| 2036 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Koltick, D., Pringer, R., Myers, J., Koltick, R. | 2003 | Experimental Test of Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reaction in Nanoscale Atomic Clusters | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Experimental Test of Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reaction in Nanoscale Atomic Clusters | Bose-Einstein condensation, Pd-black | We report preliminary results of experimental test of the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) mechanism for ultra low energy nuclear fusion in nano-scale atomic clusters at pressures up to a 20,000 psi and at both room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperatures. Bose-Einstein condensation of integer-spin nuclei was suggested as a possible mechanism for ultra low-energy nuclear reaction in 1998.? Recently, theoretical studies of the BEC mechanism have been carried out by solving approximately many-body Schroedinger equation for a system of N identical charged integer-spin nuclei ('Bose' nuclei) confined in ion traps.? The solution is used to obtain theoretical formulae for estimating the probabilities and rates of nuclear fusion for N identical Bose nuclei confined in an ion trap or an atomic cluster.? These formulae show that the fusion rate does not depend on the Coulomb barrier penetration probability but instead depends on the probability of the ground-state occupation, which is expected to increase as the temperature decreases. To test these theoretical predictions, a series of experiments have been devised and performed.? The preliminary results of these experiments and also plans of future experiments are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEexperiment.pdf | |||
| 2037 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Koltick, D., Zubarev, A. | 2003 | Quantum Many-Body Theory of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Induced by Acoustic Cavitation in Deuterated Liquid | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Quantum Many-Body Theory of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Induced by Acoustic Cavitation in Deuterated Liquid | theory | Recently, a theoretical model of Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) mechanism has been developed to describe low-energy nuclear reaction in a quantum many-body system confined in a micro/nano scale trap. The BEC mechanism is applied to explain various anomalous results? observed recently in experiments involved with low-energy nuclear reaction processes in matter and in acoustic cavitation. Experimental tests of the BEC mechanism are also discussed. In addition to the BEC mechanism, plasma impact fusion (PIF) and particle cavitation fusion (PCF) mechanisms are also described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEquantumman.pdf | |||
| 2038 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Koltick, D., Reifenberger, R., Zubarev, A. | 2004 | Proposal for New Experimental Tests of the Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reaction and Transmutation Processes in Deuterium Loaded Micro- and Nano-Scale Cavities | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Proposal for New Experimental Tests of the Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reaction and Transmutation Processes in Deuterium Loaded Micro- and Nano-Scale Cavities | theory | Most of experimental results of low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) reported so far cannot be reproduced on demand.? There have been persistent experimental results indicating that the LENR and transmutation processes in condensed matters (LENRTPCM) are surface phenomena rather than bulk phenomena.? Recently proposed Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) mechanism may provide a suitable theoretical description of the surface phenomena. ??????????? New experiments are proposed and described for testing the BEC mechanism for LENR and transmutation processses in micro-scale and nano-scale traps. (1) We propose the use of micro- or nano-porous conducting materials as a cathode in electrolysis experiments with heavy water with or without Li in order to stabilize the active surface spots and to enhance the effect for the purpose of improving the reproducibility of excess heat generation and nuclear emission.? (2) We propose new experiemental tests of the BEC mechanism by measuring the presssure and temperaure dependence of LENR events using deuterium gas and these deuterated metals with? or without Li. ? ????f the LENRTPCM are surface phenomena, the proposed use of micro/nano scale porous materials is expected to enhance and scale up the LENRTPCM effects by many order of magnitude, and thus may lead to better reproductivity and theoretical understanding of the phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEproposalfo.pdf | |||||
| 2039 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Passell, T. O. | 2004 | Alternative Interpretation of Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction Processes with Deuterated Metals Based on The Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Alternative Interpretation of Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction Processes with Deuterated Metals Based on The Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism | theory | Recently, a generalization of the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) mechanism has been made to a ground-state mixture of two different species of positively charged bosons in harmonic traps.? The theory has been used to describe (D + Li) reactions in the low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) processes in condensed matter and predicts that the (D + Li) reaction rates can be larger than (D + D) reaction rates by as much as a factor of ~50, implying that (D + Li) reactions may be occuring in addition to the (D + D) reactions.? A survey of the existing data from LENR experiments is carried out to check the validity of the theoretical prediction.? We conclude that there is compelling experimental evidence which support the theoretical prediction.? New experimental tests of the theoretical prediction are suggested. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEalternativ.pdf | |||||
| 2040 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. | 2004 | Mixtures of Charged Bosons Confined in Harmonic Traps and Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutation Processes in Condensed Matter | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Mixtures of Charged Bosons Confined in Harmonic Traps and Bose-Einstein Condensation Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutation Processes in Condensed Matter | theory | A mixture of two different species of positively charged bosons in harmonic traps is considered in the mean-field approximation.? It is shown that depending on the ratio of parameters, the two components may coexist in same regions of space, in spite of the Coulomb repulsion between the two species.? Application of this result is discussed for the generalization of the Bose-Einstein condensation mechanism for low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) and transmutation processes in condensed matters.? For the case of deutron-lithium (d+Li) LENR, the result indicates that? reactions may dominate over (d+d) reactions in LENR experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEmixturesof.pdf | |||||
| 2041 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E., Zubarev, A. | 2005 | Unifying Theory Of Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction And Transmutation Processes In Deuterated/Hydrogenated Metals, Acoustic Cavitations, And Deuteron Beam Experiments | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Unifying Theory Of Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction And Transmutation Processes In Deuterated/Hydrogenated Metals, Acoustic Cavitations, And Deuteron Beam Experiments | theory | The most basic theoretical challenge for understanding low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) and transmutation reaction (LETR) in condensed matters is to find mechanisms by which the large Coulomb barrier between fusing nuclei can be overcome.? A unifying theory of LENR and LETR has been developed to provide possible mechanisms for the LENR and LETR processes in matters based on high-density nano-scale and micro-scale quantum plasmas.? It is shown that recently developed theoretical models based on Bose-Einstein Fusion (BEF) mechanism and Quantum Plasma Nuclear Fusion (QPNF) mechanism are applicable to the results of many different types of LENR and LETR experiments | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEunifyingth.pdf | ||||
| 2042 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 2008 | Theory of Low-Energy Deuterium Fusion in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Grains and Particles | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Theory of Low-Energy Deuterium Fusion in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Grains and Particles | Theory | A consistent conventional theoretical description is presented for anomalous low-energy deuterium nuclear fusion in micro/nano-scale metal grains and particles. The theory is based on the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) state occupied by deuterons trapped in a micro/nano-scale metal grain or particle. The theory is capable of explaining most of the experimentally observed results and also provides theoretical predictions. Experimental tests of theoretical predictions are proposed. Scalabilities of the observed effects are discussed based on theoretical predictions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEtheoryoflo.pdf | |||||
| 2043 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 2009 | Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion:Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Tests (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion:Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Tests (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Experimental Observations (as of 2008) (not complete) From both electrolysis and gas loading experiments [1] The Coulomb barrier between two deuterons are suppressed [2] Excess heat production (the amount of exess heat indicates its nuclear origin) [3] 4He production comensurate with excess heat production, no 23.8 MeV gamma ray [4] Production of hot spots and micro-scale crators on metal surface [5] Detection of radiations [6]Production of nuclear ashes with anomalous rates . . . . . . Based on a single physical concept, can we come up with a consistent physical theory which could explain all of the ten experimental observations? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEboseeinste.pdf | ||||
| 2044 | Conference Proceedings | Kim, Y. E. | 2009 | Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion: Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Tests | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion: Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Tests | It is shown that theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) [1] is capable of explaining many diverse experimental results of deuteron induced nuclear reactions in metals, observed in electrolysis and gas loading experiments. The theory is based on a single conventional physical concept of Bose-Einstein condensation of deuterons in metal and provides a consistent theoretical description of the experimental results. The theory also has predictive powers as expected for a quantitatively predictive physical theory. It is shown that the fusion energy transfer can be accomplished by the stopping power of metal without invoking hypothesis of fusion energy transfer to metal lattice vibrations. It is also shown that observed anomalous tritium production can be explained by incorporating a sub-threshold resonance reaction mechanism into the BECNF theory. The basic concept and important features of the BECNF theory is presented, and theoretical explanations of the experimental observations are described. Key experimental tests of theoretical predictions are proposed and discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=105 | |||||
| 2045 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 2009 | Theory of Bose?instein condensation mechanism for deuteron-induced nuclear reactions in micro/nano-scale metal grains and particles | Naturwiss., Vol = 96, Num = 7, Page = 803-811 | 803 Theory of Bose?instein condensation mechanism for deuteron-induced nuclear reactions in micro/nano-scale metal grains and particles | Bose?instein condensation, Deuteron fusion, Nuclear reactions, Metals | ||||||||
| 2046 | Report | Kim, Y. E. | 2011 | Generalized Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion for Hydrogen-Metal System | Naturwiss., Vol = 96, Num = 7, Page = 803-811 | Purdue Nuclear and Many Body Theory Group (PNMBTG) | University, Purdue Generalized Theory of Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion for Hydrogen-Metal System Theory | Theory | Generalized theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) is used to carry out theoretical analyses of recent experimental results of Rossi et al. for hydrogen-nickel system. Based on incomplete experimental information currently available, preliminary theoretical explanations of the experimental results are presented in terms of the generalized BECNF theory. Additional accurate experimental data are needed for obtaining more complete theoretical descriptions and predictions, which can be tested by further experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEgeneralize.pdf | |||||
| 2047 | Report | Kim, Y. E. | 2011 | Nuclear Reactions in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Particles | Naturwiss., Vol = 96, Num = 7, Page = 803-811 | Purdue Nuclear and Many Body Theory Group (PNMBTG) | University, Purdue Nuclear Reactions in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Particles Theory | theory, multibody | Low-energy nuclear reactions in micro/nano-scale metal particles are described based on the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF). The BECNF theory is based on a single basic assumption capable of explaining the observed LENR phenomena; deuterons in metals undergo Bose-Einstein condensation. The BECNF theory is also a quantitative predictive physical theory. Experimental tests of the basic assumption and theoretical predictions are proposed. Potential application to energy generation by ignition at low temperatures is described. Generalized theory of BECNF is used to carry out theoretical analyses of recently reported experimental results for hydrogen-nickel system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEnuclearrea.pdf | |||||
| 2048 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 2011 | Bose-Einstein Condensate Theory of Deuteron Fusion in Metal | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Bose-Einstein Condensate Theory of Deuteron Fusion in Metal | Bose-Einstein Condensation, Deuteron fusion in metal, Nano-scale materials, Sub-threshold resonance reaction | Theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) has been developed to explain many diverse experimental results of deuteron induced nuclear reactions in metals, observed in electrolysis and gas loading experiments. The theory is based on a single conventional physical concept of Bose-Einstein condensation of deuterons in metal and provides a consistent theoretical description of the experimental results. The theory is capable of explaining most of the diverse experimental observations, and also has predictive powers as expected for a quantitatively predictive physical theory. It is shown that the fusion energy transfer to metal can be accomplished by the stopping power of metal without invoking hypothesis of fusion energy transfer to metal lattice vibrations. It is also shown that observed anomalous tritium production can be explained by a sub-threshold resonance reaction mechanism. The basic concept and important features of the BECNF theory is presented, and theoretical explanations of the experimental observations are described. Key experimental tests of theoretical predictions are proposed and discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=196 | ||||||
| 2049 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E., Ward, T. E. | 2012 | Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion: Role of Monopole Transition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Bose-Einstein Condensation Nuclear Fusion: Role of Monopole Transition | Bose-Einstein condensation, Monopole, Nuclear fusion | Based on a single conventional physical concept of Bose-Einstein condensation of deuterons in metal, theory of Bose-Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) has been developed to explain many diverse experimental results. We investigate the role of monopole transition in BECNF theory, assuming a collective monopole vibrational excited nuclear state in 4He. Using the threshold resonance reaction mechanism, we derive formulae for S-factor, which can be used in BECNF theory to obtain the nuclear reaction rate. We find the reaction rate for this reaction is far greater than other exit reaction channels. The proposed monopole transition mechanism is capable of dissipating fusion energy into vibrational (phonon) energies in metal. Experimental tests of the monopole transition mechanism are proposed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=110 | ||||||
| 2050 | Journal Article | Kim, Y. E. | 2014 | Conventional Nuclear Theory of Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions in Metals: Alternative Approach to Clean Fusion Energy Generation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 264-276 Conventional Nuclear Theory of Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions in Metals: Alternative Approach to Clean Fusion Energy Generation | Deuteron fusion in metals, Nuclear theory, Nuclear transmutations, Optical theorem formulation | Low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) in metals are described using conventional nuclear theory based on the optical theorem formulation. It can be applied to both deuteron and proton induced LENRs. Cryogenic ignition of deuteron fusion in metal particles is proposed as an alternative approach to clean fusion energy generation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KimYEconvention.pdf | ||||||
| 2051 | Journal Article | Kimura, T. | 1990 | Quantitative evaluation of multiple production of neutrons induced by cosmic rays in materials | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 27 | Quantitative evaluation of multiple production of neutrons induced by cosmic rays in materials | neutron, method, critique | ||||||||
| 2052 | Journal Article | Kimura, T. | 1991 | Current problems and future of room temperature nuclear fusion | Genshiryoku Kogyo, Vol = 37, Num = 4, Page = 49 (in Japanese) | Current problems and future of room temperature nuclear fusion | Review | ||||||||
| 2053 | Journal Article | Kimura, A., Birnbaum, H. K. | 1991 | Effect of adsorbed surface poisons on the loss of hydrogen from nickel | Acta metall. Mater., Vol = 39 | Effect of adsorbed surface poisons on the loss of hydrogen from nickel | NiH, phase Diagram, lattice Parameter, desorption, H2 structure, poison | ||||||||
| 2054 | Journal Article | King, M. B. | 1997 | Charge Clusters: The Basis of Zero-Point Energy Inventions | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 18 | Charge Clusters: The Basis of Zero-Point Energy Inventions | ZPE, EV charge cluster | ||||||||
| 2055 | Journal Article | Kirchheim, R. | 1981 | Interaction of Hydrogen with Dislocations in Palladium- I. Activity and Diffusivity and Their Phenomenological Interpretation | Acta. Metall., Vol = 29 | Interaction of Hydrogen with Dislocations in Palladium- I. Activity and Diffusivity and Their Phenomenological Interpretation | Pd, H, diffusion, overvoltage, energy | ||||||||
| 2056 | Journal Article | Kirchheim, R. | 1981 | Interaction of Hydrogen with Dislocations in Palladium-II Interpretation of Activity Results by Fermi-Dirac Distribution | Acta Metall., Vol = 29 | Interaction of Hydrogen with Dislocations in Palladium-II Interpretation of Activity Results by Fermi-Dirac Distribution | Pd, H, energy, density Of States | ||||||||
| 2057 | Journal Article | Kirchheim, R., Matschele, T., Kieninger, W. | 1988 | Hydrogen in amorphous and nanocrystalline metals | Materials. Sci. and Eng., Vol = 99 | Hydrogen in amorphous and nanocrystalline metals | palladium black, phase diagram, PdH particle | ||||||||
| 2058 | Journal Article | Kirkinskii, V. A., Novikov, Y. A. | 1999 | A new approach to theoretical modelling of nuclear fusion in palladium deuteride | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 46 | A new approach to theoretical modelling of nuclear fusion in palladium deuteride | Theory, screening, review, mobility | ||||||||
| 2059 | Conference Proceedings | Kirkinskii, V. A., Drebushchak, V. A., Khmelnikov, A. I. | 2002 | Experimental evidence of excess heat output during deuterium sorption-desorption in palladium deuteride | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Experimental evidence of excess heat output during deuterium sorption-desorption in palladium deuteride 4012 | ICCF-9, Pd, heat, D2 | Thermal effects have been studied in the course of sorption-desorption of hydrogen isotopes by a finely powdered palladium deuteride using a conventional differential scanning calorimeter SETARAM DSC-111. During a-b transition an excess heat release is observed in palladium deuteride of about one watt per gram of deuteride. In similar experiments with palladium hydride no anomalous effects have been observed. On the basis of earlier computer modelling, relevant publications and our experimental results the excess heat release during deuterium sorption-desorption by palladium deuteride is attributed to the nuclear reactions of deuterium atoms yielding helium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Kirkinskiiexperiment.pdf | |||
| 2060 | Conference Proceedings | Kirkinskii, V. A., Novikov, Y. A. | 2002 | Numercial calculations of cold fusion rates in metal deuterides | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Numercial calculations of cold fusion rates in metal deuterides 4013 | ICCF-9, theory, electron screening | An original model of а nuclear fusion mechanism in metal crystal structures at low energies is developed. It uses a new approach for estimation of electron screening in metals, which is based on account of dynamic deformation of outer metal electronic orbitals during counter motion of two deuterons near their sites boundary [1-3]. Computer simulation of deuterium behavior in the palladium deuteride crystal lattice has shown that the calculated rate of nuclear reactions agrees in order of magnitude with the values deduced from experimental data on excess heat output and helium generation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Kirkinskiinumercialc.pdf | |||
| 2061 | Conference Proceedings | Kirkinskii, V. A., Novikov, Y. A. | 2002 | Fusion reaction probability in iron hydride and the problem of nucleosynthesis in the earth's interior | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Fusion reaction probability in iron hydride and the problem of nucleosynthesis in the earth's interior 4014 | ICCF-9, theory, FeH | Numerical simulation of hydrogen isotopes nuclear interaction during their diffusion in a- and g-iron was carried out on the basis of electron orbital deformation dynamic model suggested by the authors earlier [1-4]. Calculated fusion rates show a possibility of cold fusion in the Earth's interior. Geochemical indicators of nuclear fusion are 3He/4He ratio higher than usual or the presence of tritium in deep-seated rocks, minerals and natural gases. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Kirkinskiifusionreac.pdf | |||
| 2062 | Journal Article | Kirkinskii, V. A., Drebushchak, V. A., Khmelnikov, A. I. | 2002 | Excess heat release during deuterium sorption-desorption by finely powdered palladium deuteride | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 58 | Excess heat release during deuterium sorption-desorption by finely powdered palladium deuteride | Experimental, gas phase, Pd, heat, res+ | ||||||||
| 2063 | Conference Proceedings | Kirkinskii, V. A., Novikov, Y. A. | 2003 | Calculations Of Nuclear Reactions Probability In A Crystal Lattice Of Titanium Deuteride | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Calculations Of Nuclear Reactions Probability In A Crystal Lattice Of Titanium Deuteride | Theory | For calculations of probability of nuclear reactions of hydrogen isotopes in the crystal lattice of titanium deuteride the model offered earlier for palladium deuteride was used. In a series of experiments the probability of D-D approach for random initial conditions was calculated, when initial energies of approaching deuterons were set in the range of energies 0.01-0.51 eV. For each experimental value of D-D approach the reaction rate was calculated on the shifted Coulomb potential with the shift energy, which equals to the energy of screening. The mean distance of D-D approach on all series equals 0.97 angstroms, that exceeds the mean distance in a molecule D-D. However, more than 14% of all experimental values show an approach of deuterons for a distance less than 0.1 angstroms. The general reaction rate for the given set of the initial conditions will make 10^1.91 DD^-1 s^-1. It is 4 orders of magnitude less, than the analogous rate calculated earlier for palladium deuteride. For optimization of calculations the most favorable initial conditions were selected. As a result the rate of the reaction calculated according to the above model should be additionally multiplied by a correction factor, which allows for the probability of the occurrence of these favorable conditions. In our case it equals 10^-16 - 10^-18; the rate of the nuclear fusion reaction of deuterons in titanium deuteride should be 3-4 orders lower, than the earlier calculated rate for palladium deuteride and equals 10^-14 - 10*-16 DD^-1 s^-1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Kirkinskiicalculatio.pdf | |||
| 2064 | Conference Proceedings | Kirkinskii, V. A., Novikov, Y. A. | 2005 | Calculations Of Nuclear Reactions Probability In A Crystal Lattice Of Lanthanum Deuteride | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Calculations Of Nuclear Reactions Probability In A Crystal Lattice Of Lanthanum Deuteride | theory | The dynamic model of electron orbitals deformation (EODD) was previously devised for palladium deuteride. It has now been applied to calculate the probability of nuclear reactions of hydrogen isotopes in the crystal lattice of lanthanum deuteride. In a series of computer simulations, the probability of D-D approach for random initial conditions was calculated, when the initial energies of the approaching deuterons were set in the range of 0.001-9.0 eV. For each experimental value of D-D approach the reaction rate was calculated on the shifted Coulomb potential with the shift energy, which equals to the energy of screening. The mean distance of D-D approach on the whole series equals 0.19 ?. More than 54% of all experimental values show an approach of deuterons for a distance less than 0.1 ?. The average reaction rate for the given set of the initial conditions is 10^3.28 DD^-1 s^-1. This is three orders of magnitude less than the analogous rate calculated earlier for palladium deuteride. Allowing for the higher D content and the higher number of adjacent tetrahedral sites in LaD3 as compared with PdD0,6, an overall nuclear fusion rate in lanthanum deuteride will be only slight lower than in palladium deuteride, that is, 10^-12 - 10^-14 DD^-1 s^-1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Kirkinskiicalculatioa.pdf | ||||
| 2065 | Journal Article | Kishimoto, S., Inoue, M., Yoshida, N. | 1986 | Solution of Hydrogen in Thin Palladium Films | J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., Vol = 82 | Solution of Hydrogen in Thin Palladium Films | H2, Pd, thin layer, pressure, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 2066 | Journal Article | Kitajima, M., Nakamura, K., Fujitsuka, M. | 1990 | Electrical resistivity of high pressure D2-loaded Pd and Ti at low temperatures | Solid State Commun., Vol = 75 | Electrical resistivity of high pressure D2-loaded Pd and Ti at low temperatures | D2, resistivity, PdD, TiD, temperature | ||||||||
| 2067 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Saitoh, T., Itoh, T. | 1995 | In-situ ERD Analysis of Hydrogen Isotopes during Deuterium Implantation of Pd | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 579 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | In-situ ERD Analysis of Hydrogen Isotopes during Deuterium Implantation of Pd | D2, Pd, ion bombardment, surface layer, surface analysis, ICCF-5 | The elastic recoil detection (ERD) analysis is successfully applied to in-situ measurenlenls of hydrogen isolope distributions formed in Pd during deuterium ion implantation aiming at observation of peculiar phenomena in connection with the so called cold fusion. The beam-target D(d,p)t reaction yield during the implantation is found dependent on the beam current or the deuterium flux. This is interpreted in terms of a temperature dependence of the deuterium concentration that is measured in situ with the ERD method. When both surfaces of the Pd sample are coated with 7.5-??m thick films of aluminum oxide, the reaction yield is observed to increase by a factor of about 5, and the ERD spectra show distributions of D more localized near the surface. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=386 | ||
| 2068 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Saitoh, T., Itoh, H. | 1996 | In situ elastic recoil detection analysis of hydrogen isotopes during deuterium implantation into metals | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | In situ elastic recoil detection analysis of hydrogen isotopes during deuterium implantation into metals | ion implantation, particle emission, Ti, Pd, D2 | ||||||||
| 2069 | Journal Article | Kitamura, H., Ichimaru, S. | 1996 | Dynamic evolution of fusion processes in ultrahigh-pressure liquid-metallic hydrogen: Effects of self-heating and radiative cooling | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 65 | Dynamic evolution of fusion processes in ultrahigh-pressure liquid-metallic hydrogen: Effects of self-heating and radiative cooling | theory, high pressure, fusion | ||||||||
| 2070 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Awa, Y., Minari, T., Kubota, N., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y. | 2003 | D(d,p)t REACTION RATE ENHANCEMENT IN A MIXED LAYER OF Au AND Pd | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | D(d,p)t REACTION RATE ENHANCEMENT IN A MIXED LAYER OF Au AND Pd | To investigate possible anomalies in nuclear reactions in solids, deuterium ion irradiation of deuterated Au/Pd samples have been performed with extensive measurements of reaction products and in situ characterization of the samples including ERDA and RBS.? The D(d,p)t reaction rate has been observed to become three orders of magnitude greater than the calculated one.? The deuterium density distribution in the sample with a composition modified by irradiation has been observed to peak at a depth appreciably greater than the projectile range.? We speculate that the formation of the mixed layer of Au and Pd maintaining significantly high deuterium density is the key factor for the reaction rate enhancement. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAddptreacti.pdf | ||||
| 2071 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Nishio, R., Iwai, H., Satoh, R., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y. | 2005 | In Situ Accelerator Analyses Of Palladium Complex Under Deuterium Permeation | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | In Situ Accelerator Analyses Of Palladium Complex Under Deuterium Permeation | transmutation, gas permeation | Preliminary results of experiments on D2 gas permeation using a system [vacuum/CaO/Sr/PdDx/D2 ] have shown some evidence of nuclear transmutation from Sr to Mo. The system is a little simpler than that used by Iwamura et al., and has a reversed gas flow direction. The diagnostic method used to identify the elements was conventional XPS, giving the areal densities of 4.2 x 10^14 cm^-2 (Sr) and 3.3 x 10^14 cm^-2 (Mo). Extended analytical methods are now being prepared, including in situ and simultaneous PIXE, RBS and NRA/ERD analyses for areal densities of transmutation elements and deuterium distribution. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAinsituacce.pdf | ||||
| 2072 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Sasaki, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Search for Nuclear Reaction Products in Gas Phase Experiments - Deuterium Permeation and Absorption - (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Search for Nuclear Reaction Products in Gas Phase Experiments - Deuterium Permeation and Absorption - (PowerPoint slides) | Transmutation | Summary of PIXE analysis * We tried to replicate the nuclear transmutation of Sr (2 - 50 x 10E15 cm^-2) to Mo under deuterium permeation through a variety of multilayered CaO/Sr/Pd samples. * Apparently positive results were obtained in 8 runs out of 14, although the identification of Mo peaks in the PIXE analysis was not definite. * It has been implied that sputtering loss of the atoms could be responsible for the observed tendency that areal density of Sr decreases in most cases, while there is a modest increase in that of Mo. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAsearchforn.pdf | ||||
| 2073 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Yamaguchi, T., Nohmi, T., Sasaki, Y., Miyashi, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Takahashi, A. | 2009 | CMNS Research Progressing in Kobe University -Deuterium Permeation and Absorption | The 9th Meeting of Japan CF-Research Society | Shizuoka, Japan | CMNS Research Progressing in Kobe University -Deuterium Permeation and Absorption | Pd-black nanoparticle heat | Experimental studies on condensed matter nuclear science (CMNS) ongoing at Kobe University are reviewed. One is a study of nuclear transmutation during forced permeation of deuterium (D) through multi-layered films of CaO/X/Pd, where X is element to be transmuted. This is described in detail in the present paper. The second study is to confirm heat and 4He generation by D absorption in nano-sized Pd powders reported by Arata and Zhang, and to investigate the underlying physics. We have installed a twin system to perform calorimetry during D2 or H2 absorption by micronized powders of Si, Pd, Pd-black, and Pd-Zr oxide compounds. The research is performed as a joint research program with Technova Inc., and is described in detail in the separate two papers presented by the joint group in the present proceedings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAcmnsresear.pdf | |||||
| 2074 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Yamaguchi, T., Nohmi, T., Sasaki, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Takahashi, A. | 2009 | MDE (Metal Deuterium Energy) Project 2009 Results Explanation File | 237rd ACS National Meeting | Salt Lake City | MDE (Metal Deuterium Energy) Project 2009 Results Explanation File | Excess heat, nanoparticle | Abstracts and PowerPoint slides of papers presented at the 237rd ACS National Meeting, March 2009. Work discussed include independent replications of Arata's palladium black experiment (with steel cells instead of a DS-Cathode) and Arata's zirconium-oxide palladium material. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAmdemetalde.pdf | |||||
| 2075 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Sasaki, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Search for Nuclear Reaction Products in Gas Phase Experiments ? Deuterium Permeation and Absorption ? | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Search for Nuclear Reaction Products in Gas Phase Experiments ? Deuterium Permeation and Absorption ? | Employing both in situ and ex situ accelerator analyses, we have attempted to replicate the Iwamura-type nuclear transmutation of Sr to Mo under deuterium permeation through a variety of multilayered CaO/Sr/Pd samples. Apparently positive results have been obtained in 8 of 14 runs, although the identification of Mo peaks in the PIXE analysis is not definite. It is implied that sputtering loss of the atoms could be responsible for the observed tendency that the areal density of Sr decreases in most cases, while there are modest increases in Mo. In addition to the accelerator analyses, g-ray detection has been tried for samples implanted with W atoms in expectation of transmutation from 183W to radioactive 191Pt. In another series of experiments, we examined heat and 4He generation by deuterium absorption in nano-sized Pd powders, as reported by Arata and Zhang. In order to determine the cause of the large isotope effects observed, nuclear ash including charged particles, neutrons and gamma rays was examined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=33 | |||||
| 2076 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Nohmi, T., Sasaki, Y., Taniike, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Anomalous effects in charging of Pd powders with high density hydrogen isotopes | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 273, Num = 35, Page = 3109-3112 | Anomalous effects in charging of Pd powders with high density hydrogen isotopes heat | Pddot operatorZr nano-powder Deuterium absorption Hydrogen absorption D/Pd ratio Isotope effect | A twin system for hydrogen absorption experiments has been constructed to replicate the phenomenon of heat and 4He generation by D2 gas absorption in nano-sized Pd powders reported by Arata and Zhang, and to investigate the underlying physics. For Pd-Zr oxide nano-powders, anomalously large energies of hydrogen isotope absorption, 2.4 ?0.2 eV/D-atom and 1.8 ?0.4 eV/H-atom, as well as large loading ratio of D/Pd =1.1 ?0.0 and H/Pd =1.1 ?0.3, respectively, were observed in the phase of deuteride/hydride formation. The sample charged with D2 also showed significantly positive output energy in the second phase after the deuteride formation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAanomalouse.pdf | ||||||
| 2077 | Conference Proceedings | Kitamura, A., Miyoshi, Y., Sakoh, H., Taniike, A. | 2011 | Hydrogen Isotope Gas Absorption/Adsorption Charactoristics of Pd Nanopowders (PowerPoint slides) | ACS National Meeting | Anaheim, CA | Hydrogen Isotope Gas Absorption/Adsorption Charactoristics of Pd Nanopowders (PowerPoint slides) | nano-particles | Extensive measurements of heat release under hydrogen isotope absorption/adsorption of 7 kinds (PP, PB, PZ, NZ, PNZ-I,PNZ-II, PNZ2B) of Pd nano-powdersin a twin gas charging system have been made by Kobe group in 2010-2011. Anomalies in heat and D(H)-absorption observed by Pd (and Pd-Ni) nano-powders dispersed into/onto ZrO2support are briefly overviewed. Heat and absorption data for larger Pure Pd powder and Pd-Black are shown in concentration in the present report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAhydrogenis.pdf | |||||
| 2078 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Sasaki, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2011 | Heat Evolution from Pd Nano-powders Exposed to High-pressure Hydrogen Isotopes and Associated Radiation Measurements | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Heat Evolution from Pd Nano-powders Exposed to High-pressure Hydrogen Isotopes and Associated Radiation Measurements | Anomalous heat, Charged particle measurement, Deuterium absorption, D/Pd loading ratio, Forced oxidation, Isotope effect, Pd?r nano-powder, Recovery of performance | Using a twin system for hydrogen absorption, experiments on heat evolution and charged particle generation by D2 (H2) gas absorption in nano-sized Pd powders were done for the 0.1 ?. Pd powder, the Pd-black, and the mixed oxides of Pd?r, Pd?i?r and Ni?r. It has been found that the D(H)/Pd loading ratio and the absorption energy per D (H) is an increasing function of fineness of the sample surface. The Pd?r oxide nano-composites showed anomalously large energies of hydrogen isotope absorption as well as large loading ratio in the phase of deuteride/hydride formation. Although the samples were deteriorated by the repeated baking-hydrogenation cycles, an artificial oxidation of the PZ and the PNZ samples recovered the excellent original performances, and gave hydride formation energies of 1.5-2.3 eV/D and 1.5-2.0 eV/H, which are anomalously high compared with values for bulk Pd metal. In the second phase after the deuteride formation, the Pd?r and Pd?i?r oxide composites charged exclusively with D2 sometimes gave significantly positive output, which should be subjected to repeated investigation. Nuclear reaction products including energetic charged-particles for a possible cause of the phenomena were examined using a variety of nuclear diagnostics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=64 | ||||||
| 2079 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Miyoshi, Y., Sakoh, H., Taniike, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2011 | Time-resolved Measurements of Loading Ratios and Heat Evolution in D2 (and H2)-Pd?r Mixed-oxide Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Time-resolved Measurements of Loading Ratios and Heat Evolution in D2 (and H2)-Pd?r Mixed-oxide Systems | D/Pd loading ratio, Heat output, Pd?r oxide compounds, Time-resolved measurements, Two sub-phases | Using a twin system for hydrogen absorption, we have studied heat evolution and high-energy particle generation by D2 and H2 gas absorption into nano-sized mixed oxide powders of palladium and zirconium. We have found very large energy of hydrogen absorption by Pd?r oxide compounds exceeding 1.0 eV/D (or H) together with a very high D/Pd loading ratio, exceeding 1.0. The system has been improved to enable time-dependent measurements of the gas flow rate and loading ratio simultaneously with the output heat. It has been revealed that the first phase is divided into two sub-phases; the 1a-phase, where most of the anomalously large output energy is produced with a very high loading, D/Pd ~ 1.2, and the 1b-phase, where much smaller power is produced as loading increases further by a ratio of about 0.5 with a difference in pressure between deuterium and hydrogen. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=48 | ||||||
| 2080 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Miyoshi, Y., Sakoh, H., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y., Murota, T., Tahara, T. | 2014 | Recent progress in gas-phase hydrogen isotope absorption/adsorption experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 277-289 Recent progress in gas-phase hydrogen isotope absorption/adsorption experiments | Hydrogen isotope absorption, Inclusion, Nanoporous-silica, Pd nanoparticles | To enhance reusability of the nanopowder samples for heat generation by gas-phase hydrogen isotope absorption, porous-silica-inclusion has been applied to Pd nanopowders (PSII) and Pd?Ni nanocomposite (PNS) samples. Absorption parameters repeatedly obtained in the repeated runs including repeated oxidization-hydridation cycles suggest interesting role of admixed minority atoms in the nanoparticles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=287 | ||||||
| 2081 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y. | 2015 | A Mass-Flow-Calorimetry System for Scaled-up Experiments on Anomalous Heat Evolution at Elevated Temperatures | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 231 A Mass-Flow-Calorimetry System for Scaled-up Experiments on Anomalous Heat Evolution at Elevated Temperatures | Hydrogen gas absorption, Oil-cooling mass-flow calorimetry, Silica-included CuNi nano-composite, 5 W/g-Ni | A new mass-flow calorimetry system has been installed to investigate the excess-power phenomena at elevated temperatures with an increased amount of the sample. Calibration runs using alumina powder has revealed very good stability with very high heat recovery rate. The first trial runs with a silica-included CuNi nano-composite sample containing 4 g of Ni mixed with 200 g of Al2O3 showed anomalous increase in temperature of the sample, which could imply a long-lasting excess power of 5 W/g-Ni. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=238 | ||||||
| 2082 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y. | 2015 | Brief summary of latest experimental results with a mass-flow calorimetry system for anomalous heat effect of nano-composite metals under D(H)-gas charging | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 589 Brief summary of latest experimental results with a mass-flow calorimetry system for anomalous heat effect of nano-composite metals under D(H)-gas charging | |||||||||
| 2083 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A. | 2015 | Status of cold fusion research in Japan | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 655 Status of cold fusion research in Japan | review | ||||||||
| 2084 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y. | 2016 | Effect of Minority Atoms of Binary Ni-based Nano-composites on Anomalous Heat Evolution under Hydrogen Absorption | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 135 Effect of Minority Atoms of Binary Ni-based Nano-composites on Anomalous Heat Evolution under Hydrogen Absorption | CuNi/SiO2 nano-composite, Excess energy, Hydrogen gas absorption, Oil-flow calorimetry, Mesoporous silica, 10 keV/atom-H | Ni-based binary nano-composite samples supported by mesoporous silica and single-component nickel samples were subjected to hydrogen absorption runs at various temperatures up to 350?C. The former include Pd0:016Ni0:070/SiO2 (PNSII) and Cu0:011Ni0:077/SiO2 (CNS2), and the latter NiO/Ni (NN) and Ni/SiO2 (NS). Only the binary nano-composite samples, PNSII and CNS2, showed excess power reaching 8 W/g-Pd and 1 W/g-Ni with integrated excess energy of 3.8 keV/Pd (6.5 keV/atom-H) and 0.6 keV/Ni (10 keV/atom-H), respectively, in elevated temperature runs, implying a catalytic effect of the minority atoms on the phenomena. These excess heat values were observed after the saturation of H-absorption to metal, which implies a non-chemical source of energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=143 | ||||||
| 2085 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Takahashi, K., Seto, R., Matsuda, Y., Iwamura, Y., Uchimura, M., Takahashi, H., Hioki, T., Motohiro, T., Furuyama, Y., Kishida, M. | 2017 | Collaborative Examination on Anomalous Heat Effect Using Nickel-based Binary Nanocomposites Supported by Zirconia | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Collaborative Examination on Anomalous Heat Effect Using Nickel-based Binary Nanocomposites Supported by Zirconia | Anomalous excess heat, Binary Ni-based nano-particles, Elevated temperature, Large hydrogen absorption, Melt-spinning samples, ZrO2 supporter | Hydrogen isotope absorption by nickel-based binary nanocomposite samples has been examined in collaborative work in the new NEDO MHE project. The samples tested so far include Pd0.044Ni0.31Zr0.65 (??NZ3? and re-calcined ??NZ3r?) and Cu0.044Ni0.31Zr0.65 (?NZ5?). Material characterization by XRD and STEM/EDS has revealed the . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=214 | ||||||
| 2086 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Takahashi, K., Seto, R., Hatano, T., Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Kasagi, J., Nakamura, M., Uchimura, M., Takahashi, H., Sumitomo, S., Hioki, T., Motohiro, T., Furuyama, Y., Kishida, M., Matsune, H. | 2018 | Excess heat evolution from nanocomposite samples under exposure to hydrogen isotope gases | International Journal of Hydrogen Energy | 2018/07/24/ | Excess heat evolution from nanocomposite samples under exposure to hydrogen isotope gases | D-gas, H?as, Palladium-nickel, Nanocomposite, Excess Heat | 0360-3199 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.06.187 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319918320925 | ||||||
| 2087 | Journal Article | Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Takahashi, K., Seto, R., Hatano, T., Iwamura, Y., Itoh, T., Kasagi, J., Nakamura, M., Uchimura, M., Takahashi, H., Sumitomo, S., Hioki, T., Motohiro, T., Furuyama, Y., Kishida, M., Matsune, H. | 2018 | Excess heat evolution from nanocomposite samples under exposure to hydrogen isotope gases | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 43, Num = 33, Page = 16187-16200 | Excess heat evolution from nanocomposite samples under exposure to hydrogen isotope gases | D2-gasH2?asPalladium-nickelNanocompositeExcessHeat | Anomalous heat effect by interaction of hydrogen isotope gas and metal nanocomposites supported by zirconia or by silica has been examined. Observed absorption and heat evolution at RT were not too large to be explained by some chemical processes. At elevated temperatures of 200?300 ?, most samples with binary metal nanocomposites produced excess power of 3?24 W lasting for up to several weeks. The excess power was observed not only in the D-Pd?i system but also in the HPd?i system and HCu?i system, while single-element nanoparticle samples produced no excess power. The Pd/Ni ratio is one of the keys to increase the excess power. The maximum phase-averaged excess heat energy exceeded 270 keV/D, and the integrated excess heat energy reached 100 MJ/mol-M or 90 MJ/mol-H. It is impossible to attribute the excess heat energy to any chemical reaction; it is possibly due to radiation-free nuclear process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KitamuraAexcessheata.pdf | ||||||
| 2088 | Book | Kitcher, P. | 1992 | Authority, deference, and the role of individual reason | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 43, Num = 33, Page = 16187-16200 | U. Notre Dame Press | Authority, deference, and the role of individual reason | discussion | |||||||
| 2089 | Book | Kitcher, P. | 1992 | The Social Dimensions of Science Authority, deference, and the role of individual reason | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 43, Num = 33, Page = 16187-16200 | McMullin, E. | U. Notre Dame Press | Editor, Series The Social Dimensions of Science Authority, deference, and the role of individual reason | discussion | ||||||
| 2090 | Journal Article | Kleehaus, A., Eisner, C. | 2014 | Potential Economic Impact of LENR Technology in Energy Markets | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 290-293 Potential Economic Impact of LENR Technology in Energy Markets | LENR Pricing, Commercialization of LENR, Technology Assessment, LENR Economy | There has been a huge discussion about the technology of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) devices. Some of the common assumptions about this technology discussed the projected major transformation of our present society in points of infrastructure, cost of power and power storage, but a clear economic impact simulation in a business plan systematic review matter with different parameters and scenarios is still missing. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KleehausApotentiale.pdf | ||||||
| 2091 | Conference Proceedings | Klein, A. C., Zahm, L. L., Binney, S. E., Reyes, J. N., Higginbotham, J. F., Robinson, A. H., Daniels, M., Peterson, R. B. | 1990 | Anomalous Heat Output from Pd Cathodes Without Detectable Nuclear Products | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 247 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Anomalous Heat Output from Pd Cathodes Without Detectable Nuclear Products | Pd D2O, heat+, tritium, neutron, gamma emission, electrolysis | ||||
| 2092 | Conference Proceedings | Klein, B. | 1995 | A Development Approach for Cold Fusion | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 495 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | A Development Approach for Cold Fusion | Review | A plan is presented for investigation and development of the cold fusion effect, ultimately leading to implementation of commercial devices. The plan represents a methodical approach for identifying and addressing theoretical, scientific, engineering and economic concerns. The plan is presented from the perspective of a large architect/engineering corporation which performs work in established energy industries and which is not currently involved in cold fusion. The plan consists of a number of phases designed to establish the corporation's level and method of involvement in the field. The phased plan provides a number of decision points; at each decision point a commitment to a higher level of funding is made on the basis of additional information which has been generated by the plan to that point. In this way the corporation can control its financial outlay, yet funding is appropriate so that pursuit of the plan is not hampered. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=396 | ||
| 2093 | Journal Article | Klema, E. D., Iseler, G. W. | 1996 | Spark-induced radiation from hydrogen or deuterium-loaded palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Spark-induced radiation from hydrogen or deuterium-loaded palladium | Pd, D2, H2, loading, spark, radioactivity, x-ray | ||||||||
| 2094 | Report | Klepacki, D. J., Kim, Y. E., Brandenburg, R. A. | 1989 | Two-Body Photodisintegration of 3-Helium and 3-Helium Near the Giant Resonance I. Plane-Wave Approximation | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Two-Body Photodisintegration of 3-Helium and 3-Helium Near the Giant Resonance I. Plane-Wave Approximation | theory | ||||||||
| 2095 | Journal Article | Klimov, A. | 2016 | Energy Release and Transmutation of Chemical Elements in Cold Heterogeneous Plasmoids | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 155 Energy Release and Transmutation of Chemical Elements in Cold Heterogeneous Plasmoids | Plasma aerodynamics, Plasma vortex reactor, Plasmoid, Excess energy release | Our main experimental results from excess energy release (COP >1) in cold heterogeneous (nano-cluster) plasmoid are considered and analyzed in this work. These experimental results were obtained by our team during the last 20 years. The main results may be divided into four groups. (1) Excess energy release behind shock wave in a non-equilibrium heterogeneous plasma and plasma precursor creation before its front was revealed in our experiment. This measured energy is much higher than the electric energy consumed by the plasma, COP ~ 4?10. This excess energy is estimated by measured gas density and pressure behind shock wave, its propagation velocity in plasma, and by using gas dynamics conservation laws. (2) A systematic study of new chemical element creation in water by cold heterogeneous plasmoids was performed. The plasmoids are created by RF discharge over water surface. The plasmoid's chemical composition is determined by optical spectroscopy. The chemical compositions of water and its sediment are studied by independent diagnostic methods: IR spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, ion mass spectroscopy, chemical analysis and micro-X-ray spectroscopy. We observed optical lines of the H, Li, K, Ca, OH-molecular bands, CaO-molecular bands and unknown molecular bands inside red plasmoids. The Li concentration and the Ca concentration are increased in a water sample by factor 102 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=164 | ||||||
| 2096 | Journal Article | Klimov, A., Grigorenko, A., Efimov, A., Evstigneev, N., Ryabkov, O., Sidorenko, M., Soloviev, A., Tolkunov, B. | 2016 | High-energetic Nano-cluster Plasmoid and its Soft X-ray Radiation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 145 High-energetic Nano-cluster Plasmoid and its Soft X-ray Radiation | Plasmoid, plasma-chemical reactor, Soft X-ray radiation, Swirl flow | Artificial stable microwave (MW) plasmoids were obtained and studied by Kapitsa in swirl gas flow. ThisMWplasmoid had unusual physical properties close to those of natural ball lightning. We studied the physical parameters and properties of a longitudinal heterogeneous plasmoid (plasma formation with erosive nano-clusters) created by capacity coupled high-frequency (HF) discharge in high-speed swirl flow in our previous papers. These nano-clusters were created by an electrode's erosion in a plasma reactor. Measurement of the power balance of this heterogeneous plasmoid is very important for aluminium-hydrogen power energetics, using a new plasma generator with high coefficient of performance (COP). This work is a continuation of our previous work. We determined that there is extra power released in heterogeneous plasmoids created by combined discharge (HF discharge + DC discharge). The measured COP in this plasmoid is about 2?10. We suppose that this extra power release in a heterogeneous plasmoid is connected with LENR. The obtained experimental results (COP, optical spectra, soft X-ray spectra, chemical composition of dusty particles) prove our suggestion. It was revealed that a heterogeneous non-equilibrium plasmoid creates intensive soft X-ray radiation (with quantum energy about 1?10 keV). We determined that excited and charged cluster particles are responsible for this soft X-ray radiation creation, to be exact. Parameters of heterogeneous non-equilibrium plasmoid (Ne, Te, TV, TR and others) were measured in the experimental plasma vortex reactor (PVR). The main goals of this work are the following: (1) Creation of plasma-chemical vortex reactor (PVR) with high COP. (2) Obtaining of the key experimental results in this reactor for the future theoretical LENR model creation based on the PVR?? operation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=153 | ||||||
| 2097 | Conference Proceedings | Klopfenstein, M. F., Dash, J. | 1998 | Thermal Imaging during Electrolysis of Heavy Water with a Ti Cathode | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 98 | Jaeger, F. | Vancouver, Canada | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Thermal Imaging during Electrolysis of Heavy Water with a Ti Cathode | Ti, D2O, electrolysis, heat, surface analysis, ICCF-7 | Two closed cells in series, one with a titanium cathode and one control, both with D2O-H2SO4 electrolyte, were electrolyzed. A thermal imaging device (Agema 900 series) was used to determine the temperature distribution from top to bottom of each cell. A videotape shows the thermal images as a function of time, as well as the temperatures at the top and bottom of each cell. The average temperature of the experimental and control cells was nearly the same for the first 50 minutes of the experiment. After this, the temperature in the upper part of the control cell, where the recombination catalyst was located, increased rapidly compared with the experimental cell. SEM and EDS characterized the titanium cathode before and after electrolysis. Changes in surface topography and microcomposition were determined. Changes in isotopic abundance were determined by h igh resolution (Micromass Plasma Trace 1) ICPIMS. The ratio of Ti isotope of mass 50 to each of the other stable isotopes was 5-10% less after electrolysis compared with the same titanium sample before electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=98 | ||
| 2098 | Journal Article | Klotz, I. M., Katz, J. J. | 1991 | Two extraordinary electrical experiments | Am. Scholar, Vol = 60 | Two extraordinary electrical experiments | history | ||||||||
| 2099 | Journal Article | Klyuev, V. A., Lipson, A. G., Toporov, Yu. P., Deryagin, B. V., Lushohikov, V. I., Streikov, A. V., Shabalin, E. P. | 1986 | High-energy Processes Accompanying the Fracture of Solids | Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 12 | High-energy Processes Accompanying the Fracture of Solids | fractofusion, D, neutron | ||||||||
| 2100 | Journal Article | Knapp, J. A., Guilinger, T. R., Kelly, M. J., Doyle, B. L., Walsh, D., Tsao, S. S. | 1990 | Thin-foil electrochemical cells: high-sensitivity fusion tests and in-situ beam measurements of deuterium loading | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 371 | Thin-foil electrochemical cells: high-sensitivity fusion tests and in-situ beam measurements of deuterium loading | particle emission, Pd, D2, H2, ion implantation | ||||||||
| 2101 | Conference Proceedings | Knies, D., Violante, V., Grabowski, K. S., Dominguez, D. D., He, J., Hu, J. Z., Qadri, S. B., Hubler, G. K. | 2009 | In Situ Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction Study of Thin Pd Foil at D/Pd and H/Pd ~1 (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | In Situ Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction Study of Thin Pd Foil at D/Pd and H/Pd ~1 (PowerPoint slides) | Loading | Motivation * In situ XRD not performed for H/Pd > 0.76 in Fleischmann-Pons electrolytic cells Possibility of learning * Does a new gamma phase was suggested by Tripodi et. al. for the electrochemically loaded palladium when the composition H/Pd approaching 1 exist? * Does temperature coefficient of resistivity of PdH versus the concentration of H anomaly show up in Pd crystalline structure (Tripodi et. al.)? * In the Pd-D system, new phases were found through deuterium thermal desorption spectra. Does anything show up on FPE system (Rybalko et. al.)? * Report showing oscillating resistivity for palladium hydrides at some concentration range of H/Pd>0.9 (Miley et. al.). * These proposed phase transitions are only based on indirect experimental data and have not been structurally determined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KniesDinsituener.pdf | ||||
| 2102 | Conference Proceedings | Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., Kidwell, D., Nguyen, V. K., Melich, M. E. | 2009 | Differential Thermal Analysis Calorimeter at the Naval Research Laboratory | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Differential Thermal Analysis Calorimeter at the Naval Research Laboratory | Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a standard thermoanalytic technique used widely in industry and research. Drawing on this concept, DTA based calorimeters are under development at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) for the study of hydrogen in metals. The design goals are: high sensitivity, linear response, short time constant, tolerant to ambient temperature variations, easy to adapt to experimental constraints and low cost. In this paper we detail basic design requirements, and show a number of examples of their implementation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=55 | |||||
| 2103 | Conference Proceedings | Knies, D., Violante, V., Grabowski, K. S., Hu, J. Z., Dominguez, D. D., He, J., Qadri, S. B., Hubler, G. K. | 2009 | In Situ Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction Study of Thin Pd Foils at D/Pd and H/Pd ~1 | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | In Situ Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction Study of Thin Pd Foils at D/Pd and H/Pd ~1 | Time resolved, in-situ, energy dispersive x-ray diffraction was performed in a modified Fleishman-Pons electrolytic cell during electrochemical loading of palladium foil cathodes with hydrogen and deuterium. Concentrations of H:Pd (D:Pd) up to 1:1 in 0.1 M LiOH (LiOD) in H2O (D2O) electrolyte were obtained, as determined by both the Pd lattice parameter and cathode resistivity. In addition, some indications on the kinetics of loading and deloading of hydrogen from the Pd surface were obtained. The alpha-beta phase transformations were clearly delineated but no new phases at high concentration were determined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=176 | |||||
| 2104 | Journal Article | Knies, D., Violante, V., Grabowski, K. S., Hu, J. Z., Dominguez, D. D., He, J., Qadri, S. B., Hubler, G. K. | 2012 | In-situ synchrotron energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction study of thin Pd foils with Pd:D and Pd:H concentrations up to 1:1 | J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 112, Num = 083510 | In-situ synchrotron energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction study of thin Pd foils with Pd:D and Pd:H concentrations up to 1:1 | Loading | ||||||||
| 2105 | Conference Proceedings | Knies, D., Cantwell, R., Dmitriyeva, O., Hamm, S., McConnell, M. | 2015 | A Method to Control Palladium Crystallographic Texture and Surface Morphology (PowerPoint slides) | ICCF19 conference | A Method to Control Palladium Crystallographic Texture and Surface Morphology (PowerPoint slides) | Statistical studies performed at SRI and ENEA have identified a potential threshold deuterium loading (D/Pd~0.9), surface texture {100}<001>, and surface morphology that give the highest probability to observation of the Fleischman-Pons excess heat effect using palladium foils. The development of crystallographic texture, grain size distribution, and rate of recrystallization are controlled by many factors. The surface morphology that develops during strong acid etching is strongly influenced by the thickness of the type of oxide layer that forms during recrystallization and subsequent cooling. This paper will report on annealing, oxidation and etching procedures to produce foils with desired crystallographic texture, surface morphology, strong grain boundary grooving, and the apparent discount between metallurgical treatment treatments and hydrogen loading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KniesDamethodtoc.pdf | |||||||
| 2106 | Conference Proceedings | Kobayashi, M., Imai, N., Hasegawa, N., Kubota, A., Kunimatsu, K. | 1992 | Measurements of D/Pd and Excess Heat during Electrolysis of LiOD in a Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell Using a Palladium Sheet Cathode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 385 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Measurements of D/Pd and Excess Heat during Electrolysis of LiOD in a Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell Using a Palladium Sheet Cathode | Pd, D2O, heat+, overvoltage, electrolysis, ICCF-3, high-low, loading | Measurement of O/Pd and excess heat was carried out during electrolysis of LiOD in a fuel-cell type closed cell using two batches of palladium sheet cathodes. We applied the 'saw-tooth' current mode and the following 'L-H ' current mode which was employed originally by Takahashi. Excess heat of 1 0-30% of input power was observed in experiment-A using a Pd sheet cathode that was one of the same batch used by Takahashi. But in experiment-B, the palladium sheet that was one of the different batch did not produce any measurable excess power. The saw-tooth mode and the L-H mode operation had no effect to enhance D/Pd. Pd from the same batch of Tanaka Metals used by Takahashi produced heat but a different batch did not. Calorimeter was closed and sealed. Overvoltage vs D/Pd measured. The High-Low current mode does not appear to result in an increased D/Pd ratio. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=125 | ||
| 2107 | Journal Article | Kobayashi, M. | 1993 | Present of 'cold fusion' | Kagaku Kogaku, Vol = 57, Num = 10, Page = 715 (in Japanese) | Present of 'cold fusion' | Review | ||||||||
| 2108 | Journal Article | Kochubey, D. I., Babenko, V. P., Vargaftik, M. N., I., Moiseev. | 1991 | Enrichment of deuterium with tritium in the presence of a palladium-561 giant cluster | J. Molec. Catal., Vol = 66 | Enrichment of deuterium with tritium in the presence of a palladium-561 giant cluster | D2, chemical, tritium | ||||||||
| 2109 | Journal Article | Kocsis, M., Nyikos, L., Szentpetery, I., Horvath, D., Kecskemeti, J., Lovas, A., Pajkossy, T., Pocs, L. | 1990 | Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 145, Num = 5, Page = 327 | Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion | electrolysis, D2, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 2110 | Journal Article | Kogashi, S. | 1990 | Present status of cold fusion research | J. Inst. Electron. Inf. Commun. Eng. (Japan), Vol = 73 | Present status of cold fusion research | history | ||||||||
| 2111 | Journal Article | Kojima, H., Tebble, R. S., Williams, D. E. G. | 1961 | The variation with temperature of the magnetic susceptibility of some of the transition metals | Proc. Royal Soc London, A, Vol = 260 | The variation with temperature of the magnetic susceptibility of some of the transition metals | susceptibility, Pd, Pt, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, W, Re, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir | ||||||||
| 2112 | Conference Proceedings | Kojima, H., Zhang, W-S., Dash, J. | 2007 | Precision Measurement Of Excess Energy In Electrolytic System Pd/D/H2SO4 And Inverse-Power Distribution Of Energy Pulses Vs. Excess Energy | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Precision Measurement Of Excess Energy In Electrolytic System Pd/D/H2SO4 And Inverse-Power Distribution Of Energy Pulses Vs. Excess Energy | calorimeter, method | Excess energy was measured with a Seebeck envelope calorimeter in an electrolytic system containing a 2 mm diameter Pd tube cathode. After about 50 hours of electrolysis, many power pulses (Pex < ∼0.5 W) and bursts? (Pex > ∼0.5 W) of excess power Pex were observed.? The distribution of the number of power pulses N(Pex) with definite excess power Pex plotted on a logarithmic scale is expressed as a straight line with a gradient ~ - 2 for Pex < ∼0.5 W showing the typical behavior of the 1/f noise. The distribution for Pex > ∼0.5 W deviates from this regularity. These characteristic behaviors are discussed in relation to complexity in the mechanism of the excess energy generation in the experimental system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KojimaHprecisionm.pdf | |||||
| 2113 | Conference Proceedings | Koldamsov, A., Yang, H., McConnell, D., Kornilova, A. A., Vysotskii, V., Desyatov, A. | 2005 | Observation And Investigation Of Nuclear Fusion And Self-Induced Electric Discharges In Turbulent Liquids | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Observation And Investigation Of Nuclear Fusion And Self-Induced Electric Discharges In Turbulent Liquids | cavitation | ||||||
| 2114 | Journal Article | Komaki, H. | 1967 | production de proteins par 29 souches de microorganismes et augmentation du potassium en milieu de culture sodique sans potassium | Revue de Pathologie Comparee, Vol = 67 | production de proteins par 29 souches de microorganismes et augmentation du potassium en milieu de culture sodique sans potassium | biological, transmutation | ||||||||
| 2115 | Journal Article | Komaki, H. | 1969 | Formation de protines et variations minerales par des microorganismes en milieu de culture, sort avec or sans potassium, sort avec ou sans phosphore | Revue de Pathologie Comparee, Vol = 69 | Formation de protines et variations minerales par des microorganismes en milieu de culture, sort avec or sans potassium, sort avec ou sans phosphore | biological, transmutation | ||||||||
| 2116 | Conference Proceedings | Komaki, H., Kervran, C. L. | 1975 | Experiences de Komaki, Premiere Serie de Recherches | Preuves en biologie de transmutations a faible energie | Maloine, S. A. , Paris | 1975 | Experiences de Komaki, Premiere Serie de Recherches | |||||||
| 2117 | Conference Proceedings | Komaki, H. | 1992 | Observations on the Biological Cold Fusion or the Biological Transformation of Elements | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 555 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Observations on the Biological Cold Fusion or the Biological Transformation of Elements | biological, transmutation, ICCF-3 | In previous paper [1-7] the author with Prof. Dr. C. Louis KERVRAN suggested the probable occurrence of the biological cold fusion or the biological transmutation of elements. In order to confirm the phenomena. under the more controlled condition, potassium, magnesium, iron and calcium were determined in cells of Aspergillus niger IFO 4066. Penicillium chrysogenum IFO 4689, Rhizopus nigricans IFO 5781, Mucor rouxii IFO 0396, Saccharomyces cerevisiae IFO 0308. Torulopsis utilis IFO 0396, Saccharomyces ellipsoideus IFO 0213 and Hansenula anomala IFO 0118 cultured in normal medium and media deficient in one of potassium, magnesium, iron or calcium. Values of potassium 1890 ~ 2650 μg. magnesium 380 ~ 510 μg. iron 95 - 120 μg, and calcium 60 ~ 95 μg were obtained per g dried cells cultured in each deficient medium, while potassium 8650 ~ 11050 μg, magnesium 1920 ~ 2160 μg, iron 510 - 680 μg, and calcium 380 ~ 450 μg were found per g dried cells obtained by cultivation in the normal medium. The author would like to suggest the probable occurrence of the phenomena relevant to biological cold fusion. Various biological cultures (molds and yeasts) of single cells were analyzed after being grown in a normal medium and one that was difficient in K, Mg, Fe or Ca. Even when the medium did not contain these elements, significant amounts were found in the cells. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=293 | ||
| 2118 | Conference Proceedings | Komaki, H. | 1993 | An Approach to the Probable Mechanism of the Non-Radioactive Biological Cold Fusion or So-Called Kervran Effect (Part 2) | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 44 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | An Approach to the Probable Mechanism of the Non-Radioactive Biological Cold Fusion or So-Called Kervran Effect (Part 2) | biological, transmutation, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2119 | Journal Article | Komarov, V. V. | 1990 | Does Cold Fusion Exist and is it Measurable? | Z. Naturforsch. A, Vol = 45, Num = 2, Page = 759 | Does Cold Fusion Exist and is it Measurable? | theory | ||||||||
| 2120 | Journal Article | Konashi, K., Kayano, H., Teshigawara, M. | 1996 | Analysis of heavy-ion-induced deuteron-deuteron fusion in solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | Analysis of heavy-ion-induced deuteron-deuteron fusion in solids | Theory, ion bombardment, fusion | ||||||||
| 2121 | Journal Article | Kondo, J. | 1989 | Cold fusion in metals | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 58, Num = 6, Page = 1869 | Cold fusion in metals | Theory, jellium | ||||||||
| 2122 | Journal Article | Konenkov, N. V., Silakov, S. S., Mogil'chenko, G. A. | 1991 | Quadrupole mass-spectrometric analysis of hydrogen isotopes during deuterium implantation in titanium | Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 17, Num = 1, Page = 8 | Quadrupole mass-spectrometric analysis of hydrogen isotopes during deuterium implantation in titanium | Ti, helium, tritium, ion implantation | ||||||||
| 2123 | Conference Proceedings | Konishi, S. | 1990 | Translated Summary of the 'Proc. of the Topical Meeting on Cold Fusion' | Proc. of the Topical Meeting on Cold Fusion | Japan | Feb. 1990 | Translated Summary of the 'Proc. of the Topical Meeting on Cold Fusion' | history, review | ||||||
| 2124 | Magazine Article | Kooistra, J. | 2003 | The Alternate View - LENR Part I | Analog Science Fiction and Fact, Vol = February | The Alternate View - LENR Part I | Review | Now and then, the subject of 'cold fusion' comes up in the Analog online forum, and I, as the resident expert, wind up entering discussions on the topic. Unfortunately, what? soon happens is that I start getting questions-usually pretty good ones-that I can't possibly answer in the amount of time I'm willing to spend hanging out on the Internet, let alone the fraction of that time I have to devote to the forum. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KooistraJthealterna.pdf | ||||||
| 2125 | Magazine Article | Kooistra, J. | 2003 | The Alternate View - LENR Part II | Analog Science Fiction and Fact, Vol = June | The Alternate View - LENR Part II | Review | In Part I of this column, I explained that 'cold fusion' may not be fusion at all, and that the preferred term is now Low Energy Nuclear Reactions, or LENR. I also discussed my relevant experience as an experimental physicist; experience which led me to reject outright early claims that 'cold fusion is all hooey,' based on hastily conducted experiments that failed to replicate the original result. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KooistraJthealternaa.pdf | ||||||
| 2126 | Journal Article | Koonin, S. E., Nauenberg, M. | 1989 | Calculated fusion rates in isotopic hydrogen molecules | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Calculated fusion rates in isotopic hydrogen molecules | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 2127 | Journal Article | Koonin, S. E., Mukerjee, M. | 1990 | Branching ratios in low-energy deuteron-induced reactions | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 42 | Branching ratios in low-energy deuteron-induced reactions | Theory, branching ratio, critique | ||||||||
| 2128 | Journal Article | Kopecek, R., Dash, J. | 1996 | Excess Heat and Unexpected Elements from Electrolysis of Heavy Water with Titanium Cathodes | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 46 | Excess Heat and Unexpected Elements from Electrolysis of Heavy Water with Titanium Cathodes | transmutation, Ti, D2O, electrolysis | Excess heat was produced at the rate of about 1.2 watts during electrolysis of heavy water with a titanium cathode weighing 0.0625 g. Analysis of the electrodes before and after electrolysis with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) revealed that new surface topographical features with concentrations of unexpected elements (S, K, Ca, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Zn ) formed during electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KopecekRexcessheat.pdf | ||||||
| 2129 | Conference Proceedings | Kornilova, A. A., Vysotskii, V., Zykov, G. A. | 2002 | Investigation of combined influence of Sr, Cl and S on the effectiveness of nuclear transmutation of Fe-54 isotope in biological cultures | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Investigation of combined influence of Sr, Cl and S on the effectiveness of nuclear transmutation of Fe-54 isotope in biological cultures 4015 | ICCF-9, biological, Fe, transmutation | |||||
| 2130 | Conference Proceedings | Kornilova, A. A., Vysotskii, V., Sysoev, N., Desyatov, A. | 2008 | Investigation of radiation effects at bubble cavitation in running liquid | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Investigation of radiation effects at bubble cavitation in running liquid | cavitation | |||||||
| 2131 | Journal Article | Kornilova, A. A., Gaydamaka, S., Panchishin, A. I., Vysotskii, V., Vysotskyy, M., Bolotokov, A. A. | 2020 | The Possible Role of LENR in Dentistry (Reasons, Effects and Prevention) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | The Possible Role of LENR in Dentistry (Reasons, Effects and Prevention) | Coherent correlated states of particles, LENR in medicine, Nuclear reaction in microbiological systems | The possibility of the influence of nuclear effects on the destruction of the tooth surface using dental implants made of titanium is considered. It has been shown for the first time that this process is associated with LENR occurring between selective titanium and calcium isotopes and leading to the formation of a molybdenum isotope. This reaction is stimulated by the growth of natural microbiological cultures located in the oral cavity. The mechanism of such reactions is associated with the formation of coherent correlated states, which are formed due to the topological features of growing microcultures. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=339 | ||||||
| 2132 | Journal Article | Kosyakhkov, A. A., Triletskii, V. S., Cherepin, V. T., Chichkan, S. M. | 1989 | Detection helium-3 and tritium formed during ion-plasma saturation of titanium with deuterium | Pis`ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., Vol = 49 | Detection helium-3 and tritium formed during ion-plasma saturation of titanium with deuterium | ion bombardment, Ti, Helium, tritium | ||||||||
| 2133 | Journal Article | Kosyakhkov, A. A., Cherepin, V. T., Kolotyi, V. V., Kisurin, K. K. | 1990 | Neutron yield in the deuterium ion implantation into titanium | Fiz. Tverd. Tela, Vol = 32 | Neutron yield in the deuterium ion implantation into titanium | ion bombardment, Ti, neutron | ||||||||
| 2134 | Journal Article | Kosyakhkov, A. A., Triletskii, S. S., Cherepin, V. T., Chichkan, S. M. | 1990 | Mass-spectrometric study of the products of nuclear reactions occurring by ion-plasma saturation of titanium with deuterium | Dokl. Akad. Nauk [Tekh. Fiz.], Vol = 312, Num = 1, Page = 96 (in Russian) | Mass-spectrometric study of the products of nuclear reactions occurring by ion-plasma saturation of titanium with deuterium | ion bombardment, Ti, neutron | ||||||||
| 2135 | Journal Article | Kovacs, A., Brown, D., Ek, F. | 2017 | Exothermic Reactions in the Partially Molten Li?i??u Alloy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Exothermic Reactions in the Partially Molten Li?i??u Alloy | Continuous operation, High power rate, Lithium??ickel?opper fuel, Nuclear reaction, Temperature cycling | Experiments with Li--Ni--Cu alloy, as a novel energy source, are described. The experiments are performed in the 1200--1300 deg C temperature range, using welded metallic containers and also in open tube under inert gas flow. The measured reaction energy is too high to be explained by chemical origin. The initial experiments elucidate the properties of this reaction, while the last experiment demonstrates its continuous operation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=165 | ||||||
| 2136 | Journal Article | Kovacs, A., Wang, D., Ivanov, P. N. | 2019 | Investigation of Electron Mediated Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Investigation of Electron Mediated Nuclear Reactions | Electron zitterbewegung, Highly localized electron states, Nuclear fuel, Nuclear energy production | We investigated the concept of electron mediated nuclear reactions. The analysis of experimental reaction data indicates burst-like reactions and continuous energy production phases, which appear to be two distinct processes. We discuss the signatures of electron states which are highly localized around the nucleus. A theory of electron transitions into such highly localized states is proposed, with good correspondence to the observed reaction dynamics. Understanding the underlying nuclear reaction requires further investigation. With respect to applications, the discovered process implies the possibility of sustainable energy production from fuels comprising hydrogen, nickel, and lithium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=425 | ||||||
| 2137 | Journal Article | Koval'chuk, E. P., Romaniv, O. N., Pazderskii, Yu. A., Aksiment'eva, E. M., Babei, Yu. I., Koval'chuk, A. E. | 1989 | Electrochemically stimulated radiation by metals | Fiz.-Khim. Mekh. Mater., Vol = 25 | Electrochemically stimulated radiation by metals | Ni, Fe, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, beta | ||||||||
| 2138 | Journal Article | Koval'chuk, E. P., Yanchuk, O. M., Reshetnyak, O. V. | 1994 | Electromagnetic radiation during electrolysis of heavy water | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 189 | Electromagnetic radiation during electrolysis of heavy water | Ni, Pd, electrolysis, radiation | ||||||||
| 2139 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L. | 2003 | The Dilemma Of A Physics Teacher | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The Dilemma Of A Physics Teacher | critique | This presentation is dedicated to an unknown high school chemistry student who sent me an e-mail message last spring. She wrote: 'Help! My name is Maggie Johnson and I am a sophomore at Saratoga High School. In my chemistry class, I am doing a project on Cold Fusion. I was looking on the Internet for websites on Cold Fusion, and I came across links to your Cold Fusion items. I was wondering if you could give me some advice or information?' 1) A year ago I would have replied that cold fusion is pseudoscience. But I am no longer comfortable with this kind of reply. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLthedilemma.pdf | |||
| 2140 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L. | 2003 | Teachers Debate Cold Fusion | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Teachers Debate Cold Fusion | critique | What follows is a collection of messages about cold fusion from teachers. The messages were posted on the Internet discussion list, Phys-L, or were sent to me in private. They illustrate a wide range of opinion. PHYS-L is a list dedicated to learning and teaching physics with 700 subscribers from over 35 countries, the majority of whom are physics educators. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLteachersde.pdf | |||
| 2141 | Personal Communication | Kowalski, L. | 2004 | Please Donate ICCF Proceedings To The Niels Bohr Library | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | Please Donate ICCF Proceedings To The Niels Bohr Library | The Niels Bohr Library is dedicated to the history of physics and allied fields. It is part of the Center for History of Physics of the American Institute of Physics (AIP), located in College Park, Maryland. (See http://www.aip.org/history/nblbro.htm.) I have recently been in contact with director of Library, Dr. R. J. Anderson. He has indicated that the Library is interested in preserving proceedings of cold fusion conferences. I would like to coordinate the process of collecting these important materials from those who are willing to become donors. Please contact me, preferably by email, even if you have only one volume to donate. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLpleasedona.pdf | |||||||
| 2142 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L. | 2004 | History of attempts to publish a paper | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | History of attempts to publish a paper | history | My 2004 paper, reviewing recent cold fusion claim, has been rejected (without sending it to referees and without offering any criticism) by editors of seven journals: 1) Physics Today, USA 2) American Scientist, USA 3) Scientific American, USA 4) Nature, UK 5 New Scientist, UK 6) The Physics Teacher, USA 7) Science, USA | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLhistoryofa.pdf | |||||
| 2143 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L. | 2004 | Recent cold fusion claims: are they valid? | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Recent cold fusion claims: are they valid? | Review | What is Cold Fusion? Cold fusion (CF) is a mixture of several claims that may or may not be related. Some of them belong to the realm of basic science while others belong to the area of patents. And some seem to be science fiction. From the point of view of history the CF episode, described in several books (1-7) and articles (8,9), is highly unusual. It is a situation in which the validity of research in one particular field has been officially questioned, at least in the US. According to many scientists, the cold fusion claims are in conflict with basic principles of physics and chemistry. That is why most researchers are no longer interested in cold fusion. Surprisingly, however, the field still attracts a large number of investigators with excellent credentials. Once a year they meet at international conferences and publish papers, most often in conference proceedings and over the Internet (10).? As a nuclear physicist, and a physics teacher, I examined some of these publications and attended one cold fusion conference (11). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLrecentcold.pdf | |||||
| 2144 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L., Jones, S., Letts, D., Cravens, D. | 2004 | Charged particles from Ti and Pd foils | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Charged particles from Ti and Pd foils | charged particle, CR-39 | After familiarizing himself with the use of CR-39 detectors, about a year ago, the first author asked Steven Jones to send him a TiDx foil, similar to that described at the Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion (1). It was an attempt detect 3 MeV protons with the CR-39 chips. The idea was to develop an experiment suitable for student-oriented cold fusion projects. That is how the first author became a cold fusion researcher. After receiving the foil he sandwiched it between two CR-39 detectors for the period of 55 days. The area of each detector was one square inch. The exposure started three days after the sample was prepared (by keeping the titanium foil in deuterium gas at high temperature and pressure). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLchargedpar.pdf | |||||
| 2145 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L., Little, S., Luce, G. | 2005 | Searching for excess heat in Mizuno-type plasma electrolysis | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Searching for excess heat in Mizuno-type plasma electrolysis | glow discharge | Excess heat generated in the glow discharge plasma electrolysis, first reported by Mizuno and Ohmori (1), has been studied by several researchers, both in Japan (2, 3, 4) and in other countries (5, 6, 7, 8). Most reports, but not all, confirmed generation of excess heat. Facing this situation we decided to replicate the most recent experiment (8) in which excess heat was reported to increase with voltage. Our results do not confirm reality of excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLsearchingfa.pdf | ||||
| 2146 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L., Little, S., Luce, G., Slaughter, R. | 2005 | Searching for excess heat in a Mizuno-type Cell (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Searching for excess heat in a Mizuno-type Cell (PowerPoint slides) | glow discharge | ||||||
| 2147 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L., Luce, G., Little, S., Slaughter, R. | 2005 | New results and an ongoing excess heat controversy | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | New results and an ongoing excess heat controversy | glow discharge | ||||||
| 2148 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L. | 2007 | On emission of nuclear particles caused by electrolysis | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | On emission of nuclear particles caused by electrolysis | cr-39, particle emission | Numerous tracks of charged nuclear particles, emitted during electrolysis, were discovered by Oriani and Fisher. More recently, emission of such particles after electrolysis was discovered by Oriani. This presentation is based on ten experiments conducted to replicate the reported results. Seven clusters of tracks were found in two out of six electrolysis experiments. Three clusters were also found in one of four experiments conducted to study emission of nuclear particles after electrolysis. Arguments are presented against prosaic explanations for the clusters, such as natural radioactivity and cosmic rays. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLonemission.pdf | |||||
| 2149 | Conference Proceedings | Kowalski, L. | 2008 | Nuclear or not nuclear: how to decide? | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Nuclear or not nuclear: how to decide? | review | A recent claim demonstrating a nuclear process triggered by electrolysis is challenged. An analysis, based on relative diameters, is used to demonstrate that predominant pits could not possibly be attributed to alpha particles, or to less massive nuclear projectiles. This conclusion is supported not only by positive results from a replication experiment, but also by results from the experiment on which the original claim was based. While the numerous SPAWAR-type pits seem to be highly reproducible, their interpretation is not yet clear. The SPAWAR discovery can be called scientific (rather than protoscientific) because it is reproducible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLnuclearorn.pdf | |||||
| 2150 | Journal Article | Kowalski, L. | 2008 | Comments on 'The Use of CR-39 in Pd/D Co-deposition Experiments' by P.A. Mosier-Boss, S. Szpak, F.E. Gordon and L.P.G. Forsely, Interpreting SPAWAR-Type Dominant Pits | Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 44 | Comments on 'The Use of CR-39 in Pd/D Co-deposition Experiments' by P.A. Mosier-Boss, S. Szpak, F.E. Gordon and L.P.G. Forsely, Interpreting SPAWAR-Type Dominant Pits | cr-39, particle emission | A recent claim [Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 40, 293 (2007)] demonstrating a nuclear process triggered by electrolysis is challenged. An analysis, based on relative diameters, is used to demonstrate that predominant pits could not possibly be attributed to alpha particles, or to less massive nuclear projectiles. This conclusion is supported not only by positive results from a replication experiment, but also by results from the experiment on which the original claim was based. While the numerous SPAWAR-type pits seem to be highly reproducible, their interpretation is not yet clear. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLcommentson.pdf | ||||||
| 2151 | Journal Article | Kowalski, L. | 2010 | Comments on Codeposition Electrolysis Results | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | Comments on Codeposition Electrolysis Results | Codeposition electrolysis, Cold fusion, CMNS, CR39, LENR, SPAWAR | Results from SPAWAR-type experiments show that dominant pits, recorded with CR-39 detectors, are probably not due to alpha particles, as originally suspected. Two points of conflict, one experimental and another interpretational, remain to be resolved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 2152 | Report | Kowalski, L. | 2012 | Cold Fusion is not Voodoo Science | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | LENR-CANR.org | Cold Fusion is not Voodoo Science | Excess heat, review | The best way to start explaining CMNS is to refer to so-called 'hot fusion,' a process in which two atomic nuclei of hydrogen fuse at temperatures exceeding several million degrees. This process generates thermal energy (heat) in hydrogen bombs, and in stars. In the last five decades numerous attempts have been made to turn a hydrogen bomb explosion into a 'slowly burning' controllable process. This line of technological research, costing tens of billions of dollars, has not yet produced anything of practical use. Fusion of atomic nuclei has been studied by physicists since 1930s. We know that such fusion is only possible at extremely high temperatures. Its probability at ordinary temperatures-- that is below ten thousand degrees or so--is practically impossible, due to mutual electric repulsion of atomic nuclei. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KowalskiLcoldfusion.pdf | |||||
| 2153 | Journal Article | Kozima, H. | 1994 | Neutron Moessbauer effect and the cold fusion in inhomogeneous materials | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 107 A | Neutron Moessbauer effect and the cold fusion in inhomogeneous materials | Theory, Mossbauer, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2154 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H., Watanabe, S. | 1995 | Nuclear Processes in Trapped Neutron Catalyzed Model for Cold Fusion | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 347 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Nuclear Processes in Trapped Neutron Catalyzed Model for Cold Fusion | Theory, trapped neutron, ICCF-5 | Results are given of detailed calculations of 1) probability of channeling for particles generated in n - d and n - p fusion reactions, 2) fusion probability of a triton generated in n??? fusion with a deuteron and 3) fusion probability ol a deuteron accelerated by n - d elastic collision with another deuteron. A lot of neutrons are generated in a successive reactions of d - d fusion reactions triggered by a trapped thermal neutron enough to explain experimentally observed anomalous excess heat, neutron bursts and tritium anomaly in optimum situations. The results confirms the preliminary estimations used in the previous works. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=150 | ||
| 2155 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Hiroe, K., Nomura, M., Ohta, M. | 1996 | Analysis of the First Cold Fusion Experiment on TNCF Model Analysis of Tritium and Neutron Generation in Pd+LiOD/D2O System | Cold Fusion | Analysis of the First Cold Fusion Experiment on TNCF Model Analysis of Tritium and Neutron Generation in Pd+LiOD/D2O System | theory, TNCF | ||||||||
| 2156 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 1996 | On the existance of trapped thermal neutron in cold fusion materials | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 332 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | On the existance of trapped thermal neutron in cold fusion materials | theory, neutron, TNCF, ICCF-6 | The stable existence of the thermal neutron assumed in the TNCF model has been discussed in this paper on the basis of the interaction of the neutron and the nuclei on the lattice points in the crystal. If an optimum shape of a boundary is formed stochastically, neutrons could be trapped in a crystal region surrounded by the boundary. The trapped neutron can form the neutron Cooper pair lowering its energy interacting each other through the phonon. The stabilized neutron, then, will not decay spontaneously and also not be captured by one of the lattice nuclei. To specify the stability of a neutron in a crystal, a new concept 'neutron affinity of a nucleus' was introduced. Trapped neutron destabilized by a large perturbation can induce a trigger and succeeding breeding reactions resulting in the cold fusion phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=347 | |||
| 2157 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H., Katsuhiko, H., Masahiro, N., Masayuki, O. | 1996 | Analysis of the electrolytic cold fusion experiments on TNCF model | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 327 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Oct. 13-18, 1996 | Analysis of the electrolytic cold fusion experiments on TNCF model | theory, TNCF, neutron, ICCF-6 | A model based on the stable existence of thermal neutrons in crystals was used to analyze experimental data obtained in electrolytic systems. The density of the trapped thermal neutron nn in samples was determined using experimental results on the excess heat, helium 4 (4He), tritium and neutron. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=342 | ||
| 2158 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H., Nomura, M., Hiroe, K., Ohta, M. | 1996 | Nuclear Transmutation in Cold Fusion Experiments | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 660 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Nuclear Transmutation in Cold Fusion Experiments | transmutation, theory | Nuclear t.ransmutation in chemical and biological systems aTe invest.igated with use of Trapped Neutron Catalyzed Fusion Model (TNCF model). In the TNCF model, it is possible to analyze experiment.al data consistently and quantit.atively. We present the investigation of experimental results in cold fusion syst.ems with various materials and methods in this paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=261 | |||
| 2159 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H., Ohta, M., Nomura, M., Hiroe, K. | 1996 | Analysis of Nickel - Hydrogen Isotope System on TNCF Model | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 655 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Analysis of Nickel - Hydrogen Isotope System on TNCF Model | Ni-H, theory | Experimental results obtained in the Ni - Hand Pd - H systems generating the excess heat and/or with transmutated nuclei (NT) were investigated on Trapped Neutron Catalyzed Fusion (TNCF) model proposed by one of the authors (K.H.). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=256 | |||
| 2160 | Journal Article | Kozima, H. | 1996 | Excess Heat and Helium Generation in CF Experiments | Cold Fusion, Vol = 17 | Excess Heat and Helium Generation in CF Experiments | theory, neutron | ||||||||
| 2161 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Hiroe, K., Nomura, M., Ohta, M. | 1996 | On the Elemental Transmutation in Biological and Chemical Systems | Cold Fusion, Vol = 17 | On the Elemental Transmutation in Biological and Chemical Systems | theory, biological, transmutation | ||||||||
| 2162 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Watanabe, S., Hiroe, K., Nomura, M., Kaki, K. | 1997 | Analysis of cold fusion experiments generating excess heat, tritium and helium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 425 | Analysis of cold fusion experiments generating excess heat, tritium and helium | theory, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2163 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 1998 | The TNCF Model for the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 192 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canad | April 19-24, 1998 | The TNCF Model for the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | theory, neutron, ICCF-7 | Result of successful analysis of the cold fusion phenonenon on the TNCF model are surveyed. Remaining problems are summarized. The physics of the cold fusion depicted by the analysis on the model is explained. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=192 | ||
| 2164 | Journal Article | Kozima, H. | 1998 | The cold fusion phenomenon | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 6, Num = 1, Page = 68 | The cold fusion phenomenon | Review | ||||||||
| 2165 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Fujii, M., Arai, K. | 1998 | Tritium and helium measurements by Bockris et al. analyzed on the TNCF Model | Cold Fusion, Vol = 26 | Tritium and helium measurements by Bockris et al. analyzed on the TNCF Model | theory, neutron, tritium | ||||||||
| 2166 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Kaki, K., Ohta, M. | 1998 | Anomalous phenomenon in solids described by the TNCF model | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Anomalous phenomenon in solids described by the TNCF model | Theory, TNCF | ||||||||
| 2167 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Arai, K., Fujii, M., Kudoh, H., Yoshimoto, K., Kaki, K. | 1999 | Nuclear reactions in surface layers of deuterium-loaded solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 36 | Nuclear reactions in surface layers of deuterium-loaded solids | Theory, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2168 | Journal Article | Kozima, H. | 1999 | Present status of cold fusion research. 1 | Hoshasen Kagaku (Tokyo), Vol = 42, Num = 10, Page = 310 [in Japanese] | Present status of cold fusion research. 1 | Review | ||||||||
| 2169 | Journal Article | Kozima, H. | 1999 | Present status of cold fusion research. 2 | Hoshasen Kagaku (Tokyo), Vol = 42, Num = 11, Page = 351 [in Japanese] | Present status of cold fusion research. 2 | Review | ||||||||
| 2170 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Ohta, M., Fujii, M., Arai, K., Kudoh, H., Kaki, K. | 1999 | Analysis of energy spectrum of neutrons in cold-fusion experiments by the TCNF model | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 112 A | Analysis of energy spectrum of neutrons in cold-fusion experiments by the TCNF model | theory, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2171 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 2000 | The Cold Fusion Phenomenon and Physics of Neutrons in Solids | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 449 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | The Cold Fusion Phenomenon and Physics of Neutrons in Solids | theory, ICCF-8, neutron | ||||
| 2172 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 2000 | TNCF Model- A Phenomenological Approach | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 461 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | TNCF Model- A Phenomenological Approach | theory, TNCF, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2173 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H., Ohta, M., Arai, K., Fujii, M., Kudoh, H., Yoshimoto, K. | 2000 | Nuclear Transmutation in Solids Explained by TNCF Model | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 455 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Nuclear Transmutation in Solids Explained by TNCF Model | theory, TNCF, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2174 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Arai, K. | 2000 | Localized nuclear transmutation in PdHx observed by Bockris and Minevski revealed a characteristic of CF phenomenon | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 25, Num = 6, Page = 513 | Localized nuclear transmutation in PdHx observed by Bockris and Minevski revealed a characteristic of CF phenomenon | Theory, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2175 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Arai, K. | 2000 | Local coherence, condensation and nuclear reaction of neutrons at crystal boundary of metal hydrides and deuterides | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 25, Num = 9, Page = 845 | Local coherence, condensation and nuclear reaction of neutrons at crystal boundary of metal hydrides and deuterides | Theory, TNCF, dineutron | ||||||||
| 2176 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Arai, K., Yoshimoto, K. | 2000 | Tritium and 4He data by Chien et al. confirmed the cold fusion phenomenon | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 25 | Tritium and 4He data by Chien et al. confirmed the cold fusion phenomenon | Theory, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2177 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Yoshimoto, K., Arai, K. | 2000 | First reliable tritium data by Packham et al. analyzed by TCNF model | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 25 | First reliable tritium data by Packham et al. analyzed by TCNF model | Theory, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2178 | Journal Article | Kozima, H. | 2000 | Neutron drop: condensation of neutrons in metal hydrides and deuterides | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Neutron drop: condensation of neutrons in metal hydrides and deuterides | Theory, neutron,, TCNF | ||||||||
| 2179 | Journal Article | Kozima, H., Ohta, M., Fujii, M., Arai, K., Kudoh, H. | 2001 | Possible explanation of 4He production in a Pd/D2 system by the TNCF model | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 40 | Possible explanation of 4He production in a Pd/D2 system by the TNCF model | theory, TNCF | ||||||||
| 2180 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 2002 | An explanation of data sets obtained by McKubre et al. (excess heat), Clarke (null results of 4He, RHe) and Clarke et al (tritiium) with 'Arata Cell' | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | An explanation of data sets obtained by McKubre et al. (excess heat), Clarke (null results of 4He, RHe) and Clarke et al (tritiium) with 'Arata Cell' 4016 | theory, neutron, fusion, ICCF-9, Arata, TNCF | |||||
| 2181 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 2002 | Excited states of nucleons in a nucleus and cold fusion phenomenon in transition-metal hydrides and deuterides | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Excited states of nucleons in a nucleus and cold fusion phenomenon in transition-metal hydrides and deuterides 4017 | theory, neutron, fusion, ICCF-9, Arata, TNCF, neutron drops | |||||
| 2182 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H., Warner, J., Cano, C. S., Dash, J. | 2002 | Consistent explanation of topography changes and nuclear transmutation in surface layers of cathodes in electrolytic cold fusion experiments | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Consistent explanation of topography changes and nuclear transmutation in surface layers of cathodes in electrolytic cold fusion experiments 4018 | theory, neutron, transmutation, ICCF-9, TNCF | Synopsis Nuclear transmutations (NT??) and exotic surface topography observed in the surface layers of cathodes in electrolytic experiments by J. Dash et al. over the last ten years have been analyzed using the TNCF model. Surface topographies of the cathodes showed characteristic fine structures where the results of nuclear transmutation (NT) were detected. Nuclear transmutations, characterized by their locality, are accompanied by excess heat generation, which suggests a nuclear origin. The products of nuclear transmutation are explained either by decay of excited cathode element nuclei to form an element of higher mass number than the original (nuclear transmutation by decay, or NTD) or by fission of these nuclei (nuclear transmutation by fission, or NTF). The model was successfully used to analyze two cases of quantitative changes of isotope ratios in Ti and Pd cathodes and the surface topography change. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KozimaHconsistent.pdf | |||
| 2183 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 2003 | CF-Matter and the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | CF-Matter and the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | theory | The working concept of 'cf-matter,' defined as 'neutron drops in a thin neutron liquid' as described in previous papers, is used to explain complex events, especially nuclear transmutations, in cold fusion phenomenon (CFP). In samples used in CF experiments, the cf‑matter contains high‑density neutron drops in surface/boundary regions while in the volume it contains only a few of them, in accordance with experimental data. Generation of various nuclear transmutations, the most interesting features in CFP, are explained naturally if we use the concept of the cf-matter. Qualitative correspondence between the relative isotopic abundance of elements in the universe and the number of observations of elements in CFP is shown using more than 40 experimental data, sets. This facts is an evidence showing statistically that CFP in transition-metal hydrides/deuterides is a low energy version of nuclear processes occurring in the stars catalyzed by, specific neutrons in the cf-matter formed in surface/boundary regions of CF materials. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KozimaHcfmatteran.pdf | |||
| 2184 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 2004 | Cold Fusion Phenomenon and Solid State Nuclear Physics | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Cold Fusion Phenomenon and Solid State Nuclear Physics | theory | |||||||
| 2185 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H. | 2008 | Complexity in the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Complexity in the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | theory | |||||||
| 2186 | Conference Proceedings | Kozima, H., Date, H. | 2008 | Nuclear Transmutations in Polyethylene (XLPE) Films and Water Tree Generation in Them | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Nuclear Transmutations in Polyethylene (XLPE) Films and Water Tree Generation in Them | theory | |||||||
| 2187 | Journal Article | Kozima, H. | 2019 | Nuclear Transmutations and Stabilization of Unstable Nuclei in the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | Nuclear Transmutations and Stabilization of Unstable Nuclei in the Cold Fusion Phenomenon | Actinoid, Biotransmutation, Cold fusion phenomenon, Meta-analysis, Microorganism, Nuclear transmutation, Transition metal | We summarize the nuclear transmutations observed in the cold fusion phenomenon (CFP) putting a weight on the biotransmutation, i.e. nuclear transmutations in biological systems. The CF materials, i.e. materials where occurs the CFP, are classified into three groups: (1) the metallic material includes transition-metal hydrides (e.g. NiHx, AuHx) and deuterides (e.g. PdDx, TiDx), (2) the carbonic material includes hydrogen graphite (HCx) and cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and (3) the biological material includes microorganisms, microbial cultures and biological tissues or organs. We explain these characteristics briefly in this paper. The stabilization of unstable nuclei, including the decay-time shortening of radioactive nuclei, in the nuclear transmutation is especially interesting from the applicatory point of view in relation to the treatment of the hazardous nuclear waste accompanied to the nuclear power plant. A characteristic of biological systems where occurs selective adsorption of specific ions seems especially useful for the application. If we have a microorganism or microbial culture absorbing an ion of a radioactive element selectively, we can remediate the radioactivity by the biotransmutation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedza.pdf#page=34 | ||||||
| 2188 | Report | Krakowski, R. A., Bathke, C. G., Miller, R. L., Werley, K. A. | 1993 | Lessons Learned from the Tokamak Advanced Reactor Innovation and Evaluation Study (ARIES) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | Los Alamos National Laboratory | Lessons Learned from the Tokamak Advanced Reactor Innovation and Evaluation Study (ARIES) | Plasma fusion | This paper is about plasma fusion, not cold fusion. We uploaded it here because it is difficult to find. Abstract: Lessons from the four-year ARIES (Advanced Reactor Innovation and Evaluation Study) investigation of four commercial magnetic-fusion-energy (MFE) power-plant embodiments of the tokamak are summarized. These lessons are derived from the physics; engineering and technology; economics; and environmental, safety, and health (ES&H) characteristics of these conceptual tokamak power-plant designs. This summary of ARIES lessons is intended to provide a general indicator of the requirements of economically and environmentally attractive fusion power. The integration of fundamental tokamak physics with conceptual engineering models through a cost-based systems methodology has been especially thorough in ARIES. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrakowskiRlessonslea.pdf | |||||
| 2189 | Journal Article | Krapivnyi, N. G., Kleshnya, Y. B., Sobornitskii | 1991 | Allowing for finite rate of propagation of hydrogen concentration wave during hydrogen diffusion in metals | translated from Elektrokhimiya, Vol = 28, Num = 3, Page = 451 | Allowing for finite rate of propagation of hydrogen concentration wave during hydrogen diffusion in metals | loading, diffusion, Pd, H2 | ||||||||
| 2190 | Journal Article | Krasnoshchekov, Yu. I., Larionov, L. V., Makovei, V. A., Muryshev, E. Yu., Syrenkov, G. I. | 1991 | Possibility of nuclear reaction during phase transitions | Sov. Phys. Dokl., Vol = 36 | Possibility of nuclear reaction during phase transitions | theory, phase change | ||||||||
| 2191 | Journal Article | Krause, W., Kahlenberg, L. | 1935 | On Palladium-Hydrogen | Trans. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 68 | On Palladium-Hydrogen | Pd, H2, Excess Volume | ||||||||
| 2192 | Journal Article | Krauss, A., Becker, H. W., Trautvetter, H. P., Rolfs, C. | 1987 | Low-Energy Fusion Cross Sections of D + D and D + 3He Reactions | Nucl. Phys. A, Vol = 465 | Low-Energy Fusion Cross Sections of D + D and D + 3He Reactions | fusion, cross Section, D2, energy | ||||||||
| 2193 | Journal Article | Kreysa, G., Marx, G., Plieth, W. | 1989 | A critical analysis of electrochemical nuclear fusion experiments | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 266 | A critical analysis of electrochemical nuclear fusion experiments | critique, review | ||||||||
| 2194 | Book Section | Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Nagvenkar, V. B., Sadhukhan, H. K. | 1989 | Evidence for Production of Tritium via Cold Fusion Reactions in Deuterium Gas Loaded Palladium | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Evidence for Production of Tritium via Cold Fusion Reactions in Deuterium Gas Loaded Palladium | tritium | After the first announcement reporting the observation of cold fusion further evidence supporting the same has appeared in scientific literature although many other groups have failed to obtain positive results. Palladium and titanium loaded electrolytically and titanium loaded directly with deuterium gas have been reported to emit neutrons. Interestingly gas loading experiments involving Pd-D have not been reported so far. Such experiments were therefore conducted recently in our group. Tritium measurements in gas loaded Pd-D targets have been carried out. The present paper summarises the results obtained so far to ascertain whether cold fusion reactions occur in gas loaded Pd targets also. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrishnanMSevidencefo.pdf | |||
| 2195 | Book Section | Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Nayar, M. G., Shyam, A., Sikka, S. K. | 1989 | Observation Of Cold Fusion In A Ti-SS Electrochemical Cell | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Observation Of Cold Fusion In A Ti-SS Electrochemical Cell | Ti D2O, loading, neutron | Since the two communications reporting the occurrence of cold fusion, experiments had been initiated in a number of laboratories to study the electrolysis of D2O with palladium (Pd) as cathode. In a few cases titanium (Ti) has also been used as cathode. Ti is a material of interest as it can form deuteride up to the composition of TiD2 (against 0.6 in case of Pd). Further Ti is more easily available and cheaper in our country. Three groups have reported the use of Ti as the cathode material in their electrolytic experiments. Meanwhile in an interesting paper use of Ti in deuterium gas loading experiments has been reported wherein occurrence of neutron bursts under non-equilibrium conditions was observed. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrishnanMSobservatio.pdf | |||
| 2196 | Book Section | Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Srinivasan, M., Sikka, S. K., Shyam, A., Chitra, V., Iyengar, T. S., Iyengar, P. K. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Experiments Using a Commercial Pd-Ni Electrolyser | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Cold Fusion Experiments Using a Commercial Pd-Ni Electrolyser | neutron, tritium, Pd, D | The first reports of observation of 'Cold Fusion' during the electrolysis of heavy water using Pd cathodes, resulted in frantic attempts in several laboratories of the world to duplicate these experiments and if possible improve upon them. Electrolytic cold fusion investigations were initiated at Trombay in the first week of April '89 as a collaborative effort between the Heavy Water and Neutron Physics Divisions of BARC. A commercial (Milton Roy) diffusion type Pd-Ag cathode/ Ni anode hydrogen generator which was readily available was employed for this purpose, after loading NaOD as electrolyte in place of the original NaOH. This paper gives details of the electrolyser characteristics, conditions of operation and the neutron and tritium measurements. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrishnanMScoldfusion.pdf | |||
| 2197 | Book Section | Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Sadhukhan, H. K. | 1989 | Material Balance of Tritium in the Electrolysis of Heavy Water | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Material Balance of Tritium in the Electrolysis of Heavy Water | tritium | 1500 | ||||
| 2198 | Book | Krivit, S. | 2003 | Historical Analysis of Key 'Cold Fusion' Experiments | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Historical Analysis of Key 'Cold Fusion' Experiments | http://www.newenergytimes.com/v2/reports/HistoricalAnalysisSummaryCharts.shtml | ||||||||
| 2199 | Book | Krivit, S., Winocur, N. | 2004 | The Rebirth of Cold Fusion: Real Science, Real Hope, Real Energy | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Pacific Oaks Press | The Rebirth of Cold Fusion: Real Science, Real Hope, Real Energy | review | Here is the first chapter from the book: Krivit, S. and N. Winocur, The Rebirth of Cold Fusion: Real Science, Real Hope, Real Energy. 2004: Pacific Oaks Press. For more information about this book, or to purchase a copy, please see: http://newenergytimes.com/TRCF/AboutTRCF.htm | 0-9760545-8-2 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrivitStherebirth.pdf | |||||
| 2200 | Report | Krivit, S., Winocur, N. | 2004 | Cold Fusion Report (in Chinese) | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | New Energy Times | Cold Fusion Report (in Chinese) review | review | |||||||
| 2201 | Report | Krivit, S., Winocur, N. | 2004 | Cold Fusion Report (in Italian) | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | New Energy Times | Cold Fusion Report (in Italian) review | review | |||||||
| 2202 | Book | Krivit, S., Winocur, N. | 2004 | O Renascimento da Fusao a frio: Ciencia Real, a esperanca real, Energia reais | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Pacific Oaks Press | O Renascimento da Fusao a frio: Ciencia Real, a esperanca real, Energia reais | review | Aqui est? o primeiro cap?ulo do livro de: Krivit, S. e N. Winocur: O Renascer da Fus? a Frio: Ci?cia Real, Esperan? Real, Energia Real. 2004: Pacific Oaks Press. para mais informa?es sobre este livro, ou para comprar uma c?ia, consulte: http://newenergytimes.com/v2/books/RebirthofColdFusion/AboutTRCF.shtml Em termos simples, a fus? a frio ? um fen?eno cient?ico que ocorre em um arranjo experimental a temperatura ambiente e produz energia nuclear, na forma de calor, sem radia?o nociva. | 0-9760545-8-2 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrivitSorenascime.pdf | |||||
| 2203 | Conference Proceedings | Krivit, S. | 2005 | How Can Cold Fusion Be Real, Considering It Was Disproved By Several Well-Respected Labs In 1989? | 12th International Conference on Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems | Brussels, Belgium | August 21-26, 2005 | How Can Cold Fusion Be Real, Considering It Was Disproved By Several Well-Respected Labs In 1989? | critique | This journalistic investigation into cold fusion follows the work of Eugene Mallove, formerly with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology press office as well as Infinite Energy magazine, and the work of author Charles Beaudette. This paper is the result of a broad survey of original interviews with researchers who have been active in the cold fusion field for the past 15 years, their papers, and references to significant, previously undisclosed cold fusion experiments and audits. This investigation shows that the claims of excess heat were never disproved, in contrast to the generally-held belief at the time. With the benefit of 16 years of progress and hindsight, cold fusion researchers have accumulated convincing evidence to establish the claims of a new, genuine field of science. This investigation shows that the original hope of cold fusion, a new source of energy without harmful radiation, remains. This paper also serves as a brief summary of some of the highlights of the field to date. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrivitShowcancold.pdf | ||||
| 2204 | Conference Proceedings | Krivit, S. | 2005 | How Can Cold Fusion Be Real, Considering It Was Disproved By Several Well-Respected Labs In 1989? (PowerPoint slides) | 12th International Conference on Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems | Brussels, Belgium | August 21-26, 2005 | How Can Cold Fusion Be Real, Considering It Was Disproved By Several Well-Respected Labs In 1989? (PowerPoint slides) | critique | PowerPoint presentation for the paper with the same title. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrivitShowcancolda.pdf | ||||
| 2205 | Conference Proceedings | Krivit, S. | 2005 | Cold Fusion, a Journalistic Investigation (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Cold Fusion, a Journalistic Investigation (PowerPoint slides) | review | |||||||
| 2206 | Conference Proceedings | Krivit, S. | 2005 | Introduction to The Hydraulic-Electrostatic Cold Fusion Method (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Introduction to The Hydraulic-Electrostatic Cold Fusion Method (PowerPoint slides) | heat | ||||||
| 2207 | Conference Proceedings | Krivit, S. | 2005 | Introduction to a new method to initiate cold fusion / condensed matter nuclear reactions | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Introduction to a new method to initiate cold fusion / condensed matter nuclear reactions | heat | ||||||
| 2208 | Conference Proceedings | Krivit, S. | 2005 | What really happened with cold fusion and why is it coming back? | International Congress of Nanotechnology | San Francisco, CA | What really happened with cold fusion and why is it coming back? | review | |||||||
| 2209 | Conference Proceedings | Krivit, S. | 2005 | What really happened with cold fusion and why is it coming back? (PowerPoint slides) | International Congress of Nanotechnology | San Francisco, CA | What really happened with cold fusion and why is it coming back? (PowerPoint slides) | review | |||||||
| 2210 | Journal Article | Krivit, S., Daviss, B. | 2006 | Extraordinary Evidence | New Energy Times | November 10, 2006 | Extraordinary Evidence | Review | This article describes recent experiments at the U.S. Navy San Diego SPAWAR Systems Center, which demonstrated nuclear effects with palladium co-deposition cathodes subjected to magnetic or high voltage fields. This document was copied from: http://newenergytimes.com/news/2006/2006ExtraordinaryEvidence.pdf Scientists at the U.S. Navy's San Diego SPAWAR Systems Center have produced something unique in the 17-year history of the scientific drama historically known as cold fusion: simple, portable, highly repeatable, unambiguous, and permanent physical evidence of nuclear events using detectors that have a long track record of reliability and acceptance among nuclear physicists. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrivitSextraordin.pdf | |||||
| 2211 | Book Section | Krivit, S. | 2008 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions: The Emergence of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Low Energy Nuclear Reactions: The Emergence of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch001 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch001 | ||||||
| 2212 | Journal Article | Krivit, S. | 2008 | Low energy nuclear reaction research - Global scenario | Curr. Sci., Vol = 94, Num = 7, Page = 854 | Low energy nuclear reaction research - Global scenario | Review | ||||||||
| 2213 | Book Section | Krivit, S. | 2009 | Introduction | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Introduction | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch001 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch001 | ||||||
| 2214 | Journal Article | Krivit, S., Marwan, J. | 2009 | A new look at low-energy nuclear reaction research | J. Environ. Monit., Vol = 11 | A new look at low-energy nuclear reaction research | review | This paper presents a new look at low-energy nuclear reaction research, a field that has developed from one of the most controversial subjects in science, cold fusion. Early in the history of this controversy, beginning in 1989, a strong polarity existed; many scientists fiercely defended the claim of new physical effects as well as a new process in which like-charged atomic nuclei overcome the Coulomb barrier at normal temperatures and pressures. Many other scientists considered the entire collection of physical observations -- along with the hypothesis of a cold fusion -- entirely a mistake. Twenty years later, some people who had dismissed the field in its entirety are considering the validity of at least some of the reported experimental phenomena. As well, some researchers in the field are wondering whether the underlying phenomena may be not a fusion process but a neutron capture/absorption process. In 2002, a related tabletop form of thermonuclear fusion was discovered in the field of acoustic inertial confinement fusion. We briefly review some of this work, as well. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KrivitSanewlookat.pdf | ||||||
| 2215 | Conference Proceedings | Kuangding, P., Shanna, C. | 1996 | The theory of Bose-Einstein condensation in finite system for explanation of cold fusion | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 337 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | The theory of Bose-Einstein condensation in finite system for explanation of cold fusion | theory, ICCF-6 | The effect of contraction of potential well and Bose-Einstein condensation has been discussed. Due to the two processes of concentrating energy, cold fusion is possible at special conditions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=352 | |||
| 2216 | Conference Proceedings | Kubota, A., Akita, H., Tsuchida, Y., Saito, T., Haseqawa, N., Imai, N., Hayakawa, N., Kunimatsu, K. | 1992 | Hydrogen and Deuterium Absorption by Pd Cathode in a Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 565 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Hydrogen and Deuterium Absorption by Pd Cathode in a Fuel-Cell Type Closed Cell | Pd, D2O, overvoltage, D/Pd, Current Density, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | The hydrogen and deuterium loading ratio, H/Pd and D/Pd, in Pd cathode were measured during electrolysis of 1 M LiOD, 1 M LiOH, 2.8M HzS04, 2.8M D2S04, 14.7 M H3P04, 0.57 M K2CO3 in a fuel-cell type closed cell. Cold worked pure Pd (diam. 2 - diam. 5 rods) were used for cathodes. A gas-diffusion type fuel cell anode was used for ionization of hydrogen and deuterium gas. H/Pd or D/Pd was calculated from H2 or D2 gas pressure decrease and temperature during electrolysis under in-situ conditions. The result is summarized as follows; the loading ratio depends on hydrogen overvoltage. D/Pd is smaller than H/Pd by 4 ~ 8% for a given overvoltage. The loading ratio does not depend on electrolyte, but the overvoltage depends on electrolyte for a given current density. Relationship between D/Pd and current density vs overvoltage is shown using a fuel-cell. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=302 | ||
| 2217 | Conference Proceedings | Kubota, A., Takama, S., Saito, T., Hasegawa, N., Sukenbu, S., Sumi, M., Asami, N. | 1996 | Development and Experiments on a Flow Calorimetry System | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 52 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Development and Experiments on a Flow Calorimetry System | heat, Pd, D2O, method, ICCF-6 | Demonstration experiments of excess heat generation have been conducted using the Fuel Cell Type Electrolysis System at NHE Laboratory since January 1994. In April 1995, a mass flow calorimetry system (FCS) was developed at the NHE Laboratory. A new series of experiments, referred to as NHE-FCS, combines the Fuel Cell Type Electrolysis System with mass flow calorimetry. The system is comprised of fuel cell type electrolysis cells, power supplies, vacuum insulators, water coolant, temperature measurement equipment, and a personal computer which controls the power supplies and digital multimeters. A data acquisition occurs every 60 seconds. Total input power is typically lOW. As a result of careful modification of the components, a heat recovery efficiency of -98% has been attained. It has been confirmed that an excess heat of 0.2W is measurable in calibration tests. Excess heat has been observed in the 'Fuel Cell Type Electrolysis System'. Observations of 7-18% excess heat have been reproduced in 11 cases. However, the reproducibility issue still remains. NHE-FCS experiments have been performed used identical protocol. Excess heat has not been observed yet in spite of the fact that we have attempted to duplicate the electrode materials that produced excess heat. One reason may be that other experimental conditions have differed in detail in cases in which excess heat has been observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=67 | ||
| 2218 | Conference Proceedings | Kubota, A., Taniike, A., Kitamura, A. | 2000 | Production of High Energy Charged Particles During Deuteron Implantation of Titanium Deuterides | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 311 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Production of High Energy Charged Particles During Deuteron Implantation of Titanium Deuterides | ion implanation, D2, three body, particle emission, energy, theory, ICCF-8 | Implantation experiments using 300-keV deuteron beams are performed to study the 3-body reaction in metal deuterides with full use of in situ analyses of the target. The ΔΕ-Ε telescope and the angular correlation measurements of the reaction products are made for TiDx samples prepared with various methods. A portion of the α-particle spectra with a yield ratio of 10^-7 to D(d,p) protons, which is difficult to explain by reactions with impurities and the sequential reactions, is ascribed to the 3D → α + p + n channel. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KubotaAproduction.pdf | ||
| 2219 | Conference Proceedings | Kucherov, Y. | 1996 | Slow Nuclear Excitation Model | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 502 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Slow Nuclear Excitation Model | Theory, phonon, ICCF-6 | Phonon modes in a two - component lattice produce an oscillating non- uniform electric field that interacts with nuclear quadrupole moment. This dipole- quadrupole interaction in combination with nuclear spin alignment and a presence of a vacancy in a light sublattice can produce very significant energy transfer from the phonon mode to the nucleus. Accumulated energy can exceed nuclear reaction barrier | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=101 | ||
| 2220 | Journal Article | Kuehne, R. W. | 1991 | Cold fusion: pros and cons | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 155 | Cold fusion: pros and cons | Review, critique | ||||||||
| 2221 | Journal Article | Kuehne, R. W. | 1991 | Possible explanations for failures to detect cold fusion | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 159 | Possible explanations for failures to detect cold fusion | theory, review, critique, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2222 | Journal Article | Kuehne, R. W. | 1994 | The possible hot nature of cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | The possible hot nature of cold fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2223 | Journal Article | Kuehne, R. W., Sioda, R. E. | 1995 | An extended micro hot fusion model for burst activity in deuterated solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 27 | An extended micro hot fusion model for burst activity in deuterated solids | Theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2224 | Journal Article | Kuehne, R. W. | 2000 | Response to 'Strange behavior of tritiated natural water' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Response to 'Strange behavior of tritiated natural water' | review, critique, fractofusion, theory | ||||||||
| 2225 | Journal Article | Kuji, T., Flanagan, T. B., Sakamoto, Y., Hasaka, M. | 1985 | Hydrogen Chemical Potentials and Dislocation Structures Following Quenching of Palladium-Hydrogen Alloys into the Two-Phase Envelope | Scr. Metall., Vol = 19 | Hydrogen Chemical Potentials and Dislocation Structures Following Quenching of Palladium-Hydrogen Alloys into the Two-Phase Envelope | H2, Pd, PdH, solubility, composition, phase diagram | ||||||||
| 2226 | Journal Article | Kuji, T., Flanagan, T. B. | 1985 | Temperature Dependence of the Chemical Potential of Hydrogen in the Two-phase Coexistence Region of the Palladium-Hydrogen System | J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., Vol = 81, Num = 1, Page = 2921 | Temperature Dependence of the Chemical Potential of Hydrogen in the Two-phase Coexistence Region of the Palladium-Hydrogen System | Pd, H, overvoltage, thermodynamic, solubility | ||||||||
| 2227 | Journal Article | Kulakov, A. V., Orlenko, E. V., Rumyantsev, A. A. | 1990 | Problem of physical mechanism of so-called cold fusion | Power Eng. (USSR Acad. Sci), Vol = 28, Num = 1, Page = 141 | Problem of physical mechanism of so-called cold fusion | theory screening | ||||||||
| 2228 | Journal Article | Kumagai, H., Nakabayashi, S., Yamagata, S., Isomura, S., Ichihara, T., Yoshida, K., Suzuki, T., Takahashi, K., Kira, A., Tanahata, I. | 1991 | Attempts in detection of neutrons on so-called cold nuclear fusion | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 60 | Attempts in detection of neutrons on so-called cold nuclear fusion | electrolysis, Pd, Ti, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 2229 | Journal Article | Kumar, N. | 1989 | Cold fusion: is there a solid state effect? | Curr. Sci., Vol = 58 | Cold fusion: is there a solid state effect? | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2230 | Journal Article | Kumar, K., Hwang, I. S., Ballinger, R. G., Dauwalter, C. R., Stecyk, A. | 1991 | Analyses of palladium cathodes used for heavy water electrolysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Analyses of palladium cathodes used for heavy water electrolysis | electrolysis, Pd, structure, loading, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 2231 | Conference Proceedings | Kunimatsu, K., Hasegawa, N., Kubota, A., Imai, N., Ishikawa, M., Akita, H., Tsuchida, Y. | 1992 | Deuterium Loading Ratio and Excess Heat Generation During Electrolysis of Heavy Water by Palladium Cathode in a Closed Cell Using a Partially Immersed Fuel Cell Anode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 31 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Deuterium Loading Ratio and Excess Heat Generation During Electrolysis of Heavy Water by Palladium Cathode in a Closed Cell Using a Partially Immersed Fuel Cell Anode | Pd, D2O, loading, heat+, overvoltage, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | We have developed a novel electrolytic cell pressurized by D2 in which deuterium loading ratio in a palladium cathode can be determined in-situ during the calorimetric measurements of excess heat. A gas diffusion type fuel cell anode is partially immersed in the electrolyte solution to act as a counter electrode, at which electrochemical oxidation of deuterium gas molecules to deuterium ions takes place instead of electrolytic decomposition of water molecules to generate oxygen gas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/KunimatsuKdeuteriuml.pdf | ||
| 2232 | Journal Article | Kunimatsu, K. | 1994 | Current status of room-temperature nuclear fusion. Excess heat measurement | Petrotech. (Tokyo), Vol = 17, Num = 12, Page = 998 (in Japanese) | Current status of room-temperature nuclear fusion. Excess heat measurement | review | ||||||||
| 2233 | Patent | Kunimatsu, K., Hasegawa, F., Furuya, N. | 1995 | Gaseous-Difusion Electrode and Electrochemical Reactor Using the Same | Petrotech. (Tokyo), Vol = 17, Num = 12, Page = 998 (in Japanese) | US Patent # 5,423,967 | Tertiary Gaseous-Difusion Electrode and Electrochemical Reactor Using the Same Gaseous-Difusion Electrode and Electrochemical Reactor Using the Same | loading, Pd, D2O | |||||||
| 2234 | Journal Article | Kunimatsu, K. | 1996 | Surface modification of the cathode in the study of cold fusion | Hyomen Gijutsu, Vol = 47, Num = 3, Page = 218 (in Japanese) | Surface modification of the cathode in the study of cold fusion | loading, heat+ | ||||||||
| 2235 | Journal Article | Kuroiwa, K., Ohtsu, Y., Tochitani, G., Fujita, H. | 1997 | Experimental investigation on loading ratio D/Pd using high pressure and deuterium glow discharge methods | Rept. Fac. Sci. Eng., Saga Univ., Vol = 26 | Experimental investigation on loading ratio D/Pd using high pressure and deuterium glow discharge methods | loading, ion bombardment, Pd, D2 | ||||||||
| 2236 | Journal Article | Kuss, H. M. | 1989 | Die elektrochemische Kernfusion bleibt unbewiesen! ('Electrochemical nuclear fusion still unproven!') | Chem. Labor Betr., Vol = 40 | Die elektrochemische Kernfusion bleibt unbewiesen! ('Electrochemical nuclear fusion still unproven!') | Review | ||||||||
| 2237 | Journal Article | Kuzmann, E., Varsanyi, M., Korecz, L., Vertes, A., Masumoto, T., Deak, F., Kiss, A., Kiss, L. | 1989 | Investigation on the possibility of cold nuclear fusion in Fe-Zr amorphous alloy | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 137, Num = 4, Page = 243 | Investigation on the possibility of cold nuclear fusion in Fe-Zr amorphous alloy | electrolysis, Fe-Zr, neutron, Mossbauer, gamma emission, D2O | ||||||||
| 2238 | Conference Proceedings | Kuzmann, E., Gal, M., Sulymos, G. K., Szeles, C. S. | 1991 | Mossbauer Spectroscopic Characterization of Samples for Cold Fusion Experiment | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 277 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Mossbauer Spectroscopic Characterization of Samples for Cold Fusion Experiment | superconductor, D2, H2, Mossbauer, ICCF-2, structure | In this contribution we show a case in which we have applied the Mossbauer spectroscopy for characterization of samples which were expected to show anomalous nuclear effects upon to their deuterization. The Mossbauer spectroscopy can provide information about the surrounding of a Mossbauer atom in deuterized samples by measuring the electrical monopole and quadrupole as well as magnetic dipole interactions. The introduction of deuterium (or hydrogen) into the vicinity of a resonance atom will influence the physical parameters which govern the Mossbauer spectrum, thus changes will be expected in the hyperfine interactions e.g. in isomer shift, quadrupole splitting, magnetic splitting (Fig. 1 ) and in other parameters. Consequently, the localization of deuterium can be sensitively studied. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=292 | ||
| 2239 | Conference Proceedings | Kuzmann, E., Vertes, A., Varsanyi, M., Kiss, L., Korecz, L., Deak, F., Kiss, A., Masumoto, T. | 1992 | On the Possibility of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Fe-Zr Amorphous Alloy | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 262 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | On the Possibility of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Fe-Zr Amorphous Alloy | Fe-Zr, D2O, neutron gamma emission Mossbauer, electrolysis | ||||
| 2240 | Journal Article | Kuzmann, E., Varsanyi, M., Korecz, L., Vertes, A., Masumoto, T., Ujihira, Y., Kiss, A., Kiss, L. | 1992 | Moessbauer study of cold nuclear fusion in Fe-Zr alloy | Hyperfine Interactions, Vol = 71 | Moessbauer study of cold nuclear fusion in Fe-Zr alloy | electrolysis Fe-Zr, neutron, gamma emission, Mossbauer | ||||||||
| 2241 | Conference Proceedings | Kuznetsov, V. A., Lipson, A. G., Saunin, E. I., Ivanova, T. S. | 1995 | Anomalous Heat Effects and Cold Fusion in KD2PO4 Crystals on the Ferroelectric Phase Transition | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 547 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Anomalous Heat Effects and Cold Fusion in KD2PO4 Crystals on the Ferroelectric Phase Transition | KD2PO4, Solid Electrolyte, ferroelectric, heat, D2, ICCF-5 | The kinetic peculiar features of the phase transition heat (Delta H) have been investigated by the differential scanning calorimetry method in KH2PO4 and KD2PO4 Crystal on transition through the Curie point at preset rates of cooling and heating samples. It has been shown that on reaching a large number of thermal cycles the Delta H values of a KD2PO4 crystal undergoing inversion, so that the value of Delta H(exo) begins to exceed that of Delta H(endo). Such an anomaly of the Delta H behavior is absent in the hydrogen containing analog . . . Proposes that the ferroelectric transition in KD2PO4 can have a different energy depending on whether it is heated or cooled through the Curie point after repeated cyclying. This transition is proposed to initiate a nuclear reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=354 | ||
| 2242 | Journal Article | Lacher, J. R. | 1937 | A Theoretical Formula for the Solubility of Hydrogen in Palladium | Royal Society of London Proceedings A, Vol = 161 | A Theoretical Formula for the Solubility of Hydrogen in Palladium | Pd, H, Phase Diagram, V, Ta, Ti, Zr, solubility | ||||||||
| 2243 | Conference Proceedings | Laforgue, A. | 1995 | Cold Fusion and Quantum Mechanics | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 635 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Cold Fusion and Quantum Mechanics | theory, ICCF-5 | One can explain the cold fusion reaction by a permanent state of collision between the deuterons of the double layer. Each one collides with the total mass of the network with an energy surpassing the potential barrier. This state is determined by the dimension of the quantum mechanical path of deuterons under the Bohr-Heisenberg limit. The discussion of the quantum path of self could be bessered by a new model of quantum mechanical wave corpuscle. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=442 | ||
| 2244 | Report | Lahey, R. T. | 2005 | Sonoluminescence and the Search for Sonofusion (PowerPoint slides) | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 635 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Troy, NY | Sonoluminescence and the Search for Sonofusion (PowerPoint slides) | Sonofusion | ||||||
| 2245 | Journal Article | Lakshmanan, A. | 2012 | Excess Energy Release During Na Metal Dissolution in a Dilute Epsom (MgSO4 ? 7H2O) Solution | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Excess Energy Release During Na Metal Dissolution in a Dilute Epsom (MgSO4 ? 7H2O) Solution | Cavitation crystallization, Epsom solution, Excess energy release, Explosion, Hydrogen trapping, Na dissolution | During sodium metal dissolution in aqueous Epsom salts, it was accidentally discovered that a massive explosion occurs in 0.85 M Epsom solution on the completion of Na dissolution. Borosil glass vaporizes at temperatures>1000?. This fact indicated that a very high temperature has indeed been reached in this experiment. The timing of the explosion (20-25 s after Na addition) indicated that hydrogen somehow got trapped in cavitation induced meta-stable nano-crystals. The excess energy release could not be explained by conventional hydrogen combustion in air. One must therefore look elsewhere for an explanation of the process behind the excess energy release. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=69 | ||||||
| 2246 | Journal Article | Lakshmanan, A. | 2012 | Anomalous Heat Energy Released through Cavitation-Coulombic Repulsion Oscillations Following Sodium Metal Dissolution in a Dilute Epsom Solution - Plausible Mechanisms | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Anomalous Heat Energy Released through Cavitation-Coulombic Repulsion Oscillations Following Sodium Metal Dissolution in a Dilute Epsom Solution - Plausible Mechanisms | Anomalous heat energy release, Cavitation-Coulombic repulsion oscillation, Collision of protons, Exponential build-up | Plausible mechanisms are discussed for explaining the sudden burst of energy released from 0.85MEpsom (MgSO4?7H2O) aqueous solution following sodium metal dissolution which led to the vaporization of the entire system including the glass beaker. Exothermic reactions lead to micro/nano-metastable crystal formation due to steam cavitation. H + 2 molecular ions trapped at Mg2+ ion lattice sites in cavitation-induced metastable crystals were considered as precursors for energy release. In principle, for charge compensation, two protons should occupy one Mg2+ lattice site in these crystals. Therefore, cavitation crystal formation brings in the two protons in molecular ions closer. This process is, however, opposed by Coulombic repulsion between the two protons which results in the collapse of the nanocrystal containing hydrogen. This leads to the release of hydrogen ions into the solution resulting in the release of hydration energy during the formation of H3O+, hydronium ions and in local heating. Stirring distributes the heat energy uniformly in the solution. Local heating, however, leads to the promotion of cavitation - this time with more vigor since additional energy input has occurred. Thus reformation of the crystal takes place quickly and the hydrogen ions are brought together more closer than during the previous occasion which increases the electrostatic repulsive force. As a result, the crystal collapses faster leading to the release of more hydration energy. This is how cavitation gains energy from repulsion. The above cavitation Coulombic repulsion oscillation (CCRO) cycle continues leading to an exponential build-up of the pressure and oscillation speed of the precursors and a decrease in inter-proton separation leading to their collision. Finally a sudden burst of energy witnessed occurs due to cavitation collapse. It remains to be ascertained if the energy release is a consequence of p-p fusion, or other mechanisms proposed which include volume casimir effect, miniature black holes and lattice phonon amplification. The fact that increase in the oscillation speed of the two protons in the proposed H + 2 species is exponential without an upper limit till the end-point is reached should determine the logistics of the underlying mechanism causing the energy release. The p-p fusion should, however, be accompanied by positron emission whose presence could be verified by its annihilation gamma rays or with 5.5 MeV gamma rays produced from HD fusion reactions if energetic deuterium is formed from p-p fusion in amounts commensurate with the energy produced but this fusion process is mediated by weak interaction process and hence is less probable. No other proposal explains burst of energy observed better than the collapse of miniature black holes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=77 | ||||||
| 2247 | Journal Article | Lam, D. J., Myles, K. M. | 1966 | The magnetic susceptibilities of Pd-Cd, Pd-Sn, and Pt-Cu binary alloys | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 21 | The magnetic susceptibilities of Pd-Cd, Pd-Sn, and Pt-Cu binary alloys | susceptibility, Pd, Pd-Cd, Pd-Sb, Pt-Cu | ||||||||
| 2248 | Journal Article | Lam, P. K., Yu, R. | 1989 | Comment on 'Cold fusion: How close can deuterium atoms get inside palladium?' | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 63 | Comment on 'Cold fusion: How close can deuterium atoms get inside palladium?' | Polemic, critique | ||||||||
| 2249 | Journal Article | Langanke, K. | 1989 | Potential of a deuterium molecule trapped in an external field of screened point charges with fcc-symmetry | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 3 | Potential of a deuterium molecule trapped in an external field of screened point charges with fcc-symmetry | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 2250 | Journal Article | Langanke, K., Assenbaum, H. J., Rolfs, C. | 1989 | Screening corrections in cold deuterium fusion rates | Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., Vol = 333 | Screening corrections in cold deuterium fusion rates | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 2251 | Journal Article | Langmuir, I. | 1989 | Pathological Science | Physics Today, Vol = October | Pathological Science | critique | ||||||||
| 2252 | Conference Proceedings | LANL | 1989 | Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena | Physics Today, Vol = October | Los Alamos National Laboratory | Santa Fe, NM | Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena | Program Committee, Agenda and Abstracts | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LANLworkshopon.pdf | |||||
| 2253 | Conference Proceedings | Lanza, F., Bertolini, G., Vocino, V., Parnisari, E., Ronsecco, C. | 1991 | Tritium Production Resulting From Deuteration of Different Metals and Alloys | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 151 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Tritium Production Resulting From Deuteration of Different Metals and Alloys | tritium, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, D2, neutron, ICCF-2 | Previous experiments have shown that tritium is produced in deuterated titanium. To define better the phenomenon a series of tests have been performed using various metals and alloys and different deuterating conditions. Sheets and shavings of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum, Zircaloy 2 and Ti-Zr 50% alloy have been tested. A statistical analysis of the tritium production shows that significant differences are obtained varying the type of metal used. Using pure metals the tritium production increases with the increase of the atomic number of the metal. Moreover higher productions of tritium have been obtained using materials of technical purity as tantalum, Zircaloy 2 and Ti-Zr alloy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LanzaFtritiumpro.pdf | ||
| 2254 | Journal Article | Lason, L., Przytula, M., Wojtkiewicz, R., Baczynski, J., Bauer, J. | 1992 | Search for neutrons from cold fusion of deuterium absorbed in palladium | Acta Univ. Lodz., Fol. Phys., Vol = 16 | Search for neutrons from cold fusion of deuterium absorbed in palladium | D2, Pd, neutron | ||||||||
| 2255 | Journal Article | Lasser, R., Klatt, K. H. | 1983 | Solubility of Hydrogen Isotopes in Palladium | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 28 | Solubility of Hydrogen Isotopes in Palladium | PdT, PdH, PdD, pressure, phase Diagram, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 2256 | Journal Article | Lasser, R. | 1985 | Isotope Dependence of Phase Boundaries in the PdH, PdD, and PdT Systems | J. Phys. Chem. Solids, Vol = 46 | Isotope Dependence of Phase Boundaries in the PdH, PdD, and PdT Systems | PdD, PdH, PdT, phase Boundary, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 2257 | Book | Lasser, R., Powell, G. L. | 1987 | Tritium in Pd and Pd0.08Ag0.20 | J. Phys. Chem. Solids, Vol = 46 | Plenum Press | NY | Tritium in Pd and Pd0.08Ag0.20 | Pd, Ag, H2, D2, tritium, solubility, Phase Diagram, thermodynamic, Pd-Ag | ||||||
| 2258 | Report | Lautzenhiser, T., Phelps, D | 1990 | Cold Fusion: Report on a Recent Amoco Experiment | J. Phys. Chem. Solids, Vol = 46 | Amoco Production Company | Cold Fusion: Report on a Recent Amoco Experiment | Excess heat, tritium | This report will discuss briefly some of the early calorimetric experiments on cold fusion and in more detail, a single experiment just concluded. A closed cell electrolytic experiment has been conducted using a palladium cathode and platinum anode with accurate (+/-0.001 watt) calorimetric measurements. Results indicate a positive energy output of approximately 50 Kilojoules more than was input to the experiment through electrolysis current and heater current. The heat output was observed both as short term bursts of energy and as long term sustained production. Colorimetric calibration with an internal heat source showed essentially identical data before and after the electrolysis experiment. Material balance for palladium, water and lithium showed essentially no material had been consumed during the experiment. Tritium levels measured before and after electrolysis showed a factor of 3 increase that cannot be accounted for by concentration effects. | T-90-E-02, 90081ART0082 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Lautzenhiscoldfusion.pdf | |||||
| 2259 | Conference Proceedings | Lautzenhiser, T., Phelps, D, Eisner, M. | 2008 | Constant Heat Flow Calorimeter | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Constant Heat Flow Calorimeter | Calorimeter, method | A constant heat flow calorimeter is described and its application to a Fleischmann-Pons experiment is detailed. In this calorimeter the electrolytic cell is contained in an isothermal chamber into which electrical power is fed from two separate sources. One source feeds biasing power Paux to an auxiliary resistive element located in the chamber while the other source provides, Pe, the electrochemical power requirements for the cell. The cell temperature T1 is maintained at its set point by varying Paux as needed. Clearly power needs to be removed from the cell if a steady state is to be maintained and this is accomplished by inducing heat flow through a thermal link to a reference body whose temperature T2 is less than T1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Lautzenhisconstanthe.pdf | |||||
| 2260 | Journal Article | Lawandy, N. M. | 2009 | Interactions of charged particles on surfaces | Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol = 95, Num = 23 | Interactions of charged particles on surfaces | Charges of the same polarity bound to a surface with a large dielectric contrast exhibit an attractive long-range Coulomb interaction, which leads to a two-particle bound state. Ensembles of like charges experience a collective long-range interaction, which results in compacted structures with interparticle separations that can be orders of magnitude smaller than the equilibrium separation of the pair potential minimum. Simulations indicate that ensembles of surface bound nuclei, such as D or T, exhibit separations small enough to result in significant rates of fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LawandyNMinteractio.pdf | |||||||
| 2261 | Journal Article | Lawson, A. C., Conant, J. W., Talcott, C. L., David, M. A., Vaninetti, J., Goldstone, J. A., Williams, A., Roof, R. B., Von Dreele, R. B. | 1990 | Strain and particle size of palladium metal powders | Adv. in X-ray Analysis, Vol = 33 | Strain and particle size of palladium metal powders | strain, particle-size, Pd | ||||||||
| 2262 | Journal Article | Lawson, D. R., Tierney, M. J., Cheng, I. F., Van Dyke, L. S., Espenscheid, M. W., Martin, C. R. | 1991 | Use of a coulometric assay technique to study the variables affecting deuterium loading levels within palladium electrodes | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 36 | Use of a coulometric assay technique to study the variables affecting deuterium loading levels within palladium electrodes | loading, Pd, method | ||||||||
| 2263 | Journal Article | Lawson, A. C., Conant, J. W., Robertson, R., Rohwer, R. K., Young, V. A., Talcott, C. L. | 1992 | Debye-Waller factors of PdDx materials by neutron powder diffraction | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 183 | Debye-Waller factors of PdDx materials by neutron powder diffraction | PdD, lattice parameter, thermal expansion, structure, neutron diffraction | ||||||||
| 2264 | Newspaper Article | Leary, W. E. | 1989 | Recent Tests Said To Justify More Cold Fusion Research | The New York Times | NYEditor | Recent Tests Said To Justify More Cold Fusion Research | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 2265 | Conference Proceedings | Lecci, S., Castagna, E., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F., Violante, V. | 2009 | Material Database for Electrochemical Loading Experiments at ENEA | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Material Database for Electrochemical Loading Experiments at ENEA | A large number of palladium cathodes have been crafted, in many years, to perform chemical loading experiments. These cathodes underwent, very often, different production processes, characterization procedures and experimental conditions. The need to keep trace of all the steps of the 'life' of a cathode was the starting point for the creation of a database. The information stored in this useful archive puts us in condition of easily compare different cathodes and try to correlate their experimental behavior with their history. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=185 | |||||
| 2266 | Journal Article | Lee, M., Glosser, R. | 1985 | Pressure Concentration Isotherms of Thin Films of the Pd-H System as Modified by Film Thickness , Hydrogen Cycling , and Stress | J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 57 | Pressure Concentration Isotherms of Thin Films of the Pd-H System as Modified by Film Thickness , Hydrogen Cycling , and Stress | PdH, H2, thin layer, Phase Diagram, solubility, pressure | ||||||||
| 2267 | Journal Article | Lee, M., Glosser, R. | 1986 | Resistivity of Thin Films of the Palladium-Hydrogen System as a Function of Film Thickness | Zeitschrift fur Physik. Chemie, Vol = 147 | Resistivity of Thin Films of the Palladium-Hydrogen System as a Function of Film Thickness | Pd, H, resistivity, layer PdH | ||||||||
| 2268 | Journal Article | Lee, A. R., Kalotas, T. M. | 1989 | On the feasibility of cold fusion | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 102, Num = 4, Page = 1177 | On the feasibility of cold fusion | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 2269 | Journal Article | Lee, K. P., Kim, S. W., Choi, K. U., Hwang, S. T. | 1991 | Cold Fusion | Anal. Sci. & Technol., Vol = 4, Num = 1, Page = 103 (in Korean) | Cold Fusion | Review | ||||||||
| 2270 | Conference Proceedings | Lee, K. H., Kim, Y. M. | 1992 | The Change of Tritium Concentration during the Electrolysis of D2O in Various Electrolytic Cells | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 511 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The Change of Tritium Concentration during the Electrolysis of D2O in Various Electrolytic Cells | tritium, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | The U-type and bell jar type electrolytic cells were designed using pyrex glass and modified for recombination of gases with platinum catalysts. The electrolysis of LiOD/D2O in V-type cell yielded more final activities in Pt/Pd system than Pt/Pt system. Some electrolysis of LiOD/D2O in Pt/Pd showed the increase of 3T above 100%. The separation factor of D/T in electrolysis was not measured directly but assumed 2 ~ 3 from literature. The increase of 3T can not be explained with the isotope separation effect. But in the modified cells with recombination, the electrolysis yielded no significant increase of final tritium activities in the total system. In this case, recombined D2O was collected separately and total 3T activities were obtained by combining this with residue in D2O electrolytes. Finally, bell jar type closed cells were designed with recombination catalysts. And palladium electrode was covered by different porous materials. After 10 days of electrolysis with a change of current density, one cell showed the increase of 3T activities significantly. Tritium increase was observed in closed cells. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=249 | ||
| 2271 | Journal Article | Lee, K. H., Jang, H. J., Kim, S. J. | 2014 | A Change of Tritium Content in D2O Solutions during Pd/D Co-deposition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 294-299 A Change of Tritium Content in D2O Solutions during Pd/D Co-deposition | Electrolysis, Palladium co-deposition, Tritium | In this study electrochemical co-deposition of Pd/D on nickel electrodes was performed to determine whether a nuclear fusion reaction occurs in the palladium deposit. Co-deposition was performed with a palladium salt/D2O solution. The content of tritium in D2O solution was varied depending on the electrolysis procedure during co-deposition. A comparison between the co-deposition of Pd/D and the simple electrolysis of D2O was performed to investigate the change of tritium concentration in the D2O solution. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=304 | ||||||
| 2272 | Journal Article | Leggett, A. J., Baym, G. | 1989 | Exact upper bounds on barrier penetration probabilities in many-body systems: application to 'cold fusion' | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 63, Num = 2, Page = 191 | Exact upper bounds on barrier penetration probabilities in many-body systems: application to 'cold fusion' | Theory, tunneling | ||||||||
| 2273 | Journal Article | Leggett, A. J., Baym, G. | 1989 | Can solid-state effects enhance the cold-fusion rate? | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | Can solid-state effects enhance the cold-fusion rate? | Theory, Born-Oppenheimer | ||||||||
| 2274 | Journal Article | Leisure, R. G., Nygren, L. A., Hsu, D. K. | 1986 | Ultrasonic relaxation rates in palladium hydride and palladium deuteride | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 33 | Ultrasonic relaxation rates in palladium hydride and palladium deuteride | diffusion, PdD, PdH, ultrasonic, accustic | ||||||||
| 2275 | Report | LENR-CANR | 2005 | The DoE Lies Again | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 33 | LENR-CANR.org | The DoE Lies Again | Review | The DoE promised to evaluate cold fusion claims fairly, twice. Both times, when given a chance to keep the promise, the DoE failed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LENRCANRthedoelies.pdf | |||||
| 2276 | Conference Proceedings | Letts, D., Cravens, D. | 2003 | Laser Stimulation Of Deuterated Palladium: Past And Present | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Laser Stimulation Of Deuterated Palladium: Past And Present | laser stimulation, excess heat | A method is disclosed to fabricate a Palladium cathode that can be electrolyzed in heavy water and stimulated with a laser at a predetermined wavelength to produce apparent excess power; the fabrication method involves cold working, polishing, etching and annealing the Palladium prior to electrolytic loading with Deuterium. Loading is accomplished with the cathode sitting in a magnetic field of 350 Gauss. After loading the cathode with Deuterium, Gold is co-deposited electrolytically on the cathode. When a coating of Gold is visible on the cathode, co-deposition is halted and the cathode is stimulated with a low-power laser with a maximum power of 30 milliwatts. The thermal response of the cathode is typically 500 mW with maximum output observed of approximately 1 watt. The effect is repeatable when protocols are followed and has been demonstrated in several laboratories. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDlaserstimu.pdf | |||
| 2277 | Conference Proceedings | Letts, D., Cravens, D. | 2003 | Laser Stimulation Of Deuterated Palladium: Past And Present (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Laser Stimulation Of Deuterated Palladium: Past And Present (PowerPoint slides) | laser stimulation, excess heat | PowerPoint slides for this paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDlaserstimua.pdf | |||
| 2278 | Conference Proceedings | Letts, D., Cravens, D. | 2004 | Cathode fabrication methods to reproduce the Letts-Cravens effect (paper and PowerPoint slides) | 5th Asti Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | Asti, Italy | Cathode fabrication methods to reproduce the Letts-Cravens effect (paper and PowerPoint slides) | palladium, recipie, excess heat | A method is disclosed to fabricate a Palladium cathode that can be electrolyzed in heavy water and stimulated with a laser at a predetermined wavelength to produce apparent excess power; the fabrication method involves cold working, polishing, etching and annealing the Palladium prior to electrolytic loading with Deuterium. Loading is accomplished with the cathode sitting in a magnetic field of 350 Gauss. After loading the cathode with Deuterium, Gold is co-deposited electrolytically on the cathode. When a coating of Gold is visible on the cathode, co-deposition is halted and the cathode is stimulated with a low-power laser with a maximum power of 30 milliwatts. The thermal response of the cathode is typically 500 mW with maximum output observed of approximately 1 watt. The effect is repeatable when protocols are followed and has been demonstrated in several laboratories. This file includes the paper, the PowerPoint slides, and another set of PowerPoint slides describing the dual laser cell fabrication technique. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDcathodefab.pdf | |||||
| 2279 | Book Section | Letts, D., Cravens, D., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2008 | Thermal Changes in Palladium Deuteride Induced by Laser Beat Frequencies | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Thermal Changes in Palladium Deuteride Induced by Laser Beat Frequencies | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch015 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch015 | ||||||
| 2280 | Conference Proceedings | Letts, D., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2008 | Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Stimulation of Optical Phonons in Deuterated Palladium | heat | Progress made since 2007 in the triggering of excess power by terahertz stimulation of deuterated palladium is reported. The stimulation was provided by tuning dual lasers to one of three specific beat frequencies corresponding to the known optical phonon frequencies of deuterated palladium (8, 15, 20 THz). Results imply that optical phonons may be involved in the Fleischmann-Pons effect, giving preliminary support to Hagelstein's phonon theory. The importance of laser beam polarization is also demonstrated, confirming earlier work reported by Violante et al., and by Letts and Cravens. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LettsDstimulatio.pdf | |||||
| 2281 | Book Section | Letts, D., Cravens, D., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2009 | Dual Laser Stimulation and Optical Phonons in Palladium Deuteride | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Dual Laser Stimulation and Optical Phonons in Palladium Deuteride | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch005 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch005 | ||||||
| 2282 | Journal Article | Letts, D. | 2011 | Codeposition Methods: A Search for Enabling Factors | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Codeposition Methods: A Search for Enabling Factors | Excess power, Palladium, Seebeck calorimeter | This paper is a preliminary report on results obtained from a series of experiments conductedApril-September 2009. The experiments were designed to test for excess power using the basic methods disclosed in 1991 by Szpak, Mossier-Boss and Smith. A large and repeatable excess power signal was observed and the efforts to test mundane explanations for the signal are described. The design, fabrication and calibration methods of a new type of Seebeck calorimeter used for these experiments are also disclosed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=89 | ||||||
| 2283 | Journal Article | Letts, D., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2012 | Modified Szpak Protocol for Excess Heat | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Modified Szpak Protocol for Excess Heat | Codeposition, Deuterium, Excess power, Palladium, Seebeck calorimetry, Vacancies | In recent theoretical work, vacancies in PdD have been shown to be able to host molecular D2, which is conjectured to be necessary for excess heat in Fleischmann-Pons experiments. Vacancies in the original Fleischmann-Pons experiment are proposed to be created through inadvertent codeposition at high loading. This suggests that a better approach should be to focus on experiments in which Pd codeposition is controlled, such as in the Szpak experiment. Unfortunately, the Szpak experiment has proven difficult to replicate, and we conjecture that this is due to low D/Pd loading. A modified protocol has been tested in which codeposition is carried out at higher current density with a lower PdCl2 concentration. Positive results have been obtained in all of the tests done with this protocol so far. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=53 | ||||||
| 2284 | Journal Article | Letts, D. | 2015 | Remembering John Bockris | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | 10 Remembering John Bockris | Bockris, Cold fusion, Letts, RF, Triggering | This brief note recalls the authors first interaction with Professor John Bockris in 1992 and how well Bockris could communicate lasting scientific truth. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=15 | ||||||
| 2285 | Journal Article | Letts, D. | 2015 | Highly reproducible LENR experiments using dual laser stimulation | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 559 Highly reproducible LENR experiments using dual laser stimulation | |||||||||
| 2286 | Journal Article | Letts, D., Cravens, D. | 2019 | Building and Testing a High Temperature Seebeck Calorimeter | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Building and Testing a High Temperature Seebeck Calorimeter | Anomalous energy, Gas discharge reactor, High temperature Seebeck fabrication, Seebeck calibration, Seebeck calorimetry | A high temperature Seebeck calorimeter capable of operating at 200?300? was built and tested. The testing used a glow discharge tube containing plated palladium on the side walls and a molybdenum central anode. Running with deuterium gas and high voltages demonstrated excess thermal power at levels of 5?10 W but no excess power was observed when natural abundance hydrogen was used. In addition to the normal Seebeck measurements, excess power was also observed using back-off power measurements of the enclosure heater containing the Seebeck. A resistive control heater was used to verify the system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=343 | ||||||
| 2287 | Journal Article | Levi, B. G. | 1989 | Doubts Grow as Many Attempts at Cold Fusion Fail | Physics Today, Vol = June | Doubts Grow as Many Attempts at Cold Fusion Fail | history, review | ||||||||
| 2288 | Report | Levi, G., Bianchini, D. | 2011 | Report on heat production during preliminary tests on the Rossi 'Ni-H' reactor | Physics Today, Vol = June | Bologna University | Report on heat production during preliminary tests on the Rossi 'Ni-H' reactor | heat | In this first and preliminary document are reported the heat production measures done during two short tests done on December 16 2010 [Test 1] and January 14 2011 [Test 2]. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LeviGreportonhe.pdf | |||||
| 2289 | Report | Levi, G., Bianchini, D., Leonardi, C., Essen, H., Kullander, S., Rossi, A., Focardi, S. | 2011 | Teste experimental de um dispositivo mini-Rossi na corporacao Leonardo, Bologna 29 de marco de 2011 | Physics Today, Vol = June | Bologna University | Teste experimental de um dispositivo mini-Rossi na corporacao Leonardo, Bologna 29 de marco de 2011 | heat | Relat?io do evento por Hanno Essen e Kullander Sven, 03 de abril de 2011. N? nos reunimos no edif?io da Corpora?o Leonardo, onde o aparelho de 10 kW para a produ?o de energia an?ala pelo n?uel e hidrog?io foi demonstrada durante uma confer?cia de imprensa em 14 de janeiro. Refer?cias [1] a [4] para os artigos originais descrevendo a inova?o s? listados no final. No mesmo edif?io, foram colocadas duas instala?es CHP, com base no biodiesel a partir de res?uos que Andrea Rossi, tinha desenvolvido antes de sua atividade em Ni-H presente. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LeviGtesteexper.pdf | |||||
| 2290 | Report | Levi, G., Foschi, E., Hartman, T., Hoistad, B., Pettersson, R., Tegner, L., Essen, H. | 2013 | Indication of anomalous heat energy production in a reactor device containing hydrogen loaded nickel powder | Physics Today, Vol = June | Bologna University http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.3913v1 | Indication of anomalous heat energy production in a reactor device containing hydrogen loaded nickel powder | heat | This document copied from: http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.3913v1 An experimental investigation of possible anomalous heat production in a special type of reactor tube named E-Cat HT is carried out. The reactor tube is charged with a small amount of hydrogen loaded nickel powder plus some additives. The reaction is primarily initiated by heat from resistor coils inside the reactor tube. Measurement of the produced heat was performed with high-resolution thermal imaging cameras, recording data every second from the hot reactor tube. The measurements of electrical power input were performed with a large bandwidth three phase power analyzer. Data were collected in two experimental runs lasting 96 and 116 hours, respectively. An anomalous heat production was indicated in both experiments. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.3913v1 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LeviGindication.pdf | |||||
| 2291 | Report | Levi, G., Foschi, E., Hoistad, B., Pettersson, R., Tegner, L., Essen, H. | 2014 | Observation of abundant heat production from a reactor device and of isotopic changes in the fuel | Physics Today, Vol = June | Bologna University | Observation of abundant heat production from a reactor device and of isotopic changes in the fuel | New results are presented from an extended experimental investigation of anomalous heat production in a special type of reactor tube operating at high temperatures. The reactor, named E-Cat, is charged with a small amount of hydrogen-loaded nickel powder plus some additives, mainly Lithium. The reaction is primarily initiated by heat from resistor coils around the reactor tube. Measurements of the radiated power from the reactor were performed with high-resolution thermal imaging cameras. The measurements of electrical power input were performed with a large bandwidth three-phase power analyzer. Data were collected during 32 days of running in March 2014. The reactor operating point was set to about 1260? in the first half of the run, and at about 1400 ? in the second half. The measured energy balance between input and output heat yielded a COP factor of about 3.2 and 3.6 for the 1260? and 1400? runs, respectively. The total net energy obtained during the 32 days run was about 1.5 MWh. This amount of energy is far more than can be obtained from any known chemical sources in the small reactor volume. A sample of the fuel was carefully examined with respect to its isotopic composition before the run and after the run, using several standard methods: XPS, EDS, SIMS, ICP-MS and ICP-AES. The isotope composition in Lithium and Nickel was found to agree with the natural composition before the run, while after the run it was found to have changed substantially. Nuclear reactions are therefore indicated to be present in the run process, which however is hard to reconcile with the fact that no radioactivity was detected outside the reactor during the run. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LeviGobservatio.pdf | ||||||
| 2292 | Magazine Article | Lewan, M. | 2011 | Swedish physicists on the E-cat: 'It's a nuclear reaction' | NyTeknik | Stockholm, Sweden | Swedish physicists on the E-cat: 'It's a nuclear reaction' | Heat | |||||||
| 2293 | Magazine Article | Lewan, M. | 2011 | Cold Fusion: 18 hour test excludes combustion | NyTeknik | Stockholm, Sweden | Cold Fusion: 18 hour test excludes combustion | Heat | |||||||
| 2294 | Magazine Article | Lewan, M. | 2011 | Cold fusion: Observing researcher wants more tests | NyTeknik | Stockholm, Sweden | Cold fusion: Observing researcher wants more tests | Heat | |||||||
| 2295 | Magazine Article | Lewan, M. | 2011 | Kall fusion -- nu ska den vara klar f??r produktion | NyTeknik | Stockholm, Sweden | Kall fusion -- nu ska den vara klar f??r produktion | Heat | |||||||
| 2296 | Journal Article | Lewenstein, B. V. | 1991 | Preserving data about the knowledge creation process. Developing an archive on the cold fusion controversy | Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, Vol = 13 | Preserving data about the knowledge creation process. Developing an archive on the cold fusion controversy | history, bibliography | ||||||||
| 2297 | Journal Article | Lewenstein, B. V., Baur, W. | 1991 | A cold fusion chronology | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 152 | A cold fusion chronology | history, review | ||||||||
| 2298 | Journal Article | Lewenstein, B. V. | 1992 | Cold fusion saga: Lesson in science | Forum Appl. Res. Public Policy, Vol = 7, Num = 4, Page = 67 | Cold fusion saga: Lesson in science | history | ||||||||
| 2299 | Journal Article | Lewenstein, B. V. | 1992 | Cold fusion and hot history | Osiris, Vol = 7 | Cold fusion and hot history | history | ||||||||
| 2300 | Journal Article | Lewenstein, B. V. | 1994 | La saga de la fusion froide' (The cold fusion saga) | Recherche, Vol = 25 | La saga de la fusion froide' (The cold fusion saga) | history | ||||||||
| 2301 | Journal Article | Lewenstein, B. V. | 1995 | Do public electronic bulletin boards help create scientific knowledge? The cold fusion case | Sci., Technol. Human Values, Vol = 20 | Do public electronic bulletin boards help create scientific knowledge? The cold fusion case | history | ||||||||
| 2302 | Journal Article | Lewenstein, B. V. | 1995 | From Fax to Facts: Communication in the Cold Fusion Saga | Social Studies of Science, Vol = 25, Num = 403-36 | From Fax to Facts: Communication in the Cold Fusion Saga | sociology, review, history | ||||||||
| 2303 | Journal Article | Lewins, J. D. | 1989 | The fusion trail goes cold | Nucl. Eng. (Inst. Nucl. Eng.), Vol = 30 | The fusion trail goes cold | history, discussion | ||||||||
| 2304 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A. | 1960 | The Hydrides of Palladium and Palladium Alloys | Pt. Met. Rev., Vol = 4-5 | The Hydrides of Palladium and Palladium Alloys | PdH, review, Phase Diagram, diffusion | ||||||||
| 2305 | Book | Lewis, F. A. | 1967 | The Palladium Hydrogen System | Pt. Met. Rev., Vol = 4-5 | Academic Press | New York | The Palladium Hydrogen System | PdH, review, structure, thermodynamic, phase diagram, lattice parameter, pressure | ||||||
| 2306 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A. | 1968 | The hydrides of palladium and palladium alloys | Pt. Met. Rev., Vol = 4/5 | The hydrides of palladium and palladium alloys | Pd, Phase Diagram, H, loading | ||||||||
| 2307 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A., Obermann, A., Hodes, G. | 1976 | Hydrogen Overpotential and Underpotential at Palladium-Black and Platinum-Black Surfaces | Surf. Technol., Vol = 4 | Hydrogen Overpotential and Underpotential at Palladium-Black and Platinum-Black Surfaces | Pd, Pt, overvoltage, H, Pd-black, Pt-black | ||||||||
| 2308 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A., Leitch, W. F. N., Murray, A. | 1978 | Electrolytic Hydrogen Isotope Separation Factors and Efficiency of Exchange Between D2O and Hydrogen (Protium) at Palladium Electrodes | Sur. Technol., Vol = 7 | Electrolytic Hydrogen Isotope Separation Factors and Efficiency of Exchange Between D2O and Hydrogen (Protium) at Palladium Electrodes | Pd, separation factor, H/D | ||||||||
| 2309 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A., McFall, W. D., Witherspoon, T. C. | 1979 | Hysteresis of Pressure-Composition and Electrical Resistance-Composition Relationships of Palladium/Hydrogen and Palladium Alloy/Hydrogen Systems | Z. Phys. Chemie, Vol = 114 | Hysteresis of Pressure-Composition and Electrical Resistance-Composition Relationships of Palladium/Hydrogen and Palladium Alloy/Hydrogen Systems | Pd, H, Lattice Parameter, Phase Diagram, resistance, PdH | ||||||||
| 2310 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A. | 1980 | Molecular Hydrogen Diffusion Overpotential and Local Cells Hydrogen Transfer Processes at Electrodes of Palladium , Palladium Alloys and Other Transition Metals , And Implications for Theories of Hydrogen Overpotential | Sur. Technol., Vol = 11 | Molecular Hydrogen Diffusion Overpotential and Local Cells Hydrogen Transfer Processes at Electrodes of Palladium , Palladium Alloys and Other Transition Metals , And Implications for Theories of Hydrogen Overpotential | Pd, H, overvoltage, review | ||||||||
| 2311 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A., Kirkpatrick, J. H., Letch, W. F. N., Magennis, J., Obermann, A. | 1981 | Electrolytic Hydrogen Isotope Separation Factors Within Low Voltage Hydrogen Transfer Cells | Surf. Technol., Vol = 13 | Electrolytic Hydrogen Isotope Separation Factors Within Low Voltage Hydrogen Transfer Cells | Separation Factor, electrolysis, PdD, PdH, hydrogen, deuterium | ||||||||
| 2312 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A. | 1982 | The Palladium-Hydrogen System | Platinum Met. Rev., Vol = 26 | The Palladium-Hydrogen System | Pd, H, Phase Diagram, pressure, Diffusion | ||||||||
| 2313 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A., Kandasamy, K., Baranowski, B. | 1988 | The 'Uphill' Diffusion of Hydrogen: Strain-Gradient-Induced Effects in Palladium Alloy Membranes | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 13 | The 'Uphill' Diffusion of Hydrogen: Strain-Gradient-Induced Effects in Palladium Alloy Membranes | diffusion, H2, Pd, PdH, strain | ||||||||
| 2314 | Journal Article | Lewis, N. S., Barnes, C. A., Heben, M. J., Kumar, A., Lunt, S. R., McManis, G. E., Miskelly, G. M., Penner, R. M., Sailor, M. J., Santangelo, P. G., Shreve, G. A., Tufts, .B. J., Youngquist, M. G., Kavanagh, R. W., Kellogg, S. E., Vogelaar, R. B., Wang, T. R., Kondrat, R., New, R. | 1989 | Searches for low-temperature nuclear fusion of deuterium in palladium | Nature (London), Vol = 340, Num = 6234, Page = 525 | Searches for low-temperature nuclear fusion of deuterium in palladium | Pd, D2O, heat-, neutron-, gamma emission tritium-, helium electrolysis | ||||||||
| 2315 | Journal Article | Lewis, L. N., Kosky, P. G., Lewis, N. | 1990 | On the search for non-electrochemical cold fusion: production of D2 off of high surface area Pd colloid | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 145 | On the search for non-electrochemical cold fusion: production of D2 off of high surface area Pd colloid | loading heat, neutron gamma emission, method | ||||||||
| 2316 | Journal Article | Lewis, D., Sk'ld, K. | 1990 | A phenomenological study of the Fleischmann-Pons effect | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 294 | A phenomenological study of the Fleischmann-Pons effect | electrolysis, heat, neutron, D2O, Pd, tritium | ||||||||
| 2317 | Journal Article | Lewis, D. | 1991 | Some regularities and coincidences in thermal, electrochemical and radiation phenomena observed in experiments at Studsvik on the Fleischmann-Pons effect | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 316 | Some regularities and coincidences in thermal, electrochemical and radiation phenomena observed in experiments at Studsvik on the Fleischmann-Pons effect | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 2318 | Journal Article | Lewis, F. A., McGee, S. G., McNicholl, R. A. | 1993 | Limits of hydrogen contents introduced by electrolysis into palladium and palladium-rich alloys | Z. Phys. Chem., Vol = 179 | Limits of hydrogen contents introduced by electrolysis into palladium and palladium-rich alloys | electrolysis, loading, pressure, OCV, Pd | ||||||||
| 2319 | Journal Article | Lewis, E. | 1999 | Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 36 | Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system' | theory, plasmoids charge cluster | ||||||||
| 2320 | Journal Article | Lewis, E. | 2000 | Reply to 'Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system'' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Reply to 'Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system'' | Thaory, plasmoids | ||||||||
| 2321 | Journal Article | Lewis, E. | 2001 | Evidence of micrometre-sized plasmoid emission during electrolysis cold fusion | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 40 | Evidence of micrometre-sized plasmoid emission during electrolysis cold fusion | plasmoids theory | ||||||||
| 2322 | Conference Proceedings | Lewis, E. | 2003 | 'Cold Fusion' May Be Part Of A Scientific Revolution | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | 'Cold Fusion' May Be Part Of A Scientific Revolution | Review | Paradigm shifts in physics have occurred at about 80-year intervals for the past 500 years. The periodicity of the paradigm shifts is due to the constraints of inhibition of apprehension and the difference between theoreticians and technicians, so that there is a three-generation periodicity. The various phenomena called 'cold fusion' and associated physical anomalies are the grounds for another scientific revolution. If the historical pattern of paradigm development continues into the future, we can make predictions about this new physics and its economic effects. The Fluid Theory, Field Theory, and Q.M-Relativity Theory paradigms each led to an industrial revolution that happened about 55 or 80 years afterward. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LewisEcoldfusion.pdf | |||
| 2323 | Conference Proceedings | Lewis, E. | 2003 | The Ball Lightning State In Cold Fusion | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The Ball Lightning State In Cold Fusion | Ball Lightning | There is evidence of microscopic ball lightning in the most common kinds of cold fusion and transmutation experiments. Photographs of BL effects from four groups are shown in this article. There is a state of existence of material and energy like that of ball lighting. Common characteristics and effects of ball lightning are described, as are simple hypotheses and conjectures. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LewisEtheballlig.pdf | |||
| 2324 | Conference Proceedings | Lewis, E. | 2004 | Evidence of Microscopic Ball Lightning in Cold Fusion Experiments | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Evidence of Microscopic Ball Lightning in Cold Fusion Experiments | theory | |||||||
| 2325 | Conference Proceedings | Lewis, E. | 2004 | Cold Fusion in the Context of a Scientific Revolution in Physics: History and Economic Ramifications | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Cold Fusion in the Context of a Scientific Revolution in Physics: History and Economic Ramifications | Review | |||||||
| 2326 | Conference Proceedings | Lewis, E. | 2006 | Microscopic Ball Lightning | Ninth International Symposium on Ball Lightning | Eindhoven, Netherlands | Microscopic Ball Lightning | theory | Microscopic ball lightning, smaller than a tenth of a millimeter, has been produced by electrical discharge and electrolysis experiments. It shares the anomalous characteristics of natural ball lightning such as the ability to bore holes in materials and transmute atoms. It groups and organizes in the same way as natural ball lightning, in chains and rings. It has anomalous effects on materials, putting atoms into an anomalous state in which the atoms flow, move, organize, and transmute. Atoms in this state may move with very little heat in their environment. Pictures of microscopic ball lightning effects from various authors are included in this article to help describe the behavior of the phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LewisEmicroscopi.pdf | |||||
| 2327 | Conference Proceedings | Lewis, E. | 2008 | The Eighty Year Periodicity of Scientific Revolutions and What It Means for the Cold Fusion Field | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | The Eighty Year Periodicity of Scientific Revolutions and What It Means for the Cold Fusion Field | review | About 19 years ago, I developed a theory of scientific revolutions and economic depressions that allowed predictions that have been accurate. This general theory allows one to understand how the new plasmoid paradigm may develop over the next 100 years, if science continues to develop in the eighty year pattern it has had for the last 600 years. During the next 20 years, younger people may accept the new paradigm and develop the physical theories. About 40 years from now, if the paradigm is accepted by society, inventors and technicians will begin to invent the paradigm's major inventions. Along with explaining the economic and scientific predictions of this theory, this paper describes the history of plasmoid research relating to the cf/LENR field.? Of particular interest to people nowadays, twenty years ago this model accurately predicted the timing and characteristics of the economic depressionary period that is starting now. This model ties the economic long-wave cycle to scientific revolutions in physics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LewisEtheeightyy.pdf | |||||
| 2328 | Conference Proceedings | Lewis, E. | 2008 | Evidence of Ball Lightning -- A Survey of Some Recent Experimental Papers Describing Microscopic Objects Associated with Transmutation Phenomena | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Evidence of Ball Lightning -- A Survey of Some Recent Experimental Papers Describing Microscopic Objects Associated with Transmutation Phenomena | review | Eight or 9 groups of researchers have reported that transmutation experiments are associated with the emission of anomalous objects that cause anomalous markings. Since the year 2000, Urutskoev et al., Savvatimova, Ivoilov, and Adamenko have published similar results, and several scientists are speculating that these emitted objects are Lochak monopoles. Plastic targets like CR-39 and nuclear emulsions of various kinds are used by researchers as a way to detect various particles and objects, and people are finding anomalous markings on their detectors and on their electrodes. Before them, Matsumoto, Shoulders and I reported finding similar markings in transmutation experiments. I found such markings on the components of an electrolysis cell [1]. I hypothesized that microscopic ball lightning is produced in transmutation experiments. Matsumoto accepted this idea when I told him, and Savvatimova and Urutskoev acknowledge that they have found tracks similar to those in the photographs published by Matsumoto [2, 3]. Their transmutation results are similar also. During this decade, several groups investigated these objects that evidence the characteristics and behavior of ball lightning. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LewisEevidenceofb.pdf | |||||
| 2329 | Journal Article | Lewis, E. | 2009 | Traces of Ball Lightings in Apparatus | Infinite Energy | Traces of Ball Lightings in Apparatus | theory | Researchers of electrical discharge and electrolysis experiments have been finding microscopic markings that are unusual and anomalous. These markings are made by microscopic objects that are in the size range of 400 micrometers to 1 micrometer. These objects are a type of microscopic ball lightning. They share the anomalous characteristics of natural ball lightning (BL). Pictures of the markings and anomalous effects that were taken by six groups of researchers are shown and explained in this article. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LewisEtracesofba.pdf | ||||||
| 2330 | Journal Article | Lewis, E. | 2009 | Tracks of Ball Lightning in Apparatus? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | Tracks of Ball Lightning in Apparatus? | Researchers of electrical discharge and electrolysis experiments have been finding microscopic markings that are unusual and anomalous. It is possible that these markings are made by microscopic objects that are in the size range of 400-0.1 ?. These objects may be a type of microscopic ball lightning. They may share the anomalous characteristics of natural ball lightning. They are also finding highly anomalous material activity and emissions. Pictures of the markings and anomalous effects that were taken by six groups of researchers are shown and interpreted in this article. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LewisEtracksofba.pdf | |||||||
| 2331 | Journal Article | Lewis, E. | 2012 | More Evidence of Microscopic Ball Lightning (Plasmoids) in CF Devices | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | Cold fusion, Microscopic ball lightning, Plasmoids, Traces, Tracks, Transmutation | The traces and marks of micrometer-sized plasmoids have been found in many transmutation and cold fusion experiments. This author has counted about 12 groups that have published photographs that show such microscopic markings on their electrodes, experimental apparatus, X-ray films, or particle track-detecting nuclear emulsions. Twenty years ago, this author proposed a theory that these objects will be commonly produced in these kinds of devices. A survey article of such markings and traces exhibited in various experiments from the year 2000 to 2007 was published in this journal in 2009. In it, the author compared the markings to those previously detected by T. Matsumoto and K. Shoulders. In this letter, markings and features that were published more recently by Mosier-Boss et al. and Adamenko et al. are described. The author believes that this kind of highly anomalous microscopic plasmoid is similar to macroscopic natural ball lightning and so calls these objects 'microscopic ball lightning.' The author proposes that more focus on investigating these objects will greatly enhance the researchers' understanding of the processes involved in atomic transmutations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedf.pdf#page=13 | |||||||
| 4754 | Report | Lewis, E. | 2019 | 'Strange Particles': Plasmoids and the Need for Paradigm Change in Physics | September/October 2019 - Issue 147 - Infinite Energy | Some researchers hold that the “strange traces” of the Russians are caused by monopoles, especially what is called the Lochak monopole that is a theorized kind of “leptonic monopole.” Many in the cold fusion field, especially older researchers, say that there is no need for any kind of paradigm shift. They say that their own quantum mechanics (QM) theories are correct or that they don’t see a need for a drastic revision of QM. They say the anomalies of cold fusion can be explained by QM one day. To me, this is nonsense. Their attempts haven’t worked for 30 years, and they keep ignoring all the anomalies of plasmoid phenomena. | http://www.scientificrevolutions.com/oldsite/2019/IEnergy2019art.pdf | ||||||||
| 2332 | Magazine Article | Li, X. Z. | 1990 | An Introduction to Cold Fusion | Science Daily | An Introduction to Cold Fusion | Review | Review of cold fusion, in Chinese. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZanintroduc.pdf | ||||||
| 2333 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Dong, S. Y., Wang, K. L., Feng, Y., Luo, C., Hu, R., Zhou, P., Mo, D., Zhu, Y., Song, C., Chen, Y., Yao, M., Ren, C., Chen, Q. | 1990 | The Precursor of 'Cold Fusion' Phenomenon in Deuterium/Solid Systems | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 419 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | The Precursor of 'Cold Fusion' Phenomenon in Deuterium/Solid Systems | particle emission, X-ray, CR-39, D2, Pd | It is suggested that detecting the precursor of the 'cold fusion' phenomenon in deuterium/solid systems will help solve the problem of reproducibility. The results of first step in this direction are discussed. Electromagnetic radiation and energetic charged particles have been detected. It has been shown that the surface condition has an important impact on this phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZtheprecurs.pdf | ||
| 2334 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 1991 | Chinese Effort in Understanding the 'Cold Fusion' Phenomena | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 309 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Chinese Effort in Understanding the 'Cold Fusion' Phenomena | review, China, ICCF-2 | Review on cold fusion research in China in the past two years is presented with the emphasis on the experiments after the first national symposium on cold fusion ( May 10, 1990. Beijing ). There were three phases: hot, quiet, and deep-going phases. Hot phase is characterized by failures in experiments in repetition and is restrained in thinking by the conventional ideas. Quiet phase started with different approaches and newly-designed experiments. Deep-going phase encourages the scientist to be respectful to the facts and creative in mind. Three anomalies in deuterium / solid system may exist. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=324 | ||
| 2335 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 1992 | Cold Fusion Researches in China-From Confirmation to Analyzing the Mechanism | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 337 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Cold Fusion Researches in China-From Confirmation to Analyzing the Mechanism | review, China, Gas Discharge, neutron, ICCF-3 | While the number of activities was decreasing. the quality of the research activities on cold fusion was improved in the third year. Neutron em issions from the glow discharge tu be with flowing deuterium gas a readdressed to confirm the a nomalous nuclear phenomen on. 'Combined Resonance Tunneling' and the concept of 'Semi-Resonance' are proposed to be the possible mechanism. Fewer studies than last year but quality is improving. Energy of neutrons produced in gas discharge tube showed two values, one above 2.45 MeV and one below this value. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=82 | ||
| 2336 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Jin, D. Z., Chang, L. | 1992 | The Combined Resonance Tunneling and Semi-Resonance Level in Low Energy D-D Reaction | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 11, Num = 1, Page = 597 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The Combined Resonance Tunneling and Semi-Resonance Level in Low Energy D-D Reaction | theory tunneling, ICCF-3 | When nuclear potential wells are connected by an atomic potential well, a new kind of tunneling may happen even if there is no virtual energy level in nuclear potential wells. The necessary condition for this combined residence tunneling is a residence in the atomic potential well. Thus, the nuclear reaction may be affected by the action in atomic scale in terms of combined residence tunneling. The nuclear spectrum data support this idea. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=333 | ||
| 2337 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Mo, D. W., Zhang, L., Wang, S. C., Kang, T. S., Liu, S. J., Wang, J. | 1993 | Anomalous nuclear phenomena and solid state nuclear track detector | Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., Vol = 22 | Anomalous nuclear phenomena and solid state nuclear track detector | D2, Pd, particle emission, CR-39 | ||||||||
| 2338 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 1994 | Searching for Truth with High Expectations - 5 Year Studies of Cold Fusion in China | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 119 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Searching for Truth with High Expectations - 5 Year Studies of Cold Fusion in China | review | ||||
| 2339 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 1994 | The 3-Dimensional Resonance Tunneling in Chemically Assisted Nuclear Fission and Fusion Reactions | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 480 | The 3-Dimensional Resonance Tunneling in Chemically Assisted Nuclear Fission and Fusion Reactions | theory tunneling | ||||||||
| 2340 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 1995 | REVISIT TO GAMOW FACTOR | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 480 | REVISIT TO GAMOW FACTOR | theory, Resonance, Gamow Factor, Coulomb Barrier, grain Size | ||||||||
| 2341 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 1995 | Solving the Puzzle of Excess Heat without Strong Nuclear Radiation | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 285 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Solving the Puzzle of Excess Heat without Strong Nuclear Radiation | theory, boson, resonance, ICCF-5 | Five experimental evidences show that the excess heat is from a nuclear source with a life-time of 10^4 seconds. This life-time is shown to be related to the barrier penetration number . in terms of the resonance penetration theory. The boson nature qf the deuteron ion (D+), and the deuteron energy band structure in lattice play the critical roles in filling the corresponding narrow resonance energy level. Prof. J. Huizenga's challenge of three miracles!l) is answered, and 'excess heat' without strong nuclear radiation is a reasonable phenomenon. It predicts: ( 1 ) there must be a critical loading ratio; (2) the greater the grain size and the activation energy are, the better the reproducibility. Uses nuclear resonance theory. Life-after-Death duration taken as a measure of the life-time of a nuclear state. Assumes the nuclear state has a life time of 10^4 sec. Assumes d has a boson character. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=88 | ||
| 2342 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 1995 | Tunneling the Coulomb barrier via lattice confined ions | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Tunneling the Coulomb barrier via lattice confined ions | theory Gamow tunneling, ICCF-5 | ||||
| 2343 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 1996 | Excess Heat Measurement in Gass-Loading D/Pd System | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 34 | Excess Heat Measurement in Gass-Loading D/Pd System | heat, D2, gas, Pd | ||||||||
| 2344 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 1996 | A New Approach Towards Fusion Energy with No Strong Nuclear Radiation | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 44 | A New Approach Towards Fusion Energy with No Strong Nuclear Radiation | review | ||||||||
| 2345 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Yue, W., Huang, G. S., Shi, H., Gao, L., Liu, M., Bu, F. S. | 1996 | 'Excess Heat' Measurement in Gas-loading D/Pd System | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | 'excess heat' Measurement in Gas-loading D/Pd System | excess heat | A gas-loading DPd system has been designed to measure the 'excess heat'. The preliminary result has shown that the calorimetric feature of the DPd system is distinct fiom that of its twin WPd system. The difference between these twin systems can be attributed to the 'excess heat' of the order of watts per cubic centimeter of palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=54 | |||
| 2346 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Huang, G. S., Bian, Z. G., Yang, J. | 1996 | ?ine Tuning? Mechanism for Resonance Tunneling in D/Pd Systems | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | ?ine Tuning? Mechanism for Resonance Tunneling in D/Pd Systems | Theory | A ?ine Tuning? parameter is introduced to describe how an extremely narrow energy level in the nuclear potential well is able to keep itselfin resonance with the energy level in the lattice potential well. The good agreement between theoretical expectation and the experimental observation provides an additional evidence for the 'resonance penetration of Coulomb barrier via lattice confined deuterons', and suggests the key to enhance the reproducibility of 'excess heat'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=106 | |||
| 2347 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 1996 | A new approach towards nuclear fusion without strong nuclear radiation | Nucl. Fusion Plasma Phys., Vol = 16, Num = 2, Page = 1 (in Chinese) | A new approach towards nuclear fusion without strong nuclear radiation | Theory, resonance tunneling | ||||||||
| 2348 | Journal Article | Li, D. | 1996 | The measuring principle and the experimental method of the cold fusion - reaction cross section | Jishou Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, Vol = 17, Num = 3, Page = 65 (in Chinese) | The measuring principle and the experimental method of the cold fusion - reaction cross section | theory | ||||||||
| 2349 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Zheng, S. X., Huang, H. F., Huang, G. S., Yu, W. Z. | 1998 | New Measurements of Excess Heat in a Gas Loaded D-Pd System | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 197 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | New Measurements of Excess Heat in a Gas Loaded D-Pd System | heat, gas, D2, Pd, electrolysis, ICCF-7 | 3 sets of calorimetric experiment in 3 years show that there is 'excess heat' in the gas-loading DlPd systems also. This conclusion is based on the second law of thermodynamics, and is independent of the value of heat transfer coefficient qualitatively. Quantitatively, two kinds of 'excess heat' have been identified: i.e. low power , continuous excess heat (< 1 W /c.c.), and high power, burst excess heat (~100W/c.c). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=197 | ||
| 2350 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Li, C. X., Huang, H. F. | 1999 | Maximum value of the resonant tunneling current through the Coulomb barrier | Fusion Technol., Vol = 36 | Maximum value of the resonant tunneling current through the Coulomb barrier | Theory, tunneling | ||||||||
| 2351 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 1999 | Overcoming of the Gamow tunneling insufficiencies by maximizing the damp-matching resonant tunneling | Czech. J. Phys., Vol = 49 | Overcoming of the Gamow tunneling insufficiencies by maximizing the damp-matching resonant tunneling | theory, tunneling, Gamow | ||||||||
| 2352 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Mei, M. Y., Tian, J., Cao, D. X., Li, C. X. | 2000 | Coherence in Cold and Hot Fusion | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 357 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Coherence in Cold and Hot Fusion | theory, coherence, d-t, cross section, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2353 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Yan, Y. J., Tian, J., Mei, M. Y., Deng, Y., Yu, W. Z., Tang, G. Y., Cao, D. X. | 2000 | Nuclear Transmutation in Pd Deuteride | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 123 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Nuclear Transmutation in Pd Deuteride | Pd, transmutation, D2O, electrolysis, surface analysis, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2354 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Tian, J., Mei, M. Y., Li, C. X. | 2000 | Sub-barrier fusion and selective resonant tunneling | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 61 | Sub-barrier fusion and selective resonant tunneling | Theory | ||||||||
| 2355 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 2002 | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (Introduction to Proceedings) | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (Introduction to Proceedings) | Review | 'Condensed Matter Nuclear Science' was suggested for the title of a new journal during an extended meeting held by ICCF-9 International Advisory Committee on May 21, 2002. It symbolized the new starting point of this research field after 13 years of world-wide continuous study. Three coherences were announced in Lerici, ITALY as the theme of ICCF-9, i.e. the coherence between CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS and NUCLEAR PHYSICS; the coherence between 'hot fusion' and 'cold fusion'; and the coherence between application and fundamental research. This conference is organized according to the theme. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZcondensedm.pdf | |||
| 2356 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Ren, X. Z., Tian, J., Cao, D. X., Chen, S., Pan, G. H., Ho, D., Deng, Y. | 2002 | 'Super-absorption' - Correlation between deuterium flux and excess heat | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | 'Super-absorption' - Correlation between deuterium flux and excess heat 4021 | ICCF-9, gas loading, D2, Pd, heat, theory | The concept of Super-Absorption has been proposed based on the correlation between deuterium flux and excess heat, and based on the selective resonant tunneling model. The experimental evidence for this correlation is shown in the D/Pd system with a Calvet high precision calorimeter. A theoretical model is set-up to show how the resonant tunneling effect will correlate the deuterium flux to the generation of excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZsuperabsor.pdf | |||
| 2357 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Ren, X. Z., Tian, J., Yu, W. Z., Cao, D. X., Chen, S., Pan, G. H., Zheng, S. X. | 2002 | 'Pumping effect' - Reproducible excess heat in a gas-loading D/Pd system | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | 'Pumping effect' - Reproducible excess heat in a gas-loading D/Pd system 4022 | ICCF-9, gas loaded, D2, Pd, heat, resistence, loading | Excess heat in a gas-loading D/Pd system is detected using current-constant mode or temperature-constant mode. A reproducible 'pumping effect' is observed for the D/Pd gas-loading system. Using this effect, the power density of 'excess heat' (apparent excess energy) reaches 2 W/cc. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZpumpingeff.pdf | |||
| 2358 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 2002 | Nuclear Physics for Nuclear Fusion ---Selective Resonant Tunneling in Light Nuclei Fusion | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 41, Num = 63 | Nuclear Physics for Nuclear Fusion ---Selective Resonant Tunneling in Light Nuclei Fusion | Theory | ||||||||
| 2359 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Cai, N., Wei, Q., Tian, J., Cao, D. X. | 2003 | PROGRESS IN GAS-LOADING D/Pd SYSTEM -- The feasibility of a self-sustaining heat generator | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | PROGRESS IN GAS-LOADING D/Pd SYSTEM -- The feasibility of a self-sustaining heat generator | excess heat, gas loading | Great progress has been made after 14 year of experiments with the gas-loading D/Pd system. 6 watts of 'excess heat' were generated in a gas-loaded D/Pd system for 9 hours continuously. This experiment has been repeated 6 times already in various configurations. The 'excess power' density in the Pd disk is more than 100 W per cubic centimeter, which is about the power density in a fuel rod of a thermal neutron fission reactor. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZprogressin.pdf | |||
| 2360 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Tian, J., Wei, Q., Zhou, R., Yu, Z. W. | 2003 | Correlation between abnormal deuterium flux and heat flow in a D/Pd system | J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol = 36 | Correlation between abnormal deuterium flux and heat flow in a D/Pd system | gas loading, excess heat, helium | This paper is reprinted from the Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. The original is on line at: http://www.iop.org/EJ/ http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0022-3727/36/23/035/ Abstract: Deuterium flux through the thin wall of a palladium tube has been studied by monitoring gas pressure and temperature. A high-precision calorimeter (Calvet) was used to detect heat flow when the heater was shut down and the palladium tube was cooling down slowly. At certain temperatures an abnormal deuterium flux appeared. This deuterium flux reached a peak when the temperature of the palladium was decreasing. This abnormal deuterium flux differs from the monotonic feature of a normal diffusive flux and is accompanied by a heat flow. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZcorrelatio.pdf | ||||||
| 2361 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 2004 | The Puzzle of Excess Heat with No Strong Nuclear Radiation (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | The Puzzle of Excess Heat with No Strong Nuclear Radiation (PowerPoint slides) | heat, radiation | |||||||
| 2362 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Chen, S., Wei, Q., Cai, N., Zheng, S., Cao, D. X. | 2004 | Multiple Scattering Theory (MST) and Condensed Matter Nuclear Science -- 'Super-Absorption' in a Crystal Lattice | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Multiple Scattering Theory (MST) and Condensed Matter Nuclear Science -- 'Super-Absorption' in a Crystal Lattice | theory | A simple 1-dimensional model is used to illustrate 'super-absorption' in a crystal lattice. The WKB method is applied to calculate the reflection rate and the transmission rate for a single cell.? Then matrix algebra is manipulated to give the relation between the single cell and an array of N cells. The selective resonant tunneling in this array of N cells is discussed, and the dependence of the absorption rate on the number of the cells is calculated to show the difference between coherent and non-coherent systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZmultiplesc.pdf | |||||
| 2363 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Wei, Q., Zheng, S., Cao, D. X. | 2004 | A Chinese View on Summary of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 23, Num = 3, Page = 217-221 | A Chinese View on Summary of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Review | From www.springerlink.com. Reprinted with permission from the authors. Abstract: Investigation on tritium was one of the recommendations in Energy Research Advisory Board (ERAB) report of U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) in November, 1989. Fifteen years evolution of the related research proved that it was an important recommendation. A selective resonant tunneling model is attempted to explain this discovery. Deuterium flux might be a key issue to solve the problem of the reproducibility. A further investigation is suggested based on this model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZachinesevi.pdf | ||||||
| 2364 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Wei, Q., Cai, N., Zheng, S., Cao, D. X. | 2005 | Multiple Scattering of Deuteron Wave Function near Surface of Palladium Lattice | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Multiple Scattering of Deuteron Wave Function near Surface of Palladium Lattice | theory | ||||||
| 2365 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Wei, Q., Cai, N., Zheng, S., Cao, D. X. | 2005 | Multiple Scattering of Deuteron Wave Function near Surface of Palladium Lattice (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Multiple Scattering of Deuteron Wave Function near Surface of Palladium Lattice (PowerPoint slides) | theory | ||||||
| 2366 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Wei, Q., Liu, B., Cai, N. | 2007 | Selective Resonant Tunneling through Coulomb Barrier by Confined Particles in Lattice Well | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Selective Resonant Tunneling through Coulomb Barrier by Confined Particles in Lattice Well | theory | A confined particle in a lattice potential well may tunnel through Coulomb barrier in terms of resonance. It will select the resonance which is of a specific life-time. In contrast to beam-target situation using an accelerator, the selected life-time of this resonance is . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=222 | |||||
| 2367 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Wei, Q., Liu, B., Ren, S. L. | 2007 | The Conjecture of the Neutrino Emission from the Metal Hydrides | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | The Conjecture of the Neutrino Emission from the Metal Hydrides | Condensed matter nuclear science, 3-Deuteron fusion reaction, KamLAND, Metal hydrides, Neutrino emission, Selective resonant tunneling | Selective Resonant tunneling model has been successful to explain the three major puzzles in cold fusion proposed by nuclear physicist (i.e. penetration of Coulomb barrier, no neutron emission, no gamma radiation), and successful also to explain the three major cross-section data in hot fusion(i.e. d+t, d+d, d+He3). Its prediction about 3-deuteron fusion has been found in experiments as well. The reasonable inference is the neutrino emission from the metal hydrides. The feasibility of detection of this neutrino is discussed in this note. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=17 | ||||||
| 2368 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z. | 2008 | Predictability of Theory, and Collaboration with Experimentalists in CMNS (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | Predictability of Theory, and Collaboration with Experimentalists in CMNS (PowerPoint slides) | theory | Prof. T. Dolan . . . IAEA Coordinator for International Fusion Research (1995-2001), decided to use 3-Parameter formula instead of 5-Parameter formula for D+T Fusion Cross-Section in his Plasma Course at Univ. of Illinois, 2008. Because 3-Parameter formula is better than 5-Parameter formula not only in numbers but also in Physics. 3-Parameter formula shows the possibility of having nuclear reaction without strong neutron or gamma radiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZpredictabi.pdf | |||||
| 2369 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Wei, Q. | 2008 | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science Research in China | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science Research in China | review | |||||||
| 2370 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Wei, Q., Zheng, S. X., Cao, D. X. | 2008 | Exploring a Self-Sustaining Heater without Strong Nuclear Radiation | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Exploring a Self-Sustaining Heater without Strong Nuclear Radiation | Excess heat | |||||||
| 2371 | Book Section | Li, X. Z., Wei, Q., Liu, B. | 2008 | An Approach to Nuclear Energy without Strong Nuclear Radiation | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series An Approach to Nuclear Energy without Strong Nuclear Radiation | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch003 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch003 | ||||||
| 2372 | Report | Li, X. Z. | 2009 | Review of CBS 60 Minutes 'Cold Fusion is Hot Again' (in Chinese) | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | Tsinghua University | Beijing | Review of CBS 60 Minutes 'Cold Fusion is Hot Again' (in Chinese) | Review | A review, written in Chinese, of the CBS 60 Minutes program 'Cold Fusion is Hot Again.' This program was broadcast on April 19, 2009. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZreviewofcb.pdf | ||||
| 2373 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Tian, J., Ren, X. Z., Li, J., Wei, Q., Liang, C. L., Yu, J. Z. | 2009 | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers --- (II) Theoretical Model ---- (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers --- (II) Theoretical Model ---- (PowerPoint slides) | theory | Super-wave has generated the long lasting, high gain 'excess heat' in deuterium/palladium systems during Energetics Technologies, ENEA, and SRI collaboration. There must be an internal wave nature of the deuterium/palladium systems, which is in response to external super-wave, particularly, near the surface of the deuterium/palladium systems. Three sets of experimental data in the past 7 years at Tsinghua University are summarized to reveal this wave nature (please see abstract (I)). A simple theoretical model was set-up to understand this wave nature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZwavenature.pdf | ||||
| 2374 | Conference Proceedings | Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Tian, J., Ren, X. Z., Li, J., Wei, Q., Liang, C. L., Yu, J. Z. | 2009 | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers --- (II) Theoretical Model | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers --- (II) Theoretical Model | theory | Two sets of experimental results are analyzed using the wave nature of the deuterons inside the palladium film. An identity for the ratio of absorption to transmission rate is derived to qualitatively explain the correlation between the deuterium flux and heat flow in experiments. In addition, a peak-wise behavior is shown for the permeation of deuterium flux through the palladium thin film as a function of the number of nanometer coating layers in experiments and in theory. This peak-wise variation is the charateristic behavior due to the wave nature of the deuterons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=166 | ||||
| 2375 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z. | 2013 | The Big Elephant and Blind Men | Infinite Energy | 24 The Big Elephant and Blind Men theory | theory, critique | There were five blind men who tried to understand what an elephant was. The first touched the nose, and said that it was like a soft tube. The second touched the big ear, and said it was like a fan (ancient Chinese fans are made of a big piece of palm leaf). The third touched the big leg, and said it was like a pillar. The fourth touched the body, and said it was like a wall. The fifth touched the tail, and said it was like a rope. This Chinese fable tells us that after more than 20 years of experimental study of anomalous phenomena in metal hydrides (deuterides), we are supposed to integrate our knowledge about these phenomena and extract an image of this ?ig elephant.? Infinite Energy initiated this discussion about the ?lephant.? Logically speaking, one should read the 162 papers in Storms? JCMNS paper, then comment on this new Storms paper. Nevertheless, I would like to support this initiative, and provide my imagination as a sixth blind after reading Storms? review. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiXZthebigelep.pdf | ||||||
| 2376 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Dong, Z. M., Liang, C. L. | 2014 | 'Excess Heat' in Ni-H Systems and Selective Resonant Tunneling | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 299-310 'Excess Heat' in Ni-H Systems and Selective Resonant Tunneling | Bethe?? solar model of weak interaction, Internal conversion electron, Resonant electron capture, Selective resonant tunneling | Selective resonant tunneling model is applied to Ni-H systems to explain the 'excess heat' without strong neutron and gamma radiations. In combination with Bethe????- solar model of weak interaction, the reaction rate is estimated, and compared with experiments. An experimental test is further suggested. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=309 | ||||||
| 2377 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Dong, Z. M., Liang, C. L., Fu, Y., Liu, B., Huang, G., Zheng, S., Chen, S. | 2017 | Hydrogen-lithium Low Energy Resonant Electron-capture and Bethe?? Solar Energy Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Hydrogen-lithium Low Energy Resonant Electron-capture and Bethe?? Solar Energy Model | Bethe?? solar energy model, Huizenga?? three puzzles, LiAlH4, (p +6Li) Low energy resonance, New formula for fusion cross-section with three parameters, Resonant electron capture, Width of resonance peak | Bethe's solar energy model is applied to the case of (p+6Li) low energy resonance near 50 eV. The cross-section would be greatly enhanced to meet the experimental observations in Ni-H(LiAlH4) systems and in '`Hydrogen-lithium fusion devices.'' The width of the resonance does not prevent low energy resonance from contributing to the cross-section. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=187 | ||||||
| 2378 | Journal Article | Li, X. Z., Dong, Z. M., Liang, C. L., Huang, G. | 2019 | Resonant Surface Capture Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Resonant Surface Capture Model | Lithium-Hydrogen fusion reaction, 3-Parameter formula for fusion cross-section, Resonant surface capture model, Temperature dependence of excess heat, Width of resonance | A resonant surface capture model is proposed to explain the various phenomena: the temperature dependence of excess heat, nuclear fusion cross-section data from beam??arget experiments and from condensed matter nuclear reactions. This model is based on Oppenheimer?? stripping nuclear reaction, and Bethe?? solar energy calculation using the resonance effect to put the incoming projectile at the edge of target nucleus without forming compound nucleus. This is a new kind of resonance at low energy . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=449 | ||||||
| 2379 | Conference Proceedings | Liang, W. X., Xu, D. M., Zhang, G. Y., Yao, Z. L., Wang, E. Y. | 1992 | Neutron Measurements in a AC-Discharge Tube | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 445 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Neutron Measurements in a AC-Discharge Tube | Pd, Gas Discharge, D2, neutron, ICCF-3 | A schematic diagram of the device is shown in Fig. 1. Discharge is produced by an AC voltage (300V-600V , 50Hz) applied between two Pd Coaxial electrodes in a glass tube filling deuterium gas with pressure in the range of 0.1 to tens Torr. The neutron counts are recorded by two long Counters Consisting of BF3 Counter. One of the neutron detectors is close to the glass tube and another is far away from glass tube for background neutron level measurements. After 20 minutes discharge cleaning with 350V AC at this time increasing the voltage to 500v , the neutron counts are suddenly increased to the level higher than 4 times of the background. Fifteen minutes later increasing a little deuterium pressure again, the neutron counts rise to a level of 10 times higher than the background (see Fig. 2). An AC discharge (300-600V, 50 Hz) was produced in D2 (0.1->10 torr) between two concentric Pd electrodes. Neutron emission over 10 times background was produced when voltage was 500 V. Possible noise as source of signal was not addressed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=184 | ||
| 2380 | Journal Article | Liang, C. L., Dong, Z. M., Li, X. Z. | 2015 | Selective resonant tunnelling -- turning hydrogen-storage material into energetic material | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 519 Selective resonant tunnelling -- turning hydrogen-storage material into energetic material | |||||||||
| 2381 | Journal Article | Liang, C. L., Dong, Z. M., Fu, Y., Li, X. Z. | 2016 | Lithium ? An Important Additive in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 164 Lithium ? An Important Additive in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Resonance and resonant tunneling, p+6Li low energy resonance, Resonance accompanied with weak interaction, The width of resonance at low energy, 3-Parameter formula for fusion cross-section | A (p+6Li) low energy resonance state is found using the 3-parameter formula for fusion cross-section based on the selective resonant tunneling model. The electron capture is the possible weak interaction to make use of this low energy resonance. When the resonance energy level is close to zero, the width of the resonance peak in the fusion cross-section is much greater than the width of the resonance energy level; therefore, the absorption through this low energy resonance level is no longer a problem for resonant tunneling of Coulomb barrier at low energy. Both hot fusion data and the CMNS experiment data support this resonant tunneling concept. As a result, lithium turns out to be an important additive in both CMNS and Hot Plasma fusion research. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=172 | ||||||
| 2382 | Conference Proceedings | Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Turner, P., Liebert, B. E. | 1990 | Elevated Temperature Excess Heat Production Using Molten-Salt Electrochemical Techniques | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 49 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Elevated Temperature Excess Heat Production Using Molten-Salt Electrochemical Techniques | molten salt, heat+, Pd, Fused Salt | An investigation of elevated-temperature excess heat production in the Ti-D and Pd-D systems is presented here. A eutectic LiCl-KCl molten salt saturated with LiD is used as the electrolyte in a Pd/Al or Ti/Al electrochemical cell. Typical operating temperatures are around 370?, which results in faster kinetics compared to room temperature operation. If this system can be developed for utility applications, high-grade heat and high thermodynamic efficiencies can be expected. Since the electrolyte provides a very reducing environment, metal surface oxides are readily removed; thus, this unique system offers the possibility of using less expensive materials than Pd. A modified isoperibol calorimeter was built for the excess power measurements. Preliminary results show high levels of excess power output, especially in the Pd-D system, although the effect remains sporadic. This is the Fusion Facts version of the paper, with a different title. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiawBYelevatedte.pdf | |||
| 2383 | Conference Proceedings | Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Liebert, B. E. | 1991 | Recent Progress on Cold Fusion Research Using Molten Salt Techniques | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 55 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Recent Progress on Cold Fusion Research Using Molten Salt Techniques | Pd, molten salt, helium Fused Salt ICCF-2 | A novel elevated-temperature molten salt technique has been demonstrated for generating high-level excess heat. More than 4 MJ mol^-1 D2 of excess heat, at least 600% over the input power, was measured in two incidents using a torched Pd anode and an AI alloy cathode in a eutectic LiCI-KCI mixture saturated with excess liD above 350?. No thermochemical explanation can account for this excess heat. Measurements on the hydrogen-based system showed the expected endothermic behavior. The Pd samples were later examined for their morphology and for helium analysis. A porous microstructure of the samples was found. The electrolysis and deuteriding processes changed the morphology substantially. Enhancement of aparticles in the deuterided sample was detected, while the hydrided sample showed an opposite effect. The amount of the alpha-particles in the sample, however, was not commensurate with the measured excess heat. Reproducibility of the experiments has been poor to date. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=70 | ||
| 2384 | Journal Article | Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Turner, P., Liebert, B. E. | 1991 | Elevated-temperature excess heat production in a Pd + D system | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 319 | Elevated-temperature excess heat production in a Pd + D system | molten salt, Pd, heat+, 4He, surface analysis Fused Salt | ||||||||
| 2385 | Conference Proceedings | Liaw, B. Y., Liebert, B. E. | 1992 | A Potential Shuttle Mechanism for Charging Hydrogen Species into Metals in Hydride-Containing Molten Salt Systems | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 401 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | A Potential Shuttle Mechanism for Charging Hydrogen Species into Metals in Hydride-Containing Molten Salt Systems | Molten Salt, method, Fused Salt, ICCF-3 | This paper proposes a 'shuttle mechanism' in the hydride-containing molten salts under severe charging conditions. Our previous work reported that the use of elevated-temperature deuteride-containing molten salts promises great potential for charging deuterium into metals for excess heat generation. Substantial excess heat was measured occasionally but was difficult to reproduce, which reduced the prospect of this technology. We believe an understanding of the reaction mechanism is critical for reproducibility. The proposed 'shuttle mechanism' is based on the interpretation of the polarization behavior for various cell operating conditions. An attempt has been made to understand the reaction(s) responsible for the excess heat generation in spite of the complexity of the electrochemistry of this molten-salt system compared to heavy-water electrolysis. We examined the oxidation potentials reported in the literature and compared with results obtained from polarization techniques . Various methods to improve the molten-salt process are explored. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=141 | ||
| 2386 | Conference Proceedings | Liaw, B. Y., Gao, Q. H. | 1993 | Thin Film Yttria-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia | 9th International Conf. on Solid State Ionics | The Hague, The Netherlands | Sept. 12-17, 1993 | Thin Film Yttria-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia | ZrO2, layer | ||||||
| 2387 | Conference Proceedings | Liaw, B. Y., Ding, Y. | 1993 | Charging Hydrogen into Ni in Hydride-containing Molten Salts | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 30 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Charging Hydrogen into Ni in Hydride-containing Molten Salts | Ni, Molten Salt, method, Fused Salt, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2388 | Journal Article | Liaw, B. Y., Tao, P. L., Liebert, B. E. | 1993 | Helium analysis of palladium electrodes after molten salt electrolysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Helium analysis of palladium electrodes after molten salt electrolysis | molten salt, Pd, helium Fused Salt | ||||||||
| 2389 | Journal Article | Liboff, R. L. | 1979 | Fusion via metallic deuterium | Phys. Lett., Vol = 71A | Fusion via metallic deuterium | theory, boson wave overlap | ||||||||
| 2390 | Journal Article | Liboff, R. L. | 1993 | Feasibility of fusion of an aggregate of deuterons in the ground state | Phys. Lett., Vol = 174 A | Feasibility of fusion of an aggregate of deuterons in the ground state | theory, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 2391 | Journal Article | Lida, T. | 1995 | Deuteron fusion experiments with some foils implanted with deuteron beams | Genshikaku Kenkyu, Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = 77 | Deuteron fusion experiments with some foils implanted with deuteron beams | ion bombardment, Pd, Zr, Ti, D2, particle emission | ||||||||
| 2392 | Report | Lietz, H. | 2004 | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science Status Report Germany | Genshikaku Kenkyu, Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = 77 | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science Status Report Germany Review | This memo reports historical and present, experimental and theoretical research being done in Germany of relevance to Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (CMNS), Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), or Chemically Assisted Nuclear Reactions (CANR), sometimes called 'cold fusion'. Reported are current d+d fusion experiments far below the Coulomb barrier at Universities in Berlin and Bochum. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LietzHcondensedm.pdf | |||||||
| 2393 | Magazine Article | Lietz, H. | 2004 | Unbeachtete Forschung: Kalte Fusion | Telepolis | Unbeachtete Forschung: Kalte Fusion | review, history | Am 23. M?z 1989 wurde die Welt in Aufregung versetzt, als zwei Chemiker berichteten, sie h?ten eine Kernfusion bei Raumtemperatur beobachtet. Berichte einer neuen, vielversprechenden Energiequelle liefen um die Welt. Nach einem halben Jahr, einem Negativbericht des US-Energieministeriums und einigen gescheiterten Versuchen, das Experiment zu reproduzieren, setzte sich in Wissenschaft und ?fentlichkeit die ?erzeugung durch, es habe sich um einen Fehlalarm gehandelt. Jenseits des wissenschaftlichen und ?fentlichen Mainstreams jedoch haben Wissenschaftler in den letzten 15 Jahren die Forschung vorangetrieben. In Italien und Japan sind daf? ?fentliche Gelder zur Verf?ung gestellt worden. In Hunderten Experimenten wird mittlerweile von der Messung von Fusionsprodukten, der Umwandlung von Elementen und einem Energiegewinn berichtet. Die Erforscher der kalten Fusion haben erreicht, dass das US-Energieministerium diese Berichte nun ?erpr?t. Gespannt wartet die Fachwelt auf den Review. Der vorliegende Bericht schildert Forschungsergebnisse aus 15 Jahren und fragt, wie es m?lich war, dass au?rhalb des Internets kaum Informationen dar?er bekannt geworden sind. Als Hauptgrund wird genannt, dass die kalte Fusion bisherigen Erkenntnissen widerspricht, Fusion sei nur hei? m?lich. Berichtet wird auch, wie die kalte Fusion von Teilen der Politik und der Wissenschaft aktiv bek?pft worden ist. In jedem Fall ist die kalte Fusion eine Konkurrenz f? die hei? Fusion, in die als Energiequelle der Zukunft bereits Milliardenbetr?e investiert worden sind. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LietzHunbeachtet.pdf | ||||||
| 2394 | Journal Article | Lievrouw, L. A. | 1990 | Communication and the social representation of scientific knowledge | Crit. Stud. Mass Commun., Vol = 7 | Communication and the social representation of scientific knowledge | history, discussion | ||||||||
| 2395 | Journal Article | Lihn, C. J., Wan, C. C., Wan, C. M., Perng, T. P. | 1993 | The influence of deposits on palladium cathodes in D2O electrolysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | The influence of deposits on palladium cathodes in D2O electrolysis | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, quartz, surface analysis, diffusion | ||||||||
| 2396 | Journal Article | Lin, T. L., Liu, C. C. | 1990 | Cold fusion experiment at Department of Nuclear Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 487 | Cold fusion experiment at Department of Nuclear Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University | neutron, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 2397 | Journal Article | Lin, G. H., Kainthla, R. C., Packham, N. J. C., Velev, O. A., Bockris, J. | 1990 | On electrochemical tritium production | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 15 | On electrochemical tritium production | tritium, Pd, electrolysis, dendrite, D2O | ||||||||
| 2398 | Journal Article | Lin, G. H., Kainthla, R. C., Packham, N. J. C., Bockris, J. | 1990 | Electrochemical fusion: a mechanism speculation | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 280 | Electrochemical fusion: a mechanism speculation | dendrite, tritium, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 2399 | Journal Article | Lin, G. H., Bhardwa, J. R., Bockris, J. | 1995 | Response to Noninski et al: Observation of beta radiation decay in low energy nuclear reaction | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 9 | Response to Noninski et al: Observation of beta radiation decay in low energy nuclear reaction | critique, transmutation | ||||||||
| 2400 | Journal Article | Lin, G. H., Bockris, J. | 1996 | Anomalous radioactivity and unexpected elements as a result of heating inorganic mixtures | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 100 | Anomalous radioactivity and unexpected elements as a result of heating inorganic mixtures | transmutation, gunpowder, chemical | ||||||||
| 2401 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1989 | Does commercial pressure make for bad science? | The World & I | Does commercial pressure make for bad science? | history, critique | ||||||||
| 2402 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1989 | Double Blow for Cold Nuclear Fusion | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Double Blow for Cold Nuclear Fusion | history | ||||||||
| 2403 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1989 | Cold Fusion Gathering is Incentive to Collaborate | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Cold Fusion Gathering is Incentive to Collaborate | history | ||||||||
| 2404 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1989 | Noncommittal Outcome | Nature (London), Vol = 341 | Noncommittal Outcome | history | ||||||||
| 2405 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1989 | No Evidence for Neutrons at Yale/BYU | Nature (London), Vol = 342 | No Evidence for Neutrons at Yale/BYU | history, neutron | ||||||||
| 2406 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1989 | Official Thumbs Down | Nature (London), Vol = 342 | Official Thumbs Down | history | ||||||||
| 2407 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1990 | The Embarrassment of Cold Fusion | Nature (London), Vol = 344 | The Embarrassment of Cold Fusion | history | This paper is available from: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v344/n6265/pdf/344375a0.pdf A copy is also available here: http://newenergytimes.com/v2/inthenews/1990/Nature-Embarassment.shtml These links along with some selected quotes from the paper are included in the version here. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LindleyDtheembarra.pdf | ||||||
| 2408 | Journal Article | Lindley, D. | 1990 | Utah Faculty Protest Cold Fusion Dealings | Nature (London), Vol = 345 | Utah Faculty Protest Cold Fusion Dealings | history | ||||||||
| 2409 | Journal Article | Linford, R. K. | 1991 | Remarks of Rulon K. Linford | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 10, Num = 1, Page = 121 | Remarks of Rulon K. Linford | history | ||||||||
| 2410 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P., Sakov, D. M. | 1989 | Anomalous beta activity of products of mechanical working of a titanium- deuterated material | Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 15, Num = 10, Page = 783 | Anomalous beta activity of products of mechanical working of a titanium- deuterated material | fractofusion, Ti, ball mill, tritium | ||||||||
| 2411 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Toporov, Yu. P., Deryagin, B. V., Sakov, D. M. | 1989 | Deuterium-deuterium fusion initiation by friction in the system titanium- deuterated polymer | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 15, Num = 17, Page = 26 (in Russian) | Deuterium-deuterium fusion initiation by friction in the system titanium- deuterated polymer | friction, Ti, D2O, neutron, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2412 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P. | 1989 | Neutron emission during the mechanical treatment of titanium in the presence of deuterated substances | JETP, Vol = 49, Num = 11, Page = 675 | Neutron emission during the mechanical treatment of titanium in the presence of deuterated substances | Ti, neutron, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2413 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P., Sirotyuk, M. G., Khavroshkin, O. B., Sakov, D. M. | 1990 | Observation of neutrons from cavitation action on substances containing deuterium | Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 9, Page = 89 (in Russian) | Observation of neutrons from cavitation action on substances containing deuterium | D2O, H2O, LaNi5, ultrasonic, neutron, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2414 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Klyuev, V. A., Toporov, Yu. P., Deryagin, B. V. | 1990 | Neutron generation by mechanical activation of metal surfaces | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 17, Page = 54 (in Russian) | Neutron generation by mechanical activation of metal surfaces | fractofusion, Ti, LaNi5, friction, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 2415 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Deryagin, B. V., Kudryavtsev, V. N., Toporov, Yu. P., Klyuev, V. A., Kolobov, M. A., Sakov, D. M. | 1991 | Reproducible neutron emission by the combined effect of cavitation and electrolysis at the surface of a titanium cathode in electrolyte based on heavy water | Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., Vol = 17, Num = 21, Page = 33 (in Russian) | Reproducible neutron emission by the combined effect of cavitation and electrolysis at the surface of a titanium cathode in electrolyte based on heavy water | Ti, ultrasonic, electrolysis, neutron | ||||||||
| 2416 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Kuznetsov, V. A., Deryagin, B. V. | 1991 | Scenarios of 'cold nuclear fusion' by concentration of elastic energy in crystals | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 318, Num = 3, Page = 636 (in Russian) | Scenarios of 'cold nuclear fusion' by concentration of elastic energy in crystals | fractofusion, theory | ||||||||
| 2417 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Toporov, Yu. P., Gromov, V. V., Deryagin, B. V. | 1991 | The possibility of 'cold nuclear fusion' in deuterated ceramic YBa2Cu3O(7-x) in the superconducting state | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 321, Num = 5, Page = 958 (in Russian) | The possibility of 'cold nuclear fusion' in deuterated ceramic YBa2Cu3O(7-x) in the superconducting state | superconductor, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 2418 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Deryagin, B. V., Sakov, D. M. | 1992 | Parallel recording of pulsed thermal effects and neutron bursts in heterostructural Au/Pd/PdO, saturated with deuterium by electrochemical means | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 18, Num = 20, Page = 58 (in Russian) | Parallel recording of pulsed thermal effects and neutron bursts in heterostructural Au/Pd/PdO, saturated with deuterium by electrochemical means | Pd-Au-PdO, electrolysis, neutron, layers | ||||||||
| 2419 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Kalinin, V. B., Deryagin, B. V. | 1992 | Neutron emission in monocrystals of KD2PO4, stimulated by ferroelectric phase transition | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fis., Vol = 18, Num = 16, Page = 90 (in Russian) | Neutron emission in monocrystals of KD2PO4, stimulated by ferroelectric phase transition | neutron, KD2PO4, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2420 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Deryagin, B. V., Klyuev, V. A., Toporov, Yu. P., Sirotyuk, M. G., Khavroshkin, O. B., Sakov, D. M. | 1992 | Initiation of nuclear fusion by cavitation action on deuterium-containing media | Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 62, Num = 12, Page = 121 (in Russian) | Initiation of nuclear fusion by cavitation action on deuterium-containing media | LaNi5, ultrasonic, neutron, D2O, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2421 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Kluev, V. A., Mordovin, V. N., Sakov, D. M., Derjaguin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P. | 1992 | On the initiation of DD reactions in the zirconium-deuterium system | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 166 | On the initiation of DD reactions in the zirconium-deuterium system | fractofusion, Zr, ball mill, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 2422 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Saunin, E. I., Deryagin, B. V. | 1993 | Possibilities for increasing the neutron emission in KD2PO4 crystals at the phase transition through the Curie point | Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 19, Num = 11, Page = 729 | Possibilities for increasing the neutron emission in KD2PO4 crystals at the phase transition through the Curie point | KD2PO4, phase change, fractofusion, neutron | ||||||||
| 2423 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Deryagin, B. V., Sakov, D. M. | 1993 | Is 'cold nuclear fusion' necessary to understand the anomalous thermal effects in the Pd-D(H) system? | Phys. Dokl., Vol = 38 | Is 'cold nuclear fusion' necessary to understand the anomalous thermal effects in the Pd-D(H) system? | critique, history | ||||||||
| 2424 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I., Deryagin, B. V., Toporov, Yu. P., Klyuev, V. A., Sakov, D. M. | 1993 | The generation of nuclear fusion products by a combination of cavitation action and electrolysis at the titanioum surface in deuterated electrolyte | Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 63, Num = 7, Page = 187 (in Russian) | The generation of nuclear fusion products by a combination of cavitation action and electrolysis at the titanioum surface in deuterated electrolyte | fractofusion, Ti, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, ultrasonic | ||||||||
| 2425 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Saunin, E. I., Kalinin, V. B., Kolovov, M. A., Deryagin, B. V., Khodyakov, A. A. | 1993 | Cold nuclear fusion induced in KD2PO4 single crystals by a ferroelectric phase transition | JETP, Vol = 76, Num = 6, Page = 1070 | Cold nuclear fusion induced in KD2PO4 single crystals by a ferroelectric phase transition | KD2PO4, fractofusion, neutron | ||||||||
| 2426 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Bardyshev, I. I., Sakov, D. M. | 1994 | Generation of hard gamma-radiation in KD2PO4 single crystals during the ferroelectric phase transition | Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 20 | Generation of hard gamma-radiation in KD2PO4 single crystals during the ferroelectric phase transition | ferroelectrics, gamma emission, fractofusion, KD2PO4 | ||||||||
| 2427 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M. | 1994 | Increase in the intensity of the external neutron flux in the irradiation of a KD2PO4 crystal at the point of the ferroelectric transition | Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 20 | Increase in the intensity of the external neutron flux in the irradiation of a KD2PO4 crystal at the point of the ferroelectric transition | KD2PO4, neutron, irradiation | ||||||||
| 2428 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Bardyshev, I. I., Sakov, D. M. | 1995 | Possible Observation of the First Excited State of He4 Nucleus According to the g-Emission Data in KD2PO4 Crystals upon Transition Through Curie Point | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 563 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Possible Observation of the First Excited State of He4 Nucleus According to the g-Emission Data in KD2PO4 Crystals upon Transition Through Curie Point | Helium, KD2PO4, gamma emission ICCF-5 | The spectrum of g-radiation (in the range of 3.0-8.5 MeV), generated by KD2P04 crystals on the phase transition through Curie point, was studied by the use of a semiconductor, low-background detector. The maximum g-radiation with the energy of 4.1??0.3 MeV and the width G=0.6??0.4 was detected. The maximum has been recorded in the course of the ferroelectric phase transition on KD2PO4 single crystals, and proves the decay of the first excited state of He4 nucleus. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=370 | ||
| 2429 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M. | 1995 | Amplification of the Neutron Flux Transmitted Through KD2PO4 Single-Crystal at the Ferroelectric Phase Transition State | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 571 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Amplification of the Neutron Flux Transmitted Through KD2PO4 Single-Crystal at the Ferroelectric Phase Transition State | KD2PO4, neutron irradiation, ICCF-5 | The phenomenon of external neutron flux amplification (about 10% from total value) emitted from Cf252 neutron source (I=3-10^2 n/s in 4p), than partialy moderated by use of polyethylene and transmitted through the KD2P04 single crystal being at the ferroelectric phase transition state has been obtained. If DKDP crystal was out of the phase transition temperature interval upon the transmission of neutron flux through it, then amplification effect was not observed. The variation of excess neutron emission intensity ejected by DKDP crystal at the different detector's background level has been studied. The intensity of neutron emission (after subtraction of the background) is increased from 0.01 count/s at cosmic background level (0.01 count/s) to 0.20 count/s at 1.1 count/s background level of detector. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=378 | ||
| 2430 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Saunin, E. I. | 1995 | Interaction of weak neutron flux with triglycine sulphate (D0.6H0.4) at the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 21, Num = 24, Page = 25 (in Russian) | Interaction of weak neutron flux with triglycine sulphate (D0.6H0.4) at the paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition | theory, fractofusion, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 2431 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E.I., Deryagin, B. V. | 1995 | Generation of the products of DD nuclear fusion in high-temperature superconductors YBa2Cu3O7-deltaDy near the superconducting phase transition | Tech. Phys., Vol = 40 | Generation of the products of DD nuclear fusion in high-temperature superconductors YBa2Cu3O7-deltaDy near the superconducting phase transition | superconductor, fractofusion, phase transition, neutron, tritium | ||||||||
| 2432 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Kuznetsov, V. A., Ivanova, T. S., Deryagin, B. V. | 1995 | The nature of excess energy liberated in a Pd/PdO heterostructure electrochemically saturated with hydrogen (deuterium) | Russ. J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 69 | The nature of excess energy liberated in a Pd/PdO heterostructure electrochemically saturated with hydrogen (deuterium) | Theory, fractofusion, polywater, Pd | ||||||||
| 2433 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Sakov, D. M., Kuznetsov, V. A., Ivanova, T. S. | 1996 | Excess Heat Production and Nuclear Ash in PdO/Pd/PdO Heterostructure after Electrochemical Saturation with Deuterium | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 433 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Excess Heat Production and Nuclear Ash in PdO/Pd/PdO Heterostructure after Electrochemical Saturation with Deuterium | heat+, PdO-Pd-PdO, layer, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-6 | Heat production. nuclear ash and e1ectrophysicai processes in PdO/Pd/PdO (Au/Pd/PdO) het:erostructures electrochemically saturated 'vith deuterium (hydrogen) have been investigated. ft was shown in after electrolysis period a strong heat flash with duration of 2-7 s and energy density of 60-100 J/cm2 was observed for PdJPdO:D(H) sample placed in air atmosphere. The thermal energy of each Hash was approximately 2- 5 times higher than the energy supplied to the sample during electrolysis. Neutron- and gamma-emissions accompanying the heat production have been investigated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=32 | ||
| 2434 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A., Kuznetsov, V. A., Sakov, D. M., Saunin, E. I. | 1996 | Cold Fusion and Electrophyslcal Processes in Ferroelectric Deuterated Crystalls. Influence of Thermal Neutron BackgroundLevel, D-H Substitution and Crystal Mass | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 512 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Cold Fusion and Electrophyslcal Processes in Ferroelectric Deuterated Crystalls. Influence of Thermal Neutron BackgroundLevel, D-H Substitution and Crystal Mass | Neutron | Cllange in neutron flux intensity upon the passing through K(DxH1-x)2P04 crystals in the vicinity of Curie point depending on thermal neutron backgroillld level, its mass and D-H substitution index (x) has been studied. The semiemperical equition that describes neutron emission processes in DKDP Grystals near TC quite correctly, has been proposed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=111 | |||
| 2435 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Kuznetsov, V. A., Ivanova, T. S., Saunin, E. I., Ushakov, S. I. | 1997 | Possibility of mechanically stimulated transmutation of carbon nuclei in ultradisperse deuterium-containing media | Tech. Phys., Vol = 42 | Possibility of mechanically stimulated transmutation of carbon nuclei in ultradisperse deuterium-containing media | fractofusion, ball mill, neutron, C | ||||||||
| 2436 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Roussetski, A. S., Asami, N. | 2000 | Evidence for DD-Reaction and a Long-Range Alpha Emission in Au/Pd/PdO:D Heterstructure as a Result of Exothermic Deuterium Deposition | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 231 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Evidence for DD-Reaction and a Long-Range Alpha Emission in Au/Pd/PdO:D Heterstructure as a Result of Exothermic Deuterium Deposition | CR-39, particle emission, Au-Pd-PdO, alpha, D2, neutron, ICCF-8, Helium | ||||
| 2437 | Journal Article | Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Roussetski, A. S., Akimoto, T., Mizuno, T., Asami, N., Shimada, R., Miyashita, S., Takahashi, A. | 2000 | Evidence for low-intensity D-D reaction as a result of exothermic deuterium desorption from Au/Pd/PdO:D heterostructure | Fusion Technol., Vol = 38 | Evidence for low-intensity D-D reaction as a result of exothermic deuterium desorption from Au/Pd/PdO:D heterostructure | Pd, electrolysis, neutron, Au/Pd/PdO, particle emission | ||||||||
| 2438 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Miley, G. H., Castano, C. H. | 2002 | In-Situ Charged Particles And X-Ray Detection In Pd Thin Film-Cathodes During Electrolysis In Li2SO4/H2O | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | In-Situ Charged Particles And X-Ray Detection In Pd Thin Film-Cathodes During Electrolysis In Li2SO4/H2O | charged particle, x-ray, CR-39 | Measurements of energetic charged particle and soft X-ray emissions have been performed using calibrated CR-39 plastic track and LiF/Al2O3:C-Thermo-Luminescent (TLD)? detectors. It was found that during the electrolysis of thin Pd-film cathodes on the dielectric substrates, the alpha-particles ranging from 11.0-16.0 MeV and protons near 1.7 MeV are emitted. No significant X-ray emission with upper dose limit of ~ 1 mrem (corresponding to ~ 5.0 X-ray photon/s?m2 with Ex=10 keV) was detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGinsituchar.pdf | ||||
| 2439 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Karabut, A. B., Roussetski, A. S. | 2002 | Anomalous enhancement of DD-reaction, alpha emission and X-ray generation in the high current pulsing deuterium glow-discharge with Ti-cathode at the voltages ranging from 0.8-2.5 kV | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Anomalous enhancement of DD-reaction, alpha emission and X-ray generation in the high current pulsing deuterium glow-discharge with Ti-cathode at the voltages ranging from 0.8-2.5 kV 4023 | ICCF-9, Ti, D2, glow discharge, X-ray, alpha, transmutation, CR-39 | Using electronic noiseless solid state plastic track (CR-39) and Al2O3:C thermo-luminescent (TLD) detectors, the yields of charged particles (DD-reaction products and long-range α-particles) and X-ray photons are studied in the pulsing-periodic deuterium glow discharge with Ti-cathode at low discharge voltage (ranging of 0.8-2.5 kV) and high current density (300 - 600 mA/cm^2). Analysis of DD-proton yields versus accelerating voltages, allowed to estimate the deuteron screening potential value US at the deuteron energy range of 0.8 < Ed < 2.45 keV. It was found that in this energy range the effective screening potential would be as high as US = 620 ?140 eV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGanomalouse.pdf | |||
| 2440 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Kuznetsov, V. A., Saunin, E. I., Miley, G. H. | 2002 | Anomalous thermal neutron capture and sub-surface Pd-isotopes separation in cold-worked palladium foils as a result of deuterium loading | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Anomalous thermal neutron capture and sub-surface Pd-isotopes separation in cold-worked palladium foils as a result of deuterium loading 4024 | ICCF-9, neutron, Pd, D2, PdD, absorption | The process of thermal neutron absorption in the cold- worked Pd cathodes during electrolysis in NaOD/D2O solution under irradiation by Ultraweak Thermalized Neutron Field (UTNF) was studied. It was found that during deuterium loading the probability of thermal neutron absorption in a strained Pd is increased by a factor 8 compared to the unstrained (annealed) sample or sample where loading is not carried out. Symmetric separation of Pd isotope pairs of Pd108-Pd105 and Pd110-Pd104 occurring in the subsurface layer down to 500 A depth in the cold worked Pd foil loaded with deuterium is observed. It is established that observed Pd isotope separation is solely defined by a strong plastic deformation (mechanical strain), induced by deuterium loading in Pd-matrix. The effect of Pd-isotopes separation is strongly enhanced under UTNF irradiation | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGanomaloust.pdf | |||
| 2441 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Karabut, A. B., Miley, G. H. | 2003 | Strong Enhancement of DD-reaction Accompanied by X-ray Generation in a Pulsed Low Voltage High-Current Deuterium Glow Discharge with a Ti-Cathode | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Strong Enhancement of DD-reaction Accompanied by X-ray Generation in a Pulsed Low Voltage High-Current Deuterium Glow Discharge with a Ti-Cathode | glow discharge Ti CR39 | Using noiseless solid state CR-39 plastic track and Al2O3:C thermo-luminescent detectors, the yields of 3.0 MeV protons from DD-reaction and soft x-ray photons emitted from the cathode were studied in the periodic pulsing deuterium glow discharge with titanium cathodes at low discharge voltages (in the range 0.8-2.5 kV) and high current density (300-600 mA/cm^2). The analysis of DD-proton yield versus accelerating voltages allowed us to estimate the deuteron screening potential value US in the deuteron energy range of 0.8 < Ed < 2.45 keV. A strong DD-reaction enhancement was found in the glow discharge (the effective screening potential Ue = 610?150 eV was found) compared to that for accelerator experiments at higher deuteron energies (Elab = 2.5 keV) and lower beam current density (50-500 ?/cm^2). X-ray measurements showed an intense (Ix = 10^13 - 10^14 s^-1cm^-2 ) soft x-ray emission (with a mean energy Ex = 1.2 - 1.5 keV) directly from the titanium cathode. The x-ray yield is strongly dependent on the deuterium diffusivity in the near the surface layer of cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGstrongenha.pdf | |||
| 2442 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Miley, G. H., Saunin, E. I. | 2003 | Phenomenon of an Energetic Charged Particle Emission From Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Metals | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Phenomenon of an Energetic Charged Particle Emission From Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Metals | charged particle, CR-39 | The new phenomenon of energetic alpha (up to 16.0 MeV) and proton (~1.7 MeV) emissions has been discovered from a metal surface possessing a large affinity for hydrogen and loaded/excited by electrolysis, glow discharge or powerful laser. These various experiments on charged particle detection show a remarkable feature, namely all exhibit a similar specific energy yield of long-range alphas (1 alpha particle per 10-15 eV input energy/Pd(Ti) target atom) independent of the excitation power of delivering method (electrolysis, glow discharge or laser irradiation). This result suggests the mechanism of energy transfer causing the energetic particle emissions in hydrogen loaded metal targets is similar despite the seemingly dissimilar excitation techniques. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGphenomenon.pdf | |||
| 2443 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Castano, C. H., Miley, G. H., Lyakhov, B. F., Tsivadze, A., Mitin, A. | 2005 | Evidence of Supersoichiometric H/D LENR Active Sites and High Temperature Superconductivity in a Hydrogen-Cycled Pd/PdO | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Evidence of Supersoichiometric H/D LENR Active Sites and High Temperature Superconductivity in a Hydrogen-Cycled Pd/PdO | superconductivity, Pd, H, D | ||||||
| 2444 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Castano, C. H., Miley, G. H., Lyakhov, B. F., Tsivadze, A., Mitin, A. | 2005 | Evidence of Supersoichiometric H/D LENR Active Sites and High Temperature Superconductivity in a Hydrogen-Cycled Pd/PdO (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Evidence of Supersoichiometric H/D LENR Active Sites and High Temperature Superconductivity in a Hydrogen-Cycled Pd/PdO (PowerPoint slides) | superconductivity, Pd, H, D | PowerPoint slides for the paper of the same title. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGevidenceofa.pdf | ||||
| 2445 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Miley, G. H., Momota, H. | 2005 | Enhancement of First Wall Damage in ITER Type TOKAMAK Due to LENR Effects | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Enhancement of First Wall Damage in ITER Type TOKAMAK Due to LENR Effects | glow discharge, tokamak | ||||||
| 2446 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Miley, G. H., Momota, H. | 2005 | Enhancement of First Wall Damage in ITER Type TOKAMAK Due to LENR Effects (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Enhancement of First Wall Damage in ITER Type TOKAMAK Due to LENR Effects (PowerPoint slides) | glow discharge, tokamak | ||||||
| 2447 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Miley, G. H., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I. | 2005 | Reproducible Nuclear Emissions from Pd/PdO:Dx Heterostructure during Controlled Exothermic Deuterium Desorption | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Reproducible Nuclear Emissions from Pd/PdO:Dx Heterostructure during Controlled Exothermic Deuterium Desorption | alpha, soft x-ray | ||||||
| 2448 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Miley, G. H., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I. | 2005 | Reproducible Nuclear Emissions from Pd/PdO:Dx Heterostructure during Controlled Exothermic Deuterium Desorption (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Reproducible Nuclear Emissions from Pd/PdO:Dx Heterostructure during Controlled Exothermic Deuterium Desorption (PowerPoint slides) | alpha, soft x-ray | ||||||
| 2449 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Saunin, E. I., Miley, G. H. | 2005 | Generation of DD-Reactions in a Ferroelectric KD2PO4 Single Crystal During Transition Through Curie Point (Tc = 220 K) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Generation of DD-Reactions in a Ferroelectric KD2PO4 Single Crystal During Transition Through Curie Point (Tc = 220 K) | neutron, cr-39 | A new approach to develop a source of 2.45 MeV neutrons caused by polarization reversal in KD2PO4 single crystal (DKDP) during its passage through the Curie point (Tc = 220 K) is presented. The background of this approach is referred to observation of neutron/proton emission in DKDP during paraelectric - ferroelectric phase transition to spontaneous polarization state (and vice versa) upon the heating/cooling of crystal through Curie point Tc = 220 K.?? The proposed source is based on earlier established proof of deuteron acceleration and neutron generation in the crystalline lattice of ferroelectrics during their transition to spontaneously polarized state (polarization reversal). In order to obtain neutron yield for practical application, the proposed solution foresees a separate DKDP crystals serving as cathode and anode and undergo to simultaneous ferroelectric phase transition in low-pressure deuterium atmosphere. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGgenerationb.pdf | ||||
| 2450 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Saunin, E. I., Miley, G. H. | 2005 | Generation of DD-Reactions in a Ferroelectric KD2PO4 Single Crystal During Transition Through Curie Point (Tc = 220 K) (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Generation of DD-Reactions in a Ferroelectric KD2PO4 Single Crystal During Transition Through Curie Point (Tc = 220 K) (PowerPoint slides) | neutron, cr-39 | A new approach to develop a source of 2.45 MeV neutrons caused by polarization reversal in KD2PO4 single crystal (DKDP) during its passage through the Curie point (Tc = 220 K) is presented. The background of this approach is referred to observation of neutron/proton emission in DKDP during paraelectric - ferroelectric phase transition to spontaneous polarization state (and vice versa) upon the heating/cooling of crystal through Curie point Tc = 220 K.? The proposed source is based on earlier established proof of deuteron acceleration and neutron generation in the crystalline lattice of ferroelectrics during their transition to spontaneously polarized state (polarization reversal). In order to obtain neutron yield for practical application, the proposed solution foresees a separate DKDP crystals serving as cathode and anode and undergo to simultaneous ferroelectric phase transition in low-pressure deuterium atmosphere. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGgenerationc.pdf | ||||
| 2451 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G. | 2006 | Edge plasma effects in ITER-type TOKAMAK caused by an enhancement of DD/DT reaction in metals at high currentlow energy deuteron bombardment | 7th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium loaded Metals | iscmns.org | Asti, Italy | Edge plasma effects in ITER-type TOKAMAK caused by an enhancement of DD/DT reaction in metals at high currentlow energy deuteron bombardment | theory | LENR effects could also affect the processes at the first wall and divertor of TOKAMAK. Now LENR are not taken into account as a possible source of radiation damage in thermonuclear reactors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGedgeplasma.pdf | ||||
| 2452 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Saunin, E. I. | 2007 | Analysis of #2 Winthrop Williams' CR-39 detector after SPAWAR/Galileo type electrolysis experiment | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Analysis of #2 Winthrop Williams' CR-39 detector after SPAWAR/Galileo type electrolysis experiment | cr-39, particle emission | The experimental goal of this work was to search for reality of nuclear tracks in SPAWAR/Galileo type experiment described by W. Williams in his APS March 2007 Meeting presentation: 'Search for Charged Particle Tracks Using CR-39 Detectors to Replicate the SPAWAR Pd/D External Field Co-Deposition Protocol'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=172 | |||||
| 2453 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Saunin, E. I., Tanzella, F. L., Earle, B., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2007 | Analysis of the CR-39 detectors from SRI's SPAWAR/Galileo type electrolysis experiments #7 and #5. Signature of possible neutron emission | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Analysis of the CR-39 detectors from SRI's SPAWAR/Galileo type electrolysis experiments #7 and #5. Signature of possible neutron emission | cr-39, particle emission | During April - October , 2007 we carried out detailed analysis of two Landauer CR-39 detectors (exposed to the cathode wire during SRI's #BE013-7 (#7) and SRI BE010-5 (#5) Pd deposition experiments. The entire data set obtained from the analysis of the #7 CR-39 detector, including 1) track reading within three removed depths (8.7, 18 and 27 ?m), 2) comparison of Foreground #7 track densities and distributions of their diameters with similar parameters of the Background, 3) the neutron calibration, as well as 4) the CR-39 efficiency estimate with respect to Cf-252 neutrons, present preliminary evidence for fast neutron emission. The neutron energy is estimated to be in the range of En ~ 2.2 - 2.5 MeV with a rate of In ~ 1-3 n/s accounting for the 4 solid angle. The data obtained from the analysis of detector #5 allow us to conclude that a weak neutron emission from the cathode took place during electrolysis, in addition to some mechanical and electric discharge damage to the front face of the detector. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=191 | |||||
| 2454 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Chernov, I. P. | 2008 | Status of Russian research on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in non-equilibrium condensed matter, based on publications in peer-reviewed journals | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Status of Russian research on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in non-equilibrium condensed matter, based on publications in peer-reviewed journals | History | |||||||
| 2455 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Chernov, I. P., Roussetski, A. S., Lyakhov, B. F., Chardantsev, Y., Saunin, E. I., Melich, M. E. | 2008 | Charged Particle Emissions Upon Electron Beam Excitation of Deuterium Subsystem in the Pd and Ti- Deuteride Targets | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Charged Particle Emissions Upon Electron Beam Excitation of Deuterium Subsystem in the Pd and Ti- Deuteride Targets | Charged particle | Energetic charged particle emissions accompanying deuterium desorption from specially prepared Pd/PdO:Dx and TiDx targets in vacuum, stimulated by electron beam (J ~ 0.6 mA/cm^2, U = 30 keV) have been studied using a set of CR-39 plastic track detectors covered with various metal foil filters. It was found that the electron bombardment of those targets is caused by statistically significant emissions of DD-reaction product (3 MeV protons), as well as high energy alpha particles (11-20 MeV). At the same time the Pd/PdO:Dx and the TiDx samples show no sign of nuclear emissions during vacuum exposure without e-beam stimulation.? Extrapolation of both the | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGchargedpar.pdf | |||||
| 2456 | Book Section | Lipson, A. G., Chernov, I. P., Roussetski, A. S., Cherdantsev, Yu. P., Tsivadze, A., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I., Melich, M. E. | 2009 | Hot Deuteron Generation and Charged Particle Emissions on Excitation of Deuterium Subsystem in Metal Deuterides | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Hot Deuteron Generation and Charged Particle Emissions on Excitation of Deuterium Subsystem in Metal Deuterides | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch006 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch006 | ||||||
| 2457 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Chernov, I. P., Roussetski, A. S., Sokhoreva, V., Mironchik, V., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I., Melich, M. E. | 2009 | Surface Morphology of Metal Deuterides Upon e-Beam Excitation of Their Deuterium Subsystem (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Surface Morphology of Metal Deuterides Upon e-Beam Excitation of Their Deuterium Subsystem (PowerPoint slides) | materials, electrode surface morphology | Recent ab-initio theoretical study of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and metal deuterides indicate a new mechanism for deuteron acceleration, which along with possible large electron screening in the metal targets could potentially strongly enhance the yield of DD-reaction in metal deuterides at room temperature. In this research we continue our study with regards to the role of electromagnetic excitation of hydrogen subsystem in metal deuterides to enhance the yield of low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). To this aim we have carried out 5 series of experiments on charged particle detection using plastic track detectors CR-39, under in-vacuum electronbeam stimulation of various metal deuterides during spontaneous deuterium desorption (if any) from the deuterated samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGsurfacemor.pdf | ||||
| 2458 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Chernov, I. P., Roussetski, A. S., Tsivadze, A., Cherdantsev, Yu. P., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I., Melich, M. E. | 2009 | Charged Particle Emissions in Metal Deuterides Upon e-Beam Excitation of Their Deuterium Subsystem (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Charged Particle Emissions in Metal Deuterides Upon e-Beam Excitation of Their Deuterium Subsystem (PowerPoint slides) | Charged particle | Recent ab-initio study of hydrogen desorption from metal hydrides with a high hydrogen solubility [V.M., Silkin, I.P Chernov et. al, Phys. Rev., B 76, 245105 (2007)], showed that excitation of the hydrogen subsystem in those deuterides results in plasmon formation leading to generation of strong electric fields (F ~ 10E8V/cm) within at a lattice parameter scale (a ~ 0.3-0.4 nm). As a result, the mean energy of desorbed protons/deuterons (Ed) escaping from the hydride surface would effectively be increased from kT ~ 1/40 eV to several eV (Ed= F x a ~ 3-4 eV) or two orders of magnitude increase, effectively producing 'hot' deuterons | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGchargedpara.pdf | ||||
| 2459 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A. G., Roussetski, A. S., Tanzella, F. L., Saunin, E. I., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2009 | Evidence for Fast Neutron Emission During SRI's SPAWAR/Galileo-Type Electrolysis Experiments #7 and #5, Based on CR-39 Track Detector Record (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Evidence for Fast Neutron Emission During SRI's SPAWAR/Galileo-Type Electrolysis Experiments #7 and #5, Based on CR-39 Track Detector Record (PowerPoint slides) | Cr-39, particle emission | We have reported [1] the detailed analysis of the CR-39 detector (Landauer) from SRI's #BE013-7 (#7) Pd deposition experiment where the detector was separated from the cathode wire by a 6 ? Mylar? film during. The Mylar? protected the CR-39 surface from chemical, mechanical, and electrostatic (spark discharge) damage during electrolysis. We compared those results with that of the background detector (placed 2 m from the electrolytic cell) and with the blank CR-39 detector, installed as in #7, in an identically operated cell using light water. We also calibrated our CR-39 detectors using the proton recoil tracks from a Cf-252 neutron source and compared them with the foreground tracks. The readings were performed manually using the ??AVICOM? track reading facility in the Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. All detectors were cut from the same sheet. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LipsonAGevidencefob.pdf | ||||
| 2460 | Conference Proceedings | Lipson, A., Chernov, I. P., Sokhoreva, V., Mironchik, V., Roussetski, A. S., Tsivadze, A., Cherdantsev, Yu. P., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I., Melich, M. E. | 2009 | Charged Particle Emissions and Surface Morphology of Pd/PdO:Dx and TiDx Targets Under Electron Beam Excitation | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Charged Particle Emissions and Surface Morphology of Pd/PdO:Dx and TiDx Targets Under Electron Beam Excitation | We report charged particle emission from metal deuterides upon e-beam excitation of their surface. Detection and identification was made using CR-39 plastic track detectors with Cu and Al absorbers. Protons with primary energy 3 MeV and a-particles with energies Ea> 10 MeV are observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=4 | |||||
| 2461 | Journal Article | Lisowski, W., Nowicka, E., Wolfram, Z., Dus, R. | 1988 | Atomic H Desorption from Thin Palladium Hydride Films | Appl. Surf. Science, Vol = 31 | Atomic H Desorption from Thin Palladium Hydride Films | PdH, mass Spectrometer, desorption, loading | ||||||||
| 2462 | Conference Proceedings | Little, S., Luce, G., Little, M. | 2008 | MOAC - A High Accuracy Calorimeter for Cold Fusion Studies | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | MOAC - A High Accuracy Calorimeter for Cold Fusion Studies | Calorimetry heat | |||||||
| 2463 | Journal Article | Liu, F., Rao, B. K., Khanna, S. N., Jena, P. | 1989 | Nature of short range interaction between deuterium atoms in palladium | Solid State Commun., Vol = 72 | Nature of short range interaction between deuterium atoms in palladium | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 2464 | Journal Article | Liu, Z., Xie, K., Qi, S., Cao, J., Li, N., Yu, X., Lin, Z. | 1990 | Photoemission studies of Pd/D system with high deuterium content | Chin. Phys. Lett., Vol = 7 | Photoemission studies of Pd/D system with high deuterium content | photoemission, PdD, surface analysis, loading, structure | ||||||||
| 2465 | Journal Article | Liu, R., Wang, D., Chen, S., Li, Y., Fu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S. | 1994 | Measurement of neutron energy spectra from the gas discharge facility | Yuanzi Yu Fenzi Wuli Xuebao, Vol = 11, Num = 2, Page = 115 (in Chinese) | Measurement of neutron energy spectra from the gas discharge facility | ion bombardment, neutron | ||||||||
| 2466 | Conference Proceedings | Liu, C., Wang, G. Z., Mo, D. W., Li, X. Y., Li, X. Z. | 1996 | Preliminary study on tritium and elements transmutation in water under simulated aerospatial conditions | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Preliminary study on tritium and elements transmutation in water under simulated aerospatial conditions | Theory | A series of unexpected phenomena have been discovered under simulated aerospatial conditions. The tritium-rich water passed through the aerospatial condition. The Beta-radiation of tritium was measured before and after this process in terms of liquid scintillation counter. It was found that the radiation from tritium decreased every time it passed through this simulated system. the amount is about 20%. The trace elements analysis was made for distilled water before and after the same process. It was found also that the change of the trace elements, for example K from 0.0045ppm to 0. OOSppm. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=220 | |||
| 2467 | Journal Article | Liu, F. S. | 1996 | The phonon mechanism of the cold fusion | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 10 | The phonon mechanism of the cold fusion | Theory, phonons resonance, screening | ||||||||
| 2468 | Conference Proceedings | Liu, B., Li, X. Z., Yan, L., Ge, L. | 2003 | Triggering A Deuterium Flux In Pd Wire Using Electromagnetic Field | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Triggering A Deuterium Flux In Pd Wire Using Electromagnetic Field | loading, heat, magnetic field | An electromagnetic field is applied on a long-thin Pd wire to test the effect of an electrical potential on the loading of the deuterium gas into the palladium, which was proposed by Del Giudice, De Ninno and their group during ICCF-9. The preliminary experimental results showed that this electromagnetic field triggered not only the loading, but also the 'excess heat' because of the deuterium flux effect as proposed by Xing Z. Li and his group. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiuBtriggering.pdf | |||
| 2469 | Conference Proceedings | Liu, B., Li, X. Z., Wei, Q., Mueller, N., Schoch, P., Orhre, H. | 2005 | 'Excess Heat' Induced by Deuterium Flux in Palladium Film | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | 'Excess Heat' Induced by Deuterium Flux in Palladium Film | Excess heat, flux | ||||||
| 2470 | Conference Proceedings | Liu, B., Li, X. Z., Wei, Q., Zheng, S. | 2007 | 'Excess heat' in a Gas-Loading D/Pd System with Pumping inside Pd Tube | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | 'Excess heat' in a Gas-Loading D/Pd System with Pumping inside Pd Tube | gas loading, excess heat | New equipment was set up to confirm the 'excess heat' correlated with the deuterium flux permeating the thin wall of the palladium tubes. The experiment was designed to increase the excess heat and avoid any confusion caused by the reduction of the thermal conductivity of deuterium gas. This | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=213 | |||||
| 2471 | Journal Article | Liu, F-S., Hou, Y., Chen, W-F. | 2007 | Theory of Fusion During Acoustic Cavitation in C3D6O Liquid | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Theory of Fusion During Acoustic Cavitation in C3D6O Liquid | Acoustic cavitation, Fermi golden rule, Fusion, Green function, Phonon-deuteron interaction, Transition probability | This paper demonstrates that an exact calculation for transition probability of deuteron under the phonon-deuteron interaction leads to violation of Fermi golden rule. Considering the violation of Fermi golden rule, the zero-point oscillation, and the energy uncertainty relation, this paper demonstrates that the neutron emission during acoustic cavitation comes from D(entered)-D(entered) fusion in C3D6O liquid instead of in cavitation vapor bubbles. This paper gives some predictions. The most important prediction is that the water can be taken as energy source producing fusion instead of C3D6O liquid. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=148 | ||||||
| 2472 | Conference Proceedings | Liu, B., Tian, J., Ren, X. Z., Li, J., Wei, Q., Liang, C. L., Yu, J. Z., Li, X. Z. | 2009 | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers ---(I) Experimental Observation---- (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers ---(I) Experimental Observation---- (PowerPoint slides) | materials, permeation | Wave nature of deuterium flux permeating through the palladium thin film is revealed using nanometer coating layers. Three sets of experimental data[1,2,3] agree with wave in multiple-layer theory quantitatively or qualitatively. Other than granular particle diffusion model and surface catalyst model, the wave nature of deuterons inside the coating layers must be included in order to explain the experimental phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LiuBwavenature.pdf | ||||
| 2473 | Conference Proceedings | Liu, B., Tian, J., Ren, X. Z., Li, J., Wei, Q., Liang, C. L., Yu, J. Z., Li, X. Z. | 2009 | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through the Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers --- ( I ) Experimental Observation | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Wave Nature of Deuterium Flux Permeating through the Palladium Thin Film with Nanometer Coating Layers --- ( I ) Experimental Observation | Wave nature of deuterium flux permeating through the palladium thin film is revealed using nanometer coating layers. Three sets of experimental data [1,2,3] agree with wave in multiple-layer theory quantitatively or qualitatively. Other than granular particle diffusion model and surface catalyst model, the wave nature of deuterons inside the coating layers must be included in order to explain the experimental phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=162 | |||||
| 2474 | Journal Article | Liu, B., Dong, Z. M., Liang, C. L., Li, X. Z. | 2014 | Nuclear Transmutation on a Thin Pd Film in a Gas-Loading D/Pd System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 311-318 Nuclear Transmutation on a Thin Pd Film in a Gas-Loading D/Pd System | Deformation, Gas loading, Nuclear transmutation | This paper discusses the deformation and elemental distribution of different palladium film surfaces after loading and unloading many times deuterium gas in the system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=321 | ||||||
| 2475 | Journal Article | Lo, S. Y. | 1989 | Enhancement of nuclear fusion in a strongly coupled cold plasma | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 3, Num = 16, Page = 1207 | Enhancement of nuclear fusion in a strongly coupled cold plasma | theory, plasma screening | ||||||||
| 2476 | Journal Article | Lobanov, V. V., Zetkin, A. S., Kagan, G. E., Demin, V. E., Mil'man, I. I., Syurdo, A. I. | 1991 | Studies of neutron emission from TiFe alloy loaded with deuterium at room temperature | Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., Vol = 17, Num = 23, Page = 22 (in Russian) | Studies of neutron emission from TiFe alloy loaded with deuterium at room temperature | Ti-Fe, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 2477 | Conference Proceedings | Lochak, G., Urutskoev, L. | 2004 | Low-energy nuclear reactions and the leptonic monopole | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Low-energy nuclear reactions and the leptonic monopole | Our report surveys the experimental and theoretical studies carried out at the RECOM since 1998 and the theoretical studies of leptonic monopoles by Georges Lochak (Fondation Louis de Broglie). We will outline briefly all the results to give the overall picture of our research. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LochakGlowenergyn.pdf | ||||||
| 2478 | Journal Article | Loebich, Jr., D., Raub, C. J. | 1977 | Das Zustandsdiagramm Lithium-Palladium und die Magnetischen Eigenschaften der Li-Pd Legierungen | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 55 | Das Zustandsdiagramm Lithium-Palladium und die Magnetischen Eigenschaften der Li-Pd Legierungen | Pd-Li, Li, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 2479 | Journal Article | Lohr, L. L. | 1989 | Electronic structure of palladium clusters: implications for cold fusion | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 93 | Electronic structure of palladium clusters: implications for cold fusion | theory, Pd, D, distance | ||||||||
| 2480 | Journal Article | Lomax, A. | 2015 | Replicable cold fusion experiment: heat/helium ratio | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 574 Replicable cold fusion experiment: heat/helium ratio | |||||||||
| 2481 | Journal Article | Lomovskii, O. I., Eremin, A. F., Boldyrev, V. V. | 1989 | Isotope heat effect in reactions with libreration of hydrogen on palladium catalytic particles | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 309 | Isotope heat effect in reactions with libreration of hydrogen on palladium catalytic particles | chemical, heat, Pd | ||||||||
| 2482 | Conference Proceedings | Lonchampt, G., Bonnetain, L., Hieter, P. | 1996 | Reproduction of Fleischmann and Pons Experiments | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 113 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Reproduction of Fleischmann and Pons Experiments | heat+, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, replication, boiling Fleischmann, ICCF-6 | The objective of this work is to check the reliability of the initial Fleischmann and Pons calorimeter for studying cold fusion from ambient to boiling temperature. After describing our experimental set up, the assessment of excess heat from the enthalpy balance is discussed. We have observed deposits on the electrodes after electrolysis, which, in our opinion, have a determining role in the excess heat generation. We show raw data from three runs. It is concluded that this calorimeter is well adapted for such cold fusion investigation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LonchamptGreproducti.pdf | ||
| 2483 | Conference Proceedings | Lonchampt, G., Biberian, J. P., Bonnetain, L., Delepine, J. | 1998 | Excess Heat Measurement with Patterson Type Cells | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 206 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Excess Heat Measurement with Patterson Type Cells | H2O, Ni, electrolysis heat+, replication CETI, ICCF-7 | We have measured excess heat in a Patterson type cell doing electrolysis of light water in Li2SO4 with a cathode made of 0.6 mm nickel palladium beads and a platinum anode. The cell employed is similar to the CETI cell, the main difference being its increased diameter, allowing the use of more beads and a larger current with a relatively low current density. The experiment lasted 90 days. We show that a total excess energy of 800 kJ is produced, and cannot be explained by a chemical reaction. No nuclear ashes have been searched for at this stage. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LonchamptGexcessheat.pdf | ||
| 2484 | Conference Proceedings | Lonchampt, G., Biberian, J. P., Bonnetain, L., Delepine, J. | 1998 | Excess Heat Measurement with Pons and Fleischmann Type Cells | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 202 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Excess Heat Measurement with Pons and Fleischmann Type Cells | heat+, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, Pt cathode, Li2SO4, replication Fleischmann, ICCF-7 | In experiments similar to the original Pons and Fleischmann description, we have done runs with palladium and platinum cathodes up to boiling in LiOD and Li2SO4. We show that up to 29% excess heat is produced at boiling, in accordance with our previous work, and in qualitative agreement with data obtained by Pons and Fleischmann but with lower magnitude. In addition we show that after boiling when the electrolyte is neutralized with sulfuric acid, excess heat is systematically observed at low temperature, even with platinum cathodes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LonchamptGexcessheata.pdf | ||
| 2485 | Conference Proceedings | Long, H. Q., Sun, S. H., Liu, H. Q., Xie, R. S., Zhang, X.-W., Zhang, W.-S. | 1992 | Anomalous Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 447 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Anomalous Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems as discharge was produced in D2 between electrodes of various metals. Sputtering produced a layer of the metal on the glass container. This layer is proposed to be the source of the nuclear products. Significant neutron and gamma emissions were observed having a variety of energies. Very few 2.45 MeV neutrons were seen. No result was obtained when H2 or He were used. | Gas Discharge, neutron, gamma emission, D2 H2 ICCF-3 | Stable and high yield of neutron had been measured repeatedly in the glow discharge processs of the flowing rare deuterium gas in a Deuterium / Metal system consisted of Pt, Nb, W, Cu, Mo, Ag or Fe with D respectively. A layer of metal film which was deposited on the inner surface of glass reaction bulb in the glow discharge process and insulated from electrodes played key action on inducing anomalous effects repeatedly. Neutrons had been measured by activation detector (115In, 193Ir) and recoil proton neutron spectrometer; there was a continued spectrum in the energy range from 0.5 Mev to 11 MeV; The average neutron energy was 3.55MeV; different heights of peak appeared at (0. 5-1 .0) Mev, (3.0-3.5)Mev, (5.0 - 5.5)Mev, (8.0-8.5)Mev, (9.0--9.5)Mev and (10.0 - 10.5)Mev; but the neutrons of (2.0-2.5)Mev interesting to people appeared in a valley of the energy spectrum and their yield was only 7-8 % of the total yield of neutrons. The highest yield of neutron appeared in D / Pt system, the lowest appeared in D / Fe system . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=186 | ||
| 2486 | Conference Proceedings | Long, H. Q., Xie, R. S., Sun, S. H., Liu, H. Q., Gan, J. B., Chen, B. R., Zhang, X.-W., Zhang, W.-S. | 1992 | The Anomalous Nuclear Effects Inducing by the Dynamic Low Pressure Gas Discharge in a Deuterium/Palladium System | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 455 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The Anomalous Nuclear Effects Inducing by the Dynamic Low Pressure Gas Discharge in a Deuterium/Palladium System | Pd, D, Gas Discharge, neutron, x-ray, gamma emission, ICCF-3 | Neutron emission which average rate was 13-330 n/s and x-rays which average energy > eUmax were continuously detected from a gas discharge reaction ball, these neutrons were divided into two groups of 2 - 2.5 MeV and 2.5 - 7 MeV, and the emission of neutron was 100% reproducible. An AC discharge (5-20 kV, 50 Hz) was produced between Pd rods in low pressure D2 gas. Neutrons were produced having energies falling into two main groups, 2-2.5 and 2.5-7 MeV. Most were in the higher energy group. (Energy values found in this work were later found in error.) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=194 | ||
| 2487 | Conference Proceedings | Long, H., Yin, W., Zhang, X.-W., Wu, J., Zhang, W.-S., Tang, Z. H., Shen, Q., Zhou, Z., Qi, B., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Yang, Y. | 1993 | New Experimental Results of Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 24 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | New Experimental Results of Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Metal Systems | neutron, X-ray, Gas Discharge, Pt, Nb, Ta, WThx, W, Pd, Cu, Mo, Ag, Fe, D2, ion bombardment, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2488 | Journal Article | Longhurst, G. R., Dolan, T. J., Henriksen, G. L. | 1990 | An investigation of energy balances in palladium cathode electrolysis experiments | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | An investigation of energy balances in palladium cathode electrolysis experiments | Pd electrolysis D2O, heat- neutron, gamma emission, tritium- | ||||||||
| 2489 | Conference Proceedings | Lopez, E., Neuhauser, B., Ziemba, F., Jackson, J., Mapoles, E., McVittie, J., Powell, R. | 1990 | Search for Charged-Particle d-d Fusion Products in an Encapsulated Pd Thin Film | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 430 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Search for Charged-Particle d-d Fusion Products in an Encapsulated Pd Thin Film | particle emission, Pd, ion implantation, loading, gamma emission | ||||
| 2490 | Journal Article | Lopez Garcia, A. R., Vucetich, H., Bolzan, A. E., Arvia, A. J. | 1992 | Gamma-radiation detection limits for electrochemically induced deuterium cold-fusion rates | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 105 | Gamma-radiation detection limits for electrochemically induced deuterium cold-fusion rates | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 2491 | Journal Article | Lorenzini, E., Tartarini, P., Trentin, M. | 1990 | Cold fusion: status of the research | Tec. Ital., Vol = 55, Num = 1, Page = 1 (in Italian) | Cold fusion: status of the research | review | ||||||||
| 2492 | Journal Article | Louis, E., Moscardo, F., San-Fabian, E., Perez-Jorda, J. M. | 1990 | Calculation of hydrogen-hydrogen potential energies and fusion rates in palladium hydride (PdxH2) clusters (x=2,4) | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 42 | Calculation of hydrogen-hydrogen potential energies and fusion rates in palladium hydride (PdxH2) clusters (x=2,4) | theory, cluster phonon vibration, distance | ||||||||
| 2493 | Journal Article | Louthan, Jr, M. R., Caskey, Jr, G. R., Donovan, J. A., Rawl, Jr., D. E. | 1972 | Hydrogen Embrittlement of Metals | Mater. Sci. and Eng., Vol = 10 | Hydrogen Embrittlement of Metals | H, embrittlement, strength, Cu, Al, cracks | ||||||||
| 2494 | Journal Article | Lowther, J. E. | 1991 | Hot spots in palladium hydride and cold fusion | Suid-Afrik. Tydskr. Wetenskap, Vol = 87 | Hot spots in palladium hydride and cold fusion | theory, hot spots | ||||||||
| 2495 | Journal Article | Lpson, A. G., Kutsnetsov, V. A., Sakov, D. M., Deryagin, B. V. | 1992 | Yield of nuclear fusion products from absorption of elastic energy in deuterated metals | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Vol = 323, Num = 6, Page = 1097 (in Russian) | Yield of nuclear fusion products from absorption of elastic energy in deuterated metals | theory, local energy | ||||||||
| 2496 | Journal Article | Lu, R. | 1995 | X-ray emission and cold nuclear fusion in glow discharge process of a kind of gas | Trends Nucl. Phys., Vol = 12, Num = 1, Page = 44 (in Chinese) | X-ray emission and cold nuclear fusion in glow discharge process of a kind of gas | theory gas discharge, neutron, x-ray gamma emission | ||||||||
| 2497 | Conference Proceedings | Lu, R. | 1996 | Electron-ion bound state and its introducing of nuclear fusion and solar flare | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 519-523 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Electron-ion bound state and its introducing of nuclear fusion and solar flare | Theory | A strict description of quantum mechanics on electron-ion bound state three-bod)' system and two approximate solutions are given, which are (1) corresponding to monoenergetic X rays emission from p-e-p bound state with Ep = 12.5 keV, and (2) emission from nl_e_D+ bound state with ED = 25 keV, which also introduces a little D-D fusion to give out neutrons, protons, tritium, ~e, 4He. and Gamma rays. In this paper some experiments such as Ni-H, deuterium gas glow discharge, are explained. The energy about the excess heat is just a large quantity of X rays release from two electron-ion bound states mentioned above. and only (D+-e-D+) bound state can introduce nuclear fusion. The author further analyses a large quantity of the measurement of solar flare energy spectrum and points out that the solar flaring also contains the processes of emitting monoenergetic X rays of 12.5keV and 25keY and the latter introduces a little (D-D) fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=118 | |||
| 2498 | Conference Proceedings | Lu, R. | 1998 | Some Problems in Solar Physics and Astrophysics | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 455 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Some Problems in Solar Physics and Astrophysics | theory, ICCF-7 | The problem on solar flare mechanism is still open. On the basis of model of 'electron-ion bound state and its introducing of nuclear fusion' it is given that there are two kinds of X-ray emission processes in solar flares: soft X-ray emission with energy | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=455 | ||
| 2499 | Journal Article | Lu, R. | 1998 | Electron-ion bound state and it initiating a little nuclear fusion | High Power Laser Part. Beams, Vol = 10, Num = 2, Page = 315 (in Chinese) | Electron-ion bound state and it initiating a little nuclear fusion | Theory, three body, D3 | ||||||||
| 2500 | Conference Proceedings | Lu, R. | 2002 | A kind of new physical process and it role in solar physics amdastrophysics | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | A kind of new physical process and it role in solar physics amdastrophysics 4026 | ICCF-9, theory | |||||
| 2501 | Journal Article | Ludecki, C. M., Deublein, G., Huggins, R. A. | 1987 | Thermodynamic Characterization of Metal Hydrogen Systems by Assessment of Phase Diagrams and Electrochemical Measurements | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 12 | Thermodynamic Characterization of Metal Hydrogen Systems by Assessment of Phase Diagrams and Electrochemical Measurements | H, review, phase diagram, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 2502 | Journal Article | Lukosi, E., Prelas, M. A., Shim, J., Kasiwattanawut, H., Weaver, C., Mathai, C, Gangopadhyay, S. | 2014 | Diamond-based Radiation Sensor for LENR Experiments. Part 1: Sensor Development and Characterization | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 319-328 Diamond-based Radiation Sensor for LENR Experiments. Part 1: Sensor Development and Characterization | Charged particle spectroscopy, Diamond sensors, Low energy nuclear reactions | There have been many reports on charged particle and neutron production in LENR experiments but as of yet they have not been correlated in time with excess heat generation. Diamond sensors with palladium electrodes can be utilized to address this need. First results using a diamond sensor is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=329 | ||||||
| 2503 | Journal Article | Lukosi, E., Prelas, M. A., Shim, J., Kasiwattanawut, H., Weaver, C., Mathai, C, Gangopadhyay, S., Preece, K. | 2014 | Diamond-based Radiation Sensor for LENR Experiments. Part 2: Experimental Analysis of Deuterium-loaded Palladium | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 329-336 Diamond-based Radiation Sensor for LENR Experiments. Part 2: Experimental Analysis of Deuterium-loaded Palladium | Charged particle spectroscopy, Diamond sensors, Low energy nuclear reactions | The purpose of this paper is to report on the continued work on utilizing a palladium electrode on a diamond sensor in a pressurized hydrogen or deuterium environment to investigate the release of radiation during low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). In this investigation we conducted a long hydrogen exposure to see if palladium electrode delamination occurred due to chemical reactions and it was found that after seven days the electrode did not delaminate. A pressurized deuterium run was conducted immediately following the hydrogen exposure on the same sensor and some interesting count burst data was observed. Further analysis is required to determine what the observed effect could be attributed to. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=339 | ||||||
| 2504 | Conference Proceedings | Luo, N., Castano, C. H., Kim, S-O., Lipson, A. G., Woo, T., Miley, G. H. | 2002 | In-Situ Charactorization of Sputtered Pd Thin-Films Undergoing Electrolysis | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | In-Situ Charactorization of Sputtered Pd Thin-Films Undergoing Electrolysis | electrolysis, heat | In-situ measurements on the resistance and temperature variations of Pd thin films are carried out during electrolysis. The measurement is made possible by covering parts of the Pd films with a protective layer of thermal and electric insulators. Electrical contacts are made by using either silver epoxy or indium soldering. The resistance-loading curve deviates somewhat from the typical curve for a bulk Pd/H(D) system. The initial resistance increase shows a much faster hydrogen diffusion rate along the film axis than that observed in bulk systems. The characteristic resistance-loading curve is explained by the electronic band structures of Pd loaded with different H(D) fractions. An excess heat of 30% during the electrolysis process was detected using an open? calorimeter and a novel circuit switching methodology. The corresponding excess power density reaches 100 W/cm^3. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LuoNinsituchar.pdf | ||||
| 2505 | Conference Proceedings | Luo, N., Miley, G. H., Lipson, A. G. | 2002 | Modeling of Surface and Bulk Effects in Thin-Film Pd Cathodes and High Proton Loading | AVS, ICMSC Conference | Cleveland, Ohio | Modeling of Surface and Bulk Effects in Thin-Film Pd Cathodes and High Proton Loading | Hydride, Electronic structure, Charge state, Density functional theory | Electronic structure modeling is carried out for bulk PdH system with implications for some surface effects. The calculation is performed under the frame work of density functional theory. The results provide new insight into the charge state of H inside Pd. The H is slightly negatively charged over the composition range studied in this paper, and the negative charge around the proton increases with an increasing loading in hydrogen. By studying the behavior of H at the 'bridging' site, which is also important to surface configuration, this paper helps explain why the effective charge observed in H drift experiments is different from the static charge state. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LuoNmodelingof.pdf | |||||
| 2506 | Conference Proceedings | Luo, N., Miley, G. H. | 2003 | First-Principles Studies Of Ionic And Electronic Transport In Palladium Hydride | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | First-Principles Studies Of Ionic And Electronic Transport In Palladium Hydride | loading, lattice | The transport properties of palladium hydride/deuteride are investigated using state-of-the-art density functional computational tools. This aspect of loaded hydride is important in that the resistance-loading curve is often used as a diagnostic in experiments to estimate the loading ratio. Understanding transport provides other important insights into some features of the nuclear reaction mechanism. This research involves both ionic and electronic degrees of freedom. For the ionic part, the focus is on the charge state of hydrogen/deuteron, in both a static and a dynamic (hopping) situation. Experiments show that hydrogen hops as fractional-charged positive ion in Pd lattice [1,2] while previous band structure calculations [3-5] always gave a negatively charged H in the ground state. This discrepancy is addressed in the current research and some results are already published [6]. The collective motion of ions is studied in the phonon structure and electron-phonon coupling constant using a perturbation density functional theory. The electronic part focuses on the density of state and the Fermi surface, which when combined with the electron-phonon coupling constant, determine the temperature and the H/D loading dependant resistivity curves. Our numerical results [7] qualitatively match experimental trends. The possible connections between this transport theory/mechanism and the non-equilibrium conditions required for excess heat are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LuoNfirstprinc.pdf | |||
| 2507 | Conference Proceedings | Luo, N., Shrestha, P., Miley, G. H., Violante, V. | 2003 | Enhancement Of Nuclear Reactions Due To Screening Effects Of Core Electrons | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Enhancement Of Nuclear Reactions Due To Screening Effects Of Core Electrons | theory | Recent progress in understanding the screening effects of core level atomic electrons is summarized in this paper. Some preliminary results on core electron screening were reported before [1]. The studies focus on two types of nuclear reactions in some metal lattices: fusion between deuterons and also proton capture by medium and heavy lattice nuclei. In both reactions the energy of the light nuclear species, proton or deuteron, is on the KeV (1000 electron volts) scale, while that of heavy nuclei is essentially zero. A standard atomic code is used to obtain the core electron charge density and the potential profile in the metal atom. This Hartree-Fock-Slater type code was originally written by Herman and Skillman and later modified by others and available online. For the D-D reaction, the charge density obtained then gives an estimate on the screening length. The corresponding enhancement in Coulomb barrier tunneling can be obtained from this data.? For the proton capture reaction, an ion dynamic code written to simulate the motion of KeV protons in Pd/Ni lattice, CLAIRE, was modified to take into account the realistic atomic potential, including core electron contributions. In both cases, our result shows a significant nuclear reaction enhancement. The reaction rate calculated roughly matches the scale of excess heat observed in some metal hydride/deuteride experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/LuoNenhancemen.pdf | |||
| 2508 | Journal Article | Luo, N., Miley, G. H. | 2012 | First-principles Studies of Electronic and Ionic Transport in Palladium Hydrides/Deuterides | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | First-principles Studies of Electronic and Ionic Transport in Palladium Hydrides/Deuterides | Electro-negativity, Electron-phonon interaction, Low-energy nuclear reaction, Palladium-hydride system | We review first principles studies on some transport properties and ion dynamics of the palladium hydride/deuteride system. The review is not meant to extensive, because it is aimed at understanding the abnormal and not-so-well-known part of the transport in the aforementioned compound that may be of particular importance to scientists studying Low-energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) as well as persons interested in hydrogen storage in metal hydrides. Many well-known properties of Pd/H, such as the steady-state electronic structure, have already been covered by numerous studies and reviews elsewhere. Many of the studies reviewed here were carried out at the University of Illinois. We focus on the three different but related topics: (1) The charge state of H in Pd, especially in the hopping process. (2) The electron-phonon interaction, and its role in the negative differential resistivity. (3) Defects and dislocations in Pd and their effects in the H state and its transport. The latter is of intellectual interest relative to our recent research on LENRs involving the conjectured formation of hydrogen/deuterium clusters in such defects. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=250 | ||||||
| 2509 | Journal Article | Lyakhov, B. F., Lipson, A. G., Sakov, D. M., Yavich, A. A. | 1993 | Anomalous heat release in the Pd/PdO system electrolytically saturated with hydrogen | Russ. J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 67 | Anomalous heat release in the Pd/PdO system electrolytically saturated with hydrogen | loading, critique, electrolysis, heat | ||||||||
| 2510 | Journal Article | Lynch, J. F., Clewley, J. D., Flanagan, T. B. | 1973 | The Formation of Voids in Palladium Metal by the Introduction and Removal of Interstital Hydrogen | Philos. Mag. A, Vol = 28 | The Formation of Voids in Palladium Metal by the Introduction and Removal of Interstital Hydrogen | Pd, H, solubility, Excess Volume, cracks | ||||||||
| 2511 | Journal Article | Lynch, J. F., Flanagan, T. B. | 1973 | An investigation of the dynamic equilibrium between chemisorbed and absorbed hydrogen in the palladium/hydrogen system | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 77 | An investigation of the dynamic equilibrium between chemisorbed and absorbed hydrogen in the palladium/hydrogen system | Pd, H, absorption, loading, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 2512 | Journal Article | Lynch, D. L., Rick, S. W., Gomez, M. A., Spath, B. W., Doll, J. D., Pratt, L. R. | 1992 | Spectroscopic studies of surface and subsurface hydrogen/metal systems | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 97, Num = 7, Page = 5177 | Spectroscopic studies of surface and subsurface hydrogen/metal systems | Pd, Ni, H, surface | ||||||||
| 2513 | Journal Article | Ma, Y. L., Yang, H. X., Dai, X. X. | 1992 | A theoretical study of the possibility of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | Nucl. Fusion Plasma Phys., Vol = 12 | A theoretical study of the possibility of cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | theory, screening | ||||||||
| 2514 | Conference Proceedings | Ma, Q., Chen, Y., Huang, G., Yu, W., Mo, D. W., Li, X. Z. | 1993 | The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 7 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube | neutron, Gas Discharge, Pd, critique, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2515 | Conference Proceedings | Ma, Q., Chen, Y., Huang, G., Yu, W., Mo, D., Li, X. Z. | 1993 | The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube | ICCF4, Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3? | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | The Analysis of the Neutron Emission from the Glow Discharge in Deuterium Gas Tube | neutron, Gas Discharge, Pd, critique | ||||||
| 2516 | Journal Article | Ma, Y. L., Yang, H. X., Dai, X. X. | 1993 | Nuclear-fusion enhancement in condensed matter with impacting and screening | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 24 | Nuclear-fusion enhancement in condensed matter with impacting and screening | theory | ||||||||
| 2517 | Journal Article | Macy, M. | 2009 | ICCCF15 in Rome, Italy | Infinite Energy | ICCCF15 in Rome, Italy | review | The Fifteenth International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ICCF15) took place in Italy on October 5-9, 2009 at Angelicum University. Angelicum resides in the heart of Rome just behind Trajan's Markets, at the opposite end to the Colosseum and between the Roman Forums -- the central area around which the ancient Roman civilization developed -- and the Quirinale Palace, the official residence of the President of the Italian Republic. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MacyMicccfinrom.pdf | ||||||
| 2518 | Report | Macy, M. | 2011 | Specifics of Andrea Rossi's 'Energy Catalyzer' Test, University of Bologna, January 14, 2011 | Infinite Energy | LENR-CANR.org | Specifics of Andrea Rossi's 'Energy Catalyzer' Test, University of Bologna, January 14, 2011 | heat | On January 14, 2011, Andrea Rossi submitted his 'Energy Catalyzer' reactor, which burns hydrogen in a nickel catalyst, for examination by scientists at the University of? Bologna and The INFN (National Institute of Nuclear Physics). The test was organized by Dr. Giuseppe Levi of INFN and the University of Bologna and was assisted by other members of the physics and chemistry faculties. This result was achieved without the production of any measurable nuclear radiation. The magnitude of this result suggests that there is a viable energy technology that uses commonly available materials, that does not produce carbon dioxide, and that does not produce radioactive waste and will be economical to build. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MacyMspecificso.pdf | |||||
| 2519 | Journal Article | Macy, M. | 2011 | Defkalion Press Conference in Athens Introduces Rossi Energy Catalyzer | Infinite Energy | Defkalion Press Conference in Athens Introduces Rossi Energy Catalyzer | History | Defkalion Green Technologies held a press conference and went online with a new website (http://www.defkalion-energy.com) to formally introduce themselves as the Greek, Balkan and worldwide representatives of Andrea Rossi's Energy Catalyzer (E-Cat), which they plan to market as Hyperion. Ampenergo is the North and South American representative. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MacyMdefkalionp.pdf | ||||||
| 2520 | Journal Article | Maddox, J. | 1989 | End of Cold Fusion in Sight | Nature (London), Vol = 340 | End of Cold Fusion in Sight | history | ||||||||
| 2521 | Journal Article | Maddox, J. | 1990 | Farewell (not fond) to cold fusion | Nature (London), Vol = 344, Num = 6265, Page = 365 | Farewell (not fond) to cold fusion | review | This paper is available from: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v344/n6265/pdf/344365a0.pdf A copy is also available here: http://newenergytimes.com/v2/inthenews/1990/Nature-Farewell.shtml These links along with some selected quotes from the paper are included in the version here. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MaddoxJfarewellno.pdf | ||||||
| 2522 | Journal Article | Maeland, A. J., Gibb, T. R. P. | 1961 | X-Ray Diffraction Observations of The Pd-H system Through the Critical Region | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 65 | X-Ray Diffraction Observations of The Pd-H system Through the Critical Region | Pd, H, Lattice Parameter, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 2523 | Journal Article | Magnouche, A., Fromageau, R. | 1984 | Hydrogen Dissolution in Palladium: A Resistometric Study Under Pressure | J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 56 | Hydrogen Dissolution in Palladium: A Resistometric Study Under Pressure | Pd, H, solubility, Phase Diagram, resistivity | ||||||||
| 2524 | Journal Article | Maizza, G., Nakamura, K., Fujitsuka, M., Kitajima, M. | 1992 | Study on deuterium absorption of Pd at high-pressure D2 gas and low temperatures | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 14D | Study on deuterium absorption of Pd at high-pressure D2 gas and low temperatures | loading, pressure, Ti, Pd, resistivity, diffusion | ||||||||
| 2525 | Journal Article | Malakoff, D. | 1999 | DOE to Review Nuclear Grant | Science, Vol = 285 | DOE to Review Nuclear Grant | history | ||||||||
| 2526 | Report | Malhotra, S. K., Krishnan, M. S., Sadhukhan, H. K. | 1989 | Material Balance of Tritium in Electrolysis of Heavy Water | Science, Vol = 285 | Material Balance of Tritium in Electrolysis of Heavy Water | D2O, separation, tritium, D | ||||||||
| 2527 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1989 | MIT Urgent Media Advisory | Science, Vol = 285 | MIT Urgent Media Advisory | history | ||||||||
| 2528 | Book | Mallove, E. | 1991 | Fire From Ice | Science, Vol = 285 | John Wiley | NY | Fire From Ice | history, book | Here is the Preface and Prologue to the book Fire From Ice: Searching for the Truth Behind the Cold Fusion Furor by Eugene F. Mallove, a reprint of 1991 Edition, 338 pp., Paperback. It is available from Infinite Energy Press, P.O. box 2816, Concord, NH 03302-2816, www.infinite-energy.com | 0-471-53139-1 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEfirefromic.pdf | ||||
| 2529 | Personal Communication | Mallove, E. | 1991 | Classic Nasty, Incompetent, and Stupid Statements About Cold Fusion | Science, Vol = 285 | Classic Nasty, Incompetent, and Stupid Statements About Cold Fusion | History | Compiled from the Bad Mouthings of the Ignorant, Misinformed, and Arrogant Circa 1989 - 1991 A Public Service by Dr. Eugene F. Mallove (Compiled from Fire from Ice and other sources.) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEclassicnas.pdf | ||||||
| 2530 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1994 | Cold Fusion: Still a Hot Topic? | Phys. Today, Vol = March | Cold Fusion: Still a Hot Topic? | history | Letter to Physics Today, with a response by Williams. Letter begins: David Williams's review of John R. Huizenga's unrepentantly negative book Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century (January 1993, page 73) contains disturbing and false assertions. Williams says, 'now investigations on so-called cold fusion are confined to only a few laboratories,' a claim that is entirely without foundation . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 2531 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1995 | Excess heat in cavitation devices: World-wide testing reports | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 16 | Excess heat in cavitation devices: World-wide testing reports | heat-, cavitation, untrasonic replication, Potapov | ||||||||
| 2532 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1995 | Alchemy Nightmare: Skeptic Finds Heavy Element Transmutation Cold Fusion Experiment! | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 30 | Alchemy Nightmare: Skeptic Finds Heavy Element Transmutation Cold Fusion Experiment! | transmutation | At ICCF5 in April, EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute) cold fusion program director Dr. Tom Passell gave an overview of the cold fusion field. The biggest news from his talk, however, was the first public revelation of the results of the EPRI-funded work of physicist Dr. Kevin Wolf at Texas A&M University. This research occurred back in 1992, but others, including Dr. Wolf have since tried to keep these results from surfacing. Why? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEalchemynig.pdf | ||||||
| 2533 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1997 | Carl Sagan and Cold Fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 13,14, Num = 3 | 86 Carl Sagan and Cold Fusion history | history | Astronomer and science popularizer Dr. Carl Sagan, who lost his battle against a virulent disease this year, could have been a major force for truth about cold fusion research. Unfortunately, despite my sending him scientific articles on cold fusion since 1991, plus Infinite Energy Magazine since its inception, Carl chose to remain undecided. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEcarlsagana.pdf | ||||||
| 2534 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1998 | Reproducible Catalytic Fusion Process Announced by Dr. Les Case | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 19 | 32 Reproducible Catalytic Fusion Process Announced by Dr. Les Case | gas loading, heat+, catalytic, Case, replication | Dr. Leslie C. Case, an experienced chemical engineer with four degrees from MIT, surprised all of us at ICCF-7 by revealing his process of gasphase 'catalytic fusion,' which he has developed over the past six years or so. He was inspired by the 1992 work at NTT labs by E. Yamaguchi --helium production and excess heat evolution from Pd in gas-phase cold fusion. (Ironically, Yamaguchi at ICCF-7 was less sanguine about the implications of his own work that can reproducibly generates excess heat from deuterium gas loading of thin-film palladium foil 'sandwiches.' Yamaguchi is no longer of the opinion that his excess energy is a nuclear effect, but this conclusion may not be correct.) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEreproducib.pdf | ||||||
| 2535 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1999 | Progress in catalytic fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 23, Page = 9 | Progress in catalytic fusion | Case, heat history | To the delight of many at the Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF-7) in Vancouver, BC last April, a new approach to cold fusion emerged. Dr. Les Case, an experienced chemical engineer with four degrees from MIT, announced what he is calling 'catalytic fusion' -- to distinguish it somewhat from the original electrochemical approach. He had concluded that the electrochemical method of Fleischmann and Pons was going to continue to be limited by materials issues -- palladium cracking, composition, etc. -- and the inherent difficulties of working with electrochemical systems. Furthermore, he wanted to achieve the higher temperatures that are allowed by gas-phase systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEprogressin.pdf | ||||||
| 2536 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1999 | MIT Special Report | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 24, Page = 64 | MIT Special Report | history | MIT has played an extraordinary role in the history of cold fusion. By acts of commission and omission it continues to do so. On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the startling announcement by Drs. Fleischmann and Pons on March 23, 1989, it is imperative that Infinite Energy explore the major role of MIT in shaping the history of the investigation of cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEmitspecial.pdf | ||||||
| 2537 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 1999 | CSICOP: 'Science Cops' at War with Cold Fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 23, Page = 54 | CSICOP: 'Science Cops' at War with Cold Fusion history | history | The collective wisdom of the so-called Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP) is that cold fusion --and any other claim about an anomalous energy source not taught in the sacred halls of academe'is scientific heresy worthy of mockery and rebuke. That is the message, by commission and omission, that is conveyed in CSICOP's ritualistic debunking of cold fusion and related low-energy transmutation discoveries. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEcsicopscie.pdf | ||||||
| 2538 | Journal Article | Mallove, E., Rothwell, J. | 1999 | The pseudoscientists of APS | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 25, Page = 23 | The pseudoscientists of APS | history | Not all attendees at the American Physical Society's Centennial Meeting, held March 20-26 in Atlanta, Georgia, were scientists in the true sense of that word. Many of them were pseudoscientists, as their behavior proved. Some 1,000 physicists, including, we are informed, President Clinton's Science advisor, were present as three pseudoscientists took turns mocking cold fusion at a session dubbed, 'Science, Junk Science, and Pseudoscience,' Monday afternoon, March 22. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEthepseudos.pdf | ||||||
| 2539 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 2000 | The strange birth of the water fuel age: The cold fusion 'miracle' was no mistake | Infinite Energy | The strange birth of the water fuel age: The cold fusion 'miracle' was no mistake | review, history | ||||||||
| 2540 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 2000 | The triumph of alchemy: Professor John Bockris and the transmutation crisis at Texas A&M | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 32, Page = 9 | The triumph of alchemy: Professor John Bockris and the transmutation crisis at Texas A&M | history | Distinguished Professor of Chemistry at Texas A&M University, John O??. Bockris, is one of the top two or three electrochemists of the twentieth century. He must be counted as a lineal intellectual descendant of one of the greatest scientists of all time, Michael Faraday, who was of humble birth but became a towering figure of nineteenth century science. Like Bockris, Faraday was raised in England and came to love many facets of science. In addition to his fundamental discoveries in electromagnetism, Faraday had much to do with the birth of electrochemistry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEthetriumph.pdf | ||||||
| 2541 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 2000 | Book Review: Biological Transmutations (Kervran) | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 34, Page = 56 | Book Review: Biological Transmutations (Kervran) review | review | Reading this translation and compilation of a number of Prof. Louis Kervran's pre-1970 works is very disturbing, producing the disorientation that accompanies a possible deep paradigm shift in science. Kervran (1901-1983), a medical scientist and engineer with a high official position in the French research and occupational health community, had a life-long interest in the possibility of biological transmutations. His curiosity apparently began in his youth when he watched the hens pecking at specks of mica in the farmyard. His later professional observations concerned (in one small part) the anomalous reappearance of robust calcium-bearing eggshells in calcium-deprived chickens that had been administered dietary mica (a potassium-rich mineral). Over a century earlier (in 1799), French chemist Louis Nicolas Vauquelin had noted this. The Kervran bio-transmutation story and its background is summarized eloquently in 'Alchemists in the Garden,' a chapter of the best-selling book The Secret Life of Plants by Peter Tompkins and the late Christopher Bird. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEbookreview.pdf | ||||||
| 2542 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 2001 | Ethics in the Cold Fusion Controversy | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 35, Page = 4 | Ethics in the Cold Fusion Controversy Review | review, history | Long time Infinite Energy readers are aware that we have repeatedly and vigorously discussed ethical issues that attend the multifaceted cold fusion controversy, a battle within the scientific community that has been roiling and boiling since March 1989. Thus, we were happy to receive a copy of the academic journal Accountability in Research (Vol. 8, Nos. 1-2, 2000), in which eight essays assess, in the words of Editor-in-Chief Dr. Adil E. Shamoo, 'The Ethical Import of the Cold Fusion Controversy.' This material makes up 90% of this journal issue and is a worthwhile 162-page collection of comment and history. Unfortunately, the journal is not widely available except in specialized libraries. NOTE: All of the Accountability in Research papers were later added to the LENR-CANR.org library. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEethicsinth.pdf | ||||||
| 2543 | Conference Proceedings | Mallove, E. | 2003 | LENR and 'Cold Fusion' Excess Heat: Their Relation to Other Anomalous Microphysical Energy Experiments and Emerging New Energy Technologies | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | LENR and 'Cold Fusion' Excess Heat: Their Relation to Other Anomalous Microphysical Energy Experiments and Emerging New Energy Technologies | Theory | This paper is at: http://www.infinite-energy.com/resources/iccf10.html It begins: During the past 15 years, indisputable experimental evidence has built up for substantial excess heat (far beyond ordinary chemical energy) and low-energy nuclear reaction phenomena in specialized heavy hydrogen and ordinary hydrogen-containing systems.1 The primary theorists in the field that is properly designated Cold Fusion/LENR have generally assumed that the excess heat phenomena is commensurate with nuclear ash (such as helium), whether already identified or presumed to be present but not yet found. That was an excellent initial hypothesis. However, the commensurate nuclear ash hypothesis has not been proved, and appears to be approximately correct in only a few experiments. During this same period, compelling evidence? although not as broadly verified as data from cold fusion/LENR? has also emerged for other microphysical sources of energy that were previously unexpected by accepted physics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveElenrandcol.pdf | |||
| 2544 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 2004 | New Energy and Early Aeronautics: The Perils and Rewards of Visionaries | Infinite Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 54, Page = 51 | New Energy and Early Aeronautics: The Perils and Rewards of Visionaries | review, history | Last December the world celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Wright brothers' triumph: the first controlled flight of a heavier-than-air craft on December 17, 1903. In honor of that now well-recognized historic event, we are reprinting a reflection by Wilbur Wright himself, which appeared in the Aero Club of America Bulletin in April 1912. The great aviation pioneer was celebrating the work of the now (2004) and then (1912) little-known Louis Pierre Mouillard, whose 1881 book, Empire of the Air, apparently played a seminal role in the history that led to the Wrights' accomplishment. It is a fascinating story that offers lessons for the struggling New Energy community. Sad to say, the very next month, on May 30, 1912, Wilbur Wright died of typhoid fever. His brother, Orville, who had piloted the first flight, lived on to 1948. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEnewenergya.pdf | ||||||
| 2545 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 2004 | Intimations of Disaster: Glenn Seaborg, the Scientific Process, and the Origin of the 'Cold Fusion War' | Infinite Energy, Vol = 10, Num = 55, Page = 40 | Intimations of Disaster: Glenn Seaborg, the Scientific Process, and the Origin of the 'Cold Fusion War' history | history | Almost seven years ago in an issue of Infinite Energy (#15/16, July-November 1997), we discussed some of the material that follows. But in 2004, with the U.S. Department of Energy's impending review of the past fifteen years of evidence for low-energy nuclear reactions (a.k.a. 'cold fusion'), it is an appropriate time to review -- in a fresh light -- a most critical turning point in the saga of cold fusion. In an episode which occurred in the spring of 1989, we find the seeds of the disastrous DOE response to cold fusion. Upon further investigation, I later found that the false premises that gave rise to the 'Cold Fusion War' were evident as far back as 1964. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEintimation.pdf | ||||||
| 2546 | Journal Article | Mallove, E. | 2008 | Historic Perspective on ICCF1: Dr. Mallove's Commentary on the Conference | Infinite Energy, Vol = 14, Num = 80, Page = 18 | Historic Perspective on ICCF1: Dr. Mallove's Commentary on the Conference history | history | Infinite Energy founding editor, the late Dr. Eugene Mallove, attended the First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF1), unofficially representing the MIT News Office and also in part conducting research for his 'on again/off again' book contract from John Wiley & Sons (the publisher cancelled, then reinstated the contract for Fire from Ice: Searching for the Truth Behind the Cold Fusion Furor, which was ultimately released in May 1991). The conference ended on March 30; on April 1, Gene recorded notes to himself about the event. We present here excerpted portions of the transcript, which are testament to Gene's commitment to and excitement for the cold fusion field from the very start. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MalloveEhistoricpe.pdf | ||||||
| 2547 | Journal Article | Maly, J. A., Vavra, J. | 1993 | Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I | theory, Schroedinger equation | ||||||||
| 2548 | Journal Article | Maly, J. A., Vavra, J. | 1994 | Response to 'Comments on 'Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I'' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Response to 'Comments on 'Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I'' | critique, Rice | ||||||||
| 2549 | Journal Article | Maly, J. A., Vavra, J. | 1995 | Electron Transitions on Deep Dirac Levels II | Fusion Technol., Vol = 27 | Electron Transitions on Deep Dirac Levels II | theory | ||||||||
| 2550 | Journal Article | Maly, J. A., Vavra, J. | 1996 | Reply to 'Letter to the Editor' Fusion Technol. 27, 348 [1995]' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Reply to 'Letter to the Editor' Fusion Technol. 27, 348 [1995]' | theory, critique, Rice | ||||||||
| 2551 | Journal Article | Mamyrin, B. A., Khabarin, L. V., Yudenich, V. S. | 1978 | Anomalously High Isotope Ratio in Helium in Technical-Grade Metals and Semiconductors | Sov. Phys. Dokl., Vol = 23 | Anomalously High Isotope Ratio in Helium in Technical-Grade Metals and Semiconductors | helium abnormal isotope | ||||||||
| 2552 | Journal Article | Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Milli, E., Riccardi, L., Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Buffa, A. | 1994 | Anomalous effects during the interaction of subatmospheric D2(H2) with Pd from 900C to room temperature | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 107 A | Anomalous effects during the interaction of subatmospheric D2(H2) with Pd from 900C to room temperature | Pd, D2, neutron, CR-39, particle emission | ||||||||
| 2553 | Journal Article | Manduchi, C., Salviato, S., Ciricillo, C., Milli, E., Zannoni, G., Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M. | 1995 | Electric-field effects on the neutron emission from Pd deuteride samples | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 108 | Electric-field effects on the neutron emission from Pd deuteride samples | Pd, D2, neutron, electromigration, loading | ||||||||
| 2554 | Journal Article | Manuel, A. J., St Quinton, J. M. P. | 1963 | The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293??? | Proc. Royal Soc London, A, Vol = 273 | The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293??? | susceptibility, Pd, Pd-Rh | ||||||||
| 2555 | Journal Article | Manuel, A. J., St Quinton, J. M. P. | 1963 | The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293??K | Proc. Royal Soc London, A, Vol = 273 | The magnetic susceptibility of palladium and palladium-rhodium alloys from 1.85 to 293??K | susceptibility, Pd, Pd-Rh | ||||||||
| 2556 | Journal Article | Maoka, T., Enyo, M. | 1981 | Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium Electrode Polarized in Sulfuric Acid Solution Containing Surface Active Substances- I. The Cathodic Region | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 26, Num = 5, Page = 607 | Hydrogen Absorption by Palladium Electrode Polarized in Sulfuric Acid Solution Containing Surface Active Substances- I. The Cathodic Region | Pd, H2, overvoltage, resistance, pressure, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 2557 | Book | Marcus, H. L. | 1990 | AES Examination of CF Samples | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 26, Num = 5, Page = 607 | letter | Editor, Series AES Examination of CF Samples | surface analysis, tritium | |||||||
| 2558 | Journal Article | Marcus, M. | 1993 | Cold fusion research is alive and well - but not in the mass media | St. Louis Journalism Rev., Vol = 22, Num = 153, Page = 16 | Cold fusion research is alive and well - but not in the mass media | history | ||||||||
| 2559 | Journal Article | Marinelli, M., Morpurgo, G., Vitale, S., Olcese, G. L. | 1989 | Heat release from deuterated titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi5) on exposure to the air | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 102 | Heat release from deuterated titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi5) on exposure to the air | Ti-Fe, D2, x-ray, negative | ||||||||
| 2560 | Magazine Article | Marini, P., Di Stefano, V., Celani, F., Spallone, A. | 1999 | Protocollo innovativo per l' ipercaricamento di catodi di Palladio con Idrogeno messo a punto all'INFN di Frascati | 21mo Secolo | Protocollo innovativo per l' ipercaricamento di catodi di Palladio con Idrogeno messo a punto all'INFN di Frascati | Review | Review in Italian. L'articolo espone, in linguaggio non strettamente specialistico, i risultati pi? recenti di una parte dell??ttivit? sperimentale effettuata presso i Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MariniPprotocollo.pdf | ||||||
| 2561 | Journal Article | Marion, J. B., Levesque, R. J. A., Ludemann, C. A., Detenbeck, R. W. | 1960 | A Versatile, High Efficiency 4 pi Neutron Detector | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 8 | A Versatile, High Efficiency 4 pi Neutron Detector | neutron, method, apparatus | ||||||||
| 2562 | Conference Proceedings | Marmigi, A., Spallone, A., Celani, F., Marini, P., Stefano, V. | 2007 | Anomalous heat Generation by surface oxidized Pd wires in a hydrogen atmosphere | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Anomalous heat Generation by surface oxidized Pd wires in a hydrogen atmosphere | excess heat, thin wires | Thin Pd wires (diameter 50 micrometers) surface oxidized through joule heating have been loaded in a hydrogen (H2) atmosphere at pressures in the range 1 - 10 bar. The atomic ratio H/Pd reached in the experimental conditions has been evaluated through its relationship with the electrical resistivity of hydrogen-loaded Pd. It was found that the loading rate of the surface oxidized Pd wires is exceptionally higher than with the untreated ones (full loading in a few minutes as compared with several hours). It was also observed that surface treated wires with H/Pd = 0.75 do not lose hydrogen even when joule heated at temperatures up to about 150? in a Hydrogen atmosphere. When the wire temperature exceeds 150? (applied power about 12.4 W) anomalous heat generation (about 3.5 W) was detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=233 | |||||
| 2563 | Journal Article | Martin, S. E. | 1991 | Using expert sources in breaking science stories: A comparison of magazine types | Journalism Quarterly, Vol = 68 | Using expert sources in breaking science stories: A comparison of magazine types | history | ||||||||
| 2564 | Journal Article | Martynov, M. I., Mel'dianov, A. I., Chepovskii, A. M. | 1991 | Experiments on the detection of nuclear reaction products in deuterated metals | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Termoyader Sintez | Experiments on the detection of nuclear reaction products in deuterated metals | neutron, gamma emission, particle emission, electrolysis, ion bombardment, Titanium | ||||||||
| 2565 | Book Section | Marwan, J. | 2008 | Study of the Nanostructured Palladium Hydride System | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Study of the Nanostructured Palladium Hydride System | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch016 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch016 | ||||||
| 2566 | Edited Book | Marwan, J., Krivit, S. | 2008 | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | Oxford University Press | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | 9780841269668 | |||||||
| 2567 | Book Section | Marwan, J., Krivit, S. | 2008 | Acknowledgments | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Acknowledgments | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.pr001 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.pr001 | ||||||
| 2568 | Book Section | Marwan, J. | 2009 | Preface, Acknowledgments | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Preface, Acknowledgments | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.pr001 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.pr001 | ||||||
| 2569 | Edited Book | Marwan, J., Krivit, S. | 2009 | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook Volume 2 | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | Oxford University Press | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook Volume 2 | 978-0-8412-2454-4 | |||||||
| 2570 | Journal Article | Marwan, J., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Hagelstein, P. L., Miles, M. H., Swartz, M. R., Storms, Edmund, Iwamura, Y., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L. P. G. | 2010 | A new look at low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) research: a response to Shanahan | J. Environ. Monit., Vol = 12, Num = 9, Page = 1765-1770 | A new look at low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) research: a response to Shanahan | In his criticisms of the review article on LENR by Krivit and Marwan, Shanahan has raised a number of issues in the areas of calorimetry, heat after death, elemental transmutation, energetic particle detection using CR-39, and the temporal correlation between heat and helium-4. These issues are addressed by the researchers who conducted the original work discussed in the Krivit and Marwan (K&M) review paper. | 10.1039/C0EM00267D 1464-0325 10.1039/C0EM00267D http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MarwanJanewlookat.pdf | |||||||
| 2571 | Journal Article | Mas, F., Paniagua, J. C., Puy, J., Salvador, J., Vilaseca, E. | 1990 | Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 93 | Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | critique, Rosen, theory | ||||||||
| 2572 | Journal Article | Massaron, M., Lamperti, F. | 1990 | La fusione fredda (Cold fusion) | Tecnol. Chim., Vol = 10, Num = 4, Page = 98 (in Italian) | La fusione fredda (Cold fusion) | history | ||||||||
| 2573 | Conference Proceedings | Mastromatteo, U. | 1998 | Very Thin Nickel Layers Heated Over Curie Temperature Show High Temperature Spots in Hydrogen Loading Experiments | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 215 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Very Thin Nickel Layers Heated Over Curie Temperature Show High Temperature Spots in Hydrogen Loading Experiments | Ni, H2, gas, heat+, electrolysis, ICCF-7 | With the purpose to study the behaviour of thin Nickel layers in presence of hydrogen, a prototype microcell has been designed using a silicon chip of about 6 mm2 size. On one side of the chip it has been realised a structure including a low electrical resistance polysilicon heater (anode), a high Hydrogen content dielectric layer and a 0. 1 11m thick Nickel resistor (cathode). Several experiments using that cell prototype have pointed out that it is possible in certain conditions of temperature and electrical biasing, the activation into the metallic lattice of Hydrogen absorption able to modifY the electrical resistivity of the layer and also generating large fusion spots in the Nickel layer due to high and fast temperature rising. This high temperature is not explained by chemical exothermic reactions or by external power input instability. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=215 | ||
| 2574 | Conference Proceedings | Mastromatteo, U. | 2000 | An Energy Amplifier Device | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 81 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | An Energy Amplifier Device | method, layer, Ni, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2575 | Conference Proceedings | Mastromatteo, U., Aina, R. | 2009 | Investigation of Anomalous Densities of High-energy Alpha-Particles Tracks in CR-39 Detectors during Electrolysis of Heavy Water on Palladium Cathodes | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Investigation of Anomalous Densities of High-energy Alpha-Particles Tracks in CR-39 Detectors during Electrolysis of Heavy Water on Palladium Cathodes | Recently, several researchers claim the finding of anomalous alpha-particles generation during very simple electrolysis experiments with heavy water and palladium cathodes. The phenomenon seems to improve if deuterium formation on the cathode is associated with deposition of palladium nanostructures coming from chlorides of the same metal present in the electrolytic solution. Due to the relevance of the claims and considered the simplicity of the experimental apparatus, several tests have been performed in order to confirm the claimed results. The results of these tests will be the object of this scientific report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=20 | |||||
| 2576 | Journal Article | Mastromatteo, U., Bertele, A., Celani, F. | 2015 | Hydrogen Absorption and Excess Heat in a Constantan Wire with Nanostructured Surface | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 240 Hydrogen Absorption and Excess Heat in a Constantan Wire with Nanostructured Surface | Constantan, LASER, LENR, Palladium, Transmutations | To go beyond the important and encouraging results obtained in Pd? and Pd?? systems, overcoming the limitations related to the relative rareness of Pd, several tests were made using constantan wires with nanostructured surface in hydrogen atmosphere and temperatures up to 350 deg C. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=247 | ||||||
| 2577 | Journal Article | Mastromatteo, U. | 2016 | LENR Anomalies in Pd-H2 Systems Submitted to Laser Stimulation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | LENR Anomalies in Pd-H2 Systems Submitted to Laser Stimulation | Laser, LENR, Palladium, Transmutations | In a continuation of the research started in the late 1990s at the University of Lecce, and then repeated in 2004, recently in the second half of 2014 in the A.R.G.A.L. lab., it was decided to thoroughly investigate the LENR anomalies of Pd??2 system (in gaseous environment), having as reference the preparation techniques and surface analysis used in the microelectronics industry, to demonstrate convincingly that material contamination was not affecting the transmutation findings. As previously, the activation of the anomalies occurred during irradiation by low power lasers (633 nm, 1 mW, or 403 nm, 3 mW) on 250 nm thick palladium layers deposited by high vacuum e-beam evaporation on silicon oxide substrates, and with 30 nm of Cr as adhesion layer. In summary we did the following: in a stainless steel chamber filled with hydrogen, through a glass viewport, the sample surface was irradiated for two weeks and then accurately inspected in a SEM equipped with an EDX microprobe. A reference sample was also accurately analyzed before irradiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=181 | ||||||
| 2578 | Journal Article | Mastromatteo, U. | 2020 | Nuclear Signature in LENR Gas Loading Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 32 | Nuclear Signature in LENR Gas Loading Experiments | Keywords: Neutron burst, Nickel foam, Pd electroplating, Pd loading, Transmutations | Several types of experiments on LENR anomalies were performed at the ARGAL laboratory in Bareggio, in particular using thin films of palladium in H2 or D2 atmosphere at various pressures. The laboratory is equipped with instrumentation suitable for the detection of neutrons and gamma emission, with an He3 detector, and a multichannel detector with a 3-inch NaI crystal. All the experiments carried out have been monitored with these instruments, and in many cases we have found neutron emissions attributable to nuclear events inside the reactor. Some anomalous events were short-lived; others were prolonged for several minutes. Apart from one particular case, the events were modest. In any case, the evidence found shows once again the nuclear nature of the LENR phenomena, in the past highlighted by clear episodes of nuclear transmutations in similar conditions, where it was possible to analyze the material with the appropriate techniques at the end of the experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedze.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 2579 | Journal Article | Mathews, C. K., Periaswami, G., Srinivas, K. C., Gnanasekaran, T., Babu, S. R., Ramesh, C., Thiyagarajan, B. | 1989 | On the possibility of nuclear fusion by the electrolysis of heavy water | Indian J. Technol., Vol = 27 | On the possibility of nuclear fusion by the electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis, heat+, titanium, Pd, D2O, gamma emission, H2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 2580 | Journal Article | Mathews, S., Nagel, D. J., Minor, B., Pique, A. | 2015 | Surface Preparation of Materials for LENR: Femtosecond Laser Processing | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 268 Surface Preparation of Materials for LENR: Femtosecond Laser Processing | Femtosecond lasers, LENR, Low energy nuclear reactions, Surface modification | Because surfaces have been shown to be important for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), their preparation for experiments or energy generators is naturally of interest. We demonstrate that irradiation of Pd with pulses from a femtosecond laser produces surface topography with features on both micro- and nano-meter size scales. Micrographs of these features were analyzed to obtain the spatial frequencies for later correlation with production of excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=275 | ||||||
| 2581 | Conference Proceedings | Mathur, M. S., Johnston, H. L., Mirzai, A., McCkee, J. S. C., Smith, G. R., Durocher, J. J. G., Furutani, K., Mayer, J. K., Yeo, Y. H., Hnatiuk, H., King, S., Hempel, A., Sharma, K. S., Williams, G. | 1991 | Recent Modifications to the Manitoba Deuterium Implantation Accelerator and a Study of the Properties of the Online Neutron Monitor Detector | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 283 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Recent Modifications to the Manitoba Deuterium Implantation Accelerator and a Study of the Properties of the Online Neutron Monitor Detector | Pd, D2, ion implantation, method, ICCF-2 | Deuterium molecules have been implanted into Palladium, Titanium and Indium targets in recent experiments at Manitoba by means of the 60 keV, 100 muA D2+ 'Narodny' ion accelerator. Neutrons from D-D interactions involving beam particles with previously stopped D atoms were detected by a large plastic scintillator viewed by two Photomultiplier tubes. We describe recent modifications to the accelerator made to improve the quality of the implanting beam, and some of the properties of the neutron detector used. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=298 | ||
| 2582 | Journal Article | Matschele, T., Kirchheim, R. | 1987 | Hydrogen as a Probe for the Average Thickness of a Grain Boundary | Scr. Metall., Vol = 21 | Hydrogen as a Probe for the Average Thickness of a Grain Boundary | PdH, loading, grain Boundary, Phase Diagram | ||||||||
| 2583 | Journal Article | Matsuda, J. I., Matsumoto, T., Nagao, K. | 1990 | An attempt to detect (3)He from the cold nuclear fusion | J. Geochem., Vol = 24 | An attempt to detect (3)He from the cold nuclear fusion | electrolysis neutron, titanium, helium tritium, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 2584 | Conference Proceedings | Matsui, K. | 1993 | New Hydrogen Energy (NHE) Research Project in Japan | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | New Hydrogen Energy (NHE) Research Project in Japan | Japan, NHE, organization ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2585 | Conference Proceedings | Matsui, K., Asami, N., Sumi, M., Kamimura, H., Kubota, A., Shimada, R., Miyashita, S., Lipson, A. G., Tripodi, P., Watanabe, H. | 1998 | Excess Heat Measurement and Nuclear Detection Experiments in the NHE Program | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 220 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Excess Heat Measurement and Nuclear Detection Experiments in the NHE Program | heat, Pd, D2O, NHE, He, electrolysis, ICCF-7 | A research and development project, referred to as the 'New Hydrogen Energy' project, started in Japan in November 1 993 with the main goal of reproducing and verifying the existence of excess heat generation, and of nuclear products during electrolysis in Pd-LiOD systems. A new laboratory was set up in Sapporo with researchers and experts from Japanese leading private industries and research institutes in abroad. The four years project consisted of a national project supported by Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan and one by twenty Japanese private industries, was extended one year to Fiscal 1 997. About ten laboratories in Japanese universities were to support the experimental works in the NHE Laboratory and to conduct fundamental research to clarify the anomalous reaction mechanism by private funds. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=220 | ||
| 2586 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1989 | 'Nattoh' model for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | 'Nattoh' model for cold fusion | Nattoh, theory deuteron cluster | ||||||||
| 2587 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T. | 1990 | Tritium Production Rate | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 494 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Tritium Production Rate | Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, T/n, electrolysis | ||||
| 2588 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, T. | 1990 | Progress of NATTOH Model and New Particles Emitted During Cold Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 827 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Progress of NATTOH Model and New Particles Emitted During Cold Fusion | Theory Nattoh, iton new particle | ||||
| 2589 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1990 | Cold fusion observed with ordinary water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | May 1990 | Cold fusion observed with ordinary water | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, H2O | A cold fusion electrolysis experiment using ordinary water is described. A Ge(Li) detector is used to observe signals up to ~130 keV; these signals show the occurrence of fusion reactions in ordinary water. The mechanism for the emission of radiation is discussed by the Nattoh model. | http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/FST90-A29224 https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST90-A29224 | |||||
| 2590 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1990 | Observation of new particles emitted during cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Observation of new particles emitted during cold fusion | Nattoh, iton, film, electrolysis, Pd | To confirm the emission of the "iton" particles predicted by the Nattoh model, a coldfusion experiment based on elec- trolysis of heavy water has been performed. The tracks of several kinds of itons have been successfully recorded on nu- clear films. The formation and decay mechanisms of itons are included in the Nattoh model. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST90-A29308 | ||||||
| 2591 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1990 | Prediction of new particle emission on cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Prediction of new particle emission on cold fusion | iton, nattoh, theory new particle deuteron cluster | The energy distribution of cold fusion products is ana- lyzed based on the Nattoh model. A new hydrogen-catalyzed fusion reaction is proposed to occur in a metal. From the differences in the Q value and other parameters, a new particle, the "iton," is predicted to be emitted, with a rest mass 2 to 26 times that of an electron. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST90-A29258 | ||||||
| 2592 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T. | 1990 | Detection of neutrons in electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution by means of fission track method | Denki Kagaku, Vol = 58 | Detection of neutrons in electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution by means of fission track method | electrolysis, D2SO4, Pd, neutron | When the electrolysis of 0.5 M D2SO4-D20 solution was carried out using Pd, palladized Pd, or Pt as a cathode, the emission of neutrons was detected by means of the fission track method. The emission rate was in the same order of magnitude as the neutron flux in the background. | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/kogyobutsurikagaku/58/2/58_147/_pdf | ||||||
| 2593 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T. | 1990 | Detection of tritium in cathode materials after the electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution | Denki Kagaku, Vol = 58 | Detection of tritium in cathode materials after the electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O solution | electrolysis, D2SO4, tritium, Pd | ||||||||
| 2594 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1991 | Observation of Quad-Neutrons and Gravity Decay during Cold Fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | February 8, 1991 | Observation of quad-neutrons and gravity decay during cold fusion | quadneutron, film, iton | The Nattoh model predicts that neutron nuclei such as quad-neutrons are produced during cold fusion as a result of the emission of a new particle, the iton. Several quad-neutron decays have been successfully recorded on nuclear emulsions. Especially important, micro-explosions caused by gravity decay have been clearly observed. This indicates that gravitational energy as well as fusion energy may be available in cold fusion. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST91-A29350 https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1m346uqg3h-cURTamZ6_neLfyqLQUgwhV | |||||
| 2595 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1991 | Microscopic observations of palladium used for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Microscopic observations of palladium used for cold fusion | Pd, Nattoh, surface, analysis, H2O, D2O | The microscopic structures of palladium metals used for cold fusion experiments are examined. Tiny spot defects suggesting cold fusion have been observed in grain boundaries as the Nattoh model predicts. The relationship between these defects and a series of neutron bursts and an indirect loop of hydrogen chain reactions are discussed. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST91-A29399 | ||||||
| 2596 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T., Kurokawa, K. | 1991 | Observation of heavy elements produced during explosive cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Observation of heavy elements produced during explosive cold fusion | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, Helium surface analysis | Many-body fusion reactions may take place during cold fusion. Heavy elements are observed that might have been produced by such reactions during electrolysis of heavy wa-ter. Elements such as sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and zinc are observed inside grain-shaped defects in a palladium rod used in a cold fusion experiment. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST91-A29672 | ||||||
| 2597 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, O., Kimura, K., Saito, Y., Uyama, H., Yaita, T., Yamaguchi, A., Suenaga, O. | 1992 | Detection of Neutron and Tritium during Electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O Solution | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 495 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Detection of Neutron and Tritium during Electrolysis of D2SO4-D2O Solution | Pd, D2O, neutron+, tritium+, T/n, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | During the electrolysis of 0.5 M D2SO4-D2O solution using Pd as the cathode material and Pt as an anode material, the emission of neutron was detected by means of the fission track method and the production of tritium was investigated with a liquid scintillation method. The neutron emission rate was estimated to be comparable with the natural abundance of neutrons at the surface of the earth which was 2 neutrons cm^-2 s^-1 estimated by fission track method comparing with the neutron radiation from the 241Am-9Be neutron source. The tritium production rate was established to be 10^4 T atoms cm^-2 s^-1 in the Pd metal used as the cathode materials by the liquid scintillation method. The branching ratio (T/n) was established to be 10^4. Pd was electrolysed in acid solution and produced neutrons and tritium. A T/n ratio of 10^4 was reported | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=233 | ||
| 2598 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, T. | 1992 | Review for 'Nottoh' Model and Experimental Findings during Cold Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 613 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Review for 'Nottoh' Model and Experimental Findings during Cold Fusion | theory, Nottoh, iton, ICCF-3 | A review is described for the Nattoh model that provides the framework of the mechanisms of cold fusion. The model classifies the reactions into two categories: fundamental and associated reactions. The former involves the ?ydrogen-catalyzed? fusion reaction and the chain reactions of hydrogens. And extremely exciting physics are involved in the latter. Furthermore experimental findings are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=349 | ||
| 2599 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1992 | Interference Phenomena Observed During Cold Fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Interference phenomena, gravitational wave, anti-gravitational wave. | quadneutron, film, iton, anti-gravity, AG, Anti Gravity | The interference phenomena of waves observed during a cold fusion experiment are described. Nuclear emulsions have successfully recorded two different interference phenomena of waves from an electrolyzing cell. It is inferred that the waves might be gravitational and antigravitational waves, which can be expected to be radiated from gravity decays of quad-neutrons. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST92-A29740 | ||||||
| 2600 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1992 | Observation of gravity decays of multiple-neutron nuclei during cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Observation of gravity decays of multiple-neutron nuclei during cold fusion Later, Matsumoto conceded that it was not just simply 'quad neutrons' but many nuclei involved | iton Nattoh theory new particle | The Nattoh model predicted that multiple-neutron nuclei such as quad-neutrons can be produced during cold fusion, and the gravity decays of the quad-neutrons were recorded on nuclear emulsions. Several different traces that might be produced by the gravity decays of di-neutron and multiple-neutron nuclei have been successfully observed. The mechanisms of the production of multiple-neutron nuclei are also discussed. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST92-A30067 | ||||||
| 2601 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1992 | Searching for tiny black holes during cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Searching for tiny black holes during cold fusion | Nattoh, iton, film, black hole | A previous technical note suggests that cold fusion is a small-scale simulation of events that occur in cold stars far-away in the universe. Therefore, it is expected that tiny black holes might be produced during cold fusion. A search for tiny black holes whose traces might have been recorded on nuclear emulsions is described. Several traces suggesting the produc-tion and evaporation of tiny black holes have been successfully observed | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST92-A30111 | ||||||
| 2602 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1992 | Observation of stars produced during cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Observation of stars produced during cold fusion | film, iton, quadneutron, PdD, transmutation | It has been indicated that multiple-neutron nuclei such as quad-neutrons can be emitted during cold fusion. These multiple-neutrons might bombard the nuclei of materials outside a cold fusion cell to cause nuclear reactions. Observations of nuclear emulsions that were irradiated during a cold fusion experiment with heavy water and palladium foil are described. Various traces, like stars, showing nuclear reactions caused by the multiple-neutrons have been clearly observed. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST92-A30088 | ||||||
| 2603 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, T. | 1993 | Cold Fusion Experiments by Using Electrical Discharge in Water | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 10 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Cold Fusion Experiments by Using Electrical Discharge in Water Section 10-1 of linked document. | Pd, H2O, gas discharge, dineutron, plasma, ICCF-4 | This paper describes that cold fusion can be easily induced by electrical discharge in water. AC shots of about 100 V were applied to wire electrodes of palladium, platinum and nickel. Cold fusion reactions were observed by a system of a microtelescope and VTR, and nuclear emulsions. The VTR system has successfully recorded explosive cold fusion reactions on the surface of the metals. With the nuclear emulsions, several traces indicating cold fusion were found. Tiny ball lightening was observed, related to strange traces of combined rings. Implosive cold fusion is also described. | https://www.lenr-canr.org/acrobat/EPRIproceedingb.pdf | ||||
| 2604 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1993 | Observation of meshlike traces on nuclear emulsions during cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Observation of meshlike traces on nuclear emulsions during cold fusion | Pd, D2O, emission, new particle Nattoh, theory | Cold fusion products from the electrolysis of heavy water have been directly measured by using a thin palladium foil. Several anomalous traces have been clearly recorded on nuclear emulsions. Some traces have mesh-like structures, which are classified into two types: (a) ones associated with ring traces that are caused by the gravity decay of quad-neutrons and (b) ones with no ring traces. The mechanisms that form these mesh-like traces are discussed in terms of the Nattoh model. It is inferred that multiple-neutron nuclei such as quad-neutrons, covered by itonic mesh and iton beads, are born during cold fusion. Furthermore, other anomalous traces suggest the production of a new heavy particle during gravity decay. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST93-A30125 | ||||||
| 2605 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1993 | Cold fusion experiments with ordinary water and thin nickel foil | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Cold fusion experiments with ordinary water and thin nickel foil | Ni, film, electrolysis, radiation, particle emission, Nattoh | Cold fusion experiments with ordinary water and thin nickel foils are described. The temperature variation and the surface condition of the foils are examined. It has been proven that ordinary water can produce excess heat. Furthermore, reaction products are recorded on nuclear emulsions. Charged particles, electrons, protons, and deuterons, are observed. Micro-explosions caused by gravity decay of neutron nuclei are also recorded. Many traces indicating tiny black holes and white holes are clearly observed. The mechanisms of cold fusion with ordinary water are discussed in terms of the Nattoh model. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST93-A30205 | ||||||
| 2606 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1993 | Experiments of one-point cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Experiments of one-point cold fusion | gas discharge, ion bombardment, film, iton | Experiments of one-point cold fusion have been per-formed by electrical discharging in ordinary and heavy water mixed with 0.6mol/2 potassium carbonate. A platinum pin anode was located perpendicular to a copper plate cathode. After discharge, the surfaces of the copper plates were examined by an optical microscope. Many ring spots caused by gravity decay of single and di-neutrons were separately distributed on the plates. Furthermore, several kinds of traces that might be produced by itonic hydrogen clusters and by tiny black and white holes were observed. The mechanisms of cold fusion by electrical discharge are also discussed in terms of the Nattoh model. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/fst93-a30209 | ||||||
| 2607 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1993 | Response to 'Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion'' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Response to 'Comments on 'Experiments of one-point cold fusion'' | critique, Fox, iton | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST93-A30214 | |||||||
| 2608 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1994 | Two Proposals Concerning Cold Fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Two Proposals Concerning Cold Fusion | critique, review | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST94-A30318 https://drive.google.com/file/d/12ywEDogGbobbvYpxPhI_PaXcPV9R0s9p/view?usp=sharing | |||||||
| 2609 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1995 | Artificial Ball-Lightning. Photographs of Cold Fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Artificial Ball-Lightning. Photographs of Cold Fusion | Ball Lightning | ||||||||
| 2610 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, T. | 1995 | Cold Fusion Experiments Using Sparking Discharges in Water | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 583 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Cold Fusion Experiments Using Sparking Discharges in Water | H2O, spark discharge, radiation, particle emission, ICCF-5 | Experiments on the DC discharge associated with microsparks were performed in ordinary water. Thin metal wires of Pd, Ni, Ti, Fe, Cd, Mo, Pt and W were used as the electrodes. Numerous sparks appeared on the surface of the electrodes, in high voltage over 40 V, and simultaneously extraordinary phenomena were obseryed, such as ball-lightning like phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=390 | ||
| 2611 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1995 | Mechanisms of cold fusion: Comprehensive explanations by the Nattoh model | Mem. Fac. Eng. Hokkaido Univ., Vol = 19, Num = 2, Page = 201 | Mechanisms of cold fusion: Comprehensive explanations by the Nattoh model | Theory, Nattoh, iton new particle | The phenomena of cold fusion seem to be very complicated; inconsistent data between the production rates of heat, neutrons, tritiums and heliums. Our thoughts need to drastically change in order to appropriately understand the mechanisms of cold fusion. Here, a review is described for the Nattoh modei, that has been developed extensively to provide comprehensive explanations for the mechanisms of coid fusion. Important experimental findings that prove the model are described. Furthermore several subjects including impacts on other fields are also discussed. | https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/38060/1/19%282%29_201-224.pdf | ||||||
| 2612 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 1995 | Extraordinary Traces Produced during Pulsed Discharge in Water | Bull. Faculty of Eng., Hokkaido Univ, Vol = 175 | Extraordinary Traces Produced during Pulsed Discharge in Water | H2O, radiation, gas discharge, film | This paper describes experiments of electrical discharges in water, in which AC shots of up to 100 V were applied to wire electrodes of palladium and platinum. Various kinds of anomalous traces were observed on nuclear emulsions. Some of them were similar to that which were observed in previous experiments of electrolysis cold fusion. Extraordlnary combined rings were newly observed， suggesting that tiny ball-lightning was hopping up and down between the nuclear emulsions. The mechanisms of forming the traces are also discussecl by The Nattoh Model. | https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/42456/1/175_73-86.pdf | ||||||
| 2613 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, T. | 1998 | Carbon Tubes and Films Produced in a Lead Electrode | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 225 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | April 19-24, 1998 | Carbon Tubes and Films Produced in a Lead Electrode | Pb, spark discharge, arc, film, carbon, ICCF-7 | Experiments of underwater spark discharges were performed with a thin lead wire. Discharges were made under two modes of DC and pulse Ae. Ordinary water mixed with potassium carbonate and hydroxide were used as electrolyte solutions. Products were observed with SEM, and those elements were analyzed with EDX and EPMA. Many remarkable products were obtained: interconnected electrons, transmuted products, thin C tubes, thin C films and hollow Pb balls. Here two processes of nuclear transmutation were separately observed: sequential e/p captures and nuclear collapse. The C tubes and films were produced by the nuclear collapse in the Pb balls. It would be amazing that the conventional light elements such as C, O and Fe were regenerated by the nuclear collapse. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=225 | |||
| 2614 | Journal Article | Matsumoto, T. | 2001 | Comments on 'evidence of micrometre-sized plasmoid emission during electrolysis cold fusion' | Fusion Sci. & Technol., Vol = 40 | plasmoids theory Nattoh | The role of small sized charged clusters generated during cold fusion (CF) related experiments was studied. The curious clusters were used in understanding various extraordinary phenomena observed during the experiments like an excess heat production, nuclear transmutation, and ball lightning like phenomenon. The most significant reaction within the clusters within the clusters which induce an explosion and during which mesh like networks of the connected electrons could be broken up. Clusters that collapsed were atomic clusters that could have a diameter of hundreds of micrometers and involve much more nuclei. It was found that the ring products consisted if conventional elements mainly carbon. not dependent on collapsed materials. | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288459430_Comments_on_evidence_micrometre-sized_plasm_emission_during_electrolysis_cold_fusion https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hR2BbF-hXcZQvGZsQ6qPxc4JDzXEzz_F/view?usp=sharing | |||||||
| 2615 | Conference Proceedings | Matsumoto, T. | 2002 | Cold fusion like phenomena in natural fields | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Cold fusion like phenomena in natural fields | ICCF-9, ball lightning, theory, EV, electron clusters | ||||||
| 2616 | Conference Proceedings | Matsunaka, M., Isobe, Y., Ueda, S., Yabuta, K., Ohishi, T., Mori, H., Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Studies of coherent deuteron fusion and related nuclear reactions in solid | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Studies of coherent deuteron fusion and related nuclear reactions in solid 4029 | ICCF-9, 4He, neutron, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, electron beam, transmutation | In order to induce coherent deuteron fusion in metal-deuteride, three kinds of experiments have been performed. In the closed type D2O /Pd electrolysis experiment, significant amount of helium-4 atom was detected in upper gas of electrolysis cell and inside the palladium cathode by QMS analysis. In the discharge type electrolysis experiment, anomalous elements were detected on the surface of cathode palladium by PIXE analysis after experiment. The detected elements are iron and zinc. Under electron beam irradiation to highly D-loaded palladium, anomalous spectra were taken in X-ray measurement. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MatsunakaMstudiesofc.pdf | |||
| 2617 | Journal Article | Matsunami, N. | 1990 | Solid state effects on tunnelling probability for d+d nuclear fusion at room temperature | Radiat. Effects Defects Solids, Vol = 112 | Solid state effects on tunnelling probability for d+d nuclear fusion at room temperature | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 2618 | Conference Proceedings | Matsunami, N. | 1992 | A Mechanism for Cold Nuclear Fusion: Barrier Reduction by Screening Under Transient Coherent Flow of Deuterium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 637 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | A Mechanism for Cold Nuclear Fusion: Barrier Reduction by Screening Under Transient Coherent Flow of Deuterium | theory, screening, ICCF-3 | A mechanism for the cold nuclear fusion is suggested, based on reduction of the barrier penetration factor lambda due to screening by enhanced electron density around deuterium at excited/ionic states under transient coherent flow of d in metals. Four D- state, lambda ~ 70 or the rate of ~1 fusion/s*cm^3 is obtained. The effective region and probability of the transient coherent D- state are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=372 | ||
| 2619 | Journal Article | Matsuzaki, A., Nishina, T., Uchida, I. | 1994 | In situ low incident angle XRD technique with electrochemical methods. Application to deuterium charging into palladium cathode | Hyomen Gijutsu, Vol = 45 | In situ low incident angle XRD technique with electrochemical methods. Application to deuterium charging into palladium cathode | electrolysis, Pd, x-ray diffraction, structure | ||||||||
| 2620 | Report | Maxwell, J., Grimshaw, T. | 2012 | Public Policy Planning for Broad Deployment of Cold Fusion for Energy Production in the U.S.: Technology Assessment of LENR Impacts | Hyomen Gijutsu, Vol = 45 | Center for International Energy & Environmental Policy, the University of Texas at Austin | Public Policy Planning for Broad Deployment of Cold Fusion for Energy Production in the U.S.: Technology Assessment of LENR Impacts | policy | The introduction of technology can be viewed as throwing a rock into a body of water and the ripples which radiate outwards are the impacts to society with the strongest ripples being the structures of society which have a disturbance of the highest magnitude. Technology Assessment is one way that policymakers can predict where and how far those 'ripples' will travel with the 'splash' of a new technology. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MaxwellJpublicpoli.pdf | |||||
| 2621 | Journal Article | Mayer, F. J., King, J. S., Reitz, J. R. | 1990 | Nuclear fusion from crack-generated particle acceleration | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 269 | Nuclear fusion from crack-generated particle acceleration | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2622 | Conference Proceedings | Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R. | 1991 | Summary of Progress in Hydron Physics | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 211 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Summary of Progress in Hydron Physics | theory, review, hydron, ICCF-2 | Electromagnetic scattering resonances in the e-p+, e-d+, e-t+ systems produce short-lived, charge-neutral, particles called hydrons. These particles provide the screening of repulsive Coulomb forces so that nuclear reactions between a hydron nucleus and a reaction partner are possible. Hydron formation, reactions, and applications to anomalous nuclear observations in the laboratory and geophysics are summarized. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=226 | ||
| 2623 | Journal Article | Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R. | 1991 | Nuclear energy release in metals | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Nuclear energy release in metals | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 2624 | Journal Article | Mayer, F. J. | 1991 | Comments on 'Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Comments on 'Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion' | critique, Mills, theory | ||||||||
| 2625 | Journal Article | Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R. | 1991 | On very low energy hydrogenic nuclear reactions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | On very low energy hydrogenic nuclear reactions | hydron, theory, hydron | ||||||||
| 2626 | Journal Article | Mayer, F. J., Reitz, J. R. | 1992 | Response to 'Comments on 'Nuclear energy release in metals'' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Response to 'Comments on 'Nuclear energy release in metals'' | critique, Bryan, hydron | ||||||||
| 2627 | Journal Article | Mayer, R. E., Patino, N. E., Florido, P. C., Gomez, S. E., Granada, J. R., Gillette, V. H. | 1993 | Neutron detection system for extremely low count rate. Calculation, construction and employment in search for 'cold fusion' | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 324 | Neutron detection system for extremely low count rate. Calculation, construction and employment in search for 'cold fusion' | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 2628 | Journal Article | Mazitov, R. K. | 1989 | On the detection of cold nuclear fusion | Koord. Khim., Vol = 15, Num = 9, Page = 1294 (in Russian) | On the detection of cold nuclear fusion | critique | ||||||||
| 2629 | Journal Article | Mazitov, R. K. | 1989 | Possibility of nuclear transformation in chemical reactions | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 307 | Possibility of nuclear transformation in chemical reactions | theory, distance, heavy fermion | ||||||||
| 2630 | Conference Proceedings | Mazzetti, P. | 1986 | Basic Concepts on the Theory of the Magnetic Properties of Solids | Magnetic Properties of Matter, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 270 | Borsa, F., Tognetti, V. | World Scientific | Villa Gualino, Turin | Sept. 8-20, 1986 | Basic Concepts on the Theory of the Magnetic Properties of Solids | susceptibility theory | ||||
| 2631 | Journal Article | Mazzolai, F. M., Bordoni, P. G., Lewis, F. A. | 1980 | Elastic Energy Dissipation Effects in the Palladium-Hydrogen System | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 74 | Elastic Energy Dissipation Effects in the Palladium-Hydrogen System | Pd, H, stress, deformation | ||||||||
| 2632 | Journal Article | McAllister, J. W. | 1992 | Competition among scientific disciplines in cold nuclear fusion research | Science in Context, Vol = 5 | Competition among scientific disciplines in cold nuclear fusion research | history | ||||||||
| 2633 | Journal Article | McBreen, J. | 1990 | Absorption of electrolytic hydrogen and deuterium by Pd: the effect of cyanide adsorption | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 287 | Absorption of electrolytic hydrogen and deuterium by Pd: the effect of cyanide adsorption | Pd, D, H, overvoltage, CN, absorption, surface | ||||||||
| 2634 | Journal Article | McCarthy, W. | 2015 | Water-free Replication of Pons&Fleischmann LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 256 Water-free Replication of Pons&Fleischmann LENR | Calorimetry, Copper, Hydrogen, Nuclear reaction | Statistically significant heat is produced by a method similar to Pons and Fleischmann but not involving electrolysis or water. Instead of putting hydrogen into electrodes by operation for a few days, hydrogen solute is incorporated into electrode alloys by temperature and pressure, before the cell is assembled. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=263 | ||||||
| 2635 | Journal Article | McCarthy, W. | 2019 | Light Hydrogen LENR in Copper Alloys | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Light Hydrogen LENR in Copper Alloys | Boron, Calorimetry, Capacitor, Copper, Hydrogen, Infrared, LENR, Resonance, Seebeck | An example of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) is demonstrated. A cell containing copper-boron alloy electrodes, infused with hydrogen at high temperature and moderate pressure, was tested. Calorimetry showing assumed nuclear energy well in excess of standard statistical requirements is reported. Equipment to detect far infrared emissions produced by these cells was built and is described. An electronic resonance method to reduce input is being developed to greatly improve efficiency. This should lead to a commercially viable energy source, with little or no environmental consequences. Some theoretical discussion is also given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=200 | ||||||
| 2636 | Journal Article | McCevoy, A. J., O'Sullivan, C. T. D. | 1989 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | theory, muon | ||||||||
| 2637 | Journal Article | McCracken, D. R., Paquette, J., Boniface, H. A., Graham, W. R. C., Johnson, R. E., Briden, N. A., Cross, W. G., Arneja, A., Tennant, D. C., Lone, M. A., Buyers, W. J. L., Chambers, K. W., McIlwain, A. K., Attas, E. M., Dutton, R. | 1990 | In search of nuclear fusion in electrolytic cells and in metal/gas systems | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 121 | In search of nuclear fusion in electrolytic cells and in metal/gas systems | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, Titanium D2 neutron, gamma emission, tritium, heat- | ||||||||
| 2638 | Journal Article | McCracken, G. M., Bailey, M., Croft, S., Findlay, D. J. S., Gibson, A., Govier, R. P., Jarvis, O. N., Milton, H. J., Powell, B. A., Sadler, G., Sene, M. R., Sweetman, D.R., van Belle, P., Watson, H. H. H. | 1990 | Experimental search for 'cold fusion' in the deuterium-titanium system | J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol = 23 | Experimental search for 'cold fusion' in the deuterium-titanium system | titanium D2 neutron diffusion | ||||||||
| 2639 | Journal Article | McDonald, K. A. | 1989 | Energy Department Panel Remains Unconvinced by New Claims of Room-Temperature Fusion | The Chronicle of Higher Education | Energy Department Panel Remains Unconvinced by New Claims of Room-Temperature Fusion | history | ||||||||
| 2640 | Journal Article | McDonald, K. A. | 1990 | Claims of Proponents of Cold Fusion Still Spark Controversy a Year Later | The Chronicle of Higher Education | Claims of Proponents of Cold Fusion Still Spark Controversy a Year Later | history, review | ||||||||
| 2641 | Report | McFee, R. W. | 1990 | Review of ICCF1, Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion | The Chronicle of Higher Education | Review of ICCF1, Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion | history | ||||||||
| 2642 | Conference Proceedings | McIntyre, R. | 2003 | Proposal for an Experiment designed to seek evidence for cold fusion | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Proposal for an Experiment designed to seek evidence for cold fusion | gas loading | In experiments carried out in 1990 to investigate the application of the gas phase as a medium for cold fusion, a Pd vessel was exposed to deuterium gas, dissociated in an electric discharge at between -10 and -20 degrees C. The thickness of the metal was about one millimeter. In the first of a number of experiments positive indications of fusion were observed but these could not be repeated in subsequent experiments. The inability to repeat results has been found to occur in other cold fusion experiments and signifies that the processes involved are not understood (1). Since 1990, a number of results have been obtained which may put these earlier failures in a new light. In particular, the discovery by Miles (2), who reported positive results during electrolysis from 6mm thick rod after failure with Pd electrodes one mm thick. This introduces the bulk of the metal as a possible factor in the occurrence of cold fusion. Another noticeable feature of the absorption of deuterium in Pd is the obvious signs of cold work done on the metal. The surface is roughened, cracks appear and measurements show an apparent 15% increase in volume. With these factors in mind, a hypothesis has been formulated which seeks to explain how this might influence the process of cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McIntyreRproposalfo.pdf | |||
| 2643 | Journal Article | McKee, S. G., Magennis, J. P., Lewis, F. A. | 1982 | Hydrogen Isotope Distribution Equilibria in the Pd/H2-H2O System | Surf. Technol., Vol = 16 | Hydrogen Isotope Distribution Equilibria in the Pd/H2-H2O System | PdD, PdH, Separation Factor, resistivity | ||||||||
| 2644 | Journal Article | McKee, S. G., Lewis, F. A., Magennis, J. P., Kelly, T. J. | 1983 | The Establishment of Equilibria in the Pd-H2-D2-H2O-D2O System | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 89 | The Establishment of Equilibria in the Pd-H2-D2-H2O-D2O System | H2O, D2O, Pd, separation Factor | ||||||||
| 2645 | Conference Proceedings | McKee, J. S. C., Smith, G. R., Durocher, J. J. G., Kwok, C. B., Johnston, H. L., Mathur, M. S., Mayer, J. K., Mirzai, A., Yeo, Y. H., Sharma, K. S., Williams, G. | 1990 | Neutron Emission from Low-Energy Deuteron Injection of Deuteron-Implanted Metal Foils (Pd, Ti, and In) | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 275 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Neutron Emission from Low-Energy Deuteron Injection of Deuteron-Implanted Metal Foils (Pd, Ti, and In) | ion implantation Pd, D2, titanium, neutron, x-ray | ||||
| 2646 | Journal Article | McKee, J. S. C., Smith, G. R., Durocher, J. J. G., Johnston, H. L., Mathur, M. S., Mayer, J. K., Mirzai, A., Yeo, Y. H., Hempel, A., Hnatiuk, H., King, S. | 1992 | The role of fractofusion in the creation of anomalies in neutron production from deuterium-implanted solids | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 67 | The role of fractofusion in the creation of anomalies in neutron production from deuterium-implanted solids | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 2647 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1989 | Can particles having both fractional electric charge and color charge with 1/r2 force be in existence since the big bang? | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 67 | Can particles having both fractional electric charge and color charge with 1/r2 force be in existence since the big bang? | theory, quark | ||||||||
| 2648 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1989 | Evidence for three primordially created particles and can one of them catalyze cold fusion? | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 67 | Evidence for three primordially created particles and can one of them catalyze cold fusion? | theory new particle | ||||||||
| 2649 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1990 | Explanation of low-intensity cold fusion | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 67 | Explanation of low-intensity cold fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 2650 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1990 | Passed-Over Evidence for Fractionally-Charged Particles with Associated Color Change | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 67 | Passed-Over Evidence for Fractionally-Charged Particles with Associated Color Change | theory fractional charge new particle | ||||||||
| 2651 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1994 | Particles as Standing Waves in a Superdense Aether | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 67 | Particles as Standing Waves in a Superdense Aether | theory | ||||||||
| 2652 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1995 | The missed fractionally-charged particles | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 67 | The missed fractionally-charged particles | theory fractional charge new particle | ||||||||
| 2653 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1995 | Can Cold Fusion be Catalyzed by Fractionally-Charged Ions that have Evaded FC Particle Searches | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 14 | Can Cold Fusion be Catalyzed by Fractionally-Charged Ions that have Evaded FC Particle Searches | theory, hemitrons new particle | ||||||||
| 2654 | Journal Article | McKibben, J L. | 1996 | Strange-particle catalysis in the production of COH2 gas or iron | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 11, Page = 37 | Strange-particle catalysis in the production of COH2 gas or iron | Theory new particle | ||||||||
| 2655 | Journal Article | McKibben, J L. | 1997 | Catalytic behavior of one (or two) subquarks bound to their nuclear hosts | Infinite Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 13/14, Page = 103 | Catalytic behavior of one (or two) subquarks bound to their nuclear hosts | Theory new particle | ||||||||
| 2656 | Journal Article | McKibben, J. L. | 1998 | Design of a nuclear-powered steam engine or jet for space propulsion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 13/14, Page = 103 | Design of a nuclear-powered steam engine or jet for space propulsion | theory method heat | ||||||||
| 2657 | Journal Article | McKibben, J L. | 1998 | Recent observations that yield information on catalytic particles | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 20, Page = 70 | Recent observations that yield information on catalytic particles | Theory, new particle | ||||||||
| 2658 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Chao, J., Chexal, B., Passell, T. O., Santucci, J. | 1990 | Calorimetry and Electrochemistry in the D/Pd System | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 20 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Calorimetry and Electrochemistry in the D/Pd System | heat+, Pd, D2O, resistance, loading, autoradiograph, X-ray, ICCF-1 | Experiments have been performed to examine the anomalous effects associated with the D/Pd system, and to discover some of the experimental variables that might be important to the effects. Experiments were concerned with calorimetry of the D/Pd system, but also monitored those experimental variables that might be important in causing the effects: the D/Pd ratio and its rate of change, interfacial phenomena such as the reduction of D2O, or reduction of contaminant species. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcalorimetr.pdf | ||
| 2659 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Crouch-Baker, S., Passell, T. O., Santucci, J. | 1991 | Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd System | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 419 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd System | heat+, Pd, D2O, method, Current Density, loading, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | An experimental program was undertaken to explore the central idea proposed by Fleischmann et al. that heat, and possibly nuclear products, could be created in palladium lattices under electrolytic conditions. Three types of experiments were performed to determine the factors that control the extent of D loading in the Pd lattice, and to search for unusual calorimetric and nuclear effects. It is the purpose of this communication to discuss observations of heat output observed calorimetrically in excess of known sources of input heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHisothermal.pdf | |||
| 2660 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Riley, A. M., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L. | 1992 | Excess Power Observations in Electrochemical Studies of the D/Pd System; The Influence of Loading | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 5 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Excess Power Observations in Electrochemical Studies of the D/Pd System; The Influence of Loading | heat+, loading, Pd, D2, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Excess power measurements have been carried out on a deuterium-based electrochemical system of novel design. The excess power generation is reported as a function of electrochemical current and cathode loading. A phenomenological model for excess power production is introduced and briefly discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHexcesspowe.pdf | ||
| 2661 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Bush, B. F., Crouch-Baker, S., Hauser, A., Jevtic, N., Smedley, S. I., Srinivasan, M., Tanzella, F. L., Williams, M., Wing, S. | 1993 | Loading, Calorimeteric and Nuclear Investigation of the D/Pd System | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 5 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Loading, Calorimeteric and Nuclear Investigation of the D/Pd System | heat+, loading, Pd, D2O, resistivity, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 2662 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Hauser, A., Jevtic, N., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L. | 1994 | An overview of excess heat production in deuterated palladium system | IECEC Conference | Monterey, CA | Aug. 1994 | An overview of excess heat production in deuterated palladium system | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||
| 2663 | Report | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Tanzella, F. L., Smedley, S. I., Williams, M., Wing, S., Maly-Schreiber, M., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Searson, P. C., Pronko, J. G., Kohler, D. A. | 1994 | Development of Advanced Concepts for Nuclear Processes in Deuterated Metals, TR-104195 | IECEC Conference | Electric Power Research Institute | Development of Advanced Concepts for Nuclear Processes in Deuterated Metals, TR-104195 | The excess heat generated in electrochemical cells with palladium cathodes and heavy water electrolyte appears to be far too large to result from chemical or metallurgical transformation. The evidence implies that the heat source is a nuclear reaction of some as yet undetermined nature. This book is available here: http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=TR-104195 The LENR-CANR.org version is searchable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHdevelopmen.pdf | ||||||
| 2664 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Rocha-Filho, R. C., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Passell, T. O., Santucci, J. | 1994 | Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd and H/Pd Systems | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 368 | Isothermal Flow Calorimetric Investigations of the D/Pd and H/Pd Systems | Pd, D2O, heat+, method | Isothermal calorimetric studies of the D/Pd and H/Pd systems have been carried out at high deuterium (hydrogen) loadings (i.e. [D(H)]/[Pd] > 0.9) at approximately 30?. Under these conditions, the generation of 'excess power' was observed in a series of deuterium-based experiments, but not in a hydrogen-based experiment. The results of these experiments enable several (tentative) conclusions to be reached concerning the conditions necessary for the reproducible observation of this anomalous thermal effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHisothermala.pdf | ||||||
| 2665 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Hauser, A. K., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Williams, M. S., Wing, S. | 1995 | Concerning Reproducibility of Excess Power Production | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 17 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Concerning Reproducibility of Excess Power Production | Pd, D2, D2O, loading, method, electrolysis, heat+, Al, ICCF-5 | An apparent irreproducibility in the production of an, as yet, anomalous excess power from Pd cathodes electrochemically loaded with D can be associated with irreproducibility in the attainment of several necessary starting conditions. Of these, the threshold loading (D/Pd atomic ratio) has received the most attention. A statistical analysis is presented of the results of 176 experiments intended to test the means of establishing reproducible control over D/Pd loading. A set of variables are examined, and procedures identified which permit the attainment of loading above the threshold necessary for excess heat production. Calorimetric results from two experiments are presented and analyzed. A mathematical function is identified which correlates closely with the time evolution of excess power. An important element of this correlation is the measured rate of change of the cathode resistivity. We have interpreted the resistance change as indicating the presence of an oscillation or 'breathing' of the cathode loading induced by a flux of deuterons through the cathode/electrolyte interface. The observed functionality of excess power with deuteron flux above a loading threshold, conforms closely with theoretical predictions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=31 | ||
| 2666 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Tanzella, F. L., Williams, M., Wing, S. | 1996 | New Hydrogen Energy Research at SRI | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 75 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | New Hydrogen Energy Research at SRI | Pd, D2O, electrolysis, heat+, loading, boiling, surface, ICCF-6 | With financial support from the Institute for Applied Energy (IAE), SRI International has undertaken a research and development program in the field of New Hydrogen Energy production. The long-term goals of this program are: (i) to understand the phenomenology and identify the mechanism(s) of new hydrogen energy production, and (ii) to increase the rate of energy production to useful levels. To these ends, in addition to research at SRI International, collaborative research with IAE has been undertaken at SRI and IAE's facility in Sapporo. Research has been performed in a number of areas: Firstly, calorimetric studies of the palladium/heavy water system have been carried out using electrochemical cells housed in well qualified mass flow calorimeters, one design of which is capable of accurate measurement of the helium content of the ceil. Although most results have been obtained for electrolyte temperatures in the range 25-40?, some experiments have been undertaken in the vicinity of the boiling point of heavy water. In addition to these calorimetric experiments, extensive studies have been made of the electrochemical loading of deuterium into palladium obtained from a variety of sources. While the results obtained are consistent with those obtained previously, by various researchers, it is clear that attainment of the necessary conditions for excess heat production is greatly impeded by a materials-induced variability of a critical parameter which is not presently under our control. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=90 | ||
| 2667 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Tanzella, F. L. | 1996 | Electrochemistry and calorimetry in a packed-bed flow-through electrochemical cell | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 645 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Electrochemistry and calorimetry in a packed-bed flow-through electrochemical cell | excess heat, packed bed | Packed bed electrochemical cells have come to recent prominence as a convenient way to provide a large area cathode of nickel and/or palladium, in the search for 'excess heat' production. In such cells, the electrolyte is constrained to flow axially, parallel to the direction of net current flow. Calorimetry can be performed by measuring the mass flow rate and temperature rise of the electrolyte in its transit through the cell. This paper focuses on aspects of electrochemistry, electrochemical engineering and calorimetry that are peculiar to flow-through packed-bed cells. Results will be presented of calculations intended to characterize the distribution of electrochemical process: current, potential and composition, within the heterogeneous structure of the packed bed cathode. The interpenetrating, continuous conductive elements formed by the solid phase metallic conductor (coating) and the porefilling electrolyte phase, extended in the dimension of current flow, form a system which can be modeled as an electrochemical transmission line. The results of such modeling can be used to predict the depth of electrochemical activity within a packed bed, and to estimate the proftle of hydrogen activity. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=246 | |||
| 2668 | Report | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Hauser, A., Jevtic, N., Smedley, S. I., Tanzella, F. L., Williams, M., Wing, S., Bush, B. F., McMahon, F., Srinivasan, M., Wark, A. W., Warren, D. | 1998 | Energy Production Processes In Deuterated Metals | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 645 | EPRI | Palo Alto | Energy Production Processes In Deuterated Metals | Electrochemical power generation, Palladium, Heavy Water, Deuterium, Cold fusion, Heat source independent | TR-107843-V1 | |||||
| 2669 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 1998 | Materials Issues of Loading Deuterium into Palladium and the Association with Excess Heat Production | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 230 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Materials Issues of Loading Deuterium into Palladium and the Association with Excess Heat Production | heat+, Pd, D2O, loading, ICCF-7, electrolysis | The ability of palladium cathodes to attain and maintain high loading levels, at high current density and for long times, is controlled by two factors: the condition of the electrochemical interface which allows the attainment of high deuterium activity; the defect density and mechanical condition of the bulk material which permits the Pd lattice to withstand and contain high bulk deuterium activities when these equilibrate to produce extreme pressures of deuterium gas inside closed incipient voids within the metal.?????? Examples are given from a set of 26 intentionally similar current ramps which show three distinct Modes of loading performance: Mode A - a linear decrease of Pd resistance, beyond the resistance maximum, with logarithmic increase in electrochemical current; Mode B - an initial log-linear decrease on the Mode A trajectory, followed by a rapid increase in resistance when the resistance falls below a critical value; Mode C -? a shallow decrease in resistance with approximately symmetric increase as the [log] current density is increased beyond a threshold value similar to that for Mode B. Mode A is most frequently associated with the appearance of calorimetrically determined excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHmaterialsi.pdf | ||
| 2670 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H., Crouch-Baker, S., Tanzella, F. L. | 1999 | Conditions for the observation of excess power in the D/Pd system | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 230 | Conditions for the observation of excess power in the D/Pd system | Pd, D2O, electrolysis, heat+, loading | ||||||||
| 2671 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Violante, V. | 2000 | Finite Element Modeling of the Transient Colorimetric Behavior of the MATRIX Experimental Apparatus: 4He and Excess of Power Production Correlation through Numerical Results | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 23 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Finite Element Modeling of the Transient Colorimetric Behavior of the MATRIX Experimental Apparatus: 4He and Excess of Power Production Correlation through Numerical Results | heat+, D2, calalyst, method replication Case, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2672 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Tripodi, P., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2000 | The Emergence of a Coherent Explanation for Anomalies Observed in D/Pd and H/Pd System: Evidence for 4He and 3He Production | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 3 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | The Emergence of a Coherent Explanation for Anomalies Observed in D/Pd and H/Pd System: Evidence for 4He and 3He Production | heat+, He, D2, D2O, Pd-black, catalyst, replication Arata, ICCF-8 | Numerous observations have been made of apparent anomalies in carefully performed experimental studies of D/Pd and H/Pd systems.? Such anomalies include:? prompt emission of electrons and charged particles; unexplained heat in excess of known input sources; the residual presence of light elements (notably 3H, 3He and 4He); the possible occurrence of isotope anomalies in higher mass elements (including the host metal); unusual electrical conductance effects both stable and transient (not discussed in this paper).? The features that unify these apparently disparate observations are the common elements of the needed experimental stimuli, and the requirement for extended lattice coherent processes in any obvious explanation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHtheemergen.pdf | ||
| 2673 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2002 | Closing comments summerizing the status and progress of experimental studies | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Closing comments summerizing the status and progress of experimental studies 4030 | review, ICCF-9 | McKubre summarizes his impressions and reports on experiments at the ICCF-9 conference, Beijing, China, 2002. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHclosingcom.pdf | |||
| 2674 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Tripodi, P., Violante, V. | 2002 | Progress towards replication | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Progress towards replication 4031 | ICCF-9, 4He, helium, Arata, tritium | A collaborative effort has been established formally between SRI International in Menlo Park, California, and ENEA (Frascati) in Italy.? In addition to providing a framework for an International replication effort, this collaboration is intended to focus the complementary skills of the two laboratories on carefully selected problems of Pd/D studies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHprogressto.pdf | |||
| 2675 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2003 | Review of experimental measurements involving dd reactions (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Review of experimental measurements involving dd reactions (PowerPoint slides) | dd fusion, excess heat, review | PowerPoint slides presented at the Short Course on LENR for ICCF-10, August 25, 2003. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHreviewofex.pdf | |||
| 2676 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2003 | The Need for Triggering in Cold Fusion Reactions | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The Need for Triggering in Cold Fusion Reactions | dd fusion, excess heat, review | It has long been recognized that initiation of the cold fusion heat effect observed in heavy water electrolysis at palladium cathodes requires simultaneous attainment of three conditions: (i) high loading or chemical potential of D within the Pd lattice; (ii) an initiation time at least ten times larger than the D diffusion time constant: (iii) a minimum or threshold electrochemical surface current or current density that is not correlated to the bulk D loading. In 1995 a fourth condition was added with the recognition [5] that (iv) deuterium flux plays an important role in determining the excess heat power density. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHtheneedfor.pdf | |||
| 2677 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2005 | Using resistivity to measure H/Pd and D/Pd loading: method and significance | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Using resistivity to measure H/Pd and D/Pd loading: method and significance | loading | The resistance ratio method is the most frequent technique used to determine the extent of interstitial loading of hydrogen or deuterium atoms into palladium electrodes, or extended structures used in electrolytic or gas phase cold fusion experiments. Specifically, advantage is taken of an empirical relationship between the measured resistance, R, normalized to that of the same body at the same temperature in the absence of hydrogen isotope, R?, hence R/R?, and the atomic fraction occupancy of octahedral interstitials, x = H/Pd or D/Pd. This method was first suggested and employed in cold fusion studies by the present authors [1], and received immediate and widespread acceptance because of the ease with which this experimental technique could be used to make insitu, real-time measurements of a parameter, D/Pd, anticipated [2] or hypothesized [3-6] at that time to relate to cold fusion heat excess or nuclear production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHusingresis.pdf | ||||
| 2678 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2007 | Cold Fusion at SRI (PowerPoint slides) | APS March Meeting | Denver, CO | March 13-17, 2006 | Cold Fusion at SRI (PowerPoint slides) | sonofusion | Cold Fusion at SRI An 18 Year Retrospective (and brief Prospective) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcoldfusion.pdf | ||||
| 2679 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2008 | The Importance of Replication | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | The Importance of Replication | excess heat, replication | Much discussion in the Condensed Matter Nuclear Science or 'Cold Fusion' fields centers on the subject of replication. It is a topic that comes up in essentially every conversation about the Fleischmann Pons Effect (FPE). Assembled here is a set of essentially personal views on this subject of replication. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHtheimporta.pdf | |||||
| 2680 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2008 | Mass Flow Calorimetry | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Mass Flow Calorimetry | Calorimeter, method | Discussion of the Mass Flow first principles calorimeter in this paper is based primarily on the analysis and experience gained at SRI in answering the question: 'is there a Fleischmann Pons heat effect (FPE)'? Subsequently other mass flow calorimeters, or more generically heat balance calorimeters, were designed to answer this same question and some comment will be directed to the technical differences resulting from different design philosophies, specifically those designed and operated by ENEA, and Energetics Technologies. Discussion will be undertaken of ideal and non-ideal calorimeter operation, design principles and practical implementation including long and short term accuracy and sensitivity as well as limitations of heat balance calorimeters as the vehicle chosen to study the FPE. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHmassflowca.pdf | |||||
| 2681 | Book Section | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Dardik, I., El-Boher, A., Zilov, T., Greenspan, E., Sibilia, C., Violante, V. | 2008 | Replication of Condensed Matter Heat Production | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Replication of Condensed Matter Heat Production | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch010 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch010 | ||||||
| 2682 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Violante, V. | 2008 | The Significance of Replication (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | The Significance of Replication (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | What have we learned in 18 years of experiments performed at SRI, about the experimental conditions for success and reasons for failed replication? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHthesignifi.pdf | |||||
| 2683 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2009 | Cold Fusion, LENR, the Fleischmann-Pons Effect; One Perspective on the State of the Science (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | COLD FUSION, LENR, the Fleischmann-Pons Effect; One Perspective on the state of the science (PowerPoint slides) | review | With recent publicity outside the GRINS field it has become increasingly important to clarify in non-specialist terms what is known and what is understood in the general field of so called Low Energy or lattice Enhanced Nuclear Reactions (LENR). It is also crucial and timely to expose and elaborate what objections or reservations exist with regard to these new understandings. In essence we are concerned with the answers to the following three questions: What do we think we know? Why do we think we know it? Why do doubts still exist in the broader scientific community? | http://coldfusioncommunity.net/pdf/jcmns/v4/32_JCMNS-Vol4.pdf | |||||
| 2684 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2009 | Cold Fusion (LENR) One Perspective on the State of the Science | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Cold Fusion (LENR) One Perspective on the State of the Science | review | With recent publicity outside the CMNS field it has become increasingly important to clarify in non-specialist terms what is known and what is understood in the general field of so called Low Energy or lattice Enhanced Nuclear Reactions (LENR). It is also crucial and timely to expose and elaborate what objections or reservations exist with regard to these new understandings. In essence we are concerned with the answers to the following three questions: What do we think we know? Why do we think we know it? Why do doubts still exist in the broader scientific community? In this Foreword to the Proceedings of ICCF15 I lean heavily on the experimental work performed at SRI by and with its close collaborators (ENEA Frascati, Energetics and MIT) with a view to define experiment-based non-traditional understandings of new physical effects in metal deuterides. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcoldfusionb.pdf | ||||
| 2685 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2009 | Cold Fusion (LENR) One Perspective on the State of the Science (Japanese version) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Cold Fusion (LENR) One Perspective on the State of the Science (Japanese version) | review | Japanese version. With recent publicity outside the CMNS field it has become increasingly important to clarify in non-specialist terms what is known and what is understood in the general field of so called Low Energy or lattice Enhanced Nuclear Reactions (LENR). It is also crucial and timely to expose and elaborate what objections or reservations exist with regard to these new understandings. In essence we are concerned with the answers to the following three questions: What do we think we know? Why do we think we know it? Why do doubts still exist in the broader scientific community? In this Foreword to the Proceedings of ICCF15 I lean heavily on the experimental work performed at SRI by and with its close collaborators (ENEA Frascati, Energetics and MIT) with a view to define experiment-based non-traditional understandings of new physical effects in metal deuterides. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcoldfusionc.pdf | |||||
| 2686 | Conference Proceedings | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2009 | Excess Power Observations in Electrochemical Studies of the D/Pd System; the Operating Parameter Space | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Excess Power Observations in Electrochemical Studies of the D/Pd System; the Operating Parameter Space | The research activity into the Fleischmann-Pons Effect, FPE [1] at SRI has now accumulating more than 60 man-years of research. Here we focus attention on aspects of that work that lead to an improved understanding of the parameter space in which the FPE occurs. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=49 | |||||
| 2687 | Report | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2011 | What Happened to Cold Fusion (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Cafe Scientifique, SRI International Building | What Happened to Cold Fusion (PowerPoint slides) | review | These are the PowerPoint slides from a lecture by Michael McKubre of SRI, Inc. A look at McKubre's own work and at some of the major trends in the field, especially the gas-loading approach pioneered by Arata and Piantelli, which and now the focus of the field, especially with Rossi. It is available as an 8-part video on YouTube: 1. Introduction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtweR_qGHEc 2. Major Segments http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeikEgjC1qg 3. Department of Energy Reference http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqeA8n37XFg 4. Necessary but Not Sufficient Conditions http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_XN52jXl78 5. Gas-Loading Experiments http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYZfgvSFYDM 6. Experiments by Italian Scientists http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N3N3dWlIPUQ 7. Recap http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QhIWrA4pGI 8. Q&A Discussion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LWkVyg_iul4 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHwhathappen.pdf | |||||
| 2688 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2011 | Cold Fusion, LENR, CMNS, FPE: One Perspective on the State of the Science Based on Measurements Made at SRI | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Cold Fusion, LENR, CMNS, FPE: One Perspective on the State of the Science Based on Measurements Made at SRI | Calorimetry, Cold fusion, Excess heat | Our object is to clarify in non-specialist terms what is known and what is understood in the general field of so called Low-Energy or Lattice Enhanced Nuclear Reactions (LENR). It is also crucial and timely to expose and elaborate what objections or reservations exist with regard to these new understandings. In essence, we are concerned with the answers to the following three questions: What do we think we know? Why do we think we know it? Why do doubts still exist in the broader scientific community? Progress in the LENR field will be reviewed with primary focus on the experimental work performed at SRI by and with its close collaborators with a view to defining experiments based non-traditional understandings of new physical effects in metal deuterides. Particular attention is directed to the Fleischmann-Pons Effect, nuclear level heat from the deuterium-palladium, and the associated nuclear products: 4He, 3He and 3H. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=40 | ||||||
| 2689 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2012 | What is needed in LENR/FPE studies? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 187-197 What is needed in LENR/FPE studies? | Calorimetry, Cold fusion, Deuterium, Electrochemistry, Excess heat, Helium, Palladium | ICCF16 marks nearly 22 years of research into the phenomenon first called 'cold fusion'. This newfield has expanded in breadth to the point that numerous acronyms compete to describe overlapping effects. Two of these are: LENR(LowEnergy Nuclear Reactions) and its subset FPE (the Fleischmann Pons Effect). Research to elucidate the basic processes and shed light on mechanisms has proceeded effectively continuously since March 1989 at SRI and elsewhere, and diligently and as ?ime and funds? have allowed at numerous other accomplished institutions worldwide. It is now clear to a well-informed but relatively small group of scientifically interested individuals that the deuterium-palladium systems conceals a heat source with energy exceeding by several orders of magnitude mechanical, lattice storage or chemical energy effects. Evidences of possible dd fusion products have been widely and numerously observed, at least partially ratifying the original speculative designation of 'cold fusion'. The effect, however, is apparently not limited to deuterium as a fuel, to helium as a product or to palladium as a matrix, hence the classification of the field as Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (CMNS) to differentiate these ?ew? effects from those observed in the rarified environments of particle and plasma physics. The materials-related issues associated with the so-called irreproducibility of CMNS effects presents the greatest barrier to the advancement and acceptance of the field. Precisely because we are dealing with condensed matter, micro-structural and micro-impurity control is difficult and expensive, requiring specialized equipment, control and skill. Problems of similar scale (and origin) have been faced and overcome in the past in the development of technologies having similar significance for mankind. Two (of many) examples are: the development of solid-state semiconductors; implementation of conventional nuclear power (and weapons). Absent another Bell Labs or Manhattan Project how should the CMNS field best proceed? Several overlapping options will be discussed. It is well within the capability of 'mainstream' scientists and engineers in academia, and in national and private laboratories to resolve the materials issues and the questions of whether or not specific products are or are not present. Without funding they will not be encouraged to do so; without (a higher degree of) acceptance, adequate funding will not be made available. This paper will address various options and strategies to surmount this logical dilemma. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=193 | ||||||
| 2690 | Conference Paper | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2014 | Cold Fusion; 25 years of research at SRI | NTVA - Tekna, Can LENR provide cheap and clean energy? | Oslo, Norway | Excess heat, history | The slides from a presentation given at Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences (NTVA) on November 5, 2014. See: http://www.infinite-energy.com/iemagazine/issue119/norway.html | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcoldfusione.pdf | ||||||
| 2691 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H., Bao, J., Tanzella, F. L., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2014 | Calorimetric Studies of the Destructive Stimulation of Palladium and Nickel Fine Wires | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 337-345 Calorimetric Studies of the Destructive Stimulation of Palladium and Nickel Fine Wires | deuterium, hydrogen, nickel, palladium | An experimental program was designed and performed to test three aspects of CMNS studies. A fourth objective was added in the light of reports from Rossi regarding large scale heat release from the nickel - natural hydrogen system, that prompted re-evaluation of earlier work on this system performed by Piantelli, and later claims by Defkalion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHcalorimetra.pdf | ||||||
| 2692 | Report | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2015 | A Brief History and Introduction to the International Conference Series | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | ICCF-19 Website | A Brief History and Introduction to the International Conference Series rganization of this document. This history is being written in sections. The first ?pisode? covers the foundational years, ICCF1 through ICCF3. In perusing the rich photographic library that documents all of the eighteen ICCF conferences to date, I decided to choose content based upon those images. For the first three conferences the photographic record is slight but informational content is high. This historical document is intended to be faithful and inclusive. Part of our intent is to feature the cold fusion warriors that are no longer with us. It is important to document how we came to today, to ICCF19 ? what forces were put in play to make the seemingly impossible transition from one conference to nineteen. In doing this the role of the International Advisory Committee (IAC) and the roles of the chairmen throughout the years are critical. | history | This is a six-part history of the ICCF conferences. It was originally uploaded to the ICCF-19 website. 1. ICCF1 to ICCF3 2. ICCF4 to ICCF6 3. ICCF7 to ICCF9 4. ICCF10 to ICCF12 5. ICCF13 to ICCF15 6. ICCF16 to ICCF18 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHabriefhist.pdf | |||||
| 2693 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2015 | Flux Effects in Metal Hydrogen Loading: Enhanced Mass Transfer | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Flux Effects in Metal Hydrogen Loading: Enhanced Mass Transfer | Deuterium, Flux, Loading, Palladium | SRI has shown over hundreds of electrochemical experiments that the Fleischmann?ons heat effect can be generated if high current, high loading and deuterium flux are present. Until the work of Dardik and the Energetics group, we were unable to generate the deuterium flux synthetically. Using Dardik's Superwave method to generate deuterium flux, we have shown that excess heat is regularly seen in PdDx electrolysis cells, given the appropriate cathode metallurgy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=8 | ||||||
| 2694 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2015 | Personal Recollections of John O'Hara Bockris | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | 11 Personal Recollections of John O'Hara Bockris | Graham Hills, John Bockris, John Tomlinson, Martin Fleischmann, Physical electrochemistry | Nobody contributed more to the development of physical electrochemistry than John Bockris. He did this directly through his thinking, research and teaching, and indirectly through his numerous publications and by taking responsibility for the training of the next generations of electrochemists in Europe, North America (twice) and Australia / New Zealand. My career might have been impossible, and would certainly have been greatly different, were it not for the direct and indirect contributions that John Bockris made to my life and learning. For this I am eternally grateful. Some details are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=16 | ||||||
| 2695 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2015 | Cold fusion: comments on the state of scientific proof | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 495 Cold fusion: comments on the state of scientific proof | Cold fusion, Fleischmann, Pons, scientific proof | ||||||||
| 2696 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2016 | Cold Fusion ? CMNS ? LENR; Past, Present and Projected Future Status | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 183 Cold Fusion ? CMNS ? LENR; Past, Present and Projected Future Status | Cold fusion, Excess heat, Helium, LENR, Reproducibility | A brief overview of the SRI effort over 26 years is provided as a precursor to suggestions on how we might best proceed to validate the vision of Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons, and proceed towards its logical conclusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=191 | ||||||
| 2697 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2017 | CMNS Research – Past, Present and Future | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | CMNS Research – Past, Present and Future | CMNS, Cold fusion, Excess heat, Helium, LENR, Tritium | As a community, we have invested a great deal of time and money in investigating claims of anomalous heat first asserted by Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons in 1989. Despite this effort, we remain unable to specify the phenomenon or phenomena revealed. Although it is clear within the LENR community that the effect is of nuclear origin and is exo-energetic, we have yet to define with confidence the pathway to practical technology that seemed implicit in the original announcement. Bringing this community together largely is the belief that such a path is possible, or even imminent. What is taking us so long? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=27 | ||||||
| 2698 | Journal Article | McKubre, M. C. H. | 2018 | LENR - What We must Do to Complete Martin Fleischmann's Undertaking | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | LENR - What We must Do to Complete Martin Fleischmann's Undertaking | Demonstration prototype, Fleischmann, Heat effect, Pons | It is clear to most who have studied the matter carefully that condensed matter nuclear science (CMNS) expresses a real and new phenomenon in physics. The efforts to communicate this reality outside a rather small group have not been very convincing. For something of such potential importance this dichotomy seems strange. How might we improve this situation? A working theory could certainly help, and better correlation between experimental variables, both input and output. A working demonstration that stood alone even as a toy could help facilitate communication directly with influential technical but non-specialist individuals and groups. Some thoughts on the possibilities and constraints are offered below. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 2699 | Journal Article | McNally, J. R. | 1989 | On the possibility of a nuclear mass-energy resonance in deuterium + deuterium reactions at low energy | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | On the possibility of a nuclear mass-energy resonance in deuterium + deuterium reactions at low energy | theory, resonance | ||||||||
| 2700 | Conference Proceedings | McNeil, J. A. | 1991 | Relativistic Hyperfine Interaction and the Spence-Vary Resonance | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 217 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Relativistic Hyperfine Interaction and the Spence-Vary Resonance | theory, ICCF-2, resonance | Spence and Vary have reported a resonance in calculations of positronium and hydrogen in the 'axion' (0-) channel. The energy and lifetime of the positronium resonances have led these authors to suggest this new state as an explanation for the anomalous e+ e- peaks seen at GSI^3 . They and others speculate that similar states in hydrogen may explain anomalous nuclear reactions reported in metal lattices at low temperatures ( 'cold fusion' ). Spence and Vary calculate the Bethe-Salpeter four-leg amplitude using a Blankenbechler-Sugar reduction. They use single photon exchange in Coulomb gauge for the kernel of their equations. Their results seem to depend critically on the use of this gauge. Attempts by others to reproduce their result in Feynman gauge have not been successful. The starting point in either calculation is gauge invariant so the reduction formalism must introduce spurious gauge dependence. Whether the results of Spence and Vary are spurious is not known at this time. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=232 | ||
| 2701 | Journal Article | Mebrahtu, T., Rodriguez, J. F., Bothwell, M. E., Cheng, I. F., Lawson, D. R., McBride, J. R., Martin, C. R., Soriaga, M. P. | 1989 | Observations on the surface composition of palladium cathodes after D2O electrolysis in LiOD solutions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 267 | Observations on the surface composition of palladium cathodes after D2O electrolysis in LiOD solutions | surface analysis, electrolysis, Pd, loading, D2O | ||||||||
| 2702 | Journal Article | Melendez, L., Chavez, E., Lopez, R., Cruz, G. J., Olayo, M. G. | 1998 | Titanium deuteration with neutron emission through electrical discharges | Fusion Technol., Vol = 35 | Titanium deuteration with neutron emission through electrical discharges | titanium, neutron, gas discharge, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 2703 | Conference Proceedings | Melich, M. E., Hansen, W. N. | 1992 | Some Lessons from 3 Years of Electrochemical Calorimetry | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 397 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Some Lessons from 3 Years of Electrochemical Calorimetry | critique, Harwell, heat, error, ICCF-3 | An analysis of the time series data from the 16 Harwell FPH electrochemical cells is being conducted. Using generally accepted calorimetric principles and detailed numerical analysis, the behavior of 'cold fusion' output data is used to estimate the instrumental sensitivity and the time varying accuracy of the results of the experiments. In Harwell's D2O Cell 3 there are more than ten time intervals where an unexplained power source or energy storage mechanism may be operating. A comparison to a previous analysis of Pons and Fleischmann data is made. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MelichMEsomelesson.pdf | ||
| 2704 | Conference Proceedings | Melich, M. E., Hansen, W. N. | 1993 | Back to the Future, The Fleischmann-Pons Effect in 1994 | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 10 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Back to the Future, The Fleischmann-Pons Effect in 1994 | review, critique, ICCF-4 | From its initial public announcement on 23 March 1989, the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (FPE) has been attributed to: nuclear fusion nuclear fission exotic chemistry some previously unidentified law of nature instrumental error. Highly public as well as private efforts were made in 1989 to decide if an FPE existed and if so, what caused it. This paper reevaluates some of the factual bases for the scientific and management judgments of 1989 with the advantage of what has been learned after four years of worldwide experimentation and analysis. We conclude that there is an FPE and its signature is heat. Data existed in 1989 that could have lead to this conclusion. The source of the excess heat is still not understood. Scientific progress was not made through this debate, which was largely uninformed by appropriate experimentation, and patent considerations may have played a determining role in the scientific progress associated with the FPE. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MelichMEbacktothef.pdf | |||
| 2705 | Journal Article | Mellican, R. E. | 1992 | From fusion frenzy to fraud: Reflections on science and its cultural norms | Bull. Sci. Tech. Soc., Vol = 12 | From fusion frenzy to fraud: Reflections on science and its cultural norms | history | ||||||||
| 2706 | Journal Article | Mendes, R. V. | 1991 | Ergodic motion and near collisions in a Coulomb system | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 5 | Ergodic motion and near collisions in a Coulomb system | theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 2707 | Conference Proceedings | Menegus, F. | 2009 | Nuclear and Electronic Structure of Atoms | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Nuclear and Electronic Structure of Atoms | The plot of Extra Neutron number against the Z number of natural elements reveals a trend that shows the same periodicity observed in the chemical properties of elements. Nuclei appears to direct the electronic structure of atoms. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=195 | |||||
| 2708 | Conference Proceedings | Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Riccardi, L., Buffa, A. | 1991 | Tritium and Neutron Emission in Conventional and Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis of D2O at Pd and Ti Cathodes | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 65 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Tritium and Neutron Emission in Conventional and Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis of D2O at Pd and Ti Cathodes | Pd, D2O neutron, tritium, titanium ICCF-2 | We recently found that the level of 3H in D2O / 0.1 M LiOD solutions electrolyzed at Pd sheet cathodes increased, although sporadically ? 20%), till a order of magnitude over background, we indeed used D2O with very low background. The surface of a Pd sheet cathode ( 1 x 1 x 0 .05 cm3) which gave apparent generation of 3H had developed localized swelling with deep pitting undemeath; if this phenomenon was relating with 3H, the latter was likely formed by means of a near-surface process, which might be easier to reproduce if electrodes of relatively larger dimensions are utilized. The experimental design adopted for the four conventional electrolytic runs hereafter described was mostly in agreement with the above consideration. We are also reporting on contact glow discharge electrolyses (CGDE) aimed at inducing critical conditions at/in the metal deuteride cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=80 | ||
| 2709 | Journal Article | Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Riccardi, L., Veronesi, F., Buffa, A. | 1991 | The observation of tritium in the electrolysis of D2O at palladium sheet electrodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 304 | The observation of tritium in the electrolysis of D2O at palladium sheet electrodes | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, tritium, loading | ||||||||
| 2710 | Journal Article | Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G., Riccardi, L., Buffa, A. | 1992 | Tritium and neutron emission in D2O electrolysis at Pd and Ti cathodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 322 | Tritium and neutron emission in D2O electrolysis at Pd and Ti cathodes | titanium, Pd, electrolysis, tritium, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 2711 | Journal Article | Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G. | 1993 | Surface and bulk effects in the extraction of hydrogen from highly loaded Pd sheet electrodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 350 | Surface and bulk effects in the extraction of hydrogen from highly loaded Pd sheet electrodes | Pd, loading, diffusion | ||||||||
| 2712 | Journal Article | Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Milli, E., Zannoni, G. | 1995 | Absorption-desorption of deuterium at Pd95%-Rh5% alloy. I: Environment and temperature effects | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 390 | Absorption-desorption of deuterium at Pd95%-Rh5% alloy. I: Environment and temperature effects | loading, Pd-Rh, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 2713 | Journal Article | Mengoli, G., Fabrizio, M., Manduchi, C., Milli, E., Zannoni, G. | 1995 | Absorption-desorption of deuterium at Pd95%-Rh5% alloy. II: Neutron emission | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 395 | Absorption-desorption of deuterium at Pd95%-Rh5% alloy. II: Neutron emission | Pd-Rh, neutron, electrolysis, loading, D2O | ||||||||
| 2714 | Conference Proceedings | Mengoli, G., Bernardini, M., Comisso, N., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G. | 1997 | The nickel-K2CO3, H2O system: an electrochemical and calorimetric examination | Asti Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Metals | Societa Italiana Di Fisica | The nickel-K2CO3, H2O system: an electrochemical and calorimetric examination | electrolysis, H2O, Ni, heat+ | |||||||
| 2715 | Journal Article | Mengoli, G., Bernardini, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G. | 1998 | Anomalous heat effects correlated with electrochemical hydriding of nickel | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 20 D | Anomalous heat effects correlated with electrochemical hydriding of nickel | electrolysis, H2O, Ni, heat+ | Summary. The hydrogen evolution reaction at sintered nickel in H2O-K2CO3 electrolyte was investigated by electrochemical and calorimetric techniques. Hydrogen evolution was accomplished with surface conversion of Ni into ?-Ni-hydride, the extent of this reaction being strongly enhanced by temperature. Isoperibolic or isothermal calorimetry measurements show that electrochemical hydriding, especially at a temperature close to the boiling point of the electrolyte, is paralleled by anomalous heat evolution in large excess of electric power input. Electrochemically activated Ni electrodes, led in open circuit, keep on doing heat. This is a confirmation of CNF in the Ni/light water system, but the Mills theory is rejected (a good brief history is provided). The authors note that this system shows better reproducibility than F&P-type heavy water systems but the Mills' theory is refuted by experiments of Piantelli where no alkali metal ions were involved. They first looked at hydriding of sintered and solid Ni, and found better loading in sintered Ni; this was used thereafter. The electrolyte was potassium carbonate, as well as sodium carbonate (according to Mills, not conducive to CNF; both worked). A single thermometer was used to measure the cell temperature. Evaporated water was refluxed back into the cell and mixing was assured by means of a constant influx of nitrogen bubbles. Both isothermal and non-isothermal calorimetry was used, at three working bath temperatures: 50C, 80C and 99C. Significant (up to 20-30 sigma) excess heat was found, increasing with temperature; but no blank controls were possible. Some (few) runs failed, producing no excess heat; in these, the cathodes were either preoxidised, or organic impurities had been in these cells. Thus, surface treatment is important. There was a marked after-effect, i.e. excess heat after current cut-off. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MengoliGanomaloush.pdf | ||||||
| 2716 | Journal Article | Mengoli, G., Bernardini, M., Manduchi, C., Zannoni, G. | 1998 | Calorimetry close to the boiling temperature of the D2O/Pd electrolytic system | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 444 | Calorimetry close to the boiling temperature of the D2O/Pd electrolytic system | Calorimetry; Temperature; D20/Pd electrolytic system | The electrolytic insertion of deuterium into Pd at 95? was investigated by a simple calorimetric technique. This involved continuous feeding of heating power to the electrolytic cell to maintain it isothermal with an external thermostatic bath: any extraneous thermal phenomenon taking place inside the cell is directly determined by the lack of balance of the original heating power input. It was thus found that Pd loading by deuterium is always paralleled by excess power generation, which largely exceeds the electrolytic power input. After prolonged electrolysis the loaded electrodes were found to continue heat generation in open circuit (o.c.) conditions. The reproducibility of the thermal phenomenon allowed its dependence on several experimental parameters to be investigated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MengoliGcalorimetr.pdf | ||||||
| 2717 | Conference Proceedings | Menlove, H. O., Fowler, M. M., Garcia, E., Mayer, A., Miller, M. C., Ryan, R. R. | 1989 | Measurement of Neutron Emission From Cylinders Containing Titanium With Pressurized Deuterium Gas | Workshop on Cold Fusion Phenomena | Santa Fe, NM | May 23, 1989 | Measurement of Neutron Emission From Cylinders Containing Titanium With Pressurized Deuterium Gas | titanium D2, Pd, neutron | ||||||
| 2718 | Conference Proceedings | Menlove, H. O. | 1990 | High-Sensitivity Measurements of Neutron Emission From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 250 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | High-Sensitivity Measurements of Neutron Emission From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas | neutron, titanium, D2 ICCF-1 | Recent measurements of neutron emission from Ti metal in pressurized D2 gas have established the multiplicity distribution of neutron bursts emitted from the samples. A new 3He detector system with high sensitivity has been used to lower the detection limit so that small bursts emitting from 2-10 n can be distinguished from the cosmic-ray background. The frequency distribution of the neutrons indicates that the lower multiplicities occur much more frequently than the higher multiplicities as shown in Fig. 1. The improved sensitivity in our new detector system was obtained by using low radioactive background stainless-steel tubes, a small detector volume with high efficiency, and additional cosmic ray shielding. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=269 | ||
| 2719 | Conference Proceedings | Menlove, H. O., Paciotti, M. A., Claytor, T. N., Maltrud, H. R., Rivera, O. M., Tuggle, D. G., Jones, S. E. | 1990 | Reproducible Neutron Emission Measurements From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 287 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Reproducible Neutron Emission Measurements From Ti Metal in Pressurized D2 Gas | titanium, D2, neutron | During the past year, we have measured neutron emission from samples of titanium (Ti) metal and sponge in pressurized D2 gas. In January 1990, we improved our sample preparation procedure and our detector sensitivity level so that the neutron-emission measurements are now reproducible, but not yet predictable. We have measured excess neutron emission from the majority of our most recent samples using our high-sensitivity neutron detectors. The improved sensitivity in our new detector system was obtained by using low-radioactive-background stainless steel tubes, a small detector volume with high efficiency, and additional cosmic-ray shielding. Our most sensitive detector consists of two independent segments making up inner and outer rings of 3He tubes. The combined total efficiency is 44%. In addition to inner and outer ring segments, we have three separate detector systems operating in parallel control experiments to monitor environmental change. We have measured neutron bursts from a variety of samples containing Ti metal and D2 gas. The low-multiplicity bursts, emitting from 2 to 10 n, occur much more frequently than the higher multiplicity bursts. By measuring high-mass samples (300 g Ti) over several weeks, with many liquid nitrogen temperature cycles, we have detected neutron emission above the background from most of the samples with a significance level of 3 to 9 σ. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MenloveHOreproducib.pdf | ||
| 2720 | Journal Article | Menlove, H. O., Fowler, M. M., Garcia, E., Mayer, A., Miller, M. C., Ryan, R. R., Jones, S. E. | 1990 | The measurement of neutron emission from Ti plus D2 gas | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | The measurement of neutron emission from Ti plus D2 gas | titanium, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 2721 | Journal Article | Menlove, H. O., Fowler, M. M., Garcia, E., Miller, M. C., Paciotti, M. A., Ryan, R. R., Jones, S. E. | 1990 | Measurement of neutron emission from Ti and Pd in pressurized D2 gas and D2O electrolysis cells | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 495 | Measurement of neutron emission from Ti and Pd in pressurized D2 gas and D2O electrolysis cells | Pd, titanium, electrolysis, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 2722 | Journal Article | Menlove, H. O., Miller, M. C. | 1990 | Neutron-burst detectors for cold-fusion experiments | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 299 | Neutron-burst detectors for cold-fusion experiments | neutron, titanium, method, D2 | ||||||||
| 2723 | Conference Proceedings | Menlove, H. O., Paciotti, M. A., Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G. | 1991 | Low-background Measurements of Neutron Emission from Ti Metal in Pressurized Deuterium Gas | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 385 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Low-background Measurements of Neutron Emission from Ti Metal in Pressurized Deuterium Gas | titanium, D2, neutron method ICCF-2 | A wide variety of neutron detector systems have been used at vari?us research facilities to search for anomalous neutron emission from deuterated metals. Some of these detector systems are summarized here together with possible sources of spurious signals from electronic noise. During the past two years, we have performed experiments to measure neutron emission from pressurized D2 gas mixed with various forms of titanium metal chips and sponge. Details concerning the neutron detec?ors, experimental procedures, and results have been reported previ?usly. Our recent experiments have focused on increasing the low-level neutron emission and finding a way to trigger the emission. To improve our detection sensitivity, we have increased the shielding in our count?ng laboratory, changed to low-background 3He tubes, and set up addi?ional detector systems in deep underground counting stations. This re?ort is an update on this experimental work. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MenloveHOlowbackgro.pdf | ||
| 2724 | Journal Article | Merriman, B., Burchard, P. | 1996 | An attempted replication of the CETI cold fusion experiment | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, \'The Science of Cold Fusion\', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 385 | An attempted replication of the CETI cold fusion experiment | CETI, replication, Ni, H2O | ||||||||
| 2725 | Journal Article | Metzler, F., Hagelstein, P. L., Lu, S. | 2017 | Developing Phonon?uclear Coupling Experiments with Vibrating Plates and Radiation Detectors | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Developing Phonon?uclear Coupling Experiments with Vibrating Plates and Radiation Detectors | Karabut experiment, kHz and MHz transducers, Phonon-nulcear coupling, Radiation detection, Up-conversion | Excess heat has been reported in cold fusion experiments since 1989; however, there is at present no accepted explanation for what mechanisms are involved. Over the past decades a general theory has been developed which seems applicable to excess heat and other anomalies systematically; but in this case we do not yet have unambiguous experimental support for the Phonon-nulcear coupling and enhanced up-conversion and down-conversion mechanism. This has motivated experimental studies with which we hope to develop relevant experimental results from which clear tests of theory can be made. A facility has been developed with which we are able to induce vibrations in metal plates from about 10 kHz up to about 10 MHz and then measure the relative displacement. With a high-power piezo transducer we have driven a steel plate at 2.23 MHz to produce a vibrational power of 100 W. We are able to detect X-rays with film, scintillator and camera, with low-cost sensitive scintillator/PMT detectors, and with an Amptek X-123 detector. We also have detectors that can see gamma and neutron emission. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=110 | ||||||
| 2726 | Journal Article | Metzler, F., Hagelstein, P. L., Lu, S. | 2018 | Observation of Non-exponential Decay in X-ray and gamma Emission Lines from Co-57 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Observation of Non-exponential Decay in X-ray and gamma Emission Lines from Co-57 | Anomaly, Co-57, Excitation transfer, Non-exponential decay, Phonon-nulcear coupling | On May 20, 2017, we started a series of experiments with the goal of observing vibrationally induced excitation transfer of the 14.4 keV nuclear state from excited Fe-57 to ground state Fe-57 nuclei. A steel plate with a Co-57 substrate on the front surface was vibrated by a piezoelectric transducer near 2.21 MHz; and emission in the X-ray region was recorded with an Amptek X-123 detector on the front side, a scintillator/photomultiplier detector on the back side, and a Geiger counter on the back side. The experiments provided a negative result for the originally sought ultrasonically induced excitation transfer effect, but instead showed non-exponential time histories for photon counts on all three detectors. Specifically, increased emission of the 14.4 keV gamma, Fe K-alpha and K-beta X-rays was observed at early time. This enhancement was present at the start of the experiments at about 19% above expected levels for the 14.4 keV gamma, and about 17% for the Fe K-alpha, with the enhancement decaying away with a time constant of about 2.5 days. Emission on the Sn K-alpha was consistent with the expected exponential decay of Co-57 at the 1% level. Non-exponential decay with an enhancement at early time was also seen for the weak Fe K-alpha escape peak, and in the backside Geiger counter data; and a reduction at early times was seen on the higher energy channels of the scintillator/photomultiplier detector counter both looking at the back side. The observed non-exponential decay is connected with the tightening of bolts on wooden clamps on the corners of the steel plate, which apply mechanical stress to the sample. Candidate interpretations are considered, in which the stress induced in the steel results in scattering and generation of THz phonons by dislocations, and in which Phonon-nulcear coupling mediated by THz phonons leads to the transfer of nuclear excitation to other nuclei ('excitation transfer'), which can cause spatial delocalization of the source and angular anisotropy of the photon emission. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=52 | ||||||
| 2727 | Conference Proceedings | Meulenberg, A., Sinha, K. P. | 2009 | Tunneling Beneath the 4He Fragmentation Energy (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Tunneling Beneath the 4He Fragmentation Energy (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | At ICCF-14, we presented the means whereby the repulsive Coulomb barrier between hydrogen (deuterium) nuclei is reduced in length, perhaps by orders of magnitude. This mechanism, involving optical phonons and electric fields (internally or externally generated) in a lattice that induce the formation of H- H+ (D- D+) pairs, increases the tunneling probability by more than 100 orders of magnitude. It has additional major consequences. The lattice constraints and collision processes force the ions into a temporary, but cyclic, 1-D configuration that greatly deepens the electron ground-state potential well. The tightly-bound and energetic electron pair (a local-charged Boson - the lochon) becomes more than strong screening, it becomes a binding force between the nuclei. Thus, the Coulomb-barrier height is reduced as well as its length. With this greatly enhanced barrier-penetration probability, the energy level of nuclei with reasonable tunneling probability drops from the multi-100 keV range down into the eV range. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Meulenbergtunnelingb.pdf | ||||
| 2728 | Conference Proceedings | Meulenberg, A., Sinha, K. P. | 2009 | Tunneling beneath the 4He* fragmentation energy | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Tunneling beneath the 4He* fragmentation energy | The repulsive Coulomb barrier between deuterium nuclei is reduced in length and height by a catalytic mechanism involving optical phonons and electric fields in a lattice. If the mechanism induces the formation of D- D+ pairs, the tightly-bound and energetic electron pair (in the D- ion) becomes a binding force between the nuclei. The lattice constraints and slow collision processes, force the ions into a near 1-D configuration that deepens the electron ground-state potential well. This permits the electron pair to remain closely bound to one deuteron and to do work in bringing the D- D+ pair together. These tightly-bound electrons may remain as a pair, attached to a single deuteron, during the fusion process. In reducing the Coulomb repulsion of the nuclear protons, these electrons bring down the total energy of the fusing D- D+ pair and raise the fragmentation energy level. This process accounts for the observations in CMNS of excess heat (in both p-p and d-d reactions) and for the differing observations (or their absence) of tritium, 3He, neutrons, and 4He in the d-d reaction. Thus, all major observed CMNS processes are explained. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=154 | |||||
| 2729 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Sinha, K. P. | 2011 | Tunneling Beneath the 4He* Fragmentation Energy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Tunneling Beneath the 4He* Fragmentation Energy | CMNS, Catalyst, Deuterium, LENR, Phonon-assisted, Tight-binding | The repulsive Coulomb barrier between deuterium nuclei is reduced in length and height by a catalytic mechanism involving optical phonons and electric fields in a lattice. If this mechanism induces the formation of D- D+ pairs, the tightly bound and energetic electron pair (a ??ochon? in the D- ion) becomes an attractive force between the nuclei. The lattice constraints and slow collision processes force the ions into a near 1-D configuration within the lattice that deepens the electron ground-state potential well. This permits the electron pair to remain closely bound to one deuteron and to do work in bringing the D- D+ pair together. The work done reduces the nuclear-mass deficit (transferring it to electron kinetic and field energy) and that, along with the reduced Coulomb repulsion of the nuclear protons, brings down the helium nuclear-energy levels of the fusing pair and raises the 4He fragmentation level. The proposed model accounts for the observations in condensed-matter nuclear science (CMNS) of excess heat (in both p-p and d-d reactions) and the differing observations (or for the absence) of tritium, 3He, neutrons, and 4He. The variation (unpredictability) of results (inherent in the many experiments) and evidence for transmutation, heretofore stumbling blocks to acceptability of CMNS, is now perhaps a validation of its existence. All major observed CMNS processes are addressed by the model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=249 | ||||||
| 2730 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A. | 2013 | Review of Storms Paper | Infinite Energy | 37 Review of Storms Paper theory | theory, critique | Edmund Storms? paper, ?old Fusion from a Chemist's Point of View,? has some serious flaws, but it also has some good points. A major flaw of the paper is its dependence on a hypothesis of ?wo-in-two-out.? The argument is flawed and is based on physics quite different than that suggested in the paper. It is used throughout the paper and, by it being incorrect, thereby vitiates the value of the paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Meulenbergreviewofst.pdf | ||||||
| 2731 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A. | 2013 | From the Naught Orbit to the 4He Excited State | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 10 | From the Naught Orbit to the 4He Excited State | Electron-capture, Internal-conversion, LENR, Lochon, Muon-catalysis, Naught-orbit | An electron pair (lochon) in a deep hydrogen ??aught' orbit (n = 0) has similarities to muonic hydrogen in that it has a small orbital radius that allows the protons in molecular hydrogen to be very much closer together than is possible in a normal molecule. There are also significant differences between lochon- and muon-catalyzed fusion (e.g., one leads to ?old' fusion and the other the ?ot' fusion). However, since muon-catalyzed fusion is an accepted phenomenon and Lattice-assisted Nuclear Reaction (LANR) or Low-energy Nuclear Reaction ( LENR) is not, we will examine the similarities and differences in various mechanisms with the fusion of deuterons in mind. We start with the assumption that both solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation are actually real and the one that has here-to-for been rejected correctly identifies a single deep orbit below the n = 1 ground state. (It is generally accepted that, at least for spinless bosons such as the lochon, this solution of the Klein-Gordon equation holds.) We then compare the creation model and characteristics of these two naught orbits with those of the muonic orbits (both atomic and molecular). The similarities lead both naught-orbit and muonic-orbit molecules to fusion. The differences lead the non-relativistic (but >100 MeV excess energy) muon-induced fusion of deuterons to the fragmentation of excited helium nuclei and the relativistic (but <10 eV excess energy) lochon-induced D-D fusion to an excited helium 4He* state that is below these fragmentation levels. The reason for this different response to the respective 'tight' orbits is described along with some of the consequences, e.g., electron capture. In addition, internal conversion, a known physical process involving nucleon interaction with atomic electrons, is compared with the Extended Lochon Model to provide a means of de-exciting 4He* without production of energetic particles or radiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedi.pdf#page=20 | ||||||
| 2732 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A. | 2014 | Femto-Atoms and transmutation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 346-356 Femto-Atoms and transmutation | Deep-electron levels, Femto-atoms, Fusion, Transmutation | The low-energy nuclear-reaction fusion process for a deep-electron orbit femto-hydrogen atom, H# , with an atomic nucleus yields new isotopes and femto-atoms. The multi-body interaction, strong near-field radiation from tightly bound electrons, and low input energies, make energetic particle emission less common than for normal fusion or neutron-activation processes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=356 | ||||||
| 2733 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Sinha, A. | 2014 | New Visions of Physics through the Microscope of Cold Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 378-391 New Visions of Physics through the Microscope of Cold Fusion | Theory | Cold-Fusion (CF) Research is not hindered as much by what we do not know as it is by what we know too well. This paper identifies several standard physics models, which must be extended beyond present practice, and indicates condensed-matter nuclear science (CMNS) work in this direction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=388 | ||||||
| 2734 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Sinha, A. | 2014 | Deep-Orbit-Electron Radiation Emission in Decay from 4H* to 4He | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | Deep-orbit-electron radiation emission in decay from 4H* to 4He | Theory | The process of nuclear energy transfer to the lattice involves near-field electromagnetic coupling of energy from energetic charged nuclei to deep-Dirac level electrons. From there, the energetic electrons near-field and far-field couple energy into adjacent Pd-bound electrons causing intense local ionization, but no energetic radiation beyond the multi-keV level. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=367 | ||||||
| 2735 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Sinha, A. | 2014 | Deep-electron orbits in cold fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 368-377 Deep-electron orbits in cold fusion | Theory | The lochon models of cold fusion, among others, propose deep-energy electrons as necessary for low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR). Relativistic Schrodinger equations, e.g., the Klein-Gordon (K-G) and Dirac equations, have ?????rregular????? solutions that predict such levels at ~500 keV. The basis for such a level and its implications are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=378 | ||||||
| 2736 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A. | 2015 | Femto-Helium and PdD Transmutation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 106 Femto-Helium and PdD Transmutation | Femto-atoms, Femto-molecules, Deep-Dirac levels, Neutral-alpha, Selective fusion | Extensive evidence exists for cold fusion to produce transmutation products as well as excess heat. This paper deals with the palladium?euteride (PdD) structure that is generally modeled with a deuterium-to-helium (D + D ) 4He) cold-fusion process. How this process results in transmutation is based on the extended-lochon model that predicts deep-orbit electrons that are tightly bound to the 4He nucleus and thus make the equivalent of a neutralized alpha particle. This model is compared with the NiH system (H + H)D, H##2 , or 2H#/ described earlier and distinguishes long-range from short-range transmutation (distance from the fusion site) as well as the relative excess energies from fusion vs. transmutation. The model predicts the probable transmutation process(es) and products in the palladium system and explains other observed results of cold-fusion experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=113 | ||||||
| 2737 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A. | 2015 | Pictorial Description for LENR in Linear Defects of a Lattice | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 117 Pictorial Description for LENR in Linear Defects of a Lattice | Cold fusion, Coulomb potential, Linear array, Nuclear Coulomb potential, Spin?pin coupling Variable lattice spacing | This note provides a pictorial description of several new concepts in low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) and thereby provides an image for both theoreticians and experimentalists to better grasp the differences with the old. Recent work on the concept of a ??inear hydrogen molecule within a lattice defect? is emphasized by showing how the interatomic spacing of the unusual molecule is no longer bound by the lattice spacing. A concept of the nature of the Coulomb potential for finite-sized charges at nuclear distances is pictured so that people stop clinging to the point- and separated-charge descriptions that are no longer appropriate. A known force, spin-spin coupling, may be important when dimensions approach those of the nucleus. The strong magnetic moment of the electron, indicating the importance of this effect at larger distances, is also pictured. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=124 | ||||||
| 2738 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A. | 2015 | Radiation Coupling: Nuclear Protons to Deep-Orbit-Electrons, then to the Lattice | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 125 Radiation Coupling: Nuclear Protons to Deep-Orbit-Electrons, then to the Lattice | Cold fusion, Deep-Dirac levels, Non-photonic coupling, Nucleon radiation, Potential shapes | This paper [1] explores the properties of the tightly bound electrons predicted by the anomalous solution to the Dirac equations. Starting with the assumption that electrons can exist in these deep-Dirac levels (DDLs) with orbits in the femtometer range and 500 keV binding energies, the electromagnetic radiation fields and their coupling to both nuclear and atomic-electrons are identified. The shapes of both the nuclear potentials and the potential at the bottom of the Coulomb regime have a major role in the coupling between excited nucleons and the DDL electrons. The many orders-of-magnitude differences in frequency of the nucleons, the DDL electrons, and the atomic electrons account for the small interactions under normal circumstances. The changes in these frequencies in radioactive nuclides and for excitation of the DDL electrons account for many of the observed phenomena in cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=132 | ||||||
| 2739 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A. | 2015 | Extensions to physics: what cold fusion teaches | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 499 Extensions to physics: what cold fusion teaches | |||||||||
| 2740 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Paillet, J-L. | 2016 | Nature of the Deep-Dirac Levels | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 192 Nature of the Deep-Dirac Levels | Anomalous solution, Dirac equations, Electron deep levels, Hydrogen atom, Relativity | Maly and Va??ra (M&V) in 1993 and 1995 presented a computational evaluation of the Dirac equations that included the ?nomalous? solution. The regular solutions of these equations are the basis for modern quantum mechanical predictions for comparison with the experimental values of atomic-electron orbital energies. The other solution, discussed in the literature for over 55 years, is relativistic and considered anomalous because its predicted levels are very deep (up to 511 keV) and have never been observed. Nevertheless, the existence of these deep levels provides a ready explanation of the mechanism for penetration of the Coulomb barrier and the means of D? fusion below the 4He fragmentation levels. Since these levels also provide the basis for all of the other cold fusion observations (both PdD and NiH systems), it is important that arguments for and against the Dirac model be examined. The theoretical support for this anomalous solution is provided in a companion paper in this conference. This presentation seeks: to update the deep-orbit information provided in a poster at ICCF-17, to describe the nature of these deep?irac levels (DDLs), to report on additional, but unpublished, results presented by Va??ra in 1998, and to correct some interpretations of the model that Va??ra has provided in 2013. There are some unusual properties of the DDLs relative to those of the known atomic orbitals. Interpretation of the DDL properties, based on the non-relativistic solutions, leads to misunderstandings and further rejection of the concept of the deep levels. We hope to clarify this situation and indicate the importance of the calculations for cold fusion models. Cold fusion results provide a basis for understanding the DDLs and the proposed new fields of femto-physics and femto-chemistry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=200 | ||||||
| 2741 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Paillet, J-L. | 2016 | Basis for Femto-molecules and -Ions Created from Femto-atoms | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 202 Basis for Femto-molecules and -Ions Created from Femto-atoms | Deep-Dirac levels, Femto-hydrides, Halo nuclei, Isotopic anomalies, Medium-range nuclear binding | Starting with the assumption of validity of the Dirac equations (relativistic quantum mechanics), which are fundamental to much of atomic physics today, we also assume that the anomalous solutions to these equations are valid. If they are valid, then short-lived femto-atoms with electron orbitals in the low femto-meter range should exist. If femto-atoms exist, then the existence of femtomolecules could be expected. This paper addresses the possibility and nature of the femto-molecules and the nature of the forces creating them. The approach is that of Feynman's molecular-hydrogen ion derivation using the Yukawa potential. The result is a molecular ion with femto-meter order spacing between the nuclei and an attractive potential identical with a medium-range Yukawa potential for an exchange particle with the mass of an electron. There are significant implications for both cold fusion and for nuclear physics and chemistry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=210 | ||||||
| 2742 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Paillet, J-L. | 2017 | Implications of the Electron Deep Orbits for Cold Fusion and Physics ? Deep-orbit-electron Models in LENR: Present and Future | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Implications of the Electron Deep Orbits for Cold Fusion and Physics ? Deep-orbit-electron Models in LENR: Present and Future | Femto-atoms, 500 keV binding energies, Near-field interactions, Nuclear remediation, Relativistic bound electrons, Sub-restmass nucleons, Transmutation | Relativistic deep-orbit electrons (D-O-Es) have previously been identified as the probable mechanism in the development of lowenergy nuclear reaction (LENR) theories based on experimental Cold Fusion (CF) results. This present paper highlights how relativity and the near-field interactions (of deep-orbit electrons with both the nucleus and the lattice) predict accepted and many reported, but not-yet-accepted, CF observations. Included in the former category are: all of the new fragmentation ratios for the D+D => 4He CF nuclear reaction; a high-probability p?? => d reaction; a ?ast? decay process for transitions from excited to ground nuclear states; and a means of transferring excess nuclear energy to the lattice. Included in the latter category are: energy transfer from s-orbit atomic electrons to low-lying nuclear states; the formation of femto-atoms and femto-molecules ? a basis for transmutations without the known ?ard? radiation (particulate or photonic) characteristic of neutron activation processes; selective attraction of femto-atoms/molecules to radio-nuclides (nuclear remediation); and the ?referred? transmutation pathways in CF. Other effects, based on the published deep-orbit models, are predicted. Because of the successes of these models in explaining so much of CF, their mathematical basis is presently being explored beyond previous work(s). The physical bases for, and the consequences of, the mathematical predictions are proposed and described here. These include: special relativity and binding energy; the deBroglie term and spin-axis precessions; the deep-orbit quantum number, k; and deep-level splitting from spin??rbit, spin?pin, momentum and magnetic interactions. Theoretical concepts such as: symmetry breaking, ?equestration?, and elementary-particle mass changes to below their rest mass are also addressed. The new results and their interpretation, while incomplete, provide both satisfaction (in resolving prior issues) and surprises (in the magnitude and variety of near-nuclear effects). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=226 | ||||||
| 2743 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Paillet, J-L. | 2017 | Physical Reasons for Accepting the Deep-Dirac Levels? Physical Reality vs Mathematical Models in LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Physical Reasons for Accepting the Deep-Dirac Levels? Physical Reality vs Mathematical Models in LENR | Deep-electron orbits, Hydrogen atom, Relativistic equations, Singularities | Limitations to contemporary models of Coulomb and nuclear interactions have previously been identified in the development of low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) theories based on experimental Cold Fusion (CF) results. However, relativistic quantum mechanics has already provided a means to overcome these limitations. Nevertheless, this ?nomalous? solution has been repeatedly rejected, based on the mathematical formalism of an assumed singular potential, simply because it has not been necessary heretofore in the description of available physical data. The physical realities of a non-singular potential and its interaction with a relativistic electron are not new physics and provide a solid theoretical basis for CF (as indicated in another paper in this conference, and the references therein) and for new fields in femto-physics and nuclear chemistry. This present paper is essentially a reasoned complaint against those critics who proclaim the limitations of the anomalous solution, yet ignore the inapplicability of their chosen potential to the real world where they claim the solution(s) fail. It also castigates those physicists who accept the mathematical limitations as applicable to the real world even when presented with the evidence of assumptions made where they are no longer valid. The paper picks a few of these alleged limitations and shows how relativity and near-field interactions alter predictions based on the mathematical models and approximations used to characterize the conventionally accepted observations. It identifies where the simple models fail, or violate physical reality, and points to the implications of extending the models to better fit the real world and to properly understand the physical mechanism(s) involved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=242 | ||||||
| 2744 | Journal Article | Meulenberg, A., Paillet, J-L. | 2019 | Theoretical basis for Nuclear-waste Remediation with Femto-atoms and Femto-molecules | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Theoretical basis for Nuclear-waste Remediation with Femto-atoms and Femto-molecules | Cold fusion, Deep-orbit electrons, Lienard-Wiechert potentials, Relativistic equations, Selective transmutation | The relativistic quantum mechanics equations for atoms predict deep electron orbits with radii in the femto-meter range in addition to the known atomic orbitals. In prior papers, we have explored a model for the deep-orbit solutions of these relativistic equations and of the resulting hydrogen and helium femto-atoms (and even femto-molecules). One prediction of this model, based on observations from successful cold fusion (CF) results and previously mentioned, is that of hard-radiation-free transmutation. An extension of this important feature is that of the relativistic long-range electromagnetic forces of the deep-orbit electrons that can draw a femto-atom or molecule through a lattice to an excited or unstable nucleus. The earlier papers on this topic assumed the deep-orbit electrons to have kinetic energies in the 1?2 MeV range. Our recent work has replaced and/or augmented the low-MeV range with ~100 MeV values. These highly relativistic electrons create basically the same remediation characteristics as those at 1?2 MeV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=362 | ||||||
| 2745 | Conference Proceedings | Meyerhof, W. E. | 1990 | Statistical Analysis of a Cold Fusion Experiment | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 309 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Statistical Analysis of a Cold Fusion Experiment | critique, Yagi | ||||
| 2746 | Journal Article | Meyerhof, W. E. | 1991 | Statistical Analysis of a 'Cold Fusion' experiment | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 153 | Statistical Analysis of a 'Cold Fusion' experiment | critique, Yagi | ||||||||
| 2747 | Journal Article | Miao, B. | 1994 | Experimental exploration on the possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice | Xibei Shifan Xuebao. Ziran Kexueban, Vol = 30, Num = 1, Page = 39 (in Chinese) | Experimental exploration on the possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice | electrolysis, titanium, D2O, heat | ||||||||
| 2748 | Journal Article | Miao, B. | 1994 | Experimental exploration on possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice | Xibei Shifan Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, Vol = 30 | Experimental exploration on possible mechanism of D-D cold fusion in titanium lattice | electrolysis, heat tritium, neutron, titanium Helium | ||||||||
| 2749 | Journal Article | Michrowski, A. | 1996 | Advanced transmutation processes and their application for the decontamination of radioactive nuclear waste | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 122 | Advanced transmutation processes and their application for the decontamination of radioactive nuclear waste | transmutation, Brown's gas, reduce radioactivity | ||||||||
| 2750 | Journal Article | Middleton, R., Klein, J., Fink, D. | 1990 | Tritium measurements with a tandem accelerator | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, Vol = 47 | Tritium measurements with a tandem accelerator | tritium, method, titanium, D2 TiD | ||||||||
| 2751 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Park, K. H., Stilwell, D. E. | 1990 | Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies of the Cold Fusion Effect | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 328 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies of the Cold Fusion Effect | heat, Pd, D2O, method, electrolysis, ICCF-1 | Several types of calorimetric cell designs were used in attempts to measure excess enthalpy during the electrolysis of LiOD/D2O using palladium cathodes. Control experiments were run by using light water in place of D2O or by using platinum cathodes in place of palladium. Initial experiments using thin palladium cathodes of an unknown purity gave no significant differences between the Pd/D2O cells and the controls. For example, the ratio of heat out to Joule heat in was 1.00 ?0.04 for one study and 1.065 ?0.04 for another study in LiOD/D2O compared to 1.075 ?0.07 in LiOH/H2O. The use of a much thicker palladium rod (99.96%, d = 0.635 cm) from Johnson Matthey, however, resulted in calorimetric evidence for excess enthalpy in five out of six cells. The excess rate of heating averaged 0.39 W/cm^3 over a 9-day period in one experiment. The total excess enthalpy observed was 110,000 J. This excess enthalpy is difficult to explain by chemical reactions. Similar experiments conducted in H2O did not produce significant amounts of excess enthalpy. Possible experimental errors in these calorimetric studies are being investigated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMelectrochea.pdf | ||
| 2752 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Miles, R. E. | 1990 | Theoretical neutron flux levels, dose rates, and metal foil activation in electrochemical cold fusion experiments | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 295 | Theoretical neutron flux levels, dose rates, and metal foil activation in electrochemical cold fusion experiments | theory, neutron, method | ||||||||
| 2753 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Park, K. H., Stilwell, D. E. | 1990 | Electrochemical calorimetric evidence for cold fusion in the palladium-deuterium system | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 296 | Electrochemical calorimetric evidence for cold fusion in the palladium-deuterium system | heat+, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O, tritium | ||||||||
| 2754 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Bush, B. F., Ostrom, G. S., Lagowski, J. J. | 1991 | Heat and Helium Production in Cold Fusion Experiments | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 363 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Heat and Helium Production in Cold Fusion Experiments | heat+ Helium Pd D2O electrolysis | A critical issue in determining whether or not the cold fusion process exists is the measurement of nuclear products in amounts sufficient to match the excess heat effects. Calorimetric evidence of excess heat up to 27% was measured during the electrolysis of heavy water using palladium cathodes. Effluent gas samples collected during episodes of excess heat production and sent to the University of Texas for analysis by mass spectrometry showed the presence of 4He. Furthermore, the amount of helium detected correlated approximately with the amount of excess heat and was within an order of magnitude of the theoretical estimate of helium production based upon fusion of deuterium to form 4He. Control experimentS performed exactly the same but using H2O + LiOH in place of 020 + LiOD gave no evidence for helium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=378 | ||
| 2755 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Bush, B. F. | 1992 | Search for Anomalous Effects Involving Excess Power and Helium During D2O Electrolysis Using Palladium Cathodes | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 189 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Search for Anomalous Effects Involving Excess Power and Helium During D2O Electrolysis Using Palladium Cathodes | helium Pd D2O heat+ electrolysis ICCF-3 | Eight electrolysis gas samples collected during episodes of excess power production in two identical cells showed the presence of 4He. Six control samples gave no evidence for helium. Various studies of helium diffusion into our Pyrex glass sample flasks established a minimum helium detection limit of 3 x 10^13 4He/500 mL (3 ppb) for our experiments. This places our rate of 4He production at 10^11 - 10^12 4He/s * W which is the correct magnitude for typical fusion reactions that yield helium as a product. Simultaneous evidence for excess power, helium production, and anomalous radiation was present in these experiments. Progress relating to helium measurements have been hindered by difficulties in obtaining large excess power effects. Cells yielded heat and an amount of He-4 of the correct magnitude. A GM counter and X-ray film showed the presence of radiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=195 | ||
| 2756 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Bush, B. F. | 1992 | Calorimetric Principles and Problems in Pd-D2O Electrolysis | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 113 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Calorimetric Principles and Problems in Pd-D2O Electrolysis | error critique, heat+ ICCF-3 | Most of the laboratories involved with the question of excess enthalpy in Pd-D2O electrolysis experiments have employed isoperibolic calorimetric techniques. A careful re-examination of earlier results from several laboratories (California Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harwell Laboratory) is needed in terms of our present understanding of electrochemical calorimetry. Error sources in their experiments are discussed. There is possible evidence for excess power production in the Pd-D2O electrolysis experiments at one of these laboratories. A significant experimental problem in many isoperibolic calorimetric studies is the fact that the decrease in the electrolyte level due to electrolysis produces a significant decrease in the calorimetric cell constant if the temperature is measured in the electrolyte of the electrochemical cell. Furthermore, heat conduction pathways out of the top of the cell can produce large errors, especially at low power levels. There is no steady state in electrochemical calorimetry, hence accurate results require the evaluation of all terms in the differential equation governing the calorimeter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcalorimetr.pdf | ||
| 2757 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Jones, C. P. | 1992 | Cold fusion experimenter Miles responds to critic | 21st Century Sci. & Technol., Vol = Spring | Cold fusion experimenter Miles responds to critic | critique Jones Miles, He heat | ||||||||
| 2758 | Personal Communication | Miles, M. | 1993 | Letter to Steven E. Jones | 21st Century Sci. & Technol., Vol = Spring | Letter to Steven E. Jones | |||||||||
| 2759 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Bush, B. F. | 1993 | Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 6 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium | D2O heat+, electrolysis, helium Pd ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2760 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Hollins, R. A., Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J., Miles, R. E. | 1993 | Correlation of excess power and helium production during D2O and H2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 346 | Correlation of excess power and helium production during D2O and H2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes | heat+ electrolysis Pd, D2O, He layer, H2O tritium | A critical issue in determining whether or not the anomalous effects that occur during D2O electrolysis are of nuclear origin is the measurement of nuclear products in amounts sufficient to explain the rate of excess enthalpy generation. Calorimetric evidence of excess power up to 27% was measured during the electrolysis of heavy water using palladium cathodes. Maximum excess power was 0.52 W (1.5 W/cm^3) at 250 mA/cm^2. Eight electrolysis gas samples collected during episodes of excess power production in two identical cells and analysed by mass spectrometry showed the presence of 4He. Furthermore, the amount of helium detected correlated qualitatively with the amount of excess power and was within an order of magnitude of the theoretical estimate of helium production based upon fusion of deuterium to form 4He. Any production of 3He or neutrons in these experiments was below our detection limits. However, the exposure of dental X-ray films placed outside the cells suggests the emission of radiation. Control experiments performed in exactly the same way but using H2O + LiOH in place of D2O + LiOD gave no evidence of helium, excess power or radiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcorrelatio.pdf | ||||||
| 2761 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Bush, B. F., Lagowski, J. J. | 1994 | Anomalous effects involving excess power, radiation, and helium production during D2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | Anomalous effects involving excess power, radiation, and helium production during D2O electrolysis using palladium cathodes | heat+ He electrolysis Pd D2O diffusion, pyrex | ||||||||
| 2762 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Bush, B. F. | 1994 | Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 156 | Heat and Helium Measurements in Deuterated Palladium | heat He Pd, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 2763 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Bush, B. F., Stilwell, D. E. | 1994 | Calorimetric principles and problems in measurements of excess power during Pd-D2O electrolysis | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 98 | Calorimetric principles and problems in measurements of excess power during Pd-D2O electrolysis | heat, method, critique, Lewis | ||||||||
| 2764 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 1995 | The Extraction of Information From an Integrating Open Calorimeter in Fleischmann-Pons Effect Experiments | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 97 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | The Extraction of Information From an Integrating Open Calorimeter in Fleischmann-Pons Effect Experiments | D2O, Pd, electrolysis, heat+, ICCF-5 | Our first 5 months of investigating the Fleischmann-Pons effect in 1989 experiments produced no significant excess enthalpy. The November 1989 report of the Energy Research Advisory Board to the U.S. Department of Energy listed China Lake with MIT, Cal tech, Harwell, and other laboratories as one of the groups
| http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=113 | ||
| 2765 | Report | Miles, M., Bush, B. F., Johnson, K. B. | 1996 | Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Systems, Final Report | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 97 | Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division | Editor, Series Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Systems, Final Report | heat, Pd, D2O, 4He | Excess power was measured in 28 out of 94 electrochemical experiments conducted using palladium or palladium-alloy cathodes in heavy water. Reproducibility continues to be the major problem in this controversial research area. Based on our experiments, this lack of reproducibility stems from unknown variables in the palladium metal. The best reproducibility for excess power was obtained using palladium-boron materials supplied by the Naval Research Laboratory. Our basic isoperibolic calorimeters were capable of measuring excess power with a sensitivity of ?1% of the input power or ?20 mW, whichever was larger. Calorimeters that are capable of detecting excess power levels of 1 watt per cubic centimeter of palladium are essential for research in this field. Results from our laboratory indicate that helium-4 is the missing nuclear product accompanying the excess heat. Thirty out of 33 experiments showed a correlation between either excess power and helium production or no excess power and no excess helium. The collection of the electrolysis gases in both glass and metal flasks place the helium production rate at 10^11 to 10^12 atoms per second per watt of excess power. This is the correct magnitude for typical deuteron fusion reactions that yield helium-4 as a product. Anomalous radiation was defected in some experiments by the use of X-ray films, Geiger-Mueller counters, and by the use of sodium iodide detectors. There was never any significant production of tritium in any of our experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesManomalousea.pdf | |||||
| 2766 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Johnson, K. B. | 1996 | Electrochemical insertion of hydrogen into metals and alloys | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 5 & 6, Page = 68 | Electrochemical insertion of hydrogen into metals and alloys | loading, Pd, electrolysis, deloading, boron | Several types of calorimetric cell designs were used in attempts to measure excess enthalpy during the electrolysis of LiOD/D2O using palladium cathodes. Control experiments were run by using light water in place of D2O or by using platinum cathodes in place of palladium. Initial experiments using thin palladium cathodes of an unknown purity gave no significant differences between the Pd/D2O cells and the controls. For example, the ratio of heat out to Joule heat in was 1.00 ?0.04 for one study and 1.065 ?0.04 for another study in LiOD/D2O compared to 1.075 ?0.07 in LiOH/H2O. The use of a much thicker palladium rod (99.96%, d = 0.635 cm) from Johnson Matthey, however, resulted in calorimetric evidence for excess enthalpy in five out of six cells. The excess rate of heating averaged 0.39 W/cm^3 over a 9-day period in one experiment. The total excess enthalpy observed was 110,000 J. This excess enthalpy is difficult to explain by chemical reactions. Similar experiments conducted in H2O did not produce significant amounts of excess enthalpy. Possible experimental errors in these calorimetric studies are being investigated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMelectrocheb.pdf | ||||||
| 2767 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Johnson, K. B., Imam, M. A. | 1996 | Electrochemical loading of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium and palladium-boron alloys | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 208 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Electrochemical loading of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium and palladium-boron alloys | loading, Pd, electrolysis, heat+, D2O, Pd-B, ICCF-6 | Excess power production and other anomalous effects have been observed during the electrolysis of heavy water using palladium and palladium-boron alloys as the cathode materials. This study focused on hydrogen and deuterium loading into palladium and palladium-boron alloys. Improved calorimetry provided for the detection of the exothermic heat of absorption of deuterium into palladium and palladium-alloy cathodes. The addition of boron to palladium does not significantly affect the initial loading rate but slows further loading to higher levels. The presence of boron in the palladium significantly slows the rate of the deloading process. Cracks or other surface defects prevent high loading levels of hydrogen or deuterium into palladium or palladium-boron alloys. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMelectrochec.pdf | ||
| 2768 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Johnson, K. B., Imam, M. A. | 1996 | Heat and Helium Measurements Using Palladium and Palladium Alloys in Heavy Water | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 20 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Heat and Helium Measurements Using Palladium and Palladium Alloys in Heavy Water | heat+ Helium electrolysis D2O Pd ICCF-6 | Excess power was measured in 28 out of 94 electrochemical experiments conducted using palladium or palladium-alloy cathodes in heavy water. Reproducibility continues to be the major problem in this controversial research area. Based on our experiments, this lack of reproducibility stems from unknown variables in the palladium metal. The best reproducibility for excess power was obtained using palladium-boron alloy materials supplied by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Washington, DC. A high success ratio was also obtained using Johnson-Matthey materials. Calorimeters that are capable of detecting excess power levels of 1 watt per cubic centimeter of palladium are essential for research in this field. Results from our laboratory indicate that helium-4 is the missing nuclear product accompanying the excess heat. Thirty out of 33 experiments showed a correlation between either excess power and helium production or no excess power and no excess helium. The only valid experiments that showed significant excess power but no excess helium involved a Pd-Ce cathode. The collection and analysis of the electrolysis gases place the helium-4 production rate at lOll to 10'2 atoms per second per watt of excess power. This is the correct magnitude for typical deuteron fusion reactions that yield helium-4 as a product. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=35 | ||
| 2769 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Johnson, K. B. | 1996 | Improved, Open Cell, Heat Conduction, Isoperibolic Calorimetry | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 496-501 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Improved, Open Cell, Heat Conduction, Isoperibolic Calorimetry | method, isoperibolic, heat+, ICCF-6 | Significant calorimetric improvements have been realized at our laboratory. These improvements include the calorimetric hardware design, theoretical modeling, computerized experimental control, data acquisition, and extensive averaging of experimental measurements. The absolute calorimetric accuracy for operating over the entire temperature range from bath temperature to near boiling temperatures (0 to 5 watts of input power) was better than ?10 mW or ?1 %, whichever is larger. This improved calorimetry yielded a short-term precision of ?0.2 mW or ?0.1 % of the input power. The noise level (?0.1 % or ?0.2 mW, peak to peak) is very low compared to other known calorimetric systems in use. Control experiments consisting of silver cathodes in 0.1 M LiOD showed no excess heat to within experimental error. In live experiments using palladium and palladium-boron alloys as cathodes, the exothermic heat of loading of deuterium into the metal is readily measurable. Small amounts of sporadic excess power were seen in one experiment using a palladium cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=95 | |||
| 2770 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 1996 | Reply to S. E. Jones and L. D. Hansen Concerning Claims of Miles, et al. in Pons-Fleischmann-Type Cold Fusion Experiments | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 524 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Reply to S. E. Jones and L. D. Hansen Concerning Claims of Miles, et al. in Pons-Fleischmann-Type Cold Fusion Experiments | calorimetry, critique | The simultaneous measurements of power and the rate of evolution of the electrolysis gases in our experiments prove that faradaic efficiencies less than 100% cannot account for our reports of excess heat. Furthermore, our calorimetric results are strikingly similar to reports from other laboratories including measurements in closed calorimetric systems where faradaic efficiencies are not a factor. Excess enthalpy for the Pd/D20 system generally involves high current densities that exceed 100 mA/cm2 ; therefore, the report by S. E. Jones et al. of low faradaic efficiencies using current densities of only 1 to 2 mA/cm2 is not applicable to cold fusion experiments. Based on experiments at our laboratory, there is compelling evidence that the anomalous excess heat is correlated with helium-4 production. For example, 30 out of 33 heat and helium studies yielded either excess helium when excess power was measured or no excess helium when no excess power was present. The probability of obtaining this result by random errors in our heat and helium measurements is very small. Permanent laboratory records always defined the presence or absence of excess power prior to any helium measurement. The measurement of helium in the electrolysis gas samples at three different laboratories places our rate of helium-4 production at 10^11 to 10^12 atoms/s per watt of excess power. This is the correct magnitude for typical deuteron fusion reactions that produce helium-4 as a product. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=123 | |||
| 2771 | Report | Miles, M. | 1998 | Electrochemical calorimetric studies of palladium and palladium alloys in heavy water | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 524 | Sapporo, Japan | Electrochemical calorimetric studies of palladium and palladium alloys in heavy water | heat, electrolysis, D2O, Pd, tritium | |||||||
| 2772 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Bush, B. F. | 1998 | Radiation Measurements at China Lake:Real or Artifacts? | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 236 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Radiation Measurements at China Lake:Real or Artifacts? | x-ray, Pd, D2O, heat, ICCF-7 | Anomalously high radiation counts were observed using several different Geiger-Mueller (GM) detectors as well as sodium iodide (NaI) detectors during electrolysis experiments with palladium cathodes in heavy water. These high radiation counts were often observed in co-deposition experiments where palladium metal is deposited from a D2O solution onto a copper cathode in the presence of evolving deuterium gas. The anomalous radiation counts reached values as high as 73 sigma above normal background counts. The anomalous radiation would appear within a few hours in the co-deposition experiments where the palladium is loaded with deuterium as it deposits from solution. In contrast, the appearance of anomalous radiation required days of electrolysis for the palladium rods that load much slower. The real or artifact question stems mainly from the fact that two similar GM detectors often gave different results in monitoring the excess radiation. A few experiments, nevertheless, gave simultaneous anomalous effects from two different radiation detectors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMradiationm.pdf | ||
| 2773 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 1998 | Reply to 'Examination of claims of Miles et al. in Pons-Fleischmann-type cold fusion experiments' | J. Phys. Chem. B, Vol = 102 | Reply to 'Examination of claims of Miles et al. in Pons-Fleischmann-type cold fusion experiments' | critique, Jones Miles | ||||||||
| 2774 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 1998 | Reply to 'An assessment of claims of excess heat in cold fusion calorimetry' | J. Phys. Chem. B, Vol = 102 | Reply to 'An assessment of claims of excess heat in cold fusion calorimetry' | Miles, critique, Jones | ||||||||
| 2775 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 1999 | Production of helium in the cold | 18th Annual Meeting of the Society for Scientific Exploration | Albuquerque, NM | June 3-5, 1999 | Production of helium in the cold | He heat, Pd, electrolysis D2O | ||||||
| 2776 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2000 | Calorimetric Studies of Palladium Alloy Cathodes Using Fleischmann-Pons Dewar Type Cells | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 97 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Calorimetric Studies of Palladium Alloy Cathodes Using Fleischmann-Pons Dewar Type Cells | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, Pd-B, Pd-Ce-B, Pd-Ce, critique, ICCF-8 | My first three experiments conducted at NHE using the Fleischmann-Pons (F-P) Dewar type cells investigated the Pd-Ce-B, Pd-B, and Pd-Ce alloy cathodes. Significant excess power was produced from the cells using the Pd-B and Pd-Ce alloy cathodes. The Pd-Ce-B alloy, in contrast, showed no measureable excess power effects. Previous experiments at China Lake using similar Pd-B alloy cathodes prepared by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) produced excess heat in seven out of eight experiments. The same Pd-Ce cathode that was used at NHE also produced significant excess power in previous experiments at China Lake. Due to the controversy over methods of data analysis for the F-P cells (see ICCF-5 Proceedings, 1995, pp. 105-115), I developed my own methods while at NHE. As I refined my methods for evaluating the calorimetric measurements, they approached more closely the methods outlined by Fleischmann and Pons in their Icarus Systems handbooks available at NHE. The method previously developed by NHE for the analysis of the F-P cells showed no excess heat for any of these same three experiments. The major problem with the NHE method is that a single calibration was used in determining the effective radiative heat transfer coefficient for the cell. An incorrect heat transfer coefficient can readily confuse the excess heat effect with the calorimetric error for the system. Calorimetric results for the same experiment using the NHE method, my method, and the F-P method for data analysis are compared. The fact that the alternative NHE method showed no excess heat for F-P cells illustrates the problem in transferring calorimetric methods from one laboratory to another. The second laboratory often fails to follow directions and makes changes that compromise the calorimetry. Similar problems were encountered in the attempt to transfer the China Lake calorimetry to NRL, hence excess heat was not observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcalorimetrb.pdf | ||
| 2777 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Imam, M. A., Fleischmann, M. | 2000 | 'Case Studies' of Two Experiments Carried Out With the ICARUS Systems | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 105 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | 'Case Studies' of Two Experiments Carried Out With the ICARUS Systems | heat, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, method, critique, ICCF-8 | The publication of the Final Report of the New Hydrogen Energy (N.H.E.) Group on their investigations of the Pd/D systems (1) prompts us to analyse a number of experiments carried out with the ICARUS Systems (2), (3). As the reproducibility of such experiments remains low, our analyses rely on a series of ?ase Studies? which use appropriate parts of the methodologies developed for these systems (2), (3) (see) also (4), (5), (6), (7), (8). In this paper we present selected parts of such ?ase Studies for two experiments carried out in the N.H.E. Laboratories; full details will be given elsewhere (9). The first experiment, designated as FP2 - 9506203 - 5561 used a 2 mm diameter ? 12.5 mm length Pd cathode supplied by the IMRA-Materials Laboratory; the second FP2-97120402-M7C2, was carried out by one of us (M.H.M.) also in the N.H.E. Laboratories. This experiment used a 4.75 mm diameter ? 20.1 mm length Pd - 0.5%B cathode (prepared by M.A.I. in the Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.). Contrary to the conclusions reached in the N.H.E. report (1) we find that these experiments show ?eat-after-Death? and excess enthalpy generation at temperatures close to the boiling points of the electrolytes. The experiment using the Pd-B cathode also shows excess enthalpy generation in other temperature regions as well as the very early development of ??ositive feedback? (compare (10), (11), (12)). Such ??ositive feedback? complicates the analyses of the experiments. The ?ase Studies? of these experiments also lead to the identification of errors in the execution and analyses of the experiments carried out by the N.H.E. Group. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcasestudie.pdf | ||
| 2778 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2000 | Report on Calorimetric Studies at the NHE Laboratory in Sapporo, Japan | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 30, Page = 22 | Report on Calorimetric Studies at the NHE Laboratory in Sapporo, Japan | calorimeter, method | Experiments using China Lake type calorimetric cells produced excess power in three out of three experiments and no excess power in three control studies.? A detailed analysis is presented for two experiments using the China Lake cells.? Anomalous thermistor signals in Cell A suggest the emission of electromagnetic radiation from the active palladium cathode.? Experiments in Fleischmann-Pons type calorimetric cells produced excess power in six out of eight experiments.? These studies involved palladium alloy cathodes, co-deposition of palladium and deuterium from the solution, and electromigration using thin palladium wires. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMreportonca.pdf | ||||||
| 2779 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Imam, M. A., Fleischmann, M. | 2000 | Excess heat and helium production in the palladium-boron system | Trans. Amer. Nucl. Soc., Vol = 83, Num = 371, Page = 72 | Excess heat and helium production in the palladium-boron system | |||||||||
| 2780 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2000 | Calorimetric studies of Pd/D2O+LiOD electrolysis cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 482 | Calorimetric studies of Pd/D2O+LiOD electrolysis cells | electrolysis, heat+, Pd, method | New experiments in sensitive calorimeters displayed the characteristics of the excess power effect during seven different occasions. These measurements clearly show the anomalous increase in the cell temperature despite the steadily decreasing electrical input power during Pd/D2O+LiOD/Pt electrolysis. This strange behavior can be modeled by the use of an anomalous excess power term in the calorimetric equations. Two thermistors used in each calorimetric cell always show nearly identical temperature changes, thus errors due to temperature gradients within the cell are unlikely. The onset of the excess power apparently develops in a gradual manner. There were never any large, abrupt increases in the excess power. The addition of D2O with its sudden cooling of the cell generally dissipated the excess power effect. No clear triggering events for the excess power could be identified. Possible chemical explanations for the excess power are discussed. Normal behavior was always observed for a similar experiment conducted as a control. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcalorimetrc.pdf | ||||||
| 2781 | Report | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M., Imam, M. A. | 2001 | Calorimetric Analysis of a Heavy Water Electrolysis Experiment Using a Pd-B Alloy Cathode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 482 | Naval Research Laboratory | Washington | Calorimetric Analysis of a Heavy Water Electrolysis Experiment Using a Pd-B Alloy Cathode | heat+, Pd, D2O, Pd-B, electrolysis, critique | A Pd-B alloy prepared at NRL was studied at both China Lake (NAWCWD) and at NHE in Japan and was found to produce excess energy both times. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcalorimetrd.pdf | ||||
| 2782 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Imam, M. A., Fleischmann, M. | 2001 | Calorimetric analysis of a heavy water electrolysis experiment using a Pd-B alloy cathode | Proc. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 2001-23 | Calorimetric analysis of a heavy water electrolysis experiment using a Pd-B alloy cathode | Experimental, electrolysis, Pd alloy, heat, res+ | ||||||||
| 2783 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Arman, H. D., Carrick, J. D., Gren, C. K., Haggerty, K. A., Kim, H. Y., Ky, A. G., Markham, J. E., Meeks, C. F., Noga, D. E. | 2002 | The Elevation of Boiling Points in H2O and D2O Electrolytes | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University. | 2002 | The Elevation of Boiling Points in H2O and D2O Electrolytes | Pd, D2O, electrolysis, heat, boiling point, ICCF-9 | The excess enthalpy effect in cold fusion experiments for Pd/D2O + LiOD systems is subject to positive feedback, i.e., increasing the cell temperature increases the excess enthalpy. Therefore, the largest excess enthalpy effects are often observed near or at the boiling point corresponding to that of the electrolyte solution in the cell. The exact boiling temperatures at different electrolyte concentrations are needed for cold fusion experiments. These studies of LiOH in H2O and LiOD in D2O both show boiling point elevations at higher concentrations that are significantly lower than theoretical calculations based on ideal solutions. Activity coefficients of LiOD in D2O at the boiling point of D2O (101.42?) are also reported. These boiling point measurements suggest a purity problem with heavy water samples that may contribute to the reproducibility problem for excess enthalpy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMtheelevati.pdf | |||
| 2784 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Fleischmann, M. | 2002 | Thermal Behavior of Polarized Pd/D Electrodes Prepared by Co-deposition | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | 2002 | Thermal Behavior of Polarized Pd/D Electrodes Prepared by Co-deposition | Pd co-deposition, heat electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-9 | The thermal behavior of a polarized Pd+D electrode prepared by the co-deposition technique and serving as the cathode in the Fleischmann-Pons (F/P) Dewar-type electrochemical cell/calorimeter was investigated at the NHE Laboratory in Sapporo, Japan. These measurements show that (i) excess enthalpy is generated during and after the completion of the co-deposition process, (ii) rates of excess enthalpy generation are somewhat higher than when Pd wires or other forms of Pd electrodes are used and (iii) positive feedback and heat-after-death effects were present in this system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMthermalbeh.pdf | |||
| 2785 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2003 | Correlation Of Excess Enthalpy And Helium-4 Production: A Review | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Correlation Of Excess Enthalpy And Helium-4 Production: A Review | Review | Three different sets of experiments conducted in the Navy Laboratory (NAWCWD) at China Lake, California (1990-1994) clearly established that helium-4 is the main fusion product in the Pd/D2O+LiOD electrolysis system.? A correlation between excess enthalpy and excess helium-4 was measured in 18 out of 21 experiments.? The observation of no excess enthalpy was correlated with no excess helium-4 in 12 out of 12 experiments.? Thus 30 out of 33 experiments agree with the hypothesis that the excess enthalpy produced in cold fusion studies is correlated with helium-4 production:? D + D --> 4He + 23.8 MeV.? Furthermore, the measured rate of helium-4 production was always in the appropriate range of 10^10 to 10^12 atoms per second per watt of excess power. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMcorrelatioa.pdf | |||
| 2786 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2003 | Fluidized Bed Experiments Using Platinum And Palladium Particles In Heavy Water | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Fluidized Bed Experiments Using Platinum And Palladium Particles In Heavy Water | Excess heat, fluidized bed | These experiments were designed to give the dynamic electrolysis conditions of fluidized beds by the use of small palladium particles.? Both direct current electrolysis and pulse power electrolysis methods were used in this study.? The excess power observed was 90 mW for direct current electrolysis in D2O + 0.1 M LiOD (I=0.300 to 0.400 A).? For pulse electrolysis (pulse width 1.0 ms, pulse frequency 5 KHZ, peak voltage 98 V), the excess power increased to 250 mW.? No excess power was observed for similar experiments using platinum particles in D2O + 0.1 M LiOD. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMfluidizedb.pdf | |||
| 2787 | Report | Miles, M. | 2004 | NEDO Final Report - Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies Of Palladium And Palladium Alloys In Heavy Water | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | University of La Verne | NEDO Final Report - Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies Of Palladium And Palladium Alloys In Heavy Water | calorimeter, method | The main feature of the Fleischmann-Pons effect is excess heat production.? My experiments designed to measure excess heat focused on the use of two types of isoperibolic calorimeters.? Cells A and B transfer heat mainly by conduction while the three Fleischmann-Pons type cells transfer heat mainly by radiation.? The first set of experiments in cells A and B used palladium cathodes.? Small levels of excess power were observed in Cell A but none in Cell B.? This result is in agreement with previous experiments at China Lake, California using the same two palladium cathodes.? There were also periods of unusual fluctuations in the temperature readings in Cell A for the thermistor closest to the cathode that persisted for several weeks.? These sudden temperature increases occurred during the same time period as when the excess heat was observed.? The switching of these experiments to pulse electrolysis also produced an excess heat effect in Cell A but not in Cell B. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMnedofinalr.pdf | |||||
| 2788 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2005 | Simultaneous Excess Power and Anomalous Radiation (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Simultaneous Excess Power and Anomalous Radiation (PowerPoint slides) | heat | |||||||
| 2789 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2007 | Precision and Accuracy of Cold Fusion Calorimetry (paper and PowerPoint slides) | 233rd ACS National Meeting | Chicago, IL | Precision and Accuracy of Cold Fusion Calorimetry (paper and PowerPoint slides) | calorimeter, method | The cold fusion controversy centers on the precision and accuracy of the calorimetric systems used to measure excess enthalpy generation. For open, isoperibolic calorimetric systems, there is no true steady state during D2O+LiOD electrolysis.? Exact calorimetric measurements, therefore, require modeling by a differential equation that accounts for all heat flow pathways into and out of the calorimetric systems. The improper use and misunderstanding of this differential equation is a major source of confusion concerning cold fusion calorimetric measurements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMprecisiona.pdf | |||||
| 2790 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2008 | Isoperibolic Calorimetric Measurements of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Isoperibolic Calorimetric Measurements of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | Excess heat | Important advantages exist for selecting a Dewar type isoperibolic calorimeter for measurements of anomalous excess enthalpy produced by the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (FPE). These advantages include a wide dynamic range for both the cell temperature and cell input power, direct visual observations inside the cell during calorimetric experiments, relative low cost, self-purification of the system, the safety of an open system, and heat transfer mainly by electromagnetic radiation.? Various generations of this calorimetry are described along with the mathematical modeling.? The use of control or 'blank' experiments, such as replacing palladium by platinum, show that anomalous excess power is measurable to within ?0.1 mW using this electrochemical calorimetry.? The application of this Dewar isoperibolic calorimetry at other laboratories such as NHE (Japan), Grenoble (France) and Harwell (U.K.) is discussed.? Variations of isoperibolic calorimetry used by China Lake, Caltech, and M.I.T. are also examined where the main heat transfer pathway is by conduction.? An improved version of the China Lake isoperibolic calorimeter is capable of measuring the small excess power (6.5 mW) produced at the beginning of an experiment by the exothermic absorption of deuterium into palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMisoperibol.pdf | |||||
| 2791 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2008 | Twenty Year Review of Isoperibolic Calorimetric Measurements of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Twenty Year Review of Isoperibolic Calorimetric Measurements of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | review | |||||||
| 2792 | Book Section | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2008 | Accuracy of Isoperibolic Calorimetry Used in a Cold Fusion Control Experiment | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Accuracy of Isoperibolic Calorimetry Used in a Cold Fusion Control Experiment | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch008 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch008 | ||||||
| 2793 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2009 | New approaches to isoperibolic calorimetry (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | New approaches to isoperibolic calorimetry (PowerPoint slides) | Calorimeter, method | Desired Features of Isoperibolic Calorimeters * Simple Construction / Low Costs * Wide Dynamic Range ? - Cell Temperature (20? --> Boiling) ? - Cell Input Power (0 --> 10 Watts) * Required kc= 0.13 W/K or kR= 0.83 x 10-9W/K^4 * Self-Purifying (H Removed Preferentially to D) * Inherent Safety (D2, O2 Exit Cell) * Direct Visual Observation Inside Cell (Dewar Cell) * High Accuracy (?1 mW, ?0.1%) * Heat Transfer Mainly By Conduction or Radiation * Stable Cell Constants Independent of Electrolyte Level | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMnewapproac.pdf | ||||
| 2794 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2009 | New approaches to isoperibolic calorimetry | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | New approaches to isoperibolic calorimetry | calorimetry | Relatively inexpensive isoperibolic calorimeters have been designed and constructed with the goal of obtaining a constant heat transfer coefficient that is insensitive to normal changes in the electrolyte level during electrolysis. Four prototypes were constructed from copper tubing and used different insulating materials. Preliminary tests on two of these new calorimeters show excellent stability for the cell temperature measurements, stable heat transfer coefficients during electrolysis, and precise power measurements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=66 | ||||
| 2795 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2009 | Investigations of co-deposition systems | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Investigations of co-deposition systems | Electrochemical studies of co-deposition show that the palladium deposited onto a copper substrate produces very high capacitance values (370 Farads/g) equal to those of supercapacitor materials. This large electrode capacitance causes a collapsing and tilting of the cyclic voltammograms that approaches Ohm's Law behavior. Results for the electrochemistry, chemistry, and calorimetry of the 0.025 M PdCl2+0.15 M NH4Cl+0.15 M NH4OH system and its deuterium analog are reported. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=77 | |||||
| 2796 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2011 | Measurements of Excess Power Effects In Pd/D2O Systems Using a New Isoperibolic Calorimeter | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Measurements of Excess Power Effects In Pd/D2O Systems Using a New Isoperibolic Calorimeter | Co-deposition, Electrolysis, Heat capacity, Heat conduction, Nitrates, Shuttle reactions, Temperature, Thermistors | Relatively inexpensive isoperibolic calorimeters have been designed and constructed with the goal of obtaining a constant heat transfer coefficient that is insensitive to normal changes in the electrolyte level during electrolysis. Four prototypes were constructed from copper tubing and used different insulating materials. Preliminary tests on two of these new calorimeters show excellent stability for the cell temperature measurements, stable heat transfer coefficients during electrolysis, and precise power measurements. Initial applications include nitrate electrolytes and co-deposition systems. There was no evidence for any shuttle reactions in these experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=53 | ||||||
| 2797 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2012 | Investigations of Possible Shuttle Reactions in Co-deposition Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 12-22 Investigations of Possible Shuttle Reactions in Co-deposition Systems | Ammonia, Calorimetry, Electrochemistry, Excess Power, Palladium | Experiments in the 0.025 M PdCl2 + 0.15 M ND4Cl + 0.15 M ND4OD/D2O co-deposition system produced anomalous excess power in three out of three prior experiments in Japan. Completely new experiments have produced even larger excess power effects for this deuterated co-deposition system. The largest excess power effect in D2O produced 1.7Wor about 13 W/g of palladium (160 W/cm3). These large excess power effects were absent in extensive studies of H2O controls. Excess power was also absent in various experiments involving the co-deposition of ruthenium (Ru), rhenium (Re), and nickel (Ni) in both H2O and D2O ammonia solutions. The statistical analysis of all 18 co-deposition experiments yields a probability of greater than 99.9989 % that the co-deposition excess power effect requires both palladium metal and D2O. Shuttle reactions have been proposed to explain the reproducible excess power effect in this ammonia co-deposition system. However, various electrochemical studies show no evidence for any shuttle reactions in this ammonia system. Nevertheless, the initial chemistry for the Pd system is complex leading to large pH changes, chlorine (Cl2) evolution, and the formation of nitrogen trichloride (NCl3) during the first few days. However, the large excess power effects are observed later in the experiments after this chemistry is completed. A better understanding of the chemistry should be helpful in the reproduction of anomalous excess power in co-deposition systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=18 | ||||||
| 2798 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2012 | New analysis of MIT Calorimetric Errors | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 132-138 New analysis of MIT Calorimetric Errors | Accuracy, Heat, Insulation, Temperature,Work | Accurate isoperibolic calorimetry requires a well-defined heat transfer pathway from the calorimetric cell to a constant temperature water bath. The MIT isoperibolic calorimetric results published in 1990 had a major impact in convincing scientists, as well as US Patent officials, that the anomalous excess enthalpy reported in 1989 by Fleischmann and Pons in Pd/D systems was due to various calorimetric errors. Additional information about the MIT calorimetry has allowed a more detailed analysis. The major new finding is that the walls of the MIT calorimetric cell were so well insulated with glass wool (2.55 cm thickness) that the major heat transfer pathway was out of the cell top into the room air rather from the cell into the constant temperature water bath. This helps to explain the reported sensitivity of 40mWfor the MIT calorimetry versus the sensitivity of 0.1mWachieved for the Fleischmann-Pons Dewar calorimetry. The evaluation of calorimetric designs, accuracy of temperature measurements, electrolyte level effects, calorimetric equations, and data analysis methods leads to the clear conclusion that the Fleischmann-Pons calorimetry was far superior to that of MIT. Therefore, the results of the MIT calorimetry cannot be used as a refutation of the Fleischmann-Pons experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=138 | ||||||
| 2799 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2014 | Co-Deposition of Palladium and other Transition Metals in H2O and D2O Solutions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 401-410 Co-Deposition of Palladium and other Transition Metals in H2O and D2O Solutions | calorimetry heat, nickel | The co-deposition of palladium, ruthenium, rhenium, nickel, and iridium were investigated in H2O and D2O ammonia systems (NH4Cl / NH3). Significant amounts of excess power were observed only in the deuterated Pd / D2O system. There was no excess power observed for the co-deposition of ruthenium, rhenium or nickel in any H2O or D2O experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=411 | ||||||
| 2800 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2014 | Examples of Isoperibolic Calorimetry in the Cold Fusion Controversy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 392-400 Examples of Isoperibolic Calorimetry in the Cold Fusion Controversy | Calorimeter, method, Caltech, Harwell, MIT, Power | The Dewar isoperibolic calorimetry developed by Fleischmann and Pons can achieve an accuracy of ?0.1 mW. This accuracy requires the use of seven power terms to adequately describe the rate of enthalpy flowing into and out of the calorimetric system. The isoperibolic calorimetry reported by Caltech, MIT, and Harwell neglected important power terms leading to large errors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=402 | ||||||
| 2801 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2015 | Thermodynamic and Kinetic Observations Concerning the D + D Fusion Reaction for the Pd/D System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | 17 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Observations Concerning the D + D Fusion Reaction for the Pd/D System | Activation energy, Diffusion, Double layer, Eyring rate theory, Fusion reaction zones, Helium | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=22 | |||||||
| 2802 | Report | Miles, M. | 2016 | Introduction To ?? Summary of NRL Research on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Palladium Electrochemical Systems? (published in 1996) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | Washington | Introduction To ?? Summary of NRL Research on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Palladium Electrochemical Systems? (published in 1996) | Review | Two U.S. Navy laboratories reported important cold fusion results in 1991 at ICCF-2 in Como, Italy. Stan Szpak and Pam Boss reported studies involving co-deposition, and this author, along with Ben Bush, reported correlations at China Lake between the excess heat effect and helium-4 production. In January 1992, a Navy program began that was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and involved NCCOSC-NRaD in San Diego (now SPAWAR), NAWC in China Lake, and NRL inWashington, D.C. The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is recognized worldwide as a top research facility, and a major publication from NRL on positive cold fusion results would have been a game-changer for this field in 1992 and equivalent to the CalTech, Harwell and MIT negative cold fusion publications in 1989. Even today, a publication in a major scientific journal from NRL supporting cold fusion would likely have a dramatic effect on the acceptance of this new science. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DominguezDasummaryof.pdf#page=2 | |||||
| 2803 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2016 | The Fleischmann-Pons Calorimetric Methods And Equations (PowerPoint slides) | Satellite Symposium of the 20th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Xiamen, China | The Fleischmann-Pons Calorimetric Methods And Equations (PowerPoint slides) | calorimetry | Short Cold Fusion Review * Martin Fleischmann Had Remarkable Skills in Calorimetry and Mathematical Modelling * Vastly Inferior Calorimetric Experiments by CalTech, MIT and Harwell Blocked Scientific Acceptance * A Great Scientific Discovery Became A Scientific Tragedy * Many Cold Fusion Scientists Suffered Career Damage | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMthefleisch.pdf | |||||
| 2804 | Personal Communication | Miles, M., Cantwell, R. | 2016 | Data from Melvin Miles' July 2016 experiment | Satellite Symposium of the 20th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Data from Melvin Miles' July 2016 experiment | A document linking a spreadsheet and two papers describing Melvin Miles' July 2016 experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMdatafromme.pdf | |||||||
| 2805 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2016 | Excerpts from Martin Fleischmann Letters | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 210 Excerpts from Martin Fleischmann Letters | Calorimetry, Cell temperature, Critics, Excess enthalpy, Helium | There were many letters exchanged between Martin Fleischmann and this author that reveal Fleischmann's scientific thoughts about various cold fusion topics. These topics included possible critical factors for excess enthalpy effects in the palladium/deuterium system, errors in the CalTech, MIT and Harwell calorimetry, helium-4 production, critics such as Morrison, Taubes and Jones, and the advantages of using integrated forms of the calorimetric equations. Furthermore, Fleischmann mathematically shows that there is never a true steady state in the cell temperature for an open isoperibolic calorimetric system because both the cell heat transfer coefficient and the heat capacity of the cell change with time. Therefore, an important power term involving the change of the cell temperature with time has often been neglected by various groups using isoperibolic calorimetry. This power term is especially important when there are large changes in the cell temperature with time such as when the cell is first turned on. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=218 | ||||||
| 2806 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2017 | The Fleischmann?ons Calorimetric Methods, Equations and New Applications | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | The Fleischmann?ons Calorimetric Methods, Equations and New Applications | Cell cooling, Cell heating, Deuterium oxide, Differential equations, Excess power, Lower bound method, Palladium | The Fleischmann?ons Dewar isoperibolic calorimetry remains the most accurate system for measuring excess power in cold fusion experiments. The use of mathematical modelling and numerical integration of the experiment data, along with appropriate averaging methods, can achieve a calorimetric accuracy of 0.1 mW. The Fleischmann?ons ?ower Bound Method? can be used to determine the heat-transfer co-efficient during an experiment and yields accurate results. Important information can be obtained from time periods where the cell is first turned on and when the cell is shut off. Periods of large cell temperature changes are accurately modelled by the differential equations. These Fleischmann?ons calorimetric methods and equations are applied to a new experiment where excess power is produced in the Pd/D2O + 0.1 M KNO3 systems. A heat conduction calorimeter was used in this study, but the same methods and equations apply. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=13 | ||||||
| 2807 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2018 | Excess power measurements for palladium-boron cathodes (PowerPoint slides) | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | Excess power measurements for palladium-boron cathodes (PowerPoint slides) | excess heat, palladium, boron | One of the major goals of the U.S. Navy cold fusion program (1992-1995) was to produce our own palladium cathode materials at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). However, none of these Navy palladium metals and alloys were successful in producing the Fleischmann-Pons (F-P) excess power effect during the first two years. This all changed with the NRL preparation of palladium-boron (Pd-B) alloy cathodes in 1994. Seven out of eight experiments using these NRL Pd-B cathodes produced significant excess power in calorimetric studies at the Navy laboratory at China Lake, California (C/L). The one failure was related to a folded over metal region which acted as a long crack on the electrode surface. This success with Pd-B alloys made by NRL came too late to prevent the closure of the U.S. Navy cold fusion program in 1995, but these results are documented in a Navy report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMexcesspowe.pdf | |||||
| 2808 | Conference Proceedings | Miles, M. | 2019 | The Production Of Helium In Cold Fusion Experiments: Research at NAWCWD, China Lake, California (A New Look At The Experimental Data) | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | The Production Of Helium In Cold Fusion Experiments: Research at NAWCWD, China Lake, California (A New Look At The Experimental Data) | Major Goals For This Presentation ? Derive Relationship between Experimental Excess Power and Cell Current and Theoretical Amounts of Helium-4 in Parts-per-billion (ppb). ? Present Theoretical Amounts of Helium-4 Expected Based on the Experimental Excess Power and Cell Current With the Assumption of the Fusion Reaction: D + D ? He-4 + 23.8465 MeV (Lattice). ? Prove That Atmospheric He-4 Diffusion Into the Glass Collection Flasks Was Not a Factor in the China Lake Experiments. ? Confirm The Calorimetric Excess Power Results By the Helium-4 Measurements. ? Show That Other Possible Fusion Reactions Do Not Fit as Well With the Experimental ? Data (Predict Higher He-4 Levels). ? Establish That Excess Power and Helium-4 Production in Cold Fusion Experiments Are Related Based on 3 Different Sets of China Lake Experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMtheproduct.pdf | ||||||
| 2809 | Online Database | Miles, M. | 2019 | Electrochemical Isoperibolic Calorimetry For D2O Electrolysis | ChemRxiv | electrochemical calorimetry | Equations developed for isoperibolic electrochemical calorimetry were tested for the electrolysis of D2O in an open calorimetric cell. The derivatives of these equations gave correct values within the experimental error range for the important rate of change of the cell temperature with time (dT/dt). In addition, these calorimetric equations were also tested directly in determining the enthalpy change (Delta H) for the D2O electrolysis reaction. The mean experimental value at 298.15 K was Delta H = 294.4 ? 0.3 kJ/mole. This compares favorably (within 0.10%) with the literature value of Delta H = 294.600 kJ/mole. The accuracy of these Delta H measurements could be even further improved by more accurate cell voltage and cell temperature measurement. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesMelectrochee.pdf | |||||||
| 2810 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Imam, M. A. | 2019 | Excess Power Measurements for Palladium-Boron Cathodes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Excess Power Measurements for Palladium-Boron Cathodes | Boron, China Lake, Cold Fusion, Deuterium, Excess power, NRL, Palladium, US Navy research | Palladium??oron (Pd??) cathodes prepared at the US Naval Research Laboratory have produced electrochemical excess power effects using D2O + LiOD electrolytes in nine often experiments conducted at three different laboratories and using three different types of calorimeters. The one failure was due to a structural defect in the Pd?? cathodes. An unusual result is the early appearance of the excess power effect for Pd-B cathodes. Three other research groups have also found excess power effects using these Navy Pd?? cathodes. Possible important factors for Pd?? electrodes are the removal of oxygen by the boron during processing, the increased mechanical strength versus pure palladium, less volumetric expansion of these electrodes during loading with deuterium, and the much slower escape of deuterium from this cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=21 | ||||||
| 2811 | Personal Communication | Miles, M. | 2020 | Fleischmann-Pons Controversy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Fleischmann-Pons Controversy | |||||||||
| 2812 | Journal Article | Miles, M., Parchamazad, I. | 2020 | The Eyring Rate Theory Applied to Cold Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | The Eyring Rate Theory Applied to Cold Fusion | Activation energy, Activation entropy, Deuterium, Diffusion, Palladium, Reaction zones | The Eyring Absolute Rate Theory is generally applied to chemical reactions where bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds formed to give a transition state or activated complex. This theory has also been applied to physical rate processes such as diffusion and the viscosity of liquids. The activation parameters obtained from the Eyring theory when applied to cold fusion are all suggestive of a deuterium fusion rate controlled by the diffusion of deuterons within the palladium lattice. The D+D fusion process in the Pd/D system is apparently a zero-ordered reaction where only a small fraction of the reactants are in a location in which they are able to react. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=54 | ||||||
| 2813 | Journal Article | Miles, M. | 2020 | The Thermoneutral Potential in Electrochemical Calorimetry for the Pd/D2O System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | The Thermoneutral Potential in Electrochemical Calorimetry for the Pd/D2O System | Boron, Deuterium, Electrochemistry, Enthalpy, Excess power, Loading, Palladium, Palladium??oron alloys, Thermoneutral potential | The thermoneutral potential (EH) for any electrochemical reaction corresponds to the enthalpy change (?H) for that reaction. The D2O electrolysis reaction produces an enthalpy change of ?H = 294.600 J/mol of D2O which yields a thermoneutral potential ofEH = -1.5267 V (-?H/2F ). This thermoneutral potential will apply throughout a Pd/D2O calorimetric experiment except for the first day or two where the loading of deuterium into the palladium cathode occurs. The changes in ?H and EH during loading and their effect on measurements of excess power will be presented. It is concluded that the changes in EH during deuterium loading do not explain the very early excess power measurements for Pd?? cathodes. Furthermore, boron may be a critical component for the excess power effect in the palladium ? D2O system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=80 | ||||||
| 2814 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Barnouin, O., Temple, B. | 1990 | Detection of Reaction Products Induced in Plasma Focus Electrodes | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 507 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Detection of Reaction Products Induced in Plasma Focus Electrodes | ion implantation, gas discharge, method | ||||
| 2815 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Ragheb, M., Hora, H. | 1990 | On Aspects of Nuclear Products | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 202 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | On Aspects of Nuclear Products | theory, nuclear Reaction, energy, ICCF-1 | Reaction product measurements are not yet conclusive and often appear contradictory. Still the measurement of tritium in several different laboratories appears most convincing. However, there is growing evidence that the tritium production rate can only account for a few percent of the heating rate while the neutron rate is only 10^-5 to 10^-8 times the tritium rate. Various mechanisms proposed to explain these observations are reviewed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=221 | ||
| 2816 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H. | 1990 | Book Review: Cold Fusion,The Making of a Scientific Controversy by F. D. Peat | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Book Review: Cold Fusion,The Making of a Scientific Controversy by F. D. Peat | history, Book Review | ||||||||
| 2817 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Patel, J. U., Javedani, J., Hora, H., Kelly, J. C., Tompkins, J. | 1992 | Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes for Cold Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 659 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes for Cold Fusion | theory, thin Film, ICCF-3 | The application of the ' swimming electron layer' theory to the design of multilayer electrodes is discussed. A key advantage of this approach is that the enhanced reaction rate at interfaces between select metals results in a high power density throughout the volume of the electrode. Design criteria and fabrication techniques devised for the multilayer thin films are discussed. Initial experiments using a dense plasma focus (DPF) for loading these targets are described along with the design of an electrolytic cell intended to test scaling to high powers. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=393 | ||
| 2818 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H. | 1993 | Comments About Nuclear Reaction Products | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 9 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Comments About Nuclear Reaction Products | theory, energy, nuclear reaction, review, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2819 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Batyrbekov, E. G., Hora, H., Patel, J. U., Tompkins, J., Zich, R. K. | 1994 | Energy Amplifier with Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 148 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Energy Amplifier with Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes | titanium, Pd, layer, heat+ method | ||||
| 2820 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Batyrbekov, E. G., Zich, R. L. | 1994 | Electrolytic Cell with Multilayer Thin-Film Electrodes | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 313 | Electrolytic Cell with Multilayer Thin-Film Electrodes | thin layer, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 2821 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H., Patterson, J. A. | 1996 | Nuclear transmutations in thin-film nickel coatings undergoing electrolysis | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 5 | Nuclear transmutations in thin-film nickel coatings undergoing electrolysis | transmutation, Ni, H2O, electrolysis | Experiments using 1-mm plastic and glass microspheres coated with single and multilayers of thin films of various metals such as palladium and nickel, used in a packed-bed electrolytic cell (Patterson Power Cell ? configuration), have apparently produced a variety of nuclear reaction products. The analysis of a run with 650-? film of Ni is presented here. Following a two-week electrolytic run, the Ni film was found to contain Fe, Ag, Cu, Mg, and Cr, in concentrations exceeding 2 atom % each, plus a number of additional trace elements. These elements were at the most, only present in the initial film and the electrolyte plus other accessible cell components in much smaller amounts. That fact, combined with other data, such as deviations from natural isotope abundances, seemingly eliminates the alternate explanation of impurities concentrating in the film. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHnucleartra.pdf | ||||||
| 2822 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Narne, G., Williams, M. J., Patterson, J. A., Nix, J., Cravens, D., Hora, H. | 1996 | Quantitative observations of transmutation products occuring in thin-film coated microspheres during electrolysis | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 629 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Quantitative observations of transmutation products occuring in thin-film coated microspheres during electrolysis | transmutation, electrolysis, surface analysis, Pd, ICCF-6 | Several research groups previously identified new elements in electrodes that appeared to be transmutation products (Bockris et al., 1996a; 1996b). However, due to the low concentrations involved, the distinction from possible impurities has been difficult. Now, by using a unique thin-film electrode configuration to isolate the transmutation region, plus measurements based on neutron activation analysis, the authors have achieved, for the first time, a quantitative measure of the yield of transmutation products. Results from a thinfilm (500-3000A) nickel coating on I-mm microspheres in a packed-bed type cell with I-molar LiS04-H2O electrolyte were reported recently at the Second International Conference on Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (Miley and Patterson, 1996). Key new results are now presented for thin-film Pd and for multiple PdlNi layers. The transmutation products in all cases characteristically divide into four major groups with atomic number Z=.6-18; 22-35; 44-54; 75-85. Yields of -1 mg of key elements were obtained in a cell containing -1000 microspheres ~1/2 cc). In several cases over 40 atom % of the metal film consisted of these products after two weeks' operation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=230 | ||
| 2823 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H. | 1997 | Possible Evidence of Anomalous Energy Effects in H/D-Loaded Solids-Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRS) | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 3/4, Page = 6 | Possible Evidence of Anomalous Energy Effects in H/D-Loaded Solids-Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRS) | transmutation, heat, H2O | ||||||||
| 2824 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H. | 1998 | Product Characteristics and Energetics in Thin-Film Electrolysis Experiments | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 241 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Product Characteristics and Energetics in Thin-Film Electrolysis Experiments | transmutation, electrolysis, theory, ICCF-7 | Measurements of isotopes produced in electrolytic cell experiments using cathodes coated with thin metallic films (order of 500 A, using variously Ni, Pd and Ti) are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on factors that reinforce the conclusion that the isotopes cannot be accounted for by impurities. The characteristic 'signatures' of the isotope array observed in these experiments are discussed, along with speculations about reaction mechanisms. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=241 | ||
| 2825 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H. | 1999 | Emerging physics for a breakthrough thin-film electrolytic power unit | Space Technol. Applic. Int. Forum, Vol = 458 | El-Genk, M. S. | 1999 | Emerging physics for a breakthrough thin-film electrolytic power unit | critique, review, heat+, transmutation, Ni, H2O, Pd | ||||||
| 2826 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H. | 2000 | On the Reaction Product and Heat Correlation for LENRs | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 419 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | On the Reaction Product and Heat Correlation for LENRs | theory, H2O, transmutation, heat+, Ni, ICCF-8 | 'Low Energy Nuclear Reactions', or LENRs, typically involve electrolytes containing light water along with electrodes made of metals such as Ni, Ti and Pd.? In these experiments a variety of reaction products (isotopes), with masses both higher and lower than that of the host electrode material, have been observed at the University of Illinois (U of IL). Related results, often termed 'transmutation' studies, have been reported by other researchers.? These observations suggest that proton-metal initiated reactions occur in such LENR cells. This paper discusses evidence that the production of these reaction products is correlated with the excess heat also frequently observed in LENR cells. Such a correlation for LENR reactions would be equivalent, in principle, to the correlation of He-4 with excess heat that is reported for heavy water-Pd experiments where a D-D reaction is postulated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHonthereact.pdf | ||
| 2827 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Selvaggi, G., Tate, A., Okuniewski, M., Williams, M. J., Chicea, D., Horn, H., Kelly, J. | 2000 | Advances in Thin-Film Electrode Experiments | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 169 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Advances in Thin-Film Electrode Experiments | layer, Pd, Ni, H2O, heat+, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 2828 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H. | 2000 | Some personal reflections on scientific ethics and the cold fusion 'episode' | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Some personal reflections on scientific ethics and the cold fusion 'episode' | history | This note was prepared in response to Dr. Scott Chubb's invitation to discuss issues concerning ethics in scientific research that I may have observed during the hectic period following the public announcement of 'Cold Fusion' (CF) by Drs. Pons and Fleischmann in 1989. I would like to preface this note with some reflections on select 'events' I was personally involved in as editor of Fusion Technology (FT) and as one of the early researchers in CF (who has persistently kept going!). Then I will discuss several ethical 'issues' relating to scientific conduct from my viewpoint as an editor and researcher in the field. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHsomeperson.pdf | ||||||
| 2829 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Castano, C. H., Lipson, A. G., Kim, S-O., Luo, N. | 2002 | Progress in Development of a Low Energy Reaction Cell for Distributed Power Applications | 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering | ASME | Arlington, Virginia, USA | Progress in Development of a Low Energy Reaction Cell for Distributed Power Applications | heat, thin film, nickel, palladium | ||||||
| 2830 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Lipson, A. G., Kim, S-O., Luo, N., Castano, C. H., Woo, T. | 2002 | Progress in thin-film LENR research at the University of Illinois | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Progress in thin-film LENR research at the University of Illinois 4032 | ICCF-9, thin-film, heat, charged particle, x-ray | The research described here includes work on fabrication techniques for reproducible thin-film electrodes. Runs with these electrodes in a newly fabricated high sensitivity calorimetry bank is shown to provide added support for earlier excess heat production observed with ultra-high proton loadings in thin film electrodes. In addition, new in-situ radiation emission studies have discovered MeV alpha-proton emission, supporting earlier reaction product evidence of the nuclear origin of the excess heat. Recent experiments and lattice simulation studies have provided added insight into highly loaded thin film phenomena, including possible H- effects associated with anomalous resistivity effects at ultra-high loadings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHprogressina.pdf | |||
| 2831 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Shrestha, P. | 2003 | Review Of Transmutation Reactions In Solids | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Review Of Transmutation Reactions In Solids | transmutation | Transmutation reactions in highly loaded hydrides have been reported by a number of research groups. These studies are briefly summarized with emphasis on common systematics and key 'signatures'. Transmutations divide into two types: heavy intermediate compound nucleus reactions yielding an array of products with a large spectrum of masses; direct reactions between H/D and the electrode metal or impurity atoms yielding isolated 'single' products. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the products and the ability to overcome the extremely large Columbic repulsion of the high-Z elements involved.? Here we briefly consider a model involving orbital mixing and virtual neutron formation associated with charge accumulation and hydrogen/deuteron flow at highly loaded interfaces. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHreviewoftr.pdf | |||
| 2832 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Lipson, A. G., Helgeston, W., Hora, H., Luo, N., Yang, Y., Romer, M., Smith, R. | 2005 | Intense non-linear soft x-ray emission from a hydride target during pulsed D bombardment | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Intense non-linear soft x-ray emission from a hydride target during pulsed D bombardment | x-ray, Pd, D2, H2, ion bombardment | Radiation emission from Low Energy Nuclear Radiation (LENR) electrodes (both charged-particle and x-rays) represents an important feature of LENR in general. Here, calibration, measurement techniques, and soft x-ray emission results from deuterium bombardment of a Pd target (cathode) placed in a pulsed deuterium glow discharge (PGD) are described. An x-ray intensity of 13.4 mW/cm^2 and a dose of 3.3 μJ/cm^2 were calculated over a 0.5 ms pulse time from AXUV photodiode radiation detector measurements. A most striking feature is that x-ray energies > 600 V are observed with a discharge voltage only about half of that value. To further investigate this phenomenon, emission during room temperature D-desorption from electrolytically loaded Pd:Dx cathodes was also studied. The x-ray emission energy observed was quite similar to the PGD case. However, the intensity in this case was almost 13 orders of magnitude lower due to the much lower deuterium fluxes involved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHintensenon.pdf | ||||
| 2833 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Lipson, A. G., Helgeston, W., Hora, H., Luo, N., Yang, Y., Romer, M., Smith, R. | 2005 | Intense non-linear soft x-ray emission from a hydride target during pulsed D bombardment (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Intense non-linear soft x-ray emission from a hydride target during pulsed D bombardment (PowerPoint slides) | x-ray, Pd, D2, H2, ion bombardment | PowerPoint slides for the paper of the same title. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHintensenona.pdf | ||||
| 2834 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Lipson, A. G., Yang, Y., Romer, M., Hora, H. | 2005 | On Aspects of Complex Nuclei in LENR Relative to Transmutation Reactions and X-ray Emission from Localized Clusters | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | On Aspects of Complex Nuclei in LENR Relative to Transmutation Reactions and X-ray Emission from Localized Clusters | theory | ||||||
| 2835 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Shrestha, P. | 2005 | Overview of Light Water/Hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Overview of Light Water/Hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | transmutation, excess heat, light water | PowerPoint slides for the paper of the same name. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHoverviewof.pdf | ||||
| 2836 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Shrestha, P. | 2005 | Overview of Light Water/Hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Overview of Light Water/Hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (PowerPoint slides) | transmutation, excess heat, light water | This paper reviews light water and hydrogen-based Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) including the different methodologies used to study these reactions and the results obtained. Reports of excess heat production, transmutation reactions and nuclear radiation emission are cited. An aim of this review is to present a summary of the present status of light water LENR research and provide some insight into where this research is heading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHoverviewofa.pdf | ||||
| 2837 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H., Narne, G., Woo, T. | 2005 | Use of combined NAA and SIMS analyses for impurity level isotope detection | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 263, Num = 3, Page = 691-696 | Use of combined NAA and SIMS analyses for impurity level isotope detection | mass spectrometer, method | ||||||||
| 2838 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H. | 2007 | Preparata Medal Lecture - A Tribute to Giuliano Preparata, a TRUE Pioneer in Cold Fusion Theory | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Preparata Medal Lecture - A Tribute to Giuliano Preparata, a TRUE Pioneer in Cold Fusion Theory | review, history | Anyone who attended an ICCF meeting before 2000 has a vivid memory of the brilliant and fiery theoretical physicist, Giuliano Preparata. He provided new insight into the deep mysteries of cold fusion, and greatly enlivened the meetings with his pointed comments and heated debates. . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=10 | |||||
| 2839 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Lipson, A. G., Leon, H., Shrestha, J. | 2007 | Cluster Reactions in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Cluster Reactions in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) | theory | Cold fusion reactions can be divided into two broad classes: deuterium reactions producing excess heat and helium; and transmutations of host metal atoms, termed Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs). Here we review some unique facts about a special class of LENRs leading to an array of transmutation products in thin-film electrodes of palladium (Pd) or nickel (Ni) highly loaded with hydrogen (H) or deuterium (D). This phenomena is explained in terms of the formation of an intermediate compound nucleus, one of which is identified as the double magic number compound nucleus . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=244 | |||||
| 2840 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Lipson, A. G., Luo, N., Shrestha, J. | 2007 | Future Power Generation by LENR with Thin-Film Electrodes (PowerPoint slides) | 233rd ACS National Meeting | Chicago, IL | Future Power Generation by LENR with Thin-Film Electrodes (PowerPoint slides) | Neutron | PowerPoint slides from the ACS 233rd Annual Meeting, Chicago, Il March 29, 2007 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHfuturepowe.pdf | |||||
| 2841 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H. | 2008 | Summary of the Transmutation Workshop held in association with ICCF-14 | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Summary of the Transmutation Workshop held in association with ICCF-14 | review | |||||||
| 2842 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Yang, X. | 2008 | Condensed Matter 'Cluster' Reactions in LENRs | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Condensed Matter 'Cluster' Reactions in LENRs | theory | In this paper we first point out evidence for condensed matter cluster formation based on thin-film electrolysis. Next, measurements of superconductivity in condensed matter deuterium 'clusters' in dislocation sites loaded-deloaded palladium thin films are briefly reviewed, followed by a discussion of techniques under study to increase the number of such sites per unit volume of the electrodes. Estimates for resulting 'cluster reaction' rates -- flow enhanced Pycnonuclear fusion are given. If successful, this approach offers a 'Roadmap' for future power unit based on thin films and clusters. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHcondensedm.pdf | |||||
| 2843 | Book Section | Miley, G. H., Shrestha, J. | 2008 | Transmutation Reactions and Associated Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Effects in Solids | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Transmutation Reactions and Associated Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Effects in Solids | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch009 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch009 | ||||||
| 2844 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H. | 2008 | A Fascinating Review of the Emerging Science of LENRs | 21st Century Sci. & Technol., Vol = 61 | A Fascinating Review of the Emerging Science of LENRs | Review | World Scientific's advertisement for this book explains that, 'One of the most important discoveries of this century -- cold fusion -- was summarily rejected by science and the media before sufficient evidence had been accumulated to make a rational judgment possible. Enough evidence is now available to show that this rejection was wrong and that the discovery of a new source of clean energy may help solve some serious problems currently facing mankind. The book catalogues and evaluates this evidence and shows why the initial reaction was driven more by self-interest than fact.' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHafascinati.pdf | ||||||
| 2845 | Book Section | Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Philberth, K., Lipson, A., Shrestha, P. J. | 2009 | Radiochemical Comparisons on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Uranium | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Radiochemical Comparisons on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Uranium | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch013 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch013 | ||||||
| 2846 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Yang, X., Hora, H., Andersson, L., Holmlid, L., Lipson, A. | 2009 | Clusters with Picometer Distance of Deuterons and LENR (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Clusters with Picometer Distance of Deuterons and LENR (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | The probability of pm-Ms reactions for low energy nuclear reactions LENR and the semiempirical derivation of 2 pm deuteron screening on palladium with a reduction factor 14 in Coulomb repulsion compared with a usual plasma factor 5 was confirmed later by direct experiments. Generation of 2pm distance clusters of about 150 deuterons based on this screening and possibly by a Casimir force permitted understanding of compound reactions as measured with the 155 nucleon minimum measured at LENR. These kinds of deuteron clusters were directly measured by SQUID. Based on screening and comparable values of a Wigner-Seitz radius for very dense deuteron clusters of stable Rydberg matter in defects of iron oxide with measured 2.3 pm nuclear distance is another access which may lead to an understanding of the LENR processes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHclusterswi.pdf | ||||
| 2847 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H., Yang, X., Hora, H. | 2009 | Bose-Einstein type D-cluster Electrode Development | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Bose-Einstein type D-cluster Electrode Development | Our recent research has developed a technique for imbedding ultra high density deuterium ??lusters? (D cluster) in Palladium (Pd) thin film. Experiments have shown that in Pd these condensed matter state clusters approach metallic conditions, exhibiting super conducting properties. Using Temperature Programmed Desorption TPD system, the local concentration of hydrogen in the dislocation core is found to be [H]/[Pd]~1.8. At near 70 ? Pd foil with abundant D clusters also show class II superconductivity, indicating the trapped hydrogen condensed into a metallic-like phase. Room temperature cluster formation is found to be adequate for the desired ?uclear reactive? sites. By careful calculation and experimentation, it is found the D cluster has a Bose Einstein Condensation state when a high deuteron diffusion flux is triggered. The resulting momentum transfer initiates reactions. The trigger can be electrochemical, giving LENR reactions. Thus this configuration can provide a small LENR power cell. Currently, we are searching for new methods to improve the volume density of dislocations. These methods mainly involve modifying Pd thin film with multi-layer structure. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=159 | |||||
| 2848 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H., Yang, X., Hora, H. | 2011 | Ultra-High Density Deuteron-cluster Electrode for Low-energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Ultra-High Density Deuteron-cluster Electrode for Low-energy Nuclear Reactions | Deuterium cluster, Electrolysis, Glow discharge, Laser triggering, Low-energy nuclear reaction, Rydberg matter | This paper reviews new and previous theoretical and experimental studies of the possibility of nuclear events in clusters created in multilayer thin film electrodes, including the correlation between excess heat, transmutations, and the cluster theory that predicts it. As a result of this added understanding of cluster reactions, a new class of electrodes is under study. These electrodes are designed to enhance cluster formation and subsequent reactions. Two approaches are under development. The first employs improved loading-unloading techniques, intended to obtain a higher volumetric density of sites favoring cluster formation. The second is designed to achieve Rydberg Matters. Various methods of exciting (triggering) cluster reactions are also discussed. Based on these insights, the design of Low-energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) power cells is proposed. While still in the research stage, this approach promises ultimate development of ?reen? nuclear powered ?atteries? offering remarkable energy densities well beyond present technology. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=264 | ||||||
| 2849 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G. H. | 2012 | LENR Reactions Using Clusters (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | LENR Reactions Using Clusters (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Our previous experimental results have demonstrated the formation of ultra high-density hydrogen/deuterium nanoclusters with 10E24 atom/cm^3 in metal defects. Both experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that due to the close distance between ions in the cluster, they can easily be induced to undergo intense nuclear reactions among themselves and some neighboring lattice atoms. In view of their multi-body nature, such reactions are termed Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) -- a terminology generally accepted by workers in the cold fusion field. Since the interacting ions have little momentum, the compound nucleus formed in these reactions is near the ground state so few energetic particles are emitted from it's decay. Triggering excess heat generation, thus nuclear reactions in LENR experiments has been accomplished in various ways, all involving the loading of protons or deuterons into a solid metal or alloy material. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MileyGHlenrreacti.pdf | |||||
| 2850 | Journal Article | Miley, G. H., Yang, X., Kim, K-J., Hora, H. | 2014 | Use of D/H Clusters in LENR and Recent Results from Gas Loaded Nanoparticle-Type Clusters | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | Use of D/H Clusters in LENR and Recent Results from Gas Loaded Nanoparticle-Type Clusters | Gas-loading system, Low-energy nuclear reaction, Nanoparticles | Anomalous heat, attributed to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs), is obtained by pressurizing metal alloy nanoparticles with deuterium gas. The reactions are enhanced by creation of ultra high density deuterium clusters in the nanoparticles. Experiments comparing various nanoparticles and plans for a proof-of-principle unit are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=421 | ||||||
| 2851 | Journal Article | Miljanic, S., Jevtic, N., Pesic, S., Ninkovic, M., Nikolic, D., Josipovic, M., Petkovska, L. J., Bacic, S. | 1990 | An attempt to replicate cold fusion claims | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | An attempt to replicate cold fusion claims | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, CR-39, D2, titanium | ||||||||
| 2852 | Journal Article | Miller, R. J., Brun, T. O., Satterthwaite, C .B. | 1978 | Magnetic Susceptibility of Pd-H and Pd-D at Temperatures Between 6 and 150 K | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 18 | Magnetic Susceptibility of Pd-H and Pd-D at Temperatures Between 6 and 150 K | Pd, H, D, magnetic Susceptibility, PdH, PdD | ||||||||
| 2853 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Farrell, J. J. | 1990 | A New Atomic Theory | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 18 | A New Atomic Theory | theory | ||||||||
| 2854 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Kneizys, P. | 1991 | Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion | theory, hydrino, Ni, H2O, heat, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 2855 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L. | 1992 | Reply to 'Comments on 'Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion'' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Reply to 'Comments on 'Excess heat production by the electrolysis of an aqueous potassium carbonate electrolyte and the implications for cold fusion'' | critique, Mayer | ||||||||
| 2856 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Good, W. R., Shaubach, R. M. | 1994 | Dihydrino molecule identification | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | Dihydrino molecule identification | theory, hydrino | ||||||||
| 2857 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Good, W. R. | 1995 | Fractional quantum energy levels of hydrogen | Fusion Technol., Vol = 28 | Fractional quantum energy levels of hydrogen | theory, hydrino, x-ray, Ni, H2O, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 2858 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L. | 1998 | Comments on 'Interaction of palladium/hydrogen and palladium/deuterium to measure the excess energy per atom for each isotope' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Comments on 'Interaction of palladium/hydrogen and palladium/deuterium to measure the excess energy per atom for each isotope' | Polemic, critique, Dufour, hydrino, hydrex | ||||||||
| 2859 | Book | Mills, R. L., Good, W. R. | 1999 | various papers | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Blacklight Power | Editor, Series various papers | theory, hydrino | |||||||
| 2860 | Patent | Mills, R. L. | 2000 | Lower-energy hydrogen methods and structures | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | US 6,024,935 | Tertiary Lower-energy hydrogen methods and structures Lower-energy hydrogen methods and structures | hydrino, theory, patent | |||||||
| 2861 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L. | 2000 | Novel Hydrogen Compounds from a Potassium Carbonate Electrolytic Cell | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Novel Hydrogen Compounds from a Potassium Carbonate Electrolytic Cell | H2O. electrolysis hydrino | ||||||||
| 2862 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Dhandapani, B., Nansteel, M., He, J., Voigt, A. | 2001 | Identification of compounds containing novel hydride ions by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy | J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 26 | Identification of compounds containing novel hydride ions by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy | hydrino NMR preparation | ||||||||
| 2863 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Ray, P. | 2002 | Spectral Emission of Fractional Quantum Energy Levels of Atomic Hydrogen from a Helium-Hydrogen Plasma and the Implications for Dark Matter | J. Hydrogen Eng., Vol = 27 | 2002 | Spectral Emission of Fractional Quantum Energy Levels of Atomic Hydrogen from a Helium-Hydrogen Plasma and the Implications for Dark Matter | hydrino, Mills, theory | |||||||
| 2864 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Ray, P. | 2002 | Vibrational Spectral Emission of Fractional-Principal-Quantum-Energy-Level Hydrogen Molecule Ion | J. Hydrogen Eng., Vol = 27 | Vibrational Spectral Emission of Fractional-Principal-Quantum-Energy-Level Hydrogen Molecule Ion | hydrino, Mills, theory | ||||||||
| 2865 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Ray, P. | 2002 | The Grand Unified Theory of Classical Quantum Mechanics | J. Hydrogen Eng., Vol = 27 | The Grand Unified Theory of Classical Quantum Mechanics | theory, Mills, hydrino | ||||||||
| 2866 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L., Ray, P. C., Dhandapani, B., Mayo, R. M., He, J. | 2002 | Comparison of excessive Balmer alpha line broadening of glow discharge and microwave hydrogen plasmas with certain catalysts | J. Appl.Phys., Vol = 92 | Comparison of excessive Balmer alpha line broadening of glow discharge and microwave hydrogen plasmas with certain catalysts | Experimental, hydrinos, plasma emissions, res+ | ||||||||
| 2867 | Journal Article | Mills, R. L. | 2003 | Author's Response to a Letter to the Editor | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 28 | Author's Response to a Letter to the Editor | Polemic | ||||||||
| 2868 | Book | Milton, R. | 1994 | Forbidden science. Suppressed research that could change our lives | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 28 | Fourth Estate | London | Forbidden science. Suppressed research that could change our lives | history | 1-85702-188-6 | |||||
| 2869 | Conference Proceedings | Minari, T., Nishio, R., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Kitamura, A. | 2004 | Experiments on Condensed Matter Nuclear Events in Kobe University | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Experiments on Condensed Matter Nuclear Events in Kobe University | deuteron beam | We review three kinds of experimental work underway in our laboratory to investigate nuclear events in solid or liquid materials. The largest effort has been given to experiments to confirm the 7Li(d,n2a) reaction rate enhancement reaching 10^15 in liquid lithium which was reported by H. Ikegami et al. [4] Li liquid droplets are formed as targets, and to keep them as pure as possible, we built a liquid Li loop. Thus far, in all cases of irradiation at the temperature from 520 to 570 K with 10 - 24 keV deuterons, we have not been able to reproduce the Ikegami enhancement for the 7Li(d,n2a) reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MinariTexperiment.pdf | |||||
| 2870 | Conference Proceedings | Minato, J., Nakata, T., Denzumi, S., Yamamoto, Y., Takahashi, A., Aida, H., Tsuchida, Y., Akita, H., Kunimatsu, K. | 1995 | Materials/Surface Aspects of Hydrogen/Deuterium Loading into Pd Cathode | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 383 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monac | April 9-13, 1995 | Materials/Surface Aspects of Hydrogen/Deuterium Loading into Pd Cathode | loading, Pd, D2O, Pd-Rh, resistivity, D/Pd, electrolysis, ICCF-5 | Electrolytic hydrogen and deuterium loading into Pd and Pd-Rh alloys have been investigated applying various modes of surface modification: thiourea on Pd and Pd-Rh, Pd black on Pd and Pd-Rh and Pd-Rh deposit on Pd. From these systematic data role of the bulk and surface properties of the cathode in determining the maximum loading has been discussed. The cathode loading is improved for Pd and Pd-Rh with a surface modified by thiourea and Pd modified by Pd-Rh deposit, while reduction of the cathode loading was observed when the surface of the Pd-Rh alloy cathode was modified by P d -black. These results show clearly importance of controlling the surface catalytic property of the cathode in controlling and improving the maximum cathode loading. It has been found that DlP d > 0 . 95 can be achieved reproducibly in electrolyte solutions containing thiourea at high concentrations. However, electrolysis in solutions containing thiourea can be conducted successfully only when the anode and cathode are separated by an ion exchange membrane in order to avoid the consumption of thiourea by anodic oxidation at the anode. Resistance ratio vs D/Pd compared to their study and to the result of using the SRI equation. Effect of thiourea on loading shown. The higher the concentration, the higher the D/Pd ratio. However, for this effect to be maintained, the thiourea must be isolated from oxidation at the anode. Deloading down to 0.572 caused a higher D/Pd upon reloading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=188 | ||
| 2871 | Journal Article | Mintmire, J. W., Dunlap, B. I., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Ladouceur, H. D., Schmidt, P. P., White, C. T., O'Grady, W. E. | 1989 | Chemical forces associated with deuterium confinement in palladium | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 138, Num = 1,2, Page = 51 | Chemical forces associated with deuterium confinement in palladium | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 2872 | Journal Article | Miskelly, G. M., Heben, M. J., Kumar, A., Penner, R. M., Sailor, M. J., Lewis, N. S. | 1989 | Analysis of the published calorimetric evidence for electrochemical fusion of deuterium in palladium | Science, Vol = 246 | Analysis of the published calorimetric evidence for electrochemical fusion of deuterium in palladium | review, critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 2873 | Journal Article | Mitsuishi, N., Yuki, T., Ichihara, I. | 1983 | Characteristics of the Permeation of Hydrogen-Inlet Gas Mixtures Through a Palladium Alloy Tube Wall | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 89 | Characteristics of the Permeation of Hydrogen-Inlet Gas Mixtures Through a Palladium Alloy Tube Wall | PdH, diffusion, Pd-Ag | ||||||||
| 2874 | Conference Proceedings | Miura, H. | 2005 | Study On Formation Of Tetrahedral Or Octahedral Symmetric Condensation By Hopping Of Alkali Or Alkaline-Earth Metal | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Study On Formation Of Tetrahedral Or Octahedral Symmetric Condensation By Hopping Of Alkali Or Alkaline-Earth Metal | theory | Formation of tetrahedral or octahedral condensation related to the experiments on electrolysis or deuterium permeation was studied.? We obtained the scenario about the formation that alkali or alkaline-earth metal ions infiltrating into the host metal made cavities there when they hopped onto the other sites of the crystal lattice of it, then through squeezing of H+/D+ ions in the cavity tetrahedral or octahedral condensation of protons/deuterons is caused. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MiuraHstudyonfor.pdf | ||||
| 2875 | Conference Proceedings | Miura, H. | 2005 | Study On Formation Of Tetrahedral Or Octahedral Symmetric Condensation By Hopping Of Alkali Or Alkaline-Earth Metal (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Study On Formation Of Tetrahedral Or Octahedral Symmetric Condensation By Hopping Of Alkali Or Alkaline-Earth Metal (PowerPoint slides) | theory | ||||||
| 2876 | Conference Proceedings | Miyake, M., Hirooka, Y., Shinmura, H., Yamanaka, S., Sano, T., Higashiguchi, Y. | 1981 | Absorption and Desorption Behavior of Hydrogen by Neutron Irradiated Titanium | 2nd Topical Meeting on Fusion Reactor Materials | Seattle | Aug. 1981 | Absorption and Desorption Behavior of Hydrogen by Neutron Irradiated Titanium | H2, titanium, loading | ||||||
| 2877 | Conference Proceedings | Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A. | 1992 | Periodically Current-Controlled Electrolysis of D2O/Pd System for Excess Heat Production | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 393 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Periodically Current-Controlled Electrolysis of D2O/Pd System for Excess Heat Production | Pd, D2O, heat, electrolysis, Tanaka, ICCF-3 | For the purpose of clarifying the correlation between current density and excess heat production in the D2O/Pd electrolysis, a new measurement system with an open type calorimeter was constructed. And electrolysis cell was specially designed and applied current was changed every few hours. Some palladium plates were electrolyzed with various current densities. A slight excess heat was observed during step-up mode electrolysis of the palladium plate called the first batch. No excess heat was observed with other palladium plates. Though the relation between applied current patterns and excess heat level was not clear, this study suggests that palladium material feature has an important role in excess heat production. Tanaka Metals Batches 1, 2 and 3 were studied. Only Batch 1 produced heat. Very little detail given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=133 | ||
| 2878 | Conference Proceedings | Miyamaru, H., Chimi, Y., Inokuchi, T., Takahashi, A. | 1993 | Search for Nuclear Products of Cold Fusion | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 2 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Search for Nuclear Products of Cold Fusion | Pd, D2O, neutron, Helium, hardness loading ICCF-4 electrolysis | |||||
| 2879 | Conference Proceedings | Miyamoto, S., Sueki, K., Iwai, H., Fujii, M., Shirakawa, T., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Nakamitsu, Y., Chiba, M., Hirose, T., Nakahara, H. | 1991 | Measurement of Protons and Observation of the Change of Electrolysis Parameters in the Galvanostatic Electrolysis of the 0.1M-LiOD/D2O Solution | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 523 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Measurement of Protons and Observation of the Change of Electrolysis Parameters in the Galvanostatic Electrolysis of the 0.1M-LiOD/D2O Solution | Pd, D2O, particle emission, layer, ICCF-2, electrolysis | In order to confirm the cold fusion phenomenon, measurements of protons in the galvanostatic electrolysis of the 0.1M-LiOD/D2O solution have been carried out. The upper limits of fusion rates was deduced to be 1.35?10^-24 fusion/d-d/sec with an assumption of the atomic ratio D/Pd of unity. No charge particles predicted by Takahashi for d-d-d fusions were observed. The Li content of the electrolyte was measured by ICP-AES after the electrolysis and found to be appreciably reduced in the electrolyte; the rest being found mostly in the 0.5%-Pd alumina catalyst used for recombination of D2 and O2 and partly in the Pd cathode. Thin Pd foil electrolyzed from one side. The other side was coated with SiO2 to prevent D leakage. D/Pd=0.65 and 0.71. No particle emission observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=261 | ||
| 2880 | Conference Proceedings | Miyamoto, S., Sueki, K., Kobayashi, K., Fujii, M., Chiba, M., Nakahara, H., Shirakawa, T., Kobayashi, T., Yanokura, M., Aratani, M. | 1993 | Movement of Li During Electrolysis of 0.1M-LiOD/D2O Solution | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 28 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Movement of Li During Electrolysis of 0.1M-LiOD/D2O Solution | Pd, Li, D2O, analysis, surface, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 2881 | Conference Proceedings | Miyamoto, M., Awa, Y., Kubota, N., Tamiike, A., Furuyama, Y., Kitamura, A. | 2002 | Deuterium ion beam irradiation of palladium under in situ control of deuterium density | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Deuterium ion beam irradiation of palladium under in situ control of deuterium density 4033 | ICCF-9, ion beam, D2, Pd, implanation, Au, charged particle | |||||
| 2882 | Journal Article | Miyoshi, Y., Sakoh, H., Taniike, A., Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2013 | Effect of Forced Oxidation on Hydrogen Isotope Absorption/Adsorption Characteristics of Pd-Ni-Zr Oxide Compounds | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 10 | Effect of Forced Oxidation on Hydrogen Isotope Absorption/Adsorption Characteristics of Pd-Ni-Zr Oxide Compounds | Anomalous heat, Deuterium absorption, Differential heat of hydrogen uptake, Forced oxidation, Isotope effect | Deuterium and protium gas absorption/adsorption by 0.1-?! Pd powder (PP), Pd-black (PB), Pd nano-particles ('10nm!) admixed with ZrO2 (PZ) and Pd?i binary nano-particles ('2 nm!) dispersed in ZrO2 holder-flakes (PNZ2B) has been examined. For the PP, the PB and the PZ samples, both the deoxidized samples and those reused without baking process showed essentially the same values of the loading ratio D(H)/Pd, the specific output energy E1 and the hydridation energy QD(H) which are consistent with the published values for bulky samples. For the as-received and oxidized samples both D(H)/Pd and E1 are increasing functions of fineness of the Pd surface, and exceeds 2.0 and 1.5 eV/atom-Pd, respectively, for the PZ sample, giving the hydridation energy larger than the published value of the surface adsorption energy of 0.5 eV for bulky Pd samples. A rather large isotope effect in the differential heat of sorption, 'D(H), has sometimes been observed in the 1a-phase characteristic of the oxygen-treated samples. The Pd0.04Ni0.29Zr0.67 oxide composite sample, PNZ2B, has unique properties: Both D(H)/[Pd?i] # 3.0 and E1 # 1.4 eV/atom- [Pd?i] for the as-received, the oxidized and deoxidized sample runs are very large, while QD(H) = 0.50? 0.1 eV/atom-D(H) for all cases is modest. It is inferred that the Pd atoms act as a catalyst for the hydrogen isotope absorption/adsorption of Ni at room temperature. From the fact that the No. 2 run after the forced deoxidation has essentially the same values of the absorption parameters as those of the No. 1 and No. 3 runs, it is inferred that the surface adsorption potential is made shallower in the PNZ2B sample than in Pd-based samples. The ratio 'D/'H is sometimes greater than 1.5, which appears to be suggesting the existence of heat component of nuclear origin. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedi.pdf#page=51 | ||||||
| 2883 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Sato, N. | 1989 | Neutron evolution from annealed palladium cathode in LiOD-D2O solution | Denki Kagaku, Vol = 57 | Neutron evolution from annealed palladium cathode in LiOD-D2O solution | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 2884 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Sato, N. | 1991 | Tritium evolution during cathode polarization of palladium electrode in D2O solution | Denki Kagaku, Vol = 59 | Tritium evolution during cathode polarization of palladium electrode in D2O solution | tritium, electrolysis, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 2885 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Enyo, M. | 1992 | Cold Fusion Reaction Products and Behavior of Deuterium Absorption in Pd Electrode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 373 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Cold Fusion Reaction Products and Behavior of Deuterium Absorption in Pd Electrode | Pd, D2O, heat+, Current Density, D/Pd, loading, ICCF-3 | Excess heat generation from Pd electrode during cathodic polarization in D2O LiOD solution was investigated as a function of D/Pd loading ratio. The excess heat was observed when a Pd sample was filled with deuterium in D/Pd ~0.90 by cathodic charging. The excess heat increased with D/Pd in an exponential manner: the heat was of the order of magnitude of 0.1 Watt/cm^2 at D/PD ~1.0. The D/Pd values vs current density and excess heat are given. D/Pd as high as 1.2 is reported. Claims to have done the study near 100 deg C. After an initial steep rise in D/Pd, there was a gradual increase in D content over a 7 day period. Method used to measure D content not given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=113 | ||
| 2886 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Enyo, M. | 1992 | Diffusion rate of deuterium in Pd during cathodic charging | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 60 | Diffusion rate of deuterium in Pd during cathodic charging | Pd, diffusion, loading, phase diagram gamma phase | ||||||||
| 2887 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Enyo, M., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K. | 1993 | Anomalous Heat Evolution from SrCeO3-Type Proton Conductors during Absorption/Desorption in Alternate Electric Field | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 14 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Anomalous Heat Evolution from SrCeO3-Type Proton Conductors during Absorption/Desorption in Alternate Electric Field | SrCeO3, D2, Proton Conductor, heat+, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 2888 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Inoda, K., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Kitaichi, M., Kurokawa, K., Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1995 | Formation of 197Pt radioisotopes in solid state electrolyte treated by high temperature electrolysis in D2 gas | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 9 | Formation of 197Pt radioisotopes in solid state electrolyte treated by high temperature electrolysis in D2 gas | transmutation proton conductor gamma emission radioactivity, D2 | ||||||||
| 2889 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T. | 1996 | Analysis of Elements for Solid State Electrolyte in Deuterium Atmosphere during Applied Field | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 79 | Analysis of Elements for Solid State Electrolyte in Deuterium Atmosphere during Applied Field | transmutation, proton conductor, D2 | A proton conductor, the solid state electrolyte, made from oxide of strontium, cerium, niobium and yttrium can be charged in a hot D2 gas atmosphere to produce excess heat. Anomalous heat evolution was observed for 12 in 80 cases of the samples charged by alternating current for 5 to 45 Volts at temperatures ranging from 400 to 700(C. Several kinds of alkali metals, Ca, Mg, Bismuth, Lantanides and Aluminum were locally segregated and distributed around the melted and swelled parts of the samples that generated an excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTanalysisof.pdf | ||||||
| 2890 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Isotopic changes of the reaction products induced by cathodic electrolysis in Pd | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 31 | Isotopic changes of the reaction products induced by cathodic electrolysis in Pd | transmutation, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | It was confirmed by several analytic methods that reaction products with mass numbers ranging from 6 to 220 are deposited on palladium cathodes subjected to electrolysis in a heavy water solution at high pressure, high temperature, and high current density for one month. These masses were composed of many elements ranging from hydrogen to lead. Isotopic distributions for the produced elements were radically different from the natural ones. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTisotopicch.pdf | ||||||
| 2891 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Anomalous Isotopic Distribution in Palladium Cathode After Electrolysis | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 37 | Anomalous Isotopic Distribution in Palladium Cathode After Electrolysis | electrolysis, transmutation, Pd | ||||||||
| 2892 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Akimoto, T., Kurokawa, K., Kitaichi, M., Inoda, K., Azumi, K., Shimokawa, S., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Isotopic distribution for the elements evolved in palladium cathode after electrolysis in D2O solution | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 665 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Isotopic distribution for the elements evolved in palladium cathode after electrolysis in D2O solution | transmutation | It was confIrmed by several analytic methods that reaction products with mass number ranging from 1 to 208 are deposited on palladium cathodes subjected to electrolysis in a heavy water solution at high pressure, high temperature, and high current density for one month. These masses were composed with many elements ranged from hydrogen and lead. Isotopic distributions for the produced elements were radically different from the natural ones. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=266 | |||
| 2893 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Kitaichi, M., Kurokawa, K. | 1996 | Anomalous heat evolution from a solid-state electrolyte under alternating current in high-temperature D2 gas | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | Anomalous heat evolution from a solid-state electrolyte under alternating current in high-temperature D2 gas Instead of the usual Pd or Ti, the proton conductors, pressed tablets of mixed strontium, cerium, yttrium and niobium oxides were loaded with deuterium gas at 400-700C after careful treatment at high temperature and vacuum to drive out initial gases. While charging, alternating voltages of 5-45 V were applied to the oxide plates, at frequencies from 0.0001 to 1 Hz. Some minor differences in curves of system temperature vs input power were observed between runs with H2 and D2, and are taken to be signs of excess heat generated in the deuterium loading runs. There are shown some correlations of excess heat appearance with the the introduction of deuterium and stopping its flow. Only 5% of samples showed the effect. | metal oxide D2, heat+, proton conductor, solid electrolyte | A coin-shaped proton conductor made from metal oxides of strontium and cerium can be charged in a hot D2 gas atmosphere to produce excess heat. Anomalous heat evolution was observed from the proton conductors charged with alternating current at 5 to 45 V at temperatures ranging from 400 to 700?. The anomalous heat produced temperature increases as much as 50?. Excess heat was estimated as a few watts in most cases, totaling up to several kilojoules. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTanomalousha.pdf | ||||||
| 2894 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Kurokawa, K., Akimoto, T., Kitaichi, M., Inoda, K., Azumi, K., Shimokawa, S., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Anomalous isotopic distribution of elements deposited on palladium induced by cathodic electrolysis | Denki Kagaku oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 64 | Anomalous isotopic distribution of elements deposited on palladium induced by cathodic electrolysis | transmutation, electrolysis, surface analysis, Pd | It was confirmed by several analytic methods that reaction products with mass number ranging from 20 to 28, 46 to 54, and 72 to 82 are produced in palladium cathodes subjected to electrolysis in a heavy water solution at high pressure, high temperature, and high current density for one month. Isotopic distributions were radically different from the natural ones. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTanomalousia.pdf | ||||||
| 2895 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Inoda, K., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Kitaichi, M., Kurokawa, K., Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1997 | Anomalous gamma peak evolution from SrCe solid state electrolyte charged in D2 gas | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 22 | Anomalous gamma peak evolution from SrCe solid state electrolyte charged in D2 gas | proton conductor D2, gamma emission transmutation | ||||||||
| 2896 | Book | Mizuno, T. | 1998 | Nuclear Transmutation: The Reality of Cold Fusion | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 22 | Infinite Energy Press | Concord, NH | Nuclear Transmutation: The Reality of Cold Fusion | transmutation history | The announcement of cold fusion in March 1989 at the University of Utah was greeted with worldwide hysteria. Drs. Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons had claimed that an electrochemical cell with heavy water electrolyte and a palladium cathode put out so much excess energy that the mysterious phenomenon had to be nuclear, and was probably a process related to nuclear fusion. Newspapers and magazines said it might be a major scientific discovery with the potential to end the energy crisis and revolutionize society. For a few heady weeks the public took it seriously and waited anxiously for laboratories to replicate the results. Many scientists quickly took sides for or against cold fusion - mostly against. Then, by the end of the summer of 1989 the official word came, in an authoritative report written by a select panel of experts under the auspices of the Department of Energy: cold fusion was a bust. It did not exist. It was an experimental error. It could not be reproduced. Nearly every scientific journal, magazine and newspaper on earth reported this, and cold fusion abruptly dropped out of the headlines. The story, it seemed, was over. Actually, it had barely begun. Only a few thousand electrochemists in the world were qualified to do the experiments, and most of them were too busy or not interested in trying. In that autumn as public interest faded and the U.S. Department of Energy pronounced a death sentence, a small number of experienced scientists prepared serious, full-scale experiments. One of them was Tadahiko Mizuno, an assistant professor who had been doing similar electrochemical experiments for more than twenty years. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTnucleartra.pdf | ||||
| 2897 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Akimoto, T. | 1998 | Probability of Neutron and Heat Emission from Pt Electrode Induced by Discharge in Alkaline Solution | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 247 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Probability of Neutron and Heat Emission from Pt Electrode Induced by Discharge in Alkaline Solution | neutron, heat+, plasma discharge, Pt, ICCF-7 | Probability of the production of neutrons was discussed during electrolytic discharge at high voltage in a light and heavy water solution containing an alkaline ion. We employed a He-3 neutron detector and a NE-2 1 3 scintillator to measure neutron emission and energy distribution. We counted up to several million neutrons per second. High heat output of the order of several hundred watts was observed from input power of tens of watts The neutron counts detected by the He-3 detector increased with discharge time after an induction period, and showed radical fluctuations. Absorption of neutrons by cadmium showed them to be thermal Copper and iron showed no count changes. The rate of neutron emission increased with the input volt Moreover, the rate was increased with the concentration of the ions and their mass number. Their rate was ten times higher in heavy water than light water solution. The neutron emission rate corresponded linearly with the input current, except at the low input coulomb range due to induction time. From this linear relation, it was observed that the typical dependence of neutron emission/current during 1 hour was 1000000 /s/A/cm2 for a platinum electrode in 0.5 molar potassium carbonate of heavy water solution. We can conclude that a nuclear reaction would be induced by the electric discharge on the metal surface in the solution. The reaction probably took place in the thin layer between the electrolyte and electrode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=247 | ||
| 2898 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T. | 1998 | Neutron and Heat Generation Induced by Electric Discharge | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 33 | Neutron and Heat Generation Induced by Electric Discharge | neutron, heat, gas discharge | ||||||||
| 2899 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1998 | Confirmation of the changes of isotopic distribution for the elements on palladium cathode after strong electrolysis in D2O solutions | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 6, Num = 1, Page = 45 | Confirmation of the changes of isotopic distribution for the elements on palladium cathode after strong electrolysis in D2O solutions | Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis, D2O, transmutation Xe | ||||||||
| 2900 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T. | 2000 | Experimental Confirmation of the Nuclear Reaction at Low Energy Caused by Electrolysis in the Electrolyte | Proceedings for the Symposium on Advanced Research in Energy Technology 2000 | Hokkaido University | March 15-17, 2000 | Experimental Confirmation of the Nuclear Reaction at Low Energy Caused by Electrolysis in the Electrolyte | transmutation electrolysis Pd D2O | Section 1.0 Confirmation with a palladium electrode in the heavy water electrolyte. 1.1 Summary Many elements on Pd electrodes were confirmed by several analytic methods; reaction products with the mass number up to 208 are deposited on palladium cathodes, which were subjected to electrolysis in a heavy water solution at high pressure, temperature, and current density for prolonged time. These masses were composed of many elements ranging from hydrogen to lead. Extraordinary changes of their isotopic distributions in the produced elements were observed; these were radically different from the ones found in nature. Essentially the same phenomenon was confirmed eight times with high reproducibility at high cathodic current density, above 0.2 A/cm^2. All the possibilities of contamination had been carefully eliminated by several pretreatments for the sample and electrolysis system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTexperiment.pdf | ||||
| 2901 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Azumi, K., Akimoto, T., Takahashi, A. | 2000 | Confirmation of Heat Generation and Anomalous Element Caused by Plasma Electrolysis in the Liquid | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 75 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Confirmation of Heat Generation and Anomalous Element Caused by Plasma Electrolysis in the Liquid | plasma discharge, heat, transmutation, ICCF-8 | Plasma was formed on the electrode surface in a liquid electrolyte when a metal cathode was polarized in high voltage electrolysis in the solution. During the plasma electrolysis large amounts of heat are sometimes generated. The heat can exceed input substantially, in some cases by up to 200 percent of input power. At the same time, anomalous elements are detected in the electrolyte and on the electrode surface. Based on the heat and the product, we hypothesize a nuclear reaction can be induced by photon activation on the cathode element. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTconfirmatia.pdf | ||
| 2902 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Akimoto, T., Takahashi, A. | 2000 | Production of Heat During Plasma Electrolysis | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 39 | Production of Heat During Plasma Electrolysis | heat+, plasma discharge, H2O | Plasma was formed on the surface of an electrode in a liquid solution when metal cathodes underwent high-voltage electrolysis. A real-time heat calibration system was designed for detecting the amount of heat generated during plasma electrolysis. The measured heat exceeded the input power substantially, and in some cases 200% of the input power. The heat generation process depended on the conditions for electrolysis. There was no excess heat at the beginning of plasma electrolysis. However, after plasma electrolysis for a long time, a large amount of heat was generated. The reproducibility would be 100% if all factors such as temperature, voltage and duration were optimized. Based on the heat and the products, we hypothesize that some unique reaction occurs on the cathode surface. This reaction may not occur at energy levels available during electrochemical electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTproduction.pdf | ||||||
| 2903 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Ohmori, T., Takahashi, A., Yamada, H., Numata, H. | 2001 | Neutron Evolution from a Palladium Electrode by Alternate Absorption Treatment of Deuterium and Hydrogen | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 40, Num = 9A/B, Page = L989-L991 | Neutron Evolution from a Palladium Electrode by Alternate Absorption Treatment of Deuterium and Hydrogen | neutron, electrolysis, D2O H2O | We observed neutron emissions from palladium after it absorbed deuterium from heavy water followed by hydrogen from light water. The neutron count, the duration of the release and the time of the release after electrolysis was initiated all fluctuated considerably. Neutron emissions were observed in five out of ten test cases. In all previous experiments reported, only heavy water was used, and light water was absorbed only in accidental contamination. Compared to these deuterium results, the neutron count is orders of magnitude higher, and reproducibility is much improved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTneutronevoa.pdf | ||||||
| 2904 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Ohmori, T., Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Relation Between Neutron Evolution and Deuterium Permeation With a Palladium Electrode | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | 2002 | Relation Between Neutron Evolution and Deuterium Permeation With a Palladium Electrode | neutron Pd electrolysis D2O H2O, ICCF-9 | We observed neutron emissions from palladium after it absorbed deuterium from heavy water followed by hydrogen from light water. The neutron count, the duration of the release and the time of the release after electrolysis was initiated all fluctuated considerably. Neutron emissions were observed in five out of ten test cases. In all previous experiments reported, only heavy water was used, and light water was absorbed only in accidental contamination. Compared to these deuterium results, the neutron count is orders of magnitude higher, and reproducibility is much improved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTrelationbe.pdf | |||
| 2905 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Ohmori, T. | 2003 | Confirmation of anomalous hydrogen generation by plasma electrolysis | 4th Meeting of Japan CF Research Society | Iwate, Japan: Iwate University | 2003 | Confirmation of anomalous hydrogen generation by plasma electrolysis | plasma electrolysis, hydrogen generation, current efficiency, heat | Direct decomposition of water is very difficult in normal conditions. Hydrogen gas is usually obtained by the electrolysis. Pyrolysis decomposition of water occurs at high temperatures, starting at ~3000?. As we have already reported, anomalous hydrogen is sometimes generated during plasma electrolysis. Excess hydrogen usually appears once certain difficult conditions during high temperature glow discharge electrolysis are met. Here, we show that anomalous amounts of hydrogen and oxygen gas are generated during plasma electrolysis excess gas generation, presumably from pyrolysis. This is indirect proof that exceptionally high temperatures have been achieved. (Direct measurement of the reaction temperature has proved difficult.) Continuous generation of hydrogen above levels predicted by Faraday's law is observed when temperature, current density, input voltage and electrode surface meet certain conditions. Although only a few observations of excess hydrogen gas production have been made, production is sometimes 80 times higher than normal Faradic electrolysis gas production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTconfirmatib.pdf | ||||
| 2906 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Akimoto, T. | 2003 | Generation of Heat and Products During Plasma Electrolysis | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Generation of Heat and Products During Plasma Electrolysis | plasma electrolysis, pyrolysis, hydrogen generation, current efficiency | Direct decomposition of water is very difficult to achieve in normal conditions. Hydrogen gas can be usually obtained by electrolysis and a pyrolysis reaction at high temperatures above 3700 degrees Celsius. However, as we have already reported, anomalous heat generation during plasma electrolysis is relatively easy to obtain under the right simultaneous conditions of high temperature and electrolysis. In this paper we discuss the anomalous amount of hydrogen and oxygen gas generated during plasma electrolysis. The generation of hydrogen in amounts exceeding Faraday's law is continuously observed when the conditions such as temperature, current density, input voltage and electrode surface are suitable. Non-Faradic generation of hydrogen gas is sometimes 80 times higher than the gas from normal electrolysis. Excess hydrogen has proved difficult to replicate by other laboratories, although we are able to reproduce it regularly. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTgeneration.pdf | |||
| 2907 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Takahashi, A., Celani, F. | 2004 | Neutron emission from D2 gas in magnetic fields under low temperature | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Neutron emission from D2 gas in magnetic fields under low temperature | neutron | Summary We observed neutron emissions from pure deuterium gas after it was cooled in liquid nitrogen and placed in a magnetic field. Neutron emissions were observed in ten out of ten test cases. Neutron burst of 5.5 c/s were 1000 times higher than the background counts. These bursts occurred one or two times within a 300 second interval. The total neutron emission can be estimated from the counting efficiency, and it was 104 ~ 105 c/s. The reaction appears to be highly reproducible, reliably generating high neutron emissions. We conclude that the models proposed heretofore based upon d-d reactions are inadequate to explain the present results, which must involve magnetic field nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTneutronemi.pdf | |||||
| 2908 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Chung, D., Sesftel, F., Aoki, Y. | 2004 | Generation of Heat and Products During Plasma Electrolysis | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Generation of Heat and Products During Plasma Electrolysis | plasma electrolysis, glow discharge, hydrogen generation, transmutation | Direct decomposition of water is very difficult in normal conditions. Hydrogen gas can be usually obtained by electrolysis or by a pyrolysis reaction at high temperatures, starting at approximately 3700?. However, as we have already reported, anomalous heat generation can occur during plasma electrolysis, and this process makes it rather easy to achieve both electrolysis and pyrolysis simultaneously. In this paper we describe anomalous amounts of hydrogen and oxygen gas generated during plasma electrolysis. The generation of hydrogen far in excess of amounts predicted by Faraday's law is continuously observed when conditions such as temperature, current density, input voltage and electrode surface are suitable. Non-Faraday generation of hydrogen gas sometimes produces more than 80 times as much hydrogen as normal electrolysis does. Unfortunately there have been few claimed replications of excess hydrogen, even in rare cases in which excess heat is claimed. In most cases, no excess heat or hydrogen is observed. The reaction products found after electrolysis were different after excess heat generation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTgenerationa.pdf | |||||
| 2909 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Toriyabe, Y. | 2005 | Anomalous energy generation during conventional electrolysis | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Anomalous energy generation during conventional electrolysis | Excess heat, calorimeter | We experienced an explosive energy release during a conventional electrolysis experiment. The cell was a 1000 cc Pyrex glass vessel that has been in use for 5 years. It contained 700 cc of 0.2 M K2CO3 electrolyte; a platinum mesh anode; and a tungsten cathode wire 1.5 mm in diameter, 29 cm long, with 3 cm exposed to the electrolyte. The estimated heat out was 800 times higher than input power, based on the data recorded up to the moment of the event. There were many elements deposited on the electrode surface. The major elements were Ca and S and the total mol was roughly estimated as 10^-6. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTanomalouse.pdf | ||||
| 2910 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Akimoto, T., Azumi, K., Ohmori, T., Aoki, Y., Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Hydrogen Evolution by Plasma Electrolysis in Aqueous Solution | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 44, Num = 1A, Page = 396-401 | Hydrogen Evolution by Plasma Electrolysis in Aqueous Solution | glow discharge, calorimetry, excess hydrogen | Hydrogen has recently attracted attention as a possible solution to environmental and energy problems. If hydrogen should be considered an energy storage medium rather than a natural resource. However, free hydrogen does not exist on earth. Many techniques for obtaining hydrogen have been proposed. It can be reformulated from conventional hydrocarbon fuels, or obtained directly from water by electrolysis or high-temperature pyrolysis with a heat source such as a nuclear reactor. However, the efficiencies of these methods are low. The direct heating of water to sufficiently high temperatures for sustaining pyrolysis is very difficult. Pyrolysis occurs when the temperature exceeds 4000?. Thus plasma electrolysis may be a better alternative, it is not only easier to achieve than direct heating, but also appears to produce more hydrogen than ordinary electrolysis, as predicted by Faraday's laws, which is indirect evidence that it produces very high temperatures. We also observed large amounts of free oxygen generated at the cathode, which is further evidence of direct decomposition, rather than electrolytic decomposition. To achieve the continuous generation of hydrogen with efficiencies exceeding Faraday efficiency, it is necessary to control the surface conditions of the electrode, plasma electrolysis temperature, current density and input voltage. The minimum input voltage required induce the plasma state depends on the density and temperature of the solution, it was estimated as 120V in this study. The lowest electrolyte temperature at which plasma forms is ~75?. We have observed as much as 80 times more hydrogen generated by plasma electrolysis than by conventional electrolysis at 300 V. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoThydrogenev.pdf | ||||||
| 2911 | Book | Mizuno, T. | 2006 | Jyouon kakuyuugou purojekuto (cold fusion project) | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 44, Num = 1A, Page = 396-401 | LENR-CANR.org | Jyouon kakuyuugou purojekuto (cold fusion project) | Review | An e-book in Japanese reviewing the field. Describes Mizuno's own research, as well as projects at Osaka University, NTT, Iwate University, Nagoya University and the Tokyo Institute of Technology. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTjyouonkaku.pdf | |||||
| 2912 | Book Section | Mizuno, T. | 2008 | Transmutation Reactions in Condensed Matter | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Transmutation Reactions in Condensed Matter | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch012 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch012 | ||||||
| 2913 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Sawada, S. | 2008 | Anomalous Heat Generation during Hydrogenation of Carbon (Phenanthrene) | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Anomalous Heat Generation during Hydrogenation of Carbon (Phenanthrene) | heat | When phenanthrene (a heavy oil fraction) is subjected to high pressure and heat in a reactor with a metal catalyzer, it produces a markedly anomalous reaction. It produces excess heat and weak radiation, specifically x-rays and gamma-rays. Furthermore, after the reaction finishes, mass spectroscopy reveals what appears to be 13C. It is very difficult to explain the total energy generation as a conventional chemical reaction. After the experiment, almost all phenanthrene and hydrogen gas remains in the same condition they were initially. There are few reaction products such as other chemical compounds. However, the formation enthalpies for these compounds are all negative. The heat generation sometimes reaches 0.1 kW and has continued for several hours. There is a reasonably significant correspondence between the heat generation and the gamma emission. We have confirmed the same result with high reproducibility by controlling temperature and pressure. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTanomaloushb.pdf | |||||
| 2914 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T. | 2009 | Confirmation of Heat Generation during Hydrogenation of Oil (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Confirmation of Heat Generation during Hydrogenation of Oil (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | We have confirmed unusual reaction when heavy oil is heated in high pressure hydrogen gas with a metal catalyzer. Excess heat and weak radiation that assumed to be x-rays and gamma-rays were observed. After the test, almost of the sample and hydrogen gas remains in the same condition they were initially. There are reaction products such as other chemical compounds. However, the formation enthalpies for these compounds are estimated as endothermic. The heat generation sometimes reaches 0.1kW and has continued for several hours. There is a reasonably significant correspondence between the heat generation and the radiation emission. We have confirmed the same result with high reproducibility by controlling temperature and pressure. The anomalous energy generation cannot be the product of a conventional chemical reaction for the following reasons: At these temperatures, hydrogenation reactions are endothermic, not exothermic. The total heat release far exceeded any known chemical reaction with this mass of reactants. There is virtually no chemical fuel in the cell. There were few chemical reaction products. The components and chemical species in the cell including oil and hydrogen gas remained essentially as they were when experiment began, except that the platinum screen was coated with carbon. The emissions are thought that had been generated from some nuclear reaction. The reaction is reliably triggered by raising temperatures above the threshold temperature of ~530? and the hydrogen pressures above 60 atm. It can be quenched by lowering the temperature inside the cell below ~500?. When the necessary conditions are achieved, generation of heat is observed with high reproducibility. However, the amount of heat generated is not stable. Only a small amount of reactant is consumed during the experiment, presumably by conventional chemical reactions. We conclude the following: Anomalous heat generation was confirmed during heating of sample in high pressure H2 gas. Sporadic emission was confirmed during high temperature experiment. A weak correlation was observed between heat and the emissions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTconfirmatic.pdf | ||||
| 2915 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T. | 2009 | Confirmation of Heat Generation during Hydrogenation of Oil | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Confirmation of Heat Generation during Hydrogenation of Oil | The study was devoted to replicating and controlling that excess heat effect during hydrogenation of hydrocarbon. The reactant is phenanthrene, a heavy oil fraction, which is reacted with H2 gas of high pressure and high temperature in the presence of a metal catalyst. This results in the production of excess heat and radiation. After the reaction, an analysis of residual gas reveals a variety of hydrocarbons, but it seems unlikely that these products can explain the excess heat. Most of them form endothermically, and furthermore heat production reached 60 W. Overall heat production exceeded any conceivable chemical reaction by two orders of magnitude. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=91 | |||||
| 2916 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T. | 2011 | Heat and Radiation Generation during Hydrogenation of CH Compound | J. Environ. Sci. Eng., Vol = 5, Num = 8, Page = 1017 | Heat and Radiation Generation during Hydrogenation of CH Compound Heat | Heat | Securing new sources of energy has become a major concern, because fossil fuels are expected to be depleted within several decades. In some of the major wars of the 20th century, control of oil was either a proximate cause or a decisive factor in the outcome. Especially in Japan and Germany, a great deal of research was devoted to making liquid fuels from coal. In one such experiment, a large amount of excess heat was observed. The present study was devoted to replicating and controlling that excess heat effect. The reactant is phenanthrene, a heavy oil fraction, which is subjected to high pressure and high heat in the presence of a metal catalyst. This results in the production of excess heat and strong penetrating electromagnetic radiation. After the reaction, an analysis of residual gas reveals a variety of hydrocarbons, but it seems unlikely that these products can explain the excess heat. Most of them form endothermically, and furthermore heat production reached 60 W. Overall heat production exceeded any conceivable chemical reaction by two orders of magnitude. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTheatandrad.pdf | ||||||
| 2917 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T. | 2013 | Method of controlling a chemically-induced nuclear reaction in metal nanoparticles | ICCF18 Conference | University of Missouri | Method of controlling a chemically-induced nuclear reaction in metal nanoparticles | nano-particles, excess heat | A nuclear reaction can occur when metal nanoparticles are exposed to hydrogen isotopes in the gas phase. When hydrogen isotopes (light hydrogen and deuterium) enter the nanoparticles and are exposed to electron irradiation, the hydrogen reacts inside the lattice, producing energy. The reaction also produces neutrons, gamma rays and transmutations. Normally, electron irradiation does not produce anomalous heat or radiation. A reaction occurs when hydrogen acts as a heavy fermion (a heavy electron) inside metal nanoparticles below a certain particle size, allowing protons or deuterons to approach one another closely. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTmethodofco.pdf | |||||
| 2918 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Rothwell, J. | 2013 | Poster for 'Method of controlling a chemically-induced nuclear reaction in metal nanoparticles' | ICCF18 Conference | University of Missouri | Poster for 'Method of controlling a chemically-induced nuclear reaction in metal nanoparticles' | nano-particles, excess heat | Excess heat is observed when nanoparticles of nickel or palladium undergo glow discharge electrolysis in hydrogen or deuterium gas. After glow discharge ends, when additional gas is admitted to the cell, another burst of heat is sometimes observed. This method produces nanoparticles by bombarding the electrodes with electrons during ~30 hours of glow discharge. The nanoparticles are created in situ in electrodes. The electrodes have already been cleaned and purified, and they are kept in a high-purity gas environment, so the nanoparticles have little contamination on the surface and they are highly absorbent. With other methods, the nanoparticle material is fabricated elsewhere and exposed to air and contamination before being placed in the cell. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTposterform.pdf | |||||
| 2919 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T. | 2014 | Method of Controlling a Chemically Induced Nuclear Reaction in Metal Nanoparticles | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | Method of Controlling a Chemically Induced Nuclear Reaction in Metal Nanoparticles | Gas loading, Heat, Nanoparticles | A nuclear reaction can occur when metal nanoparticles are exposed to hydrogen isotopes in the gas phase. When hydrogen isotopes (light hydrogen and deuterium) enter the nanoparticles and are exposed to electron irradiation, the hydrogen reacts inside the lattice, producing energy. The reaction also produces neutrons, gamma rays and transmutations. Protons and heavy electrons take part in the reaction. The method of control and the experimental results are reported here. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=432 | ||||||
| 2920 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T. | 2017 | PREPRINT Observation of excess heat by activated metal and deuterium gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | PREPRINT Observation of excess heat by activated metal and deuterium gas | Ni metal, surface activation, deuterium gas, heat generation | Reports of heat-generating cold fusion reactions in the nickel??ydrogen system have been increasing. The reactions mainly involve nickel with other additive elements. The authors of these reports emphasized the importance of an extremely clean system in the electrolytic tests in which excess heat was generated. Therefore, we attempted to detect excess heat after reducing impurities to a minimum by cleaning the electrode carefully and then fabricating nanoparticles in situ in our test system, without ever exposing them to air. As a result, energy far exceeding input was continuously obtained. In the best results obtained thus far, the output thermal energy is double the input electrical energy, amounting to several hundred watts. The generated thermal energy follows an exponential temperature function. When the reactor temperature is 300 deg C, the generated energy is 1 kW. An increase of the temperature is expected to greatly increase the output energy. We have recently improved the preparation of the electrode material. This enhanced reproducibility and increased excess heat. The new methods are described in an appendix. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTpreprintob.pdf | ||||||
| 2921 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T. | 2017 | Observation of excess heat by activated metal and deuterium gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Observation of excess heat by activated metal and deuterium gas | Ni metal, surface activation, deuterium gas, heat generation | Reports of heat-generating cold fusion reactions in the nickel??ydrogen system have been increasing. The reactions mainly involve nickel with other additive elements. The authors of these reports emphasized the importance of an extremely clean system in the electrolytic tests in which excess heat was generated. Therefore, we attempted to detect excess heat after reducing impurities to a minimum by cleaning the electrode carefully and then fabricating nanoparticles in situ in our test system, without ever exposing them to air. As a result, energy far exceeding input was continuously obtained. In the best results obtained thus far, the output thermal energy is double the input electrical energy, amounting to several hundred watts. The generated thermal energy follows an exponential temperature function. When the reactor temperature is 300?, the generated energy is 1 kW. An increase of the temperature is expected to greatly increase the output energy. We have recently improved the preparation of the electrode material. This enhanced reproducibility and increased excess heat. The new methods are described in an appendix. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 2922 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Rothwell, J. | 2018 | Excess heat generation by simple treatment of reaction metal in hydrogen gas (PowerPoint slides) | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | Excess heat generation by simple treatment of reaction metal in hydrogen gas (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | Reports of heat generation of reactions in the nickel-hydrogen system recently are increasing. These reactions mainly occurred with nickel together with other additive elements and hydrogen gas. We carefully cleaned the reactants and reactor and then processed in situ in the test system without exposure to air and have detected the excess heat. In these test, the thermal energy greatly exceeding the input and was continued for long time. In the best results so far, the output heat energy is twice of the input electric energy and can be lasted for several month. For example, when the input was 500 W, the excess heat can be continued for several hundred watts. It was found that the rise in temperature can be increased the output energy. We recently improved the method of preparing reactive materials and heat generation technic. This makes easier to obtain the excess heat. Here, we report the results of the new method for reactant preparation and results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTexcessheat.pdf | |||||
| 2923 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Rothwell, J. | 2019 | Increased Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel (Preprint) | The 22nd International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-22 | Assisi, Italy | Increased Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel (Preprint) | Air flow calorimetry, Deuterium gas, Excess heat, Nickel reactant, Pd coating, Simple method | We have developed an improved method of producing excess heat with nickel mesh coated with palladium. The new method produces higher power, a larger output to input ratio, and it can be controlled effectively. With 50 W of input, it produces ~250 W of excess heat, and with 300 W it produces ~2 to 3 kW. This paper is a comprehensive description of the apparatus, the reactant, and the method. We hope this paper will allow others to replicate the experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTincreasede.pdf | |||||
| 2924 | Report | Mizuno, T., Rothwell, J. | 2019 | Supplemental Information on 'Increased Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel' | The 22nd International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-22 | LENR-CANR.org | Supplemental Information on 'Increased Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel' | Air flow calorimetry, Deuterium gas, Excess heat, Nickel reactant, Pd coating, Simple method | Additional information about the experiment described in the paper Increased Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTsupplement.pdf | |||||
| 2925 | Conference Proceedings | Mizuno, T., Rothwell, J. | 2019 | Increased Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel (PowerPoint slides) | The 22nd International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-22 | Assisi, Italy | Increased Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel (PowerPoint slides) | Air flow calorimetry, Deuterium gas, Excess heat, Nickel reactant, Pd coating, Simple method | PowerPoint slides presented at ICCF22. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTincreasedea.pdf | |||||
| 2926 | Journal Article | Mizuno, T., Rothwell, J. | 2019 | Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel (preprint) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel (preprint) | Air flow calorimetry, Deuterium gas, Excess heat, Nickel reactant, Pd coating, Simple method | Two methods of generating excess heat with palladium on nickel are described: an older method, and a newer, faster method. With the older method after sufficient pretreatment, the output heat peaked at 232 W, which was nearly two times input power. However, the pretreatment was complicated and took many weeks or in some cases months before heat appeared. The newer method is to directly apply palladium to nickel. This is simpler and quicker, taking only about a day, but so far it has produced only 10?30 W, and 40 W in one instance. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MizunoTexcessheata.pdf | ||||||
| 2927 | Encyclopedia | Mizuno, T., Rothwell, J. | 2019 | Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Excess Heat from Palladium Deposited on Nickel | Air flow calorimetry, Deuterium gas, Excess heat, Nickel reactant, Pd coating, Simple method | Two methods of generating excess heat with palladium on nickel are described: an older method, and a newer, faster method. With the older method after sufficient pretreatment, the output heat peaked at 232 W, which was nearly two times input power. However, the pretreatment was complicated and took many weeks or in some cases months before heat appeared. The newer method is to directly apply palladium to nickel. This is simpler and quicker, taking only about a day, but so far it has produced only 10-30 W, and 40 Win one instance. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=30 | ||||||
| 2928 | Conference Proceedings | Mo, W., Liu, Y. S., Zhou, L. Y., Dong, S. Y., Wang, K. L., Wang, S. C., Li, X. Z. | 1991 | Search for Precursor and Charged Particles in 'Cold Fusion' | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 123 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Search for Precursor and Charged Particles in 'Cold Fusion' | Pd, titanium, D2, particle emission ICCF-2 | After two years the puzzle of nuclear phenomena in a metal lattice (cold fusion) is still with us. Excess heat, or anomalous neutron emission was the goal being searched in most of the 'cold fusion' experiments, however, we switched to search the precursor and the energetic charged particles in stead of excess heat or anomalous neutron emission. In fact, we started the electrolysis cell experiment early in April, 1989; the neutron bursts were detected by BF3 detector, and the tritium was measured by liquid scintillation detector. The sporadic nature of the signals and the difficulties in reproducing these signals forced us to look for a new approach in identifying this anomalous nuclear effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=138 | ||
| 2929 | Conference Proceedings | Mo, D. W., Zhang, L., Chen, B. X., Liu, Y. S., Doing, S. Y., Yao, M. Y., Zhou, L. Y., Huang, H. G., Li, X. Z., Shen, X. D., Wang, S. C., Kang, T. S., Huang, N. Z. | 1992 | Real Time Measurements of the Energetic Charged Particles and the Loading Ratio (D/Pd) | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 535 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Real Time Measurements of the Energetic Charged Particles and the Loading Ratio (D/Pd) | Pd, D2, particle emission, resistivity, ICCF-3 | A loading D2 gas system was built, which can measure the gas pressure, the temperature, the loading ratio, the charged particles and bursts, in real-time. The charged particles and burst was searched and the reproducible condition was found preliminary. Pd was gas loaded and D/Pd was measured by resistance. The Pd was deloaded in front of a particle detector. Charged particles were detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=273 | ||
| 2930 | Conference Proceedings | Mo, D. W., Cai, Q. S., Wang, L. M., Wang, S. Z. | 1998 | The Evidence of Nuclear Transmutation Phenomeno in Pd-H System Using NAA (Neutron Activation Analysis) | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 259 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The Evidence of Nuclear Transmutation Phenomeno in Pd-H System Using NAA (Neutron Activation Analysis) | transmutation, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-7 | Phenomenon of nuclei transmutation in Pd-H(Pd-D) system was confirmed with NAA technique. The zinc-main product of nuclei transmutation was measured in the samples. This experiment was repeated, the results are the same . the highest content of zinc-main products of nuclei transmutation is about 30%(atom) . The different of isotopes content of zinc was observed in experimental samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=259 | ||
| 2931 | Conference Proceedings | Moagar-Poladian, G. | 2009 | A Possible Mechanism For Cold Fusion | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | A Possible Mechanism For Cold Fusion | theory | We describe a mechanism for cold fusion that is able to explain how two hydrogen ions may come close enough so as to fusion as well as many of the different and independent experimental observations made during years of experiments. We present the mechanism, its weak points, the way it explains the respective phenomena and suggest some experiments that may validate further the model described by us.? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MoagarPolaapossiblem.pdf | ||||
| 2932 | Book | Moffatt, W. G. | 1978 | Pd-Li Phase Diagram | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | General Electric | Pd-Li Phase Diagram | Pd, Li, Phase Dagram | |||||||
| 2933 | Report | Moir, R. W. | 1989 | Application of Muon-Catalyzed Fusion in Metal Hydrides For Isotope Production | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Los Alamod | Application of Muon-Catalyzed Fusion in Metal Hydrides For Isotope Production | theory | |||||||
| 2934 | Journal Article | Moizhes, B. Ya. | 1991 | Formation of a compact D2 molecule in interstitial sites - a possible explanation for cold nuclear fusion | Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett., Vol = 17 | Formation of a compact D2 molecule in interstitial sites - a possible explanation for cold nuclear fusion | theory, structure, D2, dimer, gamma phase | ||||||||
| 2935 | Conference Proceedings | Montereali, R., Almaviva, S., Marolo, T., Vincenti, M., Sarto, F., Sibilia, C., Castagna, E., Violante, V. | 2005 | A Novel LiF-Based Detector For X-Ray Imaging In Hydrogen Loaded Ni Films Under Laser Irradiation | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | A Novel LiF-Based Detector For X-Ray Imaging In Hydrogen Loaded Ni Films Under Laser Irradiation | x-ray detection | A novel soft X-ray imaging film detector, based on optically stimulated luminescence of active color centers in lithium fluoride, LiF, has been used to obtain the image of radiation emitted from a nickel film hydride loaded by electrolysis, under light coupling with an He-Ne laser. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Monterealianovellifb.pdf | ||||
| 2936 | Conference Proceedings | Montereali, R., Almaviva, S., Bonfigli, F., Castagna, E., Sarto, F., Vincenti, M., Violante, V. | 2009 | Lithium Fluoride X-Ray Imaging Film Detectors for Condensed Matter Nuclear Measurements (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Lithium Fluoride X-Ray Imaging Film Detectors for Condensed Matter Nuclear Measurements (PowerPoint slides) | x-ray detection | Lithium Fluoride, LiF, is a radiation sensitive alkali halide material well known as dosimeter and as active medium in light-emitting devices and lasers. Point defects can be produced in LiF crystals and films by different kinds of radiation. Some of these electronic defects, known as colour centres, are optically active, with broad absorption and emission bands in the visible spectral range. Novel thin-film imaging detectors for soft X-rays, based on photoluminescence from aggregate colour centres in LiF, have been proposed and are currently under development, successfully extending their operation also in the hard X-ray region, up to 10 keV. Recently their use was proposed and preliminarily tested to obtain the image of radiation emitted from a nickel film hydride loaded by electrolysis, under light coupling with an He-Ne laser. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Monterealilithiumflu.pdf | ||||
| 2937 | Conference Proceedings | Montereali, R., Almaviva, S., Castagna, E., Bonfigli, F., Vincenti, M. | 2009 | Lithium Fluoride X-ray Imaging Film Detectors for Condensed Matter Nuclear Measurements | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Lithium Fluoride X-ray Imaging Film Detectors for Condensed Matter Nuclear Measurements | A novel thin-film imaging detector for X-rays, based on photoluminescence from aggregate color centers in lithium fluoride, has been proposed and tested. The detector consists in a radiation-sensitive thin film of lithium fluoride thermally evaporated on a glass substrate. The morphological properties of the lithium fluoride thin films, which influence the detector performances, have been investigated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=95 | |||||
| 2938 | Conference Proceedings | Montgomery, J. R., Jeffery, R., Amiri, F., Adams, J. | 1990 | Correlated Nuclear and Thermal Measurements in D/Pd and H/Pd Systems | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 309 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Correlated Nuclear and Thermal Measurements in D/Pd and H/Pd Systems | Pd, D, neutron | ||||
| 2939 | Journal Article | Monti, R. A. | 1996 | Low energy nuclear reactions: Experimental evidence for the alpha extended model of the atom | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 131 | Low energy nuclear reactions: Experimental evidence for the alpha extended model of the atom | transmutation, theory | ||||||||
| 2940 | Conference Proceedings | Monti, R. A. | 1998 | Nuclear Transmutation Processes of Lead, Silver, Thorium, Uranium | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 264 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Nuclear Transmutation Processes of Lead, Silver, Thorium, Uranium | transmutation, arc, H2O, ICCF-7 | The possibility to cause nuclear transmutation of stable isotopes by means of ordinary chemical reactions (1) suggested the possibility to cause nuclear transmutation of unstable isotopes (2). A first series of experimental tests was made from 1993 to 1995 with positive results (3). In 1996 an industrial reactor was built in Canada and sent to Italy for a new series of independent tests at ENEA (Italian National Laboratories). In these tests the production of Silver from Lead was used as a driver of the nuclear transmutation of Thorium and Uranium (4). A new series of tests has been performed at the ENEA Laboratories, starting October 1 997. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=264 | ||
| 2941 | Journal Article | Moon, D. | 1993 | A Cold Fusion Theory | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 264 | A Cold Fusion Theory | theory | ||||||||
| 2942 | Journal Article | Moon, D. | 1996 | Addendum to 'Mechanisms of a disobedient science' | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 5/6, Page = 89 | Addendum to 'Mechanisms of a disobedient science' | Theory dineutron | ||||||||
| 2943 | Journal Article | Moon, D. | 1999 | Review of a cold fusion theory: Mechanisms of a disobedient science | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 28, Page = 33 | Review of a cold fusion theory: Mechanisms of a disobedient science | theory review dineutron | ||||||||
| 2944 | Conference Proceedings | Moon, D. | 2004 | The Nucleovoltaic Cell | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | The Nucleovoltaic Cell | Described in this paper is a cold fusion device that is conceptually designed to convert the energy release, from deuteron-deuteron fusion, directly to electricity at an efficiency worthy of commercial development. The working element is an N-type semiconductor which has been coated with a thin film (a few hundred angstroms) of hydrogen-active metal, for example palladium, and which is joined to a P-type semiconductor at the | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MoonDthenucleov.pdf | ||||||
| 2945 | Journal Article | Moore, G. A., Smith, D. P. | 1937 | The Occlusion and Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals. A. Metallographic Study of Nickel-Hydrogen | Trans. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = LXXI | The Occlusion and Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals. A. Metallographic Study of Nickel-Hydrogen | Ni, H2, Phase Diagram, metallography | ||||||||
| 2946 | Journal Article | Moore, A. | 1939 | The Comportment of Palladium-Hydrogen System Toward Alternating Electric Current | Trans. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = LXXV | The Comportment of Palladium-Hydrogen System Toward Alternating Electric Current | Excess Volume, Pd, H2, dimension, PdH | ||||||||
| 2947 | Journal Article | Morgan, J. D., Monkhurst, H. J. | 1990 | Simple model for accurate calculation of Coulomb-barrier penetration factors in molecular fusion rates | Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol = 42, Num = 9, Page = 5175 | Simple model for accurate calculation of Coulomb-barrier penetration factors in molecular fusion rates | theory, Born-Oppenheimer, distance | ||||||||
| 2948 | Journal Article | Morgan, J. D. | 1990 | Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 93 | Comment on: Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | theory, critique, Rosen | ||||||||
| 2949 | Journal Article | Morioka, S. | 1994 | Nuclear fusion triggered by positron annihilation at vacancies in deuterated metals | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 107A | Nuclear fusion triggered by positron annihilation at vacancies in deuterated metals | Theory, positron annihilation | ||||||||
| 2950 | Journal Article | Morrey, J. R., Caffee, M. W., Farrar IV, H., Hoffman, N. J., Hudson, G. B., Jones, R. H., Kurz, M. D., Lupton, J., Oliver, B. M., Ruiz, B. V., Wacker, J. F., van Veen, A. | 1990 | Measurements of helium in electrolyzed palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Measurements of helium in electrolyzed palladium | helium Pd review | ||||||||
| 2951 | Journal Article | Morrison, D. R. O. | 1989 | A view from CERN | Physics World, Vol = 2 | A view from CERN | critique, review | ||||||||
| 2952 | Journal Article | Morrison, D. R. O. | 1990 | The Rise And Decline of Cold Fusion | Physics World | The Rise And Decline of Cold Fusion | review, critque, history | ||||||||
| 2953 | Conference Proceedings | Morrison, D. R. O. | 1990 | Review of Cold Fusion | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 233 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Review of Cold Fusion | history | Experimental results on Cold Fusion are reviewed. Most experiments find no effect and the upper limits are appreciably lower than the positive effects claimed in some experiments. It is concluded that (a) there is no excess heat production, (b) the balance of evidence is strongly against fusion products. A curious Regionalisation of Results is observed where only negative results are found in some parts of the world and only positive results in other pans. Further the ratio of positive to negative results varies with time. Previous studies of Palladium indicate that fusion should not occur inside the metal. Cold Fusion is best explained as an example of Pathological Science. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MorrisonDRreviewofco.pdf | |||
| 2954 | Journal Article | Morrison, D. R. O. | 1991 | Review of cold fusion | Sov. Phys. Usp., Vol = 34 | Review of cold fusion | review | ||||||||
| 2955 | Journal Article | Morrison, D. R. O. | 1994 | Review of Progress in Cold Fusion | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 48 | Review of Progress in Cold Fusion | review, history, critique | ||||||||
| 2956 | Journal Article | Morrison, D. R. O. | 1994 | Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by Fleischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 185 | Comments on claims of excess enthalpy by Fleischmann and Pons using simple cells made to boil | critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 2957 | Report | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S. | 1995 | The Metal Hydrogen System: Interphase Participation in H-Transport | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 185 | Naval Control, Command and Ocean Surveillance Center, RDT&E Division | The Metal Hydrogen System: Interphase Participation in H-Transport | hydride, hydrogen transport | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. The metal/hydrogen system is a key element in the construction of ecologically preferred energy conversion/storage devices. Although reduced to practice decades ago, its effectiveness requires further examination of a number of issues, among them the role that the electrode/electrolyte interphase plays during the charging/discharging processes. In this communication the following topics are considered: Thermodynamics and kinetics of the structure of the interphase, the identity and components of the driving force(s) for the absorption/desorption of hydrogen, and the discussion of the applicable transport equation. Agreement between theoretical results and observed behavior is illustrated and selected design approaches affecting cell performance are explored. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossthemetalhy.pdf | |||||
| 2958 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S. | 1999 | The Pd/(n)H system: transport processes and development of thermal instabilities | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 112 | The Pd/(n)H system: transport processes and development of thermal instabilities | Theory, hot spot, electrolysis, Pd, D2O | Summary. -- Surface temperature distribution associated with excess enthalpy production during the codeposition process is presented. The interpretation is sought via the multilayer concept of the electrode/electrolyte interphase. The effect of gas evolution on activities within the interphase is considered. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossthepdnhsys.pdf | ||||||
| 2959 | Book | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Chubb, S. R., Fleischmann, M., Imam, M. A., Miles, M., Szpak, S. | 2002 | Thermal and Nuclear Aspects of the Pd/D2O System (1) | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 112 | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | SPAWAR Systems Center, San Diego, U.S. Navy | Thermal and Nuclear Aspects of the Pd/D2O System (1) | Twelve years have passed since the announcement on 23 March 1989 by professors Fleischmann and Pons that the generation of excess enthalpy occurs in electrochemical cells when palladium electrodes, immersed in D2O + LiOH electrolyte, are negatively polarized. The announcement, which came to be known as 'Cold Fusion,' caused frenzied excitement. In both the scientific and news communities, fax machines were used to pass along fragments of rumor and 'facts.' (Yes, this was before wide spread use of the internet. One can only imagine what would happen now.) Companies and individuals rushed to file patents on yet to be proven ideas in hopes of winning the grand prize. Unfortunately, the phenomenon described by Fleischmann and Pons was far from being understood and even factors necessary for repeatability of the experiments were unknown. Over the next few months, the scientific community became divided into the 'believers' and the 'skeptics.' The 'believers' reported the results of their work with enthusiasm that at times overstated the significance of their results. On the other hand, many 'skeptics' rejected the anomalous behavior of the polarized Pd/D system as a matter of conviction, i.e., without analyzing the presented material and always asking 'where are the neutrons?' Funding for research quickly dried up as anything related to 'Cold Fusion' was portrayed as a hoax and not worthy of funding. The term 'Cold Fusion' took on a new definition much as the Ford Edsel had done years earlier. Dr. Frank E. Gordon, Head, Navigation and Applied Sciences Department, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossthermaland.pdf | |||||
| 2960 | Book | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Fleischmann, M. | 2002 | Thermal and Nuclear Aspects of the Pd/D2O System (2) | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 112 | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | SPAWAR Systems Center, San Diego, U.S. Navy | Thermal and Nuclear Aspects of the Pd/D2O System (2) | calorimeter, method | FOREWORD The calorimetry of any electrochemical cell involves two types of activities: data collection and data evaluation. The required data are the cell potential-time and cell temperature-time series. The evaluation is based on conservation laws subject to constraints dictated by cell design and the adapted experimental procedure. Volume 2 of this report deals with the modeling and simulation of the Dewar-type calorimeter. It was written by Professor Fleischmann to provide an authoritative discussion of the calorimetry of electrochemical cells. The emphasis is on the interpretation of data and the accuracy of the determination of the excess enthalpy generation via the appropriate selection of heat transfer coefficients. The discussion of the calorimetry of the Dewar-type cells is presented in the form of technical report for a number of reasons, among them: (i) its length would likely prohibit publication in topical journals, (ii) to clarify misunderstandings regarding the principles of calorimetry as applied to electrochemical cell in general and to the cell employed by Fleischmann and his collaborators, in particular. S. Szpak and P.A. Mosier-Boss, eds. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossthermalanda.pdf | ||||
| 2961 | Conference Proceedings | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F. | 2007 | Production of High Energy Particles Using the Pd/D Co-Deposition Process (PowerPoint slides) | APS March Meeting | Denver, CO | March 13-17, 2006 | Production of High Energy Particles Using the Pd/D Co-Deposition Process (PowerPoint slides) | sonofusion | PowerPoint slides from the American Physical Society March 2007 conference. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossproduction.pdf | ||||
| 2962 | Conference Proceedings | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F., Forsley, L., Phillips, G. | 2007 | Pd/D Co-Deposition: Excess Power Generation and Its Origin (paper and PowerPoint slides) | 233rd ACS National Meeting | Chicago, IL | Pd/D Co-Deposition: Excess Power Generation and Its Origin (paper and PowerPoint slides) | Neutron | Early Pd/D co-deposition experiments demonstrated excess enthalpy, formation of hot spots, emission of low intensity radiation, and production of tritium. Excess enthalpy is generated by highly energetic fast reactions that resemble 'mini-explosions'. This view is supported by IR imaging (hot spots) and by the response of the pressure/temperature sensitive substrates (piezoelectric material) onto which the Pd/D films are co-deposited. An external electric/magnetic field changes the shape of the individual globules of the 'cauliflower' structure of the Pd/D co-deposited material. New elements are observed that are associated with the morphological features formed by the action of the external E/B fields. Using CR-39 detectors, tracks are obtained that are consistent with both nuclear charged particles and neutron knock-on tracks. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBosspddcodepos.pdf | |||||
| 2963 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2007 | Use of CR-39 in Pd/D co-deposition experiments | Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 40 | Use of CR-39 in Pd/D co-deposition experiments | cr-39, particle emission | The use of CR-39, a solid state nuclear track detector, to detect the emission of energetic charged particles during Pd/D co-deposition is demonstrated. The pits observed in the CR-39 are attributed to the Pd/D cathode and are not due to radionuclide contamination in the cell components; nor to the impingement of D2 bubbles on the surface of the CR-39; nor to chemical attack by D2, O2, or Cl2. The features (i.e., optical contrast, shape, and bright spot in the center of the pit) of the pits generated during Pd/D co-deposition are consistent with those observed for pits that are of a nuclear origin. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossuseofcrinp.pdf | ||||||
| 2964 | Book Section | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2008 | Detection of Energetic Particles and Neutrons Emitted During Pd/D Co-Deposition | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Detection of Energetic Particles and Neutrons Emitted During Pd/D Co-Deposition | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch014 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch014 | ||||||
| 2965 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2008 | Reply to Comment on 'The Use of CR-39 in Pd/D Co-deposition Experiments': A Response to Kowalski | Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 44 | Reply to Comment on 'The Use of CR-39 in Pd/D Co-deposition Experiments': A Response to Kowalski | cr-39, particle emission | Earlier we reported, in this journal, that the pits generated in CR-39 detectors during Pd/D co-deposition experiments are consistent with those observed for pits that are of a nuclear origin. Recently, that interpretation has been challenged. In this communication, additional experimental data and further analysis of our earlier results are provided that support our original conclusions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossreplytocom.pdf | ||||||
| 2966 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2008 | Triple tracks in CR-39 as the result of Pd?????? Co-deposition: evidence of energetic neutrons | Naturwiss., Vol = doi:10.1007/s00114-008-0449-x, Num = 96, Page = 135-142 | Triple tracks in CR-39 as the result of Pd?????? Co-deposition: evidence of energetic neutrons | cr-39, particle emission | ||||||||
| 2967 | Book Section | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2009 | Characterization of Energetic Particles Emitted During Pd/D Co-Deposition for Use in a Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG) | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Characterization of Energetic Particles Emitted During Pd/D Co-Deposition for Use in a Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG) | Earlier we reported that the pits generated in CR-39 detectors during Pd/D co-deposition experiments are consistent with those observed for pits that are of a nuclear origin. Spacer experiments and track modeling have been done to characterize the properties of the particles that generated the tracks in the CR-39 detectors. The effect of water on the energetics of the particles and their resultant tracks is discussed. | 0-8412-2454-4 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBosscharacteri.pdf | |||||
| 2968 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2009 | Characterization of tracks in CR-39 detectors obtained as a result of Pd/D Co-deposition | Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 46 | Characterization of tracks in CR-39 detectors obtained as a result of Pd/D Co-deposition | cr-39, particle emission | ||||||||
| 2969 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., Gordon, F. | 2010 | Comments on Co-deposition Electrolysis Results: A Response to Kowalski | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | Comments on Co-deposition Electrolysis Results: A Response to Kowalski | CR-39, Pd/D co-deposition | In 2009, it was reported that the tracks observed on the front surface of CR-39 detectors as a result of co-deposition were due to 0.45-0.97 MeV protons, 0.55-1.25 MeV tritons, 1.40-3.15 MeV 3He, and/or 1.45-3.30 MeV alphas. Recently those conclusions have been challenged. In this communication, additional experimental data and further analysis of our earlier results are provided that support our original conclusions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=10 | ||||||
| 2970 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Szpak, S., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2010 | Comparison of Pd/D co-deposition and DT neutron generated triple tracks observed in CR-39 detectors | Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys., Vol = 51 | Comparison of Pd/D co-deposition and DT neutron generated triple tracks observed in CR-39 detectors | cr-39, particle emission | ||||||||
| 2971 | Journal Article | Cook, N., Dallacasa, V. | 2014 | LENR and Nuclear Structure Theory | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13, pages 68-79 | LENR and Nuclear Structure Theory | Theory | The significance of LENR research for understanding nuclear structure is discussed. In contrast to atomic-level Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), nuclear theory has remained a collection of mutually-exclusive 'models' lacking a rigorous foundation. I argue that LENR indicates the way forward to a quantitative theory of nuclear structure, Quantum Nucleodynamics (QND). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=78 | ||||||
| 4649 | All | Bradley, M.K., Droney, C.K. | 2021 | Subsonic Ultra Green Aircraft Research Phase II: N+4 Advanced Concept Development | Boeing Research and Technology, Huntington Beach, California | This final report documents the work of the Boeing Subsonic Ultra Green Aircraft Research (SUGAR) team on Task 1 of the Phase II effort. The team consisted of Boeing Research and Technology, Boeing Commercial Airplanes, General Electric, and Georgia Tech. Using a quantitative workshop process, the following technologies, appropriate to aircraft operational in the N+4 2040 timeframe, were identified: Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Hydrogen, fuel cell hybrids, battery electric hybrids, Low Energy Nuclear (LENR), boundary layer ingestion propulsion (BLI), unducted fans and advanced propellers, and combinations. Technology development plans were developed.The team generated a series of configurations with different combinations of some of thesetechnologies. The higher heating value of LNG reduces the weight of fuel burned, but because of heavier aircraft systems, more energy is used for a given flight. LNG fueled aircraft have the potential for significant emissions advantages and LNG enhances the integration of fuel cells into the aircraft propulsion and power system.An unducted fan increases propulsive efficiency and reduces fuel burn. Adding a fuel cell and electric motor into the propulsion system also leads to improvements in emissions and fuel burn. A n aft fuselage boundary layer propulsor also resulted in a fuel burn benefit. | https://core.ac.uk/reader/10568000 | ||||||||
| 2972 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F., Forsley, L. | 2012 | Characterization of Neutrons Emitted during Pd/D Co-deposition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Characterization of Neutrons Emitted during Pd/D Co-deposition | Co-deposition, CR-39 detectors, Heterostructures, Photomicrographs, Triple tracks | Experiments using CR-39 detectors have shown that energetic particles and neutrons are emitted during Pd/D co-deposition. Using 6 μm Mylar between the CR-39 and the cathode, it has been shown that the majority of the tracks formed have energies on the order of 1-3 MeV. This conclusion was supported by computer analysis of the pits using the ?rack_Test? program developed by Nikezic and Yu. In this communication, additional analysis of the detectors will be discussed. In particular, it will be shown that the size distribution of the neutron-generated tracks on the back side of the CR-39 detectors are consistent with the occurrence of DD and DT fusion reactions. This is supported by the presence of triple tracks in the CR-39 as well as the energies of the charged particles as determined in the Mylar experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=22 | ||||||
| 2973 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 2012 | A Review on Nuclear Products Generated During Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | A Review on Nuclear Products Generated During Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) | Charged particles, Helium-4, Neutrons, Transmutation, X- and gamma rays | Given the response to the Fleischmann-Pons news conference in 1989, it became clear to many researchers in the field that excess heat was not convincing enough evidence to prove that nuclear processes were occurring inside a metal lattice. Skeptics attributed the excess heat to recombination of deuterium and oxygen gases and/or poor calorimetry, despite the fact that control experiments showed that this was not the case. Consequently, a number of researchers redirected their efforts from measuring heat to looking for nuclear products such as neutrons, charged particles, X- and gamma rays, and transmutation. The results of these efforts are discussed in this communication. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=144 | ||||||
| 2974 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., Gordon, F. | 2013 | How the Flawed Journal Review Process Impedes Paradigm Shifting Discoveries | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | 1-12 How the Flawed Journal Review Process Impedes Paradigm Shifting Discoveries | Discovery, Flawed journal review, Nuclear diagnostics, Review process, Scienti?c breakthrough, Scienti?c policy | The purpose of scientific journals is to review papers for scientific validity and to disseminate new theoretical and experimental results. This requires that the editors and reviewers be impartial. Our attempt to publish novel experimental results in a renowned physics journal shows that in some cases editors and reviewers are not impartial; they are biased and closed-minded. Although our subject matter was technical, its rejection was not: it was emotionally charged. It was an agenda-laden rejection of legitimate experiments that were conducted in US DoD and DoE laboratories. This paper describes the ?awed journal review process, detailing our own case and citing others. Such behavior on the part of editors and reviewers has a stifling effect on innovation and the diffusion of knowledge. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 2975 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 2014 | It is not Low Energy -- But it is Nuclear | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 432-442 It is not Low Energy -- But it is Nuclear | CR-39, Energetic particles, Pd/D co-deposition, Transmutation | In this communication, CR-39 track results obtained as a result of Pd/D co-deposition are discussed and criticisms of those results are addressed. Implications of the CR-39 results with reports of transmutation are explored. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=442 | ||||||
| 2976 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., McDaniel, P. | 2014 | The Use of CR-39 Detectors in LENR Experiments 29 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 29-49 The Use of CR-39 Detectors in LENR Experiments 29 | Charged particles, CR-39, Neutrons, Real-time electronic detectors | In this communication, the use of CR-39 detectors to detect energetic charged particles and neutrons in LENR experiments is discussed. The main advantages of these detectors over real-time electronic detectors are its integration capability and its ability to speciate energetic particles. Unlike real-time detectors, CR-39 can be placed in close proximity to the cathode and can be used for both electrolysis experiments and gas loading. These advantages of CR-39 detectors over real time, electronic detectors are particularly important when energetic particle emissions occur either sporadically in bursts or at a low flux. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=35 | ||||||
| 2977 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., Roussetski, A. S., Lipson, A., Tanzella, F. L., Saunin, E. I., McKubre, M. C. H., Earle, B., Zhou, D. | 2015 | Use of CR-39 detectors to determine the branching ratio in Pd/D co-deposition | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 585 Use of CR-39 detectors to determine the branching ratio in Pd/D co-deposition | |||||||||
| 2978 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., Gordon, F., Letts, D., Cravens, D., Miles, M., Swartz, M. R., Dash, J., Tanzella, F. L., Hagelstein, P. L., McKubre, M. C. H., Bao, J. | 2015 | Condensed matter nuclear reaction products observed in Pd/D co-deposition experiments | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 656 Condensed matter nuclear reaction products observed in Pd/D co-deposition experiments | |||||||||
| 2979 | Report | Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 2016 | Introduction To ?? Summary of NRL Research on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Palladium Electrochemical Systems? (published in 1996) | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | Washington | Introduction To ?? Summary of NRL Research on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Palladium Electrochemical Systems? (published in 1996) | Review | In January 1992, NRL began an ONR-funded project to replicate experimental procedures provided by NAWC and NRaD (now SSC-Pac) to verify the results. At ICCF-2, Stan Szpak reported that thermometry showed that the heat source in Pd/D co-deposition was the cathode (this was later verified using infrared imagery), the emission of X-rays using photographic film, and tritium production. In the thermometry measurements done at NRaD, a large diameter cell was used and the anode and cathode were completely immersed in the electrolyte. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/DominguezDasummaryof.pdf#page=4 | |||||
| 2980 | Report | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., McDaniel, P. | 2016 | Investigation of Nano Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter, Final Report | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) | Investigation of Nano Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter, Final Report | Co-deposition, heat | On March 23, 1989, Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons, professors of chemistry at the University of Utah, held a press conference to announce the results of electrochemical experiments that produced more heat than could be accounted for by chemical means. They speculated that the heat had a nuclear origin. The experiments were quickly dubbed ?old Fusion? by the news media. The physics community noted that Fleischmann and Pons had not published their results in any journal prior to their announcement, there had been no reports of any replications of the effect, there was no mention of the generation of any nuclear ash, and that the reported results did not match theory. Despite these perceived irregularities scientists, worldwide, went into their laboratories to replicate the Fleischmann?ons results. A few scientists succeeded but a great many more failed. It is now known that those failures were due to the fact that the experimental conditions necessary to achieve the effect, i.e., high D loading and high D flux inside the Pd lattice, had not been achieved. Ultimately, the lack of replication by others and the fact that Fleischmann and Pons were not able to defend their original claims caused most scientists to lose interest. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MosierBossinvestigat.pdf | |||||
| 2981 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., Gordon, F. | 2019 | Overview of Pd/D Co-deposition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Overview of Pd/D Co-deposition | Co-deposition, Energetic particles, Gamma/X-ray emissions, Heat, Transmutation | Pd/D co-deposition has been used by a number of researchers to explore the condensed matter nuclear reactions occurring within the Pd lattice. Reported reaction products include heat, transmutation, tritium, energetic charged particles, neutrons, and gamma/X-ray emissions. An overview of these results are discussed in this communication. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=43 | ||||||
| 2982 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L., McDaniel, P. | 2019 | Uranium Fission Using Pd/D Co-deposition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Uranium Fission Using Pd/D Co-deposition | CR-39, HPGe, Hybrid reactor, LSC, Uranium | In this investigation, we explored using Pd/D generated energetic particles to fission uranium. Analysis of the CR-39 microphotographs liquid scintillation counter (LSC) alpha and beta spectra, and high purity germanium (HPGe) spectral gamma data support fissioning of U-238/U-235 implying that a hybrid fusion-fission reactor based upon Pd/D co-deposition could be feasible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=228 | ||||||
| 2983 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P. A., Forsley, L. | 2020 | A Tale of Two Journals | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | A Tale of Two Journals | Mentoring, Review process, Undergraduate projects | Earlier we discussed the flawed journal review process and how it stifles innovation and the diffusion of knowledge. Recently we tried to publish a paper describing our LENR experiences working with undergraduate chemical engineering students in an education journal. One journal had a word limit for articles as well as a fairly rigid format which prevented us from telling the story the way we wanted to. Although we addressed all the issues of the reviewers, the paper was rejected, after ten months and multiple revisions, on the grounds that independent research projects were outside the scope of the journal. We eventually published the paper in another education journal. In this journal, we were able to tell the narrative the way we originally wanted to, all the while emphasizing the advantages of involving students in verifying new scientific phenomena. This paper describes the events that transpired. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=47 | ||||||
| 2984 | Journal Article | Mueller, D., Grisham, L. R. | 1989 | Nuclear reactions products that would appear if substantial cold fusion occurred | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Nuclear reactions products that would appear if substantial cold fusion occurred | theory, nuclear reaction, energy, review | ||||||||
| 2985 | Journal Article | Muguet, F. F., Bassez-Muguet, M. P. | 1990 | Ab initio computations of one and two hydrogen or deuterium atoms in the palladium tetrahedral site | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 383 | Ab initio computations of one and two hydrogen or deuterium atoms in the palladium tetrahedral site | theory, tetrahedral, structure, PdD, distance | ||||||||
| 2986 | Journal Article | Mukherjee, D., Wordsworth, A. | 1994 | Stress relieving of palladium foils, controls its electro-catalytic properties | Tool & Alloy Steels | Stress relieving of palladium foils, controls its electro-catalytic properties | Pd, OCV, corrosion, electrolysis, loading | ||||||||
| 2987 | Journal Article | Mukhopadhyay, R., Dasannacharya, B. A., Nandan, D., Singh, A. J., Iyer, R. M. | 1990 | Real time deuterium loading investigation in palladium using neutron diffraction | Solid State Commun., Vol = 75 | Real time deuterium loading investigation in palladium using neutron diffraction | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, phase diagram, lattice parameter, diffusion | ||||||||
| 2988 | Journal Article | Muller, W., Besenbacher, F. | 1980 | A Note on the 3He+D Nuclear-Reaction Cross Section | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 168 | A Note on the 3He+D Nuclear-Reaction Cross Section | D2, fusion, Cross Section, branching ratio | ||||||||
| 2989 | Journal Article | Murase, A., Takahashi, A., Hibi, S., Hioki, T., Motohiro, T., Kasagi, J. | 2012 | TOF-SIMS Investigation on Nuclear Transmutation from Sr to Mo with Deuterium Permeation through Multi-layered Pd/CaO | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | TOF-SIMS Investigation on Nuclear Transmutation from Sr to Mo with Deuterium Permeation through Multi-layered Pd/CaO | Deuterium permeation, Pd/CaO multilayer, Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, Transmutation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy | The selective nuclear transmutation from 88Sr to 96Mo reported by Iwamura et al. was investigated replacing electrochemical deposition with ion implantation for seeding 88Sr+ and replacing a quadrupole mass spectrometer with a time of flight mass spectrometer for secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) for analysis of possible transmuted products. At the surface of the Sr implanted Pd/CaO multilayer foil, Mo was clearly detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after deuterium gas permeation. After the D2 permeation, the sample was heat treated in the air to remove S which condensed at the surface during the permeation. After the successful removal of S, Mo could be clearly detected by XPS on the surface of the 88Sr+ implanted Pd/CaO multilayer foil. The isotopic abundance ratio of the surface Mo measured by TOF-SIMS was similar to that of natural Mo. However, after the removal of the outermost surface layer with ion sputtering, the observed isotopic abundance ratio of Mo changed from that of natural Mo with an isolatedly strong peak at a mass close to 96Mo. This result duly suggests that the transmutation from 88Sr to 96Mo had took place, although the peak of m/z = 96 might be also assigned to GaAl+, Ca2O+ or CaFe+, beside 96Mo+. By further analyses of the TOF-SIMS data from the viewpoint of accurate masses, depth profiles and isotopic abundances, it was clarified that the peak of m/z = 96 was assigned to Ca2O+ originated from Pd/CaO multilayer. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=43 | ||||||
| 2990 | Conference Proceedings | Muromtsev, V., Platonov, V., Savvatimova, I. | 2005 | Neutrino-Dineutron Reactions (Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Induced By D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes. Y. Iwamura Effect) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Neutrino-Dineutron Reactions (Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Induced By D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes. Y. Iwamura Effect) | transmutation, neutrino, dineutron, D2, Pd, Iwamura | Anomalous elemental changes have been observed on the Pd complexes after D2 gas permeation. This effect -- effect Y. Iwamura -- belongs to a new category of nuclear reactions. The effect of Y. Iwamura can stimulate development of physics of electromagnetic interaction neutrino including physics of relic neutrino and physics of the dineutrons. It is possible to suggest that low-energy neutrino and even relic neutrino can initiate effect of transmutation in special cases. The suggested hypothesis application about new class ν− nuclear reaction existence can be useful for the problems: alternative energetic, radioactive isotopes reducing and rare isotopes production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MuromtsevVneutrinodi.pdf | |||||
| 2991 | Journal Article | Murr, L. E. | 1990 | Palladium metallurgy and cold fusion: some remarks | Scr. Metallurg. Mater., Vol = 24 | Palladium metallurgy and cold fusion: some remarks | discussion, Pd, metallography | ||||||||
| 2992 | Book Section | Murthy, T. S., Iyengar, T. S., Sen, B. K., Joseph, T. B. | 1989 | Tritium Analysis of Samples Obtained from Various Electrolysis Experiments at BARC | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Tritium Analysis of Samples Obtained from Various Electrolysis Experiments at BARC | tritium | The report summarises the methodology and techniques adopted for the determination of tritium content in various samples obtained during the initial sets of experiments conducted at Trombay in connection with studies on the feasibility of ?old Fusion'. The analyses were carried out at the Isotope Division and Health Physics Division. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MurthyTStritiumana.pdf | |||
| 2993 | Journal Article | Musket, G. | 1976 | Effects of Contamination on the Interaction of H Gas with Pd : A Review | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 45 | Effects of Contamination on the Interaction of H Gas with Pd : A Review | Pd, H, contamination, review, cleaning, method, PdO | ||||||||
| 2994 | Journal Article | Myers, S. M., Richards, P. M., Wampler, W. R., Besenbacher, F. | 1989 | Ion-Beam Studies of Hydrogen-Metal Interactions | J. Nucl. Mater., Vol = 165 | Ion-Beam Studies of Hydrogen-Metal Interactions | review, ion implantation | ||||||||
| 2995 | Journal Article | Myers, S. M., Follstaedt, D. M., Schirber, J. E., Richards, P. M. | 1990 | Search for Cold Fusion in Superstoichiometric Palladium Deuteride Using Ion Implantation | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 263 | Search for Cold Fusion in Superstoichiometric Palladium Deuteride Using Ion Implantation | Pd, Zr, titanium, D2, implantion, negative | ||||||||
| 2996 | Journal Article | Myers, S. M., Richards, P. M., Follstaedt, D. M., Schirber, J. E. | 1991 | Superstoichiometry, accelerated diffusion, and nuclear reactions in deuterium-implanted palladium | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 43 | Superstoichiometry, accelerated diffusion, and nuclear reactions in deuterium-implanted palladium | Pd, ion implanation, ion bombardment, neutron, loading, diffusion | ||||||||
| 2997 | Journal Article | Nace, D. M., Aston, J. G. | 1957 | Palladium Hydride. III. The Thermodynamic Study of Pd2H Between 15 and 303??? K. Evidence for the Tetragonal PdH4 Structure in Palladium Hydride | J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol = 79 | Palladium Hydride. III. The Thermodynamic Study of Pd2H Between 15 and 303??? K. Evidence for the Tetragonal PdH4 Structure in Palladium Hydride | Pd, H2, Heat Capacity, pressure, Phase Diagram, PdH4 | ||||||||
| 2998 | Journal Article | Nace, D. M., Aston, J. G. | 1957 | Palladium Hydride. I. The Thermodynamic Properties of Pd2H Between 273 and 345 K | J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol = 79 | Palladium Hydride. I. The Thermodynamic Properties of Pd2H Between 273 and 345 K | Pd, H2, thermodynamic, pressure PdH | ||||||||
| 2999 | Journal Article | Nace, D. M., Aston, J. G. | 1957 | Palladium Hydride. III. The Thermodynamic Study of Pd2H Between 15 and 303?? K. Evidence for the Tetragonal PdH4 Structure in Palladium Hydride | J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol = 79 | Palladium Hydride. III. The Thermodynamic Study of Pd2H Between 15 and 303?? K. Evidence for the Tetragonal PdH4 Structure in Palladium Hydride | Pd, H2, Heat Capacity, pressure, Phase Diagram, PdH4 | ||||||||
| 3000 | Journal Article | Nagasaki, T., Yamada, R., Ohno, H. | 1992 | Ion-driven Permeation and Surface Recombination Coefficients of Deuterium for Silver | J. Nucl. Mater., Vol = 195 | Ion-driven Permeation and Surface Recombination Coefficients of Deuterium for Silver | D2, Ag, recombination, Cu, D2, O2 | ||||||||
| 3001 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 1998 | The status of 'cold fusion' | Radiat. Phys. Chem., Vol = 51 | The status of 'cold fusion' | Review | ||||||||
| 3002 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2000 | Fusion Physics and Philosophy | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Fusion Physics and Philosophy | history | INTRODUCTION The advancement of science and technology normally occurs through evolutionary research and development. These activities and their fruits, knowledge and capabilities, might be very interesting and useful, but they normally do not challenge our overall view of the world. When something revolutionary comes to light, the potential paradigm shift, then we are forced to examine both our knowledge and our beliefs, which are intertwined. The topic called 'cold fusion' caused reexamination of the physics of nuclear reactions and some aspects of the philosophy of science. We will consider these factors after a brief introductory survey of the complex experiments and results reported in the field, and the motivations for continued attention. 'Cold fusion' is used here as an accepted label for the arena of interest, and not a statement about whatever processes might be involved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJfusionphys.pdf | ||||||
| 3003 | Conference Proceedings | Nagel, D. J., Imam, M. A. | 2003 | Energetics Of Defects And Strains In Palladium | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Energetics Of Defects And Strains In Palladium | fractofusion, metalurgy | Pd employed as cathodes in cold fusion experiments contains various defects, each of which has an associated energy.? In principle, some of the energy in Pd due to defects that exist before a cold fusion experiment could be released as apparent excess heat during the experiment.? Energy densities were computed for high concentrations of vacancies, impurities (both substitutional and interstitial atoms), dislocations and grain boundaries, as well as for strains.? It is concluded that pre-existing defects and strains cannot account for the energies released during cold fusion experiments.? Nonetheless, defects may play other supporting or central roles in cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJenergetics.pdf | |||
| 3004 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2006 | Program Strategy for Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions | Infinite Energy | Program Strategy for Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions | review | ||||||||
| 3005 | Conference Proceedings | Nagel, D. J. | 2007 | Powers, Materials and Radiations from Low Energy Nuclear Reactions on Surfaces | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Powers, Materials and Radiations from Low Energy Nuclear Reactions on Surfaces | materials, electrode surface morphology | Nuclear reactions that occur at low kinetic energies produce thermal energy at some rate (powers), nuclear reaction products (materials) and, in some cases, energetic photons or particles (radiations). Experimental evidence indicates that low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) occur on or very near to the surfaces of solid lattices. The rates of such reactions depend on the total area of the lattices in an LENR experiment, the fraction of that area which is active and the number of reactions per area per second. The powers further depend on the energy per reaction. The production rates of materials are related to the masses of the reaction products. And, the fluxes of radiations depend on the fraction of the reactions that produce energetic quanta. These factors are examined in this paper. A simple, but useful graphical method to relate surface areas to output nuclear powers is presented. It is used to make the first estimate of the active fraction of a surface in LENR experiments. Optimization of power outputs from LENR experiments is discussed in relation to the various factors cited above and to past work. The several intersections between LENR and both nano-science and nanotechnology are examined. A new engineering discipline will be required to turn the current science of LENR into practical sources of energy, materials and maybe radiations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJpowersmate.pdf | |||||
| 3006 | Conference Proceedings | Nagel, D. J. | 2008 | The Case for LENR At or Near Surfaces: More Experimental Evidence (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | The Case for LENR At or Near Surfaces: More Experimental Evidence (PowerPoint slides) | theory | Introduction and Agenda There is much experimental evidence, which indicates that LENR occur on surfaces of solid materials. Simple equations relate the reaction rates to the surface area, the active fraction & the number of reactions per active area per second. The equations are used to compute energy production rates (power) and the production rates for? nuclear ash or energetic radiations. This talk provides numerical and graphical means to compute power production at surfaces in LENR experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJthecasefor.pdf | |||||
| 3007 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2008 | The Intersection of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions with Nanometer-Scale Science, Technology and Engineering | Infinite Energy | 1 The Intersection of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions with Nanometer-Scale Science, Technology and Engineering | nano-particles | 1. Introduction to Nanotechnology The ability to make things out of molecules and atoms is something of a last frontier. They are the smallest neutral building blocks that can be joined to make materials and structures. Nuclei and sub-nuclear quanta are smaller, but they cannot be made into stable materials and structures. Just as things on the micrometer scale are a thousand times smaller than the visible millimeter scale, nanometer-scale items are another thousand times smaller than the micrometer scale. These relationships are illustrated in Figure 1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJtheinterse.pdf | ||||||
| 3008 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2009 | Scientific Overview of ICCF15 | Infinite Energy | Scientific Overview of ICCF15 | review | The research topic which was first and poorly called 'cold fusion' has been of international interest since its beginning in 1989. Hence, a series of International Conferences on Cold Fusion (ICCF) has been held on three continents during the past two decades. In recent years, the topic has come to be viewed as part of the larger field of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science; therefore conferences during the last few years have been called the International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science even though the moniker of ICCF has been maintained. At present, the key reactions are often called Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), with the main scientific website on the topic being www.lenr.org. But there remains confusion not only about what to call the field, but about the several scientific riddles at the heart of the field. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJscientific.pdf | ||||||
| 3009 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2009 | Questions and Answers About Lattice-Enabled Nuclear Reactions | Infinite Energy | 12 Questions and Answers About Lattice-Enabled Nuclear Reactions | review | Asking questions is basic to many human functions. Without questions, the learning process in schools and universities would be vastly more difficult and less effective. FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) are a standard part of many websites now. The posing of questions is also an activity fundamental to diverse planning activities, ranging from the formulation of programs to the design of cities. And, questions, commonly driven by ??ere? curiosity, are the driving force behind science. So, one can ask: what questions are applicable to the field of low energy, or alternatively, lattice-enabled nuclear reactions (LENR)? That is one of the motivations behind this compilation of some questions, which are asked because they seem significant. The answers are largely the opinions of this author. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJquestionsa.pdf | ||||||
| 3010 | Conference Proceedings | Nagel, D. J., Mizuno, T., Letts, D. | 2009 | Diurnal Variations in LENR Experiments | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Diurnal Variations in LENR Experiments | Two very different LENR experiments exhibited daily variations in their characteristics or outputs. Comparison of the variations for the experiments forces the conclusion that the measured variations are artifactual. That is, they are not due to the influence of an external diurnal mechanism such as cosmic rays. However, the causes of the observed variations are not understood. Such understanding is important for the conduct of robust LENR experiments to obtain credible data. It is also critical to the reliable operation of eventual LENR power sources. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=105 | |||||
| 3011 | Edited Book | Nagel, D. J., Melich, M. E., Johnson, R., Chubb, S. R., Rothwell, J. | 2010 | Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ICCF-14) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ICCF-14) | As a result of the empirical knowledge now in hand, it is not unreasonable to imagine safe and green sources of nuclear power for homes, free of carbon emissions, which also will relieve stress on the power grid, because they might be small and distributed. LENR could be the basis for portable nuclear power sources, maybe even batteries. The production of clean drinking water by desalination or by purification of polluted river waters is one of the many, and perhaps the most attractive potential applications of LENR. The world health implications of clean water would be momentous. Those of us who work on the Fleischmann-Pons Effect find it an exciting and challenging field of research with remarkable practical potential. As a scientific effect, it is already historic. It remains to be seen if it will turn out to be a 'game changing' practical source of energy. The field is indeed EXCITING NEW SCIENCE and it offers POTENTIAL CLEAN ENERGY. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJproceeding.pdf | |||||||
| 3012 | Edited Book | Nagel, D. J., Melich, M. E., Johnson, R., Chubb, S. R., Rothwell, J. | 2010 | Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ICCF-14) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ICCF-14) | Proceedings continued from Volume 1. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJproceedinga.pdf | |||||||
| 3013 | Report | Nagel, D. J. | 2011 | Check List for LENR Validation Experiments | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Check List for LENR Validation Experiments | heat | Focardi and Rossi demonstrated a boiler device on 14 January 2011, which converted water at about 13? to steam at 101?. It was said to involve nuclear reactions between nickel built into the device and input hydrogen gas. An electrical heater in the device consumed about 1000 W at startup. Later, once the reactions started and provided heat, the input power was reduced to about 400 W. Consumption of hydrogen gas was essentially negligible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJchecklistf.pdf | |||||
| 3014 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2011 | Hot and Cold Fusion for Energy Generation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Hot and Cold Fusion for Energy Generation | Cold fusion, Condensed matter nuclear science, Fusion energy generation, Hot fusion, Low-energy nuclear reactions, Nuclear energy generation | Sixty years of research on hot fusion have cost more than $ 20 B. Only one of the dozens of experiments has barely reached breakeven, the point at which the energy produced is equal to the energy spent for its production. Twenty years of work on 'cold fusion' cost less than $ 0.2 B. Energy amplifications exceeding 10 for the palladium-deuterium system, and more than 100 for the nickel-hydrogen system, have been reported, but not verified. Hot fusion is understood and may result in large power plants in several decades. ?old fusion?, now called Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), remains a scientific mystery. If adequately funded, LENR could lead to safe, non-radioactive, green, small, distributed nuclear energy sources in less than two or three decades, well before hot fusion can produce commercial power. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=9 | ||||||
| 3015 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2012 | Potential Advantages and Impacts of LENR Generators of Thermal and Electrical Power and Energy | Infinite Energy | Potential Advantages and Impacts of LENR Generators of Thermal and Electrical Power and Energy | review | Many lists give the possible performance and implications of systems which use LENR for generation of thermal or electrical power. They mostly reside at various places on the internet. This paper brings together in one location and in written form the separate, though often related, items from the lists of possible positive features and future importance of LENR generators of power and energy. Some comments are provided on each of the putative advantages and impacts in the following pages. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJpotentiala.pdf | ||||||
| 3016 | Conference Proceedings | Nagel, D. J. | 2012 | Challenges, Attractions and Possible Impacts of Commercial Generators Based on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Challenges, Attractions and Possible Impacts of Commercial Generators Based on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Commercialization | This file includes a paper and PowerPoint slides. Commercialization of LENR sources of power and energy has several challenges.? But, if they are overcome, attractive potential advantages and important impacts should follow.? These challenges, attractions and possible impacts are cited and discussed.? The next few years might reveal which of these factors are realistic. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJchallenges.pdf | |||||
| 3017 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2013 | Scientific and Commercial Overview of ICCF18 | Infinite Energy | Scientific and Commercial Overview of ICCF18 | Review, ICCF conference | ICCF is short for the International Conference on Cold Fusion. That abbreviation was first used for the third conference in the series in 1992. In 2002, the proceedings of ICCF9 were called Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (CMNS). Since then, some of the conferences have also borne that title. ICCF18 retained the historical label and numbering system, but employed a new conference title: 'Applying the Scientific Method to Understanding Anomalous Heat Effects: Opportunities and Challenges.' This conference title emphasized an operational aspect of the research, rather than a name for the field. The focus on scientific methodology and understanding is entirely appropriate at this stage in development of the field. The science remains a vexing and challenging endeavor spanning several disciplines. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJscientifica.pdf | ||||||
| 3018 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2013 | Comments on Storms' Ideas About the Location and Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Infinite Energy | 19 Comments on Storms' Ideas About the Location and Mechanism for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions theory | theory, critique | Character and Role of Theory Storms? view of where and how low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) occur has been called a theory, so we begin with an examination of the character of a scientific theory. A compact summary about theory in any science is available in Wikipedia: ?? scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Scientists create scientific theories from hypotheses that have been corroborated through the scientific method, then gather evidence to test their accuracy. As with all forms of scientific knowledge, scientific theories. . .aim for predictive and explanatory force.? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJcommentson.pdf | ||||||
| 3019 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2013 | Characteristics and Energetics of Craters in LENR Experimental Materials | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 10 | Characteristics and Energetics of Craters in LENR Experimental Materials | Cathode materials, Craters, Low-energy nuclear reactions, LENR, Transmutations | Small craters have been observed frequently in the surfaces of cathodes from electrochemical LENR experiments. They are generally 1–100 µm in size. The craters vary widely in shape and areal distribution. Two methods were used to determine the energies needed to produce such craters. The resulting energies range from nJ to mJ, depending on the crater size. If craters are caused by LENR, then many nearly simultaneous MeV-level energy releases would have to occur in a very small volume. There are numerous open basic questions regarding the formation and characteristics of craters in LENR cathodes. It remains to be seen if craters will be helpful in understanding the origin | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedi.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 3020 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2014 | Questions About Lattice Enabled Nuclear Reactions: Mechanisms and Materials | Infinite Energy | 15 Questions About Lattice Enabled Nuclear Reactions: Mechanisms and Materials | Theory | Questions serve to focus discussions of research problems and engineering challenges. This is the first of three papers, which will pose and address technical questions about Lattice Enabled Nuclear Reactions (LENR). It deals with theoretical mechanisms and key materials in LENR experiments and potential power generators. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJquestionsaa.pdf | ||||||
| 3021 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J., Srinivasan, M. | 2014 | Evidence from LENR Experiments for Bursts of Heat, Sound, EM Radiation and Particles and for Micro-explosions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 443-454 Evidence from LENR Experiments for Bursts of Heat, Sound, EM Radiation and Particles and for Micro-explosions | Energy bursts, Low energy nuclear reactions, Micro-explosions, Power bursts | We examined published evidence for power production by LENR, which occurred too fast to be captured by calorimeters. That evidence includes observations of craters in materials, measurements of sound emission, recordings of radio-frequency, infrared and X-ray emissions, measurements of neutrons and charged particles and micro-explosions. The energy emission times, some below 1 ms, are tabulated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=453 | ||||||
| 3022 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2015 | Scientific and Commercial Overview of ICCF19 | Infinite Energy | Scientific and Commercial Overview of ICCF19 | Review | ICCF is the abbreviation for International Conference on Cold Fusion. It is the historic identifier of a series of conferences that started in 1990. The 19th conference had the full title of International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (CMNS). It was held from April 13 to 17, 2015 in Padua, Italy, about 40 kilometers west of Venice. This was the fourth conference in this series that was held in Italy. The General Chairman of the conference was Anthony La Gatta, who is the Founder and President of the company TSEM. He opened the conference with an interesting theme on the melding of mathematics and music. The Co-Chairmen were Michael C.H. McKubre from SRI International and Vittorio Violante of Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJscientificb.pdf | ||||||
| 3023 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J., Swanson, R. | 2015 | LENR Excess Heat may not be Entirely from Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 279 LENR Excess Heat may not be Entirely from Nuclear Reactions | Energy, Low energy nuclear reactions, Mechanisms for LENR | Some theories of the mechanisms active in producing Lattice Enabled (or Low Energy) Nuclear Reactions (LENR) predict the formation of compact objects with binding energies and sizes intermediate between those of atoms and nuclei. The existence of compact objects remains unproven. But, if such objects exist and are formed during what are now called LENR experiments, they might release substantial energy without any nuclear reactions. Because of the small size of hypothetical compact objects, it is thought that the protons or deuterons at their centers might subsequently participate in nuclear reactions, producing more energy, transmutation products or energetic quanta. Such a two-step sequence could explain the relatively low production rates of nuclear reaction products, and also difficulties in correlating excess heat with the amounts of such products. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=286 | ||||||
| 3024 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2015 | Energy gains from lattice-enabled nuclear reactions | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 641 Energy gains from lattice-enabled nuclear reactions | |||||||||
| 3025 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2015 | Lattice-enabled nuclear reactions in the nickel and hydrogen gas system | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 646 Lattice-enabled nuclear reactions in the nickel and hydrogen gas system | |||||||||
| 3026 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J., Moser, A. E. | 2016 | High Energy Density and Power Density Events in Lattice-enabled Nuclear Reaction Experiments and Generators | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 219 High Energy Density and Power Density Events in Lattice-enabled Nuclear Reaction Experiments and Generators | Craters, Explosions, High-power, LENR, Meltdowns | The rapid release of energy from Lattice Enabled (or Low Energy) Nuclear Reactions is of interest for three reasons. First, it constrains and challenges theories about the mechanism(s) active in producing LENR. Next, it might heavily influence the design of heat and electrical generators based on LENR, since they have to be safe for use by a wide variety of people. Finally, there has long been interest in whether or not LENR could be used to augment existing weapons or produce to entirely new weapons. This paper first reviews reports in the literature of meltdowns or explosions that might have been caused by LENR. Then, each of the three areas cited above is examined. It is clear that reported high energy or high power events will heavily impact theories about LENR and the development of safe products. It is unclear now if LENR will be weaponized in any form. Control of the initiation of explosive LENR events is obviously necessary for that possibility. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=227 | ||||||
| 3027 | Report | Nagel, D. J. | 2017 | Evidence of Operability and Utility from Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | NUCAT Energy LLC | Evidence of Operability and Utility from Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Experiments | Commercialization | An objective of this report is to remove doubt about measured results from Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) experiments, even though the mechanisms that produce LENR are not fully understood. The report demonstrates that there is much reputable evidence in available technical records, which shows LENR devices are capable of producing energy. It has been demonstrated experimentally and often that chemical energies can produce nuclear reactions. Significant energy gains are possible. The 'excess heat' found by Fleischmann and Pons has attractive features. They include low levels of prompt and residual radiation, and no production of green house gases. Reaction by-products, such as tritium or helium, are also generated. They can only result from nuclear reactions. Low Energy Nuclear Reactions have great practical potential. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NagelDJevidenceof.pdf | |||||
| 3028 | Journal Article | Nagel, D. J. | 2018 | Expectations of LENR Theories | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | Expectations of LENR Theories | Empirical observations, Heat??e correlation, LENR, Low energy nuclear reactions, Theory | The mechanisms that cause Lattice Enabled (or Low Energy) Nuclear Reactions (LENR) are still not understood, even though much is known empirically about LENR. We provide list of 24 observations from almost three decades of LENR experiments. These observations require theoretical explanations. This paper deals with two aspects of the many theories about the mechanisms. The first is the theories themselves, i.e., their characteristics and results. The few dozen available theories on LENR mechanisms are diverse and complex. Only a lengthy paper could properly summarize their essence, including all assumptions and implications. Such a thorough review of extant LENR theories would be challenging to write. Here, we merely indicate reviews and other sources of information on LENR theories. The second focus of this paper is the status of development of LENR theories, specifically, the completeness of their elaboration. It is possible to detail what is expected of LENR theorists by experimentalists, teachers, students, developers and other interested personnel. We provide and discuss ten questions for LENR theoreticians about the description (characteristics) and status (development) of their ideas. The nearly three decades of theoretical work on LENR has resulted in remarkably few well-developed theories. None of them has yet been adequately tested and widely accepted. There remains a great opportunity for some theoretician to provide the basic understanding of LENR. That understanding would enable or speed the commercialization of this new, clean, promising and much needed energy source. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=20 | ||||||
| 3029 | Journal Article | Nager, U., Hayden, M. E., Booth, J. L., Hardy, W. N., Whitehead, L. A., Carolan, J. F., Balzarini, D. A., Wishnow, E. H., Blake, C. C. | 1990 | High Precision Calorimetric Apparatus for Studying Electrolysis Reactions | Rev. Sci. Instr., Vol = 61, Num = 5, Page = 1504 | High Precision Calorimetric Apparatus for Studying Electrolysis Reactions | calorimeter, method, apparatus, heat | ||||||||
| 3030 | Journal Article | Naitoh, K., Tsuchiya, K., Ayukawa, K., Oyanagi, S., Kanase, T., Tsuru, K., Konagaya, R. | 2017 | Fundamental Experimental Tests toward Future Cold Fusion Engine Based on Point-compression due to Supermulti-jets Colliding with Pulse (Fusine) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Fundamental Experimental Tests toward Future Cold Fusion Engine Based on Point-compression due to Supermulti-jets Colliding with Pulse (Fusine) | Experiment, Pulse, Reactor, Simulation, Supermulti-jets colliding, Theory | Our previous reports based on theoretical considerations and supercomputer simulation showed the possibility that super multi-air jets of gases such as air or deuterium colliding with pulse (K. Naitoh, patent: 2012-519298 (2010)) lead to self-compression over 60 MPa and 2000 K at single point around the reacted center, at maximum. This may bring about a more stable occurrence of cold fusion. This approach due to supermulti-jets will also cause an insulation effect because of encasing, which will result in less heat loss from the reactor walls. Based on this, we developed three types of prototype engine reactors using the supermulti-jets colliding with pulse. In the present report, we show some fundamental experimental data for one of the three prototype engine reactors, derived now, before we plan to begin testing for cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=248 | ||||||
| 3031 | Conference Proceedings | Nakada, M., Kusunoki, T., Okamoto, M. | 1992 | Energy of the Neutrons Emitted in Heavy Water Electrolysis | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 173 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Energy of the Neutrons Emitted in Heavy Water Electrolysis | Pd, D2O, neutron, energy, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | The Low/High pulse mode electrolysis has been introduced to carry out the experimental study to clarify the dependency of the UH pulse modes operation of electrolysis on the neutron emission from the Pd cathodes. Among 6 runs of the electrolysis of VH pulse mode operations, 3 of them gave appreciable neutron emission. The neutron energy spectra were found to have the two compornents (2.45 MeV peak and a broad band in higher energy region). The intensity of the 2.45 MeV neutron is smaller than that of the higher energy. Electrolytic charging of Pd (D/Pd 0.6-0.8) produced neutrons. High-Low currents used. Energy peaks were seen at 2.45 MeV and 3-7 MeV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=179 | ||
| 3032 | Conference Proceedings | Nakada, M., Kusunoki, T., Okamoto, M., Odawara, O. | 1992 | A Role of Lithium for the Neutron Emission in Heavy Water Electrolysis | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 581 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | A Role of Lithium for the Neutron Emission in Heavy Water Electrolysis | Li, Pd, D2O, neutron, surface analysis, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | The depth profile analysis of Pd, Li, and D has been performed by means of SIMS to clarify the roles of lithium in D2O Pd electrolysis for cold fusion research. Very clear differences between the depth profiles of Li and D in the Pd electrode surfaces with the neutron emissions and without it. The depth profiles were also found to depend on the mode of the electric current employed. Based on the above findings, it is discussed that the anomalous deuterium accumulation in the surface region of the Pd with the neutron emission and attributed to the formation of Pd-Li layer in the surface region and to the low/high pulsed mode electrolysis with heavy water with LiOD. The depth profile of Li in Pd was measured using SIMS. Samples producing and not producing neutrons were examined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=318 | ||
| 3033 | Journal Article | Nakamitsu, Y., Chiba, M., Fukushima, K., Hirose, T., Kubo, K., Fujii, M., Nakahara, H., Seimiya, T., Sueki, K., Katada, M., Baba, N., Kamasaki, S., Ikuta, S., Endo, K., Shirakawa, T. | 1994 | Study of cold nuclear fusion with electrolysis at low-temperature range | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 107 | Study of cold nuclear fusion with electrolysis at low-temperature range | methanol, Pd, electrolysis, low temperature, neutron | ||||||||
| 3034 | Journal Article | Nakamura, K., Kawase, T., Ogura, I. | 1996 | Possibility of element transmutation by arcing in water | Kinki Daigaku Genshiryoku Kenkyusho Nenpo, Vol = 33 | Possibility of element transmutation by arcing in water | heat, gas discharge, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 3035 | Journal Article | Nakamura, K., Kishimoto, Y., Ogura, I. | 1997 | Element Conversion by Arcing in Aqueous Solution | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 53 | Element Conversion by Arcing in Aqueous Solution | gas discharge, transmutation, H2O, plasma | ||||||||
| 3036 | Conference Proceedings | Nakata, T., Tsuchida, Y., Kunimatsu, K. | 1992 | Absorption of Hydrogen into Palladium Foil Electrode: Effect of Thiourea | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 573 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Absorption of Hydrogen into Palladium Foil Electrode: Effect of Thiourea | thiourea, Pd, D2O, loading, overvoltage, ICCF-3 | Electrolytic hydrogen absorption into Pd foil (50 μm thickness) was investigated in the absence and presence of 30 μ M thiourea (THU) in 0.5M H2SO4 and 0.4M LiOH. The amount of hydrogen absorbed under cathodic polarization was determined by integrating the ionization current of hydrogen when Pd electrode was polarized anodically. After THU addition in the acidic and alkaline solution H/Pd increased by about 8% and 5%, respectively. Further we tried absorption of deuterium into Pd foil and found a similar effect of THU to increase D/Pd only in the acidic solution. Addition of thiourea improved loading when used in both acid and basic solution. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=310 | ||
| 3037 | Conference Proceedings | Nakata, T., Kobayashi, M., Nagahama, M., Akita, H., Hasegawa, N., Kunimatsu, K. | 1996 | Excess Heat Measurement at High Cathode Loading by Deuterium During Electrolysis of Heavy Water using Pd Cathode | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 121 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Excess Heat Measurement at High Cathode Loading by Deuterium During Electrolysis of Heavy Water using Pd Cathode | heat-, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, D/Pd, loading, Pd-Rh, ICCF-6 | We reported excess heat data as a function of cathode loading by deuterium, OlPd, using various kinds of Pd materials as a cathode in fuel cell type closed cells developed in our laboratory [1]. Since then we have tried to reproduce the excess heat data by employing a different kind of calorimetry, mass flow calorimetry, at better cathode loadings because the previous data was restricted to the cathode loading lower than 0.86. The issue of electrolytic loading of deuterium into a Pd cathode was investigated in terms of the bulk and surface properties of the cathode, and it was concluded that the surface and the bulk properties plays an essential role respectively for a given bulk and a surface properties [2]. We have employed three major approaches to improve the cathode loading based on these studies: (1 )pretreatment of the Pd samples by either annealing at high temperature or by chemical etching in aqua regia, (2)application of the partial deload-reload cycles, (3)alloying with rhodium. We report a summary of the 26 excess heat measurements by mass flow calorimetry under the improved cathode loadings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=138 | ||
| 3038 | Journal Article | Nakazawa, M. | 1990 | Urtra low-level neutron counting | Hoshasen, Vol = 16, Num = 3, Page = 8 (in Japanese) | Urtra low-level neutron counting | review, neutron, method | ||||||||
| 3039 | Journal Article | Nakazawa, M., Shibata, T., Iguchi, T., Akimoto, T., Niimura, N., Oyama, Y., Aizawa, O. | 1990 | Cold fusion and low level neutron measurements | Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkaishi, Vol = 32 | Cold fusion and low level neutron measurements | review | ||||||||
| 3040 | Journal Article | Namiot, V. A., Shchurova, L. Yu. | 2020 | On Enhancement of Transmission Probability through a High Potential Barrier Due to an Anti-Zeno Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | On Enhancement of Transmission Probability through a High Potential Barrier Due to an Anti-Zeno Effect | Barrier anti-Zeno effect, Cold nuclear fusion, Particle transmission through a barrier | We consider a situation in which observations themselves can significantly increase a particle transmission probability through a high barrier compared with the particle tunneling probability (a barrier anti-Zeno effect). This may explain the results of cold fusion experiments that have been reported by other authors for various systems. We examine the anti-Zeno effect as a model of a barrier of a special shape, which is similar to the form of barriers to nuclear fusion in a solid, and moreover, has an analytic solution. We have deduced formulas that demonstrate conditions that increase the barrier permeability. Numerical estimates of the particle flows through the barrier are carried out for the conditions of cold fusion experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=108 | ||||||
| 3041 | Journal Article | Narayanaswamy, C. R. | 2017 | Observation of Anomalous Production of Si and Fe in an Arc Furnace Driven Ferro Silicon Smelting Plant at levels of Tons per day | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Observation of Anomalous Production of Si and Fe in an Arc Furnace Driven Ferro Silicon Smelting Plant at levels of Tons per day | Carbon Arc, Energy balance, Fe??i alloy, Transmutation | In the period 1978?2002, The Silcal Metallurgic Ltd., a Coimbatore (India) based company, was engaged in the production of ferro silicon alloy deploying a 12 MVA ?ubmerged Carbon Arc? powered smelter. During a 11-week long non-stop round the clock operation of the plant in 1995, daily feed of raw materials was: Quartz (33.4 ton), charcoal (with fixed carbon content of 13.2 ton) and scrap steel (5.1 ton) while the daily output production of Fe??i alloy (73.5% Si) was 24.75 ton. From the total weights of Si and Fe in the input feed and assuming 100% recovery of the metals, the daily output alloy production could at best have been only 20.5 ton. However to our surprise throughout the 11-week period the total daily Fe??i alloy (with 73.5% Si) output was consistently 24.75 ton, corresponding to a daily ?nomalous? excess metal production of 4.25 ton of Fe??i alloy. The only source of Si entering the smelter furnace was the quartz raw material and that of Fe was the scrap steel (except for minor additional amounts of Fe originating from the steel casing of the consumable S?erberg carbon electrodes). Very careful vigil of the weights of daily input feed of raw materials and output alloy drained out as also the electrical energy consumption was maintained. It was evident that roughly 20% more metal than could be accounted for from the input feed was being produced and consequently we have been obliged to come to the conclusion that anomalous quantities of Si (2.8 ton/day) and Fe (1.45 ton/day) were being synthesized during the smelting process. Discussions with researchers involved in the Cold Fusion/LENR field have suggested that a likely explanation for the anomalous metal production could be the occurrence of transmutation reactions between nuclei of C and the O stripped from the SiO2 during the chemical reduction process. It is speculated that the intense varying magnetic fields generated by the kilo-amp levels of alternating current (AC) driving the arcing between the three gigantic carbon electrodes and the carbonic hearth of the furnace, in the 2000?C temperature environment, could have somehow catalyzed transmutation reactions to occur, very similar to the transmutations reported in laboratory scale ?arbon-Arc experiments? first revealed by George Oshawa in 1964. But the more puzzling aspect of our observations is that there was no evidence of release of the expected massive amounts of nuclear energy that should have accompanied the postulated transmutation reactions based on the atomic masses of the nuclei involved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=256 | ||||||
| 3042 | Conference Proceedings | Narita, S., Yamada, H., Arapi, A., Sato, N., Kato, D., Yamamura, M., Itagaki, M. | 2003 | Gamma Ray Detection and Surface Analysis on Palladium Electrode in DC Glow-like Discharge Experiment | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Gamma Ray Detection and Surface Analysis on Palladium Electrode in DC Glow-like Discharge Experiment | glow discharge, radioactivity, gamma, transmutation | We performed glow-like discharge experiments using deuterated palladium cathode in deuterium atmosphere to investigate the possibility of inducing low-energy nuclear reaction. Anomalous gamma ray emissions in the 80 - 230keV region were sometimes observed. It was assumed that a nuclear reaction took place during the experiment, producing short-lived radioisotopes, and these radioisotopes emitted the gamma rays in their decay processes. Elements and their isotopic abundance on the palladium cathodes were investigated by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to find evidence of a nuclear reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NaritaSgammarayde.pdf | |||
| 3043 | Conference Proceedings | Narita, S., Yamada, H., Takahashi, D., Wagatsuma, Y., Taniguchi, S., Itagaki, M. | 2005 | Discharge Experiment Using Pd/CaO/Pd Multi-layered Cathode | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Discharge Experiment Using Pd/CaO/Pd Multi-layered Cathode | glow discharge, transmutation | ||||||
| 3044 | Conference Proceedings | Narita, S., Yamada, H., Takahashi, D., Wagatsuma, Y., Taniguchi, S., Itagaki, M. | 2005 | Discharge Experiment Using Pd/CaO/Pd Multi-layered Cathode (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Discharge Experiment Using Pd/CaO/Pd Multi-layered Cathode (PowerPoint slides) | transmutation, glow discharge | ||||||
| 3045 | Journal Article | Narita, S., Neichi, K., Matsumoto, T. | 2013 | Evaluation of Uncertainties in Measurement of Isotopic Abundance by Semi-quantitative Analysis with TOF-SIMS | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | Evaluation of Uncertainties in Measurement of Isotopic Abundance by Semi-quantitative Analysis with TOF-SIMS | Isotopic abundance, metal deuteride, surface morphology, TOF-SIMS, transmutation | In 'Condensed Matter Nuclear Science', an anomaly in isotopic abundances of the sample components is often considered as an evidence of a nuclear transmutation. TOF-SIMS is one of the popular tools to investigate the isotopic composition in the research, and it is known that a measured abundance possibly has a certain uncertainty due to unique effects of the device. In this study, we measured isotopic abundances for some types of metal foil samples with various surface conditions by a semi-quantitative analysis with TOF-SIMS, and evaluated the uncertainties. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=98 | ||||||
| 3046 | Conference Proceedings | Nassikas, A. A. | 2000 | The Cold Fusion as a Space-Time Pumping Process | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 467 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | The Cold Fusion as a Space-Time Pumping Process | theory, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 3047 | Journal Article | Nassisi, V. | 1997 | Incandescent Pd and Anomalous Distribution of Elements in Deuterated Samples Processed by an Excimer Laser | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 3/4, Page = 14 | Incandescent Pd and Anomalous Distribution of Elements in Deuterated Samples Processed by an Excimer Laser | laser, Pd, transmutation, D2 | ||||||||
| 3048 | Journal Article | Nassisi, V. | 1998 | Transmutation of elements in saturated palladium hydrides by an XeCl excimer laser | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Transmutation of elements in saturated palladium hydrides by an XeCl excimer laser | Pd, laser, D2, surface analysis, neutron, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3049 | Journal Article | Nassisi, V., Longo, M. L. | 2000 | Experimental results of transmutation of elements observed in etched palladium samples by an excimer laser | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Experimental results of transmutation of elements observed in etched palladium samples by an excimer laser | Pd, D2, transmutation, surface analysis, transmutation, laser | ||||||||
| 3050 | Journal Article | Nassisi, V., Carettom, A., Manno, D., Fama, L., Buccolieri, G., A/, Buccolieri., Mastromatteo, U. | 2011 | Modification of Pd-H2 and Pd-D2 Thin Films Processed by He-Ne Laser | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Modification of Pd-H2 and Pd-D2 Thin Films Processed by He-Ne Laser | Cold fusion, Laser, Palladium thin film, Silicon, Transmutation | In this work, we performed experiments of absorption of hydrogen and deuterium gas by Pd thin films, and we compared the behavior of these samples to unprocessed films. We also employed a continuous wave He-Ne laser to irradiate the samples inside the chamber during the treatment, in order to increase the gas absorption. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electron probe micro-analyzer (EDX), we observed structures like spots on the surface of the treated samples. Inside the spots, elements other than Pd were found. Based on these results, we determined that gas loading is an effective way to transmute elements, and the laser action has been a very effective way to increase morphological changes in the treated samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 3051 | Journal Article | Nassissi, V. | 1997 | Incandescent Pd and Anomalous Distribution of Elements in Deuterated Samples Processed by an Excimer Laser | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 3/4, Page = 14 | Incandescent Pd and Anomalous Distribution of Elements in Deuterated Samples Processed by an Excimer Laser | laser, Pd, transmutation, D2 | ||||||||
| 3052 | Journal Article | Natter, H., Wettmann, B., Heisel, B., Hempelmann, R. | 1997 | Hydrogen in nanocrystalline palladium | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Hydrogen in nanocrystalline palladium | palladium black, diffusion, phase diagram, pressure, Pd-black | ||||||||
| 3053 | Book Section | Nayar, M. G., Mitra, S. K., Raghunathan, P., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Gaonkar, D. G., Sikka, S. K., Shyam, A., Chitra, V. | 1989 | Preliminary Results Of Cold Fusion Studies Using A Five Module High Current Electrolytic Cell | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Preliminary Results Of Cold Fusion Studies Using A Five Module High Current Electrolytic Cell | neutron, tritium, Pd, D | Introduction In their first cold fusion paper Fleischmann et al. suggested that an electrolytic cell with large volume and surface area and high current density may cause fusion reactions resulting in the production of significant amounts of heat and nuclear particles. The experiments reported in this paper present the results of our early efforts to design and operate a high current modular Pd-Ni electrolytic cell and look for cold fusion reactions. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NayarMGpreliminar.pdf | |||
| 3054 | Conference Proceedings | NCFI | 1990 | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion | Proceedings of The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf | |||
| 3055 | Report | NCFI | 1991 | Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Overview, Executive Summary, Chemistry, Physics, Gas Reactions, Metallurgy | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Overview, Executive Summary, Chemistry, Physics, Gas Reactions, Metallurgy | The March 1989 announcement by Pons and Fleischmann stimulated worldwide interest in the cold fusion phenomenon. In Utah the legislature appropriated $5 million to support cold fusion research and development. As cold fusion inquiries continue worldwide, this interim report has been written to document the scientific and legal work that has been funded by the Utah legislature. This is volume I of the report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIinvestigat.pdf | |||||
| 3056 | Report | NCFI | 1991 | Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Engineering | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Engineering | The March 1989 announcement by Pons and Fleischmann stimulated worldwide interest in the cold fusion phenomenon. In Utah the legislature appropriated $5 million to support cold fusion research and development. As cold fusion inquiries continue worldwide, this interim report has been written to document the scientific and legal work that has been funded by the Utah legislature. This is volume II of the report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIinvestigata.pdf | |||||
| 3057 | Report | NCFI | 1991 | Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Theoretical and Collaborative Studies | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | Investigation of Cold Fusion Phenomena in Deuterated Metals. Final Report, Theoretical and Collaborative Studies | The March 1989 announcement by Pons and Fleischmann stimulated worldwide interest in the cold fusion phenomenon. In Utah the legislature appropriated $5 million to support cold fusion research and development. As cold fusion inquiries continue worldwide, this interim report has been written to document the scientific and legal work that has been funded by the Utah legislature. This is volume III of the report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIinvestigatb.pdf | |||||
| 3058 | Conference Proceedings | NEDO | 1996 | The Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Volume 1 | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization | Japan | The Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Volume 1 | The 6th International Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF6) was held at Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan, on October 13th - 18th 1996, with 179 participants registering from 17 countries. 43 oral presentation papers and 77 poster presentation papers were selected out of more than 160 abstracts originally submitted. The Proceedings, ??ROGRESS IN NEW HYDROGEN ENERGY?, has been edited as the document of the Conference. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf | |||||
| 3059 | Conference Proceedings | NEDO | 1996 | The Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Volume 2 | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization | Japan | The Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Volume 2 | Volume 2. The 6th International Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF6) was held at Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan, on October 13th - 18th 1996, with 179 participants registering from 17 countries. 43 oral presentation papers and 77 poster presentation papers were selected out of more than 160 abstracts originally submitted. The Proceedings, ??ROGRESS IN NEW HYDROGEN ENERGY?, has been edited as the document of the Conference. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf | |||||
| 3060 | Journal Article | Nedospasov, A. V., Mudetskaya, E. V. | 1997 | Comments on the possible nature of 'cold fusion' phenomena | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Comments on the possible nature of 'cold fusion' phenomena | Theory, eleptino | ||||||||
| 3061 | Journal Article | Nee, H. H., Subashiev, A. V., Prados-Esteves, F. M. | 2019 | Lattice Confinement of Hydrogen in FCC Metals for Fusion Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Lattice Confinement of Hydrogen in FCC Metals for Fusion Reactions | DFT, Divacancies, Fusion reaction rate, Ignition energy, Lattice confinement, Nickel, Screening potential | Clusters of H isotope atoms segregated to vacancies, divacancies and vacancy?mpurity complexes in FCC metals are proposed as fuel for low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). Such clusters combine extremely high H atomic density, large values of screening potential, and as a result, a low LENR ignition energy in eV region. Besides, high average H density can be achieved due to the superabundant vacancy state (SAV) formation. These conclusions are made based on the density functional theory (DFT) modeling of these clusters, estimations of the nuclear reaction rates using experimental data for the nuclear reaction cross sections and a wide set of experimental studies of charging and recharging of various Ni samples with H and D atoms. The results were analyzed using temperature programmed desorption. The experiments confirmed extremely high loading of Ni samples with H isotopes. We discuss the problem of suitable ignition mechanisms and sustainability conditions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=502 | ||||||
| 3062 | Journal Article | Nefedov, V. I. | 1991 | Cold nuclear fusion? | Vestnik Akad. Nauk SSSR | Cold nuclear fusion? | review | ||||||||
| 3063 | Journal Article | Neuville, S. | 2017 | Perspective on Low Energy Bethe Nuclear Fusion Reactor with Quantum Electronic Atomic Rearrangement of Carbon | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 23 | Perspective on Low Energy Bethe Nuclear Fusion Reactor with Quantum Electronic Atomic Rearrangement of Carbon | Anharmonic Phonon-nulcear resonance, Bethe?eizs?ker proton CNO fusion reactor, Carbon material characterization, Synchronic phonon/proton-nucleus collision, Quantum electronic atomic rearrangement | The relatively low/medium proton/carbon collision threshold energy (1?8 keV) of the Bethe?eizs?ker nuclear reaction cycle C, N, and O observed in low temperature carbon rich stars suggests the eventual technical feasibility of a solid-state carbon fusion reactor. H+ used as a precursor nuclear material can be implanted in solid-state carbon material. We must then consider all effects that can affect nuclear collision efficiency, including solid-state structure specificity, proton channeling and the reduction of the original proton energy with electronic interactions, before looking at the possible nuclear reactions themselves. We then have to consider the different effects and types of atomic rearrangement favoring either sp2 or sp3 sites or which influence the carbon material structure. For this purpose, we review first a recently developed theoretical approach, which might explain important aspects of this phenomenon with still high confidence up to now. These aspects include quantum electronic activation especially with H2 recombination energy release, which is different from usual chemical and metallurgical thermal atomic rearrangement with which an optimized ta-C sp3 carbon structure can be controlled. It should also be considered that carbon structure determination methodology ? including the recently revised Raman theory ? provide more correct and accurate results. To be falsified a study of this type of proton?arbon nuclear reactor must also take into account effects which modify the carbon nucleus structure in favor of nuclear fusion. It is suggested that anharmonic synchronic Phonon-nulcear resonance may be a contributing factor. However, present failures and the limits of abstract Quantum Mechanical formalism bring little clarification on this last point, which we suggest is owing to insufficient physical description of particle wave character. In order to improve these aspects of the theory, we suggest revisiting aether theory which with further investigation and development of 3D fluid mechanics is expected to account for all QM acquired, and to be able to provide clearer physical insight into the subatomic particle wave aspects and corresponding nuclear reaction mechanism. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedv.pdf#page=96 | ||||||
| 3064 | Conference Proceedings | Nezu, S., Sano, T. | 1993 | Measurement of Hydrogen Loading Ratio of Pd Electrodes Cathodically Polarized in Aqueous Solutions | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 31 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Measurement of Hydrogen Loading Ratio of Pd Electrodes Cathodically Polarized in Aqueous Solutions | Pd, D2O, loading, Pd-Ag, Pd-Ce, Pd-Rh, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 3065 | Journal Article | Nicholson, J. P. | 1996 | A search for particle emission from a gas-loaded deuterium-palladium system in the alpha-beta phase | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | A search for particle emission from a gas-loaded deuterium-palladium system in the alpha-beta phase | Pd, D2, neutron, proton, Pd, particle emission | ||||||||
| 3066 | Journal Article | Niedra, J. M., Myers, I. T. | 1996 | Replication of the apparent excess heat effect in light water-potassium carbonate-nickel-electrolytic cell | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 7, Page = 62 | Replication of the apparent excess heat effect in light water-potassium carbonate-nickel-electrolytic cell | heat-, H2O, Ni, electrolysis, replication Mills | Replication of experiments claiming to demonstrate excess heat production in light water-Ni-K2CO3 electrolytic cells was found to produce an apparent excess heat of 11 W maximum, for 60 W electrical power into the cell. Power gains ranged from 1.06 to 1.68. The cell was operated at four different dc current levels plus one pulsed current run at 1 Hz, 10% duty cycle. The 28 liter cell used in these verification tests was on loan from a private corporation whose own tests with similar cells are documented to produce 50 W steady excess heat for a continuous period exceeding hundreds of days. The apparent excess heat can not be readily explained either in terms of nonlinearity of the cell's thermal conductance at a low temperature differential or by thermoelectric heat pumping. However, the present data do admit efficient recombination of dissolved hydrogen-oxygen as an ordinary explanation. Calorimetry methods and heat balance calculations for the verification tests are described. Considering the large magnitude of benefit if this effect is found to be a genuine new energy source, a more thorough investigation of evolved heat in the nickel-hydrogen system in both electrolytic and gaseous loading cells remains warranted. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NiedraJMreplicatio.pdf | ||||||
| 3067 | Journal Article | Nigmatulin, R. I., Taleyarkhan, R. P., Lahey, R. T. | 2004 | Evidence for nuclear emissions during acoustic cavitation revisited | Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part A J. Power Eng., Vol = 218 | Evidence for nuclear emissions during acoustic cavitation revisited | Cavitation | ||||||||
| 3068 | Journal Article | Nigmatulin, R. I., Akhatov, I., Topolnikov, A., Bolotnova, R., Vakhitova, N., Lahey, R. T., Taleyarkhan, R. P. | 2005 | Theory of supercompression of vapor bubbles and nanoscale thermonuclear fusion | Phys. Fluids, Vol = 17 | Theory of supercompression of vapor bubbles and nanoscale thermonuclear fusion | Sonofusion | ||||||||
| 3069 | Journal Article | Nikitin, A. N., Gutzeva, G. Z., Leferd, G. A., Cheshyk, I. A., Okumoto, S., Sihintani, M., Higa, T. | 2019 | Influence of Effective Microorganisms on the Activity of 137Cs in the Soil Contaminated due to the Accident on the Chernobyl NPP | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Influence of Effective Microorganisms on the Activity of 137Cs in the Soil Contaminated due to the Accident on the Chernobyl NPP | Cesium-137, Effective microorganisms, Radioactive decay, Radioactive isotopes, Soil | Microbiological soil improvers have a potential as a tool for regulation transfer of induced radioisotopes and other pollutants into crops. During the development of a method using effective microorganisms (EM) to reduce the soil-to-plant transfer of 137Cs on land contaminated with radioactive cesium, an unexpected effect of EM on the reduction of the 137Cs activity in soil samples was observed. Laboratory experiments were then conducted to evaluate the impact of EM and fermented organic fertilizer (EM Bokashi) on the 137Cs activity in soil samples to investigate this observation. The experimental results indicate an increase in the 137Cs decay rate of up to 4 times the usual decay rate corresponding to the half-life of 137Cs, which is 30.17 years. Our results suggest that EM accelerates the radioactive decay of 137Cs in soil. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=239 | ||||||
| 3070 | Journal Article | Nimtz, G., Marquardt, P. | 1990 | A proposal for a lukewarm nuclear fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | A proposal for a lukewarm nuclear fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 3071 | Journal Article | Nishimiya, N., Kishi, T., Mizushima, T., Matsumoto, A., Tsutsumi, K. | 2001 | Hyperstoichiometric Hydrogen Occlusion by Palladium Nanoparticles Included in NaY Zeolite | J. Alloys and Compounds, Volume 319, Issues 1–2, 26 April 2001, Pages 312-321 | Elsevier | Hyperstoichiometric Hydrogen Occlusion by Palladium Nanoparticles Included in NaY Zeolite | Pd, PdH, composition, nanoparticles, PdH2 | Amounts of occluded hydrogen in palladium-containing NaY zeolites increased with the palladium content. Allocation of mols of hydrogen atoms to palladium gave large H/Pd ratios higher than unity at 298 K under 100 kPa of hydrogen. As the palladium content increased, the proportion of the external palladium increased and the H/Pd value decreased to approach that for powdery palladium. The hyperstoichiometric occlusion of hydrogen can be attributed to palladium nanoparticles or clusters inside the pores of zeolite. Whereas the interstitial site per palladium atom was unity for powdery palladium, for the internal palladium species it seemed to be two or more. Before reaching the stoichiometric composition, PdH, the palladium species released substantial heat on hydriding similarly to powdery palladium. After the hydrogen content exceeded the stoichiometry, the heat on hydriding was as low as 1 kJ/mol H2 | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0925838801009215 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(01)00921-5 | |||||
| 3072 | Journal Article | Nishizawa, K. | 1990 | Radiation Protection Aspects of cold fusion | Hoken Butsuri, Vol = 25 | Radiation Protection Aspects of cold fusion | health | ||||||||
| 3073 | Journal Article | Nishizawa, K. | 1991 | Neutron measurements in cold fusion | Hoshasen, Vol = 17, Num = 1, Page = 4 (in Japanese) | Neutron measurements in cold fusion | neutron, D2, Pd, gas discharge, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 3074 | Conference Proceedings | Noble, G., Dash, J., McNasser, L. | 1995 | Electrolysis of Heavy Water with a Palladium and Sulfate Composite | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 136 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Electrolysis of Heavy Water with a Palladium and Sulfate Composite | electrolysis, D2O, Pd, heat+, coating, Pt, layer, ICCF-5 | It appears excess heat can be produced during the electrolysis of heavy water with a palladium and sulfate composite. Experiments seem to show that when this com p osite is coated on Platinum , and used as a cathode, excess heat similar to that generated with solid Pd results. D2SO4 elecrolyte used. Poor calorimetry but claim Pd electroplated on to Pt from an D2SO4 solution produced excess energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=153 | ||
| 3075 | Conference Proceedings | Nohmi, T., Sasaki, Y., Yamaguchi, T., Taniike, A., Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2008 | Basic Research On Condensed Matter Nuclear Reaction Using Pd Powders Charged With High Density Deuterium | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Basic Research On Condensed Matter Nuclear Reaction Using Pd Powders Charged With High Density Deuterium | heat, nanoparticles | We have constructed an experimental system to replicate the phenomenon of heat and 4He generation by D2 gas absorption in nano-sized Pd powders reported by Arata, and to investigate the underlying physics. We performed calorimetry during D2 or H2 absorption with micronized powders of Si, Pd and Pd-black. With D2 , after the palladium deuteride formed, the cell produced 8.3 ?4.5 kJ (or 2.6 ?1.4 kJ/g), which is somewhat larger than the systematic error of 4.0 kJ estimated from an H2 blank. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NohmiTbasicresea.pdf | |||||
| 3076 | Journal Article | Nomura, K., Akiba, E. | 1994 | Trial of nuclear fusion | Busshitsu Kogaku Gijutsu Kenkyusho Hokoku, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 439 (in Japanese) | Trial of nuclear fusion | D2, titanium Pd, LaNi5 Mg2Ni, neutron, Pd Ti | ||||||||
| 3077 | Journal Article | none | 1999 | 'New Physics' finds a haven at the patent office | Science, Vol = 284 | 'New Physics' finds a haven at the patent office | history, patent | ||||||||
| 3078 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C., Noninski, C. I. | 1991 | Determination of the excess energy obtained during the electrolysis of heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Determination of the excess energy obtained during the electrolysis of heavy water | heat+, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 3079 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C., Noninski, C. I. | 1991 | Comments on 'measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having palladium cathodes' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Comments on 'measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having palladium cathodes' | critique, Albagli, heat | ||||||||
| 3080 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C. | 1992 | Excess heat during the electrolysis of a light water solution of K2CO3 with a nickel cathode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Excess heat during the electrolysis of a light water solution of K2CO3 with a nickel cathode | heat+, Ni, H2O, critique Mills | ||||||||
| 3081 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C., Noninski, C. I. | 1993 | Notes on two papers claiming no evidence for the existence of excess energy during the electrolysis of 0.1M LiOD/D2O with palladium cathodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Notes on two papers claiming no evidence for the existence of excess energy during the electrolysis of 0.1M LiOD/D2O with palladium cathodes | critique, Lewis, Albagli, heat, MIT | A problem popularly known as 'cold fusion' was brought, although in an unusual way, to the attention of the scientific community. Although much discussion was (and is still) devoted to whether this effect is connected with any known nuclear reactions, the latter being widely questioned, there is no doubt that the general interest in the problem was provoked by the claim of the possibility of producing excess energy, i.e., energy surmounting the energy breakeven value. Unlike the clearly negative indications so far in terms of known nuclear processes taking place, however, careful analysis reveals that the claims in the principal negative papers published so far with respect to the existence of excess energy are in disagreement with the raw experimental data whenever such is presented in those papers. This is very surprising indeed in view of the wide publicity these negative results have been given. An example of an improper analysis of their own experimental data by the authors is Ref. 1, which we have already discussed. Other examples of inappropriate method and improper interpretation of their own experimental data are Refs. 3 and 4. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NoninskiVCnotesontwo.pdf | ||||||
| 3082 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C., Ciottone, J. L., White, P. J. | 1995 | Experiments on a possible gamma-ray emission caused by a chemical process | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 9 | Experiments on a possible gamma-ray emission caused by a chemical process | transmutation, gamma emission, chemical | ||||||||
| 3083 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C., Ciottone, J. L., White, P. J. | 1995 | Experiments on claimed beta-particle emission decay | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 9 | Experiments on claimed beta-particle emission decay | transmutation, critique, Lin | ||||||||
| 3084 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C., Ciottone, J. L., White, P. J. | 1996 | Experiments on claimed transmutation of elements caused by a chemical process | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 10 | Experiments on claimed transmutation of elements caused by a chemical process | transmutation, chemical | ||||||||
| 3085 | Journal Article | Noninski, V. C., Ciottone, J. L., White, P. J. | 1997 | On an experimental curiosity that if undetected may lead to erroneous far-reaching conclusions | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | On an experimental curiosity that if undetected may lead to erroneous far-reaching conclusions | critique, transmutation, chemical | ||||||||
| 3086 | Journal Article | Norberg, R. E. | 1952 | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Hydrogen Absorbed into Palladium Wire | Phys. Rev., Vol = 86 | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Hydrogen Absorbed into Palladium Wire | NMR, Pd, H | ||||||||
| 3087 | Journal Article | Norberg, R. E. | 1952 | Nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen absorbed into palladium wires | Phys. Rev., Vol = 86, Num = 5, Page = 745 | Nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen absorbed into palladium wires | Pd, H2, NMR | ||||||||
| 3088 | Journal Article | Nordemann, D. J. R. | 1989 | Cold fusion and geophysics: the current situation | Mineracao Metalurgia, Vol = 53 | Cold fusion and geophysics: the current situation | review, critique | ||||||||
| 3089 | Journal Article | Nordlander, P., Noerskov, J. K., Besenbacher, F., Myers, S. M. | 1989 | Multiple deuterium occupancy of vacancies in Pd and related metals | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40 | Multiple deuterium occupancy of vacancies in Pd and related metals | Pd, H, D, vacancy, theory, structure, PdD, distance | ||||||||
| 3090 | Conference Proceedings | Notoya, R., Enyo, M. | 1992 | Excess Heat Production in Electrolysis of Potassium Carbonate Solution with Nickel Electrodes | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 421 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Excess Heat Production in Electrolysis of Potassium Carbonate Solution with Nickel Electrodes | transmutation, K2CaO3, Ni, H2O heat electrolysis K, ICCF-3 | With the aim of realizing potassium proton cold fusion, the electrolysis of light water solution of potassium carbonate was carried out by means of porous nickel cathode. The cell was called by a constant rate airstream and maintained at 20? during all the electrolysis. Typical results indicated that the excess heat production rate was proportional to the input power in the range of measurements (up to 2 W) and the excess heat observed was 3 to 4 times greater than the input power, after correction for the thermo-neutral potential. After the electrolysis, the calcium ion concentration in the electrolyte was measured by flame photo spectrometry and the increase of calcium concentration in the electrolytes due to the electrolysis was found to be 3.2 to 4.4 ppm. These amounts are comparable to the amounts of excess heat calculated within the same order of magnitude. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=161 | ||
| 3091 | Conference Proceedings | Notoya, R. | 1993 | Alkali-Hydrogen Cold Fusion Accompanied by Tritium Production on Nickel | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 1 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Alkali-Hydrogen Cold Fusion Accompanied by Tritium Production on Nickel | Ni, H2O, tritium, overvoltage, ICCF-4 electrolysis | |||||
| 3092 | Journal Article | Notoya, R. | 1993 | Cold fusion by electrolysis in a light water-potassium carbonate solution with a nickel electrode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Cold fusion by electrolysis in a light water-potassium carbonate solution with a nickel electrode | Ni, H2O, transmutation, Ca, heat+ | ||||||||
| 3093 | Journal Article | Notoya, R. | 1993 | Current status of cold fusion research | Genshiryoku Kogyo, Vol = 39, Num = 9, Page = 34 (in Japanese) | Current status of cold fusion research | review | ||||||||
| 3094 | Journal Article | Notoya, R., Noya, Y., Ohnishi, T. | 1994 | Tritium generation and large excess heat evolution by electrolysis in light and heavy water-potassium carbonate solutions with nickel electrodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Tritium generation and large excess heat evolution by electrolysis in light and heavy water-potassium carbonate solutions with nickel electrodes | tritium, Ni, D2O, H2O, heat+, transmutation, Ca | ||||||||
| 3095 | Conference Proceedings | Notoya, R. | 1995 | Nuclear Products of Cold Fusion Caused by Electrolysis in Alkali Metallic Ions Solutions | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 531 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Nuclear Products of Cold Fusion Caused by Electrolysis in Alkali Metallic Ions Solutions | H2O, electrolysis, transmutation, Ni, heat, radioactivity, ICCF-5 | It was confirmed experimentally that some nuclei products of cold fusion were generated during electrolysis by use of cathodes of poorest nickel and platinum eyes platinum in light (usual) water solutions of all alkali metallic ions investigated. He also reported in the previous work that 4 ppm of calcium was detected in the electrolyte of potassium carbonate light water solution by flame photospectroscopy. The gamma ray measurement revealed the formation of 24Na during electrolysis in sodium carbonate solution. ICP mass spectra of an electrolyte of cesium sulfate solution showed several peaks of the various nuclear products in the region from 132 to 140 amu. In all electrolytes investigated, the distinct increments of tritium were measured by liquid scintillation spectroanalyzer. Simultaneously the excess heat was measured in the family open cell during electrolysis in these solutions of light or heavy water, which amounted to > 200% for the input power in potassium and cesium ion solutions. From these results we can conclude that the alkali intermetallic compounds formed as the intermediate of hydrogen evolution reaction cause many types of cold fusion with neutrons, protons, deuterium, tritium and alpha particles. Electrolysis of Cs2SO4 in H2O produced mass at 135(0.4), 136(0.3), 137(0.5), 138(4.7), 139(0.2), and 140(1.8). Na2CO3 produced gamma from 24Na. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=338 | ||
| 3096 | Journal Article | Notoya, R. | 1996 | Low Temperature Nuclear Change of Alkali Metallic Ions Caused by Electrolysis | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 39 | Low Temperature Nuclear Change of Alkali Metallic Ions Caused by Electrolysis | electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3097 | Journal Article | Notoya, R., Ohnishi, T., Noya, Y. | 1996 | Nuclear Reaction Caused by Electrolysis in Light and Heavy Water Solutions | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 40 | Nuclear Reaction Caused by Electrolysis in Light and Heavy Water Solutions | H2O, D2O, electrolysis, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3098 | Journal Article | Notoya, R. | 1996 | Cold fusion arising from hydrogen evolution reaction on active metals in alkali metallic ions' solutions | Environ. Res. Forum, Vol = 1-2 | Cold fusion arising from hydrogen evolution reaction on active metals in alkali metallic ions' solutions | tritium, transmutation, gamma emission, heat, nickel, Pd theory | ||||||||
| 3099 | Conference Proceedings | Notoya, R., Ohnishi, T., Noya, Y. | 1996 | Nuclear Reaction Caused by Electrolysis in Light and Heavy Water Solutions | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 675 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Nuclear Reaction Caused by Electrolysis in Light and Heavy Water Solutions | Nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat | A series of analysis of the products of some nuclear reactions caused by electrolysis was performed by a gamma-ray or liquid scintillation spectroscopy. The electrolysis was carried out by use of the so-called thermally open cell which was equipped with the cathode made of porous nickel or platinized platinum, in 0.1 ~ 0.5 mole/liter Li2C03, Na2C03, K2CO3 , Rb2SO4 and Cs2SO4 light and heavy water solutions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=276 | |||
| 3100 | Conference Proceedings | Notoya, R., Ohnishi, T., Noya, Y. | 1998 | Products of Nuclear Processes Caused by Electrolysis on Nickel and Platinum Electrodes in Solutions of Alkali-Metallic Ions | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 269 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Products of Nuclear Processes Caused by Electrolysis on Nickel and Platinum Electrodes in Solutions of Alkali-Metallic Ions | transmutation Pd, nickel, electrolysis, gamma emission ICCF-7 | During electrolysis in 0.5 M K2C03 solution of light water by use of nickel and platinum electrodes, the simultaneous observation of gamma spectra revealed the generation of following radio isotopes from platinum as one of the electrode material: 193-Os, 192-Ir, 191-Pt, 197-Pt, 195m-Pt, 199-Pt, 190-Au, 198-Au, 190-Ir, 199-Au and 190-Ir. Further more, two peaks of gamma-ray attributed to the natural decay of 43-K and the decrease of peak at 2225 keV due to thermal neutron capture of hydrogen were observed during electrolysis in this system as well as the peaks of gamma-ray attributed to the decay of 40K and some nuclear products from nickel, and that at 511 keV due to positron annihilation which had been observed by the authors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=269 | ||
| 3101 | Journal Article | Nowicka, E., Du???-, R. | 1997 | H2 dissociative adsorption on palladium hydride and titanium hydride surfaces: Evidence for weakly bound state of hydrogen adatoms | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | H2 dissociative adsorption on palladium hydride and titanium hydride surfaces: Evidence for weakly bound state of hydrogen adatoms | PdH, TiH, surface, absorption, H2 | ||||||||
| 3102 | Report | NREL | 2006 | Energy Overview from NREL | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | NREL | Energy Overview from NREL | Review | This document has no connection to cold fusion, but it is valuable public domain information, it is no longer in print, and it does not appear to be available elsewhere on the Internet. Pages 2 - 16 are from the U.S. DoE Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy (NREL), Hydrogen Program Plan--FY 1993--FY 1997, June 1992, Appendixes A and C. Page 17 shows a graph published by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 2001. The graph shows that most energy is lost as 'rejected energy' (waste heat), especially in Electricity generation (70% waste) and Transportation (80% waste). Better technology would greatly reduce this waste. Most generators convert only 33% of the heat from burning coal or gas into electricity; advanced generators convert 40%. Most automobiles convert only 15% of the heat from gasoline into useful vehicle propulsion; hybrid and electric automobiles convert 30% or more. This graph is based on the DoE Energy Information Administration Annual Energy Review. This review is an excellent, comprehensive source of online information. See: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/contents.html | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NRELenergyover.pdf | |||||
| 3103 | Conference Proceedings | Numata, H., Takagi, R., Ohno, I., Kawamura, K., Haruyama, S. | 1991 | Neutron Emission and Surface Observation During a Long-Term Evolution of Deuterium on Pd in 0.1 M LiOD | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 71 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Neutron Emission and Surface Observation During a Long-Term Evolution of Deuterium on Pd in 0.1 M LiOD | Pd, neutron, D2O, metallurgy, energy, overvoltage, ICCF-2, cracks, fractofusion | Long-term electrolysis for well annealed thick Pd rods (9.0 and 21.2 mm diameter) in 0.1 M LiOD have been performed to examine anomalous phenomena; neutron emission and heat bursts. The count rate of neutron (CRN) bunched for 3 h showed no significant increase at low current densities. High CRN appeared a few days later after the current increased to 102.4 mA/cm2 and the temperature was raised to 50?. In two experiments CRN and neutron energy spectrum of 2.45 MeV was reproduced. Metal a graphic observations showed two faults, blisters, cross slips and holes on Pd surface and a raw of defects in a recrystallized grain. Micro structural changes of Pd electrode during long-term electrolysis is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=86 | ||
| 3104 | Conference Proceedings | Numata, H., Ohno, I. | 1996 | In situ potentio, resisto and dilatomic measurement of repeated hydrogen absorption in Pd electrode by electrochemical cathodic loading method | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 213 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | In situ potentio, resisto and dilatomic measurement of repeated hydrogen absorption in Pd electrode by electrochemical cathodic loading method | loading, OCV, Pd, expansion, pressure, resistivity, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-6 | The physico-chemical properties of hydrogen in Pd have been studied by in situ potentio, resisto and dilatometric measurement. A set of potential, resistance ratio and increase of dilation . . . was recorded simultaneously after the establishment of an equilibrium of hydrogen with Pd lattice. The hydrogen electrode potential is converted to 'equivalent hydrogen pressure', which might signify gaseous pressure in a void or on a surface. The structural phase transition (alpha -> beta) occurred during the cathodic discharging of hydrogen and the characteristic values of this phase change are well consistent with those predicted from Pd-H diagram. Hydrogen infusion causes lattice expansion, which resulted in the dilation of Pd electrode. Repeated absorption and desorption cycle deteriorates the mechanical properties, where the hysteresis of RIRo vs. hydrogen pressure diagram was appeared depending on the mode of electrolysis(the extent of H/Pd ratio). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=228 | ||
| 3105 | Journal Article | Numata, H., Fukuhara, M. | 1997 | Low-temperature elastic anomalies and heat generation of deuterated palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Low-temperature elastic anomalies and heat generation of deuterated palladium | PdD, Young's moduli, Lame parameter, Poisson ratio, Debye temperature, heat, structure | ||||||||
| 3106 | Journal Article | Numata, H., Ohno, I. | 2000 | In Situ Potentiometric, Resistance, and Dilatometric Measurements of Palladium Electrodes During Repeated Electrochemical Hydrogen Absorption | Fusion Technol., Vol = 38 | In Situ Potentiometric, Resistance, and Dilatometric Measurements of Palladium Electrodes During Repeated Electrochemical Hydrogen Absorption | resistance, Pd, expansion, H2, PdH, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 3107 | Conference Proceedings | Numata, H., Ban, M. | 2005 | Magnetic Interaction Of Hypothetical Particles Moving Beneath The Electrode/Electrolyte Interface To Elucidate Evolution Mechanism Of Vortex Appeared On Pd Surface After Long-Term Evolution Of Deuterium In 0.1M LiOD | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Magnetic Interaction Of Hypothetical Particles Moving Beneath The Electrode/Electrolyte Interface To Elucidate Evolution Mechanism Of Vortex Appeared On Pd Surface After Long-Term Evolution Of Deuterium In 0.1M LiOD | theory | ||||||
| 3108 | Journal Article | Nygren, L. A., Leisure, R. G. | 1988 | Elastic Constants of a'-Phase PdHx Over the Temperature Range 4-300K | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 37 | Elastic Constants of a'-Phase PdHx Over the Temperature Range 4-300K | strength, elastic Constant, PDH | ||||||||
| 3109 | Journal Article | Nygren, L. A., Leisure, R. G. | 1989 | Hydrogen hopping rates and hydrogen-hydrogen interactions in PdHx | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 11 | Hydrogen hopping rates and hydrogen-hydrogen interactions in PdHx | Pd, H, interaction, diffusion | ||||||||
| 3110 | Journal Article | Oates, W. A., Flanagan, T. B. | 1971 | Formation of Nearly Stoichiometric Palladium-Hydrogen Systems | Nature Phys. Sci., Vol = 231 | Formation of Nearly Stoichiometric Palladium-Hydrogen Systems | Pd, H2, composition, loading, method H/Pd | ||||||||
| 3111 | Journal Article | Oates, W. A., Flanagan, T. B. | 1977 | Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen in Palladium and its Alloys under Conditions of Constant Volume | J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., Vol = 1, Num = 73, Page = 993 | Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen in Palladium and its Alloys under Conditions of Constant Volume | H2, Pd, PdH, thermodynamic, pressure | ||||||||
| 3112 | Conference Proceedings | Ochiai, K., Iida, T., Beppu, N., Maruta, K., Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A. | 1996 | Deuteron Fusion Experiments in Metal Foils Implanted with Deutron Beams | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 377 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Deuteron Fusion Experiments in Metal Foils Implanted with Deutron Beams | ion implantation, Pd, D2, particle emission, ICCF-6 | Deuteron beam implantation experiments have been carried out for the examination of the hypothesized new class of fusion reactions to explain the Fleischmann-Pons effect. Some additional techniques were introduced in the implantation experiments by considering the effects of temperature change, pulsed-current stimulation and molecular ion beam. Energetic charged particles from the Ti and Pd foils implanted with lOO-2S0keV deuteron beams were measured with Si-SSDs. In some of the experiments, unusual counts were observed in the energy region higher than the proton peClk of the well-known D-D reaction, and they might be related to the new class of fusion reactions with large Q-values. However statistics of the counts were too poor to identify the types of their original reactions. More detailed and longterm measurements are necessary for the explanation of the unusual counts in the high energy region. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=392 | ||
| 3113 | Conference Proceedings | Ochiai, K., Maruta, K., Miyamaru, H., Takahashi, A. | 1998 | Measurement of High-Energetic Particles from Titanium Sheets Implanted with Deuterium | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 274 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Measurement of High-Energetic Particles from Titanium Sheets Implanted with Deuterium | ion bombardment, D2, titanium, particle emission, tritium ICCF-7 | To look for the signature of coherent multibody fusion, we have carried out the experiments of D-beam implantation using a highly preloaded TiDx (x=1.4) target and a counter-telescope of Delta E&E charged-particle spectrometer. As a result of the experiments, helium-3 (4.75 MeV) and triton(4.75 MeV) from 3D-fusion proposed by new class of fusion theory in solid[I-3] were repeatedly observed. We identified the two unique charged particles as products of the reaction channel of 3D -> t + 3He + 9.5 MeV by the combinational analyses of one-dimensional and two-dimensional data. Experimentally obtained 3D fusion rate was in the order of 10^3 f/s that was surprisingly large value and was enhanced about 10^26 times, compared with the traditional theory of D-D reaction process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=274 | ||
| 3114 | Conference Proceedings | Ogawa, H., Yoshida, S., Yoshinaga, Y., Aida, M., Okamoto, M. | 1995 | Correlation of Excess Heat and Neutron Emission in Pd-Li-D Electrolysis | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 116 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Correlation of Excess Heat and Neutron Emission in Pd-Li-D Electrolysis | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, electrolysis, hardness, resistance, ICCF-5 | To investigate the dominant factors that allow a reproducible nuclear reaction in D-Pd systems, the initial electric resistance and the hardness of the Pd cathode have been examined for excess heat generation and the excess neutron emission in LiOD-Pd electrolysis cells. Two background (control) runs and one foreground run with the Pd cathode of high electric resistance and high hardness gave no nuclear effects, while one foreground run with low electric resistance and low hardness gave appreciable excess neutron emission and the excess heat generation. Reversed correlation was found between the two nuclear effects. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OgawaHcorrelatio.pdf | ||
| 3115 | Conference Proceedings | Ogawa, H., Oya, Y., Ono, T., Aida, M., Okamoto, M. | 1996 | Correlation of excess heat generation and neutron emission in Pd-LiOD electrolysis | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 448 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Correlation of excess heat generation and neutron emission in Pd-LiOD electrolysis | excess heat, neutrons | The correlation of the excess heat generation and the neutron emission in Pd-LiOD electrolysis has been investigated by use of a pair of experimental systems consisted of the same equipments in principle and operated coincidentally. Three pairs of electrolysis runs have been performed on the coincidental experiment systems, resulting clear time correlations between the excess heat generation and the excess neutron emissions. The reproducibility of the anomalous phenomena occurred in the present electrolysis could be accomplished completely in the series of experiments by a pretreatments of the Pd electrodes and the special purity control of the electrolyte used. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=47 | |||
| 3116 | Journal Article | Oguro, K. | 1990 | Hydrogen absorbing alloys and low-temperature nuclear fusion | Zairyo, Vol = 39, Num = 437, Page = 228 (in Japanese) | Hydrogen absorbing alloys and low-temperature nuclear fusion | review | ||||||||
| 3117 | Journal Article | Oh, H. K. | 1999 | Some observatins on the cavity of creation for cold fusion and the generation of heat | J. Mater. Proc. Technol., Vol = 94 | Some observatins on the cavity of creation for cold fusion and the generation of heat | Theory, pi rays | ||||||||
| 3118 | Journal Article | Ohashi, H., Morozumi, T. | 1989 | Decoding of thermal data in Fleischmann & Pons paper | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 7, Page = 729 | Decoding of thermal data in Fleischmann & Pons paper | critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 3119 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Sakamaki, K., Hashimoto, K., Fujishima, A. | 1991 | Ex situ observation of electrochemically hydrogenated palladium using a scanning tunneling microscope | Chem. Lett., Vol = 1991 | Ex situ observation of electrochemically hydrogenated palladium using a scanning tunneling microscope | loading, Pd, H2O, surface | ||||||||
| 3120 | Conference Proceedings | Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1992 | Excess Heat Production during Electrolysis of H2O on Ni, Au, Ag and Sn Electrodes in Alkaline Media | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 427 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Excess Heat Production during Electrolysis of H2O on Ni, Au, Ag and Sn Electrodes in Alkaline Media | Ni, Au, Ag, Sn, H2O, heat+, transmutation, KOH, calcium, Ni, H2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Excess heat evolution was measured on Ni, Au, Ag and Sn in aqueous K2CO3, Na2SO4 and Li2SO4 solutions under galvanostatic electrolysis conditions. Steady evolution of excess heat in various electrode/electrolyte solutions, but not in nickel, was observed for at least several days of observation. The largest excess heat observed was 907 mW on Sn in K2SO4. An increase in Ca was observed after an electrolyte of K2CO3 was used with a Ni cathode. The amount was within a factor of 10 required to account for the heat produced. Ca values resulted from subtracting two large numbers. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=167 | ||
| 3121 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1993 | Excess heat evolution during electrolysis of H2O with nickel, gold, silver, and tin cathodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Excess heat evolution during electrolysis of H2O with nickel, gold, silver, and tin cathodes | Ni, H2O, heat, transmutation, electrolysis, Sn replication, Miles | ||||||||
| 3122 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Iron Formation in Gold and Palladium Cathodes | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 15 | Iron Formation in Gold and Palladium Cathodes | electrolysis, transmutation, Fe, Au, Pd | Investigation of some reaction products possibly produced by electrolyzing with Au and Pd electrodes in Na2SO4, K2CO3, and KOH light water solutions was made. The electrolysis was performed for 7 days with a constant current of 1 A. After the electrolysis the elements accumulated in the electrode were analyzed by means of AES. In every case a notable amount of Fe atoms were detected together with a certain amount of excess energy evolution, being in the range of 9 x 10^15 to 1.8 x 10^16 atoms/cm^2 for Au and of 1.2 x 10^15 to 4.0 x 10^16 atoms/cm^2 for Pd. The isotopic abundance of these Fe atoms was measured by means of SIMS, which was 6.5, 77.5, and 14.5% for 54Fe, 56Fe and 57Fe, respectively, at the top surface of Au electrode, obviously different from the natural values. For Pd electrode, a considerable increase in the contents of 54Fe and 57Fe was observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OhmoriTironformat.pdf | ||||||
| 3123 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Isotopic distributions of heavy metal elements produced during the light water electrolysis on gold electrodes | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 90 | Isotopic distributions of heavy metal elements produced during the light water electrolysis on gold electrodes | transmutation, Au, H2O, layer, Au-Pt | ||||||||
| 3124 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Isotopic distributions of heavy metal elements produced during the light water electrlysis on gold electrodes | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 90 | Isotopic distributions of heavy metal elements produced during the light water electrlysis on gold electrodes | transmutation, Au, H2O, layer, Au-Pt | ||||||||
| 3125 | Conference Proceedings | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T., Enyo, M. | 1996 | Production of heavy metal elements and the anomalous surface structure of the electrode produced during the light water electrolysis on Au electrode | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 670 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Production of heavy metal elements and the anomalous surface structure of the electrode produced during the light water electrolysis on Au electrode | Transmutation | Some 100 mu g of fine black porous powders were deposited at the bottom of the electrolytic cell during the electrolysis on Au electrodes for 20-30 days at current densities above 200 mA/cm2 . The main constituting elements of the deposits were Hg, Pt, Os, Fe Si and F other than Au. The isotopic distributions of Hg, Fe and Si containing in the deposits were evidently different from their natural ones. In addition, a lot of micro craters which are allowed to imagine the occurrence of some micro explosion were created on Au electrode surface during the electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=271 | |||
| 3126 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T. | 1997 | Nuclear transmutation occurring in the electrolysis on several metal electrodes | Curr. Topics Electrochem., Vol = 5 | Nuclear transmutation occurring in the electrolysis on several metal electrodes | Review, H2O, electrolysis, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3127 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T., Minagawa, H., Enyo, M. | 1997 | Low temperature nuclear transmutation forming iron on/in gold electrode during light water electrolysis | J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 22 | Low temperature nuclear transmutation forming iron on/in gold electrode during light water electrolysis | transmutation, Au, H2O, electrolysis, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 3128 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Enyo, M., Mizuno, T., Nodasaka, Y., Minagawa, H. | 1997 | Transmutation in the electrolysis of lightwater - excess energy and iron production in a gold electrode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Transmutation in the electrolysis of lightwater - excess energy and iron production in a gold electrode This team used a gold cathode and light water containing the Mills-recipe potassium salts. The cell and materials were chosen so as to minimise initial Fe contamination. Days-long electrolyses at about 0.1 A/cm^2 were run, checking for excess heat. Up to 22% excess was found. Afterwards, the Au cathodes were examined under AES (Auger emmission), electron probe and SIMS, and some small blips that could be Fe were seen. A number of other elements were also found. The authors however discount contamination as the source of Fe; they checked for this and there was none at the levels found. Also, isotopic ratio arguments indicated transmutation origins. The newly formed isotopes may have been due to either fusion or fission. | transmutation, Au, H2O, heat+, surface analysis, electrolysis | The identification of some reaction products possibly produced during the generation of excess energy is attempted. Electrolysis is performed for 7 days with a constant current intensity of 1 A. The electrolytes used are Na2SO4, K2SO4, K2CO3, and KOH. After the electrolysis, the elements in the electrode near the surface are analyzed by Auger electron spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis. In every case, a notable amount of iron atoms in the range of 1.0 x 10^16 to 1.8 x 10^17 atom/cm2 (true area) are detected together with the generation of a certain amount of excess energy evolution. The isotopic abundance of iron atoms, which are 6.5, 77.5, and 14.5% for 54Fe, 56Fe, and 57Fe, respectively, and are obviously different from the natural isotopic abundance, are measured at the top surface of a gold electrode by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The content of 57Fe tends to increase up to 25% in the more inner layers of the electrode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OhmoriTtransmutat.pdf | ||||||
| 3129 | Conference Proceedings | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T. | 1998 | Strong Excess Energy Evolution, New Element Production, and Electromagnetic Wave and/or Neutron Emission in the Light Water Electrolysis with a Tungsten Cathode | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 279 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Strong Excess Energy Evolution, New Element Production, and Electromagnetic Wave and/or Neutron Emission in the Light Water Electrolysis with a Tungsten Cathode | transmutation, heat+, neutron, electrolysis, plasma discharge, H2O, ICCF-7 | Strong heat evolution enough to incandesce the electrode was observed by applying a high electric power, The excess energy amounts to 1 83 W which is 2.6 times the input power. At the same time strong electromagnetic wave and/or neutron emission reaching 60,000 counts/sec by a neutron counter was observed, During the electrolysis considerable amounts of new elements, ie, Pb, Fe, Ni, Cr and C were produced, The distributions of Fe, Cr and C on/in the electrode were overlapped. The isotopic distribution of Pb deviated greatly from the natural isotopic abundance. These results show that the nuclear transmutation reaction took place on/in the tungsten electrode during the electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=279 | ||
| 3130 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T. | 1998 | Excess energy evolution and transmutation | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 20, Page = 14 | Excess energy evolution and transmutation | transmutation plasma, H2O heat+ | ||||||||
| 3131 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T., Kurokawa, K., Enyo, M. | 1998 | Nuclear transmutation reaction occurring during the light water electrolysis on Pd electrode | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 6, Num = 1, Page = 35 | Nuclear transmutation reaction occurring during the light water electrolysis on Pd electrode | Pd, H2O, electrolysis, surface analysis, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3132 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T., Nodasaka, Y., Enyo, M. | 1998 | Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system | electrolysis, transmutation, Au, surface analysis, heat+ | ||||||||
| 3133 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T., Mizuno, T. | 1999 | Nuclear transmutation reaction caused by light water electrolysis on tungsten cathode under incandescent conditions | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 27, Page = 34 | Nuclear transmutation reaction caused by light water electrolysis on tungsten cathode under incandescent conditions | transmutation plasma discharge, H2O | ||||||||
| 3134 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T. | 1999 | Reply to 'Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system'' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 36 | Reply to 'Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system'' | critique, Lewis | ||||||||
| 3135 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T. | 2000 | Recent development in solid state nuclear transmutation occurring by the electrolysis | Curr. Topics Electrochem., Vol = 7 | Recent development in solid state nuclear transmutation occurring by the electrolysis | plasma, heat transmutation, electrolysis, W | ||||||||
| 3136 | Journal Article | Ohmori, T. | 2000 | Letter to the Editor: 'Reply to 'Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 38 | Letter to the Editor: 'Reply to 'Comments on 'Transmutation in a gold-light water electrolysis system' | critique, Lewis | ||||||||
| 3137 | Journal Article | Ohms, D., Rahner, D., Wiesener, K. | 1989 | Kernfusion in einer Elektrolysezelle?' ('Nuclear fusion in an electrolysis cell?') | Mitteilungsblatt - Chem. Ges. DDR, Vol = 36 | Kernfusion in einer Elektrolysezelle?' ('Nuclear fusion in an electrolysis cell?') | Review, electrolysis, Pd, heat, neutron, critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 3138 | Journal Article | Ohta, T. | 1989 | Is cold fusion possible? A proposal of the concept of 'surfusion | Hyomen Kagaku, Vol = 10, Num = 11, Page = 896 (in Japanese) | Is cold fusion possible? A proposal of the concept of 'surfusion | Review | ||||||||
| 3139 | Conference Proceedings | Ohta, M., Takahashi, A. | 2000 | Possible Mechanisms of Coherent Multibody Fusion | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 403 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Possible Mechanisms of Coherent Multibody Fusion | theory, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 3140 | Conference Proceedings | Ohta, M., Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Analysis on nuclear transmutation by MPIF/SCS method | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Analysis on nuclear transmutation by MPIF/SCS method 4034 | transmutation, theory, fission, uranium, gold, palladium, tungsten | |||||
| 3141 | Conference Proceedings | Ohta, M., Takahashi, A. | 2003 | Analysis Of Nuclear Transmutation Induced From Metal Plus Multibody-Fusion-Products, Reaction (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Analysis Of Nuclear Transmutation Induced From Metal Plus Multibody-Fusion-Products, Reaction (PowerPoint slides) | Theory, multibody | ICCF-10 PowerPoint presentation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OhtaManalysisof.pdf | |||
| 3142 | Conference Proceedings | Ohta, M., Takahashi, A. | 2003 | Analysis of Nuclear Transmutation Induced from Metal Plus Multibody-Fusion-Products Reaction | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Analysis of Nuclear Transmutation Induced from Metal Plus Multibody-Fusion-Products Reaction | Theory, multibody | Nuclear transmutation is analyzed by the selective channel scission model. The fission product yields for Pd plus a or 8Be reactions are calculated as secondary reactions of the multi-body fusion. And an anomalous isotopic ratio of Fe, which is reported by many researchers, is also analyzed and the analytical result shows good consistency with experimental results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OhtaManalysisofa.pdf | |||
| 3143 | Journal Article | Oka, Y., Koshizuka, S., Kondo, S. | 1989 | Electrochemically induced deuterium-tritium fusion power reactor - preliminary design of a reactor system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Electrochemically induced deuterium-tritium fusion power reactor - preliminary design of a reactor system | method, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3144 | Journal Article | Oka, Y., Koshizuka, S., Kondo, S. | 1989 | D2O-fueled fusion power reactor using electrochemically induced deuterium-deuterium D-Dn, D-Dp and deuterium-tritium reactions - preliminary design of a reactor system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | D2O-fueled fusion power reactor using electrochemically induced deuterium-deuterium D-Dn, D-Dp and deuterium-tritium reactions - preliminary design of a reactor system | heat, method | ||||||||
| 3145 | Journal Article | Okabe, S. | 1993 | Some new scientific fields related to exoelectron emission and fracto-emission | Poverkhnost | Some new scientific fields related to exoelectron emission and fracto-emission | fractofusion, fractoemission | ||||||||
| 3146 | Conference Proceedings | Okamoto, H., Nezu, S. | 1993 | Measurements of Hydrogen Loading Ratio of Pd Anodes Polarized in LiH-LiCl-KCl Molten Salt Systems | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 27 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Measurements of Hydrogen Loading Ratio of Pd Anodes Polarized in LiH-LiCl-KCl Molten Salt Systems | loading, Pd, Molten Salt, overvoltage, Fused Salt, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3147 | Conference Proceedings | Okamoto, M., Yoshinaga, Y., Aida, M., Kusunoki, T. | 1993 | Excess Heat Generation, Voltage Deviation, and Neutron Emission in D2O-LiOD Systems | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 3 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Excess Heat Generation, Voltage Deviation, and Neutron Emission in D2O-LiOD Systems | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron+, energy, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3148 | Conference Proceedings | Okamoto, M., Ogawa, H., Yoshinaga, Y., Kusunoki, T., Odawara, O. | 1993 | Behavior of Key Elements in Pd for the Solid State Nuclear Phenomena Occurred in Heavy Water Electrolysis | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 14 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Behavior of Key Elements in Pd for the Solid State Nuclear Phenomena Occurred in Heavy Water Electrolysis | surface analysis, Pd, SIMS, resistance, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-4, heat | |||||
| 3149 | Journal Article | Okamoto, M., Yoshinaga, Y., Aida, M., Kusunoki, T. | 1994 | Excess Heat Generation, Voltage Deviation, and Neutron Emission in D2O-LiOD Systems | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 176 | Excess Heat Generation, Voltage Deviation, and Neutron Emission in D2O-LiOD Systems | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron+, energy, electrolysis | To elucidate the mechanism of the excess heat generation (EHG), the correlation of the EHG with the nuclear effects, especially the excess neutron emission (ENE), and electrochemical effects, especially the cell voltage (CV) change, is discussed based on the data obtained in a series of electrolysis of heavy water or light water in D2 (H2)O-LiOD(H)-Pd systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OkamotoMexcessheata.pdf | ||||||
| 3150 | Conference Proceedings | Okamoto, H., Sano, T., Oyabe, Y., Terazawa, T., Ohi, T. | 1995 | Approach to Obtain Higher Deuterium Loading Ratios of Palladium Cathodes | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 419 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Approach to Obtain Higher Deuterium Loading Ratios of Palladium Cathodes | Pd, loading, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-5 | Deuterium loading ratios in the electrolytic palladium cathodes are measured by the electric resistance method. Many kinds of palladium rod are prepared and their loading ratios are determined during our standard electrolysis procedure. Some palladium cathodes are provided with additional treatments to change surface conditions. As the results, it is found that the deuterium loading ratio is very sensitive to palladium surface conditions. For example, when a palladium sample of which surface is modified by aqua regia, the loading ratio as high as D/Pd ~ 0.95 is obtained at 200 mA/cm^2 of electrolytic currents, which can hardly be achieved with an ordinary palladium cathode rod. 10 min Aqua Regia followed by 1000??? -24 h anneal was found to produce best results. Concludes that surface properties more important than bulk. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=224 | ||
| 3151 | Newspaper Article | Okoye, S. | 2005 | Cold Fusion, The Unlimited Energy Source: A Myth Or Reality? | NigeriaWorld | Cold Fusion, The Unlimited Energy Source: A Myth Or Reality? | Review http://nigeriaworld.com/articles/2005/mar/271.html | ||||||||
| 3152 | Journal Article | Okubo, K., Umeno, K. | 2017 | Physical Model of Energy Fluctuation Divergence | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Physical Model of Energy Fluctuation Divergence | Cauchy distribution, Chaos, Energy fluctuation divergence | In this paper, we propose a new classical model in which energy fluctuation diverges. In detail, for certain parameter ranges, kinetic energy diverges since the momentum obeys the Cauchy distribution. This phenomenon will be applied to the cold fusion since jumping over the potential wall is essential to cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=264 | ||||||
| 3153 | Journal Article | Okuyama, E. | 2017 | Mayor's Speech, ICCF20 Conference | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Mayor's Speech, ICCF20 Conference | Mayor's Speech, ICCF20 Conference | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=10 | |||||||
| 3154 | Conference Paper | Olafsson, S., Holmlid, L. | 2015 | Ultra-dense Hydrogen and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (PowerPoint slides) | AVS 62 | San Jose, California | Theory | 1. Fusion reactions short overview 2. Palladium Deuterium 3. Nickel - Hydrogen 4. The Ultra-dense hydrogen 5. Theoretical discussion 6. Summary | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OlafssonSultradense.pdf | ||||||
| 3155 | Journal Article | Olayo, M. G., Cruz, G. J., Balderas, L., Melendez, L., Chavez, A., Valencia, R., Chavez, E., Flores, A., Lopez, R. | 1998 | Absorption of deuterium in titanium plates induced by electric discharges | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 23 | Absorption of deuterium in titanium plates induced by electric discharges | D2, titanium, gas discharge, ion bombardment, neutron | ||||||||
| 3156 | Conference Proceedings | Oleari, L. | 2000 | On the Probability of Collisions of the Nuclei in H2 and D2 Molecules | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 437 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | On the Probability of Collisions of the Nuclei in H2 and D2 Molecules | theory, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 3157 | Journal Article | Olemskoj, A. I., Toropov, E. A. | 1990 | On the fluctuation theory of cold fusion | Ukr. Fiz. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), Vol = 35, Num = 11, Page = 1619 (in Russian) | On the fluctuation theory of cold fusion | theory, Anderson | ||||||||
| 3158 | Journal Article | Oliphant, M. L., Harteck, P., Rutherford | 1934 | Transmutation Effects Observed with Heavy Hydrogen | Nature (London), Vol = 133 | Transmutation Effects Observed with Heavy Hydrogen | fusion, history, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 3159 | Journal Article | Olofsson, G., Wadsoe, I., Eberson, L. | 1991 | Design and testing of a calorimeter for measurements on electrochemical reactions with gas evolution | J. Chem. Thermodyn., Vol = 23 | Design and testing of a calorimeter for measurements on electrochemical reactions with gas evolution | heat, method | ||||||||
| 3160 | Journal Article | Ono, H., Takahashi, S., Morisaki, H., Yazawa, K. | 1991 | Absorption and desorption of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium | Denki Tsushin Daigaku Kiyo, Vol = 4 | Absorption and desorption of hydrogen and deuterium into palladium | Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis, D2O, H2O, neutron, gas discharge, D2 | ||||||||
| 3161 | Journal Article | Oppenheimer, J. R., Phillips, M. | 1935 | Note on the Transmutation Function for Deuterons | Phys. Rev., Vol = 48 | Note on the Transmutation Function for Deuterons | D, fusion, theory | ||||||||
| 3162 | Journal Article | Oriani, R. A., Nelson, J. C., Lee, S. K., Broadhurst, J. H. | 1990 | Calorimetric measurements of excess power output during the cathodic charging of deuterium into palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Calorimetric measurements of excess power output during the cathodic charging of deuterium into palladium | heat+, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, tritium, neutron | A Seebeck-effect calorimeter was used to establish that generation of energy, in excess of the electrical energy input, can occur during the electrolysis of D2O. The magnitude of the excess power is measured with respect to the electrolysis of H2O as the baseline. The excess power levels of >60 W/cm^3 palladium and excess energies of 74 kJ cannot be un?erstood in terms of recombination of D2 and O2 within the calorimeter, other chemical reactions, or a storage-and-relaxation mechanism. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAcalorimetr.pdf | ||||||
| 3163 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A. | 1993 | The Physical and Metallurgical Aspects of Hydrogen in Metals | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 18 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | The Physical and Metallurgical Aspects of Hydrogen in Metals | H2, Phase Diagram, Lattice Parameter, dislocation, diffusion, review, Pd, ICCF-4 | To attempt to optimize the anomalous phenomena that today go under the label 'cold fusion' the experimentalist should be aware of the many aspects of the behavior of hydrogen in metals and of its entry into and egress from metals.? This paper discusses the equilibrium characteristics of the isotopes of hydrogen in metals.? The first section discusses the thermodynamics of the terminal solutions of metal-hydrogen systems including the enthalpies of solutions, H-H interactions, effect of third elements, distribution of isotopes between the phases, site occupation, and the molar volume of hydrogen in metallic solutions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAthephysica.pdf | |||
| 3164 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A. | 1993 | The Physical and Metallurgical Aspects of Hydrogen in Metals (translation into Chinese) | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 18 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | The Physical and Metallurgical Aspects of Hydrogen in Metals (translation into Chinese) | H2, Phase Diagram, Lattice Parameter, dislocation, diffusion, review, Pd, ICCF-4 | Translated by W.-S. Zhang. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAthephysicaa.pdf | |||
| 3165 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A. | 1994 | A Brief Survey of Useful Information About Hydrogen in Metals | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 125 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | A Brief Survey of Useful Information About Hydrogen in Metals | loading, H2 | Because cold fusion phenomena are notoriously erratic, and the parameters necessary to obtain reproducible and consistent results are poorly understood it is important to be aware of what is known about the state of hydrogen in metals and of the dynamics of its entry into and release from a metal.? This short paper cannot do more than indicate some of the important areas; the interested reader can obtain more information by reading the references (1-3). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAabriefsurv.pdf | ||
| 3166 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A. | 1996 | A confirmation of anomalous thermal power generation from a proton conducting oxide | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 557 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | A confirmation of anomalous thermal power generation from a proton conducting oxide | proton conductor, excess heat | The claims of Mizuno and collaborators, and the earlier claims of Biberian and Forrat, that excess thermal power can be developed by proton-conducting oxides held in deuterium gas at elevated temperatures are important because thermal power generated at high temperatures can be converted to other forms of power with greater Carnot efficiency than thermal power at lower temperatures. Therefore, a Seebeck calorimeter operating at 400? was constructed to attempt to verify these claims. This calorimeter, whose operation is independent of the spatial distribution of power sources and of the thermal conductivity of the gas, is described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=156 | ||
| 3167 | Journal Article | Oriani, R. A. | 1996 | An investigation of anomalous thermal power generation from a proton-conducting oxide | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | An investigation of anomalous thermal power generation from a proton-conducting oxide | heat+ proton conductor solid electrolyte, metal oxide replication | A high-temperature Seebeck effect calorimeter, in which the thermoelectric emf across a large-area enveloping thermopile is a measure of the heat flux from a power source, has been constructed to examine the claimed generation of excess thermal energy from a proton-conducting oxide immersed in deuterium gas. The claim has been confirmed in a few experiments out of many unsuccessful ones. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAaninvestig.pdf | ||||||
| 3168 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A. | 1998 | Anomalous Heavy Atomic Masses Produced by Electrolysis | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 292 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Anomalous Heavy Atomic Masses Produced by Electrolysis | transmutation, C, electrolysis, ICCF-7, carbon | In an effort to test the polyneutron theory of low-energy nuclear reactions, a technique was applied to four electrolysis cathodes which produces essentially only oxides that are stable at about 1030? and are volatile at room temperature. High resolution mass spectroscopy of the resulting gas at room temperature revealed 23 masses between 222 and 351 AMU that cannot be ascribed to known compounds. Analysis by the Poisson distribution function shows in particular that the masses found between 231 and 241 AMU cannot be ascribed to random signals. This group of masses corresponds to CO2 the carbon of which is the neutron-rich nuclide predicted by the poly neutron theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=292 | ||
| 3169 | Journal Article | Oriani, R. A. | 1998 | Anomalous heavy atomic masses produced by electrolysis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Anomalous heavy atomic masses produced by electrolysis | polyneutron, Fisher, C, Pd, electrolysis, transmutation | By applying to electrolysis cathodes a technique that produces essentially only oxides that are volatile at room temperature, spectroscopically determined masses between 222 and 351 are found that cannot be ascribed to known compounds.? In particular the masses found between 231 and 240 AMU cannot be ascribed to random signals but do correspond to CO2 the carbon of which is a neutron-rich nuclide as predicted by a recent theory of polyneutron nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAanomalousha.pdf | ||||||
| 3170 | Journal Article | Oriani, R. A., Fisher, J. C. | 2002 | Generation of Nuclear Tracks during Electrolysis | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 41 | October 2002 | Generation of Nuclear Tracks during Electrolysis | electrolysis, heavy water, lithium sulfate, palladium cathode, CR-39, charged particle, nuclear reaction | PLEASE NOTE! The printer made a major error in this paper. The version in our library is correct. The abstract begins: We show that energetic charged particles are produced during electrolysis of a D2O solution of Li2SO4 in a cell with a platinum anode and a palladium cathode. CR-39 plastic detectors, designed for recording alpha particles from radon decay, were immersed in the electrolyte during electrolysis. They recorded significantly larger numbers of energetic particle tracks than were recorded by control detectors not subject to electrolysis. Statistical analysis shows only a 3 * 10^-6 probability that the electrolysis tracks and the control tracks could have arisen from a common population. We conclude that there is a causal relationship between electrolysis and the production of energetic charged particles. Because track formation requires particle energies substantially greater than thermal or electrochemical energies it seems inescapable that a nuclear reaction was responsible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAgeneration.pdf | |||||
| 3171 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A., Fisher, J. C. | 2003 | Detection of Energetic Charged Particles During Electrolysis | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Detection of Energetic Charged Particles During Electrolysis | charged particle, CR-39 | By the use of Cr-39 particle track detectors immersed in the electrolyte, we confirm that a nuclear reaction of as-yet unknown nature can take place during electrolysis.? With Li2SO4 dissolved in D2O or H2O and either Pd or Ni as cathodes, a very large statistical difference in nuclear track generation is found between detector chips immersed during electrolysis and the control chips immersed in similar solutions not subjected to electrolysis.? The probability that the electrolysis tracks and the control tracks could have by chance arisen from a common population is 2.5 x 10^-5, 1.2 x 10^-6, and 5.8 x 10^-4 for the systems Pd/D2O, Pd/H2O, and Ni/D2O, respectively.? We conclude that there is a causal relationship between electrolysis and energetic charged particles and that neither Pd nor D2O is essential for the generation of a nuclear reaction.? Some implications for theoretical considerations are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAdetectiono.pdf | |||
| 3172 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A., Fisher, J. C. | 2003 | Energetic Charged Particles Produced in the Gas Phase by Electrolysis | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Energetic Charged Particles Produced in the Gas Phase by Electrolysis | charged particle, CR-39 | CR-39 plastic detector chips suspended in the vapor over the electrolytic solution during electrolysis record the tracks of highly energetic charged particles.? The probability that the track densities found in these detector chips and the generally smaller track densities found in controls belong to a common population is 3 x 10^-10 by the Mann-Whitney statistical test.? It is therefore concluded that a nuclear reaction that originates in the vapor phase can accompany electrolysis.? Occasionally huge numbers of nuclear tracks are recorded by detector chips in the vapor over active electrolysis cells. One such experiment is analyzed in which two contiguous detector chips recorded approximately 40,000 tracks.? Analysis of track orientations shows that the shower of charged particles originated in a compact source in the vapor between the chips at about 2 mm from one of the chips.? A new type of nuclear reaction is indicated.? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAenergeticc.pdf | |||
| 3173 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A., Fisher, J. C. | 2004 | Energetic particle shower in the vapor from electrolysis | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Energetic particle shower in the vapor from electrolysis | theory | Approximately 40,000 energetic charged particles were recorded in a pair of plastic detector chips suspended in the vapor over an active electrolysis cell. Particle track locations and orientations were revealed by examining the etch pits produced by chemical etching. Analysis of track orientations indicates that the shower originated in a compact source in the vapor between the chips. The total magnitude of the shower is estimated to have been 150,000 particles and its duration is estimated to have been a few seconds. A previously unknown type of nuclear reaction is indicated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAenergeticp.pdf | |||||
| 3174 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A., Fisher, J. C. | 2004 | Nuclear reactions produced in an operating electrolysis cell | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Nuclear reactions produced in an operating electrolysis cell | cr-39, particle emission | We report the results of experiments in which CR-39 plastic particle-detection chips were exposed in various environments within and surrounding operating electrolysis cells. Because CR-39 detectors record only particles with energies in excess of about 0.2 MeV the detected particles must have arisen in nuclear reactions. Evidence for such reactions was found in deuterium gas behind a palladium cathode that served as part of the cell enclosure, in air behind a similarly disposed nickel cathode, in air beyond the glass wall of the electrolysis cell, and in oxygen gas above the anode when anode and cathode were placed in separate arms of a U-tube cell. These results, augmented by earlier work indicating nuclear reactions within the electrolyte and in the hydrogen-oxygen gas over the electrolyte, cannot be understood in terms of conventional nuclear theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAnuclearrea.pdf | |||||
| 3175 | Conference Proceedings | Oriani, R. A. | 2008 | Reproducible Evidence For The Generation Of A Nuclear Reaction During Electrolysis | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Reproducible Evidence For The Generation Of A Nuclear Reaction During Electrolysis | Sonofusion | Past work in this laboratory has shown that nuclear particles generated during electrolysis can be registered by CR39 plastic detectors held within the electrolyte solution, suspended in the vapor above the solution, or placed just below the metal cathode that serves as the bottom of the electrolyte compartment of the electrolysis cell. However, not every electrolysis experiment produced nuclear particles so that total reproducibility was not achieved. Therefore another experimental technique has been developed which has shown the generation of nuclear particles in each of twenty five consecutive electrolysis experiments using heavy or light water solutions of lithium salts. The damage trails caused by the nuclear particles are made visible by etching in hot concentrated caustic solution, and the electrolysis experiments are accompanied by suitable blank, or control, experiments. The damage trails begin either at the surface of the CR39 chip that faces toward the electrolyte, at the opposite surface, or totally within the 0.83 mm thickness of the plastic detectors. It is demonstrated that the nuclear damage trails could not have been caused by ordinary radionuclides contaminating anything involved in the experimental procedure. The described phenomena pose a formidable challenge to nuclear theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OrianiRAreproducib.pdf | |||||
| 3176 | Journal Article | Oriani, R. A. | 2012 | Nuclear Particles Generated by Electrolysis -- a Review | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Nuclear Particles Generated by Electrolysis -- a Review | CR39 detectors, Damage trails, Electrolysis, Etch pits, Nuclear particles, Nuclear reactions | CR39 plastic detectors for nuclear particles are employed to demonstrate that a nuclear reaction can accompany electrolysis, an electrochemical process. Detectors placed within or above the electrolyte display statistically greater numbers of nuclear pits than do detectors used as controls. Placing the cathodes in contact with Mylar-covered detectors is the basis for a technique that reproducibly generates evidence for a nuclear reaction during electrolysis. Nuclear pits are produced in plastic detectors exposed to the oxygen evolved at the anode, as well as to the hydrogen evolved at the cathode. Nuclear damage trails are found that are initiated within the 0.83mm thickness of the plastic detectors. These phenomena clearly show that a nuclear reaction of as yet unknown nature can be generated during electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=117 | ||||||
| 3177 | Journal Article | Orondo, P., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2014 | Basic Physics Model for PdH Thermodynamics | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 149-164 Basic Physics Model for PdH Thermodynamics | Density functional calculation, Phase diagram, Quantum espresso, Thermodynamics | We made use of the very powerful modern density functional code Quantum Espresso for an ab initio calculation of the thermodynamics of PdH. There is an energy offset of about 100 meV in the calculation as compared to experiment. We developed an empirical correction to the theoretical energies which allowed us to fit the experimental results for excess enthalpy and excess entropy with some success. We also explored a new model that posits a weak binding between absorbed hydrogen atoms in PdH, and is able to provide a better fit to the experimental results. The model provides a simple physical explanation of observed phase diagram, and also of the observed dependence of the thermodynamic variables (excess enthalpy and excess entropy) on loading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=159 | ||||||
| 3178 | Journal Article | Osman, F., Hora, H., Li, X. Z., Miley, G. H., Kelly, J. | 2005 | Supporting the Josephson Interpretation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Stabilization of Nuclear Waste | Am. J. Applied Sci. 2, Vol = 6 | Supporting the Josephson Interpretation of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and Stabilization of Nuclear Waste | theory | Brian Josephson appealed at the meeting of the Nobel Laureates July 2004 against the ignorance of physicist to the phenomenon of cold fusion. Though there are good reasons against many publications to this topic but not to all what was reported. It seems to be indicated to summarize the following serious, reproducible and confirmed observations on reactions of protons or deuterons incorporated in host metals such as palladium, nickel and other metals. We underline the confusing discovery by Cockroft and Oliphant with the anomalously low energy for nuclear reactions which was hundred times lower than in the usual cases when smashing nuclei against their Coulomb potential. A similar unexpected result was that of Otto Hahn??-the chemist!-discovery of fission that had changed the world. A significant result for cold fusion was seen in gaseous atmosphere or discharges between palladium targets, rather significant and fully reproducible, e.g. from the 'life after death' heat production of such high values per host atom that only nuclear reactions can be involved. This supports the earlier evaluation of neutron generation in fully reversible experiments with gas discharges hinting that a reasonable screening effect-preferably in the swimming electron layer-may lead to reactions at nuclear distances d of picometers with reaction probability times U of about megaseconds similar to the K-shell capture radioactivity. Further electrolytic experiments led to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) where the involvement of pollution could be excluded from the generation of very seldom rare earth elements. A basically new theory for DD cross sections is used to confirm the picometer-megasecond reactions of cold fusion. Other theoretical aspects are given from measured heavy element distributions similar to the standard abundance distribution, SAD, in the Universe with consequences on endothermic heavy nuclei generation, magic numbers and to quarkgluon plasmas. One application may be the elimination of long lived nuclear waste by transmutation into stable nuclei. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OsmanFsupporting.pdf | ||||||
| 3179 | Journal Article | Osterwalder, J., Schlapbach, L. | 1985 | Unoccupied Electronic States in Cerium Hydrides | Physica B, Vol = 130 | Unoccupied Electronic States in Cerium Hydrides | CeH, bonding, density Of States | ||||||||
| 3180 | Conference Proceedings | Ota, K., Kuratsuka, M., Ando, K., Iida, Y., Yoshitake, H., Kamiya, N. | 1992 | Heat Production at the Heavy Water Electrolysis Using Mechanically Treated Cathode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 71 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Heat Production at the Heavy Water Electrolysis Using Mechanically Treated Cathode | Pd, D2O, heat+, Pd-Ag, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | The heat balances of the heavy water electrolysis by Pd were measured in the closed cell. The excess heat with burst was observed three times out of 13 runs when mechanically treated Pd cathodes were used in 1 M LiOD solution. One of these was for Pd-Ag alloy (90:10) which began at 1,155 h after the start of the electrolysis, lasting for 240 h. The average output power was 105% of the input during that time. The integrated excess heat was calculated to be 185 MJ per cubic centimeter of palladium. In this case the maximum excess power was recorded for this Pd. Heat was produced in a closed cell using mechanically treated 0.9Pd-0.1Ag alloy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=81 | ||
| 3181 | Conference Proceedings | Ota, K., Yoshitake, H., Yamazaki, O., Kuratsuka, M., Yamaki, K., Ando, K., Iida, Y., Kamiya, N. | 1993 | Heat Measurement of Water Electrolysis Using Pd Cathode and the Electrochemistry | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 5 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Heat Measurement of Water Electrolysis Using Pd Cathode and the Electrochemistry | Pd, D2O, Pd-Ag, heat+, surface analysis, electrolysis, Li, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3182 | Journal Article | Ota, K., Yoshitake, H., Kamiya, N. | 1993 | Present status of cold fusion | Hyomen Kagaku, Vol = 14, Num = 9, Page = 570 (in Japanese) | Present status of cold fusion | review | ||||||||
| 3183 | Conference Proceedings | Ota, K., Yamaki, K., Tanabe, S., Yoshitake, H., Kamiya, N. | 1995 | Effect of Boron for the Heat Production at the Heavy Water Electrolysis using Palladium Cathodes | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 132 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Effect of Boron for the Heat Production at the Heavy Water Electrolysis using Palladium Cathodes | Pd, D2O, electrolysis, heat+, boron, ICCF-5 | The heat balance during the electrolysis of 1M LiOD heavy water solution using Pd cathode has been measured using the flow calorimeter with the constant power supply and the thermochemically closed cell. The special attention was paid on the concentration of B in the palladium cathode. The B concentration was controlled from 127 to 1000 ppm. Using Pd that contained 127ppm and 1000ppm B, the excess heat was not observed. While, using Pd that contained 267ppm and 500ppm B, the small excess heat was observed at 3 runs out of 5 runs. The excess heat appeared continuously from the beginning of the electrolysis. These concentration of B might be effective for the excess heat generation. Closed, flow calorimeter made of plastic used. Samples of Pd wire containing various amounts (127-1000 ppm wt) of B studied. No correlation could be found. Excess power averaged about 3.5% when it occurred. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=149 | ||
| 3184 | Conference Proceedings | Ota, K., Kobayashi, T., Kabumoto, H., Yamaki, K., Motohira, N., Kamiya, N. | 1996 | Heat measurement during the electrolysis using modified palladium cathode | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 535 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Heat measurement during the electrolysis using modified palladium cathode | excess heat | The heat balances during the electrolysis using 2 types of Pd cathodes (B controlled Pd and Ni coated Pd) in 1M LiOD heavy water solution have been measured using the flow calorimeter system. The excess heat was observed at 6 runs out of 14 experiments for B controlled specimen. Among them, the heat burst was observed at 2 runs. For Ni coated specimen the small excess was observed at 4 runs out of 9 experiments. Further study is necessary to improve the reproducibility and to confirm the phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=134 | |||
| 3185 | Journal Article | Ota, K., Kobayashi, T. | 1997 | Cold fusion and calorimetry | Netsu Sokutei, Vol = 24, Num = 3, Page = 138 (Japan., Engl. abstr.) | Cold fusion and calorimetry | Review, heat | ||||||||
| 3186 | Conference Proceedings | Ota, K., Kobayashi, T., Motohira, N., Kamiya, N. | 1998 | Heat Measurement During the Heavy Water Electrolysis using Pd Cathode | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 297 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Heat Measurement During the Heavy Water Electrolysis using Pd Cathode | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-7 | The heat balance during the electroly sis using Pd cathodes in 1 M LiOD heavy water solution has been measured using the flow calorimeter system. We used two sy stems; one is the high accurate system where the experimental error was reduced to +/- 1 .5%, the other is the high heat recovery system. Using these systems, we did 79 experiments since 1989. Among them we detected the heat burst 3 times and the steady state excess heat several times using different kinds ofPd cathode. However, most of the steady excess is very small and the excess was not obtained with reproducibility. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=297 | ||
| 3187 | Journal Article | Ota, K., Kobayashi, T., Motohira, N., Kamiya, N. | 1998 | Effect of boron for the heat production during the heavy water electrolysis using palladium cathode | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 6, Num = 1, Page = 26 | Effect of boron for the heat production during the heavy water electrolysis using palladium cathode | Pd, electrolysis, heat+, boron | ||||||||
| 3188 | Conference Proceedings | Ota, K., Okabe, T., Kudoh, H., Fujii, M., Motohira, N., Kamiya, N. | 2000 | Some Experimental Results on Heat Measurement During Water Electrolysis | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 63 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Some Experimental Results on Heat Measurement During Water Electrolysis | nickel, Pd, titanium, D2O, electrolysis, heat ICCF-8 | ||||
| 3189 | Magazine Article | Ouellette, J. | 2012 | Genie in a Bottle: The Case Against Cold Fusion | Scientific American | Genie in a Bottle: The Case Against Cold Fusion | review | ||||||||
| 3190 | Conference Proceedings | Oya, Y., Ogawa, H., Ono, T., Aida, M., Okamoto, M. | 1996 | Hydrogen Isotope Effect Induced by Neutron Irradiation in Pd-LiOD(H) Electrolysis | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 370 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Hydrogen Isotope Effect Induced by Neutron Irradiation in Pd-LiOD(H) Electrolysis | neutron Pd, heat, electrolysis gamma emission, energy, electrolysis neutron irradiation, D2O, H2O ICCF-6 | The effects of the incident of the neutrons to the hydrogen condenced matter systems, have been investigated by the irradiation of neutrons from 252Cf into the Pd-LiOD(H) electrolysis cells. The thermal neutron irradiation test and the epithermal neutron irradiation test have been carried out for the background runs with light water electrolysis and the foreground runs with heavy water electrolysis. The anomalous hydrogen isotope effects in the neutron ratios were found slightly in the thermal neutron irradiation and evidently in the epithermal neutron irradiation runs. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=385 | ||
| 3191 | Conference Proceedings | Oya, Y., Ogawa, H., Aruga, O., Ono, T., Aida, M., Okamoto, M. | 1996 | Dynamic movement of hydrogen isotopes in pulse mode electrolysis | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 443 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Dynamic movement of hydrogen isotopes in pulse mode electrolysis | electrolysis, pulsed current | The movement of the hydrogen isotopes in Pd-LiOD(H) electrolysis has been studied by monitoring the hydrogen loading ratios based on the electro-resistance measurement. The movement of the hydrogen isotopes in Pd was found to be influenced strongly by the conditions of the electrolysis, such as the current density, the repetition time. The dynamic absorptionldesorption movement can be realized by the pulse mode electrolysis with the current density higher than 200mA/cm2 and the repetition time longer than 3 hours. In these dynamic movement of the hydrogen isotopes, anomalous isotope effects have been observed and discussed with respect to the new hydrogen energy research. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=43 | |||
| 3192 | Conference Proceedings | Oya, Y., Aida, M., Iinuma, K., Okamoto, M. | 1998 | The Role of Alkaline Ions in Dynamic Movement of Hydrogen Isotopes in Pd | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 302 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The Role of Alkaline Ions in Dynamic Movement of Hydrogen Isotopes in Pd | loading, Pd, D2O, Li, surface analysis, electrolysis, D/Pd, ICCF-7 | Electrolysis in Pd-LiOD(H), NaOD(H) and KOD(H) systems was carried out to clarify the specific role of the lithium for tremendously high density and the dynamic movement of the deuterium on the surface of the Pd cathode. Only for LiOD system with pulse mode current electrolysis, anomalous high density of deuterium and lithium and the dynamic movement of deuterium are observed on the surface of the Pd cathode. A clear difference in absorption, desorption and depth profiles between LiOD(H) and NaOD(H) or KOD(H) system with the pulse mode current electrolysis is identified. This difference is at?ributed to the lithium accumulation structure on the Pd surface; only the pulse mode current electrolysis of Pd-LiOD system brings about the anomalous phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OyaYtheroleofa.pdf | ||
| 3193 | Conference Proceedings | Oya, Y., Ogawa, H., Aida, M., Iinuma, K., Okamoto, M. | 1998 | Material Conditions to Replicate the Generation of Excess Energy and the Emission of Excess Neutrons | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 285 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Material Conditions to Replicate the Generation of Excess Energy and the Emission of Excess Neutrons | heat+, neutron, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, loading, surface analysis, D/Pd, ICCF-7 | The key parameters for occurrence of the anomalous phenomena, especially excess heat generation and emission of excess neutrons, have been investigated through a series of electrolytic experiments in Pd-LiOD(H) systems. Seven key parameters are identified. In the present work, a series of systematic experiments has been carried out with some param?ters fixed. By controlling the key parameters completely, the anomalous phenomena with appreciable correlation between the excess heat generation and the excess neutron emission can be replicated successfully. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OyaYmaterialco.pdf | ||
| 3194 | Journal Article | Oyama, Y. | 1990 | Very low level flux neutron measurement with an NE213 liquid scintillator | Hoshasen, Vol = 16 | Very low level flux neutron measurement with an NE213 liquid scintillator | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 3195 | Journal Article | Oyama, N., Yamamoto, N., Hatozaki, O., Ohsaka, T. | 1990 | Probing absorption of deuterium into palladium cathodes during D2O electrolysis with an in situ electrochemical microbalance technique | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, Vol = 29, Num = 5, Page = L818 | Probing absorption of deuterium into palladium cathodes during D2O electrolysis with an in situ electrochemical microbalance technique | Pd, loading, x-ray, structure | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: The in situ observation of the absorption of deuterium (or hydrogen) into the Pd cathode during D2O (or H2O) electrolysis was made by an electrochemical microbalance technique which is based on the quartz-crystal electrode. The resonant frequency of the Pd-coated quartz-crystal electrode decreased with increasing amount of charge passed during electrolysis, and the frequency change for the D2O electrolysis was about twice that for the H2O electrolysis. The atom ratios of H/Pd and D/Pd of the H-Pd and D-Pd compounds resulting from the electrolysis were estimated to be 0.59 and 0.57, respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/OyamaNprobingabs.pdf | ||||||
| 3196 | Journal Article | Oyama, N., Ohsaka, T., Hatozaki, O., Kurasawa, Y., Yamamoto, N., Kasahara, S., Ohta, N., Imai, Y., Oyama, Y., Nakamura, T., Shibata, T., Imamura, M., Uwamino, Y., Shibata, S. | 1990 | Electrochemical calorimetry of D2O electrolysis using a palladium cathode - an undivided, open cell system | Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, Vol = 63 | Electrochemical calorimetry of D2O electrolysis using a palladium cathode - an undivided, open cell system | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, heat | ||||||||
| 3197 | Journal Article | Oyama, N., Hatozaki, O. | 1991 | Present and future of cold fusion - nuclear fusion induced by electrochemical reaction | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 60 | Present and future of cold fusion - nuclear fusion induced by electrochemical reaction | review | ||||||||
| 3198 | Conference Proceedings | Oyama, N., Terashima, T., Kasahara, S., Hatozaki, O., Ohsaka, T., Tatsuma, T. | 1992 | Electrochemical Calorimetry of D2O Electrolysis Using a Palladium Cathode in a Closed Cell System | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 67 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Electrochemical Calorimetry of D2O Electrolysis Using a Palladium Cathode in a Closed Cell System | Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, overvoltage, Li, Al, ICCF-3 | Electrolysis of D2O containing LiOD using palladium cathode was studied with a closed type calorimeter. The electric power input was kept constant, and all D2 and O2 generated and liberated to a gas phase were recombined on a catalyst, palladium black supported on a platinum wire. When the electric power of 0.2 W was employed, excess heat generation (2.4%) was observed once out of 5 experiments. No significant generation of excess heat was observed for LiOH/H2O electrolysis. In the case where the electric power of 0.3 W was employed, excess heat was observed (2.7%) for more than one month in the presence of 200 ppm aluminum. Depositon of aluminum onto the palladium surface was examined by means of in situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. A closed calorimeter was used and gave a small amount of excess heat. The effect of Li and Al on loading and overvoltage studied. Little data given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=77 | ||
| 3199 | Conference Proceedings | Oyama, N., Yamamoto, N., Tatsuma, T. | 1992 | In-Situ Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Studies of Water Electrolysis at a Palladium Cathode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 577 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | In-Situ Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Studies of Water Electrolysis at a Palladium Cathode | Pd, Li, D2O, electrolysis, loading, ICCF-3 | The in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) technique has been applied to study electrolysis of water containing 0.2 M LiClO4 at Pd cathode. Decrease in resonant frequency was observed during the electrolysis. The decrease was attributed to the mass change involving hydrogen absorption into the palladium and lithium underpotential deposition, the mechanical stress change in the electrode, and the change in roughness of the electrode surface. The stress change, which may be caused by hydrogen uptake, was estimated using palladium film-coated AT- and BT-cut quartz crystal oscillators. The surface roughness change was observed by scanning electron microscopy and a number of cracks and holes were found. Underpotential deposition of lithium was observed in propylene carbonate containing 0.1 M LiClO4 and 16 mg L^-1 water. Contributions of respective factors to the total frequency change was estimated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=314 | ||
| 3200 | Conference Proceedings | Oyama, N., Ozaki, M., Tsukiyama, S., Hatozaki, O., Kunimatsu, K. | 1996 | In situ interferometric microscopy of Pd electrode surfaces and calorimetry during electrolysis of D2O solution containing sulfur ion | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 234 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | In situ interferometric microscopy of Pd electrode surfaces and calorimetry during electrolysis of D2O solution containing sulfur ion | Pd, heat+, electrolysis, S, D2O, surface analysis, ICCF-6 | Highly sensitive calorimetry was carried out to assess excess heat production in the presence of sulfur ion (S^ 2-) in electrolyte solutions. Electrolysis of a D20 solution containing IOmM S^2- produced 'burst-like' excess heat up to 14% over 12 hours after 6 days' electrolysis. The production of excess heat was absent from a control experiment using LiOH/H2O in the place of LiOD/D2O. It seemed that the magnitude and reproducibility of the excess heat production were improved by the addition of S^2- to the electrolyte solutions. In this study, in situ observations of topographic changes at electrode surfaces during the electrolysis were also conducted using phase measurement interferometric microscopy (PMIM). The absorption of hydrogen into a Pd cathode was clearly seen to bring about surface roughening even at a very low hydrogen content of less than H/Pd=0.005. Original surface topography was readily restored by desorbing hydrogen from the Pd electrode by using it as the anode. The absorption and desorption of deuterium similarly induced the reversible surface topography change. The extent of the surface roughening due to the hydrogen absorption varied with electrode materials and crystal facets of Pd single crystals. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=249 | ||
| 3201 | Journal Article | Ozdemir, P. | 1996 | The Energy Release Mechanism of Newley-Formed Alpha Bosons in a Quantum Crystal Lattice | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 45 | The Energy Release Mechanism of Newley-Formed Alpha Bosons in a Quantum Crystal Lattice | theory heat | ||||||||
| 3202 | Journal Article | Packham, N. J. C., Wolf, K. L., Wass, J. C., Kainthla, R. C., Bockris, J. | 1989 | Production of tritium from D2O electrolysis at a palladium cathode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 270 | Production of tritium from D2O electrolysis at a palladium cathode | Pd, electrolysis, tritium, D2O | INTRODUCTION In the present communication, we report data that may be relevant to the phenomenon of room temperature fusion. It is the contention of the authors that the alleged phenomenon is better characterized by the production of nuclear particles than by the measurement of bursts of heat. Here, we describe the observation of tritium produced in eleven D2O electrolysis cells at levels 10^2-10^5 times above that expected from the normal isotopic enrichment of electrolysis. Particular attention has been paid to possible sources of contamination. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PackhamNJCproduction.pdf | ||||||
| 3203 | Conference Proceedings | Page, W. S. | 1995 | Two-dimensional Proton Conductors | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 373 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Two-dimensional Proton Conductors | theory, ICCF-5 | An enormous literature has developed on the subject of the abnormal mobility of protons in aqueous solutions. Eigen and De Maeyer in 1958 [1] may have been among the first to observe that ' The proton transport in hydrogen-bonded media is completely different from normal ionic migration and corresponds more to electronic transport processes in semi-conductors . Phenomenologically, the ice crystal may be considered as a 'protonic semi-conductor' with an intrinsic (thermal) distribution of the charge carriers (protons) between a 'valence' band (H-bonded H20) and a 'conduction' band (excess protons fluctuating in H-bonds). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=176 | ||
| 3204 | Conference Proceedings | Page, C. | 2019 | Context & Thoughts on LANR/LENR | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Context & Thoughts on LANR/LENR | Organization Founded by Barbara and Carl Page Ocean Conservation for Resilience. Dispel Roadblocks to Long Term Success ? Enable Good Long Term Corporate Decision Making. ? Inspire Public to Take Action in Self Defense on Climate, Energy, Health. Cheap Clean Energy Research and Development. ? Small companies. ? University research groups. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PageCcontexttho.pdf | ||||||
| 3205 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2016 | Arguments for the Anomalous Solutions of the Dirac Equations | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 18 | 50 Arguments for the Anomalous Solutions of the Dirac Equations | Deep electron levels, Dirac equation, LENR, Relativistic quantum physics, Singular solutions | In this paper, we look into the difficult question of electron deep levels in the hydrogen atom. An introduction shows some general considerations on these orbits as ?nomalous? (and usually rejected) solutions of relativistic quantum equations. The first part of our study is devoted to a discussion of the arguments against the deep orbits and for them, as exemplified in published solutions. We examine each of the principal negative arguments found in the literature and show how it is possible to resolve the questions raised. In fact, most of the problems are related to the singularity of the Coulomb potential when considering the nucleus as a point charge, and so they can be easily resolved when considering a more realistic potential with finite value inside the nucleus. In the second part, we consider specific works on deep orbits as solutions of the relativistic Schr?inger and of the Dirac equations, named Dirac Deep Levels (DDLs). The latter presents the most complete solution and development for spin1 /2 particles, and includes an infinite family of DDL solutions. We examine particularities of these DDL solutions and more generally of the anomalous solutions. We next analyze the methods for, and the properties of, the solutions that include a corrected potential inside the nucleus, and we examine the questions raised by this new element. Finally, we indicate, in the conclusion, open questions such as the physical meaning of the relation between quantum numbers determining the deep levels and the fact that the angular momentum seems two orders-of-magnitude lower than the values associated with the Planck constant. As a prerequisite to a deep comprehension of the resolution methods, we recall in the appendices some essential elements of the Dirac theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedq.pdf#page=55 | ||||||
| 3206 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2016 | Basis for Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 230 Basis for Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | Deep electron levels, LENR, Relativistic Schr?inger and Dirac equations, Relativistic quantum physics, Singular | In this paper, we look into the difficult question of electron deep levels (EDLs) in the hydrogen atom. Acceptance of these levels and, in particular, experimental evidence of their existence would have major implications for the basis for cold fusion and would open up new fields of femto-physics and -chemistry. An introduction shows some general considerations on these orbits as ?nomalous? (and usually rejected) solutions of relativistic quantum equations. The first part of our study is devoted to a discussion of the arguments against the deep orbits and for them, as exemplified in published solutions. We examine each of the principal negative arguments found in the literature and show how it is possible to resolve the questions raised. In fact, most of the problems are related to the singularity of the Coulomb potential when considering the nucleus as a point charge, and so they can be easily resolved when considering a more realistic potential with finite value inside the nucleus. In a second part, we consider specific works on deep orbits, named Dirac Deep Levels (DDLs), as solutions of the relativistic Schr?inger and of the Dirac equations. The latter presents the most complete solution and development for spin 1/2 particles, and includes an infinite family of DDL solutions. We examine particularities of these DDL solutions and more generally of the anomalous solutions. Next, we analyze the methods for, and the properties of, the solutions that include a corrected potential inside the nucleus, and we examine the questions raised by this new element. Finally, we indicate, in the conclusion, open questions such as the physical meaning of the relation between quantum numbers determining the deep levels and the fact that the angular momentum seems two orders-of-magnitude lower than the values associated with the Planck constant. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=238 | ||||||
| 3207 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2016 | Relativity and Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | Relativity and Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | Deep electron levels, LENR, Relativistic quantum physics, Singular solutions | This work continues our previous works on electron deep orbits of the hydrogen atom. An introduction shows the importance of the deep orbits of hydrogen (H or D) for research in the LENR domain, and gives some general considerations on the Electron Deep Orbits (EDOs). In a first part we quickly recall the known criticism against the EDO and how we face it. In particular, a solution to fix all problems is to consider a modified Coulomb potential with finite value inside the nucleus. For this reason, we deeply analyzed the specific work of Maly and Va??ra on deep orbits as solutions of the Dirac equation, with such a modified Coulomb potential without singular point. Then, by using a more complete ansatz, we made numerous computations on the wavefunctions of these EDOs, allowing to confirm the approximate size of the mean radii ?r? of orbits and to find further properties. Moreover, we observed that the essential element for obtaining deep orbits solutions is special relativity. At a first glance, this fact results from an obvious algebraic property of the expression of energy levels obtained by the relativistic equations. Now, a comparative analysis of the relativistic and of the non-relativistic Schr?inger equation allows us to affirm that Special Relativity leads to the existence of EDOs because of the non-linear form of the relativistic expression for the total energy, which implies a relativistic non-linear correction to the Coulomb potential. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=45 | ||||||
| 3208 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2017 | Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 23 | Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | Deep electron levels, LENR, Relativistic quantum physics, Singular solutions | This work continues our previous works, on electron deep orbits of the hydrogen atom. An introduction shows the importance of the deep orbits of hydrogen (H or D) for research in the LENR domain, and gives some general considerations on the Electron Deep Orbits (EDO) and on other works about deep orbits. A first part recalls the known criticism against the EDO and how we face it. At this occasion we highlight the difference of resolution of these problems between the relativistic Schr?inger equation and the Dirac equation, which leads for this latter, to consider a modified Coulomb potential with finite value inside the nucleus. In the second part, we consider the specific work of Maly and Va??ra on deep orbits as solutions of the Dirac equation, the so-called Deep Dirac Levels (DDLs). As a result of some criticism about the matching conditions at the boundary, we verified their computation, but by using a more complete ansatz for the ??nside? solution. We can confirm the approximate size of the mean radii ?r? of DDL orbits and that ?r? decreases when the Dirac angular quantum number k increases. This latter finding is a self-consistent result since (as distinct from the atomic-electron orbitals) the binding energy of the DDL electron increases (in absolute value) with k. We observe that the essential element for obtaining deep orbits solutions is special relativity. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedv.pdf#page=67 | ||||||
| 3209 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2017 | Advance on Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Advance on Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | Deep electron levels, LENR, Magnetic interactions, Relativistic quantum physics, Singular solutions | In the previous works, we discussed arguments for and against the deep orbits, as exemplified in published solutions. So we considered the works of Maly and Va??ra on the topic, the most complete solution available and one showing an infinite family of EDO solutions. In particular, we deeply analyzed their second of these papers, where they consider a finite nucleus and look for solutions with a Coulomb potential modified inside the nucleus. In the present paper, we quickly recall our analysis, verification, and extension of their results. Moreover, we answer to a recent criticism that the EDOs would represent negative energy states and therefore would not qualify as an answer to the questions posed by Cold Fusion results. We can prove, by means of a simple algebraic argument based on the solution process, that, while at the transition region, the energy of the EDOs are positive. Next, we deepen the essential role of Special Relativity as source of the EDOs, which we discussed in previous papers. But the central topic of our present study is an initial analysis of the magnetic interactions near the nucleus, with the aim of solving important physical questions: do the EDOs satisfy the Heisenberg Uncertainty relation (HUR)? Are the orbits stable? So, we examine some works related to the Vigier??arut Model, with potentials including magnetic coupling. We also carried out approximate computations to evaluate the strength of these interactions and the possibilities of their answering some of our questions. As a first result, we can expect the HUR to be respected by EDOs, due to the high energies of the magnetic interactions near the nucleus. Present computations for stability do not yet give a plain result; we need further studies and tools based on QED to face the complexity of the near-nuclear region. For the creation of EDOs, we outline a possibility based on magnetic coupling. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=270 | ||||||
| 3210 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2018 | Deepening Questions about Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | Deepening Questions about Electron Deep Orbits of the Hydrogen Atom | Confinement, Deep electron levels, Heisenberg uncertainty relation, Highly relativistic electrons, LENR, Magnetic interaction, Relativistic quantum physics | In previous works, we analyzed and countered arguments against the deep orbits, as discussed in published solutions. Moreover, we revealed the essential role of Special Relativity as source of electron deep orbits (EDOs). We also showed, from a well-known analytic method of solution of the Dirac equation, that the obtained EDOs have a positive energy. When including the magnetic interactions near the nucleus, we observed a breakthrough in how to satisfy the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation (HUR) for electrons confined near the nucleus, in a radial zone of only a few fm. Here we chose a different method, by directly facing the HUR for such confined electrons, from which we deduce the coefficient ? of these highly relativistic electrons. Then we show the effective Coulomb potential due to a relativistic correction, can maintain the electrons in containment. Next we resume and deepen our study of the effects of EM interactions near the nucleus. We first obtain computation results: though approximate, we can effectively expect high-energy resonances near the nucleus. These results should be confirmed by using QFT-based methods. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=59 | ||||||
| 3211 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2019 | On Highly Relativistic Deep Electrons | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | On Highly Relativistic Deep Electrons | Confinement, Deep electron levels, Heisenberg uncertainty relation, Highly relativistic bound electrons, LENR | We address a number of questions relating to the progress of our study on the relativistic-electron deep orbits (EDOs): (1) How to combine different EM potentials having two possible versions (attractive and repulsive), while rejecting unrealistic energies? (2) What about the angular momentum of the deep electrons? How is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation satisfied in these EDOs? (3) From where is extracted the high kinetic energy (of order 100 MeV) of the deep-orbit electrons? (4) What is the behavior of the effective potential Veff as a function of distance to the nucleus? (5) What is the order of magnitude of the radiative corrections for the EDO??? (6) What is the relation between EDO solutions of the Dirac equation and the high energy resonances (with high binding energies) corresponding to a semi-classical local minimum of energy? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=481 | ||||||
| 3212 | Journal Article | Paillet, J-L., Meulenberg, A. | 2020 | Highly Relativistic Deep Electrons and the Dirac Equation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Highly Relativistic Deep Electrons and the Dirac Equation | Deep electron levels, Dirac equation, Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, LENR, Relativistic effects | After analyzing, in the literature, deep orbit results of relativistic quantum equations, we studied them in a semi-classical way, by looking for a local minimum of total energy of an electron near the nucleus, while respecting the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation (HUR). Now, while using new information thanks to semi-classical computations, we come back to deep electrons as solutions of the Dirac equation, to solve several important and subtle outstanding issues, such as the continuity of derivatives of wave functions, a spectral problem about the energy levels associated with the wave functions to compute, as well as essential relativistic and energy parameters of the solutions. We thus obtain a better completeness of the solutions. Finally, we give some approaches on the probability of the presence of Electron Deep Orbit (EDO) states in H atom. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=284 | ||||||
| 3213 | Journal Article | Palamalai, A., Ahmed, A., Sampath, M., Chinnusamy, A., Prasad, G. N., Krishna Rao, K. S., Sreedharan, O. M., Raman, V. R., Balasubramanian, G. R. | 1990 | Preliminary experimental studies on electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium | Trans. SAEST, Vol = 25 | Preliminary experimental studies on electrochemically induced fusion of deuterium | electrolysis, titanium, Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 3214 | Journal Article | Paleschi, V., Harith, M. A., Salvetti, G., Singh, D. P., Vaselli, M. | 1990 | A plasma model of the process of cold nuclear fusion in metals | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 148 | A plasma model of the process of cold nuclear fusion in metals | theory | ||||||||
| 3215 | Journal Article | Palibroda, E., Gluck, P. | 1991 | Cold nuclear fusion in thin foils of palladium | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 154 | Cold nuclear fusion in thin foils of palladium | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 3216 | Journal Article | Paneth, F., Peters, K. | 1926 | On the transmutation of hydrogen to helium | Naturwiss., Vol = 43 | On the transmutation of hydrogen to helium | helium, H2, Pd | ||||||||
| 3217 | Journal Article | Paneth, F., Peters, K. | 1926 | On the transmutation of hydrogen into helium | Ber., Vol = 59 | On the transmutation of hydrogen into helium | helium H2, Pd, history | ||||||||
| 3218 | Journal Article | Paneth, F., Peters, K., Guenther, P. | 1927 | On the transmutation of hydrogen into helium | Ber., Vol = 60 | On the transmutation of hydrogen into helium | critique, retraction, history | ||||||||
| 3219 | Journal Article | Paneth, F. | 1927 | The transmutation of hydrogen into helium | Nature (London), Vol = 119 | The transmutation of hydrogen into helium | critique, retraction, history | ||||||||
| 3220 | Journal Article | Paolo, P. | 1989 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Cold fusion: what's going on? | theory | ||||||||
| 3221 | Conference Proceedings | Pappas, P. T. | 1998 | The Electrically Induced Nuclear Fusion in a living Cell | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 460 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The Electrically Induced Nuclear Fusion in a living Cell | theory, biology, transmutation, ICCF-7 | Biology in order to explain the trans-membrane potential of the cell -TMP adopts an unproven hypothesis of a procedure in which sodium Na is exchanged with potassium P inside and out of the cell. This assumed exchange in Biology is called the sodium-potassium pump. The SPP leads to elementary contradictions, known in the literature. However, the SPP is the best choice hypothesis based on the exclusion, assumed impossible, of cold n uclear fusion of sodium to potassium in the biological cell level. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=460 | ||
| 3222 | Journal Article | Para, A. F., Ducati, U., Sangiust, V., Cavallotti, P. L., Bortignon, P. F. | 1990 | Neutron Monitoring and Related Measurements During Electrolysis of Heavy Water with Palladium and Titanium Cathodes: Activity Report | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Neutron Monitoring and Related Measurements During Electrolysis of Heavy Water with Palladium and Titanium Cathodes: Activity Report | Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, Mass Spectrometry | ||||||||
| 3223 | Journal Article | Parish, T. A., Perry, R. T., Wilson, W. B. | 1990 | Neutron sources and spectra from cold fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 479 | Neutron sources and spectra from cold fusion | neutron, method spectra, gamma emission, theory | ||||||||
| 3224 | Journal Article | Park, R. L. | 1989 | The Cold Fusion Story Has Been an Object Lesson on Why Science Flourishes Only in the Open | The Chronicle of Higher Education | The Cold Fusion Story Has Been an Object Lesson on Why Science Flourishes Only in the Open | history, critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 3225 | Journal Article | Park, Y. W., Yoon, C. O., Yoon, M. Y., Kim, J. C. | 1989 | The observation of 2.2 MeV gamma-rays in an electrochemical cell | Sae Mulli, Vol = 29 | The observation of 2.2 MeV gamma-rays in an electrochemical cell | electrolysis Pd, Titanium, neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 3226 | Newspaper Article | Park, R. L. | 1991 | 'TOO HOT TO HANDLE; The Race for Cold Fusion' by Frank Close | Washington Post | Princeton University Press. 376 pp. $24.95 END NOTES | BOOK WORLD The Fizzle in the Fusion | Critique | At a news conference in Salt Lake City on the morning of March 23, 1989, the University of Utah announced that two chemists, Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons, had corralled the source of the sun's energy in a test tube of heavy water. For 5 billion years, the sun has warmed the Earth with energy derived from the fusion of hydrogen atoms to form helium. Fortunately, even in the fierce caldron of the sun, fusion is a slow process that will continue unabated for billions of years. Small wonder that humankind had thus far failed to harness fusion on Earth. | ||||||
| 3227 | Journal Article | Park, A. E. | 1993 | Some thoughts on a simple mechanism for the 2H + 2H --> 4He cold fusion reaction | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Some thoughts on a simple mechanism for the 2H + 2H --> 4He cold fusion reaction | theory, He | ||||||||
| 3228 | Book | Park, R. L. | 2000 | Voodoo Science | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Oxford University Press | New York, NY | Voodoo Science | history | ||||||
| 3229 | Journal Article | Park, S., Gordon, F. | 2014 | Cold Fusion ? from the Laboratory to the World Setting the Stage for ICCF-17 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 1-5 Cold Fusion ? from the Laboratory to the World Setting the Stage for ICCF-17 | Cold Fusion, ICCF-17 | The objective of ICCF-17 is to allow international groups of scientists to present their data to further the collective understanding of scientists working in the field and so that skeptical members of the mainstream scientific community, the media, and the public will see the evidence that ?old Fusion? is real. Indeed several groups are currently developing commercial products that produce energy using the ?old Fusion? phenomena. Ultimately, the reality of cold fusion will be determined by the public acceptance of commercial devices. People and companies who continue to deny the existence of cold fusion will become irrelevant as the applications are placed into service. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=11 | ||||||
| 3230 | Journal Article | Parkhomov, A., Belousova, E. | 2016 | Research into Heat Generators Similar to High-temperature Rossi Reactor | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 244 Research into Heat Generators Similar to High-temperature Rossi Reactor | Element composition, High temperature, Hydrogen, Isotope composition, Nickel powder, Nuclear radiation, Power consumption, Power production, Reactor | Devices similar to a high-temperature Rossi reactor were made. Excess heat at the temperature of about 1100 deg C and higher was demonstrated. No nuclear radiation above the background level was observed during the excess heat production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=252 | ||||||
| 3231 | Journal Article | Parmenter, R. H., Lamb, W. E. | 1989 | Cold fusion in metals | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., Vol = 86 | Cold fusion in metals | theory, jellium | ||||||||
| 3232 | Journal Article | Parmenter, R. H., Lamb, W. E. | 1990 | Cold fusion in palladium: a more realistic calculation | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., Vol = 87 | Cold fusion in palladium: a more realistic calculation | theory, Thomas-Fermi-Mott | ||||||||
| 3233 | Journal Article | Parmenter, R. H., Lamb, W. E. | 1990 | More cold fusion in metals: corrected calculations and other considerations | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., Vol = 87 | More cold fusion in metals: corrected calculations and other considerations | theory | ||||||||
| 3234 | Journal Article | Parmenter, R. H. | 1998 | A possible scenario for the onset of cold fusion in deuterated metals | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 21, Page = 41 | A possible scenario for the onset of cold fusion in deuterated metals | Theory tunneling screening, resonance | It is suggested that a pair of deuterons in a deuterated metal may resonant-tunnel through the Coulomb barrier separating them and form a helium isomer characterized by L = 1, S = 1 and odd parity. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ParmenterRapossibles.pdf | ||||||
| 3235 | Journal Article | Parmenter, R. H. | 2002 | Enhancement of Cold Fusion Processes in Palladium by Catalytic Agents | Infinite Energy, Vol = 8, Num = 43, Page = 66 | Enhancement of Cold Fusion Processes in Palladium by Catalytic Agents | theory | The process of fusion of a pair of deuterons into an α parti?le in palladium metal can be enhanced by the presence of free protons. The process of fusion of lithium 6 and a deuteron into a pair of α particles can be enhanced by the presence of free neutrons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ParmenterRenhancemen.pdf | ||||||
| 3236 | Journal Article | Parmigiani, F., Sona, P. G. | 1989 | Theoretical considerations on the cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, Vol = 11, Num = 6, Page = 913 | Theoretical considerations on the cold nuclear fusion in condensed matter | theory, heavy electron | ||||||||
| 3237 | Journal Article | Paseka, I., Vondrak, J. | 1990 | Cold nuclear fusion | Chem. Listy, Vol = 84 | Cold nuclear fusion | review | ||||||||
| 3238 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 1994 | Overview and Status of the EPRI Program on Deuterated Metals | ASME Joint International Power Generation Conference, Vol = 94-JPGC-NE-13 | Phoenix, AZ | Oct. 2-6, 1994 | Overview and Status of the EPRI Program on Deuterated Metals | Pd, D2O, heat, D/Pd | ||||||
| 3239 | Report | Passell, T. O. | 1995 | Radiation data reported by Wolf at Texas A&M as transmitted by T. Passell | ASME Joint International Power Generation Conference, Vol = 94-JPGC-NE-13 | EPRI | June 1995 | Radiation data reported by Wolf at Texas A&M as transmitted by T. Passell | neutron, gamma emission | Three cells were electrolyzed in series at constant low current 42 days near a neutron detector of low background (40 counts/hr) using a protocol of adding boron and aluminum at 0.001 molar to the 0.1 molar LiOD electrolyte at ~18th day. Cathodes were loaded with deuterium at a few 10?? of milliamps/cm^2, with a 12-hour cryogenic treatment at day 17. Cathodes were sanded and replaced in the cell every 7 days. On the ~21st & 22nd days two successive fast neutron episodes were observed at about 2 times background. The neutron detector is minimally sensitive to gamma rays but gammas were observed near the end of the 20-hour neutron episode. When the cells were dismantled in late Sept 1992, all three cathodes (6 mm diameter x 60 mm long) were observed to be mildly radioactive. Analysis by germanium gamma detectors revealed presence of 100 billion atoms of Ag, Pd, Rh, and (one) Ru isotopes having ratios unlike those from bombardment by high-energy deuteron or proton beams. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PassellTOradiationd.pdf | ||||
| 3240 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 1995 | Charting the Way Forward in the EPRI Research Program on Deuterated Metals | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 603 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Charting the Way Forward in the EPRI Research Program on Deuterated Metals | review, EPRI, Wolf, gamma emission, radioactivity, D2O, Pd ICCF-5, effect of H2O | Over six years have elapsed since the first announcement by Fleischmann, Pons and Hawkins ( l ) of the observation of excess heat from palladium heavily loaded with deuterium. The EPRI program began in April, 1 989, and has continued to the present time attempting to replicate the claimed excess heat and determine its source. Under conditions difficult to achieve, some 16 separate experiments have successfully reached that goal out of some 35 major attempts. The conditions found necessary for an observation of excess heat were found to be at least three in number: 1) atomic loading ratio (DlPd) > -0.9; 2) Initiation time of 8 to 23 days; 3) current density >0. 1 amperes per cm^2 of cathode area. A fourth condition suggested by the results of a recent experiment is that the FLUX of deuterium across the palladium metal surface must be above some threshold value. No definitive source for the excess heat has been yet robustly determined, but measurable helium-4 has been observed in the cell vapor space in a few cases. The major evidence that the heat may be from nuclear reactions is its magnitude - some 10 to 100 times larger than any known chemical reaction. The objective of the continuing effort is focussed upon identifying the source of the excess heat. Sonic cavitation at a Pd-D2O interface has apparently produced both He-4 in the vapor phase as well as apparent excess heat. This research has identified a huge matrix of possible experiments to confirm or refute various hypotheses on the source of the heat. To acquire sufficient resources to explore this matrix requires, in my opinion, a definitive signature of a nuclear reaction connected with the production of heat. Then and only then, with the promise of a potential energy source of almost unlimited size, will the necessary research funds be forthcoming. Brief review of SRI work. Shows the gamma spectra obtained by K. Wolf. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=410 | ||
| 3241 | Journal Article | Passell, T. O. | 1995 | Overview of EPRI Program in Deuterated Metals | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 9 | Overview of EPRI Program in Deuterated Metals | review, EPRI | ||||||||
| 3242 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 1996 | Search for nuclear reaction products in heat-producing palladium | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 282 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Search for nuclear reaction products in heat-producing palladium | Pd, boron, theory, ICCF-6 | Almost eight years have elapsed since the first announcement by Fleisclunann, Pons and Hawkins (1) of the observation of excess heat from palladium heavily loaded with deuterium. The EPRI program began in April, 1989, and has successfully confinned the presence of the claimed excess heat but has yet to determine its source. Measurable helium-4 has been observed in the cell vapor space in a few cases, but so far , not in a definitive manner. The major evidence that the heat may be from nuclear reactions is its magnitude - some 10 to 100 times larger than any known chemical reaction. The objective of the continuing effort is to identify the source of the excess heat. This paper focusses upon comparing measurements on cathodes that successfully produced excess heat with the same measurements on virgin material from the same batch of palladium. Initial measurements on one cathode that produced 0.56 megajoules of excess heat and its virgin counterpart are reported here. The analytical method chosen is a non destructive one known as prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) using thennal n~utrons in beams from research reactors. Since almost every isotope captures neutrons with the emission of several gamma rays unique to that isotope, any isotopic ratio changes from the heat production process will be converted to a change in the relative ratios of gamma ray intensities. Such ratios can be measured to an accuracy in the range around 1 % using high resolution gennanium detection systems. Thus any changes due to the production or loss of any isotope present can be detected and related to the excess heat produced. One such measurement using PGAA appears to show an -18% reduction in the ratio of boron-l 0 to palladium-l05 in the active cathode relative to the ratio in virgin material. Conventional explanations of this result such as selective chemical leaching of boron by the electrolyte are currently being tested. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=297 | ||
| 3243 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 1998 | Search for Nuclear Reaction Products in Heat-Producing Pd | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 309 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Search for Nuclear Reaction Products in Heat-Producing Pd | transmutation, Pd, electrolysis, boron. ICCF-7 | This paper compares measurements on cathodes that successfully produced excess heat with the same measurements on virgin material from the same batch of palladium. The analytical method used is known as prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) using a thermal neutron beam from a research reactor. Most isotopes capture neutrons with the emission of several unique gamma rays, so any isotopic ratio changes from heat production could change the ratios of gamma rays. Such ratios have been measured to an accuracy around 1% using germanium detectors. One such ratio is that of boron-10 to palladium-105. Boron is present in most Pd as an impurity up to several hundred PPM by weight. Significant depletion of the B-10 isotope has been observed in a number of cathodes relative to that in the virgin material. Conventional explanations of this result such as natural variation within a given batch are not yet resolved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=309 | ||
| 3244 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O., George, R. | 2000 | Trace Elements Added to Palladium by Exposure to Gaseous Deuterium | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 129 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Trace Elements Added to Palladium by Exposure to Gaseous Deuterium | Pd, transmutation, D2O, D2, ICCF-8 | This is an experimental program to investigate possible trace element changes brought about in palladium (Pd) after extensive electrolysis in heavy water electrolytes as well as long time contact of particulate Pd with gaseous deuterium. Of particular interest are cathodes and particulate Pd which had experienced episodes of excess heat production beyond all electrical and other inputs. This paper details the careful analysis by neutron activation analysis (NAA) of a set of three samples of finely powdered Pd exposed to high deuterium pressures (hundreds of atmospheres) near room temperature at the core of hollow cylindrical Pd cathodes. A fourth sample of unused Pd powder from the same batch used in the cathodes was analyzed as a control. The most prominent change observed in the three active samples versus the virgin Pd was the Zn-64 content. The active samples showed an increase in the Zn-64 isotope of 6 to 14 times that in the virgin Pd. Speculation regarding the source of this increased zinc varies from contamination during electron beam welding (used to seal off the hollow core) to nuclear reactions generated by high pressure deuterium gas on the large surface area Pd particles in the core. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PassellTOtraceeleme.pdf | ||
| 3245 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 2002 | Evidence for Lithium-6 Depletion in Pd Exposed to Gaseous Deuterium and Hydrogen | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Evidence for Lithium-6 Depletion in Pd Exposed to Gaseous Deuterium and Hydrogen 4051 | transmutation | |||||
| 3246 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 2003 | Pd-110/Pd108 Ratios and Trace Element Changes in Particulate Palladium Exposed to Deuterium Gas | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Pd-110/Pd108 Ratios and Trace Element Changes in Particulate Palladium Exposed to Deuterium Gas | transmutation | Changes in Pd-110/Pd-108 ratios as well as the concentration of silver, gold, zinc, cobalt, iridium and lithium-7/6 ratios have been measured using neutron activation analysis (NAA) and Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) on a set of four samples of particulate palladium exposed to high-pressure deuterium gas in the hollow core of Arata-Zhang cathodes.? Three samples were from cathodes producing excess heat (10?? of megajoules) over a period of? several-months electrolysis, while the fourth was virgin powder from the same batch as that of the active samples.? If a nuclear process is the source of these changes, then multi-isotope elements such as silver, zinc, and iridium should show significant deviations in their isotopic ratios from the natural terrestrial values.? Surface trace lithium did indeed show such differences from that of the virgin material. ?The Ag-109/107 ratio is currently under study by accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS) for the one sample showing the greatest difference in Ag-109 content from that of the virgin material.? Since these variations may have explanations unrelated to nuclear reactions, these results are not yet definitive.? The 8% increase in the Pd-110/108 ratio for one of the four samples relative to the virgin material is one of the most difficult for which to find a conventional explanation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PassellTOpdpdratios.pdf | |||
| 3247 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 2003 | Pd-110/Pd108 Ratios and Trace Element Changes in Particulate Palladium Exposed to Deuterium Gas (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Pd-110/Pd108 Ratios and Trace Element Changes in Particulate Palladium Exposed to Deuterium Gas (PowerPoint slides) | transmutation | PowerPoint slides for this paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PassellTOpdpdratiosa.pdf | |||
| 3248 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O., Benson, T. | 2005 | Glow Discharge Calorimetry (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Glow Discharge Calorimetry (PowerPoint slides) | glow discharge, calorimetry, heat | ||||||
| 3249 | Conference Proceedings | Passell, T. O. | 2008 | ICCF-14 Summary | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | ICCF-14 Summary | review | |||||||
| 3250 | Journal Article | Passell, T. O. | 2015 | The Case for Deuteron Stripping with Metal Nuclei as the Source of the Fleischmann?ons Excess Heat Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 288 The Case for Deuteron Stripping with Metal Nuclei as the Source of the Fleischmann?ons Excess Heat Effect | Deuterium, Energy, Metals, Nuclear, Oppenheimer?hillips | Evidence is cited from the research literature on metals containing absorbed deuterium supporting the hypothesis that the excess heat episodes observed over the past 25 years are the result of exothermic deuteron stripping reactions with atomic nuclei of the absorbing metal. The deuteron stripping reaction is one in which the neutron half of the mass 2 deuteron is captured by an atomic nucleus while the proton half of the deuteron is ejected, repelled by the coulomb field of the positively charged metal nucleus. This hypothesis provides a plausible explanation why so little external radiation accompanies the episodes of excess heat first observed by Fleischmann and Pons [1]. The reaction products from stable isotopes of the host metal are a proton with energies up to 9.2 MeV energy and a recoiling nucleus with energies of 100??o 600 keV. These two reaction products are retained near their birthplace because their range in solids is less than 100 m. The emitted proton is energetic enough to produce by (p,n), (p, ), (p,T), and (p,X-ray), reactions with host metal nuclei and their light-element impurities, the small number of neutrons, alpha particles, tritium atoms (T), and X-rays, occasionally observed associated with deuterated Ti and Pd. The PIXE process (proton induced X-ray emission) is expected in which numerous K, L, and M X-rays of the absorbing metal are produced. For metals with thicknesses of >1 mm the vast majority of such X-rays do not escape the metal. In experiments with foils of the host metal sufficiently thin, low levels of charged particles (mostly protons) have been observed. Some of the observed protons were at energies larger than 3.0 MeV, the largest possible energy of protons from the fusion of two deuterons. Widely observed He4 and tritium are known products of the deuteron stripping reaction with Li6, which is a major constituent of electrolytes and a minor impurity in most metals. In any case, researchers have observed small but definite indicators of nuclear reactions other than d+d fusion in deuterated metals at temperatures not significantly above ambient. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=295 | ||||||
| 3251 | Patent | Patterson, J. A. | 1994 | Method for Electrolysis of Water to Form Metal Hydride | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | US Patent # 5,318,675 | Tertiary Method for Electrolysis of Water to Form Metal Hydride Method for Electrolysis of Water to Form Metal Hydride | heat+, water, electrolysis, beads CETI patent | |||||||
| 3252 | Patent | Patterson, J. A. | 1996 | System for Electrolysis | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | US Patent #5,494,559 | Tertiary System for Electrolysis System for Electrolysis | H2O, Ni, heat+, electrolysis CETI patent | |||||||
| 3253 | Journal Article | Pauling, L. | 1989 | Explanations of cold fusion' (section editor's title) | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Explanations of cold fusion' (section editor's title) | PdD2, phase diagram, theory, structure | ||||||||
| 3254 | Journal Article | Pease, D., Azizi, O., He, J., El-Boher, A., Hubler, G. K., Bok, S., Mathai, C., Gangopadhyay, S., Lecci, S., Violante, V. | 2016 | Search for Low-energy X-ray and Particle Emissions from an Electrochemical Cell | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 257 Search for Low-energy X-ray and Particle Emissions from an Electrochemical Cell | Anomalous heat effect, Electrolytic cell, Low energy, PdD cathode, X-rays | Several theories to explain anomalous heat production predict the emission of low-energy X-rays and/or MeV alpha particles from PdD cathodes in electrochemical cells. Such radiation, however, is not detectable from outside of a standard electrochemical cell due to absorption in the electrolyte and cell walls. A custom cell was therefore assembled which permits X-rays of energy > 1 keV to pass through a thin cathodic membrane and enter into an X-ray detector with minimal attenuation. This test cell geometry also potentially allows any emitted MeV alpha particles to be detected when they impact a Pd cathode and cause fluorescent emission of Pd-K (21.2, 23.8 keV) X-rays. The detection of X-ray emissions from a membrane electrolytic cell potentially permits the mechanism(s) for anomalous heat production to be investigated with great sensitivity. As an example, a typical X-ray detector allows 1 keV X-rays to be detected at emission rates of less than one per second and this level of sensitivity corresponds to a thermal resolution of < 0.2 fW. Time resolved X-ray spectral data ranging from 1 to 30 keV was collected for over a year using various types of membranes and different electrolytic solutions. None of these test cells, however, yielded any X-rays which were above ambient background levels. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=265 | ||||||
| 3255 | Book | Peat, F. D. | 1989 | Cold fusion: The making of a scientific controversy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | Contempory Books | Cold fusion: The making of a scientific controversy | history, book | |||||||
| 3256 | Journal Article | Pell, E. | 2013 | Agreements and Disagreements with Storms | Infinite Energy | 38 Agreements and Disagreements with Storms theory | theory, critique | Storms points out that cold fusion (LENR) does not produce a high energy particle as part of the final product. There is ample experimental proof of this and I agree. Storms includes all lattice defects as being lattice and not potential reaction sites. I disagree. I still see lattice defects as potential sites, particularly single atom vacancies. I do agree that regular undisturbed lattice material is not where reactions occur, even when loaded greater than 0.9 with deuterium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PellEagreements.pdf | ||||||
| 3257 | Conference Proceedings | Pemberton, S., Mace, J., Tasker, D. | 2009 | Quantum Mechancial Study of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Quantum Mechancial Study of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | The Fleischmann-Pons Effect [1] (FPE) was swiftly rejected when published in 1989, yet a significant number of researchers have since reported energy gains in similar experiments; for a review see ref. [2]. These gains have been associated with 'cold fusion' or Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) where energy is released from a deuterium-deuterium (d-d) fusion. Clearly, this raises fundamental questions because the probability of a d-d fusion, under the conditions of the FPE cell, is extremely small. As stated in ref. [1], 'it is necessary to reconsider the quantum mechanics of electrons and deuterons in such host lattices.' The goal of this paper is to predict possible changes in the probability of d-d fusion, caused by perturbations to the energy barriers or positive interference caused by the effects of adjacent atoms in a lattice. We report preliminary work on formulating quantum-mechanical models of the behavior of deuterium atoms trapped in a lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PembertonSquantummec.pdf | ||||
| 3258 | Conference Proceedings | Pemberton, S., Mace, J., Tasker, D. | 2009 | Quantum Mechanical Study of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Quantum Mechanical Study of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | Resonances in deuterium-deuterium fusion were examined by calculating the transmission behavior of a single deuteron through a deuterium atom, or through a system comprising two or three deuterium atoms, using transfer matrix methodology. Many unittransmission resonance peaks were observed in the results of the calculations, even at incoming deuteron energies of a few electron volts, but resonance peak widths were found to be very narrow at low energies, so that the probabilities of fusion would be small. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=168 | |||||
| 3259 | Journal Article | Pennisi, E. | 1991 | Helium find thaws the cold fusion trail | Sci. News (Washington, DC), Vol = 139, Num = 12, Page = 177 | Helium find thaws the cold fusion trail | history | ||||||||
| 3260 | Conference Proceedings | Perez-Pariente, J. | 2004 | Evidence For The Ocurrence Of Lenr-Type Processes In Alchemical Transmutations | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Evidence For The Ocurrence Of Lenr-Type Processes In Alchemical Transmutations | transmutation | |||||||
| 3261 | Journal Article | Perfetti, P., Cilloco, F., Felici, R., Capozi, M., Ippoliti, A. | 1989 | Neutron emission under particular nonequilibrium conditions from palladium and titanium electrolytically charged with deuterium | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, Vol = 11, Num = 6, Page = 921 | Neutron emission under particular nonequilibrium conditions from palladium and titanium electrolytically charged with deuterium | electrolysis, Pd, titanium, D2O, neutron, PdD, heat+, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 3262 | Journal Article | Peroni, P. | 1989 | Cold fusion: what's going on? (Letters to the Editor) | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Cold fusion: what's going on? (Letters to the Editor) | critique, theory | ||||||||
| 3263 | Journal Article | Petelenz, P. | 1989 | Hypothetical D-D bound states in solid palladium | Acta Phys. Pol. A, Vol = 75 | Hypothetical D-D bound states in solid palladium | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 3264 | Book | Peterson, C. | 2012 | The Guardian Poplar, A Memoir of Deep Roots, Journey and Rediscovery | Acta Phys. Pol. A, Vol = 75 | The University of Utah Press | Salt Lake City | The Guardian Poplar, A Memoir of Deep Roots, Journey and Rediscovery History | History | Selected portions of chapter 12 from Chase Peterson's autobiography. Peterson was president of the University of Utah when cold fusion was announced. This chapter is titled, 'THEY WILL ONLY LAUGH AT YOU': Cold Fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PetersonCtheguardia.pdf | ||||
| 3265 | Newspaper Article | Petit, C. | 1989 | Fusion Fever in Utah --State Aches With Pride | Salt Lake City Chronicle | Salt Lake CityEditor | Fusion Fever in Utah --State Aches With Pride | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 3266 | Journal Article | Petrasso, R. D., Chen, X., Wenzel, K. W., Parker, R. R., Li, C. K., Fiore, C. | 1989 | Problems with the gamma-ray spectrum in the Fleischmann et al experiments | Nature (London), Vol = 339, Num = 6221, Page = 667 | Problems with the gamma-ray spectrum in the Fleischmann et al experiments | critique Fleischmann, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 3267 | Journal Article | Petrasso, R. D., Chen, X., Wenzel, K. W., Parker, R. R., Li, C. K., Fiore, C. | 1989 | Measurement of g-Rays from Cold Fusion | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Measurement of g-Rays from Cold Fusion | gamma emission, Pd, D2O, history, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 3268 | Journal Article | Petrii, O. A., Tsirlina, G. A., Simonov, E. F., Safonov, V. A., Lapshina, E. V. | 1991 | Attempts to detect electrochemical cold nuclear fusion by determining the excess tritium | Sov. Electrochem., Vol = 27 | Attempts to detect electrochemical cold nuclear fusion by determining the excess tritium | tritium, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 3269 | Journal Article | Petrillo, C., Sacchetti, F. | 1989 | A possible mechanism for bulk cold fusion in transition metal hydrides | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 10 | A possible mechanism for bulk cold fusion in transition metal hydrides | theory, phase change | ||||||||
| 3270 | Conference Proceedings | Petrucci, A., Mignani, R., Cardone, F. | 2009 | Comparison Between Piezonuclear Reactions and CMNS Phenomenology | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Comparison Between Piezonuclear Reactions and CMNS Phenomenology | The purpose of this paper is to place side by side the experimental results of Piezonuclear reactions, which have been recently unveiled, and those collected during the last twenty years of experiments on low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). We will briefly report the results of our campaign of experiments on piezonuclear reactions where ultrasounds and cavitation were applied to solutions of stable elements. These outcomes will be shown to be compatible with the results and evidences obtained from low energy nuclear reaction experiments. Some theoretical concepts and ideas, on which our experiments are grounded, will be sketched and it will be shown that, in order to trigger our measured effects, it exists an energy threshold, that has to be overcome, and a maximum interval of time for this energy to be released to the nuclear system. Eventually, a research hypothesis will be put forward about the chance to raise the level of analogy from the mere comparison of results up to the phenomenological level. Here, among the various evidences collected in LENR experiments, we will search for hints about the overcome of the energy threshold and about the mechanism that releases the loaded energy in a suitable interval of time. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=63 | |||||
| 3271 | Book | Phillips, S. M. | 1980 | Extra-Sensory Preception of Quarks | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | The Theosophical Publishing House | India | Extra-Sensory Preception of Quarks | theory | ||||||
| 3272 | Journal Article | Phipps, T. E. | 1999 | Neutron formation by electron penetration of the nucleus | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 26, Page = 58 | Neutron formation by electron penetration of the nucleus | Theory neutron formation | ||||||||
| 3273 | Patent | Piantelli, F. | 1995 | Energy Generation and Generator by Means of Anharmonic Stimulated Fusion WO 1995/020816 | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 26, Page = 58 | World Intellectual Property Organization | WO 1995/020816 Energy Generation and Generator by Means of Anharmonic Stimulated Fusion WO 1995/020816 | patent, Ni, H2, heat | |||||||
| 3274 | Patent | Piantelli, S., Piantelli, F. | 2010 | Method for producing energy and apparatus therefor WO 2010/058288 | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 26, Page = 58 | World Intellectual Property Organization | Method for producing energy and apparatus therefor WO 2010/058288 | patent, Ni, H2, heat | A method and a generator to produce energy from nuclear reactions between hydrogen and a metal, comprising the steps of a) production of a determined quantity of micro/nanometric clusters of a transition metal, b) bringing hydrogen into contact with said clusters and controlling its pressure and speed, preferably after applying vacuum cycles of at least 10^-9 bar between 35? and 500? for degassing the clusters . . . | WO 2010/058288 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PiantelliSmethodforp.pdf | |||||
| 3275 | Journal Article | Picard, C., Kleppa, O. J., Boureau, G. | 1978 | Thermodynamic Study of the Palladium-Hydrogen System at 245-352 C and at Pressures Up To 34 atm | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 69 | Thermodynamic Study of the Palladium-Hydrogen System at 245-352 C and at Pressures Up To 34 atm | Pd, H2, PdH, thermodynamic, pressure, Phase Diagram, enthalpy | ||||||||
| 3276 | Journal Article | Picasso, L. E. | 1989 | Fusione: Fredda o calda?' (Fusion; cold or hot?) | Accaio Inossid., Vol = 56, Num = 2, Page = 5 (in Italian) | Fusione: Fredda o calda?' (Fusion; cold or hot?) | review | ||||||||
| 3277 | Conference Proceedings | Pike, R. | 2012 | Chemical Aspects of LENR | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Chemical Aspects of LENR | electrochemistry | This file includes a paper and PowerPoint slides. The chemistry connected with low energy nuclear reactions is considered, starting with the Fleischmann and Pons work. Further innovations in electrochemical experiments following upon Fleischmann and Pons are examined. The chemical and structural nature of metal hydrides is discussed. Attention is paid to the variety of mixed metal hydrides that might potentially be exploited in LENR. Finally, the issues connected with LENR reactor design are touched upon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PikeRchemicalas.pdf | |||||
| 3278 | Journal Article | Pinch, T. J. | 1992 | Opening black boxes: Science, technology and society | Social Studies of Science, Vol = 22 | Opening black boxes: Science, technology and society | history | ||||||||
| 3279 | Journal Article | Pippard, B. | 1991 | Footnote to History | Nature (London), Vol = 350 | Footnote to History | history | ||||||||
| 3280 | Magazine Article | Platt, C. | 1998 | What If Cold Fusion Is Real? | Wired, Vol = 6, Num = 11 | What If Cold Fusion Is Real? | history | This article is available at: http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/6.11/coldfusion.html It was the most notorious scientific experiment in recent memory - in 1989, the two men who claimed to have discovered the energy of the future were condemned as imposters and exiled by their peers. Can it possibly make sense to reopen the cold fusion investigation? A surprising number of researchers already have. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PlattCwhatifcold.pdf | ||||||
| 3281 | Magazine Article | Platt, C. | 1998 | The Wired 25 | Wired, Vol = 6, Num = 11 | The Wired 25 | history | This article is available at: http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/6.11/wired25.html Life is short. Especially when you'se determined to break all the rules. In any age, there are a few people who give the rest of us something we can truly aspire to - and never more so than today. Meet the Wired 25, class of 1998. They are actively, even hyperactively, inventing tomorrow. From a wide range of professions, they have one thing in common: devotion to a singular ambition. They are attempting the impossible, and whether they succeed or fail, they will have a lasting impact on your life (and the lives of your kids). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PlattCthewired.pdf | ||||||
| 3282 | Journal Article | Plekhanov, V. G. | 2019 | A Possible Signature of Neutron Quarks -- Leptons via Gluon Interaction in Solids | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | A Possible Signature of Neutron Quarks -- Leptons via Gluon Interaction in Solids | Excitons, Leptons, Quantum electrodynamics and chromodynamics, Quarks, Strong interaction | The experimental evidence for a macroscopic manifestation of the residual strong interaction in the optical spectra of solids (lumi-nescence and reflection) which differ by term of one neutron from each other (using LiD crystals instead LiH ones) is presented. As far as the gravitation, electromagnetic and weak interactions are the same in both of kind crystals, this only changes the residual strong interaction. Therefore, we conclude that the renormalization of the energy of electromagnetic excitations (electrons, excitons, and phonons) is carried out by the residual strong nuclear interaction. The necessity to take into account the more close relation between quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics is underlined. In the first step quantum electrodynamics should take into account the residual strong interaction at the description of the dynamics of elementary excitations (electrons, excitons, and phonons) dynamics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=512 | ||||||
| 3283 | Newspaper Article | Plotkin, H. | 1999 | The war against cold fusion. What's realy behind it? | SF Gate | The war against cold fusion. What's realy behind it? | history | This news article is archived here: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/technology/archive/1999/05/17/coldfusion2.dtl Two months ago, I reported that Dr. Michael McKubre, an electrochemist at Menlo Park-based SRI, was, like other researchers, generating unaccounted-for heat in a carefully-controlled cold fusion experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PlotkinHthewaragai.pdf | ||||||
| 3284 | Newspaper Article | Plotkin, H. | 1999 | Power To The People. The return of cold fusion | SF Gate | Power To The People. The return of cold fusion | history | This news article is archived here: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/technology/archive/1999/03/15/coldfusion.dtl On Friday, March 26, 1999, the director of Menlo Park-based SRI International's Energy Research Center, Dr. Michael McKubre, will present the results of SRI's 10-year, $6 million-dollar effort to replicate the cold-fusion experiments of chemists Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann. McKubre's startling conclusion: Pons and Fleischmann were on to something. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PlotkinHpowertothe.pdf | ||||||
| 3285 | Newspaper Article | Plotkin, H. | 2002 | Cold Fusion Rides Again. Science magazine publishes more evidence of tabletop nuclear reactions | SF Gate | Cold Fusion Rides Again. Science magazine publishes more evidence of tabletop nuclear reactions | sonofusion | This news article is archived here: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/gate/archive/2002/03/25/tbltpfusion.DTL Science magazine dropped a bombshell earlier this month: The prestigious journal published a paper by a team of researchers at Tennessee's Oak Ridge National Laboratory who say they have discovered evidence of what looks like nuclear fusion taking place in a relatively inexpensive tabletop device. The findings bear striking similarities to the controversial cold-fusion claims made by chemists Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann in 1989, although the particular experiment is different. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PlotkinHcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 3286 | Journal Article | Pokropivnii, V. V., Ogorodnikov, V. V. | 1990 | The bineutron model of cold nuclear fusion in metals | Pis`ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., Vol = 16, Num = 21, Page = 31 (in Russian) | The bineutron model of cold nuclear fusion in metals | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 3287 | Journal Article | Pokropivnii, V. V. | 1993 | Bineutron theory of cold nuclear fusion | Dokl. Akad. Nauk Ukr. | Bineutron theory of cold nuclear fusion | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 3288 | Journal Article | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M. | 1989 | Some Comments on the History of the Field | Dokl. Akad. Nauk Ukr. | Some Comments on the History of the Field | history | ||||||||
| 3289 | Patent | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M., Walling, C., Simons, J. P. | 1990 | Method and Apparatus for Power Generation | Dokl. Akad. Nauk Ukr. | WO 90/10935,1990 | Tertiary Method and Apparatus for Power Generation Method and Apparatus for Power Generation | patent, apparatus | |||||||
| 3290 | Conference Proceedings | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M. | 1990 | Calorimetry of the Palladium-Deuterium System | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 1 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Calorimetry of the Palladium-Deuterium System | heat+, Pd, D2O, method., electrolysis, ICCF-1 | Our calorimetric measurements of the Pd/D system both in the period leading up to the preliminary publication (1) (for some corrections see(2)) and in the period leading up to the submission of the first full paper(3) showed that it is necessary to make measurements on a large number of electrodes for long times (the mean time chosen for a measurement cycle has been 3 months). It has therefore been necessary to adopt a low cost approach; our solution has been to use the single compartment Dewar cell type calorimeters illustrated in Fig. 1 and we have maintained up to five of these cells in each of three specially constructed water baths (see Section 1 below). The same type of calorimeter has been used for blank measurements on the Pd-H, Pt-D, and Pt-H systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=20 | ||
| 3291 | Journal Article | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M. | 1990 | Calorimetric measurements of the palladium/deuterium system: fact and fiction | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Calorimetric measurements of the palladium/deuterium system: fact and fiction | heat+, method, critique | ||||||||
| 3292 | Conference Proceedings | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M. | 1991 | The Calorimetry of Electrode Reactions and Measurements of Excess Enthalpy Generation in the Electrolysis of D2O Using Pd-based Cathodes | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 349 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | The Calorimetry of Electrode Reactions and Measurements of Excess Enthalpy Generation in the Electrolysis of D2O Using Pd-based Cathodes | heat, method, ICCF-2 | In the period since March 1989, there has been much comment and doubt expressed concerning the accuracy of the calorimetric techniques that we adopted to demonstrate the presence of excess enthalpy generation during the electrolysis of D2O solutions at palladium-based 2 electrodes. As it is only the end of the second year of research in this area, it seems appropriate at this point in time to summarize what we have actually done and to comment on the work in progress. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSthecalorim.pdf | ||
| 3293 | Journal Article | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M. | 1992 | Concerning the detection of neutron and gamma-rays from cells containing palladium cathodes polarized in heavy water | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 105A | Concerning the detection of neutron and gamma-rays from cells containing palladium cathodes polarized in heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron gamma emission | ||||||||
| 3294 | Conference Proceedings | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M. | 1993 | Heat After Death | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 8 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Heat After Death | heat+, Pd, D2O, ICCF-4, electrolysis | We have described elsewhere . . . that Pd and Pd-alloy electrodes cathodically polarised in D2O solutions under extreme conditions can drive the calorimetric cells to the boiling point. We have then adopted the procedure of allowing the cells to boil to dryness. For these conditions the galvanostats are driven to the rail voltage (100 V) but the cell current is reduced to zero. We have then found that cells which contained D2O frequently remain at high temperatures (in the vicinity of 100?) before cooling rapidly to the bath temperature. Cells containing H2O can also be driven to the boiling point but such cells cool immediately on terminating the experiments. This phenomenon has become known as 'Heat after Death' (the death referring to cessation of polarisation). Calibrations of the cells for such conditions show the generation of high levels of enthalpy at zero enthalpy input. Methods of investigating such systems will be outlined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSheatafterd.pdf | |||
| 3295 | Edited Book | Pons, S. | 1995 | Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion (Part 1) | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 8 | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion (Part 1) | This is the complete proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, April 9-13, 1995, Monte-Carlo, Monaco. The printed book is in one volume, but this version has been split into two parts to facilitate downloading. This is Part 1, cover page to page 200. This file is in image-over-text Acrobat format, so it is large. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf | ||||
| 3296 | Edited Book | Pons, S. | 1995 | Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion (Part 2) | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 8 | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion (Part 2) | This is the complete proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, April 9-13, 1995, Monte-Carlo, Monaco. The printed book is in one volume, but this version has been split into two parts to facilitate downloading. This is Part 2, page 201 to page 640. This file is in image-over-text Acrobat format, so it is large. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf | ||||
| 3297 | Journal Article | Pons, S., Fleischmann, M. | 1996 | Etalonnage du systeme Pd-D2O: effets de protocole et feed-back positif. ['Calibration of the Pd-D2O system: protocol and positive feed-back effects'] | J. Chim. Phys., Vol = 93 | Etalonnage du systeme Pd-D2O: effets de protocole et feed-back positif. ['Calibration of the Pd-D2O system: protocol and positive feed-back effects'] | Theory, enthalpy of formation, PdD | ||||||||
| 3298 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1989 | Teller, Chu Boost Cold Fusion | Science | Teller, Chu Boost Cold Fusion | history | ||||||||
| 3299 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1989 | Fusion Breakthrough? | Science, Vol = 244 | Fusion Breakthrough? | history | ||||||||
| 3300 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1989 | Fusion Followup : Confusion Abounds | Science, Vol = 244 | Fusion Followup : Confusion Abounds | history | ||||||||
| 3301 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1989 | Skepticism Grows Over Cold Fusion | Science, Vol = 244 | Skepticism Grows Over Cold Fusion | history | ||||||||
| 3302 | Journal Article | Pool, R., Crawford, M. | 1989 | How Cold Fusion Happened- Twice ! | Science, Vol = 244 | How Cold Fusion Happened- Twice ! | history, newspaper | ||||||||
| 3303 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1989 | Brookhaven Chemists Find New Fusion Method | Science, Vol = 245 | Brookhaven Chemists Find New Fusion Method | cluster, D2O, ion bombardment | ||||||||
| 3304 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1989 | Will New Evidence Support Cold Fusion ? AND Teller,Chu Boost Cold Fusion | Science, Vol = 246 | Will New Evidence Support Cold Fusion ? AND Teller,Chu Boost Cold Fusion | history, conference | ||||||||
| 3305 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1990 | Wolf: My Tritium Was Impurity | Science | Wolf: My Tritium Was Impurity | history | ||||||||
| 3306 | Journal Article | Pool, R. | 1990 | Cold Fusion: End of Act 1 | Science, Vol = 244 | Cold Fusion: End of Act 1 | history | ||||||||
| 3307 | Conference Proceedings | Popa-Simil, L. | 2012 | Roadmap to Fusion Battery A Novel Type of Nuclear Battery and Potential Outcomes and Applications | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | Roadmap to Fusion Battery A Novel Type of Nuclear Battery and Potential Outcomes and Applications | fusion, direct energy conversion | This file includes a paper and PowerPoint slides. The Fusion battery was the object of many science fiction novels and movies; the most recent one being 'Star Trek,' but now it is poised to come to life. These batteries rely on a process that converts the fusion energy into electricity. They are more compact and state-of-the-art and resemble an aluminum air battery, but up to about 10 million times more powerful. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PopaSimilLroadmaptof.pdf | |||||
| 3308 | Conference Proceedings | Popa-Simil, L. | 2013 | The Fusion-Transmutation Battery | Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space 2013 | Albuquerque, NM | February 25-28, 2013 | The Fusion-Transmutation Battery | fusion battery | Nuclear reactions such as transmutation, fusion or fission may occur in special nano-structures arrangements with a specific excitation that creates a nuclear active environment. All the parameters of mass distribution, quantum states and field excitation contribute to the process that involves more than two bodies that are not smashed together through their Coulombian barrier, as is the normal nuclear practice. New concepts in physics such as quantum nonlocality and potential formation of nuclear molecules come into play when considering high quantum energy reactions triggered by low energy excitation of special quantum states. Several nuclear or sub-nuclear entities in various positions may entangle putting the nuclear mass in special communion that may react and end in totally different structures than for normally encountered combinations. In the past 20 years of experiments, some observations of reactions producing heat only, reactions exhibiting strong bursts of neutrons, gammas and X-rays, some explosions, and over 40 accidents give strong support for new physics ideas in the world. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PopaSimilLthefusiont.pdf | ||||
| 3309 | Journal Article | Porter, J. D., Shihab-Eldin, A. A., Bossy, H., Echegaray, F. J., Nitschke, J. M., Prussin, S. G., Rasmussen, J. O., Stoyer, M. A. | 1990 | Limits on electromagnetic and particle emission from palladium-D2O electrolytic cells | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Limits on electromagnetic and particle emission from palladium-D2O electrolytic cells | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, H2O, particle emission | ||||||||
| 3310 | Journal Article | Postnikov, V. S., Postnikov, V. V., Fedorov, V. M. | 1978 | Instability and Superconductivity in Pd-Ag-D and Pd-H Systems | Phys. Stat. Sol. B, Vol = 85 | Instability and Superconductivity in Pd-Ag-D and Pd-H Systems | superconductivity, PdH, Pd-Ag | ||||||||
| 3311 | Journal Article | Powell, G. L., Bullock, IV J. S., Hallman, R. L., Horton, P. J., Hutchinson, D. P. | 1990 | The preparation of palladium for cold fusion experiments | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 355 | The preparation of palladium for cold fusion experiments | Pd, loading, D2, pressure, method, preparation | ||||||||
| 3312 | Report | Powell, G. L. | 1991 | The Reaction Probability for Exchange of Hydrogen Isotopes on Pd | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 355 | The Reaction Probability for Exchange of Hydrogen Isotopes on Pd | exhange, Hydrogen, Deuterium, Tritium, Pd | ||||||||
| 3313 | Report | Powell, G. L., Lasser, R., Kirkpatrick, J. R., Conant, J. W. | 1991 | Surface and Bulk Effects in the Reaction of H and D with Pd | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 355 | Surface and Bulk Effects in the Reaction of H and D with Pd | Pd, PdD, diffusion, loading | ||||||||
| 3314 | Journal Article | Powell, G. L., Kirkpatrick, J. R. | 1991 | Surface Conductance and Diffusion of H and D in Pd | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 43, Num = 9, Page = 6968 | Surface Conductance and Diffusion of H and D in Pd | Pd, D, H, diffusion | ||||||||
| 3315 | Journal Article | Powell, G. L., Kirkpatrick, J. R., Conant, J. W. | 1991 | Surface Effects in the Reaction of H and D with Pd-Macroscopic Manifestations | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 172-174 | Surface Effects in the Reaction of H and D with Pd-Macroscopic Manifestations | pressure, Pd, D, H, PdD, PdH, phase Diagram, diffusion | ||||||||
| 3316 | Journal Article | Poyser, P. A., Kemali, M., Ross, D. K. | 1997 | Deuterium absorption in Pd0.9Y0.1 alloy | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Deuterium absorption in Pd0.9Y0.1 alloy | Pd-Y-D, PdD, loading, Pd, lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 3317 | Journal Article | Pozwolski, A. E. | 1997 | Comments on composite electrolytes and cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Comments on composite electrolytes and cold fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 3318 | Journal Article | Prati, P., Ricco, G., Taiuti, M., Boragno, C., Eggenhoffner, R., Valbusa, U. | 1992 | Search for neutron emission from titanium-deuterium systems | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 105 | Search for neutron emission from titanium-deuterium systems | neutron method, titanium, D2 | ||||||||
| 3319 | Journal Article | Pratt, L. R., Eckert, J. | 1989 | Molecular Dynamics of a Dilute Solution of Hydrogen in Palladium | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 39, Num = 18, Page = 13170 | Molecular Dynamics of a Dilute Solution of Hydrogen in Palladium | Pd, H, theory, vibration | ||||||||
| 3320 | Journal Article | Prelas, M. A. | 1989 | Advanced energy conversion methods for cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Advanced energy conversion methods for cold fusion | discussion | ||||||||
| 3321 | Journal Article | Prelas, M. A., Boody, F., Gallaher, W., Leal-Quiros, E., Mencin, D., Taylor, S. | 1990 | Cold fusion experiments using Maxwellian plasmas and sub-atmospheric deuterium gas | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 309 | Cold fusion experiments using Maxwellian plasmas and sub-atmospheric deuterium gas | Pd, ion bombardment, neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 3322 | Journal Article | Prelas, M. A., Lukosi, E. | 2014 | Neutron Emission from Cryogenically Cooled Metals Under Thermal Shock | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 455-463 Neutron Emission from Cryogenically Cooled Metals Under Thermal Shock | Deuterium, Neutrons, Phase Change, Surface preparation, Thermal shock, Titanium | During the summer of 1991, intense neutron bursts were observed after temperature shocking titanium chips which had been saturated with deuterium gas. The titanium chips were cooled and loaded with deuterium at 77 K and then rapidly heated to 323 K. The rapid heating produces a large pressure increase inside the crystalline lattice of the host metal. An Event Timer/Counter (ETC) card was designed and developed which counted and kept a time distribution of the neutron pulses as they occurred from a helium-3 neutron counter embedded in a paraffin moderator [1]. The experiment produced copious neutron counts. During one cooling and heating cycle, over 2 million neutrons were counted over a 5 min time period. In subsequent cooling and heating cycles using the same titanium chips, significant neutron bursts were observed with diminishing counts after each subsequent cycle. This paper will discuss the 1991 experiments and the status of ongoing experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PrelasMAneutronemi.pdf | ||||||
| 3323 | Journal Article | Prelazzi, G., Cerboni, M., Leofanti, G. | 1999 | Comparison of H2 adsorption, O2 adsorption, H2 titration, and O2 titration on supported palladium catalysts | J. Catal., Vol = 181 | Comparison of H2 adsorption, O2 adsorption, H2 titration, and O2 titration on supported palladium catalysts | Pd, catalyst, PdH, composition, loading | ||||||||
| 3324 | Journal Article | Premuda, F. | 1989 | Cold fusion: what's going on? (section editor's title) | Nature (London), Vol = 338 | Cold fusion: what's going on? (section editor's title) | theory | ||||||||
| 3325 | Journal Article | Premuda, F. | 1998 | Coulomb barrier total screening by Bose-Einstein-condensed deuterium in palladium blisters and reaction chains in high-density hysteresis | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | Coulomb barrier total screening by Bose-Einstein-condensed deuterium in palladium blisters and reaction chains in high-density hysteresis | Theory, screening, Bose-Einstein | ||||||||
| 3326 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1990 | Fractofusion Revisted | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 840 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Fractofusion Revisted | theory fractofusion | ||||
| 3327 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1990 | Theoretical Ideas on Cold Fusion | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 91 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Theoretical Ideas on Cold Fusion | theory, ICCF-1 | The rapidly expanding experimental body of information on the phenomena attributed to cold nuclear fusion poses several funda.mental challenges to the generally accepted physical picture of both condensed matter and nuclear physics. In this presentation I will show how a recently proposed approach to the coherent electrodynamic processes in condensed matter, in terms of the 80 called 'superradiant' behavior, can be used to provide for explicit coherent mechanism! for: (al greatly enhancing the tunneling probability in the DD fusion process; (b) ultrarapid electron cooling of the excited compound nucleus, thus strongly suppressing the usual n-3 He and p-T channels of DD fusion in vacuum. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=110 | ||
| 3328 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1991 | Cold Fusion: What do the Laws of Nature Allow and Forbid? | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 453 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Cold Fusion: What do the Laws of Nature Allow and Forbid? | theory, review, ICCF-2 | This talk will not be a summary of the theoretical contributions to this Conference: I think that the individual papers that this book collects can give a much better representation of the work that is now going on in the field than I can possibly attempt to give in a short talk. As a partial excuse I may quote a recent review article of mine, where I try to discuss the most significant theories of cold fusion, and the fact that nothing much new has happened in the last few months. Nor will I discuss cold fusion in the non-equilibrium. conditions prevailing in Titanium, fracto-emission and 'lukewarm' fusion. I shall rather try to examine first the strange facts of hydrogen incorporation into Palladium, and then I shall discuss the phenomena of cold fusion in relation to those facts. In the light of the known experimental data I will then discuss the general features of what we might call 'possible' and 'impossible' theories of cold fusion, somehow drawing a demarcation line between which theoretical ideas can and cannot explain those observations, given the well established and accepted general laws of condensed matter (Quantum Electro Dynamics, QED) and nuclear physics (Quantum Chromo Dynamics, QCD). My discussion will follow quite closely a paper recently completed in collaboration with M. Fleischmann and S . Pons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=468 | ||
| 3329 | Journal Article | Preparata, G. | 1991 | Some theories of 'cold' nuclear fusion: a review | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Some theories of 'cold' nuclear fusion: a review | review, theory | ||||||||
| 3330 | Journal Article | Preparata, G. | 1991 | A new look at solid-state fractures, particle emission and 'cold' nuclear fusion | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 104 | A new look at solid-state fractures, particle emission and 'cold' nuclear fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 3331 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1992 | Towards a Theory of Cold Fusion Phenomena | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = not in Proceedings | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Towards a Theory of Cold Fusion Phenomena | theory | ||||
| 3332 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1993 | Cold Fusion '93': Some Theoretical Ideas | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 12 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Cold Fusion '93': Some Theoretical Ideas | theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3333 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1993 | Comments on the Criticisms of M. Rabinowitz | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 16 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Comments on the Criticisms of M. Rabinowitz | theory, critique, Rabinowitz, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3334 | Journal Article | Preparata, G. | 1994 | Cold Fusion '93': Some Theoretical Ideas | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 397 | Cold Fusion '93': Some Theoretical Ideas | theory screening | ||||||||
| 3335 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1995 | Setting Cold Fusion in Context: A Reply | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 265 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Setting Cold Fusion in Context: A Reply | theory, ICCF-5 | This talk consists of three parts: the first on the 'pathological' nature of Cold Fusion ( CF ) phenomena, the second on a wide theoretical effort based on the new i deas of Q ED coherence in matter, and the third replying to explicit criticisms to my work. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=68 | ||
| 3336 | Conference Proceedings | Preparata, G. | 1996 | Everything Thing You Always Wanted to Know About Cold Fusion Calorimetry | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 136 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Everything Thing You Always Wanted to Know About Cold Fusion Calorimetry | heat+, electrolysis, D2O, Pd, critique, method, ICCF-6 | The long standing problem of calorimetry in Cold Fusion (CF) experiments is analysed on the basis of the findings of two recent campaigns of CF experiments, where a surprising difference in the behaviour of blank and 'black' cells was observed. We also present evidence for large excess power production in modified Fleischmann-Pons electrolytic cells. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=151 | ||
| 3337 | Journal Article | Preparata, G., Scorletti, M., Verpelli, M. | 1996 | Isoperibolic calorimetry on modified Fleischmann-Pons cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 411 | Isoperibolic calorimetry on modified Fleischmann-Pons cells | heat+, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, replication, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 3338 | Newspaper Article | Press, A. | 1989 | LANL Confirms Cold Fusion Tritium -and- Lab Hasn't Confirmed Cold Fusion | Monitor | LANL Confirms Cold Fusion Tritium -and- Lab Hasn't Confirmed Cold Fusion | history, newspaper | ||||||||
| 3339 | Newspaper Article | Press, A. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Experiments Produce Excess Tritium | The Oak Ridger | Cold Fusion Experiments Produce Excess Tritium | history | ||||||||
| 3340 | Journal Article | Prevenslik, T. V. | 1994 | Sonoliminescence Induced Deuterium Fusion | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 530 | Sonoliminescence Induced Deuterium Fusion | acoustic, fusion, deuterium | ||||||||
| 3341 | Conference Proceedings | Prevenslik, T. V. | 1995 | Biological Effects of Ultasonic Cavitation | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 539 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Biological Effects of Ultasonic Cavitation | ultrasound, biology, cavitation, radiation, ICCF-5 | Cavitation energy in a nearly evacuated bubble is shown to not likely reside in the thermal state of the water molecule. In a spherical bubble compression and until the bubble assumes a pancake collapse shape, a temperature increase does not occur in the bubble gas because the mean free path likely exceeds the bubble diameter. The subsequent collapse of the pancake shape to liquid density occurs with only a negligible volume change so that the temperature increase for compression heating of bubble gases is insignificant. Even near liquid density, a temperature increase does not occur as the energy transfer by molecular collisions is in the adiabatic limit for both vibrational and rotational modes. Instead, the IR radiation energy density present within the bubble is increased as required to satisfy standing wave boundary conditions with the bubble walls in the direction of collapse. For biological tissue in an opaque environment, bubble collapse is found to increase the 5- 10 micron I R thermal radiation at ambient temperature to about 3-5 e V that is capable of dissociating the water molecule and forming the chemically reactive hydroxyl radical. Hence, the biological effects of ultrasonic cavitation are proposed to be caused by the chemical reaction of the organisms with the excited electronic states of dissolved oxygen and water molecules. Proposes bubble collapse produces UV radiation by an energy amplification process and this can kill bacteria. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=346 | ||
| 3342 | Journal Article | Prevenslik, T. V. | 1995 | Ultrasound induced and laser enhanced cold fusion chemistry | Nucl. Sci. Tech., Vol = 6 | Ultrasound induced and laser enhanced cold fusion chemistry | Theory, ultrasound | ||||||||
| 3343 | Journal Article | Prevenslik, T. V. | 1996 | Sonoluminescence: an IRaser creating cold fusion neutrons? | Nucl. Sci. Tech., Vol = 7 | Sonoluminescence: an IRaser creating cold fusion neutrons? | Theory, sonoluminescence | ||||||||
| 3344 | Journal Article | Prevenslik, T. V. | 1997 | Sonoluminescence: microwaves and cold fusion | Nucl. Sci. Tech., Vol = 8 | Sonoluminescence: microwaves and cold fusion | Theory, sonofusion, microwaves | ||||||||
| 3345 | Journal Article | Prevenslik, T. V. | 1998 | Sonoluminescence: fusion at ambient temperature? | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Sonoluminescence: fusion at ambient temperature? | Theory, D2O, liquid fusion | ||||||||
| 3346 | Journal Article | Prevenslik, T. V. | 2000 | On the Possibility of a Cavity QED Cold Fusion Cell | Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., Vol = 38 | On the Possibility of a Cavity QED Cold Fusion Cell | Theory, bubbles | ||||||||
| 3347 | Journal Article | Price, P. B., Barwick, S. W., Williams, W. T., Porter, J. D. | 1989 | Search for energetic-charged-particle emission from deuterated Ti and Pd foils | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 63, Num = 18, Page = 1926 | Search for energetic-charged-particle emission from deuterated Ti and Pd foils | Pd, titanium, D2, particle emission, CR-39 | ||||||||
| 3348 | Journal Article | Price, P. B. | 1990 | Search for high-energy ions from fracture of LiD crystals | Nature (London), Vol = 343 | Search for high-energy ions from fracture of LiD crystals | LiD, fractofusoin, neutron | ||||||||
| 3349 | Journal Article | Price, P. B. | 1993 | Advances in solid state nuclear track detectors | Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas., Vol = 22, Num = 1-4, Page = 9 | Advances in solid state nuclear track detectors | particle emission, method | ||||||||
| 3350 | Conference Proceedings | Pryakhin, E., Urutshoev, L., Tryapitsina, G., Akleyev, A. | 2004 | Assessment Of The Biological Effects Of 'Strange' Radiation | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Assessment Of The Biological Effects Of 'Strange' Radiation | transmutation | |||||||
| 3351 | Journal Article | Putterman, S. J. | 1995 | Sonoluminescence: Sound into light | Scientific American, Vol = 272 | Sonoluminescence: Sound into light | Sonoluminescence, acoustic | ||||||||
| 3352 | Journal Article | Pyun, S. I., Lim, C., Kim, K. B. | 1994 | An investigation of the electrochemical kinetics of deuterium insertion into a Pd membrane electrode in 0.1M LiOD solution by the a.c. impedance technique | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 203 | An investigation of the electrochemical kinetics of deuterium insertion into a Pd membrane electrode in 0.1M LiOD solution by the a.c. impedance technique | Pd, diffusion, electrolysis, PdD | ||||||||
| 3353 | Conference Proceedings | Qiao, G. S., Han, X. L., Kong, L. C., Zheng, S. X., Huang, H. F., Yan, Y. J., Wu, Q. L., Deng, Y., Lei, S. L., Li, X. Z. | 1998 | Nuclear Products in a Gas-Loading D/Pd and H/Pd System | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion | Jaeger, F. | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Nuclear Products in a Gas-Loading D/Pd and H/Pd System | helium transmutation, CR-39, radiation, D2,, H2 ICCF-7 | In a gas-loading DlPd or HlPd system, the nuclear products have been identified using mass spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, electron probe microanalysis, and solid state nuclear track detector. In contrast with the electrolytic cell in most of the 'cold fusion' experiments, gas-loading system has the advantage of less contamination, and provides one more compelling evidence. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=314 | |||
| 3354 | Journal Article | Qin, G., Peng, Q., Fu, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, B. | 1991 | Evolution of hydrogen (deuterium) in palladium-hydrogen (deuterium) system and the distribution of hydrogen near the surface | Wuli Xuebao, Vol = 40, Num = 6, Page = 943 (in Chinese) | Evolution of hydrogen (deuterium) in palladium-hydrogen (deuterium) system and the distribution of hydrogen near the surface | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, x-ray diffraction, lattice parameter, H2O | ||||||||
| 3355 | Journal Article | Qiu, W., Dong, Q., Gan, F. | 1991 | Positron lifetime studies on systems of palladium filled galvanostatically with hydrogen or deuterium | Nucl. Sci. Tech., Vol = 2, Num = 3, Page = 157 | Positron lifetime studies on systems of palladium filled galvanostatically with hydrogen or deuterium | theory, position annihilation | ||||||||
| 3356 | Journal Article | Qiu, W. C., Dong, Q. H., Gan, F. X., Wang, S. J. | 1992 | PAS studies on the new topic: Cold nuclear fusion | Mat. Sci. Forum, Vol = 105-110 | PAS studies on the new topic: Cold nuclear fusion | positron annihilation, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3357 | Conference Proceedings | Quan, L. J. | 2002 | Physical basis of cold fusion excited in TiD2 lattice | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Physical basis of cold fusion excited in TiD2 lattice 4035 | Theory, TiD2, fusion, D2, shielding | |||||
| 3358 | Journal Article | Quick, J. E., Hinkley, T. K., Reimer, G. M., Hedge, C. E. | 1991 | Tritium concentrations in the active Pu'u O'o crater, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: implications for cold fusion in the Earth's interior | Phys. Earth Planet. Interior, Vol = 69 | Tritium concentrations in the active Pu'u O'o crater, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: implications for cold fusion in the Earth's interior | tritium, volcano | ||||||||
| 3359 | Journal Article | Quickenden, T. I., Green, T. A. | 1993 | A calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O and H2O at palladium cathodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 344 | A calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O and H2O at palladium cathodes | heat-, electrolysis, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 3360 | Journal Article | Rabinowitz, M. | 1989 | A theoretical framework for cold fusion mechanisms | IEEE Power Eng. Rev. | A theoretical framework for cold fusion mechanisms | theory | ||||||||
| 3361 | Conference Proceedings | Rabinowitz, M., Kim, Y. E., Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S. | 1990 | Cluster-Impact Fusion: Bridge Between Hot and Cold Fusion? | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 846 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Cluster-Impact Fusion: Bridge Between Hot and Cold Fusion? | theory, cluster | ||||
| 3362 | Journal Article | Rabinowitz, M. | 1990 | High temperature superconductivity and cold fusion | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 233 | High temperature superconductivity and cold fusion | theory, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 3363 | Journal Article | Rabinowitz, M. | 1990 | Cluster-impact fusion: new physics or experimental error | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 4 | Cluster-impact fusion: new physics or experimental error | theory, critique | ||||||||
| 3364 | Journal Article | Rabinowitz, M., Worledge, D. H. | 1990 | An analysis of cold and lukewarm fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | An analysis of cold and lukewarm fusion | theory, review | ||||||||
| 3365 | Conference Proceedings | Rabinowitz, M. | 1993 | Response to G. Preparata | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 17 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Response to G. Preparata | theory, critique, Preparata, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3366 | Conference Proceedings | Rabinowitz, M., Kim, Y. E., Chechin, V. A., Tsarev, V. A. | 1993 | Opposition and Support for Cold Fusion | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 15 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Opposition and Support for Cold Fusion | theory, critique, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3367 | Journal Article | Rabinowitz, M. | 1993 | Phenomenological Theory for Short Coherence Length Superconductivity | Chem. Phys. Lett., Vol = 216 | Phenomenological Theory for Short Coherence Length Superconductivity | superconductivity, theory | ||||||||
| 3368 | Journal Article | Rabinowitz, M. | 1993 | Do the Laws of Nature and Physics Agree On What is Allowed and Forbidden? | 21st Century Sci. & Technol., Vol = Spring | Do the Laws of Nature and Physics Agree On What is Allowed and Forbidden? | review, theory | ||||||||
| 3369 | Journal Article | Rabzi, G. S. | 1996 | Natural cold fusion-natural new energy- natural new physics | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 184 | Natural cold fusion-natural new energy- natural new physics | Theory, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3370 | Journal Article | Rabzi, G. S. | 1996 | Mechanism of Low Temperature Transmutation | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 55 | Mechanism of Low Temperature Transmutation | transmutation, theory | ||||||||
| 3371 | Journal Article | Rabzi, G. S. | 1996 | Natural Cold Fission-Natural New Energy-Natural New Physics | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 184 | Natural Cold Fission-Natural New Energy-Natural New Physics | transmutation, theory | ||||||||
| 3372 | Book Section | Radhakrishnan, T. P., Sundaresan, R., Arunachalam, J., SitaramaRaju, V., Kalyanaraman, R., Gangadharan, S., Iyengar, P. K. | 1989 | Search for Electrochemically Catalysed Fusion of Deuterons in Metal Lattice | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Search for Electrochemically Catalysed Fusion of Deuterons in Metal Lattice | Excess heat | 1500 | ||||
| 3373 | Book Section | Radhakrishnan, T. P., Sundaresan, R., Gangadharan, S., Sen, B. K., Murthy, T. S. | 1989 | Tritium Generation during Electrolysis Experiment | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Tritium Generation during Electrolysis Experiment | tritium | In continuation of the earlier R&D work carried out in connection with the investigations for electrochemically induced fusion of deuterons using palladium cathode and platinum anode, a series of experiments was carried out. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Radhakrishtritiumgen.pdf | |||
| 3374 | Journal Article | Rafelski, J., Jones, S. E. | 1987 | Cold Nuclear Fusion | Scientific American, Vol = July | Cold Nuclear Fusion | muon | ||||||||
| 3375 | Report | Rafelski, J., Gajda, M., Harley, D., Jones, S. E. | 1989 | Limits on Cold Fusion in Condensed Matter: A Parametric Study | Scientific American, Vol = July | Limits on Cold Fusion in Condensed Matter: A Parametric Study | Pd, D2O, theory | ||||||||
| 3376 | Journal Article | Rafelski, J., Sawicki, M., Gajda, M., Harley, D. | 1990 | How cold fusion can be catalyzed | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | How cold fusion can be catalyzed | theory | ||||||||
| 3377 | Journal Article | Rafelski, J., Sawicki, M., Gajda, M., Harley, D. | 1990 | Nuclear reactions catalyzed by a massive negatively charged particle. How Cold Fusion Can Be Catalyzed | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Nuclear reactions catalyzed by a massive negatively charged particle. How Cold Fusion Can Be Catalyzed | theory, New Particle | ||||||||
| 3378 | Journal Article | Rafelski, H. E., Harley, D., Shin, G. R., Rafelski, J. | 1991 | Cold fusion: muon-catalyzed fusion | J. Phys. B, Vol = 24 | Cold fusion: muon-catalyzed fusion | review, muon | ||||||||
| 3379 | Journal Article | Ragheb, M., Miley, G. H. | 1989 | On the possibility of deuteron disintegration in electrochemically compressed deuterium ion (D+) in a palladium cathode | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | On the possibility of deuteron disintegration in electrochemically compressed deuterium ion (D+) in a palladium cathode | theory, Oppenheimer-Phillips | ||||||||
| 3380 | Journal Article | Ragheb, M., Miley, G. H. | 1990 | Deuteron disintegration in condensed media | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Deuteron disintegration in condensed media | theory, D, Pd, tritium, Oppenheimer Phillips | ||||||||
| 3381 | Journal Article | Ragland, E. | 1990 | Triode cell experiments for controlled Fleischmann/Pons effect | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Triode cell experiments for controlled Fleischmann/Pons effect | heat, method | ||||||||
| 3382 | Conference Proceedings | Ragland, E. | 1992 | A Physical Description of Cold Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 649 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | A Physical Description of Cold Fusion | theory, ICCF-3 | Cold nuclear fusion of deuterium in an electrolysis cell with palladium electrodes is described as a comprehensive sequence of physical phenomena. 1 . Electrolysis generates many more cations than are necessary to sustain ionization in the cell. The excess cations are adsorbed on the cathode surface where they create an electrical charge Qo of ?vervoltage' Eo. 2 A small fraction (0.01 to 0.1%) of the adsorbed cations, which are thousands of times smaller than typical electrolysis cations and driven by meV adsorption kinetics, penetrate several hundred lattice layers into the cathode metal. These nuclei absorb into the metal until its capacity C (nt) saturates. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=383 | ||
| 3383 | Journal Article | Ragland, E. | 1994 | A cold fusion technology assessment. Part I - Preliminary Report | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, \'Frontiers of Cold Fusion\', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 649 | A cold fusion technology assessment. Part I - Preliminary Report | review | ||||||||
| 3384 | Conference Proceedings | Ragland, E. | 1996 | Triode cell experiments for controlled Fleischmann/Pons effect | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 540 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Triode cell experiments for controlled Fleischmann/Pons effect | excess heat, triode | Experimental research and evaluation of three electrode (triode) cold fusion electrolysis cells is reported herein. Apparatus development began, after patent application, 05 June 1995. The triode apparatus introduces controlled loading and operation of Fleischmann/Pons-type (F/P) cells. In August 1995 excess heat generation was observed in initial triode apparatus experiments conducted by Dr. Dennis Cravens in his New Mexico laboratory. In November 1995 the Boiler Works laboratory in Diamondhead began experimental evaluation of the triode apparatus. A series of experiments in December, January and February led to development of a functioning triode fusion reactor. The reactor was put into operation 20 March 1996 and operated continuously until 23 August 1996. Over the five months of operation of the reactor several experiments were preformed and over 65,000 data pOints were recorded. This data base is being applied in further triode apparatus developments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=139 | |||
| 3385 | Book Section | Raj, P., Suryanarayana, P., Sathyamoorthy, A., Datta, T. | 1989 | Search for Nuclear Fusion in Gas Phase Deuteriding of Titanium Metal | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Search for Nuclear Fusion in Gas Phase Deuteriding of Titanium Metal | Ti, neutron, D2 | The possibility of D-D nuclear fusion in some deuterium-metal systems, under ambient conditions, has aroused feverish worldwide interest. Most of the work reported, so far, concerns deuterium charging of Pd metal through electrolysis of D2O. In the Chemistry Division, we have carried out some experiments on the deuteriding behaviour of Ti metal, through gaseous route, in the absorption as well as desorption modes, with the view to look for the fusion products, neutrons in the present case. These kinds of experiments have been reported by Frascatti Group in Italy. These authors detected neutron emission lasting over a period of several hours. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RajPsearchforn.pdf | |||
| 3386 | Journal Article | Rajagopalan, S. R. | 1989 | Cold fusion produces more tritium than neutrons | Curr. Sci., Vol = 58 | Cold fusion produces more tritium than neutrons | theory, review | ||||||||
| 3387 | Journal Article | Rajan, K. G., Mudali, U. K., Dayal, R. K., Rodriguez, P. | 1991 | Electromigration approach to verify cold fusion effects | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Electromigration approach to verify cold fusion effects | electromigration, titanium, neutron, tritium, film | ||||||||
| 3388 | Journal Article | Rajeev, K. P., Gaur, D. | 2017 | Evidence for Nuclear Transmutations in Ni-Pt Electrolysis | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Evidence for Nuclear Transmutations in Ni-Pt Electrolysis | Electrolysis, LENR, Ni?? systems, Transmutation | We report an easily reproducible Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) electrolysis experiment on an Ni?? system. An electrolytic cell with a Ni cathode and a Pt anode with an aqueous (H2O not D2O) solution of K2CO3 as electrolyte was used for the experiment. A dc-power supply capable of supplying up to 5 A current was used to drive the electrolysis with the typical current being around 4 A and the applied voltage about 100 V. After running the electrolysis for about two weeks with a daily run time of 8 h on an average, a part of the nickel electrode, which by this time had become black, was taken for elemental analysis using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The EDS analysis showed that a whole host of new elements had appeared on the cathode such as: K, Fe, Cu, O, Rh, Zr and Pb. The apparent concentration of the elements varied from just over a percent for K and Pb to about 10% for Rh and 20% for Cu. The sample was then taken to a Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer (ToF-SIMS) for isotopic analysis. This analysis also showed that a set of new elements had appeared on the nickel wire which were: K, Si, Mg, Mn, Zn, O & Rh. The Ni itself was found to have the following isotopes: 58Ni, 60Ni and 62Ni with isotope concentration ratios differing significantly from the ratio found in naturally occurring Ni. It was clear that in the electrolyzed Ni the concentrations of 60Ni and 62Ni had gone down compared to the concentration of 58Ni. This is a clear indication that nuclear reactions had taken place during electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=290 | ||||||
| 3389 | Conference Proceedings | Ramamurthy, H., Srinivasan, M., Mukherjee, U. K., Adi Babu, P. | 1993 | Further Studies on Excess Heat Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 15 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Further Studies on Excess Heat Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells | H2O, heat+, tritium+, Ni, K2CO3, Na2CO3, Li2CO3, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 3390 | Personal Communication | Ramarao, P. | 2020 | Generation of Excess Energy with (Ni+Pd) +H2/D2 system | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 15 | Rothwell, J. | LENR-CANR.org | Generation of Excess Energy with (Ni+Pd) +H2/D2 system | Excess heat | Centre for Energy Research (CER) at Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA) which is a deemed-to-be University at Bangalore, India started its research on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) in 2015. The team at CER tried different designs of custom made reactors and has so far carried out more than 200 experiments with various combinations of the active materials like Nickel (Ni), Palladium (Pd) with Lithium Aluminium Hydride (LAH), Lithium and Hydrogen (H2)/Deuterium (D2) gas at different conditions. Extensive studies and work was also carried out on instrumentation and data Acquisition to capture the phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RamaraoPgeneration.pdf | ||||
| 3391 | Conference Proceedings | Rambaut, M. | 1992 | Lawson Criterion Made Obsolete by Cold Fusion through the Double Screening Process | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 601 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Lawson Criterion Made Obsolete by Cold Fusion through the Double Screening Process | theory, screening, ICCF-3 | It is shown that the same phenomenon has been observed in cold fusion and also in other rather different experiments. The necessity to take into account the electron participation in nuclear fusion process in dense media is ensuing from this result. It implies that the fusion reaction rate, necessary for obtaining the Lawson criterion in the thermonuclear case, is not any valid for those experiments: so a new formula is proposed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=337 | ||
| 3392 | Journal Article | Rambaut, M. | 1992 | Double screened Coulomb barrier accounts for neutrons productions in cluster and other fusion experiments | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 164 | Double screened Coulomb barrier accounts for neutrons productions in cluster and other fusion experiments | theory | ||||||||
| 3393 | Journal Article | Rambaut, M. | 1994 | Account of Cold Fusion by Screening and Harmonic Oscillator Resonance | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 486 | Account of Cold Fusion by Screening and Harmonic Oscillator Resonance | theory | ||||||||
| 3394 | Conference Proceedings | Rambaut, M. | 1995 | Experimental Evidences for the Harmonic Oscillator Resonance and Electron Accumulation Model of Cold Fusion | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 623 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monac | April 9-13, 1995 | Experimental Evidences for the Harmonic Oscillator Resonance and Electron Accumulation Model of Cold Fusion | Theory, resonance, ICCF-5 | Cold Fusion outside any substratum is again considered from the Harmonic oscillator resonance and electron accumulation (HOREA) model point of view. If one adds Fractal theory, one gets a more straigthforward agreement with the experimental growth of fusion burst after the apex I of a fast current, and varying approximately like the tenth power I^10. Then it is shown that the model could account for the solar neutrino discrepancy. The paper ends up by a short reminder of two experimental data, in agreement with the HOREA point of view: experimentally noticed Electron accumulations, and Top-Table soft X-ray Laser operation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=430 | ||
| 3395 | Conference Proceedings | Rambaut, M. | 2004 | Electrons clusters and magnetic monopoles | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Electrons clusters and magnetic monopoles | theory | |||||||
| 3396 | Journal Article | Rangarajan, S. K. | 1989 | Electrochemically induced cold fusion? A commentary | Curr. Sci., Vol = 58 | Electrochemically induced cold fusion? A commentary | discussion | ||||||||
| 3397 | Conference Proceedings | Ransford, H. E., Pike, S. J. | 1993 | Apparatus for Safely ExtendingCold Fusion Investigations to High Temperature, Pressure and Input Power Regimes | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 20 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Apparatus for Safely ExtendingCold Fusion Investigations to High Temperature, Pressure and Input Power Regimes | heat, method, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3398 | Journal Article | Ransford, H. E. | 1994 | Apparatus for Safely Extending Cold Fusion Investigations to High Temperature, Pressure and Input Power Regimes | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 78 | Apparatus for Safely Extending Cold Fusion Investigations to High Temperature, Pressure and Input Power Regimes | heat, method | ||||||||
| 3399 | Journal Article | Ransford, H. E. | 1999 | Non-Stellar nucleosynthesis: Transition metal production by DC plasma-discharge electrolysis using carbon electrodes in a non-metallic cell | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 23, Page = 16 | Non-Stellar nucleosynthesis: Transition metal production by DC plasma-discharge electrolysis using carbon electrodes in a non-metallic cell | transmutation, plasma discharge, H2O | ||||||||
| 3400 | Journal Article | Rant, J., Ilic, R., Skvarc, J., Sutej, T., Budnar, M., Miklavzic, U. | 1990 | Methods for in-situ detection of cold fusion in condensed matter | Kerntechnik, Vol = 55 | Methods for in-situ detection of cold fusion in condensed matter | particle emission, method | ||||||||
| 3401 | Book Section | Rao, K. A. | 1989 | Technique for Concentration of Helium in Electrolytic Gases for Cold Fusion Studies | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Technique for Concentration of Helium in Electrolytic Gases for Cold Fusion Studies | Helium | 1500 | ||||
| 3402 | Journal Article | Rao, K. R., Chaplot, S. L. | 1996 | Computer experiments concerning palladium-deuterium and titanium-deuterium lattices - implications to phenomenon of low-energy nuclear reaction | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Computer experiments concerning palladium-deuterium and titanium-deuterium lattices - implications to phenomenon of low-energy nuclear reaction | Theory, lattice fluctuations | ||||||||
| 3403 | Journal Article | Ratkje, S. K., Hafskjold, B. | 1989 | Local heat effects by electrolysis of heavy water | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 273 | Local heat effects by electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, critique | ||||||||
| 3404 | Journal Article | Ray, M. K. S., Saini, R. D., Das, D., Chattopadhyay, G., Parthasarathy, R., Garg, S. P., Venkataramani, R., Sen, B. K., Iyengar, T. S., Kutty, K. K., Wagh, D. N., Bajpai, H. N., Iyer, C. S. P. | 1992 | The Fleischmann-Pons phenomenon - a different perspective | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | The Fleischmann-Pons phenomenon - a different perspective | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, neutron, heat | ||||||||
| 3405 | Journal Article | Redey, L., Myles, K. M., Dees, D., Krumpelt, M., Vissers, D. R. | 1990 | Calorimetric measurements on electrochemical cells with Pd-D cathodes | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 249 | Calorimetric measurements on electrochemical cells with Pd-D cathodes | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, tritium, H/D | ||||||||
| 3406 | Journal Article | Rees, L. B. | 1991 | Cold Fusion: What Do We Know? What Do We Think? | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 10, Num = 1, Page = 111 | Cold Fusion: What Do We Know? What Do We Think? | muon, tritium, history, theory, critique | ||||||||
| 3407 | Journal Article | Rehm, K. E., Kutschera, W., Perlow, G. J. | 1990 | Search for protons from the 2H(d,p)3H reaction in an electrolytic cell with palladium-platinum electrodes | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 1, Page = 45 | Search for protons from the 2H(d,p)3H reaction in an electrolytic cell with palladium-platinum electrodes | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, particle emission | ||||||||
| 3408 | Journal Article | Reifenschweiler, O. | 1994 | Reduced radioactivity of tritium in small titanium particles | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 184 | Reduced radioactivity of tritium in small titanium particles | titanium tritium, reduced radioactivity | By heating a TiT0.0035 preparation consisting of extremely small monocrystalline particles (diameter ≈ 15 nm) a decrease of the radioactivity by 40% was observed. In further experiments the concentration of tritium in such preparations was varied (TiTx experiments) showing that the radioactivity of the tritium increased less than proportionally to its concentration. Careful analysis of the experiments seems to rule out the possibility of trivial errors. A provisional hypothetical explanation is formulated. Our experiments may point to a connection with cold DD-fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Reifenschwreducedrad.pdf | ||||||
| 3409 | Conference Proceedings | Reifenschweiler, O. | 1995 | Some Experiments on the Decrease of Radioactivity of Tritium Sorbed by Titanium | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 163 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Some Experiments on the Decrease of Radioactivity of Tritium Sorbed by Titanium | titanium, Tritium, half-life, reduced radioactivity | A sharp decrease of the radioactivity of tritium was observed when the hydrogen isotope is sorbed by small monocrystalline particles of titanium and the preparation is heated to several hundred degrees centigrade. In other experiments the concentration of tritium in such preparations was varied, showing that the radioactivity of the tritium increased less than proportionally to its concentration. A first attempt is presented to explain these remarkable effects in terms of a 'nuclear pair hypothesis'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Reifenschwsomeexperi.pdf | ||
| 3410 | Journal Article | Reifenschweiler, O. | 1996 | Some experiments on the decrease of tritium radioactivity | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Some experiments on the decrease of tritium radioactivity Reifenschweiler here reports in great detail what appears to be his work of many years ago, not published until recently in a short note, now fully. A large glass bulb is vacuum coated with Ti on its inside surface, tritium allowed in to form the tritide, and the gas pumped out. A temperature program is applied, and the radiation from the tritide layer goes down markedly, before tritium has escaped from the layer (checked by monitoring pressure changes). The author connects these puzzling findings with cold fusion but cannot explain them. | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity, Ti | Experiments claiming a sharp decrease in the radioactivity of tritium incorporated in small monocrystalline particles of titanium have been reported and are described here in more detail. Additional evaluation provides a high degree of evidence for the decrease in the radioactivity of tritium. A first attempt is made to explain this remarkable effect in terms of a 'nuclear pair hypothesis.' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Reifenschwsomeexperia.pdf | ||||||
| 3411 | Journal Article | Reifenschweiler, O. | 1997 | About the possibility of decreased radioactivity of heavy nuclei | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | About the possibility of decreased radioactivity of heavy nuclei | theory, radioactivity, reduced | ||||||||
| 3412 | Manuscript | Reifenschweiler, O. | 2003 | Cold Fusion and Decrease of Tritium Radioactivity | LENR-CANR.org | Cold Fusion and Decrease of Tritium Radioactivity | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity | In recent papers (1, 2, 3, 4) the author has deduced from experiments with tritium (5) that during heating of a TiT0.0035 -preparation and of a TiT0.0035-preparation the radioactivity of the tritium decreased strongly. This strange effect was distinctly confirmed by the observation that with the TiT0.0035-preparation the radioactivity decreased 12.5 times stronger than the release of tritium (2,3,4). A quite independent proof of the strong decrease of λ of tritium could be obtained by a thermodynamic evaluation of the heating experiment with the TiT0.0035-preparation: Assuming that λ of tritium decreases to zero or nearly zero in a part of the tritons enables the determination of the number of tritons with normal λ, nT and the number of tritons with λ ≈ 0 nTo, both as a function of temperature. Then quite surprising nT and nTo follow the laws of chemical equilibria in distinct parts of the experimental A = f(T)-function. From this unexpected result the decrease of tritium radioactivity is definitely proved once again (6). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Reifenschwcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 3413 | Journal Article | Reifenschweiler, O. | 2004 | Further Evidence of the Decrease of Tritium Radioactivity by a Thermodynamic Evaluation of a Heat Experiment | Infinite Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 54, Page = 14 | Further Evidence of the Decrease of Tritium Radioactivity by a Thermodynamic Evaluation of a Heat Experiment | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity | ||||||||
| 3414 | Conference Proceedings | Ren, X. Z., Li, X. Z. | 2002 | Factors affecting hydrogen (deuterium) flux through a thin palladium film | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Factors affecting hydrogen (deuterium) flux through a thin palladium film 4036 | diffusion, flux, deuterium, D, H, Pd, Ni, electrolysis | |||||
| 3415 | Conference Proceedings | Ricco, G., Anghinolfi, M., Corvisiero, P., Prati, P., Taiuti, M., Boragno, C., Eggenhoffner, R., Valbusa, U. | 1991 | A Large Solid Angle MultiParameter Neutron Detector | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 255 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | A Large Solid Angle MultiParameter Neutron Detector | neutron, apparatus, method, ICCF-2 | We present the results of recent measurements, performed in general with a novel neutron detector, on some titanium-deuterium systems. In spite of the good detector sensitivity, better of the one claimed by Jones and co-workers, no neutron emission was found. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=270 | ||
| 3416 | Report | Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S., Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J. | 1989 | The Effect of Velocity Distribution on Cold Deuterium-Deuterium Fusion | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, \'The Science of Cold Fusion\', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 255 | The Effect of Velocity Distribution on Cold Deuterium-Deuterium Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 3417 | Conference Proceedings | Rice, R. A., Chulick, G. S., Kim, Y. E. | 1990 | The Effect of Velocity Distribution and Electron Screening on Cold Fusion | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 185 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | The Effect of Velocity Distribution and Electron Screening on Cold Fusion | theory, ICCF-1 | It is demonstrated that electron screening, in combination with a particle velocity distribution, greatly enhances the cross sections and reaction rates for deuteron-deuteron (D-D) and proton-deuteron (p-D) fusion for low kinetic energies (E <= 20 e V, center of mass frame). Jr D fusion rates are shown to be comparable to D-D fusion rates for E ~ 10 eV, so that in electrolysis experiments with equal amounts of H and D, p-D fusion should compete with D-D fusion as a reaction mechanism. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=204 | ||
| 3418 | Journal Article | Rice, R. A., Chulik, G. S., Kim, Y. E., Yoon, J. H. | 1990 | The role of velocity distribution in cold deuterium-deuterium fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | The role of velocity distribution in cold deuterium-deuterium fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 3419 | Conference Proceedings | Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E., Rabinowitz, M., Zubarev, A. L. | 1994 | Comments on exotic chemistry models and deep Dirac states for cold fusion | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 1 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Comments on exotic chemistry models and deep Dirac states for cold fusion | theory resonance, Gamow | Several models are examined in which it is claimed that cold fusion is the result either of tight binding of the electrons in H isotope atoms or molecules, or of an electron-H isotope resonance which allows a higher probability of Coulomb barrier penetration. In the case of models in which the electron is tightly bound to the H isotope atom, we show that states below the most deeply bound (-16.39 eV) are impossible in principle. We also present evidence against the possibility of the existence of electron-H isotope resonances. Finally, a lower bound is found for the binding energy of H isotope molecules which is above that calculated in the tightly bound electron-H isotope models. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RiceRAcommentsona.pdf | ||||
| 3420 | Journal Article | Rice, R. A., Kim, Y. E. | 1994 | Comments on 'Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Comments on 'Electron transitions on deep Dirac levels I' | theory, critique, Maly | ||||||||
| 3421 | Journal Article | Rice-Evans, P., Evans, H. | 1990 | Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion | Eur. J. Phys., Vol = 11 | Search for neutrons from cold nuclear fusion | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 3422 | Journal Article | Richards, P. M. | 1989 | Molecular-Dynamics Investigation of Deuterium Separation in PdD1.1 | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 11, Page = 7966 | Molecular-Dynamics Investigation of Deuterium Separation in PdD1.1 | theory, D/Pd, distance, lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 3423 | Journal Article | Richards, P. M. | 1989 | Molecular-dynamics investigation of deuteron separation in PdD1.1 | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40 | Molecular-dynamics investigation of deuteron separation in PdD1.1 | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 3424 | Journal Article | Rieker, A., Speiser, B., Mangold, K. M., Hanack, M. | 1991 | Potential error sources in combined electrochemistry/neutron detection experiments | Z. Naturforsch. A, Vol = 46B | Potential error sources in combined electrochemistry/neutron detection experiments | electrolysis, Pd D2O neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 3425 | Journal Article | Riesterer, T. | 1984 | On the Hydrogen Site Occupation in Hydrides of Intermetallics | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 103 | On the Hydrogen Site Occupation in Hydrides of Intermetallics | Zr-V, enthalpy, thermodynamic, H2 | ||||||||
| 3426 | Journal Article | Riesterer, T., Osterwalder, J., Schlapbach, L. | 1985 | Inverse Photoemission from PdH0.65 | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 32 | Inverse Photoemission from PdH0.65 | PdH, density Of States, photoemission | ||||||||
| 3427 | Journal Article | Riley, A. M., Seader, J. D., Pershing, D. W. | 1992 | An in-situ volumetric method for dynamically measuring the absorption of deuterium in palladium during electrolysis | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 139 | An in-situ volumetric method for dynamically measuring the absorption of deuterium in palladium during electrolysis | loading, Pd, method, review, diffusion | ||||||||
| 3428 | Book | Riley, D., McLaughlin, M. | 2001 | Turning thre corner: Energy solutions for the 21st century | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 139 | Alternative Energy Institute, Inc. | Tahoe City, CA | Turning thre corner: Energy solutions for the 21st century | review energy | 0-9673118-2-9 | |||||
| 3429 | Journal Article | Ritchie, B. | 2013 | Compatibility of Hydrino States and Quantum Mechanics | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | Compatibility of Hydrino States and Quantum Mechanics | Dirac equation, Hydrino states, Klein-Gordon equation | Rathke's assertion [New J. Phys. 7 (2005) 127] that states with binding energy and size below those of known literature values are incompatible with quantum mechanics is corrected by reviewing the analytically known Coulomb solution of the Klein-Gordon equation with binding energy of order mc2 and size of order of the Compton wavelength. This is an example of a quantum state, which is mathematically acceptable in the sense of being square integrable and having a finite binding energy but yet is rejected as unphysical due in part to the point-nucleus nature of the model. Then the Dirac equation is studied for the existence of states which are similarly mathematically acceptable but whose physical acceptability requires physical judgment. States of Landau symmetry are found which meet these criteria. The existence of states of ambiguous physical interpretation for both the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations depends on using a point-nucleus versus a finite-nucleus potential model. On using a realistic model for the charge distribution of the proton, a Klein-Gordon state is found in the binding range of 5 keV, but no state is found for the Dirac equation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=106 | ||||||
| 3430 | Journal Article | Ritchie, B. | 2013 | Neutrino Equation of Motion and Neutrino?lectron Bound Pairs in LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | Neutrino Equation of Motion and Neutrino?lectron Bound Pairs in LENR | Electron, Neutrino, Nucleon, Positron, W-boson | The long-established electron-capture reaction e- +p+ = n +? may be considered to be a prototype reaction in the nascent ?eld of physics known as low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) since it involves an interface between electron and atomic physics (EAP) on the left-hand side and nuclear physics on the right-hand side of the reaction. It is a form of inverse beta decay n = p+ +e- +?, which is understood using a conceptual and mathematical methodology (forces mediated by the exchange of bosons known as force carriers and speci?cally for beta decay the W- boson as the force carrier for the electroweak force) which is totally foreign to EAP but well-supported by copious nuclear experimental data. Since no such established experimental database exists in LENR, an equation of motion (EOM) is proposed for the neutrino in analogy to Dirac's equation, which is the EOM for the electron. The combined electron and neutrino EOM's support temporary neutrino-electron binding and discover the mass and length scales of a nucleon on an ab initio basis. It is believed that the bound pair is a form of W boson, symbolized here by W? s for binding of a neutrino to a positron or electron (?) and for spin (s) equal to 0 or 1. It is also believed that W? bosons may be useful as building blocks in constructing models in the LENR regime which may be physically equivalent to quarks and the known W? boson in the high-energy regime. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=46 | ||||||
| 3431 | Conference Proceedings | Ritley, K. A., Wiesmann, H., Dull, P. M., Lynn, K. G., Weber, M. | 1990 | A Search for Cold Fusion Signatures in Cathodically Charged Palladium | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 61 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | A Search for Cold Fusion Signatures in Cathodically Charged Palladium | Pd, D2O, neutron, tritium, ICCF-8 | |||||
| 3432 | Journal Article | Ritley, K. A., Dull, P. M., Weber, M. H., Carroll, M., Hurst, J. J., Lynn, K. G. | 1990 | The behavior of electrochemical cell resistance: a possible application to cold fusion experiments | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | The behavior of electrochemical cell resistance: a possible application to cold fusion experiments | critique, resistance | ||||||||
| 3433 | Journal Article | Ritley, K. A., Lynn, K. G., Dull, P. M., Weber, M. H., Carroll, M., Hurst, J. J. | 1991 | A search for tritium production in electrolytically deuterided palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19, Num = 1, Page = 192 | A search for tritium production in electrolytically deuterided palladium | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, H2O, tritium, Helium | ||||||||
| 3434 | Magazine Article | Ritter, S. K. | 2016 | Cold fusion died 25 years ago, but the research lives on | C&EN, Vol = 94, Num = 44, Page = 34-39 | Cold fusion died 25 years ago, but the research lives on | |||||||||
| 3435 | Journal Article | Rittner, E. S., Meulenberg, A. | 1990 | A chemical interpretation of heat generated in 'cold fusion' | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | A chemical interpretation of heat generated in 'cold fusion' | critique, heat, recombination | ||||||||
| 3436 | Journal Article | Roarty, B., Walker, C. | 2013 | Protocol for a Silicate-based LENR Using Electrodes of Various Metals | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 10 | Protocol for a Silicate-based LENR Using Electrodes of Various Metals | Gold, Heat transients, LENR, Lithium silicate, Palladium | This paper reports a protocol that consists of applying concurrent electronic and photonic stimuli in a cell with two or more electrodes at or near the boiling point of the liquid. The liquid in the cell is a solution including a silicate, a lithium salt, and a surfactant. The electrical stimuli are RF signals and, optionally, a direct current. The protocol generates an exothermic reaction characterized by sharp temperature transients. We have successfully used three different silicates and four different metals for electrodes. We believe the exothermic reaction is nuclear in nature. The evidence supporting that statement includes: * Data logs show brief, intense temperature transients. * Electron diffraction scattering (EDS) analyses show elements to be present after the reaction that could be transmutation products of several elements in the ingredients of the protocol, specifically including silver, a possible transmutation product of palladium. * Auger analysis of one experiment also shows evidence of transmutation of the elements in the reaction cell. * SEM photos show 'volcanic sites' and other evidence of metal migration. * Other SEM photos show large areas where electrodes have spalled during experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedi.pdf#page=35 | ||||||
| 3437 | Journal Article | Roberts, D. A., Becchetti, F. D., Ben-Jacob, E., Garik, P., Musser, J., Orr, B., Tarle, G., Tomasch, A., Holder, J.S., Redina, D., Heuser, B., Wicker, G. | 1990 | Energy and flux limits of cold fusion neutrons using a deuterated liquid scintillator | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 42 | Energy and flux limits of cold fusion neutrons using a deuterated liquid scintillator | neutron, method, electrolysis, Pd | ||||||||
| 3438 | Journal Article | Roberts, D. A., Becchetti, F. D., Ashktorab, K., Stewart, D., Jaenecke, J., Gustafson, H. R., Dueweke, M. J. | 1992 | Deuterated liquid scintillator (NE230) as a fast neutron detector for cold- fusion and other research | IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., Vol = 39, Num = 4, Page = 532 | Deuterated liquid scintillator (NE230) as a fast neutron detector for cold- fusion and other research | neutron, method, titanium, electrolysis, Pd, D2 | ||||||||
| 3439 | Journal Article | Robinson, G. W. | 1998 | Could cold fusion be caused by non-maxwell distributions? | IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., Vol = 39, Num = 4, Page = 532 | Could cold fusion be caused by non-maxwell distributions? | theory | ||||||||
| 3440 | Journal Article | Rock, P. A., Fink, W. H., McQuarrie, D. A., Volman, D. H., Hung, Y. F. | 1990 | Energy balance in the electrolysis of water with a palladium cathode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 293 | Energy balance in the electrolysis of water with a palladium cathode | review, loading, phase diagram, enthalpy of formation, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 3441 | Conference Proceedings | Rodionov, B, Savvatimova, I. | 2005 | Unusual Structures On The Material Surfaces Irradiated By Low Energy Ions | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Unusual Structures On The Material Surfaces Irradiated By Low Energy Ions | glow discharge | Some unusual structures on the surface of metals and films (various x-ray films and nuclear emulsions) caused by exposure to bombardment by low-energy ions in glow discharge plasma, in electrolysis and other low-energy processes (when energy of particles doesn? exceed several keV) have been found. The mechanism and model of the strange tracks formations and explanation of their structure change are suggested. Neutrino-Dineutron Reactions (Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Induced By D2 Gas Permeation Through Pd Complexes. Y. Iwamura Effect) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RodionovBunusualstr.pdf | ||||
| 3442 | Journal Article | Roessler, O. E., Becker, J., Hoffmann, M., Nadler, W. | 1989 | Fermi gas like hypothesis for Fleischmann-Pons experiments | Z. Naturforsch. A, Vol = 44 | Fermi gas like hypothesis for Fleischmann-Pons experiments | theory, Pauli | ||||||||
| 3443 | Journal Article | Roessler, O. E., Becker, J., Hoffmann, M., Nadler, W. | 1989 | Fermi Gas Like Hypothesis for Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | Z. Nature. A, Vol = 44 | Fermi Gas Like Hypothesis for Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | theory | ||||||||
| 3444 | Journal Article | Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M. | 1989 | Isotopic hydrogen fusion in metals | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Isotopic hydrogen fusion in metals | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, theory | ||||||||
| 3445 | Journal Article | Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M., Nielson, K. K. | 1989 | Deuterium concentration and cold fusion rate distributions in palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Deuterium concentration and cold fusion rate distributions in palladium | critique, theory, method | ||||||||
| 3446 | Journal Article | Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M. | 1990 | Cold fusion reaction products and their measurement | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Cold fusion reaction products and their measurement | gamma emission, tritium, method, critique | ||||||||
| 3447 | Journal Article | Rogers, V. C., Sandquist, G. M. | 1990 | Isotopic Hydrogen Fusion in Metals | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 483 | Isotopic Hydrogen Fusion in Metals | gamma emission neutron method | ||||||||
| 3448 | Conference Proceedings | Rolison, D. R., O'Grady, W. E., Doyle, Jr., R. J., Trzaskoma, P. P. | 1990 | Anomalies in the Surface Analysis of Deuterated Palladium | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 272 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Anomalies in the Surface Analysis of Deuterated Palladium | Pd, surface analysis, micrographs, PdD, ICCF-1 | The surface and near-surface analytical characterization of thin palladium foils after the electrolysis of H2O or D2O was performed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution mass spectrometry, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These surface characterizations revealed a number of anomalous results, as summarized below. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RolisonDRanomaliesi.pdf | ||
| 3449 | Journal Article | Rolison, D. R., Trzaskoma, P. P. | 1990 | Morphological differences between hydrogen-loaded and deuterium-loaded palladium as observed by scanning electron microscopy | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 287 | Morphological differences between hydrogen-loaded and deuterium-loaded palladium as observed by scanning electron microscopy | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, H2O, surface analysis, lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 3450 | Journal Article | Rolison, D. R., O'Grady, W. E. | 1991 | Observation of elemental anomalies at the surface of palladium after electrochemical loading of deuterium or hydrogen | Anal. Chem., Vol = 63 | Observation of elemental anomalies at the surface of palladium after electrochemical loading of deuterium or hydrogen | Pd, surface analysis, transmutation, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3451 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Timofeev, Yu. | 1992 | Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 307 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter | theory, ICCF-3 | On the basis of the analysis of the energy lost by a fast particle and a solid it is supposed that the most probable energy range for the reactions of nuclear fusion in the condensed media is in the range of the reduced energy of the interacting particles from E0 to E2 (~(10-400 * 16 * 10^-19 J for D-D reactions) . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=54 | ||
| 3452 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Elksnin, V., Skuratnik, Ya. B. | 1993 | Reproducibility of Tritium Generation From Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 15 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Reproducibility of Tritium Generation From Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | W, Nb, Gas Discharge, tritium, D2, theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3453 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Korneev, S., Skuratni, Y. | 1993 | Concept of Target Material Choice for Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Media | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 22 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Concept of Target Material Choice for Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Media | Gas Discharge, theory, method, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3454 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Ya. B., Majorov, V. N. | 1996 | The nuclear reactions in condensed media for interaction of charge particles in energy region is forming by maximum elastic losses | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 340 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | The nuclear reactions in condensed media for interaction of charge particles in energy region is forming by maximum elastic losses | gas discharge, heat, tritium, transmutation, He, ICCF-6 | The main requirments to produce the generation of nuclear reactions in condensed media (NRCM), have been identified which appear to influence the interaction of fast hydrogen ions with a solid target in a powerful plasma glow discharge. Phenomena of the three branches of physics have contributed to this work: nuclear physics, solid state physics and low-energy plasma physics, and have in turn opened a new direction in fundamental research. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=355 | |||
| 3455 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik , Ya. B. | 1996 | Tritium generations at transfusion of hydrogen isotopes through target in plasma of powerful glow discharge | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 585 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Tritium generations at transfusion of hydrogen isotopes through target in plasma of powerful glow discharge | glow discharge | The valuation on influence of formation hydrogen complexes for tritium generation rate, by means of use the flow return of gas in side to plasma is conducted. Is shown, that deuterium transfusion through sample in plasma for V, Nb, Ta has not rendered the appreciable influence on tritium generation rate. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=186 | |||
| 3456 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik , Ya. B. | 1996 | Nuclear reactions at effect of ions deuterium on ceramic materials from plasmas of glow discharge | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 590 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Nuclear reactions at effect of ions deuterium on ceramic materials from plasmas of glow discharge | glow discharge | The high mechanical properties at increased temperatures permit to consider the ceramic materials as perspective, for targets . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=191 | |||
| 3457 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Y., Majorov, V. N. | 1998 | Tritium Generations in Metals at Thermal Activation | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 319 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Tritium Generations in Metals at Thermal Activation | tritium, hydrogen, gas, H2, ICCF-7 | The researches of thermo-activated tritium generation is conducted, arising at high temperature in metals interacting with hydrogen isotopes and the nature of this generation is discovered. The researches are conducted on samples of iron and its alloys as well as on samples of titanium and niobium at interation, basically, with ordinary hydrogen. It is established, that the short-term bursts of tritium generation, arising at interaction of hydrogen isotopes in which is immersed, previously heated up metal sample, are connected with output tritium, early accumulated, owing of effects isotopes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=319 | ||
| 3458 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Y., Yuriev, M. | 1998 | High-Temperature Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Media | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 325 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | High-Temperature Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Media | tritium, ion bombardment H2, Fe-Cr-Ni-Ti ICCF-7 | The research of tritium generation was conducted at radiation of rotating metal samples by plasma of powerful glow discharge on hydrogen isotopes. The new phenomenon of shift for maximum temperature in direction of rotation of metal sample, on relation to discharge axis on hydrogen isotopes is found out. This shift testifies about excess heat at increased temperatures, which can be connected with irreversible process (for example by nuclear reactions or reactions with formations of heavy complexes). The mechanism of low energy nuclear reactians in condensed media (NRCM) is offered, one of certificates for existence which should be the registration of X-ray radiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=325 | ||
| 3459 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Savin, V. I., Skuratnik, Y., Yuriev, M. | 1998 | Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Media and X-ray | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 330 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion | April 19-24, 1998 | Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Media and X-ray | x-ray, tritium, ion bombardment, H2, ICCF-7 | The st:udy of tritium generation in nature in second, slowed down stage is conducted, and the registration of x-ray is executed, which can arise at interaction of hydrogen isotopes in metal with thermal activation. It is shown, that second, slowed down stage of tritium accumulation in gas at long interaction of hydrogen isotopes with heated up sample can be connected with nuclear reactions since it is experimentally shown, that at interaction of heated up metal samples with hydrogen isotopes the tritium concentration in gas was decreases for reason of tritium transition in sample, stipulated by isotope effects. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=330 | ||
| 3460 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Khokhlov, N. I., Pokrovsky, A. K. | 2000 | Registration of Superfluous Heat at Sorbtion-Desorbtion of Hydrogen in Metals | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 259 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Registration of Superfluous Heat at Sorbtion-Desorbtion of Hydrogen in Metals | Ni, Nb, H2, heat+, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 3461 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A., Skuratnik , Ya. B., Pokrovsky, A. K. | 2000 | Generation of Tritium for Deuterium Interaction with Metals | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 265 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Generation of Tritium for Deuterium Interaction with Metals | Zr, H2, tritium, Ta, D2, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 3462 | Conference Proceedings | Romodanov, V. A. | 2003 | Tritium Generation From The Interaction Of A Glow Discharge Plasma With Metals And With A Magnetic Field | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Tritium Generation From The Interaction Of A Glow Discharge Plasma With Metals And With A Magnetic Field | glow discharge, magnetic field, tritium | We present results of our research on tritium generation through the bombardment of the surface of various metals by accelerated ions of hydrogen isotopes from a glow discharge plasma, with and without a magnetic field. The introduction of a magnetic field perpendicular to the sample surface results in an increase in the tritium activity, and in the tritium generation rate, of almost two orders of magnitude as compared to similar experiments run with no magnetic field. The largest tritium generation rates observed were obtained with the glow discharge operating in a magnetic field, and were in the range 109-1010 atom/s. This is higher than our background by three to four orders of magnitude. The use of a magnetic field has resulted in good reproducibility, and the development of a reliable tritium generation rate of about 1010 atom/s for tantalum, tungsten, and platinum. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RomodanovVtritiumgena.pdf | |||
| 3463 | Journal Article | Rosamilia, J. M., Abys, J. A., Miller, B. | 1991 | Electrochemical hydrogen insertion into palladium and palladium-nickel thin films | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 36 | Electrochemical hydrogen insertion into palladium and palladium-nickel thin films | loading, Pd, Pd-Ni | ||||||||
| 3464 | Journal Article | Rosen, G. | 1989 | Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 91, Num = 7, Page = 4415 | Deuterium nuclear fusion at room temperature: a pertinent inequality on barrier penetration | theory | ||||||||
| 3465 | Journal Article | Rosen, G. | 1990 | Groundstate thermalization of hydrogen isotopes in certain metals: enhancement of p+d and d+d nuclear fusion rates by Bethe-Bloch polarization | Hadronic J., Vol = 13 | Groundstate thermalization of hydrogen isotopes in certain metals: enhancement of p+d and d+d nuclear fusion rates by Bethe-Bloch polarization | theory | ||||||||
| 3466 | Journal Article | Ross, K., Bennington, S. M. | 1989 | Solid state fusion (?) | Physics World, Vol = 2 | Solid state fusion (?) | review | ||||||||
| 3467 | Patent | Rossi, A. | 2009 | Method And Apparatus For Carrying Out Nickel And Hydrogen Exothermal Reactions WO 2009/125444 | Physics World, Vol = 2 | World Intellectual Property Organization | Method And Apparatus For Carrying Out Nickel And Hydrogen Exothermal Reactions WO 2009/125444 | A method and apparatus for carrying out highly efficient exothermal reaction between nickel and hydrogen atoms in a tube, preferably, though not necessary, a metal tube filled by a nickel powder and heated to a high temperature, preferably, though not necessary, from 150 to 5000C are herein disclosed. In the inventive apparatus, hydrogen is injected into the metal tube containing a highly pressurized nickel powder having a pressure, preferably though not necessarily, from 2 to 20 bars. | WO 2009/125444 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RossiAmethodanda.pdf | ||||||
| 3468 | Patent | Rossi, A. | 2011 | Method And Apparatus For Carrying Out Nickel And Hydrogen Exothermal Reactions US 2011/0005506 | Physics World, Vol = 2 | United States Patent Application Publication | Method And Apparatus For Carrying Out Nickel And Hydrogen Exothermal Reactions US 2011/0005506 | A method and apparatus for carrying out highly efficient exothermal reaction between nickel and hydrogen atoms in a tube, preferably, though not necessary, a metal tube filled by a nickel powder and heated to a high temperature, preferably, though not necessary, from 150 to 5000C are herein disclosed. In the inventive apparatus, hydrogen is injected into the metal tube containing a highly pressurized nickel powder having a pressure, preferably though not necessarily, from 2 to 20 bars. | WO 2009/125444 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RossiAmethodandaa.pdf | ||||||
| 3469 | Journal Article | Rotegard, D. | 1991 | Fusion, cold fusion, and space policy | Space Power, Vol = 10 | Fusion, cold fusion, and space policy | history | ||||||||
| 3470 | Journal Article | Roth, J., Behrisch, R., Moeller, W., Ottenberger, W. | 1990 | Fusion reactions during low energy deuterium implantation into titanium | Nucl. Fusion, Vol = 30 | Fusion reactions during low energy deuterium implantation into titanium | ion implantation, titanium, particle emission | ||||||||
| 3471 | Journal Article | Roth, J. R. | 1995 | Ball Lightning: What Nature is Trying to Tell the Plasma Research Community | Fusion Technology, Vol = 27:3 255-270 DOI: 10.13182/FST95-A30388 | Now obtainable from the Sci Hub, this paper foreshadowed many applications. | spherical configuration, ball lightning, plasma confinement, lightning, plasma density, plasma chemistry, energy storage, magnetic confinement, plasma applications, atmosphere, weapons, chemicals | Ball lightning has been extensively observed in atmospheric air, usually in association with thunderstorms, by untrained observers who were not in a position to make careful observations. These chance sightings have been documented by polling observers, who constitute perhaps 5% of the adult U.S. population. Unfortunately, ball lightning is not accessible to scientific analysis because it cannot be reproduced in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Natural ball lightning has been observed to last longer than 90 s and to have diameters from 1 cm to several metres. The energy density of a few lightning balls has been observed to be as high as 20 000 J/cm3, well above the limit of chemical energy storage of, for example, TNT at 2000 J/cm3. Such observations suggest a plasma-related phenomenon with significant magnetic energy storage. If this is the case, ball lightning should have very interesting implications for fusion research, industrial plasma engineering, and military applications, as well as being of great theoretical and practical interest to the plasma research community. | https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/fst95-a30388 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTfA7qeL7Gk | Bob Reviews this paper on YouTube with live feedback | ||||
| 3472 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1995 | Highlights of the Fifth International Conference on Cold Fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 8 | Highlights of the Fifth International Conference on Cold Fusion | review, He, heat | ||||||||
| 3473 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1995 | Very hot cold fusion: Dr. Mizuno's ceramic proton conductors | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 14 | Very hot cold fusion: Dr. Mizuno's ceramic proton conductors | proton conductor, heat | ||||||||
| 3474 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1995 | Book Review -- A Dialogue on Chemically Induced Nuclear Effects -- A Guide for the Perplexed About Cold Fusion, by Nate Hoffman | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3 | 54 Book Review -- A Dialogue on Chemically Induced Nuclear Effects -- A Guide for the Perplexed About Cold Fusion, by Nate Hoffman | Review | This is a strange little book. It well written in some parts, with knowledgeable, in depth, analysis. Yet elsewhere the author makes factual errors that might easily have been avoided. Some of his mistakes are mind-boggling, like his suggestions that chemical supply companies sell used moderator heavy water from CANDU fission reactors, or that no researcher in any cold experiment has ever measured true rms power. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJbookreview.pdf | ||||||
| 3475 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1996 | Review of McKubre, M. C. H., et al., Development of Advanced Concepts for Nuclear Processes in Deuterated Metals, EPRI TR-104195 | Infinite Energy | Review of McKubre, M. C. H., et al., Development of Advanced Concepts for Nuclear Processes in Deuterated Metals, EPRI TR-104195 | review | A review of McKubre, M.C.H., et al., Development of Advanced Concepts for Nuclear Processes in Deuterated Metals. 1994. Selected pages from this report are available here: http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/McKubreMCHdevelopmen.pdf Comprehensive, Meticulous and Definitive This is one of the most comprehensive descriptions of a set of cold fusion experiments ever published. The only reports I know of that rival it are from F.G. Will et al., and M. H. Miles et al. This EPRI book describes the research paid for by EPRI and performed at SRI International between 1989 and 1994 by M. McKubre, S. Crouch-Baker, F. Tanzella and eight other principal investigators. These are among the most careful cold fusion experiments ever done. The results are unequivocal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJreviewofmc.pdf | ||||||
| 3476 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1996 | CETI's 1 kilowatt cold fusion device denonstrated | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 5&6, Page = 18 | CETI's 1 kilowatt cold fusion device denonstrated | review, heat, H2O, beads, Ni, CETI | ||||||||
| 3477 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1997 | Introduction to the Cold Fusion Experiments of Dr. Melvin Miles | Infinite Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 15/16, Page = 27 | Introduction to the Cold Fusion Experiments of Dr. Melvin Miles | history | From 1989 until his funding was terminated in 1995, Melvin Miles performed some of the best cold fusion experiments on record. His goal was to answer two critical questions: Does cold fusion produce helium along with excess heat, like a plasma fusion reaction? And if so, does it produce roughly as much helium per joule of energy as a plasma fusion reaction does? He answers both questions affirmatively. When a cold fusion palladium cathode becomes active, it releases helium into the electrolyte. The helium leaves the cell in the effluent deuterium and oxygen gas. Cathodes that produced more excess heat produced greater amounts of helium. The ratio of helium to energy is roughly comparable to that of hot fusion, within an order of magnitude. This is strong evidence that cold fusion really is some form of nuclear fusion, and not fission, zero point energy, or something else. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJintroducti.pdf | ||||||
| 3478 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1998 | Dieter Britz: A Knowledgeable Skeptic | Infinite Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 18 | Dieter Britz: A Knowledgeable Skeptic | review | ||||||||
| 3479 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J., Mallove, E. | 1998 | Review of Profiles of the Future: An Inquiry into the Limits of the Possible, By Arthur C. Clarke | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 22 | Review of Profiles of the Future: An Inquiry into the Limits of the Possible, By Arthur C. Clarke | history | How did Arthur C. Clarke come to believe that cold fusion is real, and why should anyone care? The answer can be found in an unforgettable nonfiction book he wrote in 1963. It is Profiles of the Future, one of the best books about the future ever written, and one of the finest short overviews of science and technology. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJreviewofpr.pdf | ||||||
| 3480 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1999 | The Wright Brothers and Cold Fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 9, Page = 37 | The Wright Brothers and Cold Fusion | history | History is not inevitable. If the Wrights had not built the airplane, man would not have flown for another ten or twenty years, most experts agree. History is a product of free will. People make decisions, take actions, and shape events. Things do not get invented just because they are needed. We learn to live with awkward machines like the automobile transmission. If Bell Labs had not come up with the transistor, by now we would have computers with a million 'vacuum tubes on a chip.' (This kind of chip was fabricated for a special application years ago. Technology is flexible; transistors are not the only things you can miniaturize.) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJthewrightb.pdf | ||||||
| 3481 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1999 | Comparisons from the History of Technology | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 23, Page = 39 | Comparisons from the History of Technology | history | This paper was delivered at the Cold Fusion and New Energies Symposium held in Manchester, New Hampshire October 11, 1998. This version was modified and expanded in May 2003. Earlier at this conference Ed Storms said, 'cold fusion is on life-support.' Will it survive? Can an unpopular scientific discovery be forgotten? Ed thinks that cold fusion is endangered. In a lecture titled 'Cold Fusion - Does It Have a Future?' Nobel Laureate Julian Schwinger said that science itself is at risk . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJcomparison.pdf | ||||||
| 3482 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1999 | Transistors and Cold Fusion - Part I | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 25, Page = 32 | Transistors and Cold Fusion - Part I | history, materials | The history of transistors teaches many lessons about how cold fusion might develop and what should be done to help it along. Transistors are physically similar to cold fusion devices. In fact, some of the earliest experimental transistors were immersed in electrolyte with a counter electrode to neutralize the surface barrier. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJtransistor.pdf | ||||||
| 3483 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 1999 | Transistors and Cold Fusion - Part II | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 26, Page = 46 | Transistors and Cold Fusion - Part II | history, materials | Part 1 closed with the questions: Was the transistor truly inevitable? Where would we be without it? Is any innovation inevitable and unstoppable? I conclude that fundamental breakthroughs, like the transistor, are not inevitable, but once they are made, contingent, derivative or follow‑up breakthroughs like integrated circuits become inevitable. The discovery of cold fusion was not inevitable by any means, and cold fusion technology may never be developed because of technical difficulties or political opposition, but if it is developed and it becomes established, many contingent breakthroughs, like home power generators, will become inevitable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJtransistora.pdf | ||||||
| 3484 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 2001 | Cold Fusion, the Titanic Disaster Aftermath, and the Internet | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 36 | Cold Fusion, the Titanic Disaster Aftermath, and the Internet | history | 'News is the first rough draft of history.' Newspaper publisher Philip L. Graham (1915-1963) Newspapers are indeed the first draft of history and, in many cases, the last draft as well.? This has been one of the reasons behind cold fusion's bad press over the years.? Researchers made initial assessments of the phenomenon back in April 1989 and offered up their gut-reaction opinions to the media. Many of these erroneous, off-the-cuff ramblings are still widely quoted today.? The three famous 'negative' experiments at Caltech, MIT, and Harwell are often cited as proof that cold fusion does not exist, although careful reexaminations have subsequently shown that the tests conducted at all three establishments did, in fact, yield positive results.? Reporters, commentators, and historians seldom look beyond immediate impressions formed in the earliest days of a major event, when confusion is rampant and detailed investigations have not yet begun. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 3485 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 2001 | Butter Side Down: How Cold Fusion Researchers Battle the Innate Perversity of Inanimate Objects and Exploding Parameter Space | Infinite Energy, Vol = 7, Num = 37 | Butter Side Down: How Cold Fusion Researchers Battle the Innate Perversity of Inanimate Objects and Exploding Parameter Space | history | A brief introduction to some calorimeter types, and to some of the difficulties in cold fusion experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJbutterside.pdf | ||||||
| 3486 | Conference Proceedings | Rothwell, J., Storms, E. | 2003 | The LENR-CANR.Org Website, Its Past And Future | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The LENR-CANR.Org Website, Its Past And Future | The LENR-CANR-org website has proven to be a popular source of information about cold fusion. This site has distributed more full text papers about LENR than any other source. In addition, it contains many features that allow easy search and insertion of the discovered references into a document. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJthelenrcan.pdf | ||||
| 3487 | Personal Communication | Rothwell, J., Storms, E., Rennie, J., Piel, J. | 2003 | Appeal to Readers and Correspondence with the Scientific American | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Appeal to Readers and Correspondence with the Scientific American | Review | An appeal to LENR-CANR readers to help spread the word and help bring about a rebirth of interest in cold fusion. This document also contains correspondence with the past and present editors of the Scientific American. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJappealtore.pdf | |||||
| 3488 | Conference Proceedings | Rothwell, J. | 2004 | Introducing The Book 'Cold Fusion and the Future' | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Introducing The Book 'Cold Fusion and the Future' | Review | |||||||
| 3489 | Book | Rothwell, J. | 2004 | Cold Fusion And The Future | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Cold Fusion And The Future | The purpose of this book is to show that with cold fusion we can accomplish marvelous things. This is not a review or history of the field. It is not meant to convince the reader that cold fusion exists. If you doubt that, please read original sources. The book describes how many nightmare problems that seem beyond any present solution, such as global warming, elimination of invasive species, and providing clean drinking water and sanitation to billions of poor people might be eliminated. The future might be better than you think. This book is not copyright. It is distributed for free at LENR-CANR.org. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJcoldfusiona.pdf | ||||||
| 3490 | Book | Rothwell, J. | 2006 | A Fusao a Frio e o Futuro (Cold Fusion and the Future, Portuguese) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | A Fusao a Frio e o Futuro (Cold Fusion and the Future, Portuguese) | The book 'Cold Fusion and the Future' translated into Brazilian Portuguese by Sergio Bacchi. O livro 'Fus? a Frio e o Futuro' traduzido ao portugu? brasileiro por Sergio Bacchi. Uma vis? das aplica?es poss?eis da fus? a frio do hidrog?io pesado. Um livro com muita imagina?o e humanidade. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJafusoafrio.pdf | ||||||
| 3491 | Book | Rothwell, J. | 2007 | Mirai o kizuku jyouonkakuyuugou (Cold Fusion and the Future, Japanese) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Mirai o kizuku jyouonkakuyuugou (Cold Fusion and the Future, Japanese) | The book 'Cold Fusion and the Future' translated into Japanese. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJmiraiokizu.pdf | ||||||
| 3492 | Book | Rothwell, J. | 2007 | Leng jubian he weilai (Cold Fusion and the Future, Chinese) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Leng jubian he weilai (Cold Fusion and the Future, Chinese) | The book 'Cold Fusion and the Future' translated into Chinese. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJlengjubian.pdf | ||||||
| 3493 | Report | Rothwell, J., Storms, E. | 2008 | Report on Arata's Paper and Lecture about his 'Solid Fusion' Reactor | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Report on Arata's Paper and Lecture about his 'Solid Fusion' Reactor review | review, heat | This paper describes the recent demonstration (May 2008) of anomalous heat and helium production, presented by Prof. Yoshiaki Arata, when two different materials are exposed to D2 near room temperature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJreportonar.pdf | |||||
| 3494 | Report | Rothwell, J., Melich, M. E. | 2008 | Responses to DoE Review Panel Comments | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Responses to DoE Review Panel Comments | Review, DOE panel | In 2004, the Department of Energy (DoE) published a review of cold fusion. [1] It was based upon a review conducted by a panel of 18 anonymous members. The reviewer's comments are in Ref. [2]. This document lists some of the major claims made by the 18 reviewers, with responses by Jed Rothwell and Michael Melich. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJresponsest.pdf | |||||
| 3495 | Report | Rothwell, J. | 2009 | Tally of Cold Fusion Papers | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Tally of Cold Fusion Papers Review | This document contains a tally of cold fusion papers from two sources: the list maintained by Dieter Britz at Aarhus U., and the EndNote database used to generate the indexes at LENR-CANR.org. Various tallies such as the number of peer-reviewed experimental papers are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJtallyofcol.pdf | ||||||
| 3496 | Report | Rothwell, J. | 2011 | Brief Technical Description of the Leonardo Corporation, University of Bologna, and INFN Scientific Demonstration of the Andrea Rossi ECat (Energy Catalyzer) Boiler | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Brief Technical Description of the Leonardo Corporation, University of Bologna, and INFN Scientific Demonstration of the Andrea Rossi ECat (Energy Catalyzer) Boiler | Heat | Dr. Andrea Rossi, President of Leonardo Corporation, prepared in cooperation with scientists from the University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna an experimental demonstration of his ECat boiler for about 50 people, mostly scientists the afternoon of 14 January 2011. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJbrieftechn.pdf | |||||
| 3497 | Report | Rothwell, J. | 2012 | How Nature refused to re-examine the 1989 CalTech experiment | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | How Nature refused to re-examine the 1989 CalTech experiment | History | In 1989 Nature published a paper by Lewis showing no excess heat in a cold fusion experiment. Several researchers including Noninski, Miles and Fleischmann discovered errors in this paper. Noninski wrote a critique of the paper describing one of these errors, and submitted it for publication. David Lindley, an editor at Nature, rejected the critique. This paper examines some of the errors in the paper, and Lindley's reasons for refusing to re-examine the experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJhownaturer.pdf | |||||
| 3498 | Report | Rothwell, J. | 2014 | Report on Mizuno's adiabatic calorimetry | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Report on Mizuno's adiabatic calorimetry | calorimetry heat | A report on the method of calorimetry employed by T. Mizuno starting in August 2014. Five sample runs are described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJreportonmi.pdf | |||||
| 3499 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 2014 | The Future May Be Better Than You Think | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | The Future May Be Better Than You Think | Commercialization | Cold fusion researchers are prone to be unduly pessimistic about the potential for cold fusion. They know too much; they are too close to the problem. They may also have unexamined assumptions. Researchers feel put-upon because of political opposition. The LENR-CANR.org website log file proves there is a great deal of interest in this field. There is broad, untapped, latent support for it. The log shows that every week scientists and engineers download thousands of papers on cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJthefuturem.pdf | ||||||
| 3500 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 2014 | The Future May Be Better Than You Think (Japanese version) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | The Future May Be Better Than You Think (Japanese version) | Commercialization | Japanese version. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJthefuturema.pdf | ||||||
| 3501 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 2015 | Lessons from cold fusion archives and from history | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Lessons from cold fusion archives and from history | History | The field is somewhat chaotic. Results are inconsistent and seem contradictory. There is no widely-accepted theoretical explanation. History shows that this kind of chaos is healthy in emergent science. In fields such as plasma fusion there is broad agreement and a solid theoretical basis, but not much progress. We should embrace chaos and celebrate intellectual ferment. Despite the confusion, the literature does prove the effect is real, and it teaches how to replicate. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJlessonsfro.pdf | ||||||
| 3502 | Journal Article | Rothwell, J. | 2015 | Lessons from cold fusion archives and from history (Japanese version) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Lessons from cold fusion archives and from history (Japanese version) | History | Japanese version | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJlessonsfroa.pdf | ||||||
| 3503 | Conference Proceedings | Rothwell, J. | 2016 | Cold Fusion Will Lower the Cost of both Energy and Equipment | ICCF20 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sendai, Japan | Cold Fusion Will Lower the Cost of both Energy and Equipment | History | Cold fusion will lower the cost of energy because the fuel costs nothing. It will also greatly reduce the cost of many machines, especially electric generators. The cost of generators is likely to fall by a factor of 200, from $2,000/kW to $10/kW, which is the cost difference between a power company central generator and a portable gasoline generator. A radical reduction in the cost of one device does not always reduce the cost of others. Since 1900, the cost of illumination has fallen by a factor of 80, but this has not directly reduced the cost of other goods and services by a similar factor. Since 1970, the cost of computer memory has fallen by a factor of 108. Microprocessors and cheap memory enhanced many products. They brought us the Internet and ubiquitous cheap computing. But so far they have not drastically lowered costs outside of computer applications. Cold fusion is different. All machines use energy, so cold fusion will lower the cost of everything, but it will have the biggest impact replacing large, expensive machines with small mass-produced versions. Other new sources of energy such as solar panels also have zero cost fuel, but they will not reduce the cost of other machines. Only cold fusion can do this. It follows that the most profitable use of cold fusion in the first decades after it is introduced will be to replace existing technology, rather than to make radical new technology. Microprocessors brought us machines we did not have, such as cell phones and the Internet. Cold fusion will ? at first ? dramatically lower the cost of machines we already have. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJcoldfusionb.pdf | |||||
| 3504 | Report | Rothwell, J. | 2020 | Review of the calorimetry of Fleischmann and Pons | ICCF20 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Review of the calorimetry of Fleischmann and Pons | History, calorimetry, excess heat, review | This is an introduction to the calorimetry in experiments by Fleischmann and Pons. From 1989 to 1993, they published a series of papers describing three methods of calorimetry: isoperibolic, phase change and a cooling curve analysis. These experiments culminated in boil-off experiments in which cells produced over 100 W of excess heat, and stayed hot for hours without input power. In 1996, Pons reported another series of experiments in which reactions up to 101 W were sustained continuously for up to 70 days with reflux calorimeters. This introduction is for the general reader. It includes definitions of the isoperibolic, phase change and other methods, a discussion of how calibrations are performed, and some of the advanced features of Fleischmann and Pons? equipment and methods. Some skeptics claim that their calorimetry was unreliable or controversial. Some of the skeptics' objections are reviewed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJreviewofth.pdf | |||||
| 3505 | Report | Rothwell, J. | 2020 | Review of the calorimetry of Fleischmann and Pons (Japanese version) | ICCF20 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Review of the calorimetry of Fleischmann and Pons (Japanese version) | History, calorimetry, excess heat, review | Japanese version. This is an introduction to the calorimetry in experiments by Fleischmann and Pons. From 1989 to 1993, they published a series of papers describing three methods of calorimetry: isoperibolic, phase change and a cooling curve analysis. These experiments culminated in boil-off experiments in which cells produced over 100 W of excess heat, and stayed hot for hours without input power. In 1996, Pons reported another series of experiments in which reactions up to 101 W were sustained continuously for up to 70 days with reflux calorimeters. This introduction is for the general reader. It includes definitions of the isoperibolic, phase change and other methods, a discussion of how calibrations are performed, and some of the advanced features of Fleischmann and Pons? equipment and methods. Some skeptics claim that their calorimetry was unreliable or controversial. Some of the skeptics? objections are reviewed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJreviewoftha.pdf | |||||
| 3506 | Report | Rothwell, J. | 2020 | Review of the calorimetry of Fleischmann and Pons (Chinese version) | ICCF20 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Review of the calorimetry of Fleischmann and Pons (Chinese version) Zhang, W-S. | History, calorimetry, excess heat, review | Chinese version, translated by Zhang, W-S. This is an introduction to the calorimetry in experiments by Fleischmann and Pons. From 1989 to 1993, they published a series of papers describing three methods of calorimetry: isoperibolic, phase change and a cooling curve analysis. These experiments culminated in boil-off experiments in which cells produced over 100 W of excess heat, and stayed hot for hours without input power. In 1996, Pons reported another series of experiments in which reactions up to 101 W were sustained continuously for up to 70 days with reflux calorimeters. This introduction is for the general reader. It includes definitions of the isoperibolic, phase change and other methods, a discussion of how calibrations are performed, and some of the advanced features of Fleischmann and Pons? equipment and methods. Some skeptics claim that their calorimetry was unreliable or controversial. Some of the skeptics' objections are reviewed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RothwellJreviewofthb.pdf | |||||
| 3507 | Conference Proceedings | Roulette, T., Roulette, J., Pons, S. | 1996 | Results of ICARUS 9 Experiments Run at IMRA Europe | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 85-92 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Results of ICARUS 9 Experiments Run at IMRA Europe | Excess heat, calorimeter | INTRODUCTION We describe herein the construction, testing, calibration and use of a high power dissipation calorimeter suitable for the measurements of excess enthalpy generation in Pd / Pd alloy cathodes during the electrolysis of heavy water electrolytes at temperatures up to and including the boiling point of the electrolyte. With the present design, power dissipation up to about 400W is possible. Excess power levels of up to ~250% of the input power have been observed with these calorimeters in some experiments. Extensions of the design to include recombination catalysts on open and pressurized cells will be the subject of a future report. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RouletteTresultsofi.pdf | ||
| 3508 | Journal Article | Rousseau, D. L. | 1992 | Case studies in pathological science | Am. Sci., Vol = 80 | Case studies in pathological science | history | ||||||||
| 3509 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S. | 1996 | Investigation of Nuclear Emissions in the Process of D(H) Escaping from Deuterized (Hydrogenized) PdO-Pd-PdO and PdO-Ag Samples | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 345 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Investigation of Nuclear Emissions in the Process of D(H) Escaping from Deuterized (Hydrogenized) PdO-Pd-PdO and PdO-Ag Samples | particle emission, Pd, neutron, alpha, protron, CR-39, irradiation, ICCF-6, Helium | Emission of proton-like and neutron-like events was observed in the process of escaping deuterium from deuterized PdO-Pd-Ag and PdO-Pd-PdO samples. The ratio of the proton-like and neutron-like event fluxes was estimated as Np/Nn ~ 1.The charged particle emission was also observed in the process of escaping hydrogen from hydrogenized PdO-Pd-Ag and PdO-Pd-PdO samples. The emitted charged particles may be identified asprotons and a-particles. Investigation of charged-particle emission was carried out by 3 methods: (1) plastic scintillation counter; (2) Si-SSD; (3) CR-39 plastic track detector. The results obtained by these independent methods are in good agreement with each other.An effect of the weak thermal neutron flux on the processesof cold fusion in the samples loaded with D(H) was also investigated. It was observed that the flux of neutrons emitted from deuterized PdO-Pd-Ag samples exposed by thermal neutrons was approximately 300 times as large as in the case of unexposed samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=360 | |||
| 3510 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S. | 1998 | Observation of (DD)-Fusion Reaction Products in Electrolyticaly Deuterized PdO/Pd Structures | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 466 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Observation of (DD)-Fusion Reaction Products in Electrolyticaly Deuterized PdO/Pd Structures | neutron, PdO, layer particle emission, ICCF-7 | The mission of protons and neutrons was observed in deuterized PdO/Pd structures. The ratio of proton and neutron fluxes was estimated as Np/Nn ~ 1. The neutron emission was measured by two types of detectors: (one) by plastic scintillation detector with Cd and (2) by detector based on helium-3-counters. Charged particle emission was measured by the CR-32 plastic track detector. The results of experiments with different detectors are in good agreement with each other. The data obtained allow us to make a conclusion , that (dd)-fusion reactions take place in deuterized PdO/Pd structures. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=466 | ||
| 3511 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S. | 2000 | Application of CR-39 Plastic Track Detector for Detection of DD and DT-Reaction Products in Cold Fusion Experiments | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 253 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Application of CR-39 Plastic Track Detector for Detection of DD and DT-Reaction Products in Cold Fusion Experiments | CR-39, particle emission, layer, Au-Pd-PdO, method, ICCF-8 | The results of application of CR-39 plastic track detector in Cold Fusion experiments are presented. According to the calibration, this detector registered not only dd-fusion reaction products, but also dT ones. The procedures for identifying different particles of dd and dT-reaction are recommended. According to these procedures the possible levels of dd and dT-reactions in different experiments have been estimated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Roussetskiapplicatio.pdf | ||
| 3512 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S., Saunnin, E. I. | 2002 | Long-range a-particle emission from PuNi2 structure | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Long-range a-particle emission from PuNi2 structure 4037 | alpha, emission, Pu, Pd, Ni, fractofusion, strain | |||||
| 3513 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S., Lipson, A. G., Andreanov, V. P. | 2003 | Nuclear Emissions from Titanium Hydride/Deuteride, Induced by Powerful Picosecond Laser Beam | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Nuclear Emissions from Titanium Hydride/Deuteride, Induced by Powerful Picosecond Laser Beam | charged particle, laser stimulation | The emission of nuclear particles (protons, deuterons, neutrons and alphas) was detected during irradiation of different targets, including 30 mm thick Ti-metal and Ti-deuteride foils as well as CH2- film, by picosecond laser beam (I= 2.0 x 10^18 W/cm^2, l=1.053 mm). The nominally pure Ti-metal target contained some amount of adsorbed hydrogen (TiHx). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Roussetskinuclearemi.pdf | |||
| 3514 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S. | 2004 | Cr-39 Track Detectors In Cold Fusion Experiments: Review And Perspectives | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Cr-39 Track Detectors In Cold Fusion Experiments: Review And Perspectives | cr-39, particle emission | Introduction Earlier experiments [1,2] have showed emissions of DD-reaction products (3-MeV protons) and energetic charged particle emission (a-particles) during exothermic D(H) desorption from the Pd/PdO:D(H) heterostructures. The occurrence of these emissions was confirmed by independent experiments using both Si-surface barrier and CR-39 plastic track detectors [3, 4]. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Roussetskicrtrackdet.pdf | |||||
| 3515 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S., Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I. | 2005 | Correct identification of energetic alpha and proton tracks in experiments on CR-39 charged particle detection during hydrogen desorption from Pd/PdO:Hx heterostructure | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Correct identification of energetic alpha and proton tracks in experiments on CR-39 charged particle detection during hydrogen desorption from Pd/PdO:Hx heterostructure | cr-39, particle emission | ||||||
| 3516 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S., Lipson, A. G., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I. | 2005 | Correct identification of energetic alpha and proton tracks in experiments on CR-39 charged particle detection during hydrogen desorption from Pd/PdO:Hx heterostructure (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Correct identification of energetic alpha and proton tracks in experiments on CR-39 charged particle detection during hydrogen desorption from Pd/PdO:Hx heterostructure (PowerPoint slides) | cr-39, particle emission | Earlier experiments have showed emissions of energetic charged particles (α-particles and protons) during exothermic H desorption from the Pd/PdO:Hx heterostructures. The occurrence of these emissions was confirmed by independent experiments using both Si-surface barrier and CR-39 plastic track detectors. Earlier we already showed that purified CR-39 plastic track detectors can be considered as an adequate scientific instrument, which suitable for detection of individual uniformly distributed charged particles and also for the groups of these particles being emitted from the active spots ('hot zones') attributed to the maximum internal strain area at the surface of PdDx and TiDx samples. The analysis of CR-39 data showed that in some cases energetic charged particle tracks (α-particles and protons) concentrated inside the small spots of detector. The typical 'hot zone' with ~200 tracks within the area with the size of 0.2 ? 0.5 mm2 were found to be appeared during the hydrogen desorption experiments with Pd/PdO:Hx samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Roussetskicorrectidea.pdf | ||||
| 3517 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S., Negodaev, M. N., Lipson, A. | 2009 | Multifunctional Ion Beam Installation ?ELIS? as a new instrument for advanced LENR research | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Multifunctional Ion Beam Installation ?ELIS? as a new instrument for advanced LENR research | The ion beam installation HELIS (P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia) represents an ion accelerator of light elements with atomic number in the range Z=1-54 with ion energies ranging from 0.5 to 50 keV operating at deuteron current densities up to 2 A/cm2 and intended to perform a wide spectrum of physical experiments related to LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=226 | |||||
| 3518 | Conference Proceedings | Roussetski, A. S., Lipson, A., Tanzella, F. L., Saunin, E. I., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2009 | Evidence for Fast Neutron Emission During SRI's SPARWAR/GALILEO Type Electrolysis Experiments #7 and #5, Based on CR39 Track Detector Record | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Evidence for Fast Neutron Emission During SRI's SPARWAR/GALILEO Type Electrolysis Experiments #7 and #5, Based on CR39 Track Detector Record | We have reported [1] the detailed analysis of the CR-39 detector (Landauer) from SRI's #BE013-7 (#7) Pd deposition experiment where the detector was separated from the cathode wire by a 6 ? Mylar? film. The Mylar? protected the CR-39 surface from chemical, mechanical, and electrostatic (spark discharge) damage during electrolysis. In this report we compared those results with that of the CR-39 detector, installed as in #7, in an identically operated cell using light water and with the background detector placed 2 m from the electrolytic cell. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=48 | |||||
| 3519 | Book Section | Rout, R. K., Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A. | 1989 | Autoradiography of Deuterated Ti and Pd Targets for Spatially Resolved Detection of Tritium Produced by Cold Fusion | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Autoradiography of Deuterated Ti and Pd Targets for Spatially Resolved Detection of Tritium Produced by Cold Fusion | Ti, autoradiograph, x-ray | Introduction For the last few months, hectic activity has been underway in various laboratories to study the Cold Fusion phenomenon. De Ninno et al. reported emission of neutrons from titanium metal loaded with deuterium gas under pressure. Similar experiments have been conducted at Trombay. We report here evidence of cold fusion in D2 gas loaded Ti and Pd targets through the use of autoradiography for spatially resolved detection of tritium. Our study employed three different techniques to observe tritium: (i) Autoradiography using X-ray films. (ii) Characteristic X-ray measurement of titanium, excited by the tritium β. (iii) Liquid scintillation method for tritium β counting. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKautoradiog.pdf | |||
| 3520 | Journal Article | Rout, R. K., Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Chitra, V. | 1991 | Detection of high tritium activity on the central titanium electrode of a plasma focus device | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Detection of high tritium activity on the central titanium electrode of a plasma focus device | titanium, tritium, ion bombardment, D2 | A 2-kJ Mather plasma focus device is used to deuterate the top end surface (or tip) of its central titanium electrode to investigate the occurrence of anomalous nuclear reactions in the context of the 'cold fusion' phenomenon. The tip of the central titanium electrode is found to develop at least a few tens of microcuries of tritium after several plasma focus discharges. Neither the tritium impurity level in the deuterium gas used in the experiment nor the tritium branch of the d-d reactions that are known to occur in plasma focus devices can account for such activity in the electrode. Anomalous nuclear reactions in the deuterated titanium lattice appear to be the most probable source of this high activity. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKdetectiono.pdf | ||||||
| 3521 | Journal Article | Rout, R. K., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Bansal, A. | 1991 | Copious low energy emissions from palladium loaded with hydrogen or deuterium | Indian J. Technol., Vol = 29 | Copious low energy emissions from palladium loaded with hydrogen or deuterium | Pd, D2, film, x-ray, electrolysis, autoradiograph, Zr, Hf, Ni-Ti | Palladium samples were loaded with deuterium and hydrogen using plasma focus and other loading techniques. Each sample, loaded so far, was observed to be emitting low energy, low intensity radiations. These radiations have been detected and analyzed by autoradiography and other supporting techniques. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKcopiouslow.pdf | ||||||
| 3522 | Conference Proceedings | Rout, R. K., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Garg, A. B. | 1992 | Phenomenon of Low Energy Emission from Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Palladium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 547 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Phenomenon of Low Energy Emission from Hydrogen/Deuterium Loaded Palladium | autoradiograph, film, electron emission, PdD, radiation. ICCF-3 | Palladium loaded with either hydrogen or deuterium is found to give a clear autoradiograph on exposure to X-ray film. The phenomena is found to be 100% reproducible and is independent of the technique of loading, be it electrolytic, gas loading, plasma discharge or ion implantation. It appears only if the exposure to X-ray film is done in atmosphere of hydrogen, oxygen or air. These emissions are also detected by TLD measurements. Investigations seeking to identify the nature/energy of the radiation through transmission measurements using various filters tentatively indicate that the radiations could be low energy electrons having an energy of around 300 to 400 eV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKphenomenon.pdf | ||
| 3523 | Journal Article | Rout, R. K., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Krishnan, M. S. | 1993 | Update on observation of low-energy emissions from deuterated and hydrated palladium | Indian J. Technol., Vol = 31 | Update on observation of low-energy emissions from deuterated and hydrated palladium | Pd, D2, H2, CR-39, film | ||||||||
| 3524 | Journal Article | Rout, R. K., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Garg, A. B., Shrikhande, V. K. | 1996 | Reproducible, anomalous emissions from palladium deuteride/hydride | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Reproducible, anomalous emissions from palladium deuteride/hydride | electrolysis, autoradiograph, Pd, H2O, D2O, film, new radiation | Each and every palladium sample loaded/reloaded either with hydrogen or deuterium was observed to fog radiographic films kept in its close proximity in air. Strangely, even with ten layers of black paper (thickness ≈63 mg/cm^2) as a filter between film and sample, fogging was observed. On the other hand, no fogging could be observed even when thin beryllium foil (≈1.4 mg/cm^2), three layers of transparent polyester foils (≈10 mg/cm^2), or thin aluminized polycarbonate (0.3 mg/cm^2) were employed as filters. Several experiments have been performed to identify the phenomenon responsible for fogging. These experiments appear to rule out any of the known mechanisms, suggesting a new, strange, and unknown phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RoutRKreproducib.pdf | ||||||
| 3525 | Journal Article | Rudesill, J. | 2007 | An Interview with Dr. Edmund Storms | Infinite Energy | An Interview with Dr. Edmund Storms | An interview with Edmund Storms and a discussion of the book 'The Science of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction: A Comprehensive Compilation of Evidence and Explanations About Cold Fusion.' | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/RudesillJanintervie.pdf | |||||||
| 3526 | Journal Article | Ruer, J. | 2013 | Simulation of Crater Formation on LENR Cathodes Surfaces | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | Simulation of Crater Formation on LENR Cathodes Surfaces | Cooling, Craters , Explosion, LENR, Melting | Many authors reported the presence of small-size craters on the surface of cathodes after Low-energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) electrolysis experiments. It is conjectured the craters result from violent reactions, perhaps of nuclear origin. Nagel proposed a correlation between the crater diameter and the energy involved in its formation. Starting from this assumption, it can be estimated that the enthalpy released can raise the temperature of the crater content to about 2000 K. A simple model is used to calculate the crater cooling by conduction and radiation. It gives the order of magnitude of the maximum event duration in order to achieve some melting of the cathode material. The duration of the eruption is estimated from the gas pressure developed within the crater. A value of 6 ns is obtained for a 2? diameter, and 600 ns for a 20? crater. In large craters, a part of inner material can be molten. Small craters are strongly cooled by the surrounding metal and do not show signs of fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=59 | ||||||
| 3527 | Journal Article | Ruer, J. | 2014 | Response to Comment on the Article ‘Simulation of Crater Formation on LENR Cathodes Surfaces’ | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 14 (2014) 5–14 | Response to Comment on the Article 'Simulation of Crater Formation on LENR Cathodes Surfaces' | Cooling, Craters, Expansion, Hydride dissociation, LENR, Melting | In Ref. [1] the kinetics of heat transfer during the heat bursts at the origin of the formation of the micro-craters on Pd cathodes during electrolysis are discussed. It is assumed that LENR is the source of energy. In Ref. [2], M. Tsirlin made several comments. The present paper answers these comments. Tsirlin thinks it is premature to accept the fact that craters result from LENR events. Other less exotic phenomena should be considered first to explain the crater formation, before nuclear reactions. Tsirlin proposes three potential heat sources: (A) Recombination (molarization) of atomic hydrogen. (B) Oxidation of the hydrogen at the cathode surface by oxygen evolved at the anode. (C) Sudden emissions of the absorbed gas. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=11 | ||||||
| 3528 | Journal Article | Ruer, J. | 2016 | Characterization of Energy Fluxes in LENR Reactors ?xcess Heat, Coefficient of Performance and Conditions for Self-sustained Operation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | Characterization of Energy Fluxes in LENR Reactors ?xcess Heat, Coefficient of Performance and Conditions for Self-sustained Operation | Carnot, COP, Ericsson, Excess heat, Gain, Insulation, ORC, Self-sustained, Stirling, Thermal engine | LENR reactors are considered as units that operate at a temperature above ambient and need an excitation provided by a supply powered by electricity. Different modes of operation are described following the characteristics of the heat and energy balance. LENR reactors may be characterized by different parameters, Coefficient of Performance (COP) or Energy Amplification factor (A). The thermal insulation plays an important role. LENR reactors that require external heating in small units may become self-sustained for large sizes. The production of electricity involves the coupling with a thermal machine. The system is able to export power if the COP and the temperature are high enough. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=18 | ||||||
| 3529 | Journal Article | Ruer, J. | 2017 | Basic Design Considerations for Industrial LENR Reactors | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | Basic Design Considerations for Industrial LENR Reactors | Gas leakage, Heat engines, Power control, Runaway, Self-sustaining, Stability, Thermal insulation | LENR reactors able to deliver heat at a high temperature can be coupled with heat engines to generate electric power. The conditions of temperature and COP to achieve self-sustaining operation are given. According to the literature, the heat generation rate of some LENR processes increases rapidly with the temperature. This phenomenon dictates the cooling criteria to maintain a stable reactor operation. Power control can be obtained through appropriate temperature regulation. Several types of heat engines can be coupled to LENR reactors with appropriate power control. Heat losses must be minimized with sufficient thermal insulation. The insulation enclosure is also useful to recover the leaks of light gas, if any are present in the system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedu.pdf#page=12 | ||||||
| 3530 | Journal Article | Ruer, J. | 2017 | Simulation of the Behavior of Exotic Neutral Particles by a Monte-Carlo Modelisation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 23 | Simulation of the Behavior of Exotic Neutral Particles by a Monte-Carlo Modelisation | Brownian motion, Exotic neutral particles, Hot spots, Monte-Carlo, Particle lifetime, Simulation | Hot spots are small features that some authors suppose are created by a sudden local release of thermal energy. For example, the estimation of the energy involved in the formation of a 2 ? crater is 3 ? 10-8 J or 2 ? 105 MeV. Some theories attempting to explain these phenomena, and excess heat in general, involve the role of Exotic Neutral Particles (ENP), like Polyneutrons or Erzions. According to such theories, these ENPs are relatively rare. The problem investigated in this paper is whether a single particle may trigger a series of many reactions within a short time in solids that are properly loaded. A Monte-Carlo simulation has been written to study the potential behavior of ENPs. It is shown that the ENPs follow a developed and Brownian type movement. The number of reactions occurring at a given depth below the surface is calculated, as well as the probability for a series to exceed a given value. From a pure mathematical viewpoint, a parallel can be made between the diffusion laws and Brownian motion. It is shown that a small fraction of the ENP flux can trigger large series of reaction, to the point that the energy that can be produced is not limited if the ENP is stable as long as it is present in the lattice. It is necessary to introduce a limited lifetime with a decay to reconcile the model with the experimental observations. The discussion of the simulation results in the light of experimental data leads me to propose a mean free path on the order of 100 ?, and a lifetime in the nanosecond range. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedv.pdf#page=32 | ||||||
| 3531 | Journal Article | Ruer, J., Biberian, J. P. | 2018 | Reanalysis of an Explosion in a LENR Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | Reanalysis of an Explosion in a LENR Experiment | Deflagration, Detonation, Electrolytic cell, Explosion, Pd cathode, SWACER | An electrolytic cell operated with a hollow Pd cathode exploded in 2004. The violence of the explosion was surprising. We decided to re-analyze this event. The examination of the cell remnants indicate that the explosion occurred in the gas phase, and the electrodes seem unaffected. The stoichiometric H2??2 mix can explode following different mechanisms that are briefly reviewed. A particular phenomenon called Shock Wave Amplification by Coherent Energy Release (SWACER) is able to produce strong detonations. A gas quantity similar to the original cell ignited by a hot spot or a spark produces only weak explosions that do not break the glass tube. Strong detonations are reproducibly obtained with a setup designed to induce the SWACER. The re-analysis of the event shows that the explosion was probably triggered by the SWACER resulting from a reaction in the hollow Pd cathode. In order to avoid accidents in the future during the operation of closed electrolytic cells, it is advised in addition to the conventional safety measures to avoid the presence of hollow, gas-filled metallic pieces in the reactor gas space, like a tube or a folded sheet. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=81 | ||||||
| 3532 | Journal Article | Ruer, J., French, D., Yuill, D. | 2019 | Reaction of the Hydrogen with Air During the Desorption of Palladium Hydride | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Reaction of the Hydrogen with Air During the Desorption of Palladium Hydride | Diffusion, Explosion, Hydride dissociation, Ignition, Meltdown, Palladium, Self-heating, 1 cm cube | Palladium cathodes can be loaded with hydrogen or deuterium by electrolysis. Sometimes, when a piece of loaded palladium is removed from the cell, it turns red hot. A simplified numerical model confirms that high temperatures can be reached. The process requires a catalytic metal surface. The combination of a detonation in the gas phase and of palladium self-heating may offer an alternative scenario to explain the meltdown of the Fleischmann and Pons cell operated with a 1 cm cube palladium cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=295 | ||||||
| 3533 | Journal Article | Ruer, J. | 2020 | Basics of Air-Flow Calorimetry | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Basics of Air-Flow Calorimetry | Air flow calorimetry, Air heat capacity, Calibration, Flow meters, Heat measurement, High temperature, Transpiration cooling, Craters , Explosion, LENR, Melting | In the Mass Flow Calorimetry method, the heat released by an LENR reactor under test is measured by monitoring the temperature increase of a known flow of fluid passing over it. In the Air Flow Calorimetry method (AFC), the fluid is air. AFC appears to be a relatively simple method to measure the amount of heat produced by an LENR reactor. It is well suited when the LENR reactor surface temperature is high. It is easier to build than mass flow calorimeters using water-cooled or oil-cooled systems. Basically, the calorimeter is designed such that all the heat produced by the device under test is transferred to a known mass flow of cooling air. The accuracy of the method is governed by the control of the heat losses, the mass flow-rate of cooling air, the air heat capacity, the measure of the average air temperatures at inlet and outlet. Transpiration cooling is an efficient design to minimize the heat losses. The AFC method can be applied to reactors of any size and surface temperature. Its use is restricted to the testing of reactors that work continuously, because thermal equilibrium must be reached to make valid measurements. A thorough calibration procedure is essential to minimize the influence of errors on mass flows and temperature differences. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=258 | ||||||
| 3534 | Journal Article | Ruer, J. | 2020 | Could LENR Change the World? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Could LENR Change the World? | Climate change, Final energy, Fossil fuels, Global energy consumption, Greenhouse gases, Hydrogen, MHE, Nuclear, Oil, Primary energy, Renewables, Toe | World energy consumption is equivalent to 13865 million tons of oil (2018). Eighty one percent of energy is provided by fossil fuels. Energy generation releases 34 Gt of CO2 into the environment annually, which produces climate change. This paper considers the potential scenario with LENR sources of clean energy. It is based on the supposition that the new energy is generated by Metal Hydrogen Energy (MHE) stationary reactors that deliver heat at different temperature levels (100?200?350 deg C) as the technology evolves along the years. The potential penetration of LENR energy is analyzed taking into account the different conversion routes between the primary energy sources and the final industrial and domestic users. It is assumed that MHE replaces all conventional sources operated at a similar temperature level. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=320 | ||||||
| 3535 | Journal Article | Rugari, S. L., France, R. H., Lund, B. J., Smolen, S. D., Zhao, Z., Gai, M., Lynn, K. G. | 1991 | Upper limits on emission of neutrons from Ti in pressurized D2 gas cells: A test of evidence for 'cold fusion' | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 43 | Upper limits on emission of neutrons from Ti in pressurized D2 gas cells: A test of evidence for 'cold fusion' | D2, titanium, Ti-Pd, neutron | ||||||||
| 3536 | Journal Article | Rusetskiy, A. S., Bagulya, A. V., Kalkarov, O. D., Negodaev, M. A., Chubenko, A. P., Lyakhov, B. F., Saunin, E. I., Ralchenko, V. G. | 2016 | Investigation of Enhancement and Stimulation of DD-reaction Yields in Crystalline Deuterated Heterostructures at Low Energies using the HELIS Ion Accelerator | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 264 Investigation of Enhancement and Stimulation of DD-reaction Yields in Crystalline Deuterated Heterostructures at Low Energies using the HELIS Ion Accelerator | Enhancement of reaction yield, DD-reaction, Ion accelerator, Neutron detector, Plastic track detector | In this study, we present the results of studies of DD reactions in crystalline heterostructures at low energies using the ion accelerator HELIS. The results of measurements of the DD-reaction yields from the Pd/PdO:Dx and the Ti/TiO2:Dx heterostructures in the energy range of 10?25 keV are presented. The neutron and proton fluxes are measured using a neutron detector based on 3Hecounters and a CR-39 plastic track detector. Comparisons with calculations show significant DD-reaction yield enhancement. It was first shown that the impact of the H+ and Ne+ ion beams in the energy range of 10?25 keV at currents of 0.01?0.1 mA on the deuterated heterostructure results in an appreciable DD-reaction yield stimulation. We also studied the neutron yield in DD reactions within a polycrystalline deuterium-saturated CVD diamond, during irradiation of its surface by a deuterium ion beam with energy of less than 30 keV. The measurements of the neutron flux in the beam direction are performed in dependence on the target angle, Beta, with respect to the beam axis. A significant anisotropy in neutron yield is observed, it was higher by a factor of 3 at Beta = 0 compared to that at Beta = +/- 45 deg. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=272 | ||||||
| 3537 | Journal Article | Rusov, V. D., Zelentsova, T. N., Semenov, M. Yu., Radin, I. V., Babikova, Yu. F., Kruglyak, Yu. A. | 1989 | Fast neutron recording by dielectric track detectors in a palladium-deuterated-tritated water system in an electrolytic cell | Pis`ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz., Vol = 15, Num = 19, Page = 9 (In Russian) | Fast neutron recording by dielectric track detectors in a palladium-deuterated-tritated water system in an electrolytic cell | D2O, T2O, Pd-Ag, electrolysis, CR-39, neutron | ||||||||
| 3538 | Journal Article | Russell, J. L. | 1990 | Plausibility argument for a suggested mechanism for cold fusion | Ann. Nucl. Energy, Vol = 17, Num = 10, Page = 545 | Plausibility argument for a suggested mechanism for cold fusion | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 3539 | Journal Article | Russell, J. L. | 1991 | Virtual electron capture in deuterium | Ann. Nucl. Energy, Vol = 18 | Virtual electron capture in deuterium | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 3540 | Journal Article | Russell, J. L. | 1991 | Proposed heat producing nuclear reaction for cold fusion | Ann. Nucl. Energy, Vol = 18 | Proposed heat producing nuclear reaction for cold fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 3541 | Journal Article | Russell, J. L. | 1993 | On the nature of the cold fusion process | Ann. Nucl. Energy, Vol = 20 | On the nature of the cold fusion process | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 3542 | Journal Article | Ruzic, D. N., Schatz, K., Nguyen, P. L. | 1989 | A novel apparatus to investigate the possibility of plasma-assisted cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | A novel apparatus to investigate the possibility of plasma-assisted cold fusion | gas discharge, method, Pd, D2 | ||||||||
| 3543 | Journal Article | Ryan, R. R., Garcia, E., Dickinson, J. T., Schmidt, S., Fowler, M., Wilhelmy, J., Voter, A., Agnew, S., Swanson, B. | 1989 | Exploration of the Possibility of Fracturing Processes of Metal Deuterides (or Tritides) as a Mechanism for Nuclear Fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Exploration of the Possibility of Fracturing Processes of Metal Deuterides (or Tritides) as a Mechanism for Nuclear Fusion | fractofusion, proposal | ||||||||
| 3544 | Journal Article | Sada, H. | 1997 | Theory of nuclear reactions in solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 32 | Theory of nuclear reactions in solids | Theory, Bloch | ||||||||
| 3545 | Journal Article | Sahni, V. C. | 1990 | Comment on 'Cold fusion in condensed matter: is a theoretical description in terms of usual solid state physics possible?' | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 4, Num = 7, Page = 497 | Comment on 'Cold fusion in condensed matter: is a theoretical description in terms of usual solid state physics possible?' | theory, critique, Schommers | ||||||||
| 3546 | Journal Article | Saito, N., Sakuta, K., Sawata, S., Tanimoto, M., Takata, N. | 1990 | Search for cold-fusion neutrons from palladium breathing deuterons | Denshi Gijutsu Sogo Kenkyusho Iho, Vol = 54, Num = 9, Page = 986 (in Japanese) | Search for cold-fusion neutrons from palladium breathing deuterons | Pd, D2, electrolysis, neutron, D2 | ||||||||
| 3547 | Journal Article | Saito, N., Sakuta, K., Sawata, S., Tanimoto, M., Takata, N. | 1991 | Measurement of neutrons from cold fusion | Hoshasen, Vol = 17, Num = 1, Page = 31 (in Japanese) | Measurement of neutrons from cold fusion | neutron, Pd, D2, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3548 | Conference Proceedings | Saito, T., Sumi, M., Asami, N., Ikegami, H. | 1995 | Studies on Fleischmann-Pons Calorimetry with ICARUS 1 | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 105 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Studies on Fleischmann-Pons Calorimetry with ICARUS 1 | D2O, Pd, heat, electrolysis, critique, Fleischmann, ICCF-5 | The Fleischmann-Pons calorimetry (FPC) is examined with the ICARUS 1 system, which is identical to the original cells which they designed for their calorimetry. In the present experimental studies, a critical evaluation is made of their original method (FPC) and a modified version of FPC is proposed. Its usefulness and validity is experimentally examined by detecting and regenerating artificial heat pulses regarded as heat excess. The original calorimeter design of P-F was used and evaluated. Using a Pt cathode, the error in the technique was found to be ??0.3 W. The calculation method of PF was found to be inadequate and was modified to give a sensitivity of 30 mW. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=121 | ||
| 3549 | Conference Proceedings | Sakaguchi, H., Adachi, G., Nagao, K. | 1992 | Helium Isotopes from Deuterium Absorbed in LaNi5 | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 527 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Helium Isotopes from Deuterium Absorbed in LaNi5 | Helium, D2, LaNi5 ICCF-3 | Helium isotopes (3He and 4He) from D2 and H2 gases absorbed in LaNi4 were analyzed with a noble gas mass spectrometer. The reproducible increase in 3He, corresponding to a fusion probability of > 8.0?10^-24 d-d*s^-1, was observed on the D2-experiment, whereas 3He was not formed by the reaction of H2 and LaNi5. 4He production was unreliable, because the reproducibility of the result has not been obtained. D2 absorbed in LaNi5 was found to produce He-3. H2 produced no effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=265 | ||
| 3550 | Conference Proceedings | Sakamoto, S. | 1993 | Observations of Cold Fusion Neutrons from Condensed Matter | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 19 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Observations of Cold Fusion Neutrons from Condensed Matter | neutron, Pd, D2O, NaOH, ICCF-4, electrolysis | |||||
| 3551 | Journal Article | Sakamoto, Y., Chen, F. L., Ura, M., Flanagan, T. B. | 1995 | Thermodynamic properties for solution of hydrogen in palladium-based binary alloys | Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., Vol = 99, Num = 6, Page = 807 | Thermodynamic properties for solution of hydrogen in palladium-based binary alloys | Pd, thermodynamic, H2 | ||||||||
| 3552 | Conference Proceedings | Sakamoto, Y., Imoto, M., Takai, K., Yanaru, T. | 1996 | Calorimetric Enthalpies in the b-phase Regions of Pd Black-H(D) Systems | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 162 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Calorimetric Enthalpies in the b-phase Regions of Pd Black-H(D) Systems | Pd-H, Pd-D, enthalpy of formation thermodynamic, pressure ICCF-6 PdD PdH | The enthalpies for the reaction of gaseous hydrogen and deuterium with palladium black in p-prrase region have been measured in the temperature range-323 K to 194.5 K and pressures up to about 7.6 MPa of H2(D2) using a differential heat flow low temperature calorimeter. The calorimetrically determined enthalpies, Delta HH(D), for solution in the p-phase regions of 0.7| http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=177
| | ||
| 3553 | Journal Article | Sakamoto, Y., Imoto, M., Takai, K., Yanaru, T., Ohshima, K. | 1996 | Calorimetric enthalpies for palladium-hydrogen (deuterium) systems at H(D) contents up to about [H]([D])/[Pd] = 0.86 | J. Phys.: Condens. Mater., Vol = 8 | Calorimetric enthalpies for palladium-hydrogen (deuterium) systems at H(D) contents up to about [H]([D])/[Pd] = 0.86 | enthalpy of formation, thermodynamic, pressure | ||||||||
| 3554 | Journal Article | Sakamoto, Y., Ohira, K., Kokubu, M., Flanagan, T. B. | 1997 | Thermodynamic properties for solutions of hydrogen in Pd-Pt-Rh alloys | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Thermodynamic properties for solutions of hydrogen in Pd-Pt-Rh alloys | thermodynamic, Pd-Pt-Rh, H2, phase diagram, pressure | ||||||||
| 3555 | Journal Article | Sakoh, H., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Kitamura, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y., Murota, T., Tahara, T. | 2014 | Hydrogen isotope absorption and heat release characteristics of a Ni-based sample | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | Hydrogen isotope absorption and heat release characteristics of a Ni-based sample | Catalyst, Cu?i alloy nano-powder, Protium absorption | Recently, several researchers claimed excess heat from Ni-based alloy samples under application to gas-phase protium absorption experiments instead of expensive Pd-based nanocompounds. We have performed hydrogen isotope absorption runs using the Cu-Ni-ZrO2(CNZ) and Ni-ZrO2(NZ) nano-powders. We observed long-lasting temperature change corresponding to astonishingly large output energy of several hundred eV/atom-Ni. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=481 | ||||||
| 3556 | Journal Article | Salamon, M. H., Wrenn, M. E., Bergeson, H. E., Crawford, K. C., Delaney, W. H., Henderson, C. L., Li, Y. Q., Rusho, J. A., Sandquist, G. M., Seltzer, S. M. | 1990 | Limits on the emission of neutrons, gamma-rays, electrons and protons from Pons/Fleischmann electrolytic cells | Nature (London), Vol = 344 | Limits on the emission of neutrons, gamma-rays, electrons and protons from Pons/Fleischmann electrolytic cells | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 3557 | Journal Article | Salomons, E. M., Feenstra, R., de Groot, D. G., Rector, J. H., Griessen, R. | 1987 | Pressure-Composition Isotherms of Thin Pd-H Films | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 130 | Pressure-Composition Isotherms of Thin Pd-H Films | Pd, H, Phase Diagram, layer | ||||||||
| 3558 | Journal Article | Salvarezza, R. C., Montemayor, M. C., Fatas, E., Arvia, A. J. | 1991 | Electrochemical study of hydrogen absorption in polycrystalline palladium | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 313 | Electrochemical study of hydrogen absorption in polycrystalline palladium | loading, Pd, H2O, electrolysis, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 3559 | Conference Proceedings | Samgin, A. L., Baraboshkin, A. N., Murigin, I., Tsvetkov, S. A., Andreev, V. S., Vakarin, S. V. | 1993 | The Influence of Conductivity on Neutron Generation Process in Proton Conducting Solid Electrolytes | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 5 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | The Influence of Conductivity on Neutron Generation Process in Proton Conducting Solid Electrolytes | neutron proton conductor SrCeO, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3560 | Conference Proceedings | Samgin, A. L., Finodeyev, O., Tsvetkov, S. A., Andreev, V. S., Khokhlov, V. A., Filatov, E. S., Murygin, I. V., Gorelov, V. P., Vakarin, S. V. | 1995 | Cold Fusion and Anomalous Effects in Deuteron Conductors During Non-Stationary High-Temperature Electrolysis | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 201 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Cold Fusion and Anomalous Effects in Deuteron Conductors During Non-Stationary High-Temperature Electrolysis | Solid electrolyte, perovskite, heat+ neutron proton conductor, ICCF-5 | The studies were conducted with the perovslcite-type solid electrolytes based on the strontium and barium ccrates under hydrogen and deuterium atmosphere. Anomalous effects were found manifesting themselves in the overbackground neutron bursts, excess heat release, phase composition and crystal lattice parameter changes. At 200-750? C the regions of the temperature were identified which accompained by significant heat evolution that was greater in the deuteron conductors than in the proton conductors. Sr(Ba)CeO3 doped with Dy and Nd oxides used in D2 and H2 between 200??? and 750???. Excess energy observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=2 | ||
| 3561 | Conference Proceedings | Samgin, A. L., Vakarin, S. V., Andreev, V. S., Khokhlov, V. A., Filatov, E. S., Gorelov, V. P. | 1996 | Solid protonic conductors: conductivity, structure, protron traps, phase transitions, excess heat and neutron anti-effect | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 564 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Solid protonic conductors: conductivity, structure, protron traps, phase transitions, excess heat and neutron anti-effect | In our study of high temperature proton conductor (HTPC) it is shown that thermal and radiation effects can be correlated to a set of peculiarities of their structural and electric properties. These materials may be considered as model object to be searched for the elucidation of mechanism of anomalous phenomena in solid/deuterium systems. The ceramics are in specific cases superior to palladium. Our experiments were conducted with ceramic sandwich-like structure on the base of strontium cerate, espesially synthesized, with porous platinum or palladium coating. Analysis of some peculiarities of conductivity nature of HTPC shows that conductivity can not be satisfactorily explained without considering interaction between protons as well as protons and crystal lattice environment. The available electrochemical data on ionic (in this case on hydrogen nuclei) transport suggest that processes of nuclear interaction simultaneously occur which may result in cold fusion phenomena. The phase transition at 445? and similar behavior at other points in the range to lOOO? were found. We have established that pass through a region of phase transition is correlated to heat effect. A transition from exothermic to endothermic effect during cooling and heating of ceramic has been found. Analysis of X-ray studies shows that processes of explosive character inside lattice of sample, which give rise to the neutron and heat effects, can occur. We observed a incomprehensible influence of background on neutron emission, as well as a decay of neutron background inside the protection container with the sample. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=163 | ||||
| 3562 | Conference Proceedings | Samgin, A. L. | 1996 | Structural changes on single crystals in neutron generation experiments | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 606 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Structural changes on single crystals in neutron generation experiments | neutron | This paper presents the results of new analysis of X-ray data ( crystal lattice parameters and elementary cell volumes) both before and after experiments. On the basis of detection of structural changes, it is reasonable to suggest that the generation of neutrons occurs at the instant of disruption of channel structure of solid, associated with compression of crystal lattice. Perhaps the processes of explosive character inside the crystal, caused structure rebuilding, take place. Such changes may be considered as phase transition. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=207 | |||
| 3563 | Conference Proceedings | Samsonenko, N. V., Tsarev, V. A. | 1996 | Cold fusion activities in Russia | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 695 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Cold fusion activities in Russia | review | A review of Cold Fusion researches in Russia during last two years is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=296 | |||
| 3564 | Journal Article | Samsonenko, N. V., Tahti, D. V., Ndahayo, F. | 1996 | On the Barut-Vigier model of the hydrogen atom | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 220 | On the Barut-Vigier model of the hydrogen atom | Theory, Bohr orbit | ||||||||
| 3565 | Journal Article | Samsonenko, N. V., Tahti, D. V., Ndahayo, F. | 1997 | Reply to the comment on 'On the Barut-Vigier model of the hydrogen atom' by Samsonenko et al | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 229 | Reply to the comment on 'On the Barut-Vigier model of the hydrogen atom' by Samsonenko et al | theory, critique, Drazic | ||||||||
| 3566 | Conference Proceedings | Sanchez, C., Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F., Canizares, J. | 1989 | Cold Fusion During Electrolysis of Heavy Water With Ti and Pt Electrodes | Understanding Cold Fusion Phenomena | Ricci, R. A., Marco, F. De, Sindoni, E. | Varenna | 15-16 Sept. 1989 | Cold Fusion During Electrolysis of Heavy Water With Ti and Pt Electrodes | titanium, D2O, neutron, gamma emission tritium | |||||
| 3567 | Journal Article | Sanchez, C., Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F. J., Canizares, J. | 1989 | Nuclear products detection during electrolysis of heavy water with titanium and platinum electrodes | Solid State Commun., Vol = 71 | Nuclear products detection during electrolysis of heavy water with titanium and platinum electrodes | gamma emission neutron, tritium, electrolysis, titanium, Pt, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3568 | Journal Article | Sandquist, G. M., Rogers, V. C. | 1990 | Enhancement of cold fusion reaction rates | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Enhancement of cold fusion reaction rates | discussion | ||||||||
| 3569 | Conference Proceedings | Sankaranarayanan, M., Srinivasan, M., Bajpai, M., Gupta, D. S. | 1993 | Investigation of Low Level Tritium Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 3 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Investigation of Low Level Tritium Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells | H2O, Ni, tritium, ICCF-4 electrolysis | |||||
| 3570 | Conference Proceedings | Sankaranarayanan, M., Srinivasan, M., Bajpai, M., Gupta, D. S. | 1993 | Investigation of Low Level Tritium Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells | ICCF4, Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3? | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Investigation of Low Level Tritium Generation in Ni-H2O Electrolytic Cells | H2O, Ni, tritium | ||||||
| 3571 | Conference Proceedings | Sankaranarayanan, T. K., Srinivasan, M., Bajpai, M. B., Gupta, D. S. | 1995 | Evidence for Tritium Generation in Self-Heated Nickel Wires Subjected to Hydrogen Gas Absorption/Desorption Cycles | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 173 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Evidence for Tritium Generation in Self-Heated Nickel Wires Subjected to Hydrogen Gas Absorption/Desorption Cycles | Ni, H2, tritium, heat-, ICCF-5 | The loading characteristics of hydrogen gas in electrically self-heated nickel wires was investigated with a view to maximise hydrogen absorption and thereafter 'trigger' it to generate anomalous excess heat as reported by Focardi et. al in early 1994. The nickel wires were found to absorb substantial quantity of hydrogen following several alternate cycles of absorption/desorption. But calorimetric studies conducted with the system so far indicate that we have not succeeded in triggering excess heat generation. However on dissolution and counting using standard liquid scintillation techniques, a number of hydrogen loaded nickel wires were found to contain tritium in the range of 3 Bq to 2333 Bq. This finding corroborates the detection of tritium in light water solutions electrolysed by nickel cathodes reported by the authors first at ICCF - 3 (Nagoya, 1992) and again at ICCF - 4 (Hawaii, 1993), confirming the occurrence of anomalous nuclear reactions in nickel-hydrogen systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Sankaranarevidencefo.pdf | ||
| 3572 | Journal Article | Sankaranarayanan, T. K., Srinivasan, M., Bajpai, M. B., Gupta, D. S. | 1996 | Investigation of low-level tritium generation in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Investigation of low-level tritium generation in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells | Ni, H2O, tritium | The generation of tritium during the electrolysis of aqueous light water alkali carbonate (K2CO3 and Li2CO3) solutions by nickel cathodes, first reported by us at the International Conference on Cold Fusion-3 (Nagoya, Japan, October 1992) has once again been verified and confirmed. During 1993, 10 out of 23 cells, whose electrolytes were analyzed using a newly set up dedicated liquid scintillation counting unit, indicated low tritium levels in the electrolyte, in the range of 0.5 to 4.8 Bq/ml. Except one cell, which contained 25% D2O, the remaining nine cells, which produced tritium, were charged with natural light water solutions only. Two of these cells, which were monitored for tritium every few days, and excluding cell OM-3, which was set up in 1992, indicated tritium level variations in a sawtooth fashion, suggesting the possible presence of an as yet unidentified mechanism responsible for periodically removing tritium from the electrolyte. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Sankaranarinvestigatb.pdf | ||||||
| 3573 | Journal Article | Sannikov, V.I ., Gorodetskii, V. G., Sulimov, E. M., Polosukhin, B. G., Kudyakov, V. Ya. | 1991 | Emission of neutrons and gamma-quanta from a titanium electrode polarised by a current in the gas phase over LiD | Rasplavy | Emission of neutrons and gamma-quanta from a titanium electrode polarised by a current in the gas phase over LiD | titanium, D2, LiD, gas discharge, gamma emission, neutron | ||||||||
| 3574 | Conference Proceedings | Sano, T., Terasuwa, T., Ohi, T., Nezu, S. | 1992 | Preparation of Pd Electrodes and Their Hydrogen Loading Rates | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 569 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Preparation of Pd Electrodes and Their Hydrogen Loading Rates | loading, Pd-Ag, Pd-Ce, Pd, H2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | We prepared a series of palladium-based rods with various compositions and processing histories as cathode for water electrolysis. These rods were evaluated in terms of hydrogen loading ratio (H/Pd). The hydrogen loading ratios of Pd-Ag and Pd-Ce alloys were compared with that of a pure Pd rod. The hydrogen loading ratios of Pd rods were subjected to a kneeling and/or cold-working (swaging) are also compared with that of a cast Pd rod. The results show that the alloying markedly reduces the loading ratio, and neither a kneeling (350 - 650?) your swaging (up to the processing ratio of 98%) produces a distinct effect. Pd and alloys of Ag and Ce were subjected to different treatments and tested for loading ability. The H/Pd ratio decreased as both the content of Ag or Ce increased. Annealing up to 650??? made no change over swaged material. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=306 | ||
| 3575 | Journal Article | Santandrea, R. P., Behrens, R. G. | 1986 | A review of the thermodynamics and phase relationships in the palladium- hydrogen, palladium-deuterium and palladium-tritium systems | High Temperature Materials and Processes, Vol = 7 | A review of the thermodynamics and phase relationships in the palladium- hydrogen, palladium-deuterium and palladium-tritium systems | review, Phase Diagram, thermodynamic, Pd, H, D, T, diffusion, structure | ||||||||
| 3576 | Journal Article | Santhanam, K. S. V., Ragarajan, J., Braganza, O'N., Haram, S. K., Limaye, N. M., Mandal, K. C. | 1989 | Electrochemically initiated cold fusion of deuterium | Indian J. Technol., Vol = 27 | Electrochemically initiated cold fusion of deuterium | titanium electrolysis, heat+, D2O, neutron NaCl Pd | ||||||||
| 3577 | Journal Article | Santhanam, K. S. V., Rangarajan, J., Mandal, K. C., Haram, S. K. | 1989 | Excess enthalpy during electrolysis of D2O | Curr. Sci., Vol = 58 | Excess enthalpy during electrolysis of D2O | heat+, titanium, electrolysis, D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 3578 | Conference Proceedings | Santucci, A., Borgognoni, F., Tosti, S. | 2009 | Electrical resistivity and linear expansion of a hydrogenated Pd/Ag permeator tube (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Electrical resistivity and linear expansion of a hydrogenated Pd/Ag permeator tube (PowerPoint slides) | materials | * Pd-25% wt. Ag alloy is considered for manufacturing hydrogen separators * The linear expansion and resisitivity of Pg-Ag membranes have been measured under operating conditions typical of hydrogen separation processes * Membrane module design (finger-like tube assembly, ohmic heating) has been based on the results of the experimental tests | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SantucciAelectrical.pdf | ||||
| 3579 | Conference Proceedings | Santucci, A., Esposito, V., Licoccia, S., Traversa, E. | 2009 | Synthesis and characterization of BaCe1-xYxO3-delta protonic conductor (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Synthesis and characterization of BaCe1-xYxO3-delta protonic conductor (PowerPoint slides) | materials | In recent years, doped perovskite such as barium cerates (BaCeO3), strontium cerates (SrCeO3) and barium zirconates (BaZr03) have been studied as ceramic proton conductors for several technological applications: protonic membranes, hydrogen separation, catalytic support and solid oxides fuel cell components. Among those compounds, yttrium doped barium cerates have the best performances in terms of protonic conductivity at lowest temperature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SantucciAsynthesisa.pdf | ||||
| 3580 | Conference Proceedings | Santucci, A., Borgognoni, F., Tosti, S. | 2009 | Electrical resistivity and linear expansion of a hydrogenated Pd/Ag permeator tube | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Electrical resistivity and linear expansion of a hydrogenated Pd/Ag permeator tube | The Pd-Ag-H system is of particular importance with respect to the separation and purification of the hydrogen gas. Pd-Ag alloys have high selectivity for hydrogen gas permeation and thus are suitable for manufacturing hydrogen selective membranes. Accordingly, among the technological properties many authors have studied the electrical resistivity and linear expansion of the Pd-Ag-H system, but no data are available in a wide range of temperature and hydrogen pressure. During this activity, the solubility, the linear expansion, the resistivity and the permeability of a Pd/Ag (with Ag 25% wt) permeator tube has been measured in both hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated conditions. The experiments have been carried out in a temperature and in a lumen hydrogen partial pressure range of 50-400 ? and 0-400 kPa, respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=202 | |||||
| 3581 | Conference Proceedings | Santucci, A., Esposito, V., Licoccia, S., Traversa, E. | 2009 | Synthesis and characterization of BaCe1-xYxO3-d protonic conductor | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Synthesis and characterization of BaCe1-xYxO3-d protonic conductor | In recent years, doped perovskites such as barium cerates (BaCeO3), strontium cerates (SrCeO3) and barium zirconates (BaZrO3) have been studied as ceramic proton conductors for several technological applications: protonic membranes, hydrogen separation, catalytic support and solid oxides fuel cell components. Among those compounds, yttrium doped barium cerates have the best performances in terms of protonic conductivity at lowest temperature. In this activity, doped BCY oxide powders was synthesized via novel soft chemical route. The method is based on the formation of a metallorganic xero-gel at room temperature. The structural phase of powders and dense pellets were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the morphology was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measures were performed on dense pellet under synthetic air flux and hydrogen atmosphere in a temperature range between 200-750 ? with a frequency range of 10mHz-10MHz. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=208 | |||||
| 3582 | Conference Proceedings | Sapogin, L. G. | 1994 | I. Deuterium Interaction in Unitary Quantum Theory | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 91 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | I. Deuterium Interaction in Unitary Quantum Theory | theory | ||||
| 3583 | Conference Proceedings | Sapogin, L. G. | 1994 | II. On the Mechanism of Cold Nuclear Fusion | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 96 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | II. On the Mechanism of Cold Nuclear Fusion | theory | ||||
| 3584 | Conference Proceedings | Sapogin, L. G. | 1995 | On One of Energy Generation Mechanism in Initary Quantum Theory | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 361 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | On One of Energy Generation Mechanism in Initary Quantum Theory | theory, ICCF-5 | It is now a well established fact that in Cold Nuclear Fusion (CNF) only a small portion of heat results from nuclear reactions, the rest being of a mysterious origin. In this connection Prof. Peter Hagelstain writes in [ 1 ] : 'Some say that this heat can be explained easily by elementary chemical reactions, phase changes, or battery-like storage effects. I have trouble with these explanations' . For instance, nickel electrolysis in light water produces the same amount of energy as that of palladium in heavy water. Besides, we have to consider a no less mysterious phenomenon of sonoluminescence, that was discovered in Russia in 1 933 by S.N.Rzhevkin. At first sight these phenomena seem to bear no correlation. But Julian Schwinger, the Nobel Laureate and profound research worker, has drawn parallels between cold fusion and sonoluminescence in his continuous technical publication on both topics. He notes in [2] : 'Like Cold Fusion, sonoluminescence 'should not exist', but it does. This now well established phenomenon occurs when ultrasonic sound, beamed into liquid, causes bubbles to oscillate stably - to expand and contract regularly - and also to emit regular pulses of light'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=164 | ||
| 3585 | Journal Article | Sapogin, L. G., Kulikov, I. V. | 1995 | Cold nuclear fusion in the unitary quantum theory | Chin. J. Nucl. Phys., Vol = 17 | Cold nuclear fusion in the unitary quantum theory | theory | ||||||||
| 3586 | Conference Proceedings | Sapogin, L. G. | 1996 | Energy generation process and cold nuclear fusion in terms of Schrodinger equation | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 595 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Energy generation process and cold nuclear fusion in terms of Schrodinger equation | Theory | Proceeding from the complete Schrodinger equation at small energyes the classic variable charge particle motion equation has been obtained, the later providing a good explanation for CNF and the excessive energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=196 | |||
| 3587 | Journal Article | Sapogin, L. G. | 1997 | Energy generation processes and cold nuclear fusion in terms of Schroedinger equation | Chin. J. Nucl. Phys., Vol = 19, Num = 2, Page = 115 | Energy generation processes and cold nuclear fusion in terms of Schroedinger equation | Theory | ||||||||
| 3588 | Conference Proceedings | Sapogin, L. G. | 1998 | The Theory of Excess Energy in PAGD Reactor (Correa Reactor) | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 472 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The Theory of Excess Energy in PAGD Reactor (Correa Reactor) | gas discharge, theory, ICCF-7 | Tesla and Tandberg in their already old works have first discovered generation of very short and powerfol bursts of electric current with an absolutely unknown nature under some certain conditions of a gas discharge on direct current. One did not pay any serious attention to that phenomenon. And only in the recent works of Paulo and Alexandra Correa it was shown that by creation of the conditions for abnormal gas discharge (PAGD - Pulsed Abnormal Glow Discharge) on direct current powerful bursts of alternating current appear. The energy of these bursts exceeds several times the consumed energy (up to 10 times). In this experiment one can observe that a part of electric current carriers (obviously electrons) gain high velocities being the reason for excess energy generation. According to the unitary quantum theory it possible to explain easily the generation of excess energy [1, 7, 8]. The electrons can oscillate with a high plasma frequency relatively to very heavy positive ions. Their behaviour is possible to explain as oscillations in a potential well with the rims of various height. A t some certain values of initial phase the approximate equation of the unitary quantum theory with an oscillating charge can yield the 'mathernily home' solution [1,7,8]. As a result of the electrones having gained a high energy with a high velosity they fly out of the wells, and always in one direction. It is the energy generation process - and not nuclear reactions - that are responsible for excess energy creation. The mathematical process model is created as well as an approximate solution of the non-linear difforential equation is achieved. The range of values of initial phases allowing the energy generation process is determined. If the experimental research of Tesla, Tandberg and Correa are correct then there is no doubt the foture power industry would be developing in this direction and not in today's fashionable direction of the cold nuclear fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=472 | ||
| 3589 | Conference Proceedings | Sarto, F., Castagna, E., Violante, V. | 2007 | Microscopic characterization of palladium electrodes for cold fusion experiments | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Microscopic characterization of palladium electrodes for cold fusion experiments | cathode material | Recent results [1] highlighted that material science is one of the more critical issues in condensed matter nuclear science. In the last years, the experimental results have given a clear indication that a relevant role within this task is played by the material properties of the cathodes. In order to improve the characterization of the materials, an approach based on the atomic force microscopy is proposed in this paper. The preliminary study is mainly oriented to identify, by means of the AFM results, parameters suitable for screening the materials. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=261 | |||||
| 3590 | Conference Proceedings | Sarto, F., Castagna, E., Sansovini, M., Lecci, S., Violante, V., Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., Hubler, G. K. | 2008 | Electrode Surface Morphology Characterization by Atomic Force Microscopy | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Electrode Surface Morphology Characterization by Atomic Force Microscopy | materials, electrode surface morphology | The introduction of hydrogen into a metal during electrolysis of water involves primarily the metallic surface. The effect of surface morphology on electrochemical reaction kinetics is well described in the literature 1 therefore it seems to be reasonable to assume that the surface morphology of the cathodes could play a role in the electrochemical metal-hydride formation. Actually, a wide variety of surface features and profiles have been observed in the Pd cathodes typically employed in excess heat production experiments. These features are noted in both the as-prepared samples and the electrolyzed ones. In order to establish a correlation between the occurrence of a particular surface morphology and calorimetric results, it is necessary to identify a useful metric with which to describe and compare the different surface morphologies. In this work an approach based on Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been investigated. The method is oriented toward the identification of parameters suitable for a pre-screening of the materials. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SartoFelectrodes.pdf | |||||
| 3591 | Conference Proceedings | Sarto, F., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Violante, V. | 2009 | The Role of Cathode's Surface Properties in the Electrochemical Deuterium Loading of Pd Foils (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | The Role of Cathode's Surface Properties in the Electrochemical Deuterium Loading of Pd Foils (PowerPoint slides) | materials, electrode surface morphology | Recent experimental evidences clearly indicate that the reproducibility of excess heat production is correlated with the cathode surface properties. To support the results, a theoretical frame has been also developed, that suggests that a relevant role in the excess heat production is played by the electrodynamics processes at the cathode interface. In particular, one of the mechanisms involved is the enhancement and spatial localization of the electro-magnetic field at the metal/electrolyte interface, promoted by proper surface roughness and morphology. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SartoFtheroleofc.pdf | ||||
| 3592 | Conference Proceedings | Sarto, F., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Violante, V. | 2009 | The Role of Cathode's Surface Properties in the Electrochemical Deuterium Loading of Pd Foils | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | The Role of Cathode's Surface Properties in the Electrochemical Deuterium Loading of Pd Foils | Recent experimental evidences clearly indicate that the reproducibility of excess heat production is correlated with the cathode surface properties. To support the results, a theoretical frame has been also developed, that suggests that a relevant role in the excess heat production is played by the electrodynamics processes at the cathode interface. In particular, one of the mechanisms involved is the enhancement and spatial localization of the electro-magnetic field at the metal/electrolyte interface, promoted by proper surface roughness and morphology. A further point to be considered is the dynamic character of the metal/electrolyte interface during electrochemical deuterium loading, that derives from the coupling between the different interface characteristics. Surface reconstruction of the metallic cathode is expected to happen, due to corrosion-deposition mechanisms, D/H transport, stress relaxation and defect production, and so on. All these mechanisms both affect and are affected by the surface properties, such as the morphology of the metal/electrolyte interface, the metallurgical and crystal structure of the cathode and the presence of contaminants. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=192 | |||||
| 3593 | Journal Article | Sasaki, A. | 1990 | An approach to cold fusion | Kenkyu Kiyo - Miyagi Kogyo Koto Senmom Gakko, Vol = 26 | An approach to cold fusion | gas discharge, titanium, ion bombardment, D2 | ||||||||
| 3594 | Journal Article | Sasaki, K. | 1998 | Report of my transmutation experiment | Kenkyu Kiyo - Miyagi Kogyo Koto Senmom Gakko, Vol = 26 | Report of my transmutation experiment | transmutation | ||||||||
| 3595 | Conference Proceedings | Sasaki, Y., Kitamura, A., Nohmi, T., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Deuterium Gas Charging Experiments with Pd Powders for Excess Heat Evolution (I) Results of absorption experiments using Pd powders | The 9th Meeting of Japan CF-Research Society | Shizuoka, Japan | Deuterium Gas Charging Experiments with Pd Powders for Excess Heat Evolution (I) Results of absorption experiments using Pd powders | Pd-black nanoparticle heat | A twin system for hydrogen-isotope absorption experiments has been constructed to replicate the phenomenon of heat and 4He generation during D2 gas absorption in nano-sized Pd powders reported by Arata and Zhang, and to investigate the underlying physics. For PdZr oxide nano-powders, anomalously large energies of hydrogen isotope absorption, 2.4 ?0.2 eV/D-atom and 1.8 ?0.4 eV/H-atom, as well as large loading ratios of D/Pd =1.1 ?0.0 and H/Pd =1.1 ?0.3, respectively, were observed during deuteride/hydride formation. The sample charged with D2 also showed significantly positive output energy in the second phase after deuteride formation. Results for 0.1-μm diameter Pd powder samples and Pd-black samples are also shown, for comparison. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SasakiYdeuteriumg.pdf | |||||
| 3596 | Conference Proceedings | Sasaki, Y., Kitamura, A., Nohmi, T., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes (I) Results of absorption experiments using Pd powders (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes (I) Results of absorption experiments using Pd powders (PowerPoint slides) | nano-particles, excess heat | Aim It has been reported that charging of highly pure D2 gas into Pd nano-powders in the form of Pd/ZrO2 nano-composite contained in a stainless-steel vacuum vessel has induced significant excess heat. We have constructed an experimental system to confirm the phenomenon of heat and 4He generation by calorimetry and investigate the underlying physics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SasakiYanomaloush.pdf | ||||
| 3597 | Conference Proceedings | Sasaki, Y., Kitamura, A., Miyoshi, Y., Nohmi, T., Taniike, A., Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes, (I) Results of absorption experiments using Pd powders | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes, (I) Results of absorption experiments using Pd powders | A twin system for hydrogen-isotope absorption experiments has been constructed to replicate the phenomenon of heat and 4He generation by D2 gas absorption in nano-sized Pd powders reported by Arata and Zhang, and to investigate the underlying physics. For Pd?r oxide nano-powders, anomalously large energies of hydrogen isotope absorption, 2.4 ?0.2 eV/D-atom and 1.8 ?0.4 eV/H-atom, as well as large loading ratio of D/Pd =1.1 ?0.0 and H/Pd =1.1 ?0.3, respectively, were observed in the phase of deuteride/hydride formation. The sample charged with D2 also showed significantly positive output energy in the second phase after the deuteride formation. For comparison , results for 0.1-?f Pd powder samples and Pd-black samples are also shown. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=138 | |||||
| 3598 | Journal Article | Sastry, K. S. R. | 1989 | Fusion reaction | Science, Vol = 244 | May, 1989 | Fusion reaction | energy, nuclear reaction | |||||||
| 3599 | Journal Article | Sato, T., Okamoto, M., Kim, P., Fujii, Y., Aizawa, O. | 1991 | Detection of neutrons in electrolysis of heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Detection of neutrons in electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 3600 | Journal Article | Savinell, R. F., Burney Jr., H. S. | 1990 | Report of the electrolytic industries for the year 1989 | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 137 | Report of the electrolytic industries for the year 1989 | history | ||||||||
| 3601 | Journal Article | Savrasov, A., Prokopenko, V., Andreev, E. | 2017 | CR-39 Detector Track Characterization in Experiments with Pd/D Co-deposition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | CR-39 Detector Track Characterization in Experiments with Pd/D Co-deposition | alpha-Particle, Co-deposition, CR-39 Detector, Electrolysis | Four experiments replicating the GALILEO Project were performed. In two of them, excess ?-particle track density was observed in the CR-39 detectors in comparison with background CR-39 detectors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedu.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 3602 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Kucherov, Y., Karabut, A. B. | 1993 | Cathode Material Change after Deuterium Glow Discharge Experiments | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 16 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Cathode Material Change after Deuterium Glow Discharge Experiments | Pd, gas discharge, D2, fission, transmutation, Helium, radioactivity, gamma emission ICCF-4 | The results of impurity concentration measurements in a palladium cathode by different methods before and after deuterium glow discharge experiments are presented. The concentration of some impurities increases up to 104 times. Elements appear which cannot be found in the discharge environment. Autoradiography of cathode samples shows that isotopes with different radiation energy (less than 20 keV and more 100 keV) exist in the cathode after experiment. The obtained results cannot be explained by the existence of a conventional fusion reaction, but may be explained by a more complex fusion-fission reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Savvatimovcathodemat.pdf | |||
| 3603 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Karabut, A. B. | 1995 | Nuclear Reaction Products Registration on the Cathode after Glow Discharge | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 213 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Nuclear Reaction Products Registration on the Cathode after Glow Discharge | gas discharge, Pd, transmutation, radioactivity, ICCF-5 | We watched the changing of some impurity elements on tft7; Pd cathode ( 99,9% p u r i t y ) a fter proton, proton-deuteron and deuteron ion's irradiation under the equal glow discharge conditions. New elements and change in isotopic ratio seen in Pd target after irradiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=14 | ||
| 3604 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Karabut, A. B. | 1995 | Radioactivity of the Cathode Samples after Glow Discharge | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 209 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Radioactivity of the Cathode Samples after Glow Discharge | gas discharge, Pd, deuterium radioactivity, ion bombardment, Ag, Nb, titanium, D2, H2, Ar, Xe ICCF-5 x-ray | We registered the residual radioactivity of the cathode foils (Pd, Ag, Nb and other mateirals) after irradiation at the glow discharge. The samples were irradiated by proton, deuteron and argon, xenon ions with low energy. We consider that the main activity is beta emission from samples after experiments. Various metals (Pd, Ag, Nb and Ti) irradiated with H, D, Ar, or Xe ions. Samples exposed X-ray film. Level of activity first increased after irradiation then decreased. Activity was seen to result from Ar and Xe irradiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=10 | ||
| 3605 | Journal Article | Savvatimova, I., Karabut, A. B. | 1996 | Nuclear reaction products detected at the cathode after a glow discharge in deuterium | Poverkhnost | Nuclear reaction products detected at the cathode after a glow discharge in deuterium | gas discharge, Pd, fusion-fission, surface analysis, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3606 | Journal Article | Savvatimova, I., Karabut, A. B. | 1996 | Radioactivity of palladium cathodes after irradiation in a glow discharge | Poverkhnost | Radioactivity of palladium cathodes after irradiation in a glow discharge | Pd, Nb, As, titanium, gas discharge, autoradiograph transmutation | ||||||||
| 3607 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I. B., Senchukov, A. D. | 1996 | Transmutation Phenomena in the Palladium Cathode after Ions Irradiation at the Glow Discharge | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 575 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Transmutation Phenomena in the Palladium Cathode after Ions Irradiation at the Glow Discharge | glow discharge, transmutation | It was shown that the change of impurity elemental and isotopic composition after irradiation of the Pd cathode by glow discharge plasma ions depends on the structure of the cathode material, contents of the working environment, ion flux density and the location of the analyzed layer relative to the surface. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) and microprobe x-ray analysis (EDS) were used. The largest change of isotope ratio on the Pd cathode in comparison with a natural abundance appeared after irradiation with xenon and argon ions. The 104Pd concentration increased two times in comparison with protium irradiation. The dependence of the ratio of impurity elements and concentration upon the type of irradiating ions has been found. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=174 | |||
| 3608 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I. | 1998 | Transmutation Effects in the Cathode Exposed Glow Discharge, Nuclear Phenomena or Ion Irradiation Results? | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 342 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Transmutation Effects in the Cathode Exposed Glow Discharge, Nuclear Phenomena or Ion Irradiation Results? | transmutation, ion bombardment, surface analysis, Pd, D2, H2, ICCF-7 | The elemental and isotopic structure of the cathode materials before and after Glow Discharge (GD) experiments were analyzed by SNMS, EDS and SMS. The isotope shift tendency in Pd and Pd alloys and Ag was observed. The comparison of the quantity of impurity elements change and generation was made. The four same groups of certain impurities were repeatedly formed after Deuteron irradiation in similar conditions : light - with masses of 6, 7 10, 11 19, 20, 22; of middle masses near 0,5 matrix element; (+/- 10) of matrix element - Cd, So, Ag and of heavy masses 120-140 ( So, Te, Ba). The essential isotope shift (mass account) for the elements with 181 - 199 masses was noticed. The quantity of additional impurities, which was found after ion irradiation in Pd and Pd alloys, can to show in the following row with decreasing : Pd, alloys PdPTW, PdNi, PdRu, PdCu. The qualitative correlation of the maximum increase of impurities in the cathodes with the maximum heat output during GD experiment was noticed for temperature interval less 200?. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=342 | ||
| 3609 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Korolev, V. UI. | 1998 | Comparative Analysis of Heat Effect in Various Cathode Materials Exposed to Glow Discharge | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 335 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Comparative Analysis of Heat Effect in Various Cathode Materials Exposed to Glow Discharge | ion bombardment, heat+, gas discharge, D2 Pd-Pt-W, ICCF-7 | The comparative enthalpy generation in the various cathode materials during Deuterium and Protium Glow Discharge (GD) is offered. Enthalpy results in Pd and its alloys (PdPtW, PdRu, PdNi) and also for pure metals ( V, Nb, Zr, Ag ) are presented for equilibrium (constant temperature and current density) and non - equilibrium experimental conditions (during increment ofthe cathode temperature). The heat efficiency measurements in Pd alloys may be ranged on decrease in the following way: PdPtW, PdRu; PdNi; PdCu. Such measurements in other pure metals may be presented in the following way V, Zr, Ag. Heat effect shows good correlation with maximum of the elemental and isotopic content. The maximum heat output correlates with the maximum elemental and isotopic change for fixed experimental conditions. Estimation of the heat efficiency cathode materials in the dynamic equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions show that there are two regions with a difef rent mechanism of heat output are observed in the low and high temperature and current density area . The first maximum depends on loading Hydrogen and the second maximum does not depend on Hydrogen desorption and depends on the crystal lattice property and the interaction of the electric and magnetic fields (internal and external). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=335 | ||
| 3610 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I. | 2000 | Reproducibility of Experiments in Glow Discharge and Processes Accompanying Deuterium ions Bombardment | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 277 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Reproducibility of Experiments in Glow Discharge and Processes Accompanying Deuterium ions Bombardment | ion bombardment, D2, autoradiograph, film particle emission, titanium, Pd, radioactivity, gas discharge ICCF-8 | The problems of reproducibility of experiments in glow discharge (GD) and electrolysis are considered. The difficulty in estimation of nuclear and non-nuclear processes contribution in isotopic and elemental composition change in material irradiated by ions is noted. The post-experimental charged particles flow from samples in Deuterium GD was measured. The current ranging ~ 10^-6A?cm^-2 - ~10^-13A?cm^-2 was registered in the first 1 - 3 post-experimental minutes for different materials (Pd, Pd alloys, Ag and Mo) and experimental parameters. The emissions duration lasted 30-100 minutes and depended upon experimental parameters. Analysis of tracks on X-ray films placed inside and outside of a metal GD chamber has shown existence of tracks varying from several to tens of millimeters. The tracks were of various shapes: round and curvilinear, and also rotating including double spirals. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Savvatimovreproducib.pdf | ||
| 3611 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Dash, J. | 2002 | Emission registration on films during glow discharge experiments | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Emission registration on films during glow discharge experiments 4038 | glow discharge, ion bombardment, U, W, Zr, Pd, D2, D+, X-ray | Deuterium and protium experiments in the glow discharge apparatus were conducted with U, W, Zr, Pd foils placed on the cathode. The glow discharge apparatus contains two concentric quartz tubes, each with about five mm wall thickness. Kodak BioMax MR-2 films (13x18 cm) contained in individual packets are intended to detect gamma and x-ray emission in the energy range from 150 to 260 keV. The films were placed against the outer quartz tube about 70 mm from the electrodes during glow discharge operation time ranging from 1-25 hours. The applied glow discharge voltage during was 200-700 V, the current was 5-25 mA/cm^2, and the gas pressure was 2-5 torr. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Savvatimovemissionre.pdf | |||
| 3612 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Gavritenkov, D. | 2004 | Results Of Analysis Of Ti Foil After Glow Discharge With Deuterium | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Results Of Analysis Of Ti Foil After Glow Discharge With Deuterium | glow discharge, transmutation | In this study we report on the surface structure, distribution and isotopic composition of elements found on Ti cathodes before and after glow discharge in plasma, during which excess heat was produced. Irradiation was carried out with deuterium ions with a discharge voltage below 1000 volts, with a current of 10 to 20 mA. The analysis of the surface structure and of elemental composition of the Ti sample was carried out with a scanning electronic microscope with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), which can detect impurities at concentrations as low as 0.2 atomic %. New metallic phase formation and newly present elements were revealed by the EDS method in several different, separate active spots on the cathode surface, with concentrations ranging from 0.3% up to 10 or 20% or more . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Savvatimovresultsofa.pdf | |||||
| 3613 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Gavritenkov, D. | 2005 | Influence Of Parameters Of The Glow Discharge On Change Of Structure And The Isotope Composition Of The Cathode Materials | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Influence Of Parameters Of The Glow Discharge On Change Of Structure And The Isotope Composition Of The Cathode Materials | glow discharge | Results of examinations of changes in structure, element, and isotope composition of cathodes after the glow discharge exposure in hydrogen, deuterium, argon, and xenon are submitted. The voltage of the discharge was less than 1000 V and the current was 5-150 mA. Samples before and after ions bombardment in the glow discharge were explored by the methods of mass spectrometry: the secondary ions (SIMS), the secondary ions with additional ionization of neutral sprayed particles (SNMS), spark (SMS), and thermo-ionization (TIMS), and also methods of energy dispersion X-ray spectral analysis (EDX). The alpha-, beta-, gamma- emission, and gamma- spectrometry for radioactive uranium specimens were also carried out before and after experiments in the glow discharge. Changes in structure, isotope, and element composition of the cathode samples depend on current density, integrated ions flow (fluence of ions), kind of irradiating ions and other experimental conditions. Attempts are made to estimate qualitatively and quantitatively the role of each of the parameters on intensity of the observed changes in cathode composition. It is shown that the maximum changes in structure, chemical and isotope composition of the cathode material occur in 'hot points,' such as craters from microexplosions, phase segregations, blisters and other new formations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Savvatimovinfluenceo.pdf | ||||
| 3614 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I. | 2007 | Transmutation in Tungsten Irradiated by Low Energy Deuterium Ions | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Transmutation in Tungsten Irradiated by Low Energy Deuterium Ions | glow discharge | Analysis of tungsten and tantalum foils after deuterium discharge with the Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) method is described. Tungsten isotopes transmutation in elements lighter than tungsten was observed. Higher intensity of mass numbers 169, 170, 171, 178 and 180 was found. The mass spectra peak magnitudes for isotopes lighter than W increased by factors ranging from 5 to 400. The increase was from 5-50 cps in the original foils, to 100-20000 cps after deuterium discharge. Possible explanations for the reactions are suggested. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=284 | |||||
| 3615 | Conference Proceedings | Savvatimova, I., Savvatimova, G., Kornilova, A. A. | 2007 | Gamma Emission Evaluation in Tungsten Irradiated By Low Energy Deuterium Ions | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Gamma Emission Evaluation in Tungsten Irradiated By Low Energy Deuterium Ions | glow discharge | An analysis of tungsten and tantalum foils before, during and after deuterium discharge with the gamma/x-ray spectrometry is described. An increase in light isotopes in tungsten cathodes during and after deuterium discharge was identified using gamma/x-ray spectrometry. The comparison of thermal ionization massspectrometry (TIMS) data and a series of energy peaks in gamma-spectra is evidence that the series of peaks observed in gamma spectra belong to the following isotopes . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=267 | |||||
| 3616 | Journal Article | Savvatimova, I. B. | 2012 | Transmutation of Elements in Low-energy Glow Discharge and the Associated Processes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Transmutation of Elements in Low-energy Glow Discharge and the Associated Processes | Isotopic ratio change, Low-energy gas glow discharge, Mass-spectrometry, Palladium, Transmutation, Tungsten | The review of the main transmutation results in palladium and tungsten after the exposure to deuterium Glow Discharge (GD) measured by different Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Gamma-Spectrometry (GS) methods is given. The registered structure and isotopic ratio change alongside with formation of additional elements were accompanied by gamma and X-ray emission. The registered isotopic ratio change ranged within 2-1000 times, the quantity of additional elements undetected before varying within one tenth to dozens percents in Pd and Pd alloys. The isotopes with masses less than and exceeding those of the cathode material were measured in most of the experiments. The MS revealed that the tungsten isotopes transmutated into elements lighter than tungsten, higher post-experimental intensity of mass numbers 169, 170, 171, 178 and 180 being observed. The mass spectra peaks magnituded for isotopes lighter than W isotopes increased by factors ranging from 5 to 400. The registered increase varied from 5-50 cps in the original foils to 100-20 000 cps after the exposure to deuterium GD. Lighter isotopes in tungsten and tantalum foils placed on the GD cathode after deuterium GD exposure were identified using high resolution gamma/X-ray spectrometry. The comparison of thermal ionization mass-spectrometry (TIMS) data and data of gamma-spectra energy peaks allowed to assume that the peaks series observed in gamma spectra belong to the following isotopes: 169 70 Yb, 170 72 Hf , 171m 70 Yb, 172 72 Hf and 178 70 Yb. Correlation of TIMS and Gamma spectrometry data leads to the assumption that the appearance of light isotopes in tungsten resulted from the low-energy decay process initiation caused by deuterium GD. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=190 | ||||||
| 3617 | Journal Article | Sawada, T. | 2007 | A Particle Physicist's View on the Nuclear Cold Fusion Reaction | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | A Particle Physicist's View on the Nuclear Cold Fusion Reaction | Change of penetration factor, Charge quantization condition, Magnetic monopole, Nuclear cold fusion, Origin of nonreproducibility | There are two different types of scientists who believe in the reality of the nuclear cold fusion. The researchers, who observed the excess energy by experiments, belong to the first type. On the other hand, a small number of theoreticians, who are working on the physics of the magnetic monopole, know that the nuclear reaction of the zero incident energy proceeds when the system involves a magnetic monopole. Since the former group still lacks a theory of the nuclear cold fusion based on the first principle of the natural law, I believe it is fruitful to explain to the former group how the theoretician of the particle physics comes to arrive at the conclusion that the nuclear cold fusion must occur if a magnetic monopole exists, in the framework of the quantum theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=12 | ||||||
| 3618 | Journal Article | Sawada, T. | 2012 | Underlying Mechanism of the Nuclear of Implied by the Energy-momentum Conservation [ I ] | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Underlying Mechanism of the Nuclear of Implied by the Energy-momentum Conservation [ I ] | Charge-monopole system, Coulombic field, d-d Reaction, Momentum conservation, Momentum transfer | By studying the conservation of energy and momentum, it is found that in the nuclear cold fusion, existence of the localized external potential is necessary to absorb the large momentum transfer. We can narrow down the candidate of the required external field to the magnetic field produced by the magnetic monopole. The roll of the magnetic monopole in lowering the repulsive Coulomb barrier when two deuterons come close and fuse is considered. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=127 | ||||||
| 3619 | Journal Article | Scalia, A. | 1989 | The Nuclear Fusion for the Reactions 2H (d,n) 3He, 2H (d,p) 3H, 3H (d,n) 4 He | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 101, Num = 5, Page = 795 | The Nuclear Fusion for the Reactions 2H (d,n) 3He, 2H (d,p) 3H, 3H (d,n) 4 He | theory, fusion Rate | ||||||||
| 3620 | Conference Proceedings | Scalia, A., Figuera, P. | 1991 | The Cross Section Factor for the Reactions 2H(d,p)3H + 2H(d,n) 3He at Very Low Temperature | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 235 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | The Cross Section Factor for the Reactions 2H(d,p)3H + 2H(d,n) 3He at Very Low Temperature | cross section, fusion, energy, low energy, ICCF-2, tritium, neutron, d-p | A determined value of the fusion cross section sigma-f can be obtained by using the Rutherford differential cross section sigma-R . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=250 | ||
| 3621 | Conference Proceedings | Scaramuzzi, F. | 1991 | Survey of Gas Loading Experiments | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 445 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Survey of Gas Loading Experiments | review loading, D2, Pd, titanium YBCO ICCF-2 | Why Gas Loading? In March 1989 the results of two experiments, claiming for nuclear reactions taking place, at room temperature, in metal lattices (Pd and Ti) charged with deuterium, were presented. In both cases the technique chosen for charging the metals with deuterium consisted in using an electrolytic cell, containing heavy water, in which the cathodes were made out of Pd or Ti . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=460 | ||
| 3622 | Conference Proceedings | Scaramuzzi, F. | 1992 | Cold Fusion Research in Italy | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 353 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Cold Fusion Research in Italy | review, Italy, ICCF-3 | In the past 3 ? years many experiments have been performed in the field known with the conventional name of 'cold fusion' (CF), and a number of theories have attempted to interpret them and to assess them in a coherent picture. Differently from other fields in science, this area has grown in a quite strange atmosphere: the most striking aspect of it is the anomalous ?eography? of the activities, meaning by this term the different kind of development that research activities in this field have had in different countries. The following agencies are involved in CF: Nat. Inst. for Nucl. Phys. (INFN) Nat. Res. Council (CNR) Nat. Inst. for Health (ISS) Agency for New Technol., Energy, and Enviro. (ENEA) Univ. of Torino about 70 scientists working parttime | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=97 | ||
| 3623 | Journal Article | Scaramuzzi, F. | 1993 | La fusione fredda quattro anni dopo (Cold fusion four years later) | Chim. Ind. (Milan), Vol = 75, Num = 5, Page = 425 (in Italian) | La fusione fredda quattro anni dopo (Cold fusion four years later) | review | ||||||||
| 3624 | Journal Article | Scaramuzzi, F. | 2000 | Ten Years of Cold Fusion: An Eye-witness Account | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Ten Years of Cold Fusion: An Eye-witness Account | The name of Cold Fusion (CF) comes from the interpretation given to certain phenomena taking place in a metal lattice roughly at room temperature, in terms of nuclear fusion, say between two deuterium nuclei: cold in comparison with the high temperatures of thermonuclear fusion (10^8 K). The first time this was suggested was in the Spring of 1989, ten years ago, by Fleischmann and Pons (1): their experiment gave rise to much turmoil all over the world, ending within a few months with the scientific community rejecting the experiment and thus this interpretation. Research in CF continued nevertheless in a few laboratories, mostly in the USA, Japan, Italy, Russia and China; International Conferences were held regularly, roughly every 1.5 years. However, after ten years, in spite of undeniable (although not overwhelming) progress in the field, there is hardly any communication between this small CF community and the scientific world at large. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Scaramuzzitenyearsof.pdf | |||||||
| 3625 | Journal Article | Scaramuzzi, F. | 2004 | Gas loading of deuterium in palladium at low temperature | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 385 | Gas loading of deuterium in palladium at low temperature | gas loading | The experimental technique presented in this article is aimed at measuring the absorption of hydrogen or deuterium gas in a thin palladium sample while the system is at low temperature. A result for deuterium is described, consisting in the measurement of the equilibrium loading ratio X (called also D/Pd ratio, atomic), as a function of pressure, on a palladium film 3.6 μm-thick at 150 K. Values of X up to 1 have been measured at pressures lower than 1 bar. The electric resistance of the palladium sample also has been measured as a function of temperature and of X, and the results are reported. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Scaramuzzigasloading.pdf | ||||||
| 3626 | Conference Proceedings | Scaramuzzi, F. | 2009 | Low Temperature Gas Loading Of Deuterium In Palladium (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Low Temperature Gas Loading Of Deuterium In Palladium (PowerPoint slides) | loading | Objectives of the experiment The idea is to realize a conceptually simple experiment, reproducible, and with a straightforward answer: * To start with, measuring the D/Pd ratio, aiming to high values. * Possibly detecting excess heat. * Analyze the gas, looking for 4He. * Studying the loading dynamics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Scaramuzzilowtempera.pdf | ||||
| 3627 | Conference Proceedings | Scaramuzzi, F. | 2009 | Low Temperature Gas Loading of Deuterium in Palladium | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Low Temperature Gas Loading of Deuterium in Palladium | One of the most established features of the phenomenon known with the name of ?old Fusion?, with reference to the system palladium (Pd) ? deuterium (D), is that a condition necessary (even though not sufficient) to be satisfied in order for these phenomena to take place is that the content of D in Pd, called also the D/Pd ratio X, approaches the value of 1 (understanding by this quantity the atomic ratio between the two species in the Pd lattice). In order to reach such an high value of X, extensive use of electrolysis of heavy water with a Pd cathode has been made. The present experiment is aimed at obtaining high loading ratios of deuterium in palladium without using electrolysis. The idea is to have deuterium gas in contact with palladium. The use of low temperatures has the purpose of increasing the equilibrium loading ratio for a given gas pressure. A first test experiment, performed at ENEA Frascati in 2002, showed that it was possible to have D/Pd ratios as high as 1 at 150 K with a pressure lower than 1 bar [1]. The experiment has been rebuilt at LNF/INFN and the first results are reported here. An anomaly in the loading dynamics will be also reported. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=154 | |||||
| 3628 | Conference Proceedings | Scaramuzzi, F. | 2009 | Proposal of an Experiment Aimed at Charging Deuterium in Palladium at the Temperature of Liquid Nitrogen | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Proposal of an Experiment Aimed at Charging Deuterium in Palladium at the Temperature of Liquid Nitrogen | One of the most established features of the phenomenon known with the name of ?old Fusion?, with reference to the system palladium (Pd) ? deuterium (D), is that a condition necessary (even though not sufficient) to be satisfied in order for these phenomena to take place is that the content of D in Pd, called also the D/Pd ratio X, approaches the value of 1 (understanding by this quantity the atomic ratio between the two species in the Pd lattice). In order to reach such an high value of X, extensive use of electrolysis of heavy water with a Pd cathode has been made. An alternative line that has been followed by the Author [1] consists of trying to obtain high values of X by the direct interaction of Pd with D2 gas. The use of low temperatures has the purpose of increasing the equilibrium loading ratio for a given gas pressure. The proposal of an experiment which requires little attention is presented here. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=159 | |||||
| 3629 | Journal Article | Scarborough, T., Duncan, R., McKubre, M. C. H., Violante, V. | 2016 | The Center to Study Anomalous Heat Effects [AHE] at Texas Tech University | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 274 The Center to Study Anomalous Heat Effects [AHE] at Texas Tech University | Calorimetry, Cryogenic, Electrochemistry, Heat-helium, Spectroscopy | The Center for Emerging Energy Sciences at Texas Tech University (CEES) has been established to explore critical parameters in the observation of the anomalous heat effects (AHE). A large number of experiments report the production of heat from metal samples loaded with hydrogen or deuterium in amounts that are often thousands of times greater than the enthalpies of possible chemical reactions. The effect is anomalous because there is no agreed-to mechanism, and particle radiation rates are not reported at levels that are consistent with any known nuclear process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=282 | ||||||
| 3630 | Journal Article | Schaffer, M. | 1997 | What is the current scientific thinking on cold fusion? | Scientific American, Vol = on line | What is the current scientific thinking on cold fusion? | review | ||||||||
| 3631 | Newspaper Article | Schaller, C. | 1990 | Fusion Lecturer Cold To Press | Los Alamos Monitor | Los AlamosEditor | Fusion Lecturer Cold To Press | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 3632 | Newspaper Article | Schaller, C. | 1990 | Scientist Convinced Process is Nuclear | Los Alamos Monitor | Los AlamosEditor | Scientist Convinced Process is Nuclear | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 3633 | Newspaper Article | Schaller, C. | 1990 | Scientists Careful in Fusion Finds | Monitor | Los AlamosEditor | Scientists Careful in Fusion Finds | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 3634 | Newspaper Article | Schaller, C. | 1990 | Scientists Seeing Results in Cold Fusion | Monitor | Los AlamosEditor | 27 Scientists Seeing Results in Cold Fusion | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 3635 | Journal Article | Schilling, K. D., Gippner, P., Seidel, W., Stary, F., Wohlfarth, D. | 1990 | Search for charged-particle emission from deuterated palladium foils | Z. Phys. A: At. Nucl., Vol = 336 | Search for charged-particle emission from deuterated palladium foils | particle emission, Pd, D2 | ||||||||
| 3636 | Journal Article | Schirber, J. E., Northrup, C. J. M. | 1974 | Concentration Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature In Pd-H and Pd-D | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 10 | Concentration Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature In Pd-H and Pd-D | superconductivity, Pd, H, D | ||||||||
| 3637 | Journal Article | Schirber, J. E., Morosin, B. | 1975 | Lattice Constants of Beta-Pd-Hx and Beta-PdDx with x Near 1.0 | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 12 | Lattice Constants of Beta-Pd-Hx and Beta-PdDx with x Near 1.0 | Pd, H, D, Lattice Parameter | ||||||||
| 3638 | Journal Article | Schirber, J. E., Butler, M. A., Ginley, D. S., Ewing, R. I. | 1989 | Search for cold fusion in high-pressure deuterium-loaded titanium and palladium metal and deuteride | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Search for cold fusion in high-pressure deuterium-loaded titanium and palladium metal and deuteride | titanium, Pd, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 3639 | Journal Article | Schlapbach, L., Seiler, A., Stucki, F., Siegmann, H. C. | 1980 | Surface Effects and the Formation of Metal Hydrides | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 73 | Surface Effects and the Formation of Metal Hydrides | surface, hydrogen, LaNi5, review | ||||||||
| 3640 | Journal Article | Schlapbach, L., Burger, J. P. | 1982 | A New XPS/UPS Study of the Electronic Structure of PdH0.6 | J. Phys., Lett., Vol = 43 | A New XPS/UPS Study of the Electronic Structure of PdH0.6 | PdH, H2, structure, Density Of States | ||||||||
| 3641 | Journal Article | Schlapbach, L., Riesterer, T. | 1984 | The Composition of the Surface Properties of FeTi and Fe2Ti4Ox in View of the Different Hydrogen Sorption Behaviours | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 101 | The Composition of the Surface Properties of FeTi and Fe2Ti4Ox in View of the Different Hydrogen Sorption Behaviours | surface, hydrogen, Fe-Ti, Fe-Ti-O | ||||||||
| 3642 | Journal Article | Schlapbach, L., Ott, H. R., Felder, E., Rudigier, H., Thiry, P., Bonnet, J. E., Petroff, Y., Burger, J. P. | 1986 | Low Temperature Electronic Properties of Cerium Hydrides | J. Less-Common Met. | Low Temperature Electronic Properties of Cerium Hydrides | bonding, density Of States, CeH | ||||||||
| 3643 | Journal Article | Schlapbach, L., Burger, J. P., Bonnet, J. E., Thiry, P., Petroff, Y. | 1987 | Surface Semiconductor-Metal Transition in Rare Earth Hydrides at Low Temperatures | Surf. Sci., Vol = 189-190 | Surface Semiconductor-Metal Transition in Rare Earth Hydrides at Low Temperatures | photoelectron, bonding, CeH, LaH, GdH, TbH | ||||||||
| 3644 | Conference Proceedings | Schlapbach, L. | 1991 | Hydrogen and Its Isotopes in and on Metals | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 409 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Hydrogen and Its Isotopes in and on Metals | Pd, LaNi5, density of states, diffusion, H, surface analysis, ICCF-2 | A summary description is given of phenomena related to the surface adsorption and bulk absorption of hydrogen and of its isotopes by a metallic host. Thermodynamic and surface properties, electronic and crystal structure and diffusion are illustrated for the examples of the hydride formation of Pd and of LaNis as typical examples of hydride forming elemental metals and intermetallic compounds. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=424 | ||
| 3645 | Journal Article | Schmidt, S. | 1995 | Cold Fusion Conundrum | Analog Science Fiction and Fact, Vol = Jan | Cold Fusion Conundrum | history | ||||||||
| 3646 | Journal Article | Schneider, J. H. | 1989 | How a rectangular potential in Schroedinger's equation could explain some experimental results on cold nuclear fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | How a rectangular potential in Schroedinger's equation could explain some experimental results on cold nuclear fusion | Theory, tunneling | ||||||||
| 3647 | Journal Article | Schober, T., Thomas, G. J., Lasser, R., Jaager, W. | 1984 | The Observation of Cylindrical Cavities at Dislocations in Dilute Tritium-Charged Vanadium | Scr. Metall., Vol = 18 | The Observation of Cylindrical Cavities at Dislocations in Dilute Tritium-Charged Vanadium | tritium, helium Vanadium | ||||||||
| 3648 | Journal Article | Schober, T., Thomas, G. J., Lasser, R., Jaager, W. | 1984 | The Observation of Cylindrical Cavities at Dislocations in Dilute Tritium-Charged Vanadium | Scr. Metall., Vol = 18 | The Observation of Cylindrical Cavities at Dislocations in Dilute Tritium-Charged Vanadium | tritium, helium Vanadium | ||||||||
| 3649 | Journal Article | Scholkmann, F., Mizuno, T., Nagel, D. J. | 2012 | Statistical Analysis of Unexpected Daily Variations in an Electrochemical Transmutation Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 37-48 Statistical Analysis of Unexpected Daily Variations in an Electrochemical Transmutation Experiment | Daily oscillations, Diurnal oscillations, Electrochemical transmutation, Ensemble empirical mode decomposition, Intrinsic mode functions, Low-energy nuclear reactions, Phase synchronization, Signal correlating | In two electrochemical transmutation experiments, unexpected oscillations in the recorded signals with a daily period were observed for deuterium/palladium loading ratio (D/Pd), temperature (T ) and pressure (P). The aim of the present study was to analyze the time courses of the signals of one of the experiments using an advanced signal-processing framework. The experiment was a high temperature (375 K), high pressure (750 kPa) and long-term (866 h . 35 days) electrochemical transmutation exploration done in 2008. The analysis was performed by (i) selecting the intervals of the D/Pd, T and P signals where the daily oscillations occurred, (ii) filtering the signals to remove low-frequency noise, (iii) analyzing the waveforms of the daily oscillations, (iv) applying Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) to decompose the signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs), (v) performing a statistical test on the obtained IMFs in order to identify the physically most meaningful oscillation mode, (vi) performing an power spectral analysis, (vii) calculating the correlations between the signals, and (viii) determining the time-dependent phase synchronization between the signals. We found that (i) in all three signals (D/Pd, T and P) a clear daily oscillation was present while the current density J did not show such an oscillation, (ii) the daily oscillation in T and P had similar waveforms and where anti-correlated to the oscillation in D/Pd, (iii) D/Pd and T had the highest correlation (r = 0.7693), (iv) all three signals exhibited phase synchronization over the whole signal length while the strongest phase synchronization took place between D/Pd and T . Possible origins of the daily oscillation were discussed and implications for further investigations and experiments were outlined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=43 | ||||||
| 3650 | Journal Article | Scholkmann, F., Nagel, D. J. | 2014 | Statistical Analysis of Transmutation Data from Low-energy Nuclear Reaction Experiments and Comparison with a Model-based Prediction ofWidom and Larsen | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 485-494 Statistical Analysis of Transmutation Data from Low-energy Nuclear Reaction Experiments and Comparison with a Model-based Prediction ofWidom and Larsen | Low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR), Neutron scattering strength, Statistical analysis, Transmutation,Widom?arsen theory | Nuclear transmutations were reported in many low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) experiments. In the present study, we analyzed (i) whether three available nuclear transmutation data sets show a consistent pattern and (ii) whether this pattern correlates with a model-based prediction ofWidom and Larsen. Our analysis revealed that the data sets (i) exhibit a similar pattern and (ii) correlate with the predicted function. The last three peaks as a function of atomic mass A (intervals: 64?70, 116?129, 191?208 A) were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with the averaged data despite great differences in the experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=495 | ||||||
| 3651 | Journal Article | Scholkmann, F., Nagel, D. J. | 2016 | Is the Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust Correlated with LENR Transmutation Rates? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 281 Is the Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust Correlated with LENR Transmutation Rates? | Elements in Earth's crust, Low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR), Neutron scattering strength, Statistical analysis, Transmutation, Widom?arsen theory | Nuclear transmutations are reported in many low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) experiments. We showed in a previous study (Scholkmann and Nagel, J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 13 (2014) 485?494) that (i) the transmutation data of three independent experiments have a similar pattern and (ii) this pattern correlates with a model-based on the prediction of Widom and Larsen (WL). In the present study, we extended our analysis and investigated whether the abundance of elements in Earth's crust is correlated with either (i) the WL-prediction, or (ii) the three LENR transmutation data sets. The first analysis revealed that there is no statistically significant correlation between these variables. The second analysis showed a significant correlation, but the correlation only reflects the trend of the data and not the peak-like pattern. This result strengthens the interpretation that the observed peak-like pattern in the transmutation data sets does not originate from contamination. Further implications of our study are discussed and a recommendation is given for future transmutation experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=289 | ||||||
| 3652 | Journal Article | Scholkmann, F., Nagel, D. J., DeChiaro, L. | 2016 | Electromagnetic Emission in the kHz to GHz Range Associated with Heat Production During Electrochemical Loading of Deuterium into Palladium: A Summary and Analysis of Results Obtained by Different Research Groups | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 325 Electromagnetic Emission in the kHz to GHz Range Associated with Heat Production During Electrochemical Loading of Deuterium into Palladium: A Summary and Analysis of Results Obtained by Different Research Groups | Electromagnetic emissions, Electromagnetic radiation, Excess power, LENR, Heat production | There is a small literature on the combination of low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) experiments and radiofrequencies (RF). The papers are worth attention in case they can teach anything about the mechanisms behind LENR. Application of RF to LENR electrochemical cells in the mid-1990s clearly showed increases in the production of excess power. More recently, RF have been measured in LENR cells. However, it is still possible that those data are artifacts of the operation of the system, and not indicative of LENR. It has been suggested that the appearance of RF in LENR experiments is the cause of LENR, and not merely a manifestation of such reactions. That possibility has significant implications. In the present paper, we summarize and analyze the results obtained by different research groups concerning the application and emission of RF in the kHz to GHz range associated with heat production during electrochemical loading of deuterium into palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=333 | ||||||
| 3653 | Journal Article | Schommers, W., Politis, C. | 1989 | Cold fusion in condensed matter: is a theoretical description in terms of usual solid state physics possible? | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 3, Num = 8, Page = 597 | Cold fusion in condensed matter: is a theoretical description in terms of usual solid state physics possible? | theory | ||||||||
| 3654 | Conference Proceedings | Schreiber, M., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A. | 1990 | Recent Experimental Results on the Thermal Behavior of Electrochemical Cells in the Hydrogen-Palladium and Deuterium-Palladium Systems | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 71 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Recent Experimental Results on the Thermal Behavior of Electrochemical Cells in the Hydrogen-Palladium and Deuterium-Palladium Systems | Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, method | This paper reports calorimetric experiments related to the energy breakeven issue during heavy water electrolysis using a Pd cathode in thermodynamically closed cells. A comparison with light water electrolysis under the same conditions is also given. Excess power has been observed in a number of cases in which the overall energy balance becomes positive after a short period, leading to the generation of significant amounts of excess energy. In one case, excess power was maintained over a period of ten days, and produced over 23 MJ of excess energy per mole of palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchreiberMrecentexpe.pdf | |||
| 3655 | Conference Proceedings | Schreiber, M., Gur, T. M., Lucier, G., Ferrante, J. A., Chao, J., Huggins, R. A. | 1990 | Recent Measurements of Excess Energy Production in Electrochemical Cells Containing Heavy Water and Palladium | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 44 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Recent Measurements of Excess Energy Production in Electrochemical Cells Containing Heavy Water and Palladium | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-1 | This paper reports calorimetric experiments related to the energy breakeven issue during heavy water electrolysis using a Pd cathode in thermodynamically closed cells. A comparison with light water electrolysis under the same conditions is also given. Excess power has been observed in a number of cases in which the overall energy balance becomes positive after a short period, leading to the generation of significant amounts of excess energy. In one case, excess power was maintained over a period of ten days, and produced over 23 MJ of excess energy per mole of palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=63 | ||
| 3656 | Journal Article | Schrieder, G., Wipf, H., Richter, A. | 1989 | Search for cold nuclear fusion in palladium-deuterium | Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, Vol = 76 | Search for cold nuclear fusion in palladium-deuterium | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, particle emission | ||||||||
| 3657 | Journal Article | Schuldiner, S., Castellan, G. W., Hoare, J. P. | 1958 | Electrochemical Behavior of the Palladium-Hydrogen System. I. Potential-Determining Mechanisms | J. Chem. Phys., Vol = 28 | Electrochemical Behavior of the Palladium-Hydrogen System. I. Potential-Determining Mechanisms | Pd, H, Phase Diagram, loading, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 3658 | Journal Article | Schulte, U. | 2002 | Die 'Kalte Kernfusion' - ein wissenschaftlicher Artifakt [in German] ('Cold fusion' - a scientific artifact) | Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung, Vol = 142(14) | Die 'Kalte Kernfusion' - ein wissenschaftlicher Artifakt [in German] ('Cold fusion' - a scientific artifact) | Discussion | ||||||||
| 3659 | Journal Article | Schultz, R., Kenny, J. P. | 1999 | Electronuclear catalysts and initiators: The di-neutron model for cold fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 29, Page = 58 | Electronuclear catalysts and initiators: The di-neutron model for cold fusion | theory dineutron | ||||||||
| 3660 | Journal Article | Schultze, J. W., Koenig, U., Hochfeld, A., Van Calker, C., Kies, W. | 1989 | Prospects and problems of electrochemically induced cold nuclear fusion | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34 | Prospects and problems of electrochemically induced cold nuclear fusion | review, critique, history | ||||||||
| 3661 | Conference Proceedings | Schwinger, J. | 1990 | Nuclear Energy in an Atomic Lattice | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 130 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Nuclear Energy in an Atomic Lattice | theory, d-p fusion, ICCF-1 | The distinct nature of the cold fusion regime is emphasized: electromagnetic selection rules suppress radiation, permitting excess energy transference to the lattice; the coherent nature of the wave-function is at variance with the standard separation between barrier penetration and nuclear reactivity. The discussion is restricted to tritium production, based on the dd reaction that populates the first excited state of 4He, which decays into t+p, whereas the formation of 3He+n is energetically forbidden. Production rates compatible with the broad range of experimental results are realized within a narrow parametric interval. The great sensitivity to the physical circumstances is reminiscent of the reproducibility problems that have plagued this field. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchwingerJnuclearene.pdf | ||
| 3662 | Journal Article | Schwinger, J. | 1990 | Nuclear energy in an atomic lattice. 1 | Z. Phys. D: At., Mol. Clusters, Vol = 15 | Nuclear energy in an atomic lattice. 1 | theory, p-d fusion | ||||||||
| 3663 | Journal Article | Schwinger, J. | 1990 | Cold fusion: a hypothesis | Z. Naturforsch. A, Vol = 45A | Cold fusion: a hypothesis | theory, p-d fusion | ||||||||
| 3664 | Journal Article | Schwinger, J. | 1991 | Cold fusion: Does it have a future? | Evol. Trends Phys. Sci., Proc. Yoshio Nishina Centen. Symp., Tokyo 1990, Vol = 57 | Cold fusion: Does it have a future? | history, review | The case against the reality of cold fusion is outlined. It is based on preconceptions inherited from experience with hot fusion. That cold fusion refers to a different regime is emphasized. The new regime is characterized by intermittency in the production of excess heat, tritium and neutrons. A scenario is sketched, based upon the hypothesis that small segments of the lattice can absorb released nuclear energy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchwingerJcoldfusiona.pdf | ||||||
| 3665 | Journal Article | Schwinger, J. | 1991 | Nuclear energy in an atomic lattice | Prog. Theor. Phys., Vol = 85 | Nuclear energy in an atomic lattice | theory, critique | ||||||||
| 3666 | Conference Proceedings | Schwinger, J. | 1993 | Cold Fusion, A Brief History of Mine | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 1 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Cold Fusion, A Brief History of Mine | theory, ICCF-4 | As Polonius might have said: 'Neither a true-believer nor a disbeliever be.' From the very beginning in a radio broadcast on the evening of March 23, 1989, I have asked myself?ot whether Pons and Fleischmann are right about whether a mechanism can be identified that will produce nuclear energy by manipulations at the atomic-the chemical-level. Of course, the acceptance of that interpretation of their data is needed as a working hypothesis, in order to have quantitative tests of proposed mechanisms. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SchwingerJcoldfusionb.pdf | |||
| 3667 | Report | Schwinger, J. | 1994 | Energy Transfer In Cold Fusion and Sonoluminescence | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 1 | Energy Transfer In Cold Fusion and Sonoluminescence Essay by J. Schwinger written shortly before his death in 1993. | theory | ||||||||
| 3668 | Journal Article | Schwinger, J. | 1994 | Cold Fusion, A Brief History of Mine | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = xiii | Cold Fusion, A Brief History of Mine | theory | ||||||||
| 3669 | Report | Scott, C. D., Mrochek, J. E., Newman, E., Scott, T. C., Michaels, G. E., Petek, M. | 1989 | A preliminary investigation of cold fusion by electrolysis of heavy water | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = xiii | Oak Ridge | A preliminary investigation of cold fusion by electrolysis of heavy water | Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma, heat, tritium+, electrolysis | |||||||
| 3670 | Conference Proceedings | Scott, C. D., Mrochek, J. E., Scott, T. C., Michaels, G. E., Newman, E., Petek, M. | 1990 | The Initiation of Excess Power and Possible Products of Nuclear Interactions During the Electrolysis of Heavy Water | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 164 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | The Initiation of Excess Power and Possible Products of Nuclear Interactions During the Electrolysis of Heavy Water | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, ICCF-1, electrolysis | The electrolysis of heavy water is being investigated with an insulated flow calorimetric system. In each of a series of tests, the electrolyte was 0.1 to 1.0 LiOD in D2O and cylindrical palladium cathodes surrounded by wire-wound platinum anodes were used at cathode current densities of 100 to 800 mA/cm^2. The most recent test was made with a 'closed system' without off-gas in which the electrolysis gases were internally recombined. Fast neutrons and gamma rays were measured continuously during each test. It was shown that certain system perturbations could initiate and extend the generation of excess power. In one test, an apparent increase in the neutron count rate was also coincident with system perturbations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ScottCDtheinitiat.pdf | ||
| 3671 | Journal Article | Scott, C. D., Greenbaum, E., Michaels, G. E., Mrochek, J. E., Newman, E., Petek, M., Scott, T. C. | 1990 | Preliminary Investigation of Possible Low-Temperature Fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 115 | Preliminary Investigation of Possible Low-Temperature Fusion | Pd, D2O, gamma emission, heat+, neutron+ | ||||||||
| 3672 | Journal Article | Scott, C. D., Mrochek, J. E., Scott, T. C., Michaels, G. E., Newman, E., Petek, M. | 1990 | Measurement of excess heat and apparent coincident increases in the neutron and gamma-ray count rates during the electrolysis of heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Measurement of excess heat and apparent coincident increases in the neutron and gamma-ray count rates during the electrolysis of heavy water | heat+, electrolysis, neutron, Pd gamma emission, tritium D2O, H2O | ||||||||
| 3673 | Journal Article | Searson, P. C. | 1991 | Hydrogen evolution and entry in palladium at high current density | Acta metall. Mater., Vol = 39 | Hydrogen evolution and entry in palladium at high current density | diffusion, PdH, loading, Pd | ||||||||
| 3674 | Journal Article | Seeliger, D., Wiesener, K., Meister, A., Marten, H., Ohms, D., Rahner, D., Schwierz, R., Wuestner, P. | 1989 | Search for DD-fusion neutrons during heavy water electrolysis | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 34, Num = 7, Page = 991 | Search for DD-fusion neutrons during heavy water electrolysis | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, heat-, energy | ||||||||
| 3675 | Journal Article | Seeliger, D. | 1990 | Physical problems of the investigations into nuclear fusion in condensed media | Isotopenpraxis, Vol = 26 | Physical problems of the investigations into nuclear fusion in condensed media | review, theory | ||||||||
| 3676 | Conference Proceedings | Seeliger, D., Bittner, M., Meister, A., Schwierz, R., Streil, T. | 1991 | Evidence of Neutron Emission From a Titanium Deuterium System | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 175 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Evidence of Neutron Emission From a Titanium Deuterium System | neutron, titanium, D2 ICCF-2 | Recently, a considerable number of experimental investigations have been carried out in different laboratories to determine, whether a possible catalysis of deuterium-deuterium fusion processes in condensed matter takes place or not. In some papers evidence was found for a week neutron production, similar as it was announced by Jones et al. for the electrolysis of heavy water using Titanium cathodes. Somewhat later the observation of neutron admission during the absorption of Deuterium gas in Titanium and other metals was announced, too. The present paper describes experiments aimed at the replication of the results obtained in [2, 3] for charging of Titanium with deuterons from the gas phase. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=190 | ||
| 3677 | Journal Article | Seeliger, D., Meister, A. | 1991 | A simple plasma model for the description of d-d fusion in condensed matter | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | A simple plasma model for the description of d-d fusion in condensed matter | theory | ||||||||
| 3678 | Journal Article | Seeliger, D. | 1991 | Theoretical limits of nuclear fusion in condensed matter | Acta Phys. Hung., Vol = 69 | Theoretical limits of nuclear fusion in condensed matter | theory | ||||||||
| 3679 | Report | Segre, S. E., Batistoni, P., Bertalot, L., Bettinali, L., Martone, M. | 1989 | A Search for Neutron Emission from Deuterated Palladium | Acta Phys. Hung., Vol = 69 | A Search for Neutron Emission from Deuterated Palladium | neutron, Pd, D | ||||||||
| 3680 | Journal Article | Segre, S. E., Atzeni, S., Briguglio, S., Romanelli, F. | 1990 | A mechanism for neutron emission from deuterium trapped in metals | Europhys. Lett., Vol = 11 | A mechanism for neutron emission from deuterium trapped in metals | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 3681 | Journal Article | Seifritz, W. | 1991 | No end to cold fusion (Kalte Fusion und kein Ende) | GIT Fachz. Lab., Vol = 35 | No end to cold fusion (Kalte Fusion und kein Ende) | theory | ||||||||
| 3682 | Journal Article | Seifritz, W. | 1996 | Ein neuer Weg zur Nutzbarmachung der Kernfusion?['A new way of using nuclear fusion?'] | Atomwirtsch. Atomtech., Vol = 41 | Ein neuer Weg zur Nutzbarmachung der Kernfusion?['A new way of using nuclear fusion?'] | Theory, sonoluminescence | ||||||||
| 3683 | Journal Article | Seifritz, W. | 2003 | Letter to the Editor | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 28 | Letter to the Editor | Polemic | ||||||||
| 3684 | Journal Article | Seitchie, J. A., Gossard, A. C., Accarino, V. J | 1964 | Knight shifts and susceptibilities of transition metals: Palladium | Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol = 136 | Knight shifts and susceptibilities of transition metals: Palladium | susceptibility, Pd | ||||||||
| 3685 | Journal Article | Seitz, R. | 1989 | Fusion in from the cold?' (section editor's title) | Nature (London), Vol = 339 | Fusion in from the cold?' (section editor's title) | theory | ||||||||
| 3686 | Journal Article | Semiletov, S. A., Baranov, R. V., Khodryev, Y. P., Imamov, R. M. | 1980 | Electron-Diffraction Investigation of Tetragonal PdH | Kristallografiya, Vol = 25 | Electron-Diffraction Investigation of Tetragonal PdH | Pd, hydrogen Electron Diffraction, structure, Gamma Phase, PdH | ||||||||
| 3687 | Conference Proceedings | Senjuh, T., Kamimura, H., Uehara, T., Asami, N., Mori, K., Sigemitsu, T. | 1996 | Study of Material Processing and Treatment for High Deuterium-Loading | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 59 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Study of Material Processing and Treatment for High Deuterium-Loading | loading, Pd, D2O, current density ICCF-6, electrolysis | The electrochemical deuterium loading behavior of Pd cathodes in LiOD/D20 system has been studied experimentally using a resistance measurement method. The material conditions of Pd cathodes significantly affect the attainable DlPd loading ratio. In addition, the DlPd is affected by the applied current density profile, pattern of increasing current and anodic treatments. As a result of the experiments, it was concluded that higher annealing temperatures (-1000 deg C) result in higher DlPd. In addition, etching in aqua regia proved to be a better surface treatment than polishing. It was confirmed that using the pre-electrolysis treatments resulted in higher D/Pd. The electrolysis current pattern and anodic treatment cycles likewise affected the D/Pd. On the other hand the electrochemical hydrogen loading behavior of Pd cathode in LiOH/H2O system has been studied by a volume/weight measurement method. This shows analogous effects due to annealing as loading experiments with deuterium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=74 | ||
| 3688 | Journal Article | Senjuh, T., Kamimura, H., Uehara, T., Sumi, M., Miyashita, S., Sigemitsu, T., Asami, N. | 1997 | Experimental study of electrochemical deuterium loading of Pd cathodes in the LiOD/D2O system | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Experimental study of electrochemical deuterium loading of Pd cathodes in the LiOD/D2O system | loading, Pd, PdD, resistivity, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 3689 | Journal Article | Seo, M., Aomi, M. | 1992 | Piezelectric response to surface stress change of a palladium electrode in sulfate aqueous solutions | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 139, Num = 4, Page = 1087 | Piezelectric response to surface stress change of a palladium electrode in sulfate aqueous solutions | loading,, Pd | ||||||||
| 3690 | Newspaper Article | Service, A. W. | 1989 | New Tomorrow Dawns As LANL Confirms Cold Fusion | The New Mexican | Santa FeEditor | New Tomorrow Dawns As LANL Confirms Cold Fusion | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 3691 | Journal Article | Sevilla, J., Fernandez, F., Escarpizo, B., Sanchez, C. | 1991 | Some characteristics of titanium and palladium samples used in cold fusion experiments | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Some characteristics of titanium and palladium samples used in cold fusion experiments | surface analysis, titanium, electrolysis, D2, pressure, Pd, T/n | ||||||||
| 3692 | Conference Proceedings | Sevilla, J., Escarpizo, B., Fernandez, F., Cuevas, F., Sanchez, C. | 1992 | Time-Evolution of Tritium Concentration in the Electrolyte of Prolonged Cold Fusion Experiments and its Relation to Ti Cathode Surface Treatment | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 507 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Time-Evolution of Tritium Concentration in the Electrolyte of Prolonged Cold Fusion Experiments and its Relation to Ti Cathode Surface Treatment | titanium, tritium, D2O, separation method ICCF-3 separation factor electrolysis | Tritium concentration in the electrolyte has been carefully monitored in more than twenty electrolytic cold fusion experiments accomplished in open cells. In order to distinguish between T-natural enrichment (isotopic enrichment) and any other T source inside the cell a macroscopic theoretical model is proposed to analyze the experimental data. It is concluded that T-concentration variations in the electrolyte above the level due to natural enrichment can be detected with confidence and therefore that open-cell experiments are convenient to investigate T -production. In addition, some empirical correlations between model parameters (measured separation factors) and cathode surface treatments prior to experiment have been found. An equation that calculates tritium enrichment in open D2O electrolytic cells is given. Several open cells are analyzed using this equation and found to produce tritium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=245 | ||
| 3693 | Book | Shackelford, J. F. | 1964 | CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook Diffusion of metals into metalsShackelford, J.F | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, \'Frontiers of Cold Fusion\', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 507 | CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook Diffusion of metals into metalsShackelford, J.F | diffusion, Pd | ||||||||
| 3694 | Conference Proceedings | Shaheen, M., Ragheb, M., Miley, G. H., Hora, H., Kelly, J. | 1991 | Anomalous Deuteron to Hydrogen Ratio in Oklo Samples and Possibility of Deuteron Disintegration | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 221 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Anomalous Deuteron to Hydrogen Ratio in Oklo Samples and Possibility of Deuteron Disintegration | H/D, Oklo, ICCF-2, natural reactor | A hypothesis is presented to explain the anomalous D/H ratio observed in samples from the site of the naturally occurring fission reaction at Oklo . The experimentally observed D/H ratio of 127 ppm exceeds the naturally occurring value of 150 ppm. Further , using a multicomponent system consisting of hydrogen , deuterium , tritium and helium nuclei to model the Oklo reaction phenomenon and assuming a thermal fission process term , we calculate a D/H rat io of 445 ppm in the presence of the thermal neutron fluence attributed to Oklo. However, solving the same rate equations with a deuterium sink term to represent the hypothes is of deuteron disintegration , we find a deuteron disintegration constant of 7.47 x 10^-14 s^-1 yields the observed D/H ratio . Indeed , deuteron disintegration would provide a neutron source (in addition to the fission neutrons ) that could have driven the Oklo system as a subcritical (vs . a critical) reactor over the extended period attributed to it . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=236 | ||
| 3695 | Journal Article | Shaheen, M., Ragheb, M. | 1992 | Anomalous deuteron to hydrogen ratio in naturally occurring fission reactions and the possibility of deuteron disintegration | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 158 | Anomalous deuteron to hydrogen ratio in naturally occurring fission reactions and the possibility of deuteron disintegration | geology, theory | ||||||||
| 3696 | Journal Article | Shamoo, A. E. | 2000 | Editorial | Accountability Res., Vol = 8 | Editorial | history critique | Before 1996, when I gave lectures on responsible conduct of research or research ethics, I used to emphasize the importance of ensuring in biomedical research the quality and integrity of research data. My reason for emphasizing this point was that, as opposed to situations associated with maintaining comparable standards in clinical trials, in which existing funding levels allow for the possibility that particular experiments will be repeated, in biomedical research, one cannot obtain funding to repeat research experiments that are large and expensive. For this reason, it was (and has remained) imperative that instances of possible fraud, misconduct and sloppy work be reduced from the outset. Because of limited funding, as a consequence, the self-correcting process of science may not be operative in these areas. I then used to end this part of my discussion by citing how in cold fusion research, and because of the potential significance and impact of the particular claims associated with this area, the self-correcting nature of science worked. The cold fusion experiments have been repeated dozens of times without success. The conclusion was that they were proven to be wrong. However, I was basing my conclusion on the numerous reports in newspapers and scientific magazines but not on any readings of the original literature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ShamooAEeditorial.pdf | ||||||
| 3697 | Journal Article | Shanahan, K. | 2002 | A Possible Calorimetric Error in Heavy Water Electrolysis on Platinum | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 387, Num = 2, Page = 95-101 | A Possible Calorimetric Error in Heavy Water Electrolysis on Platinum | error, heat critique | A systematic error in mass flow calorimetry calibration procedures potentially capable of explaining most positive excess power measurements is described. Data recently interpreted as providing evidence of the Pons-Fleischmann effect with a platinum cathode are reinterpreted with the opposite conclusion. This indicates it is premature to conclude platinum displays a Pons and Fleischmann effect, and places the requirement to evaluate the error's magnitude on all mass flow calorimetric experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ShanahanKapossiblec.pdf | ||||||
| 3698 | Report | Shanahan, K. | 2003 | A Critique of the Student's Guide To Cold Fusion | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 387, Num = 2, Page = 95-101 | LENR-CANR.org | A Critique of the Student's Guide To Cold Fusion | Critique | Dr. Edmund Storms has just released a new paper on cold fusion (CF, aka LENR, or CANR) that contains a section (in Chapter 8) that purports to address the issues I raise with cold fusion calorimetry in my paper and spf comments. I would like to address those comments dealing with my 'calibration constant shift' (CCS) proposal to illustrate why they are incorrect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ShanahanKacritiqueo.pdf | |||||
| 3699 | Journal Article | Shanahan, K. | 2005 | Comments on Thermal behavior of polarized Pd/D electrodes prepared by co-deposition | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 428 | Comments on Thermal behavior of polarized Pd/D electrodes prepared by co-deposition | Calorimeter, method | ||||||||
| 3700 | Journal Article | Shanahan, K. | 2005 | Reply to 'Comment on papers by K. Shanahan that propose to explain anomalous heat generated by cold fusion,' E. Storms | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 441 | Reply to 'Comment on papers by K. Shanahan that propose to explain anomalous heat generated by cold fusion,' E. Storms | Calorimeter, method | ||||||||
| 3701 | Journal Article | Shani, G., Cohen, C., Grayevsky, A., Brokman, A. | 1989 | Evidence for a background neutron enhanced fusion in deuterium absorbed palladium | Solid State Commun., Vol = 72, Num = 1, Page = 53 | Evidence for a background neutron enhanced fusion in deuterium absorbed palladium | Pd, D2, neutron, application, enhanced fusion | ||||||||
| 3702 | Newspaper Article | Shankland, S. | 1994 | Storms: Interest in cold fusion resurging | Los Alamos Monitor | Los AlamosEditor | 173 Storms: Interest in cold fusion resurging | newspaper, history | |||||||
| 3703 | Journal Article | Shanley, E. S. | 1995 | The simplest explanation | Chem. Health & Saf., Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 4 | The simplest explanation | Polemic, SRI explosion, critique | ||||||||
| 3704 | Journal Article | Shapira, D., Saltmarsh, M. | 2002 | Nuclear Fusion in Collapsing Bubbles -- Is It There? An Attempt to Repeat the Observation of Nuclear Emissions from Sonoluminescence | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 89, Num = 10, Page = 104302-1 | Nuclear Fusion in Collapsing Bubbles -- Is It There? An Attempt to Repeat the Observation of Nuclear Emissions from Sonoluminescence | Sonofusion | ||||||||
| 3705 | Journal Article | Shapovalov, V. L. | 1989 | Test for additional heat evolution in electrolysis of heavy water with palladium cathode | JETP, Vol = 50 | Test for additional heat evolution in electrolysis of heavy water with palladium cathode | heat-, D2O, H2O, electrolysis, Pd | ||||||||
| 3706 | Journal Article | Shaw, G. L., Shin, M., Bland, R. W., Fonda, L., Matis, H. S., Pugh, H. G., Slansky, R. | 1989 | Scenario for cold fusion by free quark catalysis | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 102 | Scenario for cold fusion by free quark catalysis | theory, quark | ||||||||
| 3707 | Journal Article | Sheldon, E. | 2008 | An overview of almost 20 years' research on cold fusion | Contemporary Physics, Vol = 49, Num = 5 | An overview of almost 20 years' research on cold fusion | review | ||||||||
| 3708 | Journal Article | Shelton, D. S., Hansen, L. D., Thorne, J. M., Jones, S. E. | 1997 | An assessment of claims of 'excess heat' in 'cold fusion' calorimetry | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 297 | An assessment of claims of 'excess heat' in 'cold fusion' calorimetry | critique, heat | ||||||||
| 3709 | Journal Article | Shen, G., Li, S., Jing, W., Sui, Q., Li, Z., Yang, Z. | 1991 | The efficiency calculation of a low background neutron detection system | Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), Vol = 25 | The efficiency calculation of a low background neutron detection system | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 3710 | Journal Article | Sherfey, J. M., Brenne, A. | 1958 | Electrochemical Calorimetry | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 105, Num = 11, Page = 665 | Electrochemical Calorimetry | method, heat | ||||||||
| 3711 | Journal Article | Shibab-Eldin, A. A., Rasmussen, J. O., Justice, M., Stoyer, M. A. | 1989 | Cold fusion: effects of possible narrow nuclear resonance | Mod. Phys. Lett. B, Vol = 3 | Cold fusion: effects of possible narrow nuclear resonance | theory | ||||||||
| 3712 | Journal Article | Shibata, T., Imamura, M., Shibata, S., Uwamino, Y., Ohkubo, T., Satoh, S., Yamakoshi, K., Oyama, N., Ohsaka, T., Yamamoto, N., Hatozaki, O., Niimura, N. | 1992 | A low background neutron measuring system and its application to the detection of neutrons produced by the D2O electrolysis | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 316 | A low background neutron measuring system and its application to the detection of neutrons produced by the D2O electrolysis | neutron, method, electrolysis, Pd, tritium, D2O | ||||||||
| 3713 | Conference Proceedings | Shikano, K., Shinojima, H., Kanbe, H. | 1995 | D2 Release Process From Deuterated Palladium in a Vacuum | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 251 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | D2 Release Process From Deuterated Palladium in a Vacuum | Pd, deloading, D2, heat, layer, resistivity Au-Pd-Au Ag-Pd-MnOx, ICCF-5 | To enhance reproducibility of the phenomena taking place in deuterated palladium, we studied in detail the change in surface temperature, electrical resistance, and D2 pressure during the release of D2 from deuterated palladium in a vacuum. As a result, we categorized the temperature changes into three different types that were independent of coating materials. In almost all experiments, the resistance decreased and the D2 pressure initially increased briefly and then gradually decreased in the D2 release process. We also tried to simulate the temperature changes by calculating the balance between Joule heat and heat dispersion. Pd plates were loaded with D and some were coated with a diffusion barrier (Au/Pd/Au, Ag/Pd/MnOx). Plate heated in vacuum while resistance, temperature and D pressure measured. Temperature showed three different behaviors independent of coating, one of which showed a temperature spike. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=52 | ||
| 3714 | Journal Article | Shimamura, I. | 1989 | Intramolecular nuclear fusion in hydrogen-isotope molecules | Prog. Theor. Phys., Vol = 82 | Intramolecular nuclear fusion in hydrogen-isotope molecules | theory, Born-Oppenheimer, p-d fusion | ||||||||
| 3715 | Conference Proceedings | Shinojima, H., Hishioka, T., Shikano, K., Kanbe, H. | 1995 | Studies of d-d Reactions in Deuterated Palladium by Using Low-Energy Deuterium Ion Bombardment | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 255 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Studies of d-d Reactions in Deuterated Palladium by Using Low-Energy Deuterium Ion Bombardment | ion bombardment, D2, PdD, branching ratio, energy, ICCF-5 | The cross sections and branching ratios of d+d reactions were measured as a function of deuteron energy by using low-energy deuterium ion bombardment. The branching ratio of d(d,3He)n to d(d,p)t were found to be one to one at energies from 2.5 keV to 20 keV in the CM frame. The reaction rate of d(d,p)t at 2.5 keV was four orders of magnitude less than that at 20 keV. These energy dependences were good agreement with those extrapolated from measurements of the d+d reaction which was derived by the high-energy (mega-electron-volts) deuterium ion bombardments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=56 | ||
| 3716 | Conference Proceedings | Shinojima, H., Nishioka, T., Shikano, K., Kanbe, H. | 1996 | Detection for Nuclear Products in Transport Experiments of Deuterium through Palladium Metals | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 351 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Detection for Nuclear Products in Transport Experiments of Deuterium through Palladium Metals | Pd, ion bombardment, ICCF-6 | To investigate the possibility of deuterium-deuterium nuclear fusion in a palladium metal, we carried out two kinds of experiments: low-energy deuterium ion bombardments with deuterated palladium, and deuterium transport through palladium. In the bombardment experiments, the cross sections for d(d,p)t reactions were measured to be less than 1.5 x 10-11 b at an ion energy of 2 keV. Measured branching ratios between d(d,p)t and d(d,niHe were unity in the ion energy range between 2 and 40 keY, even though the deuterium-deuterium nuclear fusion occurred in palladium. We also estimated the minimum detectable values for the charged-particle detection system, NE213 nuclear detector system, 3He counter, and a quadrupole mass-spectroscope system used in both the experiments. In the deuterium transport experiments, we tried to detect nuclear fusion products by using these detector systems placed in a vacuum chamber which extracted deuterium from the sample palladium. Any extraordinary nuclear products, however, could not be observed in the experiments carried out under various temperature variations and for various modifications of palladium surfaces. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=366 | |||
| 3717 | Journal Article | Shioe, Y., Mondal, N. N., Chiba, M., Hirose, T., Fujii, M., Nakahara, H., Sueki, K., Shirakawa, T., Utsumi, M. | 1999 | Measurement of neutron production rate regarding the quantity of LiNbO3 in the fracturing process under D2 atmosphere | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 112 A | Measurement of neutron production rate regarding the quantity of LiNbO3 in the fracturing process under D2 atmosphere | fractofusion, D2, LiNbO3, ball mill, neutron | ||||||||
| 3718 | Journal Article | Shirai, O., Kihara, S., Sohrin, Y., Matsui, M. | 1991 | Some experimental results relating to cold nuclear fusion | Bull. Inst. Chem. Res., Kyoto Univ., Vol = 69 | Some experimental results relating to cold nuclear fusion | co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, heat+, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 3719 | Conference Proceedings | Shirakawa, T., Chiba, M., Fujii, M., Sueki, K., Miyamoto, S., Nakamitsu, Y., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Fukushima, K., Hirose, T. | 1992 | Neutron Emission from Crushing Process of High Piezoelectric Matter in Deuterium Gas | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 469 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Neutron Emission from Crushing Process of High Piezoelectric Matter in Deuterium Gas | LiNbO3, D2, fractofusion, neutron, ball mill, ICCF-3 | We studied neutron emission from a crushing process of a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) single crystal in deuterium gas atmosphere. We observed excess neutrons 3 counts / h with a confidence level of 99.95% that correspond 120 neutrons / h emission from process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=207 | ||
| 3720 | Journal Article | Shirakawa, T., Chiba, M., Fujii, M., Sueki, K., Miyamoto, S., Nakamitsu, Y., Toriumi, H., Uehara, T., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Fukushima, K., Hirose, T., Seimiya, T., Nakahara, H. | 1993 | A neutron emission from lithium niobate fracture | Chem. Lett. | A neutron emission from lithium niobate fracture | fractofusion, ball mill LiNbO, neutron, titanium Pd | ||||||||
| 3721 | Conference Proceedings | Shirakawa, T., Fujii, M., Chiba, M., Sueki, K., Ikebe, T., Yamaoka, S., Miura, H., Watanabe, T., Hirose, T., Nakahara, H., Utsumi, M. | 1993 | Particle Acceleration and Neutron Emission in a Fracture Process of a Piezoelectric Material | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 6 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Particle Acceleration and Neutron Emission in a Fracture Process of a Piezoelectric Material | fractofusion, LiNbO3, D2, ICCF-4, H2 | |||||
| 3722 | Journal Article | Shkedi, Z., McDonald, R. C., Breen, J. J., Maguire, S. J., Veranth, J. | 1995 | Calorimetry, excess heat, and Faraday efficiency in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells | Fusion Technol., Vol = 28 | Calorimetry, excess heat, and Faraday efficiency in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells | Ni, H2O, recombination, heat, electrolysis, critique | ||||||||
| 3723 | Journal Article | Shkedi, Z. | 1996 | Response to 'Comments on 'Calorimetry, excess heat, and Faraday efficiency in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells'' | Fusion Technol., Vol = 30 | Response to 'Comments on 'Calorimetry, excess heat, and Faraday efficiency in Ni-H2O electrolytic cells'' | critique, Good | ||||||||
| 3724 | Journal Article | Shohoji, N. | 1990 | Unique features of hydrogen in palladium metal lattice: hints for discussing the possible occurrence of cold nuclear fusion | J. Mater. Sci. Lett., Vol = 9 | Unique features of hydrogen in palladium metal lattice: hints for discussing the possible occurrence of cold nuclear fusion | discussion, Ce, Au, Ni | ||||||||
| 3725 | Patent | Shoulders, K. R. | 1991 | Patents | J. Mater. Sci. Lett., Vol = 9 | US Patent 5,018,180 (1991); 5,054,046 (1991); 5,054,047 (1991); 5,123,039 (1992) and 5,148,461 (1992) | Tertiary Patents | charge cluster patent | |||||||
| 3726 | Journal Article | Shoulders, K. R., Shoulders, S. | 1996 | Observations on the role of charge clusters in nuclear cluster reactions | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 111 | Observations on the role of charge clusters in nuclear cluster reactions | charge cluster, EV transmutation, Pd, Dash, critique, theory | ||||||||
| 3727 | Conference Proceedings | Shoulders, K. R., Shoulders, S. | 1999 | Charge clusters in action | Conference on Future Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 1 | Integrity Research Institute | Bethesda, MD | 4/29-5/1 1999 | Charge clusters in action | transmutation, charge cluster electron cluster EV | |||||
| 3728 | Journal Article | Shoulders, K. R. | 2001 | Permittivity Transitions | J. New Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 2, Page = 121 | Rescued thanks to the Wayback Machine | electron cluster, EV, black EV, soliton, permittivity, entanglement | Highly organized, micron-sized clusters of electrons, or EVs, having soliton behaviour, with electron populations on the order of Avogadro's number are represented as the necessary function for modifying the permittivity of space in a downward direction. The state of existence for this entity reduces its expressed charge by many orders of magnitude below that calculated for the same number and volume of uncontained electrons. The EV is shown to exist in at least two distinct modes of charge masking, with one of them, the black EV, being virtually undetectable using sensitive methods. A form of inertial propulsion will be discussed that arises from the inertial rectification affects available by modulating the state of the EV, thereby the permittivity of space and concomitant inertia or effective mass of material moving through space. It will be shown that the same type of permittivity change through EV modulation can achieve a unidirectional current flow and that this gives rise to methods for generating monopole affects and vector potentials useful for communication outside the usual current loop generating them. Consideration will be given to a form of pseudo particle entanglement arising from the tight and pseudo-quantized coupling between the EV structures. Complex organisms are discussed composed entirely of EV structures that are self-formed at electronic rates without using either mechanical or chemical methods. Some speculations will be made on the benefits of operating such complex entities in regions of greatly reduced permittivity. A condensed matter dissolution technique will be shown that is capable of cold dissociation of refractory material into a low viscosity fluid. The root process for energy conversion methods resembling 'cold fusion' are reviewed and shown to likely spring from the same EV technology capable of producing a modified space permittivity. Consideration will be given to experimental methods for testing affects on time at greatly reduced levels of permittivity. | http://www.svn.net/krscfs/Permittivity Transitions.pdf | ||||||
| 3729 | Book Section | Shrikhande, V. K., Mittal, K. C. | 1989 | Deuteration of Machined Titanium Targets for Cold Fusion Experiments | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Deuteration of Machined Titanium Targets for Cold Fusion Experiments | Ti, loading | Cold fusion experiments were initiated with solid targets made from titanium loaded with deuterium gas on receipt of reports of the successful Frascati experiments1. The absorption of deuterium by Ti is a reversible process and when titanium is heated in a deuterium atmosphere, the reaction will continue until the concentration of deuterium in the metal attains an equilibrium value. This equilibrium value depends on the specimen temperature and the pressure of the surrounding deuterium atmosphere. Any imposed temperature or pressure change causes rejection or absorption of deuterium until a new equilibrium state is achieved. If the surface of titanium is clean, the rate of absorption increases rapidly with temperature. At temperatures above 500?, the equilibrium is achieved in a matter of a few seconds. However deuterium absorption is considerably reduced if the surface of Ti is contaminated with oxygen. Keeping in view these facts, a procedure was evolved for titanium target preparation and subsequent deuteration. The following sections describe the details of preparation of the targets, their chemical cleaning and degassing followed by deuteration process. | 1500 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Shrikhandedeuteratio.pdf | |||
| 3730 | Conference Proceedings | Shrikhande, V. K., Kaushik, T. C., Auluck, S. K. H., Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M. | 1995 | Preliminary Results on the Variation of Electrical Resistance of TiDx Wire With Deuterium Concentration | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 465 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Preliminary Results on the Variation of Electrical Resistance of TiDx Wire With Deuterium Concentration | TiD, resistance, resistivity, ICCF-5 | Experiments have been carried out to study the variation and reproducibility of electrical resistance as a functiol1 of the deuterium concentration (D/Ti) in titanium wires. Deuterium loading is carried out in a series of steps by passing a D.C. current to ohmically heat the sample for some time in D2 gas until a measurable quantity is absorbed. After every loading, the wire resistance and decrease in the gas pressure are measured at room temperature using a four probe resistance meter (?0.2% accuracy) and an oil manometer respectively. Significantly, it is observed that an apparently simple property like electrical resistance is not easily reproducible. The pre loading heat treatment and residual gases in high vacuum appear to play an important role on the behaviour of the resistance in TiDx. The preliminary results also suggest that this property may not be useful in estimating the deuterium content in titanium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=270 | ||
| 3731 | Journal Article | Shunjin, W. | 1991 | Effect of Coulomb screening on deuterium-deuterium fusion cross section | Gaoneng Wuli Yu Hewuli, Vol = 15, Num = 8, Page = 761 (in Chinese) | Effect of Coulomb screening on deuterium-deuterium fusion cross section | theory, Gamow | ||||||||
| 3732 | Book Section | Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Degwekar, S. B., Kulkarni, L. V. | 1989 | Multiplicity Distribution of Neutron Emission in Cold Fusion Experiments | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | Multiplicity Distribution of Neutron Emission in Cold Fusion Experiments | neutron, tritium, Pd, D | 1500 | ||||
| 3733 | Conference Proceedings | Shyam, A., Srinivasan, M., Kaushik, T. C., Kulkarni, L. V. | 1995 | Observation of High Multiplicity Bursts of Neutrons During Electrolysis of Heavy Water with Palladium Cathode Using the Dead-Time Filtering Technique | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 181 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | April 9-13, 1995 | Observation of High Multiplicity Bursts of Neutrons During Electrolysis of Heavy Water with Palladium Cathode Using the Dead-Time Filtering Technique | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, ICCF-5 | A series of experiments were carried out to detect production of neutrons from a commercial (Milton Roy) palladium-nickel electrolytic cell operated with 0.1 M LiOH or LiOD as the electrolyte at a current density of ~ 80 mA/cm2. Neutron emission was monitored using a bank of 16 BF3 detectors embedded in a cylindrical moderator assembly. A dead-time filtering technique was employed to detect the presence of neutron “bursts” if any and characterize the multiplicity distribution of such neutron bursts. It was found that with an operating Pd-D2O cell located in the centre of the neutron detection set-up, the daily average neutron count rate increased by about 9% throughout a one month period, over the background value of ~ 2386 counts/day indicating an average daily neutron production of ~ 2220 neutrons/day by the cell. In addition analysis of the deadtime filtered counts data indicated that about 6.5% of these neutrons were emitted in the form of bursts of 20 to 100 neutrons each. On an average there were an additional 6 burst events per day during electrolysis with LiOD over the daily average background burst rate of 1.7 bursts/day. The frequency of occurrence of burst events as well as their multiplicity was significantly higher with D2O + LiOD in the cell when compared with background runs as also light water 'control' runs. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ShyamAobservatio.pdf | |||
| 3734 | Journal Article | Shyam, A., Kaushik, T. C. | 1998 | Absence of neutron emission during interaction of deuterium with metal at low energies | Pramana, Vol = 50 | Absence of neutron emission during interaction of deuterium with metal at low energies | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 3735 | Journal Article | Shyam, A. | 2000 | Strange behavior of tritiated natural water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Strange behavior of tritiated natural water | critique tritium | ||||||||
| 3736 | Journal Article | Siegmann, H. C., Schlapbach, L., Brundle, C. R. | 1978 | Self-restoring of the active surface in the hydrogen sponge LaNi5 | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 40 | Self-restoring of the active surface in the hydrogen sponge LaNi5 | LaNi5, D, H, surface, loading, Magnetic Susceptibility | ||||||||
| 3737 | Conference Proceedings | SIF | 1991 | The Science of Cold Fusion | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion' | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | The Science of Cold Fusion | Proceedings of The Second International Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF-2) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf | ||||
| 3738 | Journal Article | Silver, D. S., Dash, J., Keefe, P. S. | 1993 | Surface topography of a palladium cathode after electrolysis in heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Surface topography of a palladium cathode after electrolysis in heavy water | Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis, tritium, neutron, gamma emission, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3739 | Conference Proceedings | Silver, D. S., Dash, J. | 1998 | Surface Studies of Palladium After Interaction with Hydrogen Isotopes | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 351 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Surface Studies of Palladium After Interaction with Hydrogen Isotopes | Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis, D2O, transmutation, ICCF-7 | Several pairs of cold rolled palladium cathodes (40 microm thick) were electrolyzed in series for various times up to six minutes. One of each pair was in light water electrolyte and the other in heavy water electrolyte. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies performed six months after electrolysis of the heavy water cathodes revealed asperities, craters, and nodules, suggesting that localized melting and recrystallization had occurred, as we reported previously on specimens electrolyzed for longer times. AFM studies 1 .5 years later revealed loose, nanometer-sized particles, indicating that the heavy water cathodes continued to change during storage, long after electrolysis was performed, which we also reported previously on other cathodes. The morphology of palladium cathodes electrolyzed in light water electrolyte remained nearly identical to that of the unelectrolyzed control, even two years after electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=351 | ||
| 3740 | Journal Article | Silvera, I. F., Moshary, E. | 1990 | Deuterated palladium at temperatures from 4.3 to 400K and pressures to 105 kbar: search for cold fusion | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 42, Num = 14, Page = 9143 | Deuterated palladium at temperatures from 4.3 to 400K and pressures to 105 kbar: search for cold fusion | PdD, high pressure, loading low temperature | ||||||||
| 3741 | Journal Article | Simanek, E. | 1990 | Quantum tunnelling through a fluctuating barrier. Enhancement of cold-fusion rate | Physica A, Vol = 164 | Quantum tunnelling through a fluctuating barrier. Enhancement of cold-fusion rate | theory, tunnelling | ||||||||
| 3742 | Journal Article | Simons, J. W., Flanagan, T. B. | 1965 | Effects of the Electronic Band Shape of Palladium Metal on the Proton Model for Hydrogen Absorption | Canadian J. Chem., Vol = 43 | Effects of the Electronic Band Shape of Palladium Metal on the Proton Model for Hydrogen Absorption | Pd, H, Density Of States, theory | ||||||||
| 3743 | Journal Article | Simons, J. K., Flanagan, T. B. | 1965 | Absorption Isotherms of H in the Alpha-Phase of the H-Pd System | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 69 | Absorption Isotherms of H in the Alpha-Phase of the H-Pd System | PdH, pressure, thermodynamic, resistivity | ||||||||
| 3744 | Journal Article | Singh, M., Saksena, M. D., Dixit, V. S., Kartha, V. B. | 1994 | Verification of the George Oshawa Experiment for Anomalous Production of Iron From Carbon Arc in Water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Verification of the George Oshawa Experiment for Anomalous Production of Iron From Carbon Arc in Water | Fe, transmutation, nonradioactive, carbon, plasma | A direct current arc was run between ultrapure graphite electrodes dipped in ultrapure water for 1 to 20 h, The graphite residue collected at the bottom of the water trough was analyzed for iron content by a conventional spectrographic method, It was found, in the first few experiments, that the iron content in the graphite residue was fairly high, depending on the duration of the arcing, The experiment was repeated initially six times, and the results showed large variations in iron content (50 to 2000 parts per million (ppm)) in the carbon residue, In the second series of experiments, which were done with the water trough fully covered, the amount of iron in the carbon residue decreased significantly (20 to 100 ppm), Here also there were large variations in the iron concentration in the residue, although the experiments were performed under identical conditions, Whether iron is really being synthesized through transmutation from carbon and oxygen as suggested by George Oshawa or is getting concentrated to different degrees through some other phenomenon is not currently clear, The iron in the carbon residue was also analyzed mass spectrometrically for the abundance of its various isotopes, and the results were more or less the same as that of natural iron, Besides iron, the presence of other elements like silicon, nickel, aluminum, and chromium was also determined in the carbon residue, and it was found that the variation of their concentrations followed the same pattern as that of iron. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SinghMverificati.pdf | ||||||
| 3745 | Journal Article | Sinha, B., Viyogi, Y. P., Chattopadhyaya, S., Mazumdar, M. R. D., Murthy, G. S. N., Muthukrishnan, G., Bandyopadhyaya, T., Trivedi, M. D., Ghosh, D., Srivastava, D. K., Sen, P. | 1989 | Observations of neutron bursts in electrolysis of heavy water | Indian J. Technol., Vol = 27 | Observations of neutron bursts in electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis Pd, titanium, D2O, neutron gamma emission, heat- NaCl | ||||||||
| 3746 | Report | Sinha, K. P., Albright, D. C. | 1999 | The role of local electron pairing in facilitating fusion, fission and other mechanisms in reproducible experiments | Indian J. Technol., Vol = 27 | The role of local electron pairing in facilitating fusion, fission and other mechanisms in reproducible experiments | theory, electron pairing | ||||||||
| 3747 | Conference Proceedings | Sinha, K. P., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2000 | Electron Screening in Metal Deuterides | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 369 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Electron Screening in Metal Deuterides | theory, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 3748 | Conference Proceedings | Sinha, K. P., Meulenberg, A. | 2008 | A model for enhanced fusion reaction in a solid matrix of metal deuterides | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | A model for enhanced fusion reaction in a solid matrix of metal deuterides | Theory | Our study shows that the cross-section for fusion improves considerably if d-d pairs are located in linear (one-dimensional) chainlets or line defects. Such non-equilibrium defects can exist only in a solid matrix.? Further, solids harbor lattice vibrational modes (quanta, phonons) whose longitudinal-optical modes interact strongly with electrons and ions.? One such interaction, resulting in potential inversion, causes localization of electron pairs on deuterons. Thus, we have attraction of D+ - D- pairs and strong screening of the nuclear repulsion due to these local electron pairs (local charged bosons: acronym, lochons).? This attraction and strong coupling permits low-energy deuterons to approach close enough to alter the standard equations used to define nuclear-interaction cross-sections. These altered equations not only predict that low-energy-nuclear reactions (LENR) of D+ - D- (and H+ - H-) pairs are possible, they predict that they are probable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SinhaKPamodelfore.pdf | |||||
| 3749 | Journal Article | Sinha, K. P., Meulenberg, A. | 2012 | Lochon-mediated Low-energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Lochon-mediated Low-energy Nuclear Reactions | Deep orbital, Fragmentation, LENR, Lochon, Strong screening | In heavily hydrogenated (deuterated) palladium crystals, the crystallinity is degraded. This non-uniformity results in phonon modes that are localized and of higher frequency than for unloaded lattices. These modes create dynamic electrostatic fields that couple strongly with both bound and free electrons and the hydrogen (H and D) sub-lattice. A consequent potential inversion leads to the formation of ??ochons? (local-charged bosons-electron pairs in the singlet state) and results in H- or D- ions in the sub-lattice. The nuclear-Coulomb repulsion between colliding D+ D- ion pairs in the sub-lattice is considerably reduced by the resultant ??trong screening? and ??ochon-drag? effects. Furthermore, work is done, by the bound lochon in a D- ion attracting an adjacent D+ ion. This results in reductions: of the deuteron?? electron-orbital radii, as the ion pair approaches; of the mass deficit between the deuteron pair and a 4He atom (or a proton pair and a 2He/2H atom); and finally of the Coulomb repulsion between nuclear protons in a helium nucleus. Thus, the end product of such a deuteron-pair fusion is an excited-helium nucleus (4He*) with lower energy relative to that resulting from energetic deuteron collisions. This reduced energy of the excited nucleus may be lower than its new fragmentation levels. The effect of lochon mediation, to alter the nuclear potential-well and fragmentation energies, allows decay to the 4He ground states to be free of particulate radiation. This decay process, of ?eutral? 2He (from p+p) or 4He excited nuclei, is also a basis for observed transmutation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=64 | ||||||
| 3750 | Journal Article | Sinha, A., Meulenberg, A. | 2012 | Quantum-correlated Fluctuations, Phonon-induced Bond Polarization, Enhanced Tunneling, and Low-energy Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 8 (2012) 105–114 | Quantum-correlated Fluctuations, Phonon-induced Bond Polarization, Enhanced Tunneling, and Low-energy Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter | Bond polarization, Correlated fluctuations, Lattice-assisted tunneling, LENR, Phonons | In heavily (deuterated or hydrogenated) palladium, some of the crystallinity is lost. As a consequence, the localized phonon modes of the crystal/damaged-region interface have a much higher frequency than the host. These high-frequency modes create electrostatic fields that interact strongly with electrons of the local atoms. A resulting instantaneous potential inversion, from polarization, leads to the formation of lochons (local charged bosons-electron pairs in the singlet state, perhaps isolated from the Pd d-orbital energy levels) and of an associated H+ or D+ ion (with its two shared electrons instantaneously isolated into the adjacent Pd d-levels). The Coulomb repulsion between the nuclei of these pairs is greatly reduced by strong screening from the lochons that can even generate an attractive polarization potential. Furthermore, the mutual tunneling penetration probability of the Coulomb barrier is enhanced by correlated fluctuations. This arises from the generalized uncertainty relations, x px,E t = (n + 1/2)h/(1 - ?2)0.5, where n may be on the order of 10-100 and where results from two models are combined. The integer n values represent excitations in the phonon modes of the H or D sub-lattice and ? is the correlation coefficient with 0 < ? < 1. Higher values of nand ?, for a particle in a potential well, imply less localization and greater uncertainties in location (i.e., extending its probability distribution further into the barrier). These periodic fluctuations into the barrier are an interference effect similar to that of beat frequencies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=111 | ||||||
| 3751 | Journal Article | Sinha, A. | 2015 | Model of low energy nuclear reactions in a solid matrix with defects | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 516 Model of low energy nuclear reactions in a solid matrix with defects | |||||||||
| 3752 | Journal Article | Sioda, R. E. | 1989 | Heat effects during room-temperature electrolysis of deuterium oxide | Bull. Electrochem., Vol = 5, Num = 12, Page = 902 | Heat effects during room-temperature electrolysis of deuterium oxide | electrolysis, Pt, D2O, heat, method | ||||||||
| 3753 | Journal Article | Sioda, R. E., Fahidy, T. Z. | 1992 | A simplified approach to the thermal behaviour of electrolytic Dewar cell calorimeters | J. Appl. Electrochem., Vol = 22 | A simplified approach to the thermal behaviour of electrolytic Dewar cell calorimeters | heat, method | ||||||||
| 3754 | Journal Article | Sioda, R. | 1994 | Cavity in Metal (Hohlraum) Limited-Radiation Effect Law | Curr. Topics Electrochem., Vol = 3 | Cavity in Metal (Hohlraum) Limited-Radiation Effect Law | theory, hot spot | ||||||||
| 3755 | Journal Article | Sisik, B., Nagel, D. J. | 2020 | Review of Seebeck Calorimeters Used in LENR Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Review of Seebeck Calorimeters Used in LENR Experiments | Calorimeters, Isoperibolic calorimeters, LENR, Low energy nuclear reactions, Mass flow calorimeters, Seebeck calorimeters | Cold Fusion is the name initially applied to what are now called, more generally, Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR). Such reactions produce nuclear products and generate thermal energy. Calorimeters are the instruments used to measure the energy production. They can be based on either mass or heat flow. Some heat flow calorimeters use the Seebeck effect in particular materials, where temperature differences produced by LENR generate measurable voltages from thermoelectric devices. This paper is a review of Seebeck calorimeters that have been used in LENR experiments. Compilations of their characteristics and performance are provided. The scaling of the performance of Seebeck calorimeters with their size is considered. The equations that govern the behavior of both mass flow and heat flow calorimeters are given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=240 | ||||||
| 3756 | Conference Proceedings | Sjland, K. A., Kristiansson, P., Westergard, K. G. J. | 1991 | Liquid Scintillator Detection and Multiparameter Data Acquisition for Neutron Detection in Cold Fusion Experiments | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 261 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Liquid Scintillator Detection and Multiparameter Data Acquisition for Neutron Detection in Cold Fusion Experiments | neutron, method, ICCF-2 | We have designed a low level neutron detector for cold fusion expcrimenu with tilanium and deuterium gas. The basic principle of the system is to monitor as many relevant parameters as possible and store them event-by-event and analyze the data afterwards. The result of the experiment was that no significant excess of neutrons was observed. We also discussed the cosmic radiation that may influence low level measurements of neutrons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=276 | ||
| 3757 | Journal Article | Skelton, E. F., Hagans, P. L., Qadri, S. B., Dominguez, D. D., Ehrlich, A. C., Hu, J. Z. | 1998 | In situ Monitoring of Crystallographic Changes in Pd Induced by Diffusion of D | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 58, Num = 22 | In situ Monitoring of Crystallographic Changes in Pd Induced by Diffusion of D | Pd, loading, D2O, electrolysis, diffusion | ||||||||
| 3758 | Journal Article | Skerrett, P. J. | 1990 | Cold Fusion at Texas A&M: Problems, but No Fraud | Science, Vol = 250 | Cold Fusion at Texas A&M: Problems, but No Fraud | history | ||||||||
| 3759 | Journal Article | Skibbe, U., Neue, G. | 1990 | A 2D-NMR method to study near-surface regions of conductors | Colloids Surf., Vol = 45 | A 2D-NMR method to study near-surface regions of conductors | surface analysis, Pd, diffusion, loading, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3760 | Journal Article | Slanina, Z. | 1989 | Towards molecular-thermodynamic aspects of postulated Pd/D low-temperature nuclear fusion: a useful example of a failure of the conventional translation partition function | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 156 | Towards molecular-thermodynamic aspects of postulated Pd/D low-temperature nuclear fusion: a useful example of a failure of the conventional translation partition function | theory | ||||||||
| 3761 | Conference Proceedings | Smedley, S. I., Crouch-Baker, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 1992 | The January 2, 1992, Explosion in a Deuterium/Palladium Electrolytic System at SRI International | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 139 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The January 2, 1992, Explosion in a Deuterium/Palladium Electrolytic System at SRI International | explosion, SRI, accident, ICCF-3 | This paper reviews the accident that occurred at SRI International on January 2, 1992. A plausible explanation for the cause of the accident is proposed, and recommendat ions are made pertaining to the safety of future experiments. These recommendations relate to the design of electrolysis experiments, and to the behavior of recombination catalysts, and may provide useful guidelines for other workers in the field. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=147 | ||
| 3762 | Journal Article | Smilga, A. V., Smilga, V. P. | 1996 | A small physical effect | Ross. Khim. Zh., Vol = 40, Num = 3, Page = 122 (in Russian) | A small physical effect | theory | ||||||||
| 3763 | Journal Article | Smith, D. P., Derge, G. J. | 1935 | The Occlusion and Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals. A. Metallographic Study of Palladium-Hydrogen | Trans. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = LXVI | The Occlusion and Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals. A. Metallographic Study of Palladium-Hydrogen | Pd H, diffusion, Excess Volume, Chemical Etch | ||||||||
| 3764 | Journal Article | Smith, D. P., Barret, C. S. | 1940 | Note on the Arrangement of Phases in Pd-H | J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol = 62 | Note on the Arrangement of Phases in Pd-H | Pd, H, diffusion, structure | ||||||||
| 3765 | Journal Article | Smith, T. F., White, G. K. | 1977 | Gruneisen Parameters , Electron-Phonon Enhancement and Superconductivity for Pd-H Alloys | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 7 | Gruneisen Parameters , Electron-Phonon Enhancement and Superconductivity for Pd-H Alloys | Thermal Expansion, Pd, H, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 3766 | Journal Article | Sobkowski, J. | 1990 | Cold fusion - facts and opinions | Wiad. Chem., Vol = 44 | Cold fusion - facts and opinions | review | ||||||||
| 3767 | Journal Article | Sobotka, L. G., Winter, P. | 1990 | Fracture without fusion (Scientific correspondence) | Nature (London), Vol = 343 | Fracture without fusion (Scientific correspondence) | fractofusion, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 3768 | Journal Article | Sof'ina, V. V. | 1963 | Activation of Hydrogen Adsorption by Palladium | Pribory i Teckh. Eksp. | Activation of Hydrogen Adsorption by Palladium | activation, Pd, H2, loading | ||||||||
| 3769 | Journal Article | Sohlberg, K., Szalewicz, K. | 1990 | Fusion rates for deuterium in titanium clusters | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 144, Num = 6,7, Page = 365 | Fusion rates for deuterium in titanium clusters | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 3770 | Journal Article | Soifer, V. N., Goryachev, V. A., Salyuk, A. N., Sergeev, F. | 1990 | Neutron yield in heavy-water electrolysis | Sov. Phys. Dokl., Vol = 35, Num = 6, Page = 546 | Neutron yield in heavy-water electrolysis | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron, titanium, Pt, Ti-V | ||||||||
| 3771 | Journal Article | Sona, P. G., Parmigiani, F., Barberis, F., Battaglia, A., Berti, R., Buzzanca, G., Capelli, A., Capra, D., Ferrari, M. | 1990 | Preliminary tests on tritium and neutrons in cold nuclear fusion within palladium cathodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Preliminary tests on tritium and neutrons in cold nuclear fusion within palladium cathodes | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, neutron | ||||||||
| 3772 | Journal Article | Sona, P. G., Ferrari, M. | 1990 | The possible negative influence of dissolved O2 in cold nuclear fusion experiments | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | The possible negative influence of dissolved O2 in cold nuclear fusion experiments | Li, Pd, electrolysis, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 3773 | Journal Article | Song, X., Liu, J. | 1997 | Cold fusion and its lessons | Juaxue Tongbao | Cold fusion and its lessons | review | ||||||||
| 3774 | Report | Soriaga, M. P. | 1990 | Surface Electrochemical Studies of Pd in Alkaline D2O Solutions | Juaxue Tongbao | Surface Electrochemical Studies of Pd in Alkaline D2O Solutions | Pd, surface, D, AES, XPS, TDMS, analysis | ||||||||
| 3775 | Journal Article | Southon, J. R., Stark, J. W., Vogel, J. S., Waddington, J. C. | 1990 | Upper limit for neutron emission from cold deuteron-triton fusion | Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 5, Page = R1899 | Upper limit for neutron emission from cold deuteron-triton fusion | titanium D2, electrolysis, neutron | ||||||||
| 3776 | Journal Article | Soyfer, V. N., Goryachev, V. A., Salyuk, A. N., Sergeyev, A. F. | 1992 | Neutron emission during heavy water electrolysis | Appl. Radiat. Isot., Vol = 43 | Neutron emission during heavy water electrolysis | electrolysis, titanium D2O, neutron, Ti-V, Pt, Vanadium | ||||||||
| 3777 | Conference Proceedings | Spallone, A., Celani, F., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V. | 2000 | New Electrolytic Procedure for the Obtainment of Very High H/Pd Loading Ratios. Preliminary Attempts for its Application to the D/Pd System | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 191 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | New Electrolytic Procedure for the Obtainment of Very High H/Pd Loading Ratios. Preliminary Attempts for its Application to the D/Pd System | loading, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-8 | A new electrolytic protocol is proposed, capable of insuring a very high Hydrogen loading of thin Palladium wires. The main characteristic of the procedure consists in the use of a particular electrolyte containing very small amounts of alkaline-earth metals dissolved in a diluted acid solution (H2O+HCl). The addition of alkaline-earth metals to the electrolyte appears to be decisive for the achievement of HlPd loading ratios close to 1. Two independent Research Groups have tested the protocol with similar results. Probably because of the presence of contaminants in the heavy water, less satisfactory results have been obtained for the DlPd loading ratios (best result: R/Ro = 1.52; DlPd ~ 0.97) | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SpalloneAnewelectro.pdf | ||
| 3778 | Conference Proceedings | Spallone, A., Celani, F., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V. | 2002 | Experimental studies to achieve H/Pd loading ratio close to 1 in thin wires, using different electrolytic solutions | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Experimental studies to achieve H/Pd loading ratio close to 1 in thin wires, using different electrolytic solutions 4039 | loading, Pd, thin wires, electrolysis, alcohol, H2O | Systematic studies have been performed in order to achieve very high concentration of Hydrogen (or Deuterium) into a Palladium lattice. In a very diluted acid electrolytic cell a thin Pd cathode wire (100 mm) and tick anode Pt wires (0.5 mm) has been used as electrodes in a coaxial geometry. Normalised resistance (R/Ro) of Pd-H wire system has been measured on-line and used as reference of H/Pd values. Alcoholic solution (95%) and electrolytic solution (5%) has been used with addition of a very low amount of Sr and Hg ions; high loading results have been achieved with a satisfactory grade of reproducibility. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SpalloneAexperiment.pdf | |||
| 3779 | Conference Proceedings | Spallone, A., Celani, F., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V. | 2004 | An Overview Of Experimental Studies On H/Pd Over-Loading With Thin Pd Wires And Different Electrolytic Solutions | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | An Overview Of Experimental Studies On H/Pd Over-Loading With Thin Pd Wires And Different Electrolytic Solutions | Hundreds of electrolytic loading tests of thin Pd wires in different experimental conditions have been performed in order to find out the best procedures for stable, high hydrogen overloading into the palladium lattice. In a very dilute acid solution thin Pd cathodes (50 or 100 mm in diameter) and thick Pt anodes (0.5 mm in diameter) were used in a parallel or coaxial geometry. Normalised resistance (R/Ro) of the Pd cathode was on-line and continuously measured in order to determine the actual H/Pd values. Different electrolytic solutions have been tested by adding to the acid solution very low amounts of Ca, Sr, Li and Hg ions; high loading H/Pd ratios have been achieved with a satisfactory grade of reproducibility. Several loading procedures have been performed in a wide range of electrolysis current (from a few mA up to one hundred mA) and at different Hg ion concentrations. The obtained results allowed for the definition of a loading protocol that ensures very high H/Pd over-loading. Stable R/Ro ≤ 1.2 values (corresponding to H/Pd ratios ≥ 1) can be currently achieved with an extremely low power electrolytic supply (10 V, 5 mA). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SpalloneAanoverview.pdf | ||||||
| 3780 | Conference Proceedings | Spallone, A., Celani, F., Marini, P., Di Stefano, V. | 2005 | Measurements Of The Temperature Coefficient Of Electric Resistivity Of Hydrogen Overloaded Pd | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Measurements Of The Temperature Coefficient Of Electric Resistivity Of Hydrogen Overloaded Pd | loading | As reported in previous papers, we performed many electrolytic loading tests using thin Pd wires, achieving loading ratios of H/Pd 0.95 (H/Pd over-loading).? In particular, we defined a reproducible 'loading protocol' suitable for achieving such an over-loading level, based on the use of very diluted acid electrolytic solutions (with additions of tenths of micro-moles of Ca or Sr or Li cations and some hundred nano-moles of Hg ions) and operating with electrolytic current cycles? from a few mA up to one hundred mA. By observing the day/night cyclic fluctuations of electrical resistance, as a function of the corresponding temperature variations, of stable, long term, H/Pd loadings we were able to calculate the temperature coefficient of resistivity (K) of the Pd-H system at very high H/Pd loadings. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SpalloneAmeasuremen.pdf | ||||
| 3781 | Conference Proceedings | Spallone, A., Marmigi, A., Celani, F., Marini, P., Stefano, V. | 2007 | A Review of Experimental studies about Hydrogen over-loading within Palladium wires (H/Pd > 1) | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | A Review of Experimental studies about Hydrogen over-loading within Palladium wires (H/Pd > 1) | excess heat, thin wires | Many hundreds of systematic tests have been performed at Frascati National Laboratories in order to achieve very high concentration of hydrogen (overloading) in palladium wires. The electrodes (cathode in central position: Pd wires 50 or 100 ?m thick and anode: Pt wires 0.5 mm thick) were placed in a coaxial geometry into a small cylindrical electrolytic cell. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=298 | |||||
| 3782 | Journal Article | Speiser, B., Rieker, A. | 1989 | Energy from electrochemically induced nuclear fusion? | Nachr. Chem. Tech. Lab., Vol = 37 | Energy from electrochemically induced nuclear fusion? | critique, heat, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 3783 | Journal Article | Spinrad, B. I. | 1990 | On cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | On cold fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 3784 | Conference Proceedings | Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Degwekar, S. B., Kulkarni, L. V. | 1990 | Statistical Analysis of Neutron Emission in Cold Fusion Experiments | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 175 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Statistical Analysis of Neutron Emission in Cold Fusion Experiments | neutron, critique, method, ICCF-1 | The paper discusses two techniques for studying the multiplicity spectrum of neutron emission in cold fusion experiments. In the first method the multiplicity distribution of counts in 20 ms time intervals is analysed to give information about the statistics of neutron emission in cold fusion. The results of six such experiments indicate that about 10 to 25% of the neutrons produced in cold fusion are emitted in the form of bunches 400 to 600 neutrons each. The other method discussed is an adaptation of the Artificial Dead Time method developed originally for reactor noise analysis as well as for the passive neutron assay of plutonium. An expression for the fractional loss of counts in the presence of dead time is derived. It is shown that a neutron detection efficiency of ~ 1% is adequate to estimate the average multiplicity as well as the fraction of bunched neutron emission in the presence of a Poisson background. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasanstatistica.pdf | ||
| 3785 | Conference Proceedings | Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Kaushik, T. C., Rout, R. K., Kulkarni, L. V., Krishnan, M. S., Malhotra, S. K., Nagvenkar, V. G., Iyengar, P. K. | 1990 | Observation of Tritium in Gas/Plasma Loaded Titanium Samples | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 514 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Observation of Tritium in Gas/Plasma Loaded Titanium Samples | titanium, D2, tritium, ion implantation | The observation of significant neutron yield from gas loaded titanium samples at Frascati in April 1989 opened up an alternate pathway to the investigation of anomalous nuclear phenomena in deuterium/solid systems, complimenting the electrolytic approach. Since then atleast six different groups have successfully measured burst neutron emission from deuterated titanium shavings following the Frascati methodology, the special feature of which was the use of liquid nitrogen to create repeated thermal cycles resulting in the production of non-equilibrium conditions in the deuterated samples. At Trombay several variations of the gas loading procedure have been investigated including induction heating of single machined titanium targets in a glass chamber as well as use of a plasma focus device for deuteriding its central titanium electrode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasanobservatio.pdf | ||
| 3786 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M. | 1991 | Nuclear fusion in an atomic lattice: An update on the international status of cold fusion research | Curr. Sci., Vol = 60 | Nuclear fusion in an atomic lattice: An update on the international status of cold fusion research | review | It is now two years since the first reports of the occurrence of nuclear reactions at ambient temperatures in deuterated metals such as Pd or Ti were published. ?old fusion', as this phenomenon has now come to be known, has, however, become embroiled in intense controversy with the scientific community becoming sharply polarized into 'believers' and 'non-believers' of this novel phenomenon. This ambivalence is primarily because of the non-reproducibility of the claimed results by many reputed research groups that have often used sophisticated experimental equipment. However, as the present review clearly shows, a large number of laboratories in many different countries have now obtained very reliable experimental evidence confirming the generation of 2.45-MeV neutrons, tritium, charged particles, X-rays, etc., both in electrolysis experiments and in a variety of other D2 -/plasma-/ion-beam-loading experiments, thereby confirming the nuclear origin of the phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasannuclearfus.pdf | ||||||
| 3787 | Conference Proceedings | Srinivasan, M., Shyam, A., Sankaranarayanan, T. K., Bajpai, M. B., Ramamurthy, H., Mukherjee, U. K., Krishnan, M. S., Nayar, M. G., Naik, Y. P. | 1992 | Tritium and Excess Heat Generation During Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions of Alkali Salts With Nickel Cathode | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 123 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Tritium and Excess Heat Generation During Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions of Alkali Salts With Nickel Cathode | heat+, tritium, Ni, H2O, ICCF-3 | A number of open cell electrolysis experiments of the Mills and Kneizys type using Nickel as cathode, Pt wire as anode and aqueous solutions of carbonates of Potassium, Sodium and Lithium (natural and enriched) as electrolyte have been carried out in three different laboratories at Trombay. The cells were fabricated out of commercial dewar vacuum flasks. The difference in temperature at equilibrium between the operating cells and that of an identical dummy reference flask was measured to deduce excess heat. The cells were calibrated using resistance heaters. In all, studies have been carried out so far in 29 electrolytic cells with various electrolytes. In some cases a mixture of H20 and D20 was used. The cells were operated for a few weeks at a time and excess heat up to a maximum of 70% appears to be present in most cells when the input joule power is upto a watt or two. The current density was less than 40 mA/cm^2. Electrolyte samples before and after electrolysis were analysed for tritium content after microdistillation to eliminate chemiluminiscence effects. Samples from 18 out of 29 experiments analysed have indicated tritium levels varying in the region of 46 Bq/ml to 3390 Bq/ml. One cell with enriched Li2C03 solution in H20 which was monitored continuously for over a month indicated that tritium generation is continuous. Although the highest amount of tritium produced so far was with a K2C03 in 25% D20 cell, the generation of tritium in cells containing only H20 is a new finding. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=131 | ||
| 3788 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M. | 2008 | Meeting Report -- Energy Concepts for the 21st Century | Curr. Sci., Vol = 94, Num = 7, Page = 842 | Meeting Report -- Energy Concepts for the 21st Century | Review | A one-day discussion meeting on the emerging new energy concepts for the 21st century was held at the National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), Bangalore. B. V. Sreekantan and S. Ranganathan (NIAS) and M. Srinivasan (formerly of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai) served as co-conveners for this meeting. There were about 40 participants at the meeting, majority of whom had a scientific background. Two of the participants represented an Indian venture capitalist firm. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasanmeetingrep.pdf | ||||||
| 3789 | Book Section | Srinivasan, M. | 2009 | Wide-Ranging Studies on the Emission of Neutrons and Tritium by LENR Configurations: An Historical Review of the Early BARC Results | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Wide-Ranging Studies on the Emission of Neutrons and Tritium by LENR Configurations: An Historical Review of the Early BARC Results | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch003 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch003 | ||||||
| 3790 | Conference Proceedings | Srinivasan, M. | 2009 | Hot Spots, Chain Events and Micronuclear Explosions (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Hot Spots, Chain Events and Micronuclear Explosions (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Speculations on Characteristics of NAE * Two decades into the CF/LENR/CMNSera, the mechanism behind these reactions still eludes us! * General agreement that phenomenon occurs on surface, in 'special' regions -NAEs by Storms. * One could speculate that spatial extant of the NAE could possibly be a single nano particle or a grain. * Reasonable to expect that all NAEs wont be created simultaneously all over cathode surface. * Similarly, once formed, NAEs cant be expected to continue catalyzing reactions for 'ever & ever'. * The NAEs must have a finite 'active' lifetime ! * Could this be ns, microseconds, seconds, hours, days? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasanhotspotsch.pdf | ||||
| 3791 | Conference Proceedings | Srinivasan, M. | 2009 | Hot Spots, Chain Events and Micro-nuclear Explosions | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Hot Spots, Chain Events and Micro-nuclear Explosions | In 1990 the BARC group presented results at several fora, based on our neutron multiplicity studies as well as tritium measurements, that suggested micro-nuclear explosions seem to occur at localized hot spots in which both Tritium and neutrons are generated, subject to the n/T branching ratio anomaly. It was estimated that about 108 to 1010 tritium generating lenr reactions take place in these hot spots accompanied by a very small fraction of neutrons. During the last few years several researchers have reported detecting a variety of transmutation reaction products in localized sites, often associated with some type of crater formation. Other experimenters have reported online detection of flashes of ?hermal hot spots? in their cathodes. It is therefore tempting to speculate that perhaps the concept of micro-nuclear explosions can be extended to heat generating helium producing reactions too, as well as nuclear reactions responsible for transmutation products. Many theoretical models such as those that depend on the catalyzing role of some exotic intermediate agent (such as Bose-Einstein condensates, deuteron clusters, Erzions, poly neutrons, trapped neutrons etc) seem to point to the possibility of occurrence of chain events. Two decades into the CMNS era, it is therefore worthwhile reexamining the merits of the micro-nuclear explosion hypothesis and seek independent experimental evidence to either corroborate or refute such a hypothesis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=57 | |||||
| 3792 | Edited Book | Srinivasan, M., Krishnan, L. V. | 2011 | ICCF16, 16th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Abstracts | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ISCMNS | ICCF16, 16th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Abstracts | Book of Abstracts for ICCF-16 conference, 16th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, February 6 - 11, 2011, Chennai, India | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasaniccfthinte.pdf | ||||||
| 3793 | Book Section | Srinivasan, M., Miley, G. H., Storms, E. | 2011 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions: Transmutations | Nuclear Energy Encyclopedia: Science, Technology and Applications | Wiley | Low Energy Nuclear Reactions: Transmutations | transmutation | Preprint of review article distributed to participants of ICCF 16 Conference held in Chennai during Feb 2011 This article describes different aspects of the phenomenon called 'Low Energy Nuclear Reactions' (LENR) which investigate the occurrence of various types of nuclear reactions in certain 'host' metals such as Palladium, Titanium, Nickel, etc.? when they are 'loaded' or 'charged' with deuterium (or hydrogen) to form the corresponding metallic deuterides (or hydrides). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasanlowenergyn.pdf | |||||
| 3794 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M. | 2011 | Neutron Emission in Bursts and Hot Spots: Signature of Micro-Nuclear Explosions? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Neutron Emission in Bursts and Hot Spots: Signature of Micro-Nuclear Explosions? | Hot spots, Micro-nuclear explosion, Neutron bursts, Statistics, Tritium | Within a few months of the Fleischmann Pons announcement of 1989 several independent groups at BARC had confirmed the production of neutrons and tritium in a variety of electrolytic cells. Among the many findings of the BARC groups were the first hint of the neutron to tritium branching ratio anomaly, namely that tritium production is several orders of magnitude higher than that of neutrons, that neutrons and tritium are probably being emitted simultaneously and that at least in the case of titanium targets, the generated tritium is found to be entrenched in highly localized ?ot spots?. But the most intriguing observation of all was that neutrons appeared to be emitted in sharp bursts of up to 10^3 neutrons per event. An integrated view of all these findings taken together led to the speculation that perhaps up to 10^10-10^12 tritons each were being generated in the form of micro-nuclear explosions, with neutron emission being only a minor side reaction in the process. Whatever the nature of the phenomenon, it seemed to be occurring in a highly localized fashion, both in space and time. Since those early days however the aspect of spatially localized occurrence of nuclear reactions has gained further acceptance through the concept of ?uclear Active Environment?. The observation of thermal hot spots, micro-craters and isolated regions wherein transmutation products are concentrated on the cathode surface has reinforced the suspicion that the phenomenon is spatially localized. But how reliable is the evidence for localization in time? This review revisits our early neutron multiplicity measurements since it appears that confirmation of multiple neutron production is possibly the only handle we have to establish the temporal localization feature and thereby give some insight into the possible occurrence of micro-nuclear explosions which in turn would have a tremendous bearing on the nature of the theoretical mechanism governing these LENR reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=169 | ||||||
| 3795 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M. | 2014 | Transmutations and Isotopic shifts in LENR Experiments: An Overview | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 495-504 Transmutations and Isotopic shifts in LENR Experiments: An Overview | Isotopic anomalies, Multi-deuteron capture, Transmutation reactions | This overview presents a brief summary of observations of products of transmutation reactions which occur in a variety of LENR configurations wherein the 'host metal' nuclei react with loaded deuterium or hydrogen, resulting in the formation of new stable elements or isotopes not present prior to an experimental run. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srinivasantransmutat.pdf | ||||||
| 3796 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M. | 2015 | Revisiting the Early BARC Tritium Results | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 137 Revisiting the Early BARC Tritium Results | Autoradiography, BARC Studies, Deuterium gas loading, Electrolysis experiments, Ni?? experiments, Plasma focus, Tritium measurements | Within days of the F&P announcement of 1989, several groups at BARCembarked on a program to look for the generation of neutrons and tritium when deuterium (or hydrogen) is loaded into metals such as Pd, Ti and Ni. Electrolytic, gas and plasma loading techniques were deployed. Post run electrolyte samples were analyzed for tritium content using standard liquid scintillation techniques. In the case of gas and plasma loaded ??ry? samples, surface tritium content was measured directly using windowless beta counters. Autoradiography was deployed as a very effective tool to monitor the spatial distribution of tritium in the near surface layers of test samples. The first confirmation of copious tritium generation was obtained on 21 April 1989 in a commercial ?ilton Roy? Pd?2O electrolytic cell. The results obtained during the first year of the BARC Cold Fusion campaign were presented at ICCF 1 in March 1990 where we reported observing tritium generation in 22 different electrolytic cells, which were set up totally independently by diverse research groups. The present paper revisits the early BARCtritium results obtained in a variety of experimental configurations during the period 1989?1996. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=144 | ||||||
| 3797 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M., Meulenberg, A. | 2015 | Preface | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 491 Preface | introduction, history electrically put into the electrolytic cell. . . . | http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/108/04/0491.pdf | |||||||
| 3798 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M. | 2015 | Observation of neutrons and tritium in the early BARC cold fusion experiments | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 619 Observation of neutrons and tritium in the early BARC cold fusion experiments | |||||||||
| 3799 | Journal Article | Srinivasan, M. | 2015 | Introduction to isotopic shifts and transmutations observed in LENR experiments | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 624 Introduction to isotopic shifts and transmutations observed in LENR experiments | |||||||||
| 3800 | Conference Proceedings | Srivastava, O. N., Babu, K. S. C., Lalla, N. P., Tiwari, R. S. | 1990 | On the Formation of Palladium Deuteride and its Relationship to Suspected Cold Fusion | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf. | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | On the Formation of Palladium Deuteride and its Relationship to Suspected Cold Fusion | theory | |||||
| 3801 | Book Section | Srivastava, Y. N., Widom, A., Larsen, L. | 2009 | A Primer for Electro-Weak Induced Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series A Primer for Electro-Weak Induced Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | In a series of papers, cited in the main body of the paper below, detailed calculations have been presented which show that electromagnetic and weak interactions can induce low energy nuclear reactions to occur with observable rates for a variety of processes. A common element in all these applications is that the electromagnetic energy stored in many relatively slow-moving electrons can, under appropriate circumstances, be collectively transferred into fewer, much faster electrons with energies sufficient for the latter to combine with protons (or deuterons, if present) to produce neutrons through weak interactions. The produced neutrons can then initiate low energy nuclear reactions through further nuclear transmutations. The aim of this paper is to extend and enlarge on various examples analyzed previously, present simplified order-of-magnitude estimates for each and illuminate a common unifying theme among them. PACS numbers: 12.15.Ji, 23.20.Nx, 23.40.Bw, 24.10.Jv, 25.30.-c | 0-8412-2454-4 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Srivastavaaprimerfor.pdf | |||||
| 3802 | Journal Article | Stacey Jr., W. M. | 1989 | Reactor prospects of muon-catalyzed fusion of deuterium and tritium concentrated in transition metals | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Reactor prospects of muon-catalyzed fusion of deuterium and tritium concentrated in transition metals | theory, muon | ||||||||
| 3803 | Journal Article | Stachurski, J., Frackiewicz, A. | 1985 | A New Phase in the Pd-C System Formed During the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Acetylene | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 108 | A New Phase in the Pd-C System Formed During the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Acetylene | PdC, Lattice Parameter, Pd, H2, structure | ||||||||
| 3804 | Conference Proceedings | Staker, M. R. | 2018 | PREPRINT Coupled Calorimetry and Resistivity Measurements, in Conjunction with an Emended and More Complete Phase Diagram of the Palladium - Isotopic Hydrogen System | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | PREPRINT Coupled Calorimetry and Resistivity Measurements, in Conjunction with an Emended and More Complete Phase Diagram of the Palladium - Isotopic Hydrogen System | Calorimetry, resistivity, superabundant vacancy structures, nuclear energy, Palladium - Isotopic Hydrogen phase diagram, electrolysis | Results of a calorimetric study established the energy produced, over and above input energy, from electrolytic loading of deuterium into Pd was 150 MJ/cc of Pd (14000 eV/Pd atom) for a 46 day period. High fugacity of deuterium was developed in unalloyed palladium via electrolysis (0.5 molar electrolyte of lithium deuteroxide, LiOD) with the use of an independent electromigration current. In situ resistivity measurements of Pd were used to assay activity of D in the Pd lattice (ratio of D/Pd) and employed as an indicator of phase changes. During this period, two run-away events were triggered by suddenly increasing current density resulting in 100 percent excess power (2.4 watts output with 1.2 watts input) and necessitating temporary cut back in electrolysis current. The average excess power (excluding run-away) ranged from 4.7 ? 0.15 to 9.6 ? 0.30 percent of input power while input power ranged from 2.000 to 3.450 watts, confirming the Fleischmann-Pons effect. The precision was: Power In = +/- .0005 W; Delta T = +/- .05?; Power Out = +/- .015 W for an overall precision of +/- 0.5%. High fugacity was required for these results, and the triggered run-away events required even higher fugacity. Using thermodynamic energy balance, it was found that the energy release was of such magnitude that the source of the energy is from a nuclear source, however the exact reaction was not determined in this work. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StakerMRpreprintco.pdf | |||||
| 3805 | Journal Article | Staker, M. R. | 2019 | Coupled Calorimetry and Resistivity Measurements, in Conjunction with an Emended and More Complete Phase Diagram of the Palladium-Isotopic Hydrogen System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Coupled Calorimetry and Resistivity Measurements, in Conjunction with an Emended and More Complete Phase Diagram of the Palladium-Isotopic Hydrogen System | Calorimetry, Electrolysis, Nuclear energy, Palladium?sotopic hydrogen phase diagram, Resistivity, Superabundant vacancy structures | Results of a calorimetric study established the energy produced, over and above input energy, from electrolytic loading of deuterium into Pd was 150 MJ/cm3 of Pd (14 000 eV/Pd atom) for a 46 day period. High fugacity of deuterium was developed in unalloyed palladium via electrolysis (0.5 mol electrolyte of lithium deuteroxide, LiOD) with the use of an independent electromigration current. In situ resistivity measurements of Pd were used to assay activity of D in the Pd lattice (ratio of D/Pd) and employed as an indicator of phase changes. During this period, two run-away events were triggered by suddenly increasing current density resulting in 100% excess power (2.4 W output with 1.2 W input) and necessitating temporary cut back in electrolysis current. The average excess power (excluding run-away) ranged from 4.7 +/- 0.15 to 9.6 +/- 0.30% of input power while input power ranged from 2.000 to 3.450 W, confirming the Fleischmann?ons effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=138 | ||||||
| 3806 | Journal Article | Staker, M. R. | 2020 | A model and simulation of lattice vibrations in a superabundant vacancy phase of palladium?euterium | Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng., Vol = 28 | A model and simulation of lattice vibrations in a superabundant vacancy phase of palladium?euterium | superabundant vacancy structures, palladium?sotopic hydrogen phases, delta and delta prime phases, lattice vibrations, resonance frequency, phonons | A one dimensional Bravais lattice model is applied to a superabundant vacancy (SAV) delta . . . phase (Pd3VacD4?octahedral), in the palladium?euterium system. SolidWorks is used to simulate the motion of atoms and ions in the lattice. These two approaches give identical results for the vibrations of the deuterons indicating that large vibrations of deuterons are possible when the microstructure is a mixture of beta deuteride and small volume percent delta SAV phase. These conditions result from the unique geometry and crystallography of d phase. According to both the model and simulation, as the size of delta phase increases, opportunity for high amplitude vibrations of deuterons increases. Increasing temperature should have a similar effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StakerMRamodelands.pdf | ||||||
| 3807 | Journal Article | Staker, M. R. | 2020 | Estimating volume fractions of superabundant vacancy phases and their potential roles in low energy nuclear reactions and high conductivity in the palladium ? isotopic hydrogen system | Materials Science & Engineering B, Vol = 295 | Estimating volume fractions of superabundant vacancy phases and their potential roles in low energy nuclear reactions and high conductivity in the palladium ? isotopic hydrogen system | Superabundant vacancy structures High conductivity Nuclear active environment (NAE) Palladium ? Isotopic hydrogen phases Delta and delta prime phases Low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) | The addition of three superabundant vacancy (SAV) phases, gamma (Pd7VacD6?8), delta (Pd3VacD4 ? octahedral), and delta' (Pd3VacD4 ? tetrahedral) to the palladium ? isotopic hydrogen phase diagram was recently reported [1]. Also, in that study, production of excess heat from a nuclear source during electrolysis in heavy water indicated portions of the palladium (Pd) ? deuterium (D) specimen were in the ordered delta phase, while a drop in resistance of the Pd during excess heat, with an increase in temperature, indicated portions of the specimen had shifted to the ordered delta' phase. Both delta and delta', create intersecting channels along the edges of the unit cells which are in effect long strings of Pd lattice vacancies for fast electron transport or a deuteron resonance condition. At high D/Pd ratio, the Pd-D alloy can be multiphase. An estimate of the volume fraction (fv) of d phase is made from the amount of nuclear energy measured. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StakerMRestimating.pdf | ||||||
| 3808 | Journal Article | Steinert, C. | 1990 | Laser-induced 'semicold' fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Laser-induced 'semicold' fusion | laser, method, PdD | ||||||||
| 3809 | Conference Proceedings | Stella, B., Alessio, M., Carradi, M., Croce, F., Ferrarotto, F., Improta, S., Iucci, N., Milone, V., Villoresi, G., Celani, F., Spallone, A. | 1992 | The FERMI Apparatus and a Measurement of Tritium Production in an Electrolytic Experiment | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 503 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The FERMI Apparatus and a Measurement of Tritium Production in an Electrolytic Experiment | tritium, Pd, D2O, neutron, electrolysis, expansion, ICCF-3 | FERMI is a 7 BF3, 2 3He apparatus with high detection efficiency for moderated neutrons, pulse shape acquisition and good sensitivity to neutron bursts; it also performs a good statistical reconstruction of the average neutron energy. Gamma rays are detected by a complementary low background NaI detector. The total neutron background measured by the apparatus in the Gran Sasso INFN underground laboratory amounts to 0.09 Hz. A few different experiments have been performed with the same detector (see also the following contribution). A D2O-LiOD electrolysis with Pd cathode have been realized with emphasis on the cleanliness of all components. D2 and O2 produce gases were recombined using a room temperature catalyzer and the resulting water was monitored twice a day for tritium content; the same was done for samples of the electrolytic solution. Loading the Pd with variable currents, and a long patient of 130 μm (with much larger radial broadening) was observed in the first few days accompanied by a 60 - 100% tritium excess detected in the recombined water. The measured neutron rate in the same period was consistent with the background. Found tritium excess after electrolysis of annealed Pd. No neutrons were detected. Elongation shows that production occurred while Pd was in b-phase. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=241 | ||
| 3810 | Conference Proceedings | Stella, B., Corradi, M., Ferrarotto, F., Milone, V., Celani, F., Spallone, A. | 1992 | Evidence for Stimulated Emission of Neutrons in Deuterated Palladium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 437 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Evidence for Stimulated Emission of Neutrons in Deuterated Palladium | PdD, D, neutron, irradiation, Pd, ICCF-3 | In order to study the effect of palladium in cold fusion, metallic deuterated Pd samples have been irradiated with partly moderated Am/Be neutrons and the resulting neutron intensity has been measured by the Fermi apparatus, an efficient and sophisticated detector for motivated neutrons. Once subtracted from the vessel + (empty) Pd effect measured in ?lank? runs, and excess of 13.0 ? 0.6 neutrons per second (~4% of the total measured rate close percent has been detected. Assuming 2.45 MeV energy for the electrons emitted by the radiated sample, the resulting rate corresponds to several outgoing neutrons for every neutron impinging on the Pd-D sample. Similar measurements with cadmium absorber gave lower effects. We don? observe any effect with gaseous deuterium. The underlying process can be interpreted as d-d fusion in a Pd-D lattice perturbed by neutrons. The excess, predominantly due to thermal incident neutrons, demonstrates that the palladium lattice strongly increases the probability for d-d fusion even almost at rest. Pd loaded with D was irradiated with neutrons. Almost twice as many neutrons were emitted by the sample than were impinging upon it. No effect was found using D2. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=176 | ||
| 3811 | Journal Article | Stella, B., Celani, F., Corradi, M., Ferrarotto, F., Iucci, N., Milone, V., Spallone, A., Villoresi, G. | 1995 | A high efficiency, low background neutron and gamma detector for cold fusion experiments | Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, Vol = 355 | A high efficiency, low background neutron and gamma detector for cold fusion experiments | neutron, method | ||||||||
| 3812 | Journal Article | Stevenson, C. D., Davis, J. P. | 2019 | Transmutations Involving the Di-neutron in Condensed Matter | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Transmutations Involving the Di-neutron in Condensed Matter | Chaos, Di-neutron, Electron Capture, 3H, 4mH, Palladium-128, Transmutation | It has been recently revealed how a lattice bound proton, in an electrochemical cathode, can absorb a relativistic electron yielding a neutron. There is no longer much doubt that the analogous electron capture by a deuteron, in condensed matter, . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=521 | ||||||
| 3813 | Newspaper Article | Stiff, D. | 1989 | Theories on Cold Fusion Abound | The Wall Street Journal | New YorkEditor | Theories on Cold Fusion Abound | history, newspaper | |||||||
| 3814 | Journal Article | Stilwell, D. E., Park, K. H., Miles, M. | 1990 | Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies on the Electrolysis of Water and Heavy Water (D2O) | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 333 | Electrochemical Calorimetric Studies on the Electrolysis of Water and Heavy Water (D2O) | D2O, Pd, heat-, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3815 | Conference Proceedings | Stoljarov, P., Urutskoev, L., Lehn, H. | 2004 | Interaction Of Magnetic Monopoles On Polar Molecules | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Interaction Of Magnetic Monopoles On Polar Molecules | theory | |||||||
| 3816 | Journal Article | Stoppini, G. | 1991 | Coulomb screening in superconducting PdH | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. A, Vol = 13D | Coulomb screening in superconducting PdH | theory, superconductivity | ||||||||
| 3817 | Journal Article | Stoppini, G. | 1998 | Nuclear processes in hydrogen-loaded metals | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Nuclear processes in hydrogen-loaded metals | Theory, neutron, transmutation | ||||||||
| 3818 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E., Talcott, C. L. | 1990 | A Study of Electrolytic Tritium Production | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | A Study of Electrolytic Tritium Production | tritium, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-1 | Tritium production is being investigated using cathodes made from palladium and its alloys (with Li, C, S, B, and Be) to which are applied various surface treatments. Three anode materials (Pt, Ni and stainless steel), and various impurities in the electrolyte have also been used. Tritium has been produced in about 10% of the cells studied, but there is, as yet, no pattern of behavior that would make the effect predictable. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEastudyofel.pdf | ||
| 3819 | Journal Article | Storms, E., Talcott, C. L. | 1990 | Electrolytic tritium production | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Electrolytic tritium production | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium | Fifty-three electrolytic cells of various configurations and electrode compositions were examined for tritium production. Significant tritium was found in eleven cells at levels between 1.5 and 80 times the starting concentration after enrichment corrections are made. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEelectrolyt.pdf | ||||||
| 3820 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1991 | Review of experimental observations about the cold fusion effect | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Review of experimental observations about the cold fusion effect | review | The experimental literature describing the cold fusion phenomenon is reviewed. The number and variety of careful experimental measurements of heat, tritium, neutron, and helium production strongly support the occurrence of nuclear reactions in a metal lattice near room temperature as proposed by Pons and Fleischmann and independently by Jones. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEreviewofex.pdf | ||||||
| 3821 | Journal Article | Storms, E., Talcott-Storms, C. | 1991 | The effect of hydriding on the physical structure of palladium and on the release of contained tritium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | The effect of hydriding on the physical structure of palladium and on the release of contained tritium | Pd, loading, tritium, electrolysis, Pd | The behavior of tritium released from a contaminated, palladium cathode has been determined and compared to the pattern found in cells claimed to produce tritium by a cold fusion reaction. Void space is produced in palladium when it is subjected to hydrogen adsorption and desorption cycles. This void space can produce channels through which hydrogen can be lost from the cathode, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration. This effect is influenced, in part, by impurities, the shape of the electrode, the charging rate, the achieved concentration of hydrogen and the length of time the maximum concentration is present. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEtheeffecto.pdf | ||||||
| 3822 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1992 | Measurement of Excess Heat from a Pons-Fleischmann Type Electrolytic Cell | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 21 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Measurement of Excess Heat from a Pons-Fleischmann Type Electrolytic Cell | Pd D2O heat electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Two samples of Pd were obtained from Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K. K. (Japan). One sample gave 20% excess heat before the run was prematurely terminated and the other sample gave no excess heat. The sample giving excess energy contained only 0.8% excess volume while the nonproductive sample had 13.5 % excess volume. The calorimeter is dosed in an energy sense, pressured with D2, and stirred. Calibration was done before, during and after heat measurement. Four different calibration procedures were used including a blank using a platinum cathode. Temperature gradients were monitored and found to change when excess heat was produced. This change strongly suggests that normal electrolysis releases energy mainly at the anode while excess heat is released mainly at the cathode. The bulk D/Pd ratio was measured during initial charging and was found to reach 0.82. Voltage difference between cathode and reference electrode was measured and indicates that the deuterium concentration gradient is small during initial charging at 0.02A/cm^2. Excess volume in each palladium cathode was measured after each study. Heat production is proposed to be prevented if excess volume is too large. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=32 | ||
| 3823 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1993 | The Status of 'Cold Fusion' | 28th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference | Atlanta, GA | Aug. 8-13, 1993 | The Status of 'Cold Fusion' | review | ||||||
| 3824 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1993 | Some Characteristics of Heat Production Using the 'Cold Fusion' Effect | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 4 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Some Characteristics of Heat Production Using the 'Cold Fusion' Effect | heat+, Pd, D2O, temperature, Current Density, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | Additional evidence is presented to show that heat production resulting from the Pons-Fleischmann Effect has a positive temperature coefficient, has a critical onset current density, and originates at the palladium cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEsomecharac.pdf | |||
| 3825 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1993 | Measurements of excess heat from a Pons-Fleischmann-type electrolytic cell using palladium sheet | Fusion Technol., Vol = 23 | Measurements of excess heat from a Pons-Fleischmann-type electrolytic cell using palladium sheet | heat+, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, excess volume, crack | Two pieces of palladium sheet similar to that used by Takahashi were loaded with deuterium in a Pons-Fleischmann-type electrolytic cell, and heat production was measured. One sheet produced a steady increase in excess power that reached 7.5 W (20% of input power) before the study was interrupted. A second similar sheet from a different batch of palladium did not produce any measurable excess power. There were differences in the loading behavior, the maximum stoichiometry, and the presence of excess volume in the deuteride made from these materials. The first sheet contained 0.8% excess volume after having been deloaded from its maximum deuterium/palladium (D/Pd) ratio of 0.82 to 0.73, and the second sheet contained 13.5% excess volume while at its maximum ratio of 0.75. The high excess volume in the latter case is an indication of internal escape paths that reduce the required high D/Pd ratio. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEmeasuremena.pdf | ||||||
| 3826 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1994 | Methods Required for the Production of Excess Energy Using the Electrolysis of Palladium in D2O-Based Electrolyte | International Symposium, Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Methods Required for the Production of Excess Energy Using the Electrolysis of Palladium in D2O-Based Electrolyte | heat+, Pd, D2O, method | ||||||
| 3827 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1994 | Chemically-Assisted Nuclear Reactions | Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 42 | Chemically-Assisted Nuclear Reactions | review | ||||||||
| 3828 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1994 | Some Characteristics of Heat Production Using the 'Cold Fusion' Effect | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 96 | Some Characteristics of Heat Production Using the 'Cold Fusion' Effect | heat+ Pd, D2O, temperature, Current Density electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3829 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1995 | The Nature of the Energy-Active State in Pd-D | II Workshop on the Loading of Hydrogen/Deuterium in Metals | Asti, Italy | The Nature of the Energy-Active State in Pd-D | Loading | Evidence is presented to show that the energy-active state is located within the surface of electrolyzed palladium.? Although a high average D/Pd ratio is required to form this state, this is not the only condition. Several additional conditions must exist to cause a very high surface composition to form and to cause a conversion of the resulting material from beta-PdD to another phase.? The required high surface composition depends only in part on a high average composition.? Absence of microcracks in the surface region, presence of surface and near surface impurities, and external energy application influence the eventual nucleation and growth of the required phase. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEthenatureo.pdf | |||||
| 3830 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1995 | Cold Fusion: From reasons to doubt to reasons to believe | Infinite Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 23 | Cold Fusion: From reasons to doubt to reasons to believe | review | ||||||||
| 3831 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1995 | Status of 'Cold Fusion' | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 1 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Status of 'Cold Fusion' | review | A selection of experimental evidence supporting the 'cold fusion' effect is evaluated. In addition, an effort is made to show why these observations can be considered real and correct. The total evidence set strongly demonstrates a new phenomenon worthy of potential technological development. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=13 | ||
| 3832 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1995 | Cold fusion, a challenge to modern science | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 9 | Cold fusion, a challenge to modern science | review | ||||||||
| 3833 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1996 | Some Thoughts on the Nature of the Nuclear-Active Regions in Palladium | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 105 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Some Thoughts on the Nature of the Nuclear-Active Regions in Palladium | Pd, loading, heat, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-6 | A large collection of palladium samples, supplied by IMRA Materials (Japan), were studied to determine the relationship between energy production and various properties including the amount of excess volume, the open-circuit-voltage, and the maximum D/Pd ratio. The following conclusions result from the work: 1. Palladium, no matter how well prepared, is very inhomogeneous with respect to the properties relevant to cold fusion. Therefore, most general conclusions can not be based on the behavior of one or a few samples. 2. The bulk properties do not represent the properties of the nuclear-active-regions. Theoreticians need to take special note of this observation. 3. Energy active palladium will continue to produce excess energy even after being subjected to acid treatment or physical removal of the surface. Therefore, 'good' palladium is difficult to ruin. 4. A pretest method has been developed to identify 'good' palladium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEsomethough.pdf | ||
| 3834 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1996 | A Study of Those Properties of Palladium That Influence Excess Energy Production by the 'Pons-Fleischmann' Effect | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 8, Page = 50 | A Study of Those Properties of Palladium That Influence Excess Energy Production by the 'Pons-Fleischmann' Effect | Pd, heat+, D2O, method, excess volume, OCV, electrolysis | A large collection of palladium plates having different treatments were examined to determine the composition limit produced after electrolysis in LiOD-D2O electrolyte, the amount of excess volume produced by the contained deuterium, the open circuit voltage generated by the material referenced to a platinum electrode, and the deloading rate in air. The influence of these properties on the ability to produce excess power from the 'Pons-Fleischmann' effect was explored. The palladium was found to be very nonuniform with respect to the measured properties. Excess power production was associated with a minimum amount of excess volume and an open circuit voltage above 1.0 V. Samples capable of producing excess energy can be reactivated even after deloading or removal of the surface. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEastudyofth.pdf | ||||||
| 3835 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1996 | A Review of the Cold Fusion Effect | J. Sci. Expl., Vol = 10, Num = 2, Page = 185 | A Review of the Cold Fusion Effect | review | ||||||||
| 3836 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1996 | How to produce the Pons-Fleischmann effect | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | How to produce the Pons-Fleischmann effect | method, heat, Fleischmann | Conditions required for producing excess energy in PdD created in an electrolytic cell are described and reasons for their importance are discussed. This difficult to accept effect can now be produced with a high probability for success using the described procedures. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEhowtoprodu.pdf | ||||||
| 3837 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1998 | Relationship Between Open-Circuit-Voltage and Heat Production in a Pons-Fleischmann Cell | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 356 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Relationship Between Open-Circuit-Voltage and Heat Production in a Pons-Fleischmann Cell | Pd, heat+, D2O, electrolysis, loading, overvoltage, surface composition, D/Pd, ICCF-7 | INTRODUCTION Lack of reproducibility is still the major reason CANR is not generally accepted and has not advanced into commercial use. The ability to reproduce any phenomenon depends on knowing the major variables and conditions required for the events to operate. In the case of cold fusion, even fundamental factors such as the D/Pd ratio and the crystal structure of the nuclear-active regions are not known. It is the intent of this paper to demonstrate several techniques for obtaining such information and the results obtained from their application to the Pons-Fleischmann Effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsErelationsh.pdf | ||
| 3838 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1998 | Cold Fusion Revisited | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 21, Page = 16 | Cold Fusion Revisited | review | ||||||||
| 3839 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1998 | Cold Fusion Revisited (translation into Chinese) | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 21, Page = 16 | Cold Fusion Revisited (translation into Chinese) | review | Translated by W.-S. Zhang. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEcoldfusionc.pdf | ||||||
| 3840 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1998 | Formation of b-PdD Containing High Deuterium Concentration Using Electrolysis of Heavy-Water | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 268 | Formation of b-PdD Containing High Deuterium Concentration Using Electrolysis of Heavy-Water | Pd D2O PdD electrolysis loading OCV structure | The limiting composition of beta-PdD obtained during electrolytic loading results from a complex competition between diffusion of D atoms through any surface barrier, diffusion within the bulk sample, and loss of deuterium gas from surface-penetrating cracks. Reductions in surface crack concentration and surface-barriers are essential steps to achieve high compositions. The highest compositions within any sample are located within the surface region as a complex patch-work of values. The open circuit voltage (OCV), referenced to platinum, is useful in understanding changes in the surface composition and structure. Values as high as -1.35 V have been observed for highly loaded beta-PdD. Evidence for several new, possibly impurity stabilized structures is given. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEformationo.pdf | ||||||
| 3841 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1999 | Anomalous Heat Generated by Electrolysis Using a Palladium Cathode and Heavy Water | American Physical Society Meeting | Atlanta, GA | March 26, 1999 | Anomalous Heat Generated by Electrolysis Using a Palladium Cathode and Heavy Water | Pd, D2O heat, electrolysis | Samples of palladium sheet supplied by IMRA Japan were tested for anomalous energy production using electrolysis in heavy water and a sensitive calorimeter. Several samples were found to produce significant power above that being applied to produce electrolysis. This behavior was found to correlate with certain properties of the palladium metal. In addition, the anomalous heat was shown to originate at the cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanomaloush.pdf | ||||
| 3842 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 1999 | A New Method for Initiating Nuclear Reactions | First International Conference on Future Energy | Unpublished | Washington, DC | A New Method for Initiating Nuclear Reactions | review, heat, cavitation, sonotfusion, plasma discharge, fractofusion, biology | Energy from present sources has proven to have serious limitations. Fortunately for the future of mankind, several new but controversial sources of energy have been discovered. This talk will describe a method to initiate nuclear reactions within solid materials, so-called Chemically Assisted Nuclear Reactions (CANR) when the environment is the focus or Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) if the process is to be emphasized. Proposed is a new field of study which combines the electron environment (chemistry) with the nuclear environment (nuclear physics), two environments which are thought not to interact. The method generates energy without producing serious amounts of radiation or radioactive waste. In addition, the method is suggested as a means to reduce the radioactivity associated with previously generated nuclear waste. A wide range of experience obtained world-wide over the last ten years will be described and the controversial nature of the method will be discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanewmethod.pdf | ||||
| 3843 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 1999 | My life with cold fusion as a reluctant mistress | Infinite Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 24, Page = 42 | My life with cold fusion as a reluctant mistress | heat+, tritium, method, history, D/Pd, OCV | Over 9 years have passed since many of us were lured into believing that the Pons-Fleischmann effect would solve the world's energy problems and make us all rich. Things have not yet worked out as we had hoped. Each of us have followed a different path through the labyrinth of this expectation. I would like to share with you my particular path and show you how I came to believe that problems of reproducibility are caused solely by the properties of the materials in which the nuclear reactions are proposed to occur. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEmylifewith.pdf | ||||||
| 3844 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2000 | Excess Power Production from Platinum Cathodes Using the Pons-Fleischmann Effect | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 55 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Excess Power Production from Platinum Cathodes Using the Pons-Fleischmann Effect | Pt, D2O, electrolysis, heat+, ICCF-8 | Excess power was produced using a platinum cathode. Efforts to produce active cathodes by plating palladium onto various metals were largely unsuccessful. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEexcesspowe.pdf | ||
| 3845 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2000 | The present status of chemically-assisted nuclear reactions | Infinite Energy, Vol = 5, Num = 29, Page = 26 | The present status of chemically-assisted nuclear reactions | review | ||||||||
| 3846 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2000 | A critical evaluation of the Pons-Fleischmann effect: Part 1 | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 31, Page = 10 | A critical evaluation of the Pons-Fleischmann effect: Part 1 | review | NOTE: This file contains both Parts 1 and 2. Abstract: Many new studies are available to make an objective evaluation of the Pons-Fleischmann effect possible. The phenomenon is conventionally known as 'cold fusion,' or chemically assisted nuclear reactions (CANR)' when the environment is emphasized, or 'low-energy nuclear-reactions (LENR)' if emphasis is placed on the process. A wide range of observations involving anomalous production of energy as well as nuclear products have been published. While many of the claims are still open to interpretation, the general conclusion is that an important, novel phenomenon has been discovered which deserves renewed interest. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEacriticale.pdf | ||||||
| 3847 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2000 | A critical evaluation of the Pons-Fleischmann effect: Part 2 | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 32, Page = 52 | A critical evaluation of the Pons-Fleischmann effect: Part 2 | review | ||||||||
| 3848 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2000 | Description of a dual calorimeter | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 34, Page = 22 | Description of a dual calorimeter | heat, method | A dual calorimeter is described which can be used to study electrolytic processes. Experience with this instrument has revealed several deficiencies inherent in the isoperibolic calorimeter design that apply to all calorimeters of this type when used to study the cold fusion effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEdescriptio.pdf | ||||||
| 3849 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2001 | Cold Fusion: An Objective Assessment | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 34, Page = 22 | 2001 Cold Fusion: An Objective Assessment | review effect of H2O | Many people still believe that cold fusion is the result of bad science. In contrast, numerous laboratories in at least 10 countries have now claimed production of anomalous energy using a variety of methods, many of which are now reproducible. This energy is proposed to result from nuclear reactions initiated within a special periodic array of atoms at modest temperatures (energy). Evidence for nuclear reactions involving fusion of deuterium, transmutation involving both light and heavy hydrogen, and nuclear interaction between heavy nuclei has been published. The claims, if true, reveal a new method to release nuclear energy without harmful radiation and without the radioactivity associated with conventional methods. This paper examines published evidence describing this new phenomenon in order to test its reality and to extend an understanding of the process. | http://home.netcom.com/~storms2/index.html http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEcoldfusiond.pdf | ||||||
| 3850 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2001 | Ways to Initiate a Nuclear Reaction in Solid Environments | American Physical Society Meeting | Seattle, WA | Ways to Initiate a Nuclear Reaction in Solid Environments | heat+, Pd, CeO2, C, Pt, electrolysis, D2O? | A large data base now exists to support the claim for nuclear reactions, including fusion, being initiated in solid environments at modest temperatures. This phenomenon is called Chemically Assisted Nuclear Reactions (CANR) or Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) or 'cold fusion'. Detailed information supporting the claims can be obtained from the website (http://home.netcom.com/~storms2/index.html) as well as from any scientific data base. These claims provide the incentive for this study. In this work, methods to produce anomalous energy are studied using electrolytic loading in D2O of various materials (the Pons-Fleischmann method). Past work has concentrated on using palladium as the active material. This paper will demonstrate that energy-producing reactions can be made to occur in materials other than palladium. A unique method is proposed to explore many of the variables associated with the phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEwaystoinit.pdf | |||||
| 3851 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2002 | Ways to Initiate a Nuclear Reaction in Solid Environments | Infinite Energy, Vol = 8, Num = 45, Page = 45 | Ways to Initiate a Nuclear Reaction in Solid Environments | heat+, Pd, CeO2, C, Pt, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 3852 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2002 | The Nature of the Nuclear-Active-Environment Required for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Infinite Energy, Vol = 8, Num = 45, Page = 32 | The Nature of the Nuclear-Active-Environment Required for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | review | A collection of observations is used to characterize the nuclear-active environment required to initiate low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEthenatureoa.pdf | ||||||
| 3853 | Report | Storms, E. | 2003 | A Student's Guide to Cold Fusion | Infinite Energy, Vol = 8, Num = 45, Page = 32 | LENR-CANR.org | A Student's Guide to Cold Fusion | Review | Evidence supporting cold fusion (LENR) is summarized and requirements an explanation must take into account are justified. A plausible nuclear-active-environment is identified by ruling out various possibilities and by identifying an environment that is common to all methods used to produce LENR. When this environment is combined with a plausible mechanism, many testable predictions result. These insights and proposals are offered to help clarify understanding of LENR and to suggest future studies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEastudentsg.pdf | |||||
| 3854 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2003 | Why Cold Fusion Has Been So Hard to Explain and Duplicate | American Physical Society Winter Meeting | unpublished | Austin Convention Center, Austin, TX | Why Cold Fusion Has Been So Hard to Explain and Duplicate | heat, thin film, NAE, surface composition, theory | The nuclear active environment for the Pons-Fleischmann method is proposed to be in the complex surface layer that forms by electrodeposition, not in the bulk material.? This surface is not beta-PdD as many theories and explanation have assumed.? Therefore, most theories are unhelpful because they do not explain what happens in the real world. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEwhycoldfus.pdf | ||||
| 3855 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2003 | How to Make A Cheap and Effective Seebeck Calorimeter | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | How to Make A Cheap and Effective Seebeck Calorimeter | The Seebeck calorimeter is very effective in measuring heat generation over a wide range of power and with high sensitivity and stability.? Such a device can be constructed cheaply and easily, although with considerable investment of time.? A successful example is described. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEhowtomakea.pdf | ||||
| 3856 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2003 | Use Of A Very Sensitive Seebeck Calorimeter To Study The Pons-Fleischmann And Letts Effects | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Use Of A Very Sensitive Seebeck Calorimeter To Study The Pons-Fleischmann And Letts Effects | Excess heat, calorimeter, laser stimulation | Characteristics of a commercial Seebeck calorimeter are described. This very stable instrument is applied to a study of the Pons-Fleischmann effect using a palladium anode and a platinum cathode.? The use of a laser to stimulate anomalous heat production (the Letts effect) is also described.? Positive results were obtained for both effects and these reveal important aspects of the nuclear-active-environment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEuseofavery.pdf | |||
| 3857 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2003 | What Conditions Are Required To Initiate The Lenr Effect? | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | What Conditions Are Required To Initiate The Lenr Effect? | Review | Accumulating evidence indicates that previous understanding of the environment in which the Pons-Fleischmann??? effect occurs is wrong.? The environment is not highly loaded beta-PdD.? Instead, it is a complex alloy that may or may not contain palladium.? In addition, the size of the domains in which the nuclear reactions take place is critically important.? This new insight requires different explanations and experimental approaches than have been previously used. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEwhatcondit.pdf | |||
| 3858 | Report | Storms, E. | 2003 | Estudo da Fusao a Frio | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Estudo da Fusao a Frio | Review | The Student's Guide to Cold Fusion translated into Brazilian Portuguese. Pref?io Meu interesse em fus? a frio come?u pouco depois dos Professores Pons e Fleischmann anunciarem sua descoberta em 1989, ent? eu era mais um cientista trabalhando em pesquisa convencional costumeiro em LANL (Los Alamos Laborat?io Nacional). Das numerosas tentativas de duplicar os an??cios, eu fui afortunado em produzir trit?io assim como energia an?ala. N? h? nada como ver um fen?eno para fazer uma pessoa acreditar que ? real, sem ter em conta o que pessoas menos observadoras possam dizer. Tamb?, vendo muitos companheiros cientistas agindo tolamente e adquirindo uma educa?o adicional mas decepcionante. Desde que me aposentei de LANL h? doze anos continuei a investigar o assunto, escrever documentos, incluindo v?ias revis?s cient?icas, e pressionar para aceita?o do fen?eno. A grande cole?o de refer?cias, totalizando quase 3000, adquiridos neste esfor? transformou-se na BIBLIOTECA em http://www.LENR-CANR.org. Com a ajuda essencial de Britz Dieter e Rothwell Jed, esta cole?o ser? mantida at? data em que o campo cresce. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEestudodafu.pdf | |||||
| 3859 | Report | Storms, E. | 2003 | Estudio de la Fusion en Frio | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Estudio de la Fusion en Frio | Review | The Student's Guide to Cold Fusion translated into Spanish. Mi inter? en la fusi? en fr? comenz? poco despu? que los Profesores Pons y Fleischmann anunciaran su descubrimiento en 1989. Entonces, yo era un cient?ico m? trabajando en la investigaci? convencional acostumbrada en el LANL (Laboratorio Nacional Los ?amos). Entre los numerosos intentos por duplicar lo ya anunciado, he sido afortunado en producir triterio, as? como energ? an?ala. No hay nada como trabajar un fen?eno para hacer creer a una persona que es real, sin tener en cuenta lo que otras personas menos observadoras pudieran decir. Tambi? vemos actuar livianamente a muchos colegas cient?icos que adquirieron una educaci? adicional pero decepcionante. Desde mi jubilaci? en el LANL, hace 12 a?s, continu? investigando el tema y escrib? documentos, incluyendo varias revisiones cient?icas, presionando por la aceptaci? del fen?eno. La gran colecci? de referencias adquiridas en este esfuerzo, que totalizan casi 3.000, se transform? en la BIBLIOTECA disponible en http://www.LENR-CANR.org. Con la ayuda esencial de Britz Dieter y Rothwell Jed, esta colecci? ser? mantenida hasta la fecha en que crezca el campo. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEestudiodel.pdf | |||||
| 3860 | Report | Storms, E. | 2004 | Calorimetry 101 for Cold Fusion; Methods, Problems and Errors | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Calorimetry 101 for Cold Fusion; Methods, Problems and Errors | calorimeter, method | Application of calorimetry to cold fusion or LENR presents unique problems that have not been previously summarized.? This paper discusses various calorimetric methods that have been applied to the subject and evaluates each in light of what has been discovered about their limitations and errors based on experimental studies. Such information is essential to a study of the effect and to evaluate the results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEcalorimetr.pdf | |||||
| 3861 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2004 | Why I believe 'Cold Fusion' is Real | LENR-CANR.org | Why I believe 'Cold Fusion' is Real | critique | The process called Cold Fusion is said to produce clean energy from fusion of deuterium nuclei using very simple devices, at least compared to the 'hot' fusion method.? Many scientists have been outspoken in rejecting this claim based on their belief that the observations have not been replicated, are impossible, and cannot be explained.? The intent of this article is to provide a brief and easily understood description of why I believe this rejection is wrong. This brief paper emphasizes the Fleischmann-Pons effect and studies done in the U.S., because it was written for and submitted to the DoE Panel that is re-evaluating the claims for cold fusion. It was submitted to the Panel on August 23, 2004. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEwhyibeliev.pdf | ||||||
| 3862 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2004 | An Update of LENR for ICCF-11 | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | An Update of LENR for ICCF-11 | Review | |||||||
| 3863 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2005 | The US Government Once Again Evaluates Cold Fusion | 21st Century Sci. & Technol. | The US Government Once Again Evaluates Cold Fusion | Review | The US government has once again made an effort to evaluate the reality of the phenomenon call cold fusion.? The first effort was made in 1989 by the ERAB Panel (Energy Research Advisory Board) shortly after Profs. Fleischmann and Pons announced their discovery. The result was a mixed message in which no support for the claims was provided. Nevertheless, an implication was made to evaluate proposals by the normal peer review process. None were funded by the DOE (Department of Energy). Now a new evaluation has been undertaken by a panel of reviewers assembled by the DOE, mainly from the physics profession. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEtheusgover.pdf | ||||||
| 3864 | Report | Storms, E. | 2005 | A Response to the Review of Cold Fusion by the DoE | 21st Century Sci. & Technol. | Lattice Energy, LLC. | A Response to the Review of Cold Fusion by the DoE | Review | Various critiques provided by reviewers assembled by the DOE to evaluate cold fusion are addressed. Important issues are clarified and some misunderstandings are corrected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEaresponset.pdf | |||||
| 3865 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2005 | Description Of A Sensitive Seebeck Calorimeter Used For Cold Fusion Studies | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Description Of A Sensitive Seebeck Calorimeter Used For Cold Fusion Studies | calorimeter, method | A sensitive and stable Seebeck calorimeter is described and used to determine the heat of formation of PdD.? This determination can be used to show that such calorimeters are sufficiently accurate to measure the LENR effect and give support to the claims. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEdescriptioa.pdf | ||||
| 3866 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2005 | Why you should believe cold fusion is real (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Why you should believe cold fusion is real (PowerPoint slides) | review | |||||||
| 3867 | Report | Storms, E. | 2006 | Cold Fusion for Dummies | American Physical Society Meeting | LENR-CANR.org | Cold Fusion for Dummies | Review | The field and the name 'Cold Fusion' started in 1989 when chemists Stanley Pons of the University of Utah and Martin Fleischmann of the University of Southampton reported the production of excess heat in an electrolytic cell that they concluded could only be produced by a nuclear process. Three basic questions about cold fusion need answers: Why are some people so hostile to the claims; why should a person believe the claims are real; and why should anyone care if the claims are real or not? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEcoldfusione.pdf | |||||
| 3868 | Report | Storms, E. | 2006 | Fusao a Frio para Principiantes | American Physical Society Meeting | LENR-CANR.org | Fusao a Frio para Principiantes | Review | 'Cold Fusion for Dummies,' translated into Brazilian Portuguese by Sergio Bacchi. O campo e o nome 'Fus? a Frio' apareceu em 1989, quando os qu?icos Stanley Pons da Universidade de Utah e Martin Fleischmann da Universidade de Southampton, reportaram a produ?o de excesso de aquecimento numa c?ula eletrol?ica e conclu?am que s? poderia ser produzido por um processo nuclear. Este an??cio foi baseado numa extraordin?ia quantidade de energia que apareceu. Atrav? dos anos an??cios adicionais de rea?es nucleares inesperadas surgiram baseadas na produ?o de energia e produtos nucleares. Estes resultados foram e continuam sendo replicados por alguns laborat?ios, mas n? por outros. Conseq?ntemente, a realidade dos an??cios ? freq?ntemente rejeitada e fica como objeto de controv?sia. Algumas pessoas chegam mesmo ao extremo de achar que isto ? o exemplo de uma pseudo-ci?cia. Pode-se encontrar uma hist?ia detalhada da controv?sia em dois livros recentes sobre o assunto. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEfusoafriop.pdf | |||||
| 3869 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2006 | Comment on papers by K. Shanahan that propose to explain anomalous heat generated by cold fusion | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 441 | Comment on papers by K. Shanahan that propose to explain anomalous heat generated by cold fusion | Excess heat | Dr. Shanahan has published two papers (Thermochim. Acta 428 (2005) 207, Thermochim. Acta 382 (2002) 95) in which he argues that excess heat claimed to be produced by cold fusion is actually caused by errors in heat measurement. In particular, he proposes that unrecognized changes in the calibration constant are produced by changes in the locations where heat is being generated within the electrolytic cell over the duration of the measurement. Because these papers may lend unwarranted support to rejection of cold fusion claims, these erroneous arguments used by Shanahan need to be answered. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEcommentonp.pdf | ||||||
| 3870 | Report | Storms, E. | 2007 | Anomalous Heat Produced by Electrolysis of Palladium using a Heavy-Water Electrolyte | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 441 | LENR-CANR.org | Anomalous Heat Produced by Electrolysis of Palladium using a Heavy-Water Electrolyte | Excess heat | Significant heat was generated for about 740 min when a sample of palladium foil was electrolyzed as the cathode in D2O+LiOD. A very stable Seebeck calorimeter is described and used to make the measurements. The source of this anomalous energy is unknown. However, the observed energy and production of unexpected elements based on EDX examination are similar to the behaviors claimed by many people who study what is called low energy nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanomalousha.pdf | |||||
| 3871 | Book | Storms, E. | 2007 | The Science Of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 441 | World Scientific Publishing Company | The Science Of Low Energy Nuclear Reaction | Review | Selected pages from the book, including the Preface and Table of Contents. | 9789812706201 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEthescience.pdf | |||||
| 3872 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2007 | Radiation Produced By Glow Discharge In Deuterium | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Radiation Produced By Glow Discharge In Deuterium | glow discharge | Radiation produced by low-voltage discharge in a gas containing deuterium was measured using a Geiger counter located within the apparatus. This radiation was found to consist of energetic particles that were produced only when the voltage was above a critical value. In addition, the emission was very sensitive to the presence of oxygen in the gas. In the presence of the required conditions, emission occurred reliably with reaction rates in excess of 108 events/second. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEradiationp.pdf | |||||
| 3873 | Film or Broadcast | Storms, E. | 2008 | How to Cause Nuclear Reactions at Low Energy and Why Should You Care | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | YouTube.com | Labs, Kiva How to Cause Nuclear Reactions at Low Energy and Why Should You Care | http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-9026092151512597723 | |||||||
| 3874 | Report | Storms, E. | 2008 | How to Cause Nuclear Reactions at Low Energy and Why Should You Care (PowerPoint slides from video) | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Kiva Labs | Labs, Kiva How to Cause Nuclear Reactions at Low Energy and Why Should You Care (PowerPoint slides from video) | PowerPoint slides displayed during a video lecture on Google video: http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-9026092151512597723 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEhowtocausea.pdf | ||||||
| 3875 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2008 | The Method and Results Using Seebeck Calorimetry | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | The Method and Results Using Seebeck Calorimetry | particle emission | The characteristics of and errors associated with Seebeck calorimeters, as applied to the Fleischmann-Pons Effect, are described. This type of calorimeter as well as a flow type calorimeter were used to measured apparent excess energy from the same sample of platinum plated with palladium and other materials. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEthemethoda.pdf | |||||
| 3876 | Book Section | Storms, E. | 2008 | How to Explain Cold Fusion? | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series How to Explain Cold Fusion? | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch005 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch005 | ||||||
| 3877 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2008 | Radiation produced by glow discharge in a deuterium containing gas (Part 2) | American Physical Society Meeting | New Orleans | Radiation produced by glow discharge in a deuterium containing gas (Part 2) | glow discharge | This is the second paper in a series describing the radiation produced by the cathode during glow discharge in low-pressure gas using DC voltages between 400 V and 800 V. Evidence for energetic electrons, low-energy X-rays, and occasional proton (deuteron) emission has been obtained. The energy, intensity, and type of the radiation are sensitive to gas composition and the material used as the cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEradiationpa.pdf | |||||
| 3878 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2008 | Detection of Radiation Emitted from LENR | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Detection of Radiation Emitted from LENR | particle emission | A study was made to detect X-radiation and energetic particle emission from nuclear reactions that may be initiated during low-voltage gas discharge in deuterium. Evidence is presented for X-radiation having an energy nearly equal to the voltage applied to the discharge and energetic particle emission similar to deuterons having energy with peaks between 0.5 and 3 MeV. A study of radiation emitted from materials exposed to deuterium gas is underway. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEdetectiono.pdf | |||||
| 3879 | Report | Storms, E. | 2009 | What is believed about cold fusion? | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | What is believed about cold fusion? | review | In 1989, Fleischmann and Pons[1-5] claimed to initiate a fusion reaction between deuterons in palladium that resulted in an unusual amount of heat. This claim was rejected because insufficient supporting experimental information was provided, the claim was very difficult to replicate, and no plausible explanation could be proposed. During the 20 years since then, studies in at least 8 countries has provided a rich collection of information, improved reproducibility, and encouraged many explanations. This work has been reviewed by Storms[6] in 2007 based on over 1000 citations and will not be repeated here. This paper provides a brief and focused summary of what is believed to be true about the effect at the present time. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEwhatisbeli.pdf | |||||
| 3880 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2009 | Role of cluster formation in the LENR process | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Role of cluster formation in the LENR process | Presence and absence of expected radiation, occurrence of nuclear reactions having only one apparent product, and transmutation reactions involving addition of more than one deuteron all indicate involvement of large clusters of deuterons in the LENR process.? These clusters are proposed to hide their Coulomb barrier and to react with isolated deuterons to produce fusion and to react with larger nuclei to produce transmutation. Members of the cluster not directly involved in the nuclear reaction might be scattered by the released energy, thereby allowing momentum to be conserved and the resulting energy to produce particles having energy too small to be easily detected or to cause easily detectable secondary reactions.? Justification of this model is discussed. This proposed model is consistent with most observations, but raises additional questions about the nature of such super-clusters and other ways the energy may be communicated directly to the lattice that will be addressed in future papers. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEroleofclus.pdf | |||||
| 3881 | Journal Article | Storms, E., Grimshaw, T. | 2010 | Judging the Validity of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | Judging the Validity of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | CMNS, Cold fusion, Critique, Nuclear energy, Review | The Fleischmann-Pons Effect (FPE, aka cold fusion) was rejected as legitimate science within a year after its announcement in 1989. The growing need for a source of clean energy makes a re-examination of the initial rejection increasingly important. An effective way of assessing the status of the effect as legitimate science is to apply criteria that have been established by scientific skeptics. When 27 criteria set forth by Langmuir, Sagan and Shermer are applied, the requirements for scientific legitimacy appear to be met. In addition, a large and growing number of independent experiments are consistent with a nuclear mechanism being the cause of FPE. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedb.pdf#page=15 | ||||||
| 3882 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2010 | Status of cold fusion (2010) | Naturwiss., Vol = 97, Num = 10, Page = 861-881 | Status of cold fusion (2010) | cold fusion, CMNS, LENR, heat production, transmutation, review | The phenomenon called cold fusion has been studied for the last 21 years since its discovery by Profs. Fleischmann and Pons in 1989. The discovery was met with considerable skepticism, but supporting evidence has accumulated, plausible theories have been suggested, and research is continuing in at least eight countries. This paper provides a brief overview of the major discoveries and some of the attempts at an explanation. The evidence supports the claim that a nuclear reaction between deuterons to produce helium can occur in special materials without application of high energy. This reaction is found to produce clean energy at potentially useful levels without the harmful byproducts normally associated with a nuclear process. Various requirements of a model are examined. | 0028-1042 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEstatusofcoa.pdf | ||||||
| 3883 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2011 | Examination of errors that occur when using a gas-filled calorimeter | 16th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Chennai, India | Examination of errors that occur when using a gas-filled calorimeter | Calorimeter, method | Measurement of a reaction between D2 gas and a material using a calorimeter that is calibrated using H2 will show erroneous excess power production at temperatures above ambient if all energy present in the calorimeter is not totally measured, a requirement very difficult to accomplish. This insidious error is explored using a stable Seebeck calorimeter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEexaminatio.pdf | ||||
| 3884 | Report | Storms, E. | 2011 | What is now known about cold fusion? (Addendum to Student's Guide) | 16th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | What is now known about cold fusion? (Addendum to Student's Guide) | review | This is an addendum to the 'Student's Guide to Cold Fusion.' It clarifies several issues. Because this is a stand-alone summary, some of the basic information given in more detail in the Guide is briefly repeated here. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEwhatisnowk.pdf | |||||
| 3885 | Journal Article | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2011 | What is Real about Cold Fusion and What Explanations are Plausible? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | What is Real about Cold Fusion and What Explanations are Plausible? | Cluster, Cold fusion, Fusion, Nuclear reaction | Experimental observations are now available to test rational theories and models about the cold fusion effect. Some of these informations are summarized and used to draw logical inferences about the requirements a plausible theory must satisfy. A model based on the role of super-clusters is proposed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=25 | ||||||
| 3886 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2012 | An Approach to Explaining Cold Fusion | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | An Approach to Explaining Cold Fusion | Theory | Cold fusion or Low Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) is a process that results in various nuclear reactions involving all isotopes of hydrogen within what appear to be ordinary materials at ordinary temperatures. In general terms, the reactions can be described as fusion when two hydrogen isotopes combine to form a single product nuclei or as transmutation when one or more hydrogen isotope nuclei enter a larger nuclei. As expected, these reactions generate energy but very little radiation is detected, which is unexpected and has been a cause for rejection.? Sufficient evidence is now available to justify believing this is a real phenomenon and not the result of error. The challenge is to explain how such an unusual process operates. The approached used in this paper is based on six assumptions and their logical relationship to many observations. Although many details are not quantified, the general characteristics of the LENR process are described. This analysis places severe limits on any proposed explanation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanapproach.pdf | |||||
| 3887 | Journal Article | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2012 | What Is Cold Fusion and Why Should You Care? | Proc. NPA | What Is Cold Fusion and Why Should You Care? | review | ||||||||
| 3888 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2012 | An explanation of low energy nuclear reactions (cold fusion) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | An explanation of low energy nuclear reactions (cold fusion) | Theory | A plausible nuclear-active-environment in which LENR occurs is identified by ruling out various possibilities and by identifying an environment that is common to all successful methods. When this environment is combined with a plausible mechanism, many testable predictions result. These insights and proposals are offered to help clarify understanding of LENR and to suggest future studies. The common environment in which LENR occurs is proposed to be cracks of a critical size, followed by a resonance process that dissipates energy by X-ray emission based on a laser-like process.? The LENR behavior has the potential to test the Standard Model of nuclear interaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanexplanat.pdf | ||||||
| 3889 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2012 | An Explanation of Low-energy Nuclear Reactions (Cold Fusion) (translation into Chinese) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | An Explanation of Low-energy Nuclear Reactions (Cold Fusion) (translation into Chinese) | A version of this paper, translated into Chinese: http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanexplanat.pdf English Abstract begins: A plausible nuclear-active-environment in which LENR occurs is identified by ruling out various possibilities and by identifying an environment that is common to all successful methods. When this environment is combined with a plausible mechanism, many testable predictions result. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanexplanata.pdf | |||||||
| 3890 | Journal Article | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2012 | Nature of energetic radiation emitted from a metal exposed to H2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11, Num = submitted | Nature of energetic radiation emitted from a metal exposed to H2 | radiation | Layers of metals were applied so as to cause local stress, which is proposed to create voids in which nuclear reactions can be initiated when the material is exposed to H2. Photon emission having energy sufficient to pass through 3.86 g/cm^2 of absorbing material was detected using a Geiger-Mueller detector. This radiation was observed to last many hours and is not typical of what is called fractofusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEnatureofen.pdf | ||||||
| 3891 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2013 | Cold fusion from a chemist's point of view | Infinite Energy | 13 Cold fusion from a chemist's point of view theory | theory | Very small cracks are proposed as the location of the LENR process in a material. A resonance process is proposed to occur in these structures, resulting in fusion, while energy is emitted as coherent photons having a characteristic energy. The nuclear product depends on which isotope of hydrogen is present. Reasons are given why a crack structure is required to explain LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEcoldfusionf.pdf | ||||||
| 3892 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2013 | Response to Reviewer Comments | Infinite Energy | 40 Response to Reviewer Comments | Critique | I want to thank the reviewers (IE #108) for taking the time to make interesting and sometimes useful comments on my paper, ?old Fusion from a Chemist's Point of View.? This is the first and hopefully not the last time a proposed explanation of LENR has been reviewed publicly in such detail. The process is effective in revealing not only flaws but also how the ideas can be better explained to avoid misunderstanding. I will comment on each review in the order they appeared in IE #108. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEresponseto.pdf | ||||||
| 3893 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2013 | The Role of Voids as the Location of LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | The Role of Voids as the Location of LENR | Cold fusion, Crack structure, Energy | A proposed model explaining the low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) process is described. The process occurs in voids of a critical size and involves a string of resonating hydrons, each of which is separated by an electron. This unique structure, called a ?ydroton?, is proposed to make LENR possible and provides a process that can explain all reported observations and predict several new behaviors while using only three basic assumptions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=128 | ||||||
| 3894 | Journal Article | Storms, E., Scanlan, B. | 2013 | Nature of Energetic Radiation Emitted from a Metal Exposed to H2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | Nature of Energetic Radiation Emitted from a Metal Exposed to H2 | Cold fusion, Cracks, Fusion, LENR, Radiation | Layers of metals were applied so as to cause local stress, which is proposed to create voids in which nuclear reactions can be initiated when the material is exposed to H2. Photon emission having energy sufficient to pass through 3.86 g/cm2 of absorbing material was detected using a Geiger-Mueller detector. This radiation was observed to last many hours and is not typical of what is called fracto-fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedj.pdf#page=147 | ||||||
| 3895 | Report | Storms, E. | 2015 | A Student's Guide to Cold Fusion (Russian version) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 11 | LENR-CANR.org | A Student's Guide to Cold Fusion (Russian version) | Review | Translation of 'Student's Guide to Cold Fusion.' Evidence supporting cold fusion (LENR) is summarized and requirements an explanation must take into account are justified. A plausible nuclear-active-environment is identified by ruling out various possibilities and by identifying an environment that is common to all methods used to produce LENR. When this environment is combined with a plausible mechanism, many testable predictions result. These insights and proposals are offered to help clarify understanding of LENR and to suggest future studies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEastudentsga.pdf | |||||
| 3896 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2015 | Explaining Cold Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Explaining Cold Fusion | Theory | Five assumptions are used to create a new explanation of low energy nuclear reactions (cold fusion) based on formation of a novel active environment within a variety of materials. The method to form this environment and the nuclear consequences are described. The fusion process is proposed to occur when a form of metallic hydrogen is created in nano-cracks. Methods to test the model are provided. Engineering variables are identified and used to show how the process can be controlled and amplified. These assumptions can also be used to evaluate other proposed explanations. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEexplaining.pdf | ||||||
| 3897 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2015 | In the Spirit of John Bockris | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | 8 In the Spirit of John Bockris | Electrochemistry, John Bockris, Palladium, Transmutation, Tritium | The life of Prof. John Bockris provides a reminder of how good science should be undertaken and the harm a scientist and all of science suffer when these expectations are ignored. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=13 | ||||||
| 3898 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2015 | How the explanation of LENR can be made consistent with observed behaviour and natural laws | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 531 How the explanation of LENR can be made consistent with observed behaviour and natural laws | Cold fusion, hydroton, LENR, theory to science and commercial applications. | http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/108/04/0531.pdf | |||||||
| 3899 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2015 | Introduction to the main experimental findings of the LENR field | Current Science., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | Current Science Association | 25 February 2015 | Introduction to the main experimental findings of the LENR field | experimental, LENR | Twenty-five years ago in March 1989, Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons announced their success in initiating fusion between deuterons in palladium used as the cathode in an electrolytic cell. Since then, a battle has waged between skeptics who reject the claim and people who observe behaviour that is consistent with the claim. This article briefly summarizes the major experimental observations. A companion article in this special section provides insight into how the observations might be explained. | https://www.jstor.org/stable/24216601?seq=1 | ||||
| 3900 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2016 | Anomalous Energy Produced by PdD | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 20 | 81 Anomalous Energy Produced by PdD | Cold fusion, Enthalpy of reaction, Excess energy, PdD, Volume expansion | Two samples of commercial Pd from the same batch were reacted with D using the electrolytic method and found to produce sustained excess power and energy. The effects of temperature, applied current, and D/Pd ratio on the amount of excess power were studied. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseds.pdf#page=86 | ||||||
| 3901 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2016 | How Basic Behavior of LENR can Guide A Search for an Explanation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 20 | 100 How Basic Behavior of LENR can Guide A Search for an Explanation | Cold fusion, Cracks, Energy production, Hydrogen fusion, LENR, PdD, Theory | The LENR effect was identified 27 years ago by Profs. Fleischmann and Pons as production of extra energy in a normal chemical structure, in this case PdD. Over a thousand published papers now support the discovery and the energy is shown to result from fusion of hydrogen isotopes without the need to apply energy and without energetic radiation being produced. By conventional standards, the claims are impossible. Nevertheless, a new phenomenon has been discovered requiring acceptance and understanding. The major behaviors and their present understanding are described in this paper and are used to suggest how an effective explanation might be constructed. Once again, science has been forced to either reject the obvious or accept the impossible. In this case, the normal skepticism needs to be ignored in order to determine if this promised energy source is real and can provide the ideal energy so critically needed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseds.pdf#page=105 | ||||||
| 3902 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2017 | A New Source of Energy using Low-Energy Fusion of Hydrogen | Environ Sci Ind J, Vol = 13, Num = 2 | A New Source of Energy using Low-Energy Fusion of Hydrogen | cold fusion, ideal energy, clean energy, fusion energy | Chemical energy alone has powered civilization until relatively recently when nuclear fission power based on uranium became available. Efforts are now underway to go the next step on this path to nuclear sources by harnessing fusion power using hydrogen. So far, this so-called hot fusion process has not been successful in producing practical power. The complexity and size of the generator is expected to make this source impractical even after the many engineering problems are solved. Perhaps a different approach is needed. As answer to this need, a new method called cold fusion was recently discovered to cause fusion. Even though this might prove to be a better way to extract fusion energy, the claim has been difficult for some scientists to accept because it conflicts with what is known about nuclear interaction. This paper describes the cold fusion claim and gives reasons why the method should be accepted and applied. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEanewsource.pdf | ||||||
| 3903 | Conference Proceedings | Storms, E. | 2018 | The enthalpy of formation of PdH as a function of H/Pd atom ratio and treatment (PowerPoint slides) | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | Fort Collins, CO | The enthalpy of formation of PdH as a function of H/Pd atom ratio and treatment (PowerPoint slides) | loading, excess heat | Production of the LENR effect involves achieving a large concentration of D in the PdD lattice structure. A great deal of effort has been applied to understanding how this can be accomplished and the nature of the resulting structure. The bulk properties play a role in this process but are sensitive to the impurity content and treatment. The influence of the bulk properties on this process has not been fully explored. This paper describes a new method to directly measure the bond energy between the PdH structure and the contained H atoms in real time as a function of H/Pd ratio from zero to the maximum H content using the electrolytic method and H2SO4+H2O to react Pd with H. A unique and very accurate calorimeter (+/-5 mW) is used to measure power during the loading reaction. This method is applied to several types of Pd including commercial Pd sheet, extra pure Pd, and a zone refine single-crystal of Pd after each is subjected to several treatments. These treatments include repeated loading-deloading cycles, annealing at 900?, and reduction in thickness. The bond energy is found to be sensitive to purity, treatment, and H/Pd ratio, with good agreement with published measurements being achieved after certain treatments. In addition, three methods to measure the average H/Pd ratio are described and compared. These methods use weight gain, orphaned oxygen, and recombiner temperature. A great deal of information about the reaction process can be obtained by combining these three methods because they are sensitive to different possible errors and behaviours. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEtheenthalp.pdf | |||||
| 3904 | Report | Storms, E. | 2019 | Relationship between the burnishing process used by Mizuno and the Storms theory of NAE formation | The 21st International Conference for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science ICCF-21 | LENRexplained.com | Relationship between the burnishing process used by Mizuno and the Storms theory of NAE formation | Mizuno [1] has applied Pd to Ni mesh by burnishing and claimed to make excess energy by heating the material in D2 gas. This method is expected to produce the conditions predicted by Storms to cause LENR. The relationship between the burnishing method and the Storms theory of LENR is described as well as several testable predictions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsErelationsha.pdf | ||||||
| 3905 | Journal Article | Storms, E. | 2019 | The Enthalpy of Formation of PdH as a Function of H/Pd Atom Ratio | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | The Enthalpy of Formation of PdH as a Function of H/Pd Atom Ratio | Bond energy, Enthalpy of formation, Palladium hydride, Reaction rate, Single crystal | A Seebeck calorimeter is used to measure the bond energy between H and the lattice in the Pd's system as a function of H/Pd atom ratio during electrolysis. The bond energy was found to become increasingly endothermic in excess of about PdH0.75. This energy is found to be sensitive to repeated gain and loss of hydrogen and to the bond disruption caused by reduction in thickness. The study used Pd having various purities and in one case a single crystal. In addition, a new method is described to measure the H/Pd atom ratio during electrolysis, which is used to show how rapidly H reacts with Pd. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=284 | ||||||
| 3906 | Conference Paper | Storms, E. | 2020 | Cold Fusion: From rejection as a fiasco to being a salvation of civilization. | COEF-12 | August 14-15, 2020 | History | The title of the talk is Cold Fusion: From rejection as a fiasco to being a salvation of civilization. The rejection is continuing but the salvation has yet to start. To understand the fiasco, a little history is required. Cold Fusion was discovered by Professors Martin Fleishmann and Stanley Pons working at the University of Utah and announced in 1989. This was a BIG DEAL. Their discovery was announced around the world. Everyone realized the importance. People predicted that the pollution being caused by oil extraction and transport could be eliminated. Nuclear accidents would no longer be a worry. We now know that if this clean energy had been developed 31 years ago, future global warming would have been reduced. As result, the rejection has had serious consequences to the future of civilization. I was working at LANL (Los Alamos National Laboratory) at the time. The laboratory was attempting to develop fission power for use in space, which is a very difficult problem. In fact, having sufficient power for extended space travel is still a problem. The power produced by cold fusion could be the ideal solution. As result, people at Los Alamos became very exited. Dozens of people stopped their normal work and attempted to replicate what Fleischmann and Pons claimed. I was able to make tritium and then excess energy using their method. Both studies were published in a peer reviewed scientific journal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StormsEcoldfusiong.pdf | ||||||
| 3907 | Patent | Strackan, J. S. | 1994 | Thermoelectric Energy Conversion | COEF-12 | US Patent #5,288,336 | Tertiary Thermoelectric Energy Conversion Thermoelectric Energy Conversion | thermoelectric, Energy Conversion | |||||||
| 3908 | Journal Article | Stremmenos, C. | 1999 | Fusione fredda. Un dibattito che prosegue' ('Cold fusion. A debate that continues') | Chim. Ind. (Milan), Vol = 81 | Fusione fredda. Un dibattito che prosegue' ('Cold fusion. A debate that continues') | Polemic, critique | ||||||||
| 3909 | Journal Article | Stringham, R., George, R. | 1995 | Cavitation induced micro-fusion solid state production of heat, 3He, and 4He | Chim. Ind. (Milan), Vol = 81 | Cavitation induced micro-fusion solid state production of heat, 3He, and 4He | ultrasound, heat+, 4He, 3He, acoustic, bubble, cavitation | ||||||||
| 3910 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 1998 | Anomalous heat production by cavitation | 1998 IEEE International Ultrasonic Symposium | Sendai, Japan | Oct. 5-8, 1998 | Anomalous heat production by cavitation | heat+, cavitation, ultrasonic, sonofusion | ||||||
| 3911 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 1998 | First gate energies | 1998 IEEE International Ultrasonic Symposium | First gate energies | heat+, progress report, sonicfusion, ultrasonic | ||||||||
| 3912 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R., Chandler, J., George, R., Passell, T. O., Raymond, R. | 1998 | Predictable and Reproducible Heat | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 361 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Predictable and Reproducible Heat | cavitation, ultrasonic, heat+, ICCF-7 | The application of transient cavitation bubbles, TCBs, in conjunction with metal foils has proved to be a good scientific probe or tool for the predictable measurements of excess heat Q(x) and heat-after Q(a) [ 1 ] at steady state temperatures. The TCB jet produces a high density coherent flux of D+ that is injected into the foil lattice with a flux density of about 1 024 D+/cm2 in a few pi co seconds and at 40 KHz billions of TCBs are formed on the lattice each second [2,3,4,5,6,7]. The data is measured at 5 min. intervals over a period of 24 hours in a static device with some 43 sonication runs and an equal number of calibration runs. A Joule heater is included in the piezo driven reactor to calibrate all runs. It was found from earlier unpublished work [2] that a number of foils will produce both Q(x) and Q(a) in D2O. The Q(a) is different in a mixture of light and heavy water. Q(a) is divided into two distinct processes; Q(al) involving j ust deuterons and the larger Q(a2) involving both deuterons and protons. The knowledge gained from 43 experiments reported on in this paper were completed in the period of Feb. to Apr. of 1 998. The energy values for Q(x) and Q(a) outputs vary from 40 KJ to mega Joules with rates that vary from 1 to 1 5 watts depending on the conditions. The one parameter that is not predictable at this point is the duration of Q(a). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=361 | ||
| 3913 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2000 | The Cavitation Micro Accelerator | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 299 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | The Cavitation Micro Accelerator | ultrasonic, cavitation, method, ICCF-8, accustic | ||||
| 3914 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2002 | Pinched cavitation jets and fusion events | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Pinched cavitation jets and fusion events 4040 | sonofusion, Pd, D2O | The collapse of a transient cavitation bubble in deuteriumoxide produces a high density plasma jet containing 109 deuterons.? The inertial compression of a jet via an electron induced magnetic field pinch effect on its plasma contents produces high to even higher deuteron densities in the order of 1025 gm/cc before implanting into a foil target.? This model is parallel to the systems found in the hot plasmas of inertial systems.?? During the initial period of implantation of a few picoseconds, the high density deuterons in the target lattice experience reduced coulomb repulsion due to the high density charge screening.? In this environment it is possible that some DD fusion events occur as evidenced by photos of the metal target foils and by the evidence of helium four and tritium production. Making some basic assumptions the smallest diameter and highest population of vent sites in the target foils are produced by events in the order of 20 Mev.?? When experiments were monitored there was no long range radiation detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StringhamRpinchedcav.pdf | |||
| 3915 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2003 | Cavitation and Fusion | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Cavitation and Fusion | cavitation, ultrasonic, heat | |||||
| 3916 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2003 | Cavitation and Fusion - poster session | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Cavitation and Fusion - poster session | cavitation, ultrasonic, heat | Natural cavitation phenomena in D2O using piezo devices, is now amplified initiating DD fusion events that produce heat and helium. We have adapted it for our use. The transient cavitation bubble, TCB, has been harnessed to produce high densities of deuterons, 10^25 to 25/cc. An electrically driven piezo device filled with D2O produces acoustic field generating TCBs that are, in the final collapse stage, micro accelerators. The result is the implanting of deuterons into a target foil producing 4He originating from the Pd foil and T from the Ti foil. We are an emergent tangent technology to sonoluminescence, SL, technology, which we use to give us an environmental parameter probe into the bubble contents at the moment of its highest energy density. (Much of the SL studies center on the pulses of photons coupled to the irradiating acoustic field emanating from an oscillating single stable cavitation bubble, SSCB.) The generation of these photons relates to conditions for the target implantation process. Recently we have been studying the effects of frequency on multi TCB SL conditions that produce fusion. These experiments and the analytical methods have concentrated on the mass spectroscopy of reactor gases, calorimetry of the reactor and power supply, and the scanning electron microscope photographs of target foils. The results from many experiments are pieced together to reach a plausible path for the TCB that terminates with deuterons implanting into a target with the resulting fusion events. The use of SL for monitoring the bubble content's high energy densities allows for reactor parameter management for fusion events in the target foil. Studies of multi TCBs' SL at higher temperatures (300-450?), external pressures (10^6-10^7.5 dynes/cm2) and frequencies (.02- 1.7 MHz) are proceeding in a search for better fusion environments. The results of these experiments will be presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StringhamRcavitationb.pdf | |||
| 3917 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2004 | Low Mass 1.6 MHz Sonofusion Reactor | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Low Mass 1.6 MHz Sonofusion Reactor | sonofusion | We are using one of the most remarkable pulsing systems that nature offers for producing transient high energy densities and I have been fortunate enough to be involved with it for over 20 years.? Over time we have increased the frequency of our piezo cavitation drivers and are now at 1.6 MHz and find that our results are the same.? Even better, the Qx /(reactor gm), the energy density, is drastically increased when compared to our 40 and 20 KHz piezo systems [1,2,3]. The cost is decreased by at least an order of magnitude and the durability is greatly increased.? All Q values in this paper are dQ/dt Joules/sec. or watts.? The systems differ in several ways because of the 40 times increase in frequency.??? These 1.6 MHz systems produce more sonoluminescence, SL, and more but smaller bubbles and an energy density in the collapsing bubble system that is the same magnitude as the 40KHz systems [4,5]. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StringhamRlowmassmhz.pdf | |||||
| 3918 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2006 | Ejecta Sites and DD Fusion Events | APS March Meeting | Baltimore, MD | March 13-17, 2006 | Ejecta Sites and DD Fusion Events | sonofusion | A cavitation-produced jet that implants a target foil at high impact velocities produces foil damage shown in color and SEM, scanning electron microscopy, photos. The work here dates from 1989 to 2001 and was produced in several different reactors, target foils, and frequencies. The result of high density pinched implantation of D+ and e-, deuterons and electrons; plasma is a D+ cluster. The implant occurs in a picosecond time frame with a creation of D+/Pd, in a 100/1 ratio of an initially electron free D+ cluster with a diameter in the order of a hundred nm. The mobile e- react with D+ and surround the D+ cluster with D. DD fusion events occurring in the transient high-density cluster produce a gamma free heat pulse. The heat pulse reaches the lattice surface in a nanosecond expelling the vapor/liquid foil and products as ejecta. The ejecta sites are easily seen in SEM photos and are counted and plotted as MeV DD fusion events. The results have been interpreted as DD fusion events that increase in energy as they decrease in frequency (counts) exponentially. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StringhamRejectasite.pdf | ||||
| 3919 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2007 | 1.6 MHz Sonofusion Measurement and Model | American Physical Society Meeting | Denver, CO | March 5-9, 2007 | 1.6 MHz Sonofusion Measurement and Model | Years of data collected from First Gate's various sonofusion systems gain fundamental support from recent extrapolations of hot fusion research.? Consider the velocity, 3x104m/sec, of a high density low energy jet plasma of deuterons that originates from the collapse of the TCB, transient cavitation bubble, in D2O that implants a target foil [1 - Many ICCF & APS].? The foil generates heat via DD fusion events that produce 4He and T.? We compare our sonofusion to the jet plasma of Tokamak type plasma fusion systems with all their stability problems.? Since sonofusion is a compilation of billions single fusion events per second and not a continuous fusion system like Tokamak, Stellarator, and Jet fusion systems; a comparison gives sonofusion a decided advantage. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StringhamRmhzsonofus.pdf | |||||
| 3920 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2008 | Bubble Driven Fusion | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Bubble Driven Fusion | Sonofusion | |||||||
| 3921 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2009 | When Bubble Cavitation Becomes Sonofusion | 237rd ACS National Meeting | Salt Lake City | When Bubble Cavitation Becomes Sonofusion | sonofusion | Experimentally, heat and 4He are the fusion products of sonofusion (SF). SF controls a naturally occurring phenomenon with cavitation-induced bubbles and their high energy density transferred to transient jets that implant deuteron clusters into a matrix or lattice. The SF path to clusters can be extrapolated from high-density experiments of inertial confined fusion, ICF, Bose Einstein Condensates, BEC, muon fusion, MF, and astrophysical phenomena, to explain our ejecta sites, Qx, 4He, and no measureable long-range radiation results. The fusion events emanate from deuteron clusters implanted into target foils. Clusters are squeezed and cooled via electromagnetic, EM, compression pressures and evaporative cooling of cluster surface deuterons producing the fusion environment. Evidence of these cluster fusion events is found in the millions of target foil ejecta sites in | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/StringhamRwhenbubble.pdf | |||||
| 3922 | Book Section | Stringham, R. | 2009 | Sonofusion, Deuterons to Helium Experiments | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Sonofusion, Deuterons to Helium Experiments | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch009 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch009 | ||||||
| 3923 | Conference Proceedings | Stringham, R. | 2009 | Sonofusion Produces Tritium That Decays to Helium Three | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Sonofusion Produces Tritium That Decays to Helium Three | Three main points are covered that are unique to Ti sonofusion target foils. These are surface modification to TiOx shown by photos and scanning electron microscope, SEM, photos, and the decay measurement of tritium, T, by mass spectrum analysis, MS, to 3He, the Ti target foils, and the unexplained production of 1 microm Ti hollow tubes shown in SEM photos. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=101 | |||||
| 3924 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2011 | Model for Sonofusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Model for Sonofusion | Bubble, Calorimetry, Cavitation, Cluster, Ejecta, Fusion, Fusion products, Jet, Picosecond, Transient high-density plasma | Experimental cavitation sonofusion results needed a mechanism to explain the measured 4He and heat produced. A model is introduced based on high-density low-energy transient astrophysical behavior, creating an environment for fusion events by forming electron free clusters. The cluster's low temperature and high density are shown to be essential to the fusion environment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=312 | ||||||
| 3925 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2012 | When Bubble Cavitation becomes Sonofusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | When Bubble Cavitation becomes Sonofusion | BEC, Charged-plasma, Clusters, High-density, Sonofusion | Experimentally, excess heat, Qx, and 4He are the measured fusion products of transient high-density sonofusion, SF.A possible path to DD fusion is explained by piezo driven cavitation bubbles, where the critical parameters are temperature, pressure, acoustic input, and frequency that control, for a picosecond, the low-energy nuclear reactions that produce DD fusion events. The electromagnetic, EM, pulse compressed deuteron clusters squeezing them into a Bose Einstein Condensate. The BEC cluster environment provides for the direct conversion of fusion energy into heat and 4He. The continuous production of 1016 bubbles/sec produces radiation free usable heat as observed via ejecta site surveys. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=10 | ||||||
| 3926 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2012 | Model for Electromagnetic pulsed BEC Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | Model for Electromagnetic pulsed BEC Experiments | BEC, Deuteron, Sonoluminescense, Superconductivity, z-pinch | Sonofusion experiments, which incorporate transient Bose Einstein condensates, BEC, have recently focused on related sonosuperconductivity. Cavitation jets implant high-density deuteron clusters into a target foil. Clusters are then squeezed by accelerated charges that form dense transient EM pulses. Cavitation and the associated sonoluminescence phenomena, used as a measuring tool, helps develop and explain related experimental results. Two outcomes, sonofusion and sono-superconductivity both produce D+clusters in reactors of different geometries. MHz reactor No. 1 is driven by a disk piezo and has produced excess heat, Qx, using the foil target and other products, including 4He. The newMHz reactor No. 2 is driven by a cylindrical piezo lowpower with a concentric wire target with transient cluster steady state concentration near the wire surface. The target?? steady state cluster coverage may satisfy a sono-superconductivity subsurface cluster connectivity during the MHz?? 100 ns collective sonoluminescence pulse. It was anticipated that ambient sono-superconductivity was possible but so far has proved difficult to measure. Cavitation D2O bubbles in both reactors were controlled by three main parameters for the two reactors: temperature, pressure of Ar gas over D2O, and acoustic watt input; Ti, Pi, andQa. The z-pinch jets??ontents of deuterons and electrons were implanted, with an induced picosecond transient charge separation. This charge separation produced an electromagnetic, EM, cluster compression pulse that formed a high-density BEC environment, as the EM pulse pressure overwhelmed repulsive deuteron cluster pressure for that picosecond. This model used unique attributes of the high-density transient deuterons to produce sonofusion in reactor No. 1 and sono-superconductivity in reactor No. 2 near ambient temperature. The measurements showed the presence of sonoluminescence pulses, implanted plasma, and heat pulse ejecta sites. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=81 | ||||||
| 3927 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2014 | Sonofusion's Transient Condensate Clusters | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 505-514 Sonofusion's Transient Condensate Clusters | D2O cavitation produces Z-pinch jets implanting a target lattice. Measurements, data interpretations, and FE SEM photos explain products heat and 4He produced in target foils. The picosecond dynamics of a deuteron electron plasma charge separation and pressure pulse produce alpha particles and heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=515 | |||||||
| 3928 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2014 | Sonofusion: Ultrasound-Activated He Production in Circulating D2O | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 79-86 Sonofusion: Ultrasound-Activated He Production in Circulating D2O | Alpha, Bremsstrahlung, Gamma, Heatk, Sonoluminescence | Experiments over the last 25 years have demonstrated sonofusion: the formation of He by ultrasound incident on D2O. The observed effect is described. Neither the characteristic gamma nor the neutron typically seen in the formation from two deuterons of 4He and 3He, respectively, is observed. The experimental arrangement is specified. A proposed model, based on cavitation-produced z-pinch jets in target-foil implants, is outlined. It involves formation in the implants of a BE condensate that provides the source of the deuterons and whose recoil ensures energy-momentum conservation. The model accounts for all experimental results. It also provides a guide for future work on sonofusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=85 | ||||||
| 3929 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2015 | Conservation of E and M, Single Cavitation Heat Events | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 55 Conservation of E and M, Single Cavitation Heat Events | Alpha, Cavitation, Jets, Photons | Experiments spread over a period of 24 years create a model for sonofusion. An explanation of results will influence new paths for its further development. Cavitation produced z-pinch target-foil implanting jets produce SEM photos of single event ejecta sites equal to the binding energy differences, Eb, for alpha production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=62 | ||||||
| 3930 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2017 | Helium Measurements From Target Foils, LANL and PNNL, 1994 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Helium Measurements From Target Foils, LANL and PNNL, 1994 | Cavitation, Gamma, 4He, Lattice, Mass spectrum | The alphas formed in Ti and Pd target foils were measured as 4He in a mass spectrum, MS, analysis at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PNNL, a lab that specializes in 3He and 4He measurements. The exposed bcc crystal lattice Ti target foil, TF, measured an average of 39 x 10^12 +/- 1.4 trapped 4He atoms. The fcc crystal lattices of Pd, Ag, Ni, and Cu target foils, particularly the two measured fcc Pd TF lattices produced ~ 0.35 x 10^12 trapped 4He atoms. This helium level was just above its background level, and 1/100 that of the bcc Ti TF. In the fcc palladium TF, SEM crater volume measurements show that most of the alphas are ejected into the circulating D2O, where they were measured in the gas phase. In 1994 the samples were run at LANL and measured at PNNL. The helium was measured by melting small TF pieces cut from the active center zone. Then each piece was placed in a crucible, and melted under vacuum, releasing all gases including background helium. These collected gases from one piece were pretreated; then were measured. The data was converted to total 4He atoms trapped in the active zone of the TF lattice. A total of 24 measurements for 3He and 4He on three TFs found no 3He but 4He in all 12 measurements. SEM photos of single ejecta sites were combined with calculations of old data that used knowledge gained from 23 years of cavitation experience that enhances the old data. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=296 | ||||||
| 3931 | Journal Article | Stringham, R. | 2020 | Deuteron Plasmas Driven to Neutrality and 4He | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 30 | Deuteron Plasmas Driven to Neutrality and 4He | Cavitation resonance, Deuterons, Free electrons, MC clustered radio frequency, Target foils, Time frame | This paper discusses Radio Frequency (RF) applied to cavitating D2O, resulting in jet plasma implantation of charged separated electrons and a deuteron-compressed plasma pulse; these interactions involved hot charged particles at an effective temperature of 104 K in a sub-picosecond time frame A. Free electrons were focused on clustered deuterons that compressed the deuterons like a spherical piston, squeezing a Meso-Cluster (MC) of deuterons. The compressed clusters were different from the deuterium clusters used by A. Takahashi. A reaction pathway similar to muon fusion was observed. The RF applied at a deuteron resonance, produced charge neutrality in the plasma?? electromagnetic (EM) pathway where alpha production was observed. Each MC consisted of 2?100 deuterons. Here we will use 10 deuterons to describe the MC and its alpha production, within time frame A. The changing MC density, pressure, and temperature were critical to alpha production, within time frame A. The MC volume was about 10-39 m3 and compression force was continuously applied to the MC located at the target foil (TF) surface. The heat transport was fast, and MCs were confined by electromagnetic fields (EM) tangent to the MC interface and motion of the neutralizing electrons. It is conjectured in this paper that the neutralizing plasma in time frame A produced a shockwave (SW) using a single electron to form a D atom that fused two deuterons in the MC to create an alpha. Before the fusion reaction, the surface target foil atoms were cavitating for an active period of 100 ns duration with each RF cavitation resonance cycle (see the main text in Fig 4). . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzc.pdf#page=49 | ||||||
| 3932 | Journal Article | Stritzker, B., Becker, J. | 1975 | Superconductivity in Metastable Pd-Alloys Produced by Ion Implantation at Low Temperatures | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 51 | Superconductivity in Metastable Pd-Alloys Produced by Ion Implantation at Low Temperatures | PdH, PdD, PdC, PdB, superconductivity, ion Implanation | ||||||||
| 3933 | Journal Article | Stroka, A., Baranowski, B., Filipek, S. M. | 1993 | Search for 3He and 4He in Pd-D2 system long term cumulation experiment in high pressure | Pol. J. Chem., Vol = 67 | Search for 3He and 4He in Pd-D2 system long term cumulation experiment in high pressure | helium, Pd, D2 | ||||||||
| 3934 | Journal Article | Stuhr, U., Striffler, T., Wipf, H., Natter, H., Wettman, B., Janssen, S., Hempelmann, R., Hahn, H. | 1997 | An investigation of hydrogen diffusion in nanocrystalline Pd by neutron spectroscopy | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | An investigation of hydrogen diffusion in nanocrystalline Pd by neutron spectroscopy | diffusion, H2, microcrystals, Pd | ||||||||
| 3935 | Journal Article | Stukan, P. A., Rumyantsev, Yu. M., Shishkov, A. V. | 1993 | Generation of hard radiation and accumulation of tritium during electrolysis of heavy water | High Energy Chem., Vol = 27 | Generation of hard radiation and accumulation of tritium during electrolysis of heavy water | electrolysis, tritium, radiation, heat-, neutron, D2O, H2O, Pd | ||||||||
| 3936 | Journal Article | Stukan, R. A., Rumyantsev, Yu. M. | 1996 | Effect of tritium on the generation of hard radiation in the electrolysis of D2O with a palladium cathode (T-D cold fusion reactions) | High Energy Chem., Vol = 30 | Effect of tritium on the generation of hard radiation in the electrolysis of D2O with a palladium cathode (T-D cold fusion reactions) | Pd, D2O, radiation, neutron, H2O, T2O. tritium | ||||||||
| 3937 | Journal Article | Stulen, R. H. | 1988 | Summary Abstract: Observation of Molecular H2 and D2 on Pd and Ag Using Thermal Desorption Between 5 and 20 K | J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, Vol = 6 | Summary Abstract: Observation of Molecular H2 and D2 on Pd and Ag Using Thermal Desorption Between 5 and 20 K | Pd, Ag, H2, D2, absorption | ||||||||
| 3938 | Journal Article | Sugai, H., Tanase, M., Yahagi, M | 1998 | Release of tritium, protium, and helium from neutron-irradiated Li-Al alloy. II | J. Nuclear Mater., Vol = 254, Num = 2/3, Page = 151 | Release of tritium, protium, and helium from neutron-irradiated Li-Al alloy. II | Li-Al, neutron, tritium | ||||||||
| 3939 | Journal Article | Sugakov, V. I. | 1996 | Conditions for inducing, dynamics and manifestation of atom acceleration in nonequilibrium crystals | Ukr. Fiz. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), Vol = 41 | Conditions for inducing, dynamics and manifestation of atom acceleration in nonequilibrium crystals | Theory, crystal defects, energy focussing, solitons | ||||||||
| 3940 | Conference Proceedings | Sugiura, H., Yamaguchi, E. | 1998 | Calorimetric Analysis of the Excess Heat Generated from Pd:D and Pd:H by the 'In-vacuo' Method | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 366 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Calorimetric Analysis of the Excess Heat Generated from Pd:D and Pd:H by the 'In-vacuo' Method | Pd, D2, heat+, layer, Au-Pd, Ag-Pd, H2, ICCF-7 | We developed an evaluation method for the excess heat generated from 'in-vacuo ' Pd:D (Pd:H) . Using this method, w e quantitatively analysed the excess power including the endothermic contribution in de-loading D2 ( H 2) gas and confirmed the 100% reproducibility of more than 100% excess heat generation from Pd: D (Pd: H). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=366 | ||
| 3941 | Journal Article | Sullivan, D. L. | 1994 | Exclusionary epideictic: NOVA's narrative excommunication of Fleischmann and Pons | Sci., Technol. Human Values, Vol = 19 | Exclusionary epideictic: NOVA's narrative excommunication of Fleischmann and Pons | history | ||||||||
| 3942 | Journal Article | Sun, Z., Tomanek, D. | 1989 | Cold fusion: how close can deuterium atoms come inside palladium? | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 63, Num = 1, Page = 59 | Cold fusion: how close can deuterium atoms come inside palladium? | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 3943 | Journal Article | Sun, D. L., Lei, Y. Q., Chen, Y. L., Wu, J., Wang, Q. D., Lu, X. N. | 1992 | A study of existing forms of deuterium in palladium by positron lifetime spectroscopy | Chin. Sci. Bull., Vol = 37 | A study of existing forms of deuterium in palladium by positron lifetime spectroscopy | PdD, structure, position | ||||||||
| 3944 | Journal Article | Sun, D. L., Lei, Y. Q., Wu, J., Wang, Q. D., Wang, R. | 1993 | An explanation for the abnormal temperature rise of palladium cathode during electrochemical deuterium charging | Science in China A, Vol = 36 | An explanation for the abnormal temperature rise of palladium cathode during electrochemical deuterium charging | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat | ||||||||
| 3945 | Journal Article | Sun, Y., Yang, Q. D., Zhang, Q. F. | 1999 | Application of real time surveillance technique to precision calorimetry system | Sichuan Lianhe Daxue Xuebao, Gongcheng Kexueban (J. Sichuan Union Univ., Eng. Sci. Ed.), Vol = 3, Num = 6, Page = 119 [in Chinese] | Application of real time surveillance technique to precision calorimetry system | critique, Fleischmann, heat, method | ||||||||
| 3946 | Journal Article | Sundaresan, R., Bockris, J. | 1994 | Anomalous Reactions During Arcing Between Carbon Rods in Water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 26 | Anomalous Reactions During Arcing Between Carbon Rods in Water | transmutation, C, Fe, H2O plasma discharge | Spectroscopically pure carbon rods were subjected to a carbon arc in highly purified water. The arc current varied from 20 to 25 A and was passed intermittently for several hours. The original carbon contained ~2 parts per million (ppm) iron, and the detritus contained up to 286 ppm of iron. The carbon rods remained cool 10 the touch at >2 cm from their tips. Adsorption of iron from water or the surrounding atmosphere was established as not being the cause of the increase of iron. There is a weak correlation between the iron formed and the time of passage of current. When dissolved O2, was replaced by N2 in the solution, no iron was formed. Hence, the mechanism 26C12 + 28O18 -> 26Fe56 + 2He4 was suggested as the origin of the iron. The increase in temperature of the solution was consistent with expectation based on this reaction. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Sundaresananomalousr.pdf | ||||||
| 3947 | Conference Proceedings | Sunden, O. | 1995 | Centripelal de Broglie Wave Fields Connected to Particles at Rest Explain Cold Fusion and Particle-Wave-Duality | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 379 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Centripelal de Broglie Wave Fields Connected to Particles at Rest Explain Cold Fusion and Particle-Wave-Duality | theory, ICCF-5 | The controversy about Cold Fusion 'CF' depends on the fact that the phenomena discovered are not in agreement with present physical theories, like QM and QED. The aim of this paper is to show that a. Time-Space-Oscillation `TSO' connected to matter is a physical perspective able to explain CF and the Particle-Wave-Duality, even able to propose technical means for further development. According to this perspective a particle -even at rest- is joined to a real, centripetal TSO, a 'de Broglie oscillation', instead of a mathematical Schr?inger wave function1). This TSO-field propagates with velocity c toward a focus, where the particle is created as a flickering wave vertex, that can push an instrument trigger. Particles and nuclides including their Coulomb barriers, thus become endowed with phase dependency and a centripetal wave field, that can interfere in slits. This explains the Particle-Wave Duality and why the Coulomb barrier can be tunneled under certain phase conditions.. This TSO-perspective further hints at nuclear reactions of a 'centripetal' kind different from those based on 'translational collisions', described by present high energy physics. It is worth consideration because it gives accurate accounts for physical constants, particle masses and charges, while the nuclides appear as focal resonance-shells, able to arrange acc. to Mendelejev. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=182 | ||
| 3948 | Journal Article | Sundqvist, B. U. R., Haakansson, P., Hedin, A., Bucur, R. V., Johansson, B., Waeppling, R. | 1989 | On the observation of charged particles in cold fusion | Phys. Scr., Vol = 40 | On the observation of charged particles in cold fusion | particle emission, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 3949 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1992 | Quasi-one-dimensional model of electrochemical loading of isotopic fuel into a metal | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Quasi-one-dimensional model of electrochemical loading of isotopic fuel into a metal | theory, electrolysis, Pd, structure | ||||||||
| 3950 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 1993 | A Method to Improve Algorithms Used to Detect Steady State Excess Enthalpy | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 16 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | A Method to Improve Algorithms Used to Detect Steady State Excess Enthalpy | heat, method, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3951 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 1993 | Some Lessons From Optical Examination of the PFC Phase-II Calorimetric Curves | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 19 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Some Lessons From Optical Examination of the PFC Phase-II Calorimetric Curves | Fleischmann, critique, heat, evaluation, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 3952 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 1994 | Generalized Isotopic Fuel Loading Equations | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 134 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Generalized Isotopic Fuel Loading Equations | theory | ||||
| 3953 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1994 | Isotopic Fuel Loading Coupled to Reactions at an Electrode | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 74 | Isotopic Fuel Loading Coupled to Reactions at an Electrode | diffusion, gradient, Pd, deuterium | ||||||||
| 3954 | Report | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | Potential for positional variations in flow calorimetric systems | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 74 | Potential for positional variations in flow calorimetric systems | heat, method critique | ||||||||
| 3955 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | The Relationship between Input Power and Enthalpic Behavior of Nickel Cathodes During Light Water Electrolysis | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 74 | The Relationship between Input Power and Enthalpic Behavior of Nickel Cathodes During Light Water Electrolysis | Ni, H2O, electrolysis, heat, method | ||||||||
| 3956 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | Improved calculations involving energy release using a buoyancy transport correction | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 219 | Improved calculations involving energy release using a buoyancy transport correction | theory, heat, error, critique | ||||||||
| 3957 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | Possible deuterium production from light water excess enthalpy experiments using nickel cathodes | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 68 | Possible deuterium production from light water excess enthalpy experiments using nickel cathodes | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 3958 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | Four Definitions of Power Ratio used to Describe Excess Enthalpy in Solid-State Loading Systems | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 54 | Four Definitions of Power Ratio used to Describe Excess Enthalpy in Solid-State Loading Systems | heat, review | ||||||||
| 3959 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | The Relative Impact of Thermal Stratification of the Air Surrounding a Calorimeter | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 141 | The Relative Impact of Thermal Stratification of the Air Surrounding a Calorimeter | heat, method | ||||||||
| 3960 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | Experiments Using Nickel Cathodes | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 68 | Experiments Using Nickel Cathodes | Ni, electrolysis, H2O, heat | ||||||||
| 3961 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1996 | Hydrogen Redistribution by Catastrophic Desorption in Selected Transition Metals | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 26 | Hydrogen Redistribution by Catastrophic Desorption in Selected Transition Metals | deloading, H2 | ||||||||
| 3962 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1997 | Explanation for Some Difference Between Reports of Excess Heat in Solid State Fusion Experiments | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 1, Page = 60 | Explanation for Some Difference Between Reports of Excess Heat in Solid State Fusion Experiments | proton conductor, critique review heat | ||||||||
| 3963 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1997 | Noise Measurement in Cold Fusion Systems | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 56 | Noise Measurement in Cold Fusion Systems | sound, accoustic electrolysis | ||||||||
| 3964 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1997 | Consistency of the biphasic nature of excess enthalpy in solid-state anomalous phenomena with the quasi-one-dimensional model of isotope loading into a material | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Consistency of the biphasic nature of excess enthalpy in solid-state anomalous phenomena with the quasi-one-dimensional model of isotope loading into a material | Ni, heat, electrolysis, Fe, Al, H2O | ||||||||
| 3965 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1997 | Phusons in nuclear reactions in solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Phusons in nuclear reactions in solids | theory, phuson | ||||||||
| 3966 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1997 | Codeposition of palladium and deuterium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 32 | Codeposition of palladium and deuterium | theory, loading, codeposition, Pd, PdD, diffision | ||||||||
| 3967 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 1998 | Optimal Operating Point Characteristics of Nickel Light Water Experiments | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 371 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Optimal Operating Point Characteristics of Nickel Light Water Experiments | H2O, Ni, heat+, electrolysis, OOP, ICCF-7 | ||||
| 3968 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1998 | The Importance of Controlling Zero-Input Electrical Power Offset | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 14 | The Importance of Controlling Zero-Input Electrical Power Offset | heat, method | ||||||||
| 3969 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1999 | Further confirmation of optimal operating point behavior | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 14 | Further confirmation of optimal operating point behavior | OOP, theory | ||||||||
| 3970 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1999 | Optimal Operating Point Analysis of Dr. Mizuno's, Dr. Arata's and Other Data | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 14 | Optimal Operating Point Analysis of Dr. Mizuno's, Dr. Arata's and Other Data | OOP | ||||||||
| 3971 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1999 | Patterns of success in research involving low energy nuclear reactions- A metanalysis | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 1, Page = 14 | Patterns of success in research involving low energy nuclear reactions- A metanalysis | history | ||||||||
| 3972 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Frank, A. H., Fox, H. | 1999 | Importance of nondimensional numbers in cold fusion | Symposium on New Energy | Salt Lake City, UT | Aug. 27-28, 1999 | Importance of nondimensional numbers in cold fusion | OOP, theory | ||||||
| 3973 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M. | 1999 | Bremsstrahlung in Hot and Cold Fusion | J. New Energy, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 90-101 | Bremsstrahlung in Hot and Cold Fusion | radiation | ||||||||
| 3974 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 1999 | Generality of Optimal Operating Point Behavior in Low Energy Nuclear Systems | J. New Energy, Vol = 4, Num = 2, Page = 218-228 | Generality of Optimal Operating Point Behavior in Low Energy Nuclear Systems | OOP | ||||||||
| 3975 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2000 | Summary of the seventh international conference on cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Summary of the seventh international conference on cold fusion | review | ||||||||
| 3976 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Frank, A. H. | 2002 | The impact of heavy water (D2O) on nickel-light water cold fusion systems | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | The impact of heavy water (D2O) on nickel-light water cold fusion systems 4041 | electrolysis, D2O, H2O, heat, Ni | |||||
| 3977 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 2003 | Photoinduced Excess Heat from Laser-Irradiated Electrically-Polarized Palladium Cathodes in D2O | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | in print | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Photoinduced Excess Heat from Laser-Irradiated Electrically-Polarized Palladium Cathodes in D2O | Excess heat, calorimeter | |||||
| 3978 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M. | 2003 | Excess Heat from Low Electrical Conductivity Heavy Water Spiral-Wound Pd/D2O/Pt and Pd/D2O-PdCl2/Pt Devices | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | in print | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Excess Heat from Low Electrical Conductivity Heavy Water Spiral-Wound Pd/D2O/Pt and Pd/D2O-PdCl2/Pt Devices | Excess heat, calorimeter | |||||
| 3979 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 2003 | Can a Pd/D2O/Pt Device be Made Portable to Demonstrate the Optimal Operationg Point | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | in print | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Can a Pd/D2O/Pt Device be Made Portable to Demonstrate the Optimal Operationg Point | Excess heat, calorimeter | |||||
| 3980 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 2008 | Optimal Operating Point Manifolds in Active, Loaded Palladium Linked to Three Distinct Physical Regions | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Optimal Operating Point Manifolds in Active, Loaded Palladium Linked to Three Distinct Physical Regions | Theory | |||||||
| 3981 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 2008 | Excess Power Gain using High Impedance and Codepositional LANR Devices Monitored by Calorimetry, Heat Flow, and Paired Stirling Engines | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Excess Power Gain using High Impedance and Codepositional LANR Devices Monitored by Calorimetry, Heat Flow, and Paired Stirling Engines | Excess heat | |||||||
| 3982 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R. | 2008 | Electrical Breakeven from LANR Phusor Device Systems: Relative Limitations of Thermal Loss in Feedback Loop | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Electrical Breakeven from LANR Phusor Device Systems: Relative Limitations of Thermal Loss in Feedback Loop | Excess power | |||||||
| 3983 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R., Forsley, L. | 2008 | Analysis of 'Superwave-as-Transitory-OOP-Peak' Hypothesis | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Analysis of 'Superwave-as-Transitory-OOP-Peak' Hypothesis | Theory | |||||||
| 3984 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M. | 2008 | The Phusor LANR Cathode is a Metamaterial which Creates Deuteron Flux for Excess Power Gain | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | The Phusor LANR Cathode is a Metamaterial which Creates Deuteron Flux for Excess Power Gain | Theory | |||||||
| 3985 | Conference Proceedings | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Weinberg, A. | 2008 | Non-Thermal Near-IR Emission from High Impedance and Codeposition LANR Devices | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Non-Thermal Near-IR Emission from High Impedance and Codeposition LANR Devices | radiation | |||||||
| 3986 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2011 | Impact of an Applied Magnetic Field on a High Impedance Dual Anode LANR Device | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Impact of an Applied Magnetic Field on a High Impedance Dual Anode LANR Device | Deuterium, Deuterons, Excess heat, Excess power gain, Flux, Lattice assisted nuclear reactions, Loading, Metamaterials, Nanostructures, Optimal operating point, Palladium | This paper reports on the impact of an applied magnetic field intensity on LANR solution electrical resistance and an analysis of its role in metal deuteride loading and LANR performance. A dual anode PHUSOR?-type Pd/D2O/Au LANR device was driven at its optimal operating point, with two electrical current sources; to drive, and examine by 4-terminal electrical resistance, the loaded PdDx cathode. An applied magnetic field ~0.3 T increases the LANR solution?? electrical resistance ~10-17% with a time constant in minutes. The incremental resistance increase to an applied H-field is greatest at low loading current. The incremental resistance increase from an applied H-field is greatest with the applied H-field perpendicular to the driving electrical field (E-field) intensity. The modified LANR deuteron loading rate equation indicates that an applied magnetic field intensity increases deuteron loading in a LANR system by the increasing solution resistance and limiting undesired gas evolving reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=101 | ||||||
| 3987 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2012 | LANR Nanostructures and Metamaterials Driven at their Optimal Operating Point | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | LANR Nanostructures and Metamaterials Driven at their Optimal Operating Point | Deuterium, Lattice-assisted nuclear reactions, Loading flux, Metamaterials, Nanostructures, OOP manifolds, Optimal operating point, Palladium | In lattice-assisted nuclear reactions (LANR, or LENR), the size and structural metamaterial shape of Pd-D nanostructures, and the deuterium flux through them all play decisive roles. The spiral Phusor?-type cathode system with open helical cylindrical geometry in a high electrical resistance solution is a LANR metamaterial design creating an unusual electric field distribution and requisite intrapalladial deuteron flow. Optimal operating point (OOP) technology allows improved and more reproducible operation. LANR power gain can be considerable. In situ imaging has revealed that the excess power gain is linked to non-thermal near-IR emission when the LANR devices are operated at their OOP. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=158 | ||||||
| 3988 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2014 | Demonstration of Energy Gain from a Preloaded ZrO2-PdD Nanostructured CF/LANR Quantum Electronic Device at MIT | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 516-527 Demonstration of Energy Gain from a Preloaded ZrO2-PdD Nanostructured CF/LANR Quantum Electronic Device at MIT | Dry, NANOR, Preloading, Reproducibility | A self-contained, preloaded CF/LANR quantum electronic component, a NANOR-type LANR device containing active ZrO2?dD nanostructured material at its core, showed energy gain during, and after, the January, 2012 IAP MIT Course on CF/LANR. The Series VI two terminal device featured new composition, structure, and superior handling properties. Most importantly it was preloaded so that LANR activation is separated from loading. The calorimeter had parallel diagnostics, including heat flow measurement, and calibrations included an ohmic (thermal) control located next to the NANOR-type device. The preloaded LANR device demonstrated energy gain which ranged generally from 5 to 16. It was 14.1 energy gain while the MIT IAP course was ongoing. During February and March, through a range of experiments, the NANOR continued to produce excess energy, confirmed by daily calibrations. This open demonstration has confirmed the existence, reproducibility, and improved control of CF/LANR reactions, and as importantly, has shown a possibly superior preloaded nanostructured LANR material and driving device. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=526 | ||||||
| 3989 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Tolleson, J. | 2014 | Energy Gain From Preloaded ZrO2-PdNi-D Nanostructured CF/LANR Quantum Electronic Components | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 516-527 Energy Gain From Preloaded ZrO2-PdNi-D Nanostructured CF/LANR Quantum Electronic Components | Dry cold fusion, NANOR, Preloading, ZrO2PdNiD, ZrO2PdD | Previously, we reported that such nanocomposite ZrO2?dNiD LANR materials have been made into LANR/CF transistors which exhibit energy gain and simultaneous non-thermal near infrared emission. This is accompanied by complicated polarization/transconduction phenomena including an avalanche transconduction electrical breakdown, which has a critical role in excess heat generation. This paper presents a new generation of preloaded LANR (CF) activated nanocomposite ZrO2?dNiD CF/LANR quantum electronic devices capable of energy gain. These devices dry, glued into electrically conductive, sealed, configurations. The core is ZrO2?(PdNiD) with additional D2 and H2. They are self-contained CF/LANR quantum electronic components containing ZrO2?dNi? LANR/CF nanostructured materials which generate significant excess heat from applied electric fields. They also feature two terminals and self-contained superior handling properties enabling portability and transportability. Most importantly, the activation of the desired LANR reactions is, for the first time, separated from the loading of the substrate. Although their development has required control of their breakdown states and the quenching tendencies of nanostructured materials, these ZrO2?dNiD CF/LANR quantum electronic devices are potentially very useful because they are reproducible active nanostructured CF/LANR quantum electronic devices. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=538 | ||||||
| 3990 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2014 | Transient Vacancy Phase States in Palladium after High Dose-rate Electron Beam Irradiation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 50-60 Transient Vacancy Phase States in Palladium after High Dose-rate Electron Beam Irradiation | CF materials, Electrode Irradiation, Fukai states, Superabundant vacancies, Vacancy phase metals | A high voltage electron irradiator was used to generate high vacancy content VP metal samples. High Frenkel defects (FD) content (vacancy phase) metal samples of Pd and Ni were generated by a single treatment with a high voltage electron irradiator (2.5 MV electrons, 2500 Gray/s dose rate, single portal, 1.50?3.0 megaGray midplane dose) at room temperature. These irradiationsynthesized, vacancy-phase (ISVP) metals were examined for their room-temperature annealing rate using four-terminal conductivity measurements. We show that high dose rate supervoltage irradiated palladium and nickel can achieve saturation densities of defects at the level of a few tenths percent and that level can be followed with the appearance of lattice quakes repairing the damage. The most heavily irradiated samples developed incremental electrical resistivities of '4 ?!-cm, with rapid recovery consistent with room-temperature annealing. The early labile vacancy phase state of ISVP metals has a half-life '2.5 h. Lattice quakes are observed when electrical transconduction spectroscopy is used to monitor the lattice healing and vacancy recombination. The irradiation produced an effective increase in the cross-sectional area of the palladium wires (99.98%) pure) of '2.5% at 3 megaGray delivered, consistent with the literature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=56 | ||||||
| 3991 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Tolleson, J., Wright, L., Goldbaum, R., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Amplification and Restoration of Energy Gain Using Fractionated Magnetic Fields on ZrO2?dD Nanostructured Components | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 66 Amplification and Restoration of Energy Gain Using Fractionated Magnetic Fields on ZrO2?dD Nanostructured Components | Fractionated magnetic fields, Magnetic field intensities, ZrO2PdD, Magnetic fields and CF/LANR | Lattice Assisted Nuclear Reactions (LANR) (CF) activated nanocomposite ZrO2?dNiD CF/LANR components are capable of significant energy gain over long periods of time with reproducibility and controllability. We report the response of such active components to steady and dynamic applied magnetic field intensities up to 1.5 T changing with a 0.1 ms rise time. Power gain was determined by the triple verified system of dT/Pin, HF/Pin, and calorimetry. Fractionated magnetic fields have a significant, unique amplification effect. Residual, late-appearing effects are complex. Importantly, at higher input electrical currents, high intensity fractionated magnetic fields demonstrate their own, new optimal operating point (OOP) manifold curve. This suggests that cold fusion (LANR) is the first stage, and may be mediated by other than phonons. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=73 | ||||||
| 3992 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Tolleson, J., Wright, L., Goldbaum, R., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Imaging of an Active NANOR(TM)-type LANR Component using CR-39 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | Imaging of an Active NANOR-type LANR Component using CR-39 | CR-39 Imaging, Imaging CF/LANR Systems, Preloaded CF/LANR component, ZrO2PdD | This effort examined CR-39 chips exposed to a ZrO2-PdD NANOR-type CF/LANR component exhibiting significant energy. There was a fall-off in pit count with increasing distance from the operating system. Most interestingly, the CR-39 over the device essentially imaged the active CF/LANR device at very low resolution. Large tracks were the most effective for imaging. Smaller and mid-sized tracks appear to be useful for measuring fall off of the chip irradiation as a function of distance. The conclusion is that CF/LANR is a nuclear process, and for this system at this power level, the quantitative amount is measurable in a spatial, controllable, pattern. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=88 | ||||||
| 3993 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2015 | Incremental High Energy Emission from a ZrO2?dD Nanostructured Quantum Electronic Component CF/LANR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 92 Incremental High Energy Emission from a ZrO2?dD Nanostructured Quantum Electronic Component CF/LANR | High energy CF/LANR emission, Preloaded CF/LANR component, quantum electronic cold fusion component, ZrO2-PdD CF/LANR nanostructure | In situ measurement for possible incremental penetrating ionizing radiation output from an activated nanocomposite ZrO2?dD CF/LANR component revealed a barely detectable, incremental emission when there was significant energy gain. The autonomous driver minimized background radiobiological interference. This effort demonstrates that CF/LANR is relatively safe, with penetrating ionizing emissions, at these power levels, of lower biological impact than typical background sources. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=98 | ||||||
| 3994 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2015 | Entrepreneurial Efforts: Cold Fusion Research at JET Energy Leads to Innovative, Dry Components | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 102 Entrepreneurial Efforts: Cold Fusion Research at JET Energy Leads to Innovative, Dry Components | Dry cold fusion component, NANOR, Preloaded cold fusion component, Preloaded energy production | Dry, preloaded NANOR-type technology makes cold fusion (LANR) reactions more accessible. These self-contained, twoterminal nanocomposite components have at their core PdD and NiD nanostructured material. Their CF/LANR/CF activation is separated from their loading, and yields up to 20 times input; characterized by reasonable reproducibility and controllability. With an excess power density of 19,500 W/kg, and zero-carbon footprint, could these ready-to-be-activated NANOR-type LANR components/systems/materials be the future of clean efficient energy production? | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=109 | ||||||
| 3995 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Tolleson, J., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Dry, preloaded NANOR(TM)-type CF/LANR components | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 595 Dry, preloaded NANOR (R)-type CF/LANR components | |||||||||
| 3996 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Verner, G. M., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2016 | Impact of Electrical Avalanche through a ZrO2?iD Nanostructured CF/LANR Component on its Incremental Excess Power Gain | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 287 Impact of Electrical Avalanche through a ZrO2?iD Nanostructured CF/LANR Component on its Incremental Excess Power Gain | Deuterated nickel, Nanomaterials, Nanostructured ZrO2, ZrO2?iD | Cold fusion nanomaterials, in general, and NANOR R-type LANR components (derived from them), in particular, have two distinct regions of performance on each side of the electrical avalanche. This had lead to the identification of three (3) distinct regions of their electrical operation. We now report that the optimal power gain of NANOR R-type cold fusion components is found far below the breakdown voltage and that the power gain decreases continuously as the electrical avalanche threshold is approached. Beyond the region of electrical avalanche, the previously active preloaded LANR quantum electronic components then give a thermal output similar to a standard ohmic control (a carbon composition resistor). Therefore, use of this technique of driving an active CF/LANR nanomaterial component into, and beyond, their avalanche threshold, provides verification of the excess heat an additional way, which confirms that the calorimetry was calibrated. Also, this investigation indicates where, on the input power axis, to drive them for a maximum effective use. We also report that deuterium can fuel nanomaterial ZrO2?i systems, consistent with the previously report involving aqueous CF/LANR systems by Swartz et al. (ICCF-9). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=295 | ||||||
| 3997 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2016 | Optical Detection of Phonon Gain Distinguishes an Active Cold Fusion/LANR component (3) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 20 | 29 Optical Detection of Phonon Gain Distinguishes an Active Cold Fusion/LANR component (3) | Avalanche mode, CMORE spectroscopy, Excess heat mode, NANOR, Phonon gain | Successful cold fusion is heralded by a large, if not quite abnormal, increase in the anti-Stokes to Stokes (aS/S) ratio in coherent multi-wavelength optical reflection volume-enhanced electric-driven spectroscopy (CMORE-spectroscopy). This distinguishing phonon gain is not seen in the ?ff? state or the avalanche (undesirable) mode. It heralds seven acoustic phonons assisting nuclear reactions and a core peak calculated Stokes temperature of circa 1645 K. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondenseds.pdf#page=34 | ||||||
| 3998 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2017 | Oscillating Excess Power Gain and Magnetic Domains in NANOR(TM) -type CF/LANR Components | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | Oscillating Excess Power Gain and Magnetic Domains in NANOR(TM) -type CF/LANR Components | LANR, Magnetic domains, Magnetism, NANOR, Oscillating power gain | Post-magnetization effects, both significant and time-variant, were observed in NANOR (R) -type CF/LANR components. In contrast to previously observed exponential falloffs of sample activity (peak incremental excess power gain), post-magnetization activity demonstrates oscillatory activity. This paper reports an analysis of the force density and expected theoretical frequency for oscillations, which have already been observed to exist between these magnetic domains after magnetization, calculated by using the Maxwell stress tensor. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedu.pdf#page=40 | ||||||
| 3999 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2017 | Increased PdD anti-Stokes Peaks are Correlated with Excess Heat Mode | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Increased PdD anti-Stokes Peaks are Correlated with Excess Heat Mode | Avalanche mode, CMORE spectroscopy, Excess heat mode, NANOR-type LANR component, Phonon gain | Volume-enhanced Coherent Multi-wavelength Optical Reflection Electric-driven (CMORE) spectroscopy successfully differentiates active states in LANR nanomaterials. All the anti-Stokes peaks are relatively missing in the undriven mode for all of the nanostructured materials. Weak anti-Stokes peaks are elicited from Pd (and Ni and their alloy) nanostructured material in ZrO2. But when NANOR-type components are electrically driven, there is diversity in outcome. When driven in the avalanche mode, the anti-Stokes peaks differ considerably from those which appear during the excess heat (XSH)-producing or desired mode. The anti-Stokes peak(s) differ in energy, amount, and in what stimulates their appearance. However, normal anti-Stokes peaks return when the electrical drive creates ?valanche mode? characterized by higher electrical current at decreasing voltage. The avalanche anti-Stokes peaks are many, and they are lower energy than the XSH mode produced anti-Stokes peak (described main text). By contrast, successful cold fusion is heralded by a large increase in the anti-Stokes to Stokes (aS/S) ratio, and the generated anti-Stokes peak for the desired and XSH-producing state is very different from the avalanche-generated multiple anti-Stokes peaks. That XSHrelated peak is singular and at higher energy. This distinguishing, higher energy, single, anti-Stokes peak is also not seen in the ?ff? state or the avalanche (undesirable) mode. Our analysis finds that the excess-heat produced anti-Stokes peak is matched to the Stokes line of PdD. We also find that the several lower energy anti-Stokes in avalanche mode (unsuccessful regarding CF/LANR) are matched to the many Stokes peaks for zirconia. In the desired electric-driven XSH-producing mode, the two-terminal deuterided NANORr-type CF/LANR component has a measured Boltzmann Stokes ratio ~1.3. Analysis of the phonon gain heralds ~7^+/- 0 15 acoustic phonons assisting nuclear reactions and a core peak calculated Stokes temperature of circa 1645 K. Therefore, these findings confirm a role for PdD acoustic phonons in successful CF/LANR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=142 | ||||||
| 4000 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2017 | Quasiparticles, Collective Excitations and Higher-order Collective Quasi-excitations in Lattice Assisted Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Quasiparticles, Collective Excitations and Higher-order Collective Quasi-excitations in Lattice Assisted Nuclear Reactions | Coherent excitations, Collective excitations, LANR, Phonons, Quasiparticle | Quasiparticles and collective excitations are similar in that they arise de novo from material interactions. They are in need of classi?cation and important because some of them are highly relevant to successful lattice assisted nuclear reactions (LANR). This report reviews this classi?cation along with discussion of their impact on our ability to enable LANR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=32 | ||||||
| 4001 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2018 | Increase of an Anti-Stokes Peak at the Cathode of an Electrically Driven, Active Aqueous Nickel/H2O/Pt System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Increase of an Anti-Stokes Peak at the Cathode of an Electrically Driven, Active Aqueous Nickel/H2O/Pt System | Anti-Stokes, CMORE spectroscopy, Excess heat mode, Lattice assisted nuclear reactions, Phonon gain, PHUSOR-type component, Spectroscopy | Coherent Multiwavelength Optical Reflection Electric-driven (CMORE) spectroscopy offers investigators of condensed matter nuclear science a new diagnostic ? in addition to calorimetry and detection of classic emissions. The fact that these discerning spectra occur at the beginning of an experimental run before the temperature and calorimetry can respond in both nanomaterials, and now aqueous systems as reported here, is of tremendous potential value to experimentalists because it may enable avoiding inactive modes and undesired quenching reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=28 | ||||||
| 4002 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R., Ahern, B. S., Haldemann, C., Weinberg, A. | 2019 | Excess Heat is Linked to Deuterium Loss in an Aqueous Nickel LANR System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Excess Heat is Linked to Deuterium Loss in an Aqueous Nickel LANR System | Deuterium, Deuterium loss, LANR, Palladium | These results indicate a loss of deuterium (more precisely, 'deuterons') from ordinary water when excess heat is observed in an aqueous Ni CF/LANR system (Ni/ordinaryH2O/Pt) using a very large cathodic area. The exit gas, from the enclosed electrolytic cell, had an HD/H2 isotopic ratio (3/2 ratio) which was significantly less than originally. When using V*I as electrical input power, the maximum incremental power gain was ~4 times electrical input; this occurred at lower electrical input power. The maximum excess power was circa 5 W. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=178 | ||||||
| 4003 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2019 | Aqueous and Nanostructured CF/LANR Systems Each has Two Electrically Driven Modes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Aqueous and Nanostructured CF/LANR Systems Each has Two Electrically Driven Modes | Biphasic response, CMORE spectroscopy, Excess heat mode, Quenching, Two modes, Two states | An important difficulty to overcome for success in this field is the recognition and control of the two different electrically driven modes for both aqueous and nanostructured CF/LANR systems. Only one state is the active, desired, excess heat (XSH)-producing state (??ode?). This is demonstrated by presenting calorimetry and other measurements of both modes during a single run, and by confirmation using CMORE spectroscopy. It is fortunate that LANR systems, when active, have distinct calorimetric and CMORE anti-Stokes-XSH linked signatures, because it explains why some CF/LANR systems fail to create 'excess heat' (XSH), and reveals unwanted reactions, XSH-quenching reactions and pathways. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=186 | ||||||
| 4004 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2019 | Comparison of NANOR(TM)-type LANR Components to 238Pu as a Heat Source for Space Flight | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Comparison of NANOR(TM)-type LANR Components to 238Pu as a Heat Source for Space Flight | Electricity production, NANOR(TM)-type component, Plutonium, Safety, Space exploration, Space power delivery, Ther?oelectricity | Plutonium-238 creates heat by its natural radioactive decay to alpha particles and generates electricity using thermoelectric genera?ors (0.57 W/g, but 25 mW/g when shielding and supports are considered). The technology has been proven to work on more than two dozen US space vehicles. Yet, two problems exist: (1) NASA has currently only 1 kg of isotope exceeding the specifications requisite for space power delivery and (2) the safety of 238Pu. There is a need to consider alternative LANR systems. As a heat producing source, the Series 6 NANOR(R)-type components deliver up to 150 mW of excess power, and so less than a dozen of them could replace 1 g of 238Pu in the power density metric. If present limitation of higher temperatures can be achieved, then the most efficient and safe deep space energy production systems in the future may include preloaded LANR components. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=247 | ||||||
| 4005 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2020 | Investigations of ?eat after Death? Analysis of the Factors which Determine the Tardive Thermal Power and HAD Enthalpy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | Investigations of ?eat after Death? Analysis of the Factors which Determine the Tardive Thermal Power and HAD Enthalpy | Heat after death, Heterodyne excess power, Lumped parameter, Lumped component, Phusorr, Phusorr-type component, Tardive thermal power | This report closely examines the heat energy generated during the discharge period after cessation of all input electrical power to active CF/LANR components (?eat after Death? or ?AD? energy). This is potentially a very important source of energy because the techniques shown here, can increase the excess energy gain of CF/LANR reactions by at least 410%. In addition, by monitoring both the calorimetry and the Voc, detailed knowledge of the deuteron distribution and flows within the palladium are revealed. These experiments revealed that initially only one in 2300 deuterons takes part in the desired reactions of HAD excess enthalpy production, for a net utilization of 0.04% of the loaded deuterons at that time. This decreases over time. Integrated over the entire HAD regime, this deuteron participation levels falls, and eventually only 1 in 106 deuterons participates in the desired fusion reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=25 | ||||||
| 4006 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2020 | Active LANR Systems Emit a 327.37 MHz Maser Line | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Active LANR Systems Emit a 327.37 MHz Maser Line | Active site, Deuteron line, Deuterium line, LANR maser, Maser, Zeeman splitting | Active LANR systems, both aqueous and dry preloaded nanomaterials, emit very narrow bandwidth radio frequency (RF) hyperfine emission peaks (ca. 327.37 MHz) very close to the Deuterium Line (DL). In a Fabry?erot structure, two electrically driven PdD-ZrO2 preloaded components produce a solid state DL maser when driven above a threshold voltage, and below their electrical avalanche breakdown voltage. When the systems are electrically driven at higher applied voltage, a superhyperfine structure of sidebands appears with significant local in situ information. The RF emission proves that D is the LANR fuel and demonstrates that the deuteron, in the excited pre-4He state, is a free radical emitting from an FCC vacancy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=87 | ||||||
| 4007 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2020 | Pulsatile Superhyperfine Lines at 327.37 MHz Herald LANR Activity and Possible Mass-Energy Transfer | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Pulsatile Superhyperfine Lines at 327.37 MHz Herald LANR Activity and Possible Mass-Energy Transfer | Atomic deuteron, Deuterium, LANR hyperfine lines, Pulsing superhyperfine line, Superhyperfine spectra, Resonance broadening, Vacancy active site | Active lattice assisted nuclear reaction (LANR) systems, both aqueous and dry preloaded nanomaterials, emit very narrow bandwidth hyperfine radiofrequency (RF) emission peaks at 327.37 MHz. This is located very close to the theoretical Deuteron-Line (DL; 327.348 MHz) region. At higher applied driving voltages, a complex superhyperfine line structure of sidebands appears. At least some of their emitting RF radiation superhyperfine line peaks, heralding the inverted population, are observed to be apparently pulsing. This may be a sign of real time mass-energy transfers within the high loaded Group VIII lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=117 | ||||||
| 4008 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2020 | FCC Vacancies in ZrO2PdD are the Active LANR Site | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | FCC Vacancies in ZrO2PdD are the Active LANR Site | Cold fusion maser, Deuterium, Deuterium line, Free radical deuteron, Resonance broadening, Spectra, Superhyperfine, Superhyperfine lines, Vacancies | Active lattice assisted nuclear reaction (LANR) systems emit very narrow bandwidth hyperfine radiofrequency (RF) emission peaks (ca. 327.37 MHz) signaling their LANR activity. This RF frequency is very close to the theoretical Deuteron-Line (DL; 327.348 MHz) proving that D is the fuel. Neither the maser emission, nor the revealing sidebands (superhyperfine structure) appear when the components are electrically driven at subthreshold voltage or when driven in electrical avalanche mode. The RF emission sidebands provide unique information about the conditions of the desired active LANR state. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=132 | ||||||
| 4009 | Journal Article | Swartz, M. R. | 2020 | Buoyant Heat Transport in Flow Calorimetry | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Buoyant Heat Transport in Flow Calorimetry | Benard instability, Buoyancy correction, Buoyancy heat transport, Flow calorimetry, Flow calorimetry correction | Reported ?'excess heat' by flow calorimetric systems may be false positive or inflated, if the information was collected with temperature probes at two different heights or in the absence of confirmatory thermal Joule calibrations and ?B correction. This is especially true at higher temperatures. The non-dimensional number (?B), which is the ratio of heat transported by the buoyant forces caused by any inhomogeneous temperature distribution to the heat transported by the expected solution convection, can yield an improved semiquantitative estimate of the actual gain: Power Gain(corrected)= Power Gain(indicated) * (1 - ?B). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=274 | ||||||
| 4010 | Journal Article | Switendick, A. C. | 1991 | Electronic structure and stability of palladium hydrogen (deuterium) systems, PdH(D)n, 1*n*3 | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 172-174 | Electronic structure and stability of palladium hydrogen (deuterium) systems, PdH(D)n, 1*n*3 | theory, structure, PdD2, PdD3 | ||||||||
| 4011 | Journal Article | Szalewicz, K., Morgan, J. D., Monkhurst, H. J. | 1989 | Fusion rates for hydrogen isotopic molecules of relevance for 'cold fusion' | Phys. Rev. A: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 5, Page = 2824 | Fusion rates for hydrogen isotopic molecules of relevance for 'cold fusion' | theory, energy | ||||||||
| 4012 | Journal Article | Szeflinski, Z., Kozlowski, M., Osuch, S., Sawicki, P., Szeflinska, G., Wilhelmi, Z., Starowieyski, K. B., Tkacz, M. | 1992 | Upper limit of neutron emission from the chemical reaction of LiD with heavy water | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 168 | Upper limit of neutron emission from the chemical reaction of LiD with heavy water | LiD, chemical, neutron | ||||||||
| 4013 | Journal Article | Szklarczyk, M., Kainthla, R. C., Bockris, J. | 1989 | On the Dielectric Breakdown of Water: An Electrochemical Approach | J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol = 136 | On the Dielectric Breakdown of Water: An Electrochemical Approach | H2O, breakdown | The dielectric breakdown of water under static fields has been studied by i-V relation for 6 metals. The relations are quasi-linear up to a current density of a few A/cm^2. The limiting current continues for a few volts to a few hundred volts, depending on the metal. a glow develops at the electrode and becomes continuous at the end of the plateau, where the cd increases irregularly(breakdown). The breakdown potential does not depend on the field in the water. It occurs at about the same cd for most metals. When electrolytes are added, the cell potential at the breakdown is increased. Adsorbed layers and organic coatings increase the breakdown potential. Electrical energy storage in water is increased by ~10 times by coatings. The breakdown potential decreases with increase of the log of rate constant for H evolution on the various electrodes and with corresponding work function. The cell potentials for breakdown correspond to fields in the dielectric below that needed to dissociate it. The limiting current is caused by the formation of a H2-steam layer at the interface, which causes increase in the electrode potential at constant current. The H2-steam layer plasmolyzes. When the Fermi level in the cathode reaches the conduction band of water, electrons enter the water and remain stable therein. They interact nonadiabatically with water and are .the head of streamers. An analogous model holds for holes in the valence band. 'Dielectric breakdown' depends on the Fermi level of the electrons in the condenser plate and the semiconductor characteristics of water. It can be eliminated by modifying the electrode surface. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Szklarczykonthediele.pdf | ||||||
| 4014 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J. | 1991 | Reliable Procedure for the Initiation of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 87 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Reliable Procedure for the Initiation of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect | Pd, D2O, tritium, co-deposition, ICCF-2, electrolysis | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. Statistics on the initiation of the Fleischmann-Pons effect are rather poor. Reports presented at the First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion have indicated that, at best, only ca 1/10 of all attempts were successful in either producing excess enthalpy or yielding products associated with nuclear reactions. Here, we show that the Fleischmann-Pons effect can be reproducibly and rapidly initiated by employing electrodes prepared by electrodeposition from Pd2+ salts in the presence of evolving deuterium. The effectiveness of this procedure is examined in terms of tritium production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSreliablepr.pdf | ||
| 4015 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J. | 1991 | On the behavior of Pd deposited in the presence of evolving deuterium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 302 | On the behavior of Pd deposited in the presence of evolving deuterium | co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, heat+, film | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. ABSTRACT Recently, Fleischmann et al. [1] reported that nuclear events can occur when deuterium is electrochemically compressed within the Pd-lattice. These events were reported to produce excess enthalpy, tritium, and neutrons. The exact nature of these events and the conditions leading to their initiation are poorly understood. In fact, the existence of such events is questioned by many [2]. The present position among those investigating this problem [3] is as follows: enthalpy production is a non-steady state process whose rate depends on the nature of the electrode material; however, the observed steady state production arises from an averaging of small perturbations. Nuclear events are believed to occur on the electrode surface as well as within the electrode interior. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSonthebehav.pdf | ||||||
| 4016 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Gabriel, C. J., Smith, J. J., Nowak, R. J. | 1991 | Electrochemical charging of Pd rods | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 309 | Electrochemical charging of Pd rods | Pd, loading, electrolysis, OCV, diffusion | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. Abstract: A model describing the electrochemical charging of Pd rods is presented. The essential feature of this model is the coupling of the interfacial processes with the transport of interstitials in the electrode interior. It is shown that boundary conditions arise from the solution of equations governing the elementary adsorption-desorption and adsorption-absorption steps and the symmetry of the electrode. Effects of the choice of rate constants of the elementary steps and the charging current on the surface coverage, the electrode potential and the time required to complete electrode charging are examined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSelectroche.pdf | ||||||
| 4017 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J. | 1992 | Comments on Methodology of Excess Tritium Determination | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 515 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Comments on Methodology of Excess Tritium Determination | tritium, detection, method, ICCF-3 | This paper is available as a single file (here), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. Three methods of tritium data analysis are considered?omparison between experimental and theoretical data, total mass balance and curve-fitting. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakScommentson.pdf | ||
| 4018 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Scharber, S. R. | 1992 | Charging of the Pd/(n)H system: role of the interphase | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 337 | Charging of the Pd/(n)H system: role of the interphase | electrolysis, Pd, surface, OCV, loading | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. The dynamics of transport of electrochemically generated deuterium across the electrode/electrolyte interphase was examined by slow scan (10 mV s-1) voltammetry. The investigation covers the potential range -1.2 to +0.4 V measured vs. an Ag/AgCl reference. It was found that a coupled, twolayer model of the interphase describes the observed behavior as a function of scan rate and electrolyte composition. The effect of chemisorbing species, e.g. CN- ions, as well as reactive species, e.g. SC(NH_)2, on the transport across the interphase is also discussed. Results are contrasted with those obtained for light water. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSchargingof.pdf | ||||||
| 4019 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gabriel, C. J. | 1994 | Absorption of deuterium in palladium rods: Model vs. experiment | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 365 | Absorption of deuterium in palladium rods: Model vs. experiment | D2O, Pd, electrolysis, loading | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. The electrochemical charging of Pd rods by deuterium involves a complex coupling of electrochemical, interfacial and transport processes. In order to predict the overpotential, surface coverage and bulk loading of the electrode during charging, a model has been developed that incorporates the essential features of these processes and involves variables such as the electrochemical rate constants, the bulk diffusion coefficient and the charging current. Features of the computed time dependence of the bulk loading are then compared with published experimental charging curves. New microscopic observations and X-ray diffraction data provide further evidence for the details of the charging process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSabsorption.pdf | ||||||
| 4020 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Boss, R. D. | 1994 | Comments on the analysis of tritium content in electrochemical cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 373 | Comments on the analysis of tritium content in electrochemical cells | tritium, theory, method, electrolysis | INTRODUCTION Following the report by Fleischmann and Pons [1] in 1989 that nuclear events, including the production of tritium, can be initiated in electrochemical cells during the electrolysis of heavy water on Pd cathodes, tritium production has been claimed in a number of publications, a list of which was compiled by Storms [2] and more recently reviewed by Chien et al. [3]. However, substantial difficulties have been encountered in reproducing reported data and considerable controversy remains concerning the occurrence of such events, including tritium production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakScommentsona.pdf | ||||||
| 4021 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J. | 1994 | Deuterium uptake during Pd-D codeposition | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 379 | Deuterium uptake during Pd-D codeposition | Pd, codeposition, loading, electrolysis, D2O | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. ABSTRACT The mode of deuterium uptake during Pd-D co-deposition has been explored using galvanostatic perturbation techniques. The resultant potential relaxation curves exhibit four distinct potential?ime intervals where the relaxation process is controlled by the interaction between the transport of deuterium from the lattice to the surface to form adsorbed deuterium and the reduction of palladium from solution. These interactions are discussed in terms of the palladium + electrolyte interphase. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSdeuteriumu.pdf | ||||||
| 4022 | Report | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 1995 | Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 379 | Office of Naval Research | Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System | heat He Pd, D2O, electrolysis | This report includes an introduction and a number of reprinted papers. The papers are also available as individual files in this library. INTRODUCTION These introductory remarks illustrate the controversial climate that existed when the NRaD program investigated the anomalous effects the Pd/D system exhibited. These effects included, among others, excess enthalpy production at rates exceeding those usually associated with chemical reactions. The controversy concerns the origin of the observed excess enthalpy which, according to Fleischmann and Pons, is due to room temperature nuclear events involving deuterons present within the Pd lattice, hence, the term cold fusion. To avoid unnecessary arguments, this report refers to the phenomenon as the Fleishmann-Pons (FP) effect. | TR 1696 http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSanomalousb.pdf | |||||
| 4023 | Report | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 1995 | Calorimetry of Open Electrolysis Cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 379 | Naval Control, Command and Ocean Surveillance Center, RDT&E Division | Calorimetry of Open Electrolysis Cells | calorimetry heat | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. ABSTRACT A special case of calorimetry of open electrochemical cells, that employing adiabatic enclosures, is examined. Conditions for an experimental realization of such enclosures is discussed in detail. Practical arrangement and method for data collection are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakScalorimetr.pdf | |||||
| 4024 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Scharber, S. R., Smith, J. J. | 1995 | Cyclic voltammetry of Pd + D codeposition | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 380 | Cyclic voltammetry of Pd + D codeposition | Pd, D2O, loading, electrolysis, overvoltage | This paper is available as a single file (below), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. ABSTRACT Processes associated with the Pd + D alloy codeposition are examined by cyclic voltammetry. The voltammograms cover the potential range: +0.3 to -1.3 V (measured against an Ag/AgCl/KCl (sat) reference) and indicate that the partial current due to the Pd2+ ion reduction is diffusion limited at slow scan rates. Except for the significant increase in cathodic currents due to D2O reduction at ca. -0.25 V which occurs on a freshly generated Pd surface, the shapes of the voltammograms marginally differ from those recorded in the absence of Pd2+ ions in the electrolyte phase. A discussion of the dynamics of the interphase is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakScyclicvolt.pdf | ||||||
| 4025 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 1996 | Nuclear and Thermal Events Associated with Pd + D Codeposition | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 3, Page = 54 | Nuclear and Thermal Events Associated with Pd + D Codeposition | heat, tritium, x-ray | In the Pd+D codeposition process, palladium is electrodeposited in the presence of evolving deuterium. This process favors the initiation and propagation of nuclear and thermal events through a rapid absorption of deuterium to yield high D/Pd atomic ratios. This process results in the formation of non-equilibrium electrode structures that become the seat for localized gradients. Evidence for tritium production, X-ray emanation and generation of localized heat sources, with emphasis on experimental methodology, is provided. The active role of the electrode/electrolyte interphase in the development of these events is examined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSnuclearand.pdf | ||||||
| 4026 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Smith, J. J. | 1996 | On the behavior of the cathodically polarized Pd/D system: Search for emanating radiation | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 210 | On the behavior of the cathodically polarized Pd/D system: Search for emanating radiation | x-ray, Pd, D2O, gamma emission, electrolysis | This paper is available as a single file (here), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. ABSTRACT Evidence for the emission of low intensity X-rays during cathodic polarization of the Pd/D system(s) is presented. The Pd/D system was prepared by charging with electrochemically generated deuterium either palladium foil or palladium electrodeposited from D2 0 electrolytes. Experimental and analytical procedures are described in detail. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSonthebehava.pdf | ||||||
| 4027 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 1996 | On the behavior of the cathodically polarized Pd/D system: a response to Vigier's comments | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 221 | On the behavior of the cathodically polarized Pd/D system: a response to Vigier's comments | critique, Vigier, codeposition, Pd, loading, electrolysis, D2O, theory | Electrodes prepared by Pd/D codeposition exhibit highly expanded surfaces which achieve high degrees of D/Pd loading within seconds. In this communication, morphology of the Pd electrode, the structure of the interphase, and selected thermal effects are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSonthebehavb.pdf | ||||||
| 4028 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Boss, R. D., Smith, J. J. | 1998 | On the behavior of the Pd/D system: Evidence for tritium production | Fusion Technol., Vol = 33 | On the behavior of the Pd/D system: Evidence for tritium production | tritium, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | This paper is available as a single file (here), and it is included in: Szpak, S. and P.A. Mosier-Boss, Anomalous Behavior of the Pd/D System. 1995, Office of Naval Research. ABSTRACT Evidence for tritium production in the Pd/D system under cathodic polarization is presented. A comparison of the observed distribution and that calculated, based upon the conservation of mass, leads to the conclusion that tritium is produced sporadically at an estimated rate of ca 103?'104 atoms per second. The results of several runs are interpreted by employing the concept of an electrode/electrolyte interphase and the accepted kinetics of hydrogen evolution. Observation of burst-like events followed by longer periods of inactivity yield poor reproducibility when distributions are averaged over the total time of electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSonthebehavc.pdf | ||||||
| 4029 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A. | 1998 | On the release of n/1H from cathodically polarized palladium electrodes | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | On the release of n/1H from cathodically polarized palladium electrodes | Theory, tritium | Release paths for tritium produced during electrochemical compression of deuterium in a Pd lattice are examined. Arguments in support of the reversal of diffusion caused by gas evolution on the electrode surface are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSontherelea.pdf | ||||||
| 4030 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Miles, M. | 1999 | Calorimetry of the Pd+D codeposition | Fusion Technol., Vol = 36 | Calorimetry of the Pd+D codeposition | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, co-deposition, D2O hot spots | Thermal activities associated with electrochemical compression of deuterium produced on electrodes prepared by Pd D codeposition are discussed. Three cases are considered: activities during and shortly after commencement of current flow, those observed during runs of several days duration, and surface temperature distribution recorded by infrared scanning. Experimental results show excellent reproducibility, high-power outputs, and the development of thermal instabilities resulting in the formation of local hot spots. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakScalorimetra.pdf | ||||||
| 4031 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Dea, J., Gordon, F. | 2003 | Polarized D+/Pd-D2O System: Hot Spots and 'Mini-Explosions' | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Polarized D+/Pd-D2O System: Hot Spots and 'Mini-Explosions' | Heat, IR detector, heat after death, hot spots | Two types of activities occurring within the polarized D+/Pd-D2O system, viz. the presence of localized heat sources (hot spots) and associated with them mini- explosions, are described. The 'birth and death' of hot spots is monitored by IR imaging while the mini-explosions are displayed by the voltage spikes exhibited by a piezoelectric substrate onto which a Pd/D film was co-deposited. Processes leading to the formation of unstable domains as a precursor to the observed behavior is examined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSpolarizedd.pdf | |||
| 4032 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Dea, J., Gordon, F. | 2003 | Polarized D+/Pd-D2O System: Hot Spots and 'Mini-Explosions' (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Polarized D+/Pd-D2O System: Hot Spots and 'Mini-Explosions' (PowerPoint slides) | Heat, IR detector, heat after death, hot spots | we have pioneered the use of co-deposition as the means to prepare the electrode to investigate the F-P effect and have conducted several hundred experiments using this basic technique over the past 13+ years. We co-deposited onto a Ni mesh that was physically placed close to a mylar film, covering a hole in the cell wall.? An IR camera was positioned to focus on the electrode and recordings were made during and after the co-deposition process to monitor the temperature of the electrode and the surrounding solution. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSpolarizedda.pdf | |||
| 4033 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F. | 2004 | Precursors And The Fusion Reactions In Polarised Pd/D-D2O System: Effect Of An External Electric Field | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Precursors And The Fusion Reactions In Polarised Pd/D-D2O System: Effect Of An External Electric Field | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, co-deposition, D2O hot spots | The effect of an external electric field on the physical appearance of the Pd/D electrode in an operating cell is discussed. It is shown that the individual globules of the 'cauliflower-like structure undergo a shape change exhibiting two distinct features, viz those that require energy expenditure that can be extracted from the applied external field (eg re-orientation, separation of individual globules, dendrite formation) and those that require energy expenditure far in excess of one that can be supplied by the electric field alone (eg exhibiting features usually associated with the solidification of a molten metal under liquid or the presence of localized catastrophic events leading to the formation of craters). It is shown, by energydispersive X-ray method, that the needed energy is provided by nuclear events occurring in the region close to the electrode surface. The nuclear events are of the type: precursor --> unstable nucleus --> stable nucleus. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSprecursors.pdf | |||||
| 4034 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F. | 2004 | Precursors And The Fusion Reactions In Polarised Pd/D-D2O System: Effect Of An External Electric Field (PowerPoint slides) | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Precursors And The Fusion Reactions In Polarised Pd/D-D2O System: Effect Of An External Electric Field (PowerPoint slides) | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, co-deposition, D2O hot spots | PowerPoint presentation for the paper of the same title. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSprecursorsa.pdf | |||||
| 4035 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Miles, M., Fleischmann, M. | 2004 | Thermal behavior of polarized Pd/D electrodes prepared by co-deposition | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 410 | Thermal behavior of polarized Pd/D electrodes prepared by co-deposition | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, co-deposition, D2O hot spots | Thermal behavior of polarized Pd/D electrode, prepared by the co-deposition technique, serving as a cathode in the Dewar-type electrochemical cell/calorimeter is examined. It is shown that: (i) excess enthalpy is generated during and after the completion of the co-deposition process; (ii) rates of excess enthalpy generation are somewhat higher than when Pd wires or other forms of Pd electrodes are used; (iii) positive feedback and heat-after-death effects were observed; and (iv) rates of excess power generation were found to increase with an increase in both cell current and cell temperature, the latter being higher. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSthermalbeh.pdf | ||||||
| 4036 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F. | 2005 | Experimental Evidence for LENR in a Polarized Pd/D Lattice (PowerPoint slides) | American Physical Society Meeting | Los Angeles | Experimental Evidence for LENR in a Polarized Pd/D Lattice (PowerPoint slides) | review | Recent experiments at the U.S. Navy San Diego SPAWAR Systems Center have demonstrated nuclear effects with palladium co-deposition cathodes subjected to magnetic or high voltage fields. CR-39 is used to detect high energy particles. It is placed in close proximity to the cathode because the particles do not travel far. These experiments appear to be highly reproducible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSexperiment.pdf | |||||
| 4037 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Young, C., Gordon, F. | 2005 | Evidence of nuclear reactions in the Pd lattice | Naturwiss., Vol = 92, Num = 8, Page = 394-397 | Evidence of nuclear reactions in the Pd lattice | co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, heat+, film | An operating Pd//D2O, Li+, Cl-//Pt cell, placed in an external electrostatic field, yielded unexpected results, viz. (i) Morphological changes in the form of discrete sites exhibiting molten-like features, i.e. features that require substantial energy expenditure. (ii) Presence of elements (Al, Mg, Ca, Si, Zn, . . .) that could not be extracted from cell components and deposited on discrete sites. The cell design and the experimental protocol assuring reproducibility is described in detail. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSevidenceof.pdf | ||||||
| 4038 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Young, C., Gordon, F. | 2005 | The effect of an external electric field on surface morphology of co-deposited Pd/D films | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 580 | The effect of an external electric field on surface morphology of co-deposited Pd/D films | co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, heat+, film | The polarized PdD electrode undergoes significant morphological changes when exposed to an external electric field. These changes range from minor, e.g. re-orientation and/or separation of weakly connected globules, through forms that result from a combined action of the field as well as that connected with the evolution of gaseous deuterium, to shapes that require substantial energy expenditure. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakStheeffecto.pdf | ||||||
| 4039 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F. | 2006 | Experimental Evidence for LENR in a Polarized Pd/D Lattice | NDIA 2006 | Washington, DC | Experimental Evidence for LENR in a Polarized Pd/D Lattice | neutron, co-deposition, voltage, magnetic field | |||||||
| 4040 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F. | 2007 | Further evidence of nuclear reactions in the Pd lattice: emission of charged particles | Naturwiss., Vol = DOI 10.1007 | Further evidence of nuclear reactions in the Pd lattice: emission of charged particles | cr-39, particle emission | Almost two decades ago, Fleischmann and Pons reported excess enthalpy generation in the negatively polarized Pd/D-D2O system, which they attributed to nuclear reactions. In the months and years that followed, other manifestations of nuclear activities in this system were observed, viz. tritium and helium production and transmutation of elements. In this report, we present additional evidence, namely, the emission of highly energetic charged particles emitted from the Pd/D electrode when this system is placed in either an external electrostatic or magnetostatic field. The density of tracks registered by a CR-39 detector was found to be of a magnitude that provides undisputable evidence of their nuclear origin. The experiments were reproducible. A model based upon electron capture is proposed to explain the reaction products observed in the Pd/D-D2O system. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSfurtherevi.pdf | ||||||
| 4041 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F., Dea, J., Khim, J., Forsley, L. | 2008 | SPAWAR Systems Center-Pacific Pd:D Co-Deposition Research: Overview of Refereed LENR Publications | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | SPAWAR Systems Center-Pacific Pd:D Co-Deposition Research: Overview of Refereed LENR Publications | review | Scientists at the US Navy SPAWAR Systems Center-Pacific (SSC-Pacific), and its predecessors, have had extraordinary success in publishing LENR papers in peer-reviewed journals. This success hasn? come easily and is due to several factors. One key reason for this success was the courage of the SSC-Pacific upper management in allowing scientists to conduct research and publish results in a controversial field. The few journal editors, who had the fortitude to consider our work, also contributed to this success. This contrasts with the majority of their peers who, taking the path of least resistance, ignored our work out of hand and returned manuscripts with, 'the subject matter is not in the purview of the journal'. The reviewers also played a role in the successful publication of LENR-related papers. A multitude of reviewers, many outside the LENR field, had to put aside their biases and look objectively at our data.? In turn, the reviewers' relentless concerns forced us to tenaciously address their issues. Ultimately, the SSC-Pacific team published 21 refereed papers in seven journals and a book chapter, spanning 19 years beginning in 1989. This paper is a brief synopsis of those publications. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSspawarsyst.pdf | |||||
| 4042 | Conference Proceedings | Szpak, S., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F., Dea, J., Miles, M., Khim, J., Forsley, L. | 2008 | LENR Research Using Co-Deposition | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | LENR Research Using Co-Deposition | Co-deposition, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, heat+, film | The Pd/D co-deposition process was developed by Stan Szpak at the Naval Laboratory in San Diego as an alternative means of initiating LENR. Besides heat, other nuclear products that have been measured using Pd/D co-deposition include tritium and the emission of γ- and X-rays, neutrons, and energetic particles. This communication summarizes 19 years of LENR research that has focused on the Pd/D co-deposition process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSlenrresear.pdf | |||||
| 4043 | Book | Szpak, S., Gordon, F. | 2011 | Chemical Aspects of the Pd/nH-H2O System in Its Nuclear Active State | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | LENR-CANR.org | Chemical Aspects of the Pd/nH-H2O System in Its Nuclear Active State | Review, history | Throughout his career, Dr. Stanislaw (Stan) Szpak was a friend, a mentor, and a co-worker to many people. He was respected for his expertise and knowledge by many including Dr. Martin Fleischmann and Dr. John Bockris with whom he shared many private communications both before and after the 1989 Fleischmann-Pons announcement that became known as 'cold fusion' or Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR). Stan quickly applied his expertise toward understanding the underlying processes involved. One of his first contributions, which has been widely used, is the use of codeposition to prepare the cathode. LENR is a very complex problem and Stan recognized that it was not going to be solved during his lifetime so he decided to document his thoughts in a book. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SzpakSchemicalas.pdf | |||||
| 4044 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Dea, J. | 2012 | Evidence for the Induction of Nuclear Activity in Polarized Pd/H-H2O System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Evidence for the Induction of Nuclear Activity in Polarized Pd/H-H2O System | Co-deposition, Coupled reaction, Magnetic field, Pd/H-H2O system | In cells employing cathodes prepared by the co-deposition process, the polarized Pd/D-D2O system becomes nuclear active when the concentration of deuterium, expressed as D/Pd atomic ratio, is equal to or greater than one. In contrast, to activate the polarized Pd/H-H2O system, action of an external magnetic field, modulation of cell current or both, are required. Evidence for the nuclear active state in the Pd/H-H2O system namely deuterium production, particle emission and catastrophic thermal event, is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=26 | ||||||
| 4045 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Gordon, F. | 2013 | The Fleischmann?ons Effect: Reactions and Processes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | The Fleischmann?ons Effect: Reactions and Processes | Hot spots, Modeling, Particle emission, Transmutation | A selected group of experimental evidence indicates that the Pd/D?2O system can be put in its nuclear active state. This is done by negatively polarizing the system which (i) starts the process of self-organization, i.e. development of coherent processes involving protons/deuterons and lattice defects to produce the pre-nuclear active state and (ii) creates conditions for the electron capture by proton/deuteron reaction to occur. The low energy neutrons transform the pre-nuclear active state into an active state, i.e. display of features such as hot spots, transmutation and particle emission which, in turn, yields information on participating reactions and processes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedk.pdf#page=148 | ||||||
| 4046 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Gordon, F. | 2014 | Forcing the Pd/^1 H - ^1H2O System into a Nuclear Active State | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 543-553 Forcing the Pd/^1 H - ^1H2O System into a Nuclear Active State | Nuclear Active State, Electron capture | In cells employing cathodes prepared by the co-deposition process, the polarized Pd/D - D2O system becomes nuclear active when the concentration of deuterium, expressed as D/Pd atomic ratio, is equal to or greater than one. In contrast, to activate the polarized Pd/H-H2O system, action of an external magnetic field, modulation of cell current or both, are required. Evidence for the nuclear active state in the Pd/H - H2O system, namely deuterium production, particle emission and catastrophic thermal event, is presented. Extension of nuclear active state to the Pd/^1 H - ^1H2O system under the application of an external magnetic field and modulated cell current profile is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=553 | ||||||
| 4047 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Gordon, F. | 2014 | On the Mechanism of Tritium Production in Electrochemical Cells | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 61-67 On the Mechanism of Tritium Production in Electrochemical Cells | Co-deposition, Polarized Pd/D?2O system, Tritium production | An electron capture reaction e-+d+ ' 2n followed by deuteron to triton transmutation, the n+d+ ' t+ reaction, is judged to be the prime reaction in polarized Pd/D?2O system . Supporting evidence for the proposed mechanism is interpreted and discussed in terms arising from the content and meaning of chemical and nuclear reactions occurring in condensed matter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=67 | ||||||
| 4048 | Journal Article | Szpak, S. | 2014 | The Pd + D Co-Deposition: Process, Product, Performance | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 68-75 The Pd + D Co-Deposition: Process, Product, Performance | Co-deposition | The preparation of electrodes by a co-deposition is discussed in detail. The electrode reactions are identified, the structural features of the deposit are described and the relevant experimental evidence is assembled. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=74 | ||||||
| 4049 | Journal Article | Szpak, S., Gordon, F. | 2014 | Cathode to Electrolyte Transfer of Energy Generated in the Fleischmann?ons Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 76-78 Cathode to Electrolyte Transfer of Energy Generated in the Fleischmann?ons Experiment | In our recent paper [1] we asked: why an exothermic system with the positive feedback, such as the Fleischmann?ons experiment, does not suffer thermal run-a-way. In seeking an answer we selected two items (i) formation of hot spots and (ii) system's response following a fast nuclear event, that seem to point to a simple model of cathode to electrolyte energy transfer. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=82 | |||||||
| 4050 | Journal Article | Szpak, S. | 2015 | On the Path Leading To The Fleischmann?ons Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 91 On the Path Leading To The Fleischmann?ons Effect | Plasma, Self-organization, Transmutation | Processes leading to the excess enthalpy production, the Fleischmann?ons effect, are identified. The thermodynamic treatment [1] is extended to include self-organization. Discussion is limited to cells employing cathodes prepared by the co-deposition process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=96 | ||||||
| 4051 | Journal Article | Szumski, D. | 2014 | Nickel Transmutation and Excess Heat Model Using Reversible Thermodynamics | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 554-564 Nickel Transmutation and Excess Heat Model Using Reversible Thermodynamics | LANP model, Least action, Reversible process, Theory | This research develops the Least Action Nuclear Process (LANP) model of cold fusion, by assuming that the process is thermodynamically reversible. This requires: 1) one element of new physical theory, a far-from-equilibrium blackbody equation having a second temperature scale, and 2) a nuclear reaction selection method based in the Principle of Least Action. The model appears to predict nuclear transmutations observed in Miley????- nickel microspheres, without false positives, and provides a plausible explanation of loading and ignition processes, excess heat, no excess heat, and the absence of gamma radiation. The model shows how solar core temperatures can exist in a laboratory temperature device. The presentation is abstracted from a larger technical paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=564 | ||||||
| 4052 | Conference Proceedings | Tabet, E., Tenenbaum, A. | 1990 | Nuclear Effects in the Collapsing Lattice Model for Deuterated Palladium: New Results | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 867 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Nuclear Effects in the Collapsing Lattice Model for Deuterated Palladium: New Results | theory | ||||
| 4053 | Journal Article | Tabet, E., Tenenbaum, A. | 1990 | A dynamical model for cold fusion in deuterated palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | A dynamical model for cold fusion in deuterated palladium | theory, loading | ||||||||
| 4054 | Journal Article | Tabet, E., Tenenbaum, A. | 1990 | Nuclear reactions from lattice collapse in a cold fusion model | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 144, Num = 6,7, Page = 301 | Nuclear reactions from lattice collapse in a cold fusion model | theory, phase change | ||||||||
| 4055 | Journal Article | Tachikawa, E. | 1991 | Outline of room temperature nuclear fusion | Genshiryoku Kogyo, Vol = 37, Num = 4, Page = 11 (in Japanese) | Outline of room temperature nuclear fusion | review | ||||||||
| 4056 | Journal Article | Taft, S. L., Marwan, J. | 2012 | The Open Gate Phenomenon: A New Energy Technology | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | The Open Gate Phenomenon: A New Energy Technology | Microspheres, Pechini process, Polycrystalline, Submonolayer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy | The Open Gate Phenomenon is a unique solid-state mechanism that results in a significant and sustained electron transfer from an n-type semiconductor to Schottky metal particles that are grown from the semiconductor substrate itself. This results in a unique interface that acts as a one-way (rectifying) open gate. First identified in reduced polycrystalline titanium dioxide (an n-type semiconductor) to Group VIII metal particles, the interface significantly affects the Schottky barrier height resulting in electron flow into the metal particles from the reduced titanim dioxide (TiO2) based on their respective work functions. The result is a negative charge on the metal particles which is of sufficient magnitude and duration to provide cathodic protection of the metal particles from surface oxidation. In essence, the metal particles behave as a negatively charged electrode without an externally supplied power source. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=86 | ||||||
| 4057 | Journal Article | Tajima, T., Iyetomi, H., Ichimaru, S. | 1990 | Influence of attractive interaction between deuterons in Pd on nuclear fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Influence of attractive interaction between deuterons in Pd on nuclear fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 4058 | Journal Article | Takagi, R., H., Numata., Ohno, I., Kawamura, K., Haruyama, S. | 1991 | Neutron emission during a long-term electrolysis of heavy water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Neutron emission during a long-term electrolysis of heavy water | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron, OCV | ||||||||
| 4059 | Journal Article | Takagi, R., Numata, H., Ohno, I., Kawamura, K., Haruyama, S. | 1991 | Neutron Emission During a Long-Term Electrolysis of Heavy Water | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Neutron Emission During a Long-Term Electrolysis of Heavy Water | Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 4060 | Patent | Takaharu, G., Niikura, J., Taniguchi, N., Hatoh, K., Adachi, K. | 1990 | Apparatus for cold nuclear fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | European Patent Application, 90107987.1 | Tertiary Apparatus for cold nuclear fusion Apparatus for cold nuclear fusion | D2O, Laves Phase | |||||||
| 4061 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 1989 | Opening possibility of deuteron-catalyzed cascade fusion channel in PdD under D2O electrolysis | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 5, Page = 558 | Opening possibility of deuteron-catalyzed cascade fusion channel in PdD under D2O electrolysis | theory | ||||||||
| 4062 | Journal Article | Takahashi, Y. | 1989 | Present status and future problems of cold nuclear fusion | Kagaku Kogaku, Vol = 53 | Present status and future problems of cold nuclear fusion | discussion | ||||||||
| 4063 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Takeuchi, T., Iida, T., Watanabe, M. | 1990 | Neutron Spectra from D2O-Pd Cells with Pulsed Electrolysis | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 325 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Neutron Spectra from D2O-Pd Cells with Pulsed Electrolysis | Pd, D2O, pulsed, neutron, energy, electrolysis | ||||
| 4064 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, H. | 1990 | The Roles of Coherency and Intermittency on D-D Fusion Reaction in PdDx Deuteride | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 884 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | The Roles of Coherency and Intermittency on D-D Fusion Reaction in PdDx Deuteride | theory | ||||
| 4065 | Journal Article | Takahashi, H. | 1990 | Dynamical screening of potential by mobile deuteron and fusion rate of accelerated deuteron in PdDx | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 441 | Dynamical screening of potential by mobile deuteron and fusion rate of accelerated deuteron in PdDx | theory, screening | ||||||||
| 4066 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Takeuchi, T., Iida, T., Watanabe, H. | 1990 | Short Note : Emission of 2.45 MeV and Higher Energy Neutrons from D2O-Pd Cell Under Biased-Pulse Electrolysis | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 27 | Short Note : Emission of 2.45 MeV and Higher Energy Neutrons from D2O-Pd Cell Under Biased-Pulse Electrolysis | Pd, D2O, neutron, energy heat | ||||||||
| 4067 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Takeuchi, T., Iida, T., Watanabe, M. | 1990 | Emission of 2.45 MeV and higher energy neutrons from D2O-Pd cell under biased-pulse electrolysis | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 27 | Emission of 2.45 MeV and higher energy neutrons from D2O-Pd cell under biased-pulse electrolysis | neutron, Pd, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 4068 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Iida, T., Takeuchi, T., Mega, A., Yoshida, S., Watanabe, M. | 1991 | Neutron Spectra and Controllability by PdD/electrolysis Cell With Low-High Current Pulse Operation | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 93 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Neutron Spectra and Controllability by PdD/electrolysis Cell With Low-High Current Pulse Operation | Pd, D2O, neutron, pulse, T/n, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | Neutron spectra with two components (2. 45 and 3-7 MeV) have been repeatedly observed by pu lse electro lysis of D 20-Pd cel l. Tr itium product ion with (Tin) rat io 105 was also co nfirmed with low-high current operat ion. These results are consistently explained with the products and byproducts in competing process of d-d and d-d-d fusions in PdD lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=108 | ||
| 4069 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Iida, T., Maekawa, F., Sugimoto, H., Yoshida, S. | 1991 | Windows of cold nuclear fusion and pulsed electrolysis experiments | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Windows of cold nuclear fusion and pulsed electrolysis experiments | neutron, Pd, D2O, theory, energy | ||||||||
| 4070 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 1992 | Nuclear Products by D2O/Pd Electrolysis and Multibody Fusion | Int. Symp. Nonlinear Phenom. in Electromagnetic Fields | ISEM-Nagoya | Jan. 27-29, 1992 | Nuclear Products by D2O/Pd Electrolysis and Multibody Fusion | pulse, neutron, heat+, D2O, Pd | ||||||
| 4071 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Mega, A., Takeuchi, T., Miyamaru, H., Iida, T. | 1992 | Anomalous Excess Heat by D2O/Pd Cell Under L-H Mode Electrolysis | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 79 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Anomalous Excess Heat by D2O/Pd Cell Under L-H Mode Electrolysis | Pd, D2O, heat+, tritium, neutron, T/n, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | A Pd sheet cathode centered within a Pt-wired anode in D2O/LiOD electrolyte was used with the L-H mode pulse operation.?? Anomalously large excess heat (32 watts in average for 2 months, 100 - 130 watts at peaks and averaged output/input power ratio 1.7) was once observed, associated with very low neutron emission (~1 n/s). To investigate the reproducibility of this experiment, a second experiment with minor changes in cell design was undertaken for 4 months. We reproduced excess heat, however at much smaller levels (8 watts on average and 15 watts at peak), but with neutron emission rates that were twice as large as measured previously. Possible changes in the conditions of the two experiments are discussed; i.e., cell voltages and over-potentials, formation of thin MOS film on the Pd cathode surface and a mechanism enhancing the D/Pd ratio. Excess power density per cm^2 of cathode surface showed systematic change as a function of surface current density. This trend is consistent with results from many other authors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAanomalouse.pdf | ||
| 4072 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Iida, T., Takeuchi, T., Mega, A. | 1992 | Excess heat and nuclear products by D2O/Pd electrolysis and multibody fusion | Int. J. Appl. Electromagn. Mater., Vol = 3 | Excess heat and nuclear products by D2O/Pd electrolysis and multibody fusion | Pd, electrolysis, D2O, neutron, heat+, theory | An excess heat of 100 W/cc level, 1.7 times the input power in average, and 160 MJ in total was observed for about two months by the L-H mode pulse electrolysis of a D2O/Pd cell with plane-symmetric configuration of D-loading into the Pd cathode. Very weak neutron emission was detected to show an inversely proportional correlation to the excess heat variation. To explain the observed anomalous results including our past results, the theoretical model of competing multibody deuteron fusions in transient PdDx lattice has been extended. It can explain most experimental results. Cold fusion may be the multibody fusion of hydrogen isotopes in the metal lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAexcessheat.pdf | ||||||
| 4073 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 1992 | Cold fusion research: Recent progress | Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, Vol = 68, Num = 4, Page = 360 (in Japanese) | Cold fusion research: Recent progress | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat, neutron, loading | ||||||||
| 4074 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 1993 | Cold fusion research: present status | Koon Gakkaishi, Vol = 19, Num = 5, Page = 179 (in Japanese) | Cold fusion research: present status | Review | ||||||||
| 4075 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 1993 | Production of neutron, tritium and excess heat | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 62 | Production of neutron, tritium and excess heat | Pd, electrolysis, loading, heat, neutron, Pd | ||||||||
| 4076 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 1994 | Some Considerations of Multibody Fusion in Metal-Deuterides | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 451 | Some Considerations of Multibody Fusion in Metal-Deuterides | Theory, multibody | ||||||||
| 4077 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Inokuchi, T., Chimi, Y., Ikegawa, T., Kaji, N., Nitta, Y., Kobayashi, K., Taniguchi, M. | 1995 | Experimental Correlation Between Excess Heat and Nuclear Products | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 69 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Experimental Correlation Between Excess Heat and Nuclear Products | neutron, heat+, electrolysis, D2O, Pd, X-ray, ICCF-5, negative | A comparator of twin system was developed to study possible correlation between observed excess heat phenomenon and nuclear products . Simultaneous on-line measurements were done for foreground (Pd cathode) and background (Ni cathode) cells to monitor input/output powers, neutron spectra and X-ray spectra. Slight (5-7%) excess powers were observed with 99 % confidence level, only for Pd-cathode-cell, \vith weak neutron emission in the energy over 3 MeV. Burst events by X-ray detectors were analyzed. Ed: Possible scenarios for particle emission are outlined. Used duel cells, one with Pd cathode and other with Ni. Isoparabolic calorimetry used with electrolytic calibration and stirring. Open cells used. X-ray, g-ray and neutrons measured. D/Pd ratio measured in separate experiment. Claimed values as high as 0.95 were obtained but the L/H mode of charging typically reached 0.85. Excess power of 2.3-3.5 ??0.65 W (5-7 % excess) seen after 18 days. Two power loss events occurred during that time. No clear evidence for neutron emission found. No characteristic X-rays detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceeding.pdf#page=85 | ||
| 4078 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, R. | 1995 | Synthesis of Substance and Generation of Heat in Charcoal Cathode in Electrolysis of H2O and D2O Using Various Alkalihydrooxides | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 619 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Synthesis of Substance and Generation of Heat in Charcoal Cathode in Electrolysis of H2O and D2O Using Various Alkalihydrooxides | carbon, D2O, H2O, heat+, charcoal, ICCF-5 | Charcoal was used for the cathode with interest in the fabricated micro-channels which may produce the micro drops responsible for the synthesis of material and cold fusion in the electrolysis as reported in the previous proceedings. The synthesis of material was detected with the change in color of the electrolyte, from colorless to dark brown. The excess heat was not detected for H2O. However, for a mixture of 25% H2O and 75% D2O with a 0.25 LiOH, the excess heat reached as high as about 30% of the input power. Charcoal cathode used. Heat production claimed. Poor calorimetry. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=426 | ||
| 4079 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Iida, T., Miyamaru, H., Fukuhara, M. | 1995 | Multibody fusion model to explain experimental results | Fusion Technol., Vol = 27 | Multibody fusion model to explain experimental results | Theory, multibody | ||||||||
| 4080 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, R. | 1996 | Anomalous increase in excess heat in electrolysis of heavy water and light water for use of drilled cathode of charcoal | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 546 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Anomalous increase in excess heat in electrolysis of heavy water and light water for use of drilled cathode of charcoal | excess heat | The excess heat measured for the use of charcoal cathode in the electrolysis of heavy water reached about 150% of the input power by preparing a notched hole in the surface of the cathode. The experimental condition was as follows. The cathode used was very hard charcoal. The anode was 0.3mm Pt wire. The electrolyte was 50cc of D20 or H20 with 0.25N LiOH.The anode and the cathode were set up in the electrol'yte so as the Pt wire to locate near the diameter of the hole. Making a hole as small as 0.3mm produced excess heat of 70%.Making a notch at the hole edge enhanced the excess heat higher than 100%. The excess heat for the use of H20 was about a half of that for D20. The current showed oscillation when the excess heat was large.A SEM examining of the charcoal showed that many uniform holes,as small as 1 micron, distributed inside the vessels are responsible for this anomalous increase in the excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=145 | |||
| 4081 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 1996 | Recent results and activities on the new hydrogen energy ('cold fusion') | Suiso Enerugi Shisutemu, Vol = 21 | Recent results and activities on the new hydrogen energy ('cold fusion') | review | ||||||||
| 4082 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 1998 | Results of Experimental Studies of Excess Heat vs Nuclear Products Correlation and Conceivable Reaction Model | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 378 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Results of Experimental Studies of Excess Heat vs Nuclear Products Correlation and Conceivable Reaction Model | D2O, Pd, heat+ neutron, X-ray, He, particle emission Ti, electrolysis, ion bombardment, ICCF-7 | Summary results of 5 years study are presented about excess heat and nuclear products by three kinds of experiments, namely open-cell D20/Pd electrolysis, closed-cell D2O/Pd electrolysis and D-beam implantation experiments. Positive results for excess heat generation were obtained for 7 out of 3 1 experiments. No direct correlation between excess heat and radiations (neutrons and X-rays) were observed. Two clear and four marginal positive results for He-4 production were obtained in 1 1 closed-cell experiments. Proposed model of coherently-induced 3D fusion in metal-deuteride, for underlying physics of cold fusion, was first-time confirmed by D-beam implantation into highly D-Ioaded TiDx sample. Nuclear products of 'calm' 3D and 4D fusions are concluded to be Li-6 and He-4. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=378 | ||
| 4083 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, R. | 1998 | Excess Heat Caused by Electrolysis for Drilled Charcoal Cathode and Heat Without Power Imput by Immersion of Charcoal in Heavy or Light Water at Elevated Temperatures | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 388 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Excess Heat Caused by Electrolysis for Drilled Charcoal Cathode and Heat Without Power Imput by Immersion of Charcoal in Heavy or Light Water at Elevated Temperatures | heat+, charcoal, electrolysis, D2O, ICCF-7 | This paper shows that there are two kinds of excess heat, the one is by the electrolysis and the other is by the immersion of the charcoal in hot water heated higher than 90?. The both phenomena suggested much about the mechanism of the excess heat. Various data of excess heat including as high as 250 % were obtained for the former method for the drilled charcoal cathode by concentrating the current. It was found that there were strong correlation between the data and the each temperature rise in the beginning short time, suggesing that the excess heat is due to the same mechanism. Throughout the many experiments it was recognized that the active bubbling is essential for the excess heat creation, so another experiments as stated by the immersion type was tried. As expected the excess heat was detected also. From the both experiments, microdrops-in-bubble model was proposed for the excess heat and cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=388 | ||
| 4084 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, R. | 1998 | Proposal of Microdrops-in-Bubble Model for Excess Heat, Cold Fusion and Related Phenomena | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 383 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Proposal of Microdrops-in-Bubble Model for Excess Heat, Cold Fusion and Related Phenomena | theory, Pd, D2O, heat, ICCF-7 | This paper shows why and how the microdrops-in-bubble model explain the excess heat and the cold fusion. The thermodynamic properties of the micro drops in a bubble,where the pressure is 1 atm, is represented by Laplace's equation, i.e. the pressure(P)-volume(V) curves for various temperatures and the pressure-temperature(T) curves for various volume are drawn. The P-V and P-T curves demand the presence of the surface structure of the liquid and is named here as super water. The P-T curve shows a negative slope increasing as the volume decreases.This property is analysed by the third Maxwell's thermodynamic equation that the entropy is negative . When a microdrop receives a negative pressure the phase change from the normal water to the super water occurs and heat is generated. As the actuation is not by energy,the heat is excess heat. This occurs in both light and heavy water. The cold fusion arises in the minimum microdrop of heavy water under high actuation,as the super liquid is supposed to be liquid plasma and violent concussion is given there. Another effect of the negative pressure to the microdrop is to make it work by increasing the volume like an engine. An actuated microdrop synthesizes a new material whose resolution heat is equivalent to that released in the absence of the synthesis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=383 | ||
| 4085 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Fukuoka, H., Yasuda, K., Taniguchi, M. | 1998 | Experimental study on correlation between excess heat and nuclear products by D2O/Pd electrolysis | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 6, Num = 1, Page = 4 | Experimental study on correlation between excess heat and nuclear products by D2O/Pd electrolysis | Pd, electrolysis, heat+, 4He, tritium, neutron | ||||||||
| 4086 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Maruta, K., Ochiai, K., Miyamaru, H., Iida, T. | 1998 | Anomalous enhancement of three-body deuteron fusion in titanium-deuteride with low-energy D+ beam implantation | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Anomalous enhancement of three-body deuteron fusion in titanium-deuteride with low-energy D+ beam implantation | ion bombardment, titanium, particle emission, theory, three body | A Pd sheet cathode centered within a Pt-wired anode in D2O/LiOD electrolyte was used with the L-H mode pulse operation.? Anomalously large excess heat (32 watts in average for 2 months, 100 - 130 watts at peaks and averaged output/input power ratio 1.7) was once observed, associated with very low neutron emission (~1 n/s). To investigate the reproducibility of this experiment, a second experiment with minor changes in cell design was undertaken for 4 months. We reproduced excess heat, however at much smaller levels (8 watts on average and 15 watts at peak), but with neutron emission rates that were twice as large as measured previously. Possible changes in the conditions of the two experiments are discussed; i.e., cell voltages and over-potentials, formation of thin MOS film on the Pd cathode surface and a mechanism enhancing the D/Pd ratio. Excess power density per cm^2 of cathode surface showed systematic change as a function of surface current density. This trend is consistent with results from many other authors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAanomalouse.pdf | ||||||
| 4087 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Maruta, K., Ochiai, K., Miyamaru, H. | 1999 | Detection of three-body deuteron fusion in titanium deuteride under the stimulation by a deuteron beam | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 255 | Detection of three-body deuteron fusion in titanium deuteride under the stimulation by a deuteron beam | ion bombardment, titanium, particle emission | ||||||||
| 4088 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Ohta, M., Mizuno, T. | 2000 | A Model Analysis on Low-Energy Photo-Fusion of Pd Isotopes Under Dynamic Conditions of PdH(D)x | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 397 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | A Model Analysis on Low-Energy Photo-Fusion of Pd Isotopes Under Dynamic Conditions of PdH(D)x | theory, transmutation,, energy, fission, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4089 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2001 | Production of Stable Isotopes by Selective Channel Photofission of Pd | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 40, Num = 12, Page = 7031-7046 | Production of Stable Isotopes by Selective Channel Photofission of Pd | theory, photofission | A conservative modeling and analysis were attempted to explain the presence of nonradioactive fission-like products with nonnatural isotopic ratios observed in some D2O/Pd electrolysis experiments. The collective deformation of a Pd nucleus by multiphoton E1 resonance absorption in a dynamic PdDx lattice was assumed to induce low-energy photofissions via the selective scission channels within the lowest band (11-20 MeV) of channel-dependent fission barriers. Values of channel dependent fission barriers were calculated by using liquid drop model potentials for Pd isotopes. Fission products were analyzed in detail. Major fission products (FPs) are stable isotopes and the isotopic ratios of FP elements are very different from those of natural abundances. The present theoretical results have shown good agreement with the experimental data of Mizuno et al. [Denki Kagaku 64 (1996) 1660] and others in terms of Z-distribution, mass distribution and isotopic ratios. Selective channel photofissions with positive Q-values are possible for A > 90 nuclei, which may provide us with a clean method for the incineration for the radio isotope (RI) waste of nuclear plants. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAproductiona.pdf | ||||||
| 4090 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Tetrahedral And Octahedral Resonance Fusion Under Transient Condensation Of Deuterons At Lattice Focal Points | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | Tetrahedral And Octahedral Resonance Fusion Under Transient Condensation Of Deuterons At Lattice Focal Points | To attempt to explain the very strange claim of observation by Mitsubishi group on the mass-8-and-charge-4-transferred (increased) transmutation (Mo-96 or Pr-141) out of sample zone of Sr-88 or Cs-133 in the D-diffusion type experiment with multi-layered Pd plate, our multi-body deuteron fusion model in transient lattice focal points has been extended to hypothesize the occurrence of 4D tetrahedral and 8D octahedral resonance fusion. High energy Be-8 particles by 8D fusion can induce selectively capture process to form mass-8-and-charge-4-increased transmutation out of Sr-88 or Cs-133 near PdDx lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAtetrahedra.pdf | |||||
| 4091 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Mass-8-and-Charge-4 Increased Transmutation by Octahedral Resonance Fusion Model | JCF-4 | Morioka, Japan | Mass-8-and-Charge-4 Increased Transmutation by Octahedral Resonance Fusion Model | transient quasi-particle screening, octahedral deuteron condensation, 8D fusion, Be-8, transmutation | |||||||
| 4092 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2002 | Drastic Enhancement Of Deuteron-Cluster Fusion By Transient Electronic Quasi-Particle Screening | JCF4 | Unpublished | Morioka, Japan | Drastic Enhancement Of Deuteron-Cluster Fusion By Transient Electronic Quasi-Particle Screening | PdDx, electronic quasi-particle, drastic screening, deuteron cluster-fusion | ||||||
| 4093 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2003 | Mechanism Of Deuteron Cluster Fusion By EQPET Model | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Mechanism Of Deuteron Cluster Fusion By EQPET Model | Theory, multibody | The present paper makes deepened modeling for the mechanism of transient Bose-type condensation for 4D and 8D clusters with electrons from Pd 4d-shell in PdDx lattice dynamics. Formation of quadruplet e*(4,4) electronic quasi-particle and octal-coupling e*(8,8) around lattice focal points with D-clusters which realize super screening for d-d and d-cluster Coulomb barrier is modeled for tetrahedral and octahedral symmetric condensations and discussed. Based on the electronic quasi-particle expansion theory (EQPET), modal fusion rates which are composed of 2D, 3D, 4D and 8D fusion rates with characteristic values for each mode are estimated for the tetrahedral and octahedral symmetric condensations. Based on given modal fusion rates we can estimate macroscopic cluster fusion rates (f/s/cc) by knowing time-averaged values of D-cluster densities. Several to few hundreds w/cc level fusion rates for 4D and 8D can be foreseen with major ash of 4He and a variety of secondary transmutation reactions, and neutron production rate by 2D fusion will be with 10-12 orders smaller magnitude than that of 4He production. Neutrons are therefore hardly visible in deuteron cluster fusion in condensed matter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAmechanismo.pdf | |||
| 4094 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2003 | Studies on 3D Fusion Reactions in TiDx under Ion Beam Implantation (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Studies on 3D Fusion Reactions in TiDx under Ion Beam Implantation (PowerPoint slides) | ion beam, 3D fusion, Ti | ICCF-10 PowerPoint presentation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAstudiesonda.pdf | |||
| 4095 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2003 | Theoretical Background for Transmutation Reactions (PowerPoint slides) | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Theoretical Background for Transmutation Reactions (PowerPoint slides) | Theory, multibody | Presented during Short Course on Cold Fusion, ICCF-10. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAtheoretica.pdf | |||
| 4096 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Miyamaru, H., Ochiai, K., Katayama, Y., Hayashi, T., Dairaku, T. | 2003 | Studies on 3D Fusion Reactions in TiDx under Ion Beam Implantation | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Studies on 3D Fusion Reactions in TiDx under Ion Beam Implantation | ion beam, 3D fusion, Ti | With certain conditions for target-samples and beams, we could have identified specific particles (e.g., 4.75MeV tritons and 3He-particles, and 15.9 MeV deuterons) from 3D fusion reactions with yield ratios [3D]/[2D] to be in the order of 1E-4 to 1E-3, in contrary to the calculated [3D]/[2D] yield ratio of 1E-30 by the conventional random nuclear reaction theory2,3). The increasing trend of yield ratios in lower energy region than 100 keV for deuteron4), suggests that the enhanced 3D reactions were not attributed to the direct reactions with incident d-beam, but to the indirect 3D fusion out of the slowing down range of the beam. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAstudiesond.pdf | |||
| 4097 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2004 | 3He/4He Production Ratios By Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensation | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | 3He/4He Production Ratios By Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensation | theory | The present paper treats application of the EQPET (Electronic Quasi-Particle Expansion Theory) model for TSC (Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensate) of H/D mixed systems for Pd host metal. Production ratios of 3He/4He for multi-body fusion reactions in H/D mixed TSC systems are calculated as a function of H/D mixing rate. The model is further extended to treat direct nuclear interactions between host-metal nucleus and TSC of pure 4 protons (or 4 deuterons), since TSC can become very small (far less than 1 pm radius) charge-neutral pseudo-particle. Results for the case of Ni + 4p/TSC are discussed with Ni + p capture reactions and Ni + 4p fission reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAheheproduc.pdf | |||||
| 4098 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Condensed Matter Nuclear Effects | International Meeting on Frontier of Physics | Kuala Lumpur | Condensed Matter Nuclear Effects | theory | Under the conditions of cold fusion in PdD, the predominant reactions would be d+d-->(4)He* and (4)He*+d-->(6)Li*-->(4)He+d+23.8MeV. This cascade would explain the FPH results, giving fusion rates of up to 1E-13 f/s per D atom. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAcondensedm.pdf | |||||
| 4099 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | A Theoretical Summary of Condensed Matter Nuclear Effects | Siena Workshop on Anomalies in Metal-D/H Systems | Siena, Italy | A Theoretical Summary of Condensed Matter Nuclear Effects | theory | Key experimental results are compared with the results of EQPET/TSC models. Screening energy for d-d pair by theory is 360 eV and is comparable with 310 eV by Kasagi experiment for PdDx. Helium-4 production with scarce neutron is modeled by strong 4D fusion of minimum state 4d/TSC reaction. Maximum level of 4d/TSC fusion is 46 MW/cc-Pd and 23 keV/Pd, comparable to 24.8 keV/Pd by El Boher experiment. Transmutation with mass-8 and charge-4 increase is explained by 4d/TSC + host metal reactions. Fission-like products by Ni-H systems are in agreement with fission products of 4p/TSC + nickel nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAatheoretic.pdf | |||||
| 4100 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Time-Dependent EQPET Analysis of TSC | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Time-Dependent EQPET Analysis of TSC | theory | ||||||
| 4101 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Progress In Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Progress In Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Review | ||||||
| 4102 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Fusion Rate Formulas for Bosonized Condensates (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Fusion Rate Formulas for Bosonized Condensates (PowerPoint slides) | theory | ||||||
| 4103 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Time-Dependent EQPET Analysis of TSC (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Time-Dependent EQPET Analysis of TSC (PowerPoint slides) | theory | ||||||
| 4104 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Progress In Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Progress In Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (PowerPoint slides) | Review | ||||||
| 4105 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2005 | Main Scenarios of CMN-Effects (PowerPoint slides) | Sixth International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen/Deuterium-Loaded Metals | Siena, Italy | May 13-16 | Main Scenarios of CMN-Effects (PowerPoint slides) | theory | ||||||
| 4106 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Celani, F., Iwamura, Y. | 2005 | The Italy-Japan Project -- Fundamental Research on Cold Transmutation Process for Treatment of Nuclear Wastes | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | The Italy-Japan Project -- Fundamental Research on Cold Transmutation Process for Treatment of Nuclear Wastes | transmutation | ||||||
| 4107 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Celani, F., Iwamura, Y. | 2005 | The Italy-Japan Project -- Fundamental Research on Cold Transmutation Process for Treatment of Nuclear Wastes (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | The Italy-Japan Project -- Fundamental Research on Cold Transmutation Process for Treatment of Nuclear Wastes (PowerPoint slides) | transmutation | ||||||
| 4108 | Book | Takahashi, A. | 2006 | Jyouon kakuyuugou 2006 - gyoushuukei kagaku e no tenkai (Cold fusion 2006 - progress in condensed matter nuclear science) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Jyouon kakuyuugou 2006 - gyoushuukei kagaku e no tenkai (Cold fusion 2006 - progress in condensed matter nuclear science) | 978-4-7775-1208-9 | ||||||||
| 4109 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2007 | Deuterons-to-4He Channels (PowerPoint slides) | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Deuterons-to-4He Channels (PowerPoint slides) | Theory | Outline * Two-Body d + d fusion and Out-Going Channels * Third Interaction to d + d strong force for Changing Out-Going Channels * D-Cluster Fusion to Produce 4He | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAdeuteronst.pdf | |||||
| 4110 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Yabuuchi, N. | 2007 | D-Cluster Dynamics and Fusion Rate by Langevin Equation | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | D-Cluster Dynamics and Fusion Rate by Langevin Equation | theory | Condensed matter nuclear effect, especially 4D-cluster fusion, in metal-deuterium complex systems, has been studied by applying Langevin equations. One dimensional Langevin equations for solving time-dependent d-d distance Rdd(t) for deuteron-clusters under the Platonic symmetry were formulated for Datom, D2 molecule . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=315 | |||||
| 4111 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2007 | Deuteron Cluster Fusion and ASH | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Deuteron Cluster Fusion and ASH | Ash, Bosonization, Deuteron cluster fusion, Electronic quasi-particle screening, 4D Fusion, 8D Fusion, Helium-4, Secondary reaction | This is a review of our studies on theoretical model of deuteron cluster fusion in condensed matter. Considering a transient condensation process of deuteron-cluster in focal points of metal-deuteride lattice, electron screening effect was theorized by the Electronic Quasi-Particle Screening Theory (EQPET) model for a transient deuteron cluster associating attracted electrons. Multibody resonance fusion of deuterons was proposed by modeling charged-pion exchange for strong interaction in very condensed deuteron cluster to lead to select the tetrahedral resonance fusion (TRF) of 4D and octahedral resonance fusion (ORF) of 8D as possible major reaction channels in extreme case. 4He is the final product of TRF and ORF. Tritium and 3He was suggested as minor products from 3D multi-body fusion. Visible but very small level production of neutron by D + D (2D) fusion was also concluded. Further extension of EQPET model is given to propose a dynamic Bose-type condensation process by orthogonally coupled two D2 molecules, which play a role of super screening of Coulomb barrier with quadruplet electronic quasi-particle to generate clean fusion product of 4He. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=68 | ||||||
| 4112 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2007 | TSC-Induced Nuclear Reactions and Cold Transmutations | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | TSC-Induced Nuclear Reactions and Cold Transmutations | Tetrahedral symmetric condensate, 4p/TSC+Ni, 4d/TSC+Cs, Transmutation, Fission | Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensate (TSC) of orthogonal coupling of four deuterons and four electrons behaves as charge-neutral pseudo-particle and induces nuclear interaction with host metal nuclei. Theoretical predictions are shown for processes, reactiontypes and nuclear products. Some details are written for 4p/TSC + Ni and 4d/TSC + Cs reactions making transmutations and fission products. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=92 | ||||||
| 4113 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Yabuuchi, N. | 2007 | On Condensation Force of TSC | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | On Condensation Force of TSC | Deuteron cluster fusion, Central squeezing force, Four deuterons, Tetrahedral symmetric condensate | Primitive analysis and discussion are given for possible condensing force of tetrahedral symmetric condensate (TSC) of four deuterons (or protons) plus four spin-regulated (bosonized) electrons. Once TSC is formed by the ordering-constraint-organization process in condensed matter of metal-D(H) system, there may happen strong central squeezing force (and negative Coulomb energy of total TSC system) until when four deuterons (protons) get into the range of strong interaction (or Pauli repulsion at classical electron radius). After elementary quantum-mechanical results for D(H)-atom and, D2(H2)-molecule, primitive estimations are done for TSC. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=103 | ||||||
| 4114 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Yabuuchi, N. | 2007 | Fusion Rates of Bosonized Condensates | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | Fusion Rates of Bosonized Condensates | Bosonized condensate, dde* molecule, EQPET, Fusion rate formula, Time-dependence, TSC-induced reaction | In Section 1, theoretical basis for formulating fusion rates in condensed matter is summarized. Nuclear strong interaction, S-matrix, T -matrix, fusion rate for steady state dde* molecule as bosonized condensate, and fusion rate formula for collision process are briefly given. In Section 2, application for TSC-induced fusion is summarized. Fusion rate formulas for adiabatic approach in EQPET theory are summarized. Final state interaction is briefly discussed. Time-dependent approach for TSC squeezing motion is briefly introduced. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=112 | ||||||
| 4115 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2007 | A Theoretical Summary of Condensed Matter Nuclear Effects | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | A Theoretical Summary of Condensed Matter Nuclear Effects | d-d Screening, EQPET/TSC model, Excess power level, Experimental results, 4D Fusion, Fission, Helium-4, Selective transmutation | Key experimental results are compared with the results of Electronic Quasi-Particle Expansion Theory/Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensate (EQPET/TSC) models. Screening energy for d-d pair by theory is 360 eV and is comparable with 310 eV by Kasagi experiment for PdDx. Helium-4 production with scarce neutron is modeled by strong 4D fusion of minimum state 4d/TSC reaction. Maximum level of 4d/TSC fusion is 46 MW/cm^3-Pd and 23 keV/Pd, comparable to 24.8 keV/Pd by El Boher experiment. Transmutation with mass-8 and charge-4 increase is explained by 4d/TSC + host metal reactions. Fission-like products by Ni-H systems are in agreement with fission products of 4p/TSC + nickel nuclear reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensed.pdf#page=135 | ||||||
| 4116 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2008 | Dynamic Mechanism of TSC Condensation Motion | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Dynamic Mechanism of TSC Condensation Motion | theory | This paper gives further discussions and explanations on the time-dependent quantum-mechanical behaviors of electron-clouds in 4D/TSC condensation motion by Langevin equation, in comparison with steady ground state electron orbits and their de Broglie wave lengths for D-atom and D2 molecule. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAdynamicmec.pdf | |||||
| 4117 | Book Section | Takahashi, A., Yabuuchi, N. | 2008 | Study on 4D/Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensate Condensation Motion by Non-Linear Langevin Equation | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Study on 4D/Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensate Condensation Motion by Non-Linear Langevin Equation | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch004 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch004 | ||||||
| 4118 | Book Section | Takahashi, A. | 2009 | The Basics of Deuteron-Cluster Dynamics as Shown by a Langevin Equation | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series The Basics of Deuteron-Cluster Dynamics as Shown by a Langevin Equation | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch011 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch011 | ||||||
| 4119 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Kitamura, A., Nohmi, T., Sasaki, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Deuterium Gas Charging Experiments with Pd Powders for Excess Heat Evolution (II) Discussions on Experimental Results and Underlying Physics | The 9th Meeting of Japan CF-Research Society | Shizuoka, Japan | Deuterium Gas Charging Experiments with Pd Powders for Excess Heat Evolution (II) Discussions on Experimental Results and Underlying Physics theory | Pd-black nanoparticle heat | Experimental results obtained for Pd/PdO/ZrO2 nano-composite samples are summarized and the underlying physics is discussed. Arata-Zhang?? May 2008 excess heat result was replicated quantitatively. Using Pd/PdO/ZrO2 powders (produced by Santoku Co., Kobe Japan), we obtained: 1) D-gas charge in the first phase (zero pressure interval) gave 20~90% excess heat than H-gas charge. 2) In the second phase of pressure rise, significant excess heat (about 2 kJ/g-Pd) for D-gas charge was observed, while near zero level excess heat for H-gas charge was observed. We discuss the underlying surface and nano-particle physics in views of the enhanced surface adsorption potential by fractal sub-nano-scale trapping points on nano-Pd particle, the diffusion to inner shallower Bloch potential of regular Pd lattice, and the drastic mesoscopic and isotopic effect of surface and lattice rearrangement of nano-Pd particle by full D(H)-absorption to make deeper D(H) trapping potentials of surface adsorption (about 2 eV for D) and intermediate surface state trapping. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAdeuteriumg.pdf | |||||
| 4120 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Kitamura, A., Sasaki, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Nohmi, T., Taniike, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes(II) Discussions on Experimental Results and Underlying Physics (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes(II) Discussions on Experimental Results and Underlying Physics (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | Aim The Gas-Phase D(H)-Loading Method with Nano-Fabricated Metal Powders is regarded promising for repeatable CMNS experiments. We have constructed an experimental system to replicate the phenomenon of excess-heat (and 4He generation) and investigate the underlying physics for D(H)-charged Pd powders. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAanomaloush.pdf | ||||
| 4121 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Kitamura, A., Nohmi, T., Sasaki, A., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2009 | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes, (II) Discussions on Experimental Results and Underlying Physics | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Anomalous Heat Generation in Charging of Pd Powders with High Density Hydrogen Isotopes, (II) Discussions on Experimental Results and Underlying Physics | By our D(H)-gas charging experiments using Pd/PdO/ZrO2 powders, we obtained: 1) Dgas charge in the 1st phase (zero pressure interval) gave 20~90 % more excess heat than those for Hgas charge. 2) In the 2nd phase of pressure rise (finally up to 1MPa), significant excess heat (about 2 kJ/g-Pd) for D-gas charge was observed, while near zero level excess heat for H-gas charge was observed. We discuss the underlying surface and nano-particle physics in views of the enhanced surface adsorption potential by fractal sub-nano-scale trapping points on nano-Pd grain, the diffusion to inner shallower Bloch potential of regular Pd lattice, and the drastic mesoscopic and isotopic effect of surface and lattice rearrangement of nano-Pd particle by full D(H)-absorption to make deeper D(H) trapping potentials (about 2eV for D). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=114 | |||||
| 4122 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A. | 2009 | Neutron Spectra in CMNS - Model Predictions and Past Data ? | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Neutron Spectra in CMNS - Model Predictions and Past Data ? | According to the recent SPAWAR claim on 12C(n,n?)3a detection due to 14 MeV neutrons by D-T reaction in a D2O/Pd co-deposition cell, we reminds our old discussion on observed neutron spectra from CMNS/CF cells in the past. Structure or shape of neutron spectra should give important (decisive) evidences on underlying physical mechanisms on possible deuteron-related nuclear fusions in PdDx systems. This paper discusses plausible neutron spectra as consequences of major theoretical model predictions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=120 | |||||
| 4123 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2009 | Dynamic Mechanism of TSC Condensation Motion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 2 | Dynamic Mechanism of TSC Condensation Motion | This paper discusses and explains the time-dependent quantum-mechanical behavior of electron-clouds in 4D/TSC (tetrahedral symmetric condensate) condensation motion by the Langevin equation, in comparison with steady ground state electron orbits and their de Broglie wave lengths for the D-atom and D2 molecule. An electron orbit in a 'd-e-d-e' quasi-molecular system of a face of 4D/TSC under time-dependent condensation makes a spiral track, finally reaching the center-of-mass point of the TSC, with a tail of time-varying effective wave length. The role and merit of the heavy mass electronic quasi-particle expansion theory (HMEQPET) method for approximating time-dependent TSC trapping potential and relating it to the estimation of time-dependent Coulomb barrier penetration probabilities of a 4D cluster is explained. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAdynamicmeca.pdf | |||||||
| 4124 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2011 | Jyouon kakuyuugou hurontia 2011 (in Japanese: 'The Frontiers of Cold Fusion 2011') | JCFRS | Jyouon kakuyuugou hurontia 2011 (in Japanese: 'The Frontiers of Cold Fusion 2011') | review | Extended Review Paper for JCF12 Invited Talk, December 17-18, 2011, Kobe, in Japanese. 常温核融合の研究は、2008年の拙著「常温核融合2008―凝集核融合のメカニズム、工学社」で説明した状況の以後、どのような動向となっているかと気にかけておられることと思う。2011年末の最新の状況を、理論の進展とガス系実験の進展を中心にして、この小論で紹介してみたい。 状 Review Vol.19 (April 2011)に掲載された著者の小拙文「まだまだ続く常温核融合研究」をそのまま以下にコピーして引用することとした。 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAjyouonkakua.pdf | ||||||
| 4125 | Conference Proceedings | Takahashi, A., Kitamura, A., Miyoshi, Y., Sakoh, H., Taniike, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y. | 2011 | Phenomenology of Nano-Particle/Gas-Loading Experiments (PowerPoint slides) | ACS National Meeting | Anaheim, CA | Phenomenology of Nano-Particle/Gas-Loading Experiments (PowerPoint slides) | nano-particles | [Part-I] Brief Summary of the Kobe Group Experiments Anomalous data for D(H) absorption and heat-evolution by nano-Pd/ZrO2 and Pd-Ni/ZrO2 dispersed samples Recovery of Loading Ratio and Heat-level by Forced Oxidization (MO) and deoxidization of Used Samples Role of PdO surface coating of Pd nano-particle and Pd ad-atoms on binary nano-particle (Pd-Ni); what happens under D(H) charging [Part-II] Modeling Anomalies Phenomenological Model for anomalous 'chemical + nuclear' heat evolution Anomalous Chemical Heat by 'Mesoscopic Catalyst' Link to D-cluster formation and 4D/TSC fusion | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TakahashiAphenomenol.pdf | |||||
| 4126 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2011 | Progress in Condensed Cluster Fusion Theory | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Progress in Condensed Cluster Fusion Theory | Condensed cluster fusion, Deuteron cluster fusion, 4D Fusion, Helium-4, Tetrahedral symmetric condensate, Timedependent condensation | The theoretical models on Condensed Cluster Fusion in the dynamic ordering process of deuterons in condensed matter (especially PdDx lattice) have been elaborated in three steps in the period from 1989 to 2009. The present paper briefly reviews theoretical modeling, mathematical formulation and quantitative estimations of multi-body deuteron fusion rates, time-dependent screening effect by electron clouds, and time-dependent size of condensing clusters as 4D/TSC. TSC is the tetrahedral symmetric condensate and key idea for clustering and dynamic condensation. Final products of 4D fusion are mainly 4He nuclei with 2-5 MeV main component and 23.8 MeV minor component. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=277 | ||||||
| 4127 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y., Kitamura, A., Sasaki, Y., Miyoshi, Y., Taniike, A. | 2011 | Role of PdO Surface-coating in CMNE D(H)-Gas Loading Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | Role of PdO Surface-coating in CMNE D(H)-Gas Loading Experiments | Anomalous heat, Collective mesoscopic potential, D-gas loading, Mesoscopic catalyst, Over-full D/Pd loading, Pd nano-particle, Phenomenological model, Role of PdO, Sub-nano dip | The PdO-coated layer of Pd-nano-particle may arrange fractal nano-dips on its surface when D(H)-gas is charged and de-oxidation molecules (D2Oor H2O) are released. Fractal nano-dips may make local deep adsorption potentials, through which rapid penetration of D-atoms (ions) into deeper Pd-local lattice (Bloch potential) O-sites of nano-particle may be induced, to realize full or over-full D(H) loaded state (x >1.0) of PdDx in a short time of the Phase-I process. Formation of D-clusters, such as 4D/TSC on surface may be enhanced at nano-dips. A phenomenological model of quasi-free D-motion under constraint of the Bloch potential within a global mesoscopic potential well is proposed for the Phase-II phenomena, where nuclear heating by 4D fusion reactions may rather steadily take place. Generation of collective mesoscopic potential well (CMPW) will make a Pd nano-particle with PdO working as ??esoscopic catalyst? which realizes very large D(H)-loading ratios and anomalously large chemical heat releases both for H-gas and D-gas loading. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedd.pdf#page=23 | ||||||
| 4128 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2012 | Are Ni + H Nuclear Reactions Possible? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | Are Ni + H Nuclear Reactions Possible? | Clean fission, 4H/TSC WS fusion, Ni + H CF experiments, Ni + 4H/TSC capture, Nuclear reaction models | Various cases of possible orthodox nuclear reaction processes, including newly proposed 4H/TSC fusion by simultaneous weak and strong interactions, 4H/TSC + Ni induced fission products, Ni + p reactions and reaction by deuteron impurity, are comparatively discussed for feasibility. (1) Ni + p nuclear reaction is impossibly difficult to make the Coulomb-field penetration of proton through so many inner electron shells (K, L, M), usually non-active in chemical reactions, of Ni-atom. Also the proton capture with Ni-nucleus, if any with kW level power, should emit lethal prompt gamma-rays which have never been observed. So, this type of nuclear reactions is unlikely. (2) Deuteron impurity (1/6700 in H2 gas usually) may induce (3H+D)/TSC fusion to be considered. Conditioning of 3-dimensional symmetry of QM-wave function for TSC is however of problem to condense into microscopic neutral entity small enough for causing any strong interactions. (3) The newly proposed 4H/TSCWS (weak-strong interaction simultaneously) fusion is a plausible scenario to have clean products (3He and proton, or deuterons) with significantly enhanced reaction rates in Ni nano-particles, for rare-conditioned (as discussed) visible heat generation with very weak secondary neutrons (10-13 order of 3He primary product) and gamma-rays (10-11 order of 3He primary product). Degrees of the generation rate of 4H/TSC (t = 0) transient clusters in Ni-H nano-particles and the life-time elongation of 4H/TSC-minimum state are speculatively studied. The auto-recovery capability of Ni nano-catalyst is considered as the key. (4) The 4H/TSC + Ni-isotope capture-and-fission process, previously proposed in our paper of JCMNS 1 (2007) 86-96 is another plausible scenario, to result in generation of clean fission products in A < 60 mass region. More enhanced 4p + Ni to fission rates than the previous prediction is expected due to the possible elongation of 4H/TSC-minimum-state life time without complete nuclear break-up of the symmetric cluster under dynamic condensation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedh.pdf#page=113 | ||||||
| 4129 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2014 | Physics of Cold Fusion by TSC Theory | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 565-578 Physics of Cold Fusion by TSC Theory | D(H)-cluster, 4D fusion, 4H WS fusion, TSC theory | This paper explains the basic physics of cold fusion by the tetrahedral symmetric condensate (TSC) theory. Models of TSC formation conditions in condensed matter are first proposed. Secondly formulas for cold fusion rates per D(H)-cluster are explained with typical quantitative results. The 4D/TSC fusion and the 4H/TSCWS fusion describe the D (deuterium)-system and the H (protium)-system, respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=575 | ||||||
| 4130 | Journal Article | Takahashi, N., Kosaka, S., Hioki, T., Motohiro, T. | 2014 | Detection of Pr in Cs ion-implanted Pd/CaO multilayer complexes with and without D2 gas permeation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 579-585 Detection of Pr in Cs ion-implanted Pd/CaO multilayer complexes with and without D2 gas permeation | CaO/Pd multilayer complex, Cs Pr, Deuterium permeation, Nuclear transmutation | Iwamura-type nuclear transmutation, 133Cs --> 141Pr, with D2 permeation through Pd/CaO multilayer complex was examined. Using ICP-MS, the amounts of Pr were measured in the range 10E10 atoms/cm^2. The amounts of Pr measured in D2 permeated samples were larger than those in non-D2 permeated samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=585 | ||||||
| 4131 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2015 | Nuclear Products of Cold Fusion by TSC Theory | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 11 Nuclear Products of Cold Fusion by TSC Theory | BOLEP, 4D fusion, Final products, 4He, 3He, 4H WS fusion, n-Halo model, TSC theory | Prediction of nuclear products both for metal?euterium systems and metal protium systems is made on the basic physics of cold fusion by the Tetrahedral Symmetric Condensate (TSC) theory. This paper focuses on final state nuclear reactions of intermediate compound states as 8Be* of 4D/TSC fusion and 4Li* of 4H/TSC WS fusion. Prediction of final products is made by the nucleonhalo model of the highly excited intermediate compound states. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=18 | ||||||
| 4132 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Kitamura, A., Seto, R., Fujita, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Murota, T., Tahara, T. | 2015 | Anomalous Exothermic and Endothermic Data Observed by Nano-Ni-Composite Samples | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 23 Anomalous Exothermic and Endothermic Data Observed by Nano-Ni-Composite Samples | D(H)-gas absorption, Excess heat, Higher temperature, 2W/g-Ni, Ni-based nano-particle | To study the anomalous heat effect of Ni-based binary-metal-nano-powder samples by gas-phase hydrogen isotope absorption/desorption, three kinds of samples CNZ, CNZ-II and NZ were tested for the temperature range 300?573 K. The highest excess heat power, ca. 2W/g-Ni was obtained with CNZ at 573 K. Peculiar H(D)-isotopic effect and sudden heat sink by abrupt H(D)-desorption were observed. The heat phenomenon looks happening on surface of nano-particle. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=30 | ||||||
| 4133 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2015 | Development status of condensed cluster fusion theory | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 514 Development status of condensed cluster fusion theory | |||||||||
| 4134 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A. | 2016 | Fundamental of Rate Theory for CMNS | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 298 Fundamental of Rate Theory for CMNS | Condensed matter nuclear reaction, Enhanced fusion rate, Fermi's golden rule, Finite lifetime, 1 pm d? distance, Time-dependent barrier factor, Trapped D(H) particles, 10 kW heat power | The condensed matter nuclear reactions (CMNR) are thought to happen for trapped H(D) particles within some chemical (electromagnetic) potential well with finite lifetime. As the lifetime is much longer than the collision time of two-body interaction of free particles, the CMNR reaction rates are significantly (of the order of 19?20 in magnitude) enhanced if we compare with estimated reactions rates by the two-body collision formula. The basis of CMNR rate theory is reviewed in this paper by extracting essence of the TSC theory tools developed until now. Derivation of Fermi's golden rule with nuclear optical potential, rate formulas by Born-Oppenheimer wave function separation, estimation of bracket integral of inter-nuclear strong interaction rate, estimation of time dependent barrier penetration probability by the HMEQPET method for dynamic D(H)-cluster condensation/collapse process, and DD fusion power levels as functions of inter-nuclear d? distance and effective existing (life) time are given. A DD fusion power level of 10 kW/mol-dd-pairs is possible for a 1 pm inter-nuclear d? distance with 10 ato-seconds lifetime. The level of 2.8 nano-mol 4D/TSC formations/s may release 10 kW neutron-free heat-power with 4He ash. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=306 | ||||||
| 4135 | Journal Article | Takahashi, A., Ido, H., Hattori, A., Seto, R., Kamei, A., Hachisuka, J., Yokose, T., Mori, Y., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y. | 2020 | Latest Progress in Research on AHE and Circumstantial Nuclear Evidence by Interaction of Nano-Metal and H(D)-Gas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Latest Progress in Research on AHE and Circumstantial Nuclear Evidence by Interaction of Nano-Metal and H(D)-Gas | Anomalous heat, Circumstantial nuclear evidence, Enhancement, Elevated temperature, Excess thermal power, Gas turbulence, Hydrogen gas, 100 W/kg, Nano-composite-metals, Ni-based, Over 1 keV/H(D), Repeated calcination, Specific reaction energy Band States | Recent results on anomalous heat effect (AHE) by interaction of binary nano-composite metal powders and H (or D) gas, after the NEDO-MHE project (2015?2017) are the subject of this paper. The Pd?i10/zirconia (PNZ10) and Cu?i7/zirconia (CNZ7) powders by melt-spun and calcination method were for AHE active material samples, and were re-used by additional calcination. An amount of 80?400 W/kg level excess thermal power Wex of sustainable continuity for several weeks has been reproducibly observed at elevated temperature around 300?C, by using re-calcined PNZ-type samples with D-gas, significantly in net D-gas desorption mode. Specific reaction energy (?-value) per D-transferred was very large as from 100 eV/D to 500 eV/D. Very weak (0.1?0.2 n/J level) neutron emission looked correlating with the rise-up heat burst of thermal power after joule heating started. These results can be of the circumstantial evidence of the AHE by the nano-metal D-gas interaction. Data of 50-140 W/kg level excess thermal power was repeatedly obtained by CNZ-type samples with H-gas at elevated temperatures after the saturation of H-gas absorption (endothermic) by sample. Excess thermal power of ca. 50?70 W continued for more than two weeks by 505 g CNZ7r (re-calcined) sample, with very strange evolution of the cooled-flat and oscillating TC4 RC upper flange temperatures. . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=20 | ||||||
| 4136 | Journal Article | Takata, N., Kaneko, H., Nozaki, K., Sakuta, K., Tanimoto, M. | 1989 | A preliminary attempt to measure neutrons from cold fusion | Denshi Gijutsu Kenkyusho Iho, Vol = 53 | A preliminary attempt to measure neutrons from cold fusion | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 4137 | Journal Article | Takeda, T., Takizuka, T. | 1989 | Fractofusion mechanism | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 58, Num = 9, Page = 3073 | Fractofusion mechanism | Theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 4138 | Journal Article | Takeda, T. | 1991 | Theory of room temperature nuclear fusion | Genshiryoku Kogyo, Vol = 37, Num = 4, Page = 40 (in Japanese) | Theory of room temperature nuclear fusion | review | ||||||||
| 4139 | Conference Proceedings | Talcott, C. L., Storms, E., Jalbert, R. A., Hoffman, N., David, M. A. | 1989 | Tritium Measurements: Methods, Pitfalls, and Result | EPRI/NSF Planning Workshop | Washington, DC | Oct. 16-18, 1989 | Tritium Measurements: Methods, Pitfalls, and Result | tritium, error, method, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||
| 4140 | Conference Proceedings | Talcott, C. L. | 1990 | Palladium Lattice Dimension Changes Associated With the Two Legs of the Hystersis Loop | JOWOG-12 Meeting, Atomic Weapons Estab. | Aldermaston | Sept. 10-14, 1990 | Palladium Lattice Dimension Changes Associated With the Two Legs of the Hystersis Loop | PdD, Lattice Parameter, PdH | ||||||
| 4141 | Conference Proceedings | Talcott, C. L., Storms, E. | 1990 | An Overview of 'Cold Fusion' | JOWOG-12 Meeting, Atomic Weapons Estab. | Aldermaston, England | Sept. 10-14, 1990 | An Overview of 'Cold Fusion' | review | ||||||
| 4142 | Report | Taleyarkhan, R. P., Block, R. C., West, C. D., Lahey, R. T. | 2002 | Comments on Shapira and Saltmarsh report | JOWOG-12 Meeting, Atomic Weapons Estab. | Purdue U. | Comments on Shapira and Saltmarsh report | review | |||||||
| 4143 | Journal Article | Taleyarkhan, R. P., West, C. D., Cho, J. S., Lahey, R. T., Nigmatulin, R. I., Block, R. C. | 2002 | Evidence for Nuclear Emissions During Acoustic Cavation | Science, Vol = 295 | Evidence for Nuclear Emissions During Acoustic Cavation | acoustic, sonic, neutron | ||||||||
| 4144 | Journal Article | Taleyarkhan, R. P., West, C. D., Cho, J. S., Lahey, R. T., Nigmatulin, R. I., Block, R. C. | 2002 | Evidence for Nuclear Emissions During Acoustic Cavation (Supplemental #1 for Science Online) | Science, Vol = 295 | Evidence for Nuclear Emissions During Acoustic Cavation (Supplemental #1 for Science Online) | acoustic, sonic, neutron | ||||||||
| 4145 | Journal Article | Taleyarkhan, R. P., West, C. D., Cho, J. S., Lahey, R. T., Nigmatulin, R. I., Block, R. C. | 2002 | Evidence for Nuclear Emissions During Acoustic Cavation (Supplemental #2 for Science Online) | Science, Vol = 295 | Evidence for Nuclear Emissions During Acoustic Cavation (Supplemental #2 for Science Online) | acoustic, sonic, neutron | ||||||||
| 4146 | Book Section | Taleyarkhan, R. P., West, C. D., Lahey, R. T., Nigmatulin, R. I., Block, R. C., Cho, J. S., Xu, Y. | 2009 | Recent Advances and Results in Acoustic Inertial Confinement Bubble Nuclear Fusion | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and New Energy Technologies Sourcebook Volume 2 | American Chemical Society | Washington DC | ACS Symposium Series Recent Advances and Results in Acoustic Inertial Confinement Bubble Nuclear Fusion | doi: 10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch008 0-8412-2454-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1029.ch008 | ||||||
| 4147 | Conference Proceedings | Talley, T. L. | 1989 | Nuclear weapon Implications of 'Cold' Fusion | The 7th Biennial Nuclear Design Phys. Conf | Lawrence Livermore Laboratory | Oct. 15-20, 1989 | Nuclear weapon Implications of 'Cold' Fusion | theory, weapon | ||||||
| 4148 | Journal Article | Talley, T. L. | 1989 | Importance of Tritium Experiments | The 7th Biennial Nuclear Design Phys. Conf | Importance of Tritium Experiments | theory, tritium, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 4149 | Conference Proceedings | Tamaki, M., Tasaka, K. | 1992 | Field Formation of the Condensed Matter Fusion by Electro-Transport of Deuterium in Palladium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 593 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Field Formation of the Condensed Matter Fusion by Electro-Transport of Deuterium in Palladium | Pd, H, charge, structure, PdH, electromigration, ICCF-3, effective charge | A model of cold fusion was proposed. Electrotransport effect on deuterium in palladium was crystallographically examined and verified for the field formation of the condensed matter fusion. Electrotransported palladium hydride was analyzed by neutron radiographic technique. The effective number of the electric charge of hydrogen in PdH0.67 was evaluated to be +0.30 ? 0.05. Effective charge of H in PdH0.67 is +0.30??0.05. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=392 | ||
| 4150 | Journal Article | Tamayo, J. M. M., Rivas, J. M., Celis, B. Z., Garcia, F. P. R., Penaloza, O. N. | 1990 | Experiments on cold fusion at IMP | Rev. Inst. Mex. Pet., Vol = 22 | Experiments on cold fusion at IMP | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, gamma emission, heat- | ||||||||
| 4151 | Journal Article | Tanabe, K. | 2017 | Plasmonic Concepts for Condensed Matter Nuclear Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Plasmonic Concepts for Condensed Matter Nuclear Fusion | Electromagnetic field enhancement, Laser, Metal nanoparticles, Metal nanoshells, Nanophotonics, Plasmonics, Power/energy density | We propose and numerically investigate a scheme to provide high-density optical or electromagnetic energy to fuel materials for condensed matter nuclear fusion. Surface plasmons in metal nanoparticulates strongly interact with electromagnetic fields at their resonance, resulting in an intense focusing of the incident energy around the metal surface. It is therefore possible to take the advantage of such high energy concentration, under laser or electric power input, for instance by simply coating the conventional Pd-based fuel materials with noble-metal nanoparticles or nanoshells. This field-enhancement effect can be a powerful method to boost the fusion-triggering electromagnetic or optical energy to significantly improve the reaction rate and experimental reproducibility, and to create low-D-load fusion systems. Importantly, this enhancement scheme is applicable to both gas- and liquid-phase systems, and furthermore, not only for laser/optical power, but also for the conventional electrolysis systems due to the equivalency between light and electromagnetic fields. We also show that the conventional fusion-catalyzing metals of Pd, Ni, and Ti themselves intrinsically exhibit a certain degree of field enhancement for their nanostructured form. Therefore, we point out that this plasmonic effect may have been unknowingly produced particularly in the electrolysis-type fusion experiments reported so far. This field-enhancement phenomenon thus could be a clue to solve the mystery of the energy supplied to overcome the gigantic Coulomb barrier to produce the fusion reaction observed with visible rates, as well as a powerful tool for further technical progress. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=308 | ||||||
| 4152 | Journal Article | Tanabe, K. | 2018 | Plasmonic Field Enhancement on Planar Metal Surfaces for Condensed Matter Nuclear Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Plasmonic Field Enhancement on Planar Metal Surfaces for Condensed Matter Nuclear Fusion | Electromagnetic field, Electrolysis, Interface, Laser, Metal, Nanophotonics, Plasmonics, Power/energy density | The enhancement of electromagnetic field energy density around planar metal/dielectric interfaces has been quantitatively investigated. We have found that a certain degree of enhancement is available for Pd, Ni, and Ti, which are commonly used in the field of condensed-matter nuclear fusion. Our results indicate that this electromagnetic boosting effect may have been unknowingly produced in the experiments reported so far, particularly for the electrolysis-type ones. Importantly, this plasmonic enhancement occurs in the case of an optical-power incidence as well as an electric-bias application. It is therefore important to design and optimize the experimental systems, including the choice of materials, structures, and operating conditions, while accounting for the plasmonic energy enhancement effect around the metal surfaces. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=158 | ||||||
| 4153 | Journal Article | Tanabe, K. | 2020 | Plasmonic Field Enhancement at Oxide/Metal Interfaces for Condensed Matter Nuclear Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | Plasmonic Field Enhancement at Oxide/Metal Interfaces for Condensed Matter Nuclear Fusion | Electrolysis, Electromagnetic field, Interface, Laser, Metal, Nanoparticles, Nanophotonics, Plasmonics, Power/energy density functional calculation, Phase diagram, Quantum espresso, Thermodynamics | The enhancement of electromagnetic field energy density around planar metal/oxide interfaces and metal nanoparticles in oxide matrices has been quantitatively investigated, to analyze the experiments reported so far, as well as to provide a design guide for future experimental systems. We have found that a certain degree of enhancement is available for commonly used material combinations in the field of condensed-matter nuclear fusion, and use of Ag, Al, Au, and Cu would particularly provide significantly larger enhancement. This electromagnetic boosting effect may have unknowingly benefited the experiments reported so far, particularly for the electrolysis-type ones, and its active utilization by proper material and structure choices can improve condensed-matter fusion systems further. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 4154 | Journal Article | Tanaka, M. | 1992 | Parametric enhancement of the tunneling transmission through a potential barrier | J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., Vol = 29 | Parametric enhancement of the tunneling transmission through a potential barrier | theory, tunnelling | ||||||||
| 4155 | Conference Proceedings | Tanaka, T., Himeno, S. | 2002 | A possible enhancement mechanism | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | A possible enhancement mechanism 4042 | theory, electron screening | An enhancing mechanism of nuclear fusions is presented, most part of which is within the framework of the traditional theories. In this mechanism, electron currents play an important role, which are induced by an externally applied field or counterstreams of free electrons which naturally exist inside, surface and outside of bulk metals. At places of electron currents, the electric potential becomes negative and there relevant nuclei gather and collide. Then, if electrons exist in close vicinities in addition, there the electric potential barriers are lowered further and the tunneling effects which bring about nuclear fusions drastically increase. Resultantly, the rate of nuclear fusions enhances as a whole. Then, if shape of the current can be sufficiently fine and strong the increase is more drastic. It is not clear that at present the mechanism can make enhance the fusion to any extent | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TanakaTapossiblee.pdf | |||
| 4156 | Conference Proceedings | Tani, T., Kobayashi, Y. | 1992 | Tunnel Disintegration and Neutron Emission Probability | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 589 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Tunnel Disintegration and Neutron Emission Probability | theory, ICCF-3 | It is shown that the main features of the so-called cold fusion, that is, poor reproducibility, high tin ratio and the energy spectrum of neutrons, can be explained by the 'tunnel disintegration' of a deuterium and the subsequent 'dipole disintegration' of a deuteron. Especially, the 2.45-MeV peak found in the energy spectrum, which has been considered to be owing to the d-d nuclear fusion, is explained by this mechanism, and therefore the observation of 2.45-MeV neutrons may not be a direct verification of the d-d nuclear fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=325 | ||
| 4157 | Conference Proceedings | Tani, T., Kobayashi, Y. | 1996 | A model for neutron emission from condensed matter | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 319 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | A model for neutron emission from condensed matter | theory, neutron, ICCF-6 | We propose a quantum-mechanical model for the neutron emission from condensed matter. This model is based on two new phenomena: the tunnel disintegration of an ionized deuterium molecule and the subsequent dipole disintegration of a deuteron. We calculated the probabilities of the neutron emission from condensed matter by considering the mechanisms of the dipole disintegration, especially the transition from the ground state to the decaying state. The results of the numerical calculation can successfully explain the important features of the neutron energy spectrum : the 2.45-MeV peak, the high-energy component at 3 ~ 7 MeV, and the large Tin ratio. This indi cates that the 2.45-MeV neutrons can be predicted by the dipole disintegration of the deuteron instead of the d-d nuclear fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=334 | |||
| 4158 | Journal Article | Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T., Irie, S. | 1989 | Detection of charged particles emitted by electrolytically induced cold nuclear fusion | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 28, Num = 11, Page = L2021 | Detection of charged particles emitted by electrolytically induced cold nuclear fusion | neutron, method, particle emission, Pd, D2O, H2O | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: We have tried to obtain evidence for electrolytically induced cold nuclear fusion by detecting charged particles associated with the nuclear reaction. Charged particles were detected by a conventional silicon surface barrier detector attached close to the thin foil cathode which formed the bottom of an electrolysis cell. The efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio of this system are higher than those of neutron detection systems, which made it easy to determine whether the fusion occurred or not. The energy spectrum measured with the electrolysis of D2O suggested that the nuclear reaction took place in palladium cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TaniguchiRdetectiono.pdf | ||||||
| 4159 | Journal Article | Taniguchi, N., Baba, S., Kawamura, K., Gamo, T. | 1990 | Conditions for cold nuclear fusion | Nippon Kagaku Kaishi | Conditions for cold nuclear fusion | electrolysis Pd, D2O, D2, titanium, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 4160 | Conference Proceedings | Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T. | 1990 | High Sensitivity Measurement of Charged Particles Emitted During Pulsed Electrolysis of D2O | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 445 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | High Sensitivity Measurement of Charged Particles Emitted During Pulsed Electrolysis of D2O | particle emission, D2O, Pd | ||||
| 4161 | Journal Article | Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T. | 1990 | High sensitivity measurement of charged particles using a silicon surface barrier detector | Hoshasen, Vol = 16 | High sensitivity measurement of charged particles using a silicon surface barrier detector | particle emission, electrolysis, Pd | ||||||||
| 4162 | Journal Article | Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T., Irie, S. | 1990 | Fine structure of the charged particle bursts induced by D2O electrolysis | Bull. Univ. Osaka Prefect., Ser A, Vol = 39, Num = 2, Page = 233 | Fine structure of the charged particle bursts induced by D2O electrolysis | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, particle emission | ||||||||
| 4163 | Conference Proceedings | Taniguchi, R., Yamamoto, T. | 1992 | Fine Structure of the Charged Particle Bursts Induced by D2O Electrolysis | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 519 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Fine Structure of the Charged Particle Bursts Induced by D2O Electrolysis | particle emission, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Internal structures of charged particle bursts induced by the D2O electrolysis have been studied by use of a fast response measurement system. Charged particles were detected by a NE102a plastic scintillation counter. The electrolysis was continued at low temperature at 4? for 3 hours. After then, the cell was warmed up to several ten degrees of Celsius scale. During the warming-up, we caught some anomalous pulse emissions of charged particles. The pulse shapes of the bursts were found to be complicated and the duration of the bursts was distributed from 40 to 100 nanosecond . Comparison of these pulse shapes and standard response for a single particle suggests that the burst is a pile-up pulse and consists of many particles. Pd foil was electrolytically charged from one side and charged particles were observed from the other side. A complicated pulse shape of burst emission was found which could not be used to identify the species. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=257 | ||
| 4164 | Conference Proceedings | Taniguchi, R. | 1993 | Characteristic Peak Structures on Charged Particle Spectra During Electrolysis Experiment | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 18 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Characteristic Peak Structures on Charged Particle Spectra During Electrolysis Experiment | particle emission, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, energy, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4165 | Conference Proceedings | Taniguchi, M., Kaji, N., Takahashi, A. | 1996 | Search for Anomalous Nuclear Reactions in PdDx by Detection of Nuclear Products in Vacuum/Gas System | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 356 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Search for Anomalous Nuclear Reactions in PdDx by Detection of Nuclear Products in Vacuum/Gas System | Pd, particle emission, neutron, ICCF-6 | To detect charged particles from deuterated palladium for the direct evidence of anomalous nuclear reactions in solids, the heat-and-gas-release experiments have been performed. No very clear data for charged particle emission, neutron emission and helium-4 production have been obtained until now. The cause of mass-5 peak increase was discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=371 | |||
| 4166 | Conference Proceedings | Taniguchi, S., Shimadu, S., Narita, S., Odashima, T., Teshima, N., Ohmori, T. | 2005 | ICP-MS Analysis of Electrodes and Electrolytes after HNO3/H2O Electrolysis | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | ICP-MS Analysis of Electrodes and Electrolytes after HNO3/H2O Electrolysis | transmutation | ||||||
| 4167 | Conference Proceedings | Tanzella, F. L., Crouch-Baker, S., McKeown, A., McKubre, M. C. H., Williams, M., Wing, S. | 1996 | Parameters affecting the loading of hydrogen isotopes into palladium cathodes | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 171 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Parameters affecting the loading of hydrogen isotopes into palladium cathodes | loading, Pd, D2O, OCV, composition, electrolysis, surface analysis, ICCF-6 | We have tested our new Degree of Loading (DoL) cell design which can be directly transferred to the SRI mass flow calorimeter. We have shown that appropriately prepared Pd cathodes can reach high loadings in this new design and that the cells can be transferred to the calorimeter without degrading the cathode's or cell's performance. In all of the experiments the cathode deloaded at higher current densities, and ostensibly identical cathodes yield significantly different D:Pd loading/current density profiles. In the new cell design high purity Pd from IMRA Materials and Johnson Matthey have generally loaded better than recent lots of 99.9% Engelhard Pd. Pd that IMRA Materials cast in air with added CaB6 held its loading best at higher current densities. Electrolyte additives Al, Si, Nd and Sm had no perceptible effect on loading behavior. The regular addition of Cl- ion, similar to what might happen when topping up open cells, can increase or maintain loading. The presence of Cu is detrimental to good loading . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TanzellaFLparameters.pdf | ||
| 4168 | Conference Proceedings | Tanzella, F. L., McKubre, M. C. H., Hagelstein, P. L. | 1998 | Methods for Observing Anomalous Energy Transfer in Solids | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 393 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Methods for Observing Anomalous Energy Transfer in Solids | particle emission, gamma emission, Pd, D2O, H2O, electrolysis, replication ICCF-7 | Based on one of the author's (PLH) theoretical predictions concerning the experimental observation of the consequences of anomalous energy transfer in suitably configured solids, a series of experiments was performed. This theory predicts the production of conventional nuclear products, such as y-rays, a- and B-particles and other charged particles in suitably defined solids, when the energies are modulated on the chemical, rather than nuclear, energy scale. Experiments were carried out in four categories. In one set of experiments, those designed to detect the emission of charged particles during the rapid deloading of metal hydrides on heating, results which may be attributable to anomalous charged particle emission were observed; however, at the present time, mundane experimental artifacts cannot be ruled out as sources of the observed signal. No other anomalies were observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=393 | ||
| 4169 | Conference Proceedings | Tanzella, F. L., McKubre, M. C. H., Hagelstein, P. L., Orondo, P. | 2009 | Triggered Energy Release From Palladium Deuteride (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Triggered Energy Release From Palladium Deuteride (PowerPoint slides) | heat, helium | Research Objective To understand what limits the rate of energy release (power) from the FPE in intentionally destructive experiments employing small, safe samples of ~1:1 PdD in a novel low temperature calorimeter. To search for evidence of potential products of nuclear reaction. To understand underlying reaction processes and mechanisms (theory). To generate, measure, and understand nuclear-level heat effects: * in small, safe samples of ~1:1 PdD * electrochemically formed from fine, short PdDx wires with various known He content * stimulated electrically and/or by laser pulse * measure heat in a novel calorimeter * verify nuclear effects by analyzing the wires for changes in their 3He and 4He content and ratio. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TanzellaFLtriggerede.pdf | ||||
| 4170 | Conference Proceedings | Tanzella, F. L., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2009 | Calorimetry Of Pulse Electro-Melting of PdDx Wires | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Calorimetry Of Pulse Electro-Melting of PdDx Wires | Several groups have reported anomalous effects (heat and nuclear products) in thin PdDx materials stimulated by different forms of electro-diffusion. We have designed and tested a calorimeter utilizes an ?xploding wire? technique to examine the effect of a destructive electrodiffusion on a highly loaded PdDx wire. We have shown that highly loaded PdDx wires can be formed using high voltage electrolysis of very high purity D2O with a very thin Pd wire cathode and a thin Pt wire anode. The addition a partial monolayer of a recombination poison yields a highly loaded PdDx cathode. Following that step with the addition of a larger amount of that same poison seals the loaded wire and allows transfer to a cryogenic calorimeter. Our liquid nitrogen boil-off cryogenic calorimeter has been shown to have an accuracy of less than 0.4 J. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=86 | |||||
| 4171 | Conference Proceedings | Tanzella, F. L., Bao, J., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2012 | CMNS Research at SRI (PowerPoint slides) | International Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Symposium, ILENRS-12 | The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185 | CMNS Research at SRI (PowerPoint slides) | review | Three Major Parts of the Field Now * Electrochemical loading of Deuterons into Palladium ? - The initial Fleischmann-Pons approach [FPE] ? - Most work in the field has been in this class ? - 90% of the effort at SRI has been directed to this * Gas loading of Deuterons into Palladium ??- Les Case 'nano'-Pd on C ? - Arata-Zhang combined electrochemistry and gas loading * Gas loading of Protons (and D) into Nickel (and other metals) ? - Work began by Piantelli in early 1990s ? - Recent results at SRI | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TanzellaFLcmnsresear.pdf | |||||
| 4172 | Journal Article | Tanzella, F. L., Bao, J., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2012 | Cryogenic Calorimetry of 'Exploding' PdDx Wires | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | Cryogenic Calorimetry of 'Exploding' PdDx Wires | Cyrogenic calorimetry, Deuterium loading, Electrochemical, Detectability, Exploding wires | Reports in the literature have shown that thin PdDx structures have yielded anomalous effects (heat and nuclear products) when stimulated by different forms of electro diffusion. We have designed, constructed, and operated a calorimeter operating at 77 K with a minimum detectability of less than 0.1 J and an accuracy of less than 0.06 J, which utilizes an ?xploding wire? technique to examine the effect of a destructive electro-diffusion on a highly loaded PdDx wire. We have shown, using a very thin Pd wire cathode and a thin Pt wire anode, that highly loaded PdDx wires can be formed using high-voltage electrolysis of very high-purity D2O. Highly loaded PdDx wires can disintegrate (?xplode?) to form microscopic particles when subjected to high current density pulses at 77 K. Under certain conditions PdDx wires can yield excess energy when subjected to high-current density pulses at 77 K. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensede.pdf#page=99 | ||||||
| 4173 | Journal Article | Tanzella, F. L., Bao, J., McKubre, M. C. H., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2012 | Stimulation of Metal DeuterideWires at Cryogenic Temperatures | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 176-186 Stimulation of Metal DeuterideWires at Cryogenic Temperatures | Calorimetry, Cold fusion, Deuterium, Electrochemistry, Excess heat, Helium, Palladium | Several groups have reported anomalous effects (heat and nuclear products) in thin PdDx materials stimulated by different forms of electro-diffusion. Using our cryogenic calorimeter we have measured the energy released from destructive electro-diffusion of a highly loaded PdH(D)x wires, co-deposited PdH(D)xon highly loaded PdH(D)x wires, and NiH(D)x wires. Generally, the D loaded metals yielded greater and more reliable excess energy than seen with the H loaded metals. The co-deposited PdDxon highly loaded PdDxwires yielded greater excess energy than the bulk wire hydrides or PdDxco-deposited on Ag wires as predicted by the calculations of Hagelstein and DeChiaro. The addition of a partial monolayer of a recombination poison yields a highly loaded PdDx cathode. Electro-stimulation of NiH(D)xwires have also shown excess energy, suggesting that renewed interest in this system may be justified. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=182 | ||||||
| 4174 | Journal Article | Tanzella, F. L., Bao, J., McKubre, M. C. H., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2016 | Seeking X-rays and Charge Emission from a Copper Foil Driven at MHz Frequencies | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 110 Seeking X-rays and Charge Emission from a Copper Foil Driven at MHz Frequencies | Charge emission, Collimated X-ray emission, Karabut experiment, Up-conversion, Vibrations | The absence of energetic nuclear particles in the Fleischmann?ons experiment has been interpreted as indicating that a large nuclear quantum can be down-converted into a great many low energy vibrational quanta. Models that describe this also suggest that low energy vibrational quanta can be up-converted to produce nuclear excitation. Karabut's collimated X-ray emission has been interpreted as being due to the up-conversion of vibrational energy in a small cathode to produce excitation in 201Hg. To test this, we developed a new experiment to vibrate a copper foil with and without surface Hg, and we looked for X-ray emission and charge emission from the surface. Signals were observed in the detectors in both cases; however, the signals in the X-ray detector did not respect the absorption edge of the Be window and are artifacts; and the large current signals associated with charge emission did not charge a capacitor in a simple configuration. We conclude that both are artifacts. The absence of collimated X-ray emission in this case is interpreted as due to the absence of strong low energy nuclear transitions in the copper, and also as ruling out a candidate theoretical model involving up-conversion due to interactions with negative energy transitions. A new interpretation of the Karabut experiment focuses now on lower frequency vibrations in the massive steel cathode holder and vacuum chamber as responsible for the up-conversion, and transfer of the up-converted energy to surface 201Hg to produce the collimated X-ray emission. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=118 | ||||||
| 4175 | Journal Article | Tanzella, F. L., Godes, R., Herrera, R., Eveleigh, C. | 2017 | Controlled Electron Capture: Enhanced Stimulation and Calorimetry Methods | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Controlled Electron Capture: Enhanced Stimulation and Calorimetry Methods | Controlled electron capture, Hydrogen, Isoperibolic, Nickel, Power compensation | The Controlled Electron Capture (CEC) method has been extended to use faster rise and fall time pulses, hydrogen isotope gas based systems at temperatures up to 650?C, and more precise and accurate calorimetry relative to results presented earlier. Our isoperibolic (IPB) cell/calorimeter is operated as an isothermal compensation type calorimeter. Potential sources of error in this system are discussed as well the methods used to minimize them. In power compensation mode the cell is held at a constant temperature using a heater power feedback system and constant power pulses or DC power steps are added to the system, resulting in a reduction of heater power. The relationship between this heater power reduction and DC power passed along the reactor core yields a calibration curve at different temperatures that allows us to evaluate how much output power increased during a given stimulation pulse. The IPB cell/calorimeter was stimulated by commanding different pulse widths at constant amplitude with the pulse power held constant by appropriately varying the pulse repetition rate. At 250?300?C the ratio of output power increase to input pulse power varied from 1.0 to over 2.0 depending on the pulse width at constant input power. That ratio was always 1.0 at all pulse widths attempted at 600?C. These results have been seen tens of times. The amount of excess power was also dependent on the composition of the gas and the metal alloy coatings on the core. The outer layer of the core was always pure Ni. The composition of a multilayer metal?ielectric metal coated core was chosen to allow for reasonable hydrogen solubility and mobility at 300?C. The results of various experiments are discussed Importantly these results presented here ignore the heater power necessary to maintain temperature and the losses in the pulse generator, which can be several times greater than either the stimulation power or power gain. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=313 | ||||||
| 4176 | Report | Tanzella, F. L. | 2018 | Isoperibolic Hydrogen Hot Tube Reactor Studies | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | SRI International | Isoperibolic Hydrogen Hot Tube Reactor Studies | ||||||||
| 4177 | Conference Proceedings | Tanzella, F. L., Godes, R., George, Robert | 2019 | Advanced Isoperibolic Calorimetry in Brillouin's Reactor | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Advanced Isoperibolic Calorimetry in Brillouin's Reactor | Earlier results Existing reactor tube designs and pulse stimulation methods Isoperibol (IPB) calorimeter and existing methods Recent results from IPB reactor/calorimeter Mass flow calorimetry in IPB reactor New calibration methods Preliminary results | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TanzellaFLadvancedis.pdf | ||||||
| 4178 | Journal Article | Tanzella, F. L., George, Robert, Godes, R. | 2019 | Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation in the Ni-H2 System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation in the Ni??2 System | Calorimetry, Excess energy, Hydrogen gas, Nickel, Pulse stimulation | Brillouin Energy and SRI International (SRI) have been performing calorimetry measurements on the Ni(Pd?i/ceramic/Cu(Ni) coated tubes in a H2 atmosphere with nanosecond pulses applied across the ceramic coating. We have been testing new materials, material fabrication techniques, and electrical stimulation methods to produce power and energy output in excess of that reported earlier. By applying fast pulses of several hundred volts and tens of nanoseconds long, the current follows the ??kin-effect? principle and is concentrated at the Ni?eramic interface but returns through the bulk of the Cu. Two stimulation methods were used ? steady-state and dynamic. In the steady-state method, the pulse power is measured directly using fast oscilloscopes that record the voltage across the tube and a shunt resistor in series with the tube. The resistance of the shunt resistor is measured accurately under DC and pulse conditions. The input pulse power is determined by multiplying the calculated root-mean-square voltage and current and recorded every 10 s. Using a sophisticated model of the calorimeter with up to 15 coefficients, the power reaching the five temperature sensors is determined during simultaneous continuous ramps of both heater and pulse powers. The power emanating from the tube is determined during sequences of more frequent low voltage pulses (LVP) and compared to that found using less frequent high voltage pulses (HVP). The power determined during the more frequent LVP is set as the input power during that sequence. The power of the stimulation pulses during the less frequent HVP sequences is maintained equal to that during the more frequent LVP. Then the power calculated from the tube is divided by that calculated during the reference sequences, giving a so-called coefficient of performance (COP). We have shown an increase in both absolute LENR power produced and in COP. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=211 | ||||||
| 4179 | Journal Article | Tanzella, F. L., Godes, R., Liu, J., George, Robert | 2020 | Mass and Heat Flow Calorimetry in Brillouin's Reactor | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Mass and Heat Flow Calorimetry in Brillouin's Reactor | Excess energy, Hydrogen gas, Nickel, Pulse stimulation, System identification | Brillouin Energy (BEC) has continued performing calorimetry measurements on the metal (e.g. Ni)/ceramic/Cu coated ceramic tube (catalyst) in a H2 atmosphere with nanosecond pulses applied across the coatings. The Energy Research Center (ERC) has been examining and verifying BEC's calorimetry for over 18 months since 2 of the calorimeters have been moved from SRI International to BEC's laboratory. We have continued our testing of new materials, material fabrication techniques, and electrical stimulation methods to produce excess power and energy output. By applying fast pulses of several hundred volts and tens of nanoseconds long, the current follows the ??kin-effect? principle and is concentrated at the outer metal?eramic interface but returns through the bulk of the Cu. Two stimulation methods were used ? steady-state and dynamic. In the steady-state method, the pulse power is measured directly using fast oscilloscopes that record the voltage across the catalyst and a shunt resistor in series with the catalyst. The resistance of the shunt resistor is measured accurately under DC and pulse conditions. The input pulse power is determined by multiplying the calculated root-mean-square voltage and current and recorded every 10 s. Using a version of the system identification (SI) heat-flow model designed specifically for the BEC calorimeter, the power reaching the five temperature sensors is determined during simultaneous continuous ramps of both heater and pulse powers. The power emanating from the catalyst is determined during sequences of less frequent, longer duration, low voltage pulses (LVP) and compared to that found using more frequent, shorter duration, high voltage pulses (HVP). The power determined during the less frequent LVP is set as the input power during that sequence. The power of the stimulation pulses during the more frequent HVP sequences is maintained equal to that during the less frequent LVP. Then the calculated power output from the tube is divided by that calculated during the reference sequences, giving a so-called coefficient of performance (COP). We have also used mass flow calorimetry to determine COP. Low voltage, long pulses are chosen to match the input power from high voltage, short pulses. The low voltage pulses are not thought to stimulate LENR, while the high voltage pulses are. This provides a method to compare matching input power under conditions that stimulate LENR with conditions that do not. Any excess heat detected from the high voltage pulse condition is considered to be generated by LENR rather than resistive heating. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=39 | ||||||
| 4180 | Conference Proceedings | Taplin, H. | 1998 | 'Light Element Fission', The Lithium-Fast Proton Nuclear Reaction | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 478 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | 'Light Element Fission', The Lithium-Fast Proton Nuclear Reaction | Theory, transmutation, He, ICCF-7 | The basic reaction is Li + H* -> 2He + 17.3 MeV of energy. (Alphas). This nuclear reaction was first discovered in 1932 by Cockroft and Walton and is one of the earliest observed and studied. They observed single collisions of elements using tracks in a cloud chamber. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=478 | ||
| 4181 | Journal Article | Tashyrev, O., Govorukha, V., Matvieieva, N., Havryliuk, O. | 2019 | Thermodynamic Prediction for Novel Environmental Biotechnologies of Radioactive Waste Water Purification | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | Thermodynamic Prediction for Novel Environmental Biotechnologies of Radioactive Waste Water Purification | Bioremediation of ecosystems, Biotechnologies, Microorganisms, Purification of radioactive waste water, Thermodynamic predictions, history | Extended abstract. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedza.pdf#page=56 | ||||||
| 4182 | Journal Article | Tateno, H., Iwashita, Y. | 1991 | An attempt to observe nuclear fusion in titanium by internal friction | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Suppl., Vol = 30 | An attempt to observe nuclear fusion in titanium by internal friction | titanium, internal friction, D2, H2 | ||||||||
| 4183 | Journal Article | Taubes, G. | 1990 | Cold Fusion Conundrum at Texas A & M | Science, Vol = 248 | Cold Fusion Conundrum at Texas A & M | history, tritium | ||||||||
| 4184 | Book | Taubes, G. | 1993 | Bad science. The short life and weird times of cold fusion | Science, Vol = 248 | Random House | NY | Bad science. The short life and weird times of cold fusion | history, book | 0-394-58456-2 | |||||
| 4185 | Journal Article | Taylor, C. A. | 1991 | Defining the scientific community: A rhetorical perspective on demarcation | Commun. Monogr., Vol = 58 | Defining the scientific community: A rhetorical perspective on demarcation | history | ||||||||
| 4186 | Conference Proceedings | Taylor, S. F., Claytor, T. N., Tuggle, D. G., Jones, S. E. | 1993 | Search for Neutrons from Deuterated Palladium Subject to High Electric Currents | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 17 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Search for Neutrons from Deuterated Palladium Subject to High Electric Currents | neutron, tritium, Pd, D, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4187 | Conference Proceedings | Tazima, K. L., Li, X. Z., Dong, S. Y., Wang, S. C., Mo, D. W., Luo, C. M., Lin, Q. R., Wu, X. D., Li, W. Z., Zhu, Y. F., Hou, P. L., Chang, L. | 1991 | Time-Correlated Neutron Detection From Deuterium Loaded Palladium | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 157 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Time-Correlated Neutron Detection From Deuterium Loaded Palladium | Pd, D2, plasma, ion implantation, neutron, ICCF-2 | Significant neutron bursts and good time-correlation between two independent neutron detection systems were observed in two kinds of experiments on cold fusion. One employed two palladium rods of 2 mm diameter and 5 cm length, deuterated under 1 atm for 30 days, and plasma discharge was applied as a trigger. The other was palladium shavings of 10 g deuterated under 11 atm for 40 days. The averaged background level was 5-6 counts/dwell time (100 s). In both cases, significant neutron emission of successive bursts of 13-60 counts/100 s were observed for several hours and repeated several times during 2-11 days in some cases. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=172 | ||
| 4188 | Journal Article | Terazawa, H. | 1991 | Are Super-Hypernuclei Found in Cosmic Rays? | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 60 | Are Super-Hypernuclei Found in Cosmic Rays? | theory, super heavy elements | ||||||||
| 4189 | Conference Proceedings | Terazawa, T., Sano, T., Kamiya, Y., Oyabe, Y., Ohi, T. | 1996 | Sustentation of higher deuterium loading ratio in palladium | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 179 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Sustentation of higher deuterium loading ratio in palladium | Pd, loading, OCV, over voltage, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-6 | Higher deuterium loading and its sustentation are considered to be a key issue for generating excess heat on 'cold fusion'. In our previous works, several conditions to achieve a high deuterium loading ratio of palladium were found. It is, however, often observed that the deuterium loading ratio struts decreasing after reaching a maximum value under a same electrolytic condition, and the maximum loading ratio could not be sustained for a necessary period of time to come up to observe any excess heat. To maintain such achieved high loading ratio, we have devised and confirmed a new technique based on a finding that a cell voltage during the electrolysis is one of the most important key factors to control such deloading. As the result of our new method, when the cell voltage is kept constant, accordingly electrolytic currents increase at a certain rate, the maximum deuterium loading can be maintained for more than 200 hours. It is found that the decrease in cell voltages is mostly due to the decrease in the deuterium overpotential, by measuring the deuterium overpotential on a palladium cathode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=194 | ||
| 4190 | Journal Article | Tesch, S. | 1990 | Yet again 'cold' nuclear fusion | Radio. Fernsehen Elektro. (East Ger.), Vol = 39 53 (In German) | Yet again 'cold' nuclear fusion | review | ||||||||
| 4191 | Journal Article | Thacker, B., Stratman, J. E. | 1995 | Transmuting common substances. The cold fusion controversy and the rhetoric of science | J. Business Tech. Commun., Vol = 9 | Transmuting common substances. The cold fusion controversy and the rhetoric of science | history | ||||||||
| 4192 | Journal Article | Thomassen, K. L. | 1991 | Remarks by Keith I. Thomassen | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 10, Num = 1, Page = 123 | Remarks by Keith I. Thomassen | history | ||||||||
| 4193 | Book | Thompkins, P., Byrd, C. | 1993 | The Secret Life of Plants | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 10, Num = 1, Page = 123 | Penguin Books | New York | The Secret Life of Plants | transmutation, biological | ||||||
| 4194 | Journal Article | Thompson, A. W. | 1974 | Hydrogen Compatibility of Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys | Metal. Trans. A, Vol = 5 | Hydrogen Compatibility of Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys | H, strength, Ni | ||||||||
| 4195 | Journal Article | Thompson, D. T. | 1990 | A report from the meeting in Salt Lake City | Platinum Met. Rev., Vol = 34 | A report from the meeting in Salt Lake City | review | ||||||||
| 4196 | Journal Article | Thompson, D. T. | 1993 | Further Evidence for Cold Fusion, A Report on the Third International Conference | Platinum Met. Rev., Vol = 37, Num = 1, Page = 14 | Further Evidence for Cold Fusion, A Report on the Third International Conference | review | ||||||||
| 4197 | Journal Article | Tian, Z. Q. | 1992 | A proposal for a cold fusion study in the Ti/D system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | A proposal for a cold fusion study in the Ti/D system | theory, titanium, D2 | ||||||||
| 4198 | Conference Proceedings | Tian, J., Li, X. Z., Yu, W. Z., Mei, M. Y., Cao, D. X., Li, A. L., Li, J., Zhao, Y. G., Zhang, C. | 2002 | 'Excess heat' and 'heat after death' in a gas loading hydrogen/palladium system | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | 'Excess heat' and 'heat after death' in a gas loading hydrogen/palladium system | Pd, H2, heat, gas loading | 'Super-absorption' could occasionally appear when an H/Pd gas-loaded system was heated by an incandescent tungsten filament. The system-pressure was kept on in 10^-2 Pa for several hours without any aid of pumping. In this stage both 'excess heat' and 'heat after death' was observed once. By calibration, the feature constant of the system was 12.8?/W in maximum. When the 'excess heat' appeared, the system temperature was reached 153? at the highest whereas the stable inputting power was 0.45mW. When the 'heat after death' appeared?here was no power input to the system?he temperature of the system abruptly jumped up to 761?. In the former, 25kJ 'excess heat' within 12 hours was measured which corresponded to 180 eV/atom Pd. And about 2MJ 'heat after death' within 43 hours was corresponding to 13keV/atom Pd. The maximum excess powers in each case were 3.3 and 49W and the correlated power density were 230 and 3600 W/cm^3 Pd respectively. The variation results of concentration of Li-7and Li-6 and their abundance ratio in Pd suggested that the anomalous heat might come from a nuclear origin. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TianJexcessheat.pdf | |||
| 4199 | Conference Proceedings | Tian, J., Liu, B., Li, X. Z., Yu, W. Z., Cao, D. X., Zhou, R., Yu, Z. W., Jiang, Z. F., Liu, Y., He, J., Zhou, R. X. | 2002 | Anomalous heat flow and its correlation with deuterium flux in a gas-loading deuterium-palladium system | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Anomalous heat flow and its correlation with deuterium flux in a gas-loading deuterium-palladium system 4043 | heat, deuterium, D2, Pd, radiation | A special experimental device was designed to test the anomalous thermal effect of Pd with deuterium flux (Df ) caused by deuteron diffusion passing through a thin wall of a Pd tube under a D2 pressure difference across the Pd wall. It is found that the variation of the flux was the significant precursor of the anomalous heat, because a remarkable heat flow was detected when the Df? was becoming obviously larger. The experiment was repeated for more than 16 times, and the maximum heat flow detected was 4.8mW whereas the accuracy of the calorimeter is better than 30μW. There were no heat flow detected when the temperature of the device was increased and when the D2 pressure difference equaled to zero. Neither heat flow nor flux was observed in the control experiment using N2.gas. The results of TLD (Themoluminescence dosimeter) detection implied a nuclear origin of the heat flow because the dosage of radiation in reaction vessel was often higher than that in reference vessel. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TianJanomaloush.pdf | |||
| 4200 | Conference Proceedings | Tian, J., Jin, L. H., Weng, Z. K., Song, B., Zhao, X. L., Xiao, Z. J., Chen, G., Du, B. Q. | 2004 | 'Excess Heat' during Electrolysis in Platinium/K2CO3/Nickel Light Water System | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | 'Excess Heat' during Electrolysis in Platinium/K2CO3/Nickel Light Water System | nickel, hydrogen NiH, loading, heat | |||||||
| 4201 | Conference Proceedings | Tian, J., Jin, L. H., Shen, B., Wang, Q., Dash, J. | 2007 | Heat Measurements And Surface Studies Of Pd Wires After Being Exposed To A H2 Gas-Loading System Irradiated With A YAG Frequency Doubling Laser | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Heat Measurements And Surface Studies Of Pd Wires After Being Exposed To A H2 Gas-Loading System Irradiated With A YAG Frequency Doubling Laser | Excess heat | Abstract: This study involved excess heat triggering attempts with a YAG frequency doubling laser (λ=532nm) used to irradiate palladium hydrides with different gas-loading ratios. The results showed that experiments using laser stimulation produced no significant excess heat evidence. However, on the surface of Pd sample there were some new elements including Ag and Cd. These were found in localized sites by SEM and EDS analysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TianJheatmeasur.pdf | |||||
| 4202 | Conference Proceedings | Tian, J., Jin, L. H., Shen, B. J., Weng, Z. K., Lu, X. | 2008 | Excess Heat Triggering by 532nm Laser in a D/Pd Gas-Loading System | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Excess Heat Triggering by 532nm Laser in a D/Pd Gas-Loading System | D/Pd gas-loading system, heat triggering, static pulsed laser, loading ratio, excess heat | A laser (λ=532 nm) operated in three modes (continuous, static pulsed and dynamic pulsed) was used to irradiate a series of palladium deuterides with different deuteron loading ratios in a D/Pd gas-loading system. (The loading ratios were D/Pd=0, 0.08, 0.10, 0.17 and 0.27.)? The results showed that static pulsed triggering produces a maximum excess heat effect of about 2.6 kJ within a half hour when the loading ratio of Pd was about 0.1 and input power was 25 mW. This corresponds to 4.9 x 10^-15 J/atom D or 1.8 x 10^4 W/cm^3 Pd. The reason the static pulsed triggering produced more excess heat than other two modes needs to be further studied. The proper ratio in the Pd lattice matching a suitable triggering power may be a key point for heat production. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TianJexcessheatb.pdf | |||||
| 4203 | Journal Article | Tian, J., Shen, B., Jin, L. H., Zhao, X. G, Lu, X., Wang, H.-Y. | 2014 | Excess Heat Triggered by Different Current in a D/Pd Gas-loading System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 586-593 Excess Heat Triggered by Different Current in a D/Pd Gas-loading System | Current triggering, Deuterium pressure, D/Pd gas-loading system, Excess heat | In order to study the relationship between the triggering current, deuterium pressure and the excess heat, a series of experiments were made in a D/Pd gas-loading system. By comparing the system constants (k=?T/?P) in both nitrogen and deuterium atmosphere we found an optimum current (8A) and a deuterium pressure (9??'104 Pa) in which the system could release a maximum excess power (more than 80W). The reproducibility was 16/16 and the excess energy released in the longest experiment was about 300MJ within 40 days, which was corresponding to 104 eV for each palladium atom. Analysis of the palladium surface with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) revealed that some new surface topographical feature with concentrations of unexpected elements (such as Ag, Sn, Pb and Ca) appeared after the current triggering. The results implied that the excess heat might come from a nuclear transmutation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=596 | ||||||
| 4204 | Journal Article | Tien, J. K., Thompson, A. W., Bernstein, I. M., Richards, P. M. | 1976 | Hydrogen Transport by Dislocations | Metal. Trans. A, Vol = 7 | Hydrogen Transport by Dislocations | H, diffusion, Excess Volume, dislocation | ||||||||
| 4205 | Journal Article | Timashev, S. F. | 1989 | Possible mechanisms for nuclear-chemical transformations in a palladium matrix during heavy water electrolysis | Zh. Fiz. Khim., Vol = 63 | Possible mechanisms for nuclear-chemical transformations in a palladium matrix during heavy water electrolysis | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 4206 | Journal Article | Timashev, S. F. | 1995 | Nuclear-chemical transformations in the condensed phase | Zh. Fiz. Khim., Vol = 69 | Nuclear-chemical transformations in the condensed phase | Theory, electron capture, dineutron | ||||||||
| 4207 | Journal Article | Tinsley, C. | 1996 | An Interview with Professor Martin Fleischmann | Infinite Energy | An Interview with Professor Martin Fleischmann | History | An interview with Prof. Martin Fleischmann conducted by Christopher P. Tinsley. Source: http://www.infinite-energy.com/iemagazine/issue11/fleishmann.html | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TinsleyCanintervie.pdf | ||||||
| 4208 | Journal Article | Tisenko, Yu. A. | 1993 | Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. I | Sov. Phys. J., Vol = 36 | Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. I | discussion | ||||||||
| 4209 | Journal Article | Tisenko, Yu. A. | 1993 | Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. II | Sov. Phys. J., Vol = 36 | Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. II | titanium single crystal, ultrasound accustic | ||||||||
| 4210 | Journal Article | Tisenko, Yu. A. | 1994 | Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. III | Russ. Phys. J., Vol = 37 | Possible ways to achieve cold fusion. III | discussion | ||||||||
| 4211 | Conference Proceedings | Toimela, T. | 2004 | Effective Interaction Potential in the Deuterium Plasma and Multiple Resonance Scattering | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Effective Interaction Potential in the Deuterium Plasma and Multiple Resonance Scattering | theory | Abstract The effective interaction potential for charged particles is calculated in the deuterium plasma formed in the surface region of the palladium cathode in the electrolysis of heavy water. It is shown that the Coulomb potential is overscreened producing, at certain distances, an attractive potential between deuterium nuclei pairs and also between the deuterium nuclei and the surface atoms. This behavior of the effective potential in the deuterium plasma can be regarded as a counterpart of the Friedel oscillations of the electron gas at zero temperature. Because of this attractive potential, there are bound states for the deuteron pairs as well as for the surface atoms and deuterons. In these bound states the equilibrium distance between the nuclei is of the order 0.15 - 0.2 ? depending on the number density of deuterons. The fusion rate is calculated for the bounded deuteron pairs and it is found to be of the order?? per deuteron pair for the highest deuteron densities. Furthermore, it is shown that larger fusion rates are possible for the deuterons bound to the surface atoms. This may arise by a process, where the trapped deuterons share the released energy collectively via a proposed Multiple Resonance Scattering (MRS) mechanism. It is then found that the 4He-channel is the overwhelmingly dominant fusion channel. Moreover, the appearance of the transmutation processes in this MRS procedure are briefly discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ToimelaTeffectivei.pdf | |||||
| 4212 | Conference Proceedings | Toimela, T. | 2007 | Multiple Resonance Scattering | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Multiple Resonance Scattering | theory | The previously proposed Multiple Resonance Scattering (MRS) theory is elaborated. In addition of predicting a radiationless fusion of two deuterium nuclei into a 4He-nucleus in its ground state, the MRS theory is also shown to be in agreement with the experimental results concerning the transmutations of heavier nuclei. A form for the nuclear active environment is suggested and new experiments are proposed to verify the MRS theory. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ToimelaTmultiplere.pdf | |||||
| 4213 | Journal Article | Toimela, T. | 2016 | Theoretical Study of the Transmutation Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | 316 Theoretical Study of the Transmutation Reactions | LENR, Surface, Theory, Transmutation, WKB approximation | Transmutation reactions are studied from a theoretical point of view. An idea is proposed to explain the variations in the transmutation ability of different elements, especially the relative inertness of palladium compared to the other elements. Proposals are made in order to verify experimentally this explanation and to enhance the transmutation signal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=324 | ||||||
| 4214 | Journal Article | Toimela, T. | 2018 | On the Heat Transfer in LENR Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 26 | On the Heat Transfer in LENR Experiments | Heat transfer, LENR, Theory | Thermal conduction is considered in deuterated palladium. We assume that the energy released in a single LENR event thermalizes in a region that has a typical dimension on the order of a hundred nanometers. It is shown that thermal conductivity enables the heat transfer of the energy released in repeated events without causing the lattice to melt. Consequently, continuous power is possible. It is argued that power of close to one watt can arise from a single nuclear active environment, NAE. Both the experimental and theoretical consequences of the results are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedy.pdf#page=74 | ||||||
| 4215 | Journal Article | Toki, H., Sugimoto, K. | 2000 | Deuteron-alpha Bose-Einstein condensation for coherent deuteron fusion in Pd double structure cathode | Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B, Vol = 76B, Num = 3, Page = 35 | Deuteron-alpha Bose-Einstein condensation for coherent deuteron fusion in Pd double structure cathode | Theory, Bose-Einstein | ||||||||
| 4216 | Journal Article | Tomanek, D., Sun, Z., Louie, S. G. | 1991 | Ab initio Calculation of Chemisorption Systems: H on Pd(001) and Pd(110) | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 43 | Ab initio Calculation of Chemisorption Systems: H on Pd(001) and Pd(110) | Density Of States, PdH, bonding, theory | ||||||||
| 4217 | Journal Article | Tomas, P., Blagus, S., Bogovac, M., Hodko, D., Krcmar, M., Miljanic, D., Pravdic, V., Rendic, D., Vajic, M., Vukovic, M. | 1989 | Deuterium nuclear fusion in metals at room temperature | Fizika (Zagreb), Vol = 21 | Deuterium nuclear fusion in metals at room temperature | electrolysis, Pd, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 4218 | Journal Article | Tomellini, M., Gozzi, D. | 1990 | On the possibility for local oversaturation of deuterium in palladium | J. Mater. Sci. Lett., Vol = 9 | On the possibility for local oversaturation of deuterium in palladium | loading, theory | ||||||||
| 4219 | Journal Article | Tom-nek, D., Sun, Z., Louie, S. G. | 1991 | Ab initio Calculation of Chemisorption Systems: H on Pd(001) and Pd(110) | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 43 | Ab initio Calculation of Chemisorption Systems: H on Pd(001) and Pd(110) | Density Of States, PdH, bonding, theory | ||||||||
| 4220 | Conference Proceedings | Toriyabe, Y., Mizuno, T., Ohmori, T., Aoki, Y. | 2005 | Elemental Analysis Of Palladium Electrodes After Pd/Pd Light Water Critical Electrolysis | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Elemental Analysis Of Palladium Electrodes After Pd/Pd Light Water Critical Electrolysis | transmutation, light water | Elemental analyses of palladium electrodes were conducted after a new type of light water electrolysis was performed at optimum conditions in a system designed to induce a nuclear reaction. This process is referred to as Pd/Pd light water critical electrolysis. The conjecture that a nuclear transmutation process is occurring in this experiment is easier to test in this system, because it is easy to determine whether the elements detected on the cathode surface are impurities or transmutation products. We assume that the elements found only on the cathode surface, and nowhere else in the cell as contamination, namely iron, titanium, chromium and so on, must be transmutation products. Furthermore, countless Ohmori-type palladium craters were observed for the first time for this system, and these are evidence that nuclear reactions occurred at the electrode surface. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ToriyabeYelementala.pdf | ||||
| 4221 | Conference Proceedings | Toriyabe, Y., Kasagi, J. | 2008 | Development of New Detector System for Charged Particle Emission | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Development of New Detector System for Charged Particle Emission | Charged particle | |||||||
| 4222 | Conference Proceedings | Toriyabe, Y., Yoshida, K., Kasagi, J. | 2009 | Li+D and D+D Fusion Assisted with Acoustic Cavitation | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Li+D and D+D Fusion Assisted with Acoustic Cavitation | We have studied the Li+D and D+D fusion reactions in liquid Li by bombarding deuteron beams with energies below 70 keV. In the present work, an ultra sonic target system was developed to form acoustic cavitation bubbles in the liquid Li, in order to investigate the effect of the enhanced dynamic motion of the target. It was found that the ultra sonic effect strongly depends on a target condition and the D+D reaction could be enhanced very much due to the liquid Li cavitation. In addition, the D+D reaction rate is not constant but time dependent. Preliminary analyses indicate that decrease of the Coulomb energy barrier is about 2000 eV for a relatively stable condition. On the contrary, the Li+D reaction shows no meaningful effect for incident energies down to 30 keV. The present results indicate that not only density increase but also another mechanism enhancing reaction rates should be exist in liquid Li acoustic cavitation process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=74 | |||||
| 4223 | Journal Article | Toumey, C. P. | 1996 | Conjuring science in the case of cold fusion | Public Understand. Sci., Vol = 5 | Conjuring science in the case of cold fusion | history | ||||||||
| 4224 | Journal Article | Tran, D. N., Tran, D. T., Truong, T. A., Phi, T. H., Tran, V. V. | 1990 | Investigation of nuclear fusion at the normal temperature | Tap Chi Vat Ly, Vol = 15, Num = 1, Page = 29 (in Vietnamese) | Investigation of nuclear fusion at the normal temperature | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, neutron-, tritium- | ||||||||
| 4225 | Conference Proceedings | Triassi, A. | 2004 | Variation Of The Concentration Of Isotopes Copper And Zinc In Human Plasmas Of Patients Affected By Cancer | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Variation Of The Concentration Of Isotopes Copper And Zinc In Human Plasmas Of Patients Affected By Cancer | theory | |||||||
| 4226 | Journal Article | Tripodi, P., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Honnor, P. A., Di Gioacchino, D., Celani, F., Violante, V. | 2000 | Temperature coefficient of resistivity at compositions approaching PdH | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 276 | Temperature coefficient of resistivity at compositions approaching PdH | Pd PdH resistivity | ||||||||
| 4227 | Conference Proceedings | Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Borelli, R., Vinko, J. D. | 2002 | Dynamics of hydrogen loading in palladium | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Dynamics of hydrogen loading in palladium 4045 | loading, Pd, hydrogen, resistence, electrolysis | |||||
| 4228 | Journal Article | Tripodi, P., Armanet, N., Asarisi, V., Avveduto, A., Marmigi, A., Biberian, J. P., Vinko, J. D. | 2009 | The effect of hydrogen stoichiometry on palladium strain and resistivity | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 373, Num = 47 | The effect of hydrogen stoichiometry on palladium strain and resistivity | palladium | The strain and the electrical resistivity of a Pd sample stressed by a constant tension have been investigated through a series of hydrogenation cycles in a continuous H stoichiometry [0 <= x <= 0.8] range. The isotropic lattice expansion for both 'as drawn' and 'annealed' Pd sample reveals a strain of only 1% from pure Pd to PdH0.8 in disagreement with literature data available; the measured effect is minimum at x = 0.13 (? + ? phase) and then from x = 0.6 (? phase) it has an exponential increase. The contribution of the mechanical tensile stress on the total relative elongation of the wire is also investigated. An increase of the Pd sample tensile strain after each hydrogenation cycle is reported for 'as drawn' samples, while for 'annealed' samples the reverse behaviour is observed. Moreover, annealed samples show considerably higher value of tensile strain compared to 'as drawn'. The variation of mechanical strain versus H content, for both 'annealed' and 'as drawn', has a maximum at x = 0.52. Strain variation and resistivity variation versus H content exhibit similar behaviour. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TripodiPtheeffecto.pdf | ||||||
| 4229 | Journal Article | Tripodi, P., Armanet, N., Asarisi, V., Avveduto, A., Marmigi, A., Vinko, J. D., Biberian, J. P. | 2009 | The effect of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles on palladium physical properties | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 373, Num = 35 | The effect of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles on palladium physical properties electrochemistry | palladium | A series of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles have been performed on palladium wire samples, stressed by a constant mechanical tension, in order to investigate the changes in electrical and mechanical properties. A large increase of palladium electrical resistivity has been reported due to the combined effects of the production of defects linked to hydrogen insertion into the host lattice and the stress applied to the sample. An increase of the palladium sample strain due to hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles in alpha -> beta -> alpha phase transitions is observed compared to the sample subjected to mechanical tension only. The loss of initial metallurgical properties of the sample occurs already after the first hydrogen cycle, i.e. a displacement from the initial metallic behavior (increase of the resistivity and decrease of thermal coefficient of resistivity) to a worse one occurs already after the first hydrogen cycle. A linear correlation between palladium resistivity and strain, according to Matthiessen's rule, has been found. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TripodiPtheeffectoa.pdf | ||||||
| 4230 | Journal Article | Trower, W. P. | 1989 | Cold Fusion As Seen With X-Ray Vision | Physics Today, Vol = July | Cold Fusion As Seen With X-Ray Vision | history | ||||||||
| 4231 | Conference Proceedings | Tsarev, V. A., Worledge, D. H. | 1990 | Review of new results on cold nuclear fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Review of new results on cold nuclear fusion | review | ||||
| 4232 | Journal Article | Tsarev, V. A. | 1990 | Cold fusion | Sov. Phys. Usp., Vol = 33, Num = 11, Page = 881 | Cold fusion | review | ||||||||
| 4233 | Conference Proceedings | Tsarev, V. A. | 1991 | Current Status of Cold Fusion | First Int. Sakharov Conf. | Moscow, USSR | May 27-31, 1991 | Current Status of Cold Fusion | review, USSR, Russia | ||||||
| 4234 | Journal Article | Tsarev, V. A., Golubnichii, P. I. | 1991 | Geological manifestations of cold fusion | Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep. | Geological manifestations of cold fusion | geology | ||||||||
| 4235 | Conference Proceedings | Tsarev, V. A. | 1991 | Cold Fusion Studies in the USSR | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 319 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Cold Fusion Studies in the USSR | review, USSR, Russia, ICCF-2 | The Organizing Committee kindly suggested that I should talk about a state of cold fusion (CF) studies i n the Soviet Union. Offering of a special report dedicated to the soviet scientists works seems to be quite justified, since they are not well known to the western scientific community. Meanwhile, both quantitatively and qualitatively they bring a noticeable contribution to the world 'data bank' on this interesting phenomenon. It is even possible that some of these soviet works have been 'precursors' of the 'cold fusion era'. However, inadequate integration of our science with the western one, aggravated by scanty telecommunication media development, has slowed down the process of information exchange on CF not only with outer world, but also in our country . It is sufficient to say that the first Soviet National Conference on CF took place only recently in March of this year (March 22-26, Dubna-Moscow ). Figuratively speaking up to now we have been working behind the scenes and watching the play. Now it is time to raise the curtain. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=334 | ||
| 4236 | Journal Article | Tsarev, V. A., Worledge, D. H. | 1991 | New results on cold nuclear fusion: a review of the conference on anomalous nuclear effects in deuterium/solid systems, Provo, Utah, October 22-24, 1990 | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | New results on cold nuclear fusion: a review of the conference on anomalous nuclear effects in deuterium/solid systems, Provo, Utah, October 22-24, 1990 | review | ||||||||
| 4237 | Conference Proceedings | Tsarev, V. A. | 1992 | Cold Fusion Researches in Russia | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 341 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Cold Fusion Researches in Russia | review, Russia, USSR, ICCF-3 | A review of cold fusion research in the former Soviet Union during the past year is presented. Fewer studies than last year because of ecconomic problems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=86 | ||
| 4238 | Journal Article | Tsarev, V. A., Chechin, V. A. | 1992 | On the nonstationary quantum-mechanical nature of anomalous nuclear effects in a solid | Kratk. Soobshch. Fiz., Vol = 9-10 | On the nonstationary quantum-mechanical nature of anomalous nuclear effects in a solid | theory | ||||||||
| 4239 | Journal Article | Tsarev, V. A., Worledge, D. H. | 1992 | Cold fusion studies in the USSR | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Cold fusion studies in the USSR | review | ||||||||
| 4240 | Journal Article | Tsarev, V. A. | 1992 | Anomalous nuclear effects in solids ('cold fusion'): questions still remain | Sov. Phys. Usp., Vol = 35 | Anomalous nuclear effects in solids ('cold fusion'): questions still remain | critique, review | ||||||||
| 4241 | Journal Article | Tsirlin, M. | 2014 | Comment on the Article ?imulation of Crater Formation on LENR Cathodes Surfaces? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | 1-4 Comment on the Article ?imulation of Crater Formation on LENR Cathodes Surfaces? | Craters, Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions, Origin, Pd cathodes | Formation of small craters on the surface of Pd cathode during electrolysis in electrolytes based on heavy water is sometimes interpreted as a consequence of low-temperature nuclear reactions. In this note we discuss the validity of these statements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedm.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 4242 | Journal Article | Tsirlin, M. | 2017 | Concerning the Problem of Searching for the Optimal Palladium Cathode | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | Concerning the Problem of Searching for the Optimal Palladium Cathode | Deuterium absorption, Low-energy nuclear reactions, Pd cathodes, Structural and composition changes | This article attempts to describe the processes occurring on the surface of palladium cathodes during their electrolytic electrolysis in electrolyte on the base of heavy water. The discussion is based on the experimental data on which were obtained in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) experiments lead for a number of years in Energetics Technology (Israel) (ET). The results of these experiments were presented in detail at the international conferences on cold fusion (ICCF). The main subject of these presentations was the description of experimental techniques and analysis of the results of calorimetric measurements, which in a number of cases indicated anomalous heat release, sometimes very significant, accompanying the process of electrochemical deuteration of Pd cathodes. However, the processes occurring in the cathode material, in particular, its structural transformations occurring during the absorption of deuterium by palladium, in these reports have appeared practically outside of discussion. This article partially fills this gap and, as the author believes, brings some clarity to the problem of searching for ``optimal'' palladium cathodes from the point of view of the probability of initiation of LENR. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedx.pdf#page=62 | ||||||
| 4243 | Journal Article | Tsuchida, T. | 1963 | Role of hydrogen atoms in palladium | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 18 | Role of hydrogen atoms in palladium | Pd, PdH, susceptibility, Hall effect, Pd-Ag-H, lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 4244 | Conference Proceedings | Tsuchida, T., Sasabe, S., Ozaki, M. | 2009 | The effects of nuclear reactions in solids on the phonon dispersion relation | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | The effects of nuclear reactions in solids on the phonon dispersion relation | In this study, theoretical predictions about the effects of nuclear reactions in solids on the phonon dispersion relations are shown. As an initial model, we have tried to treat one dimensional palladium deuteride and have obtained possible changes of phonon dispersion relations due to DD reactions. This method will be applied to the detection of nuclear reactions in solid by using nuclear scattering or Raman spectroscopy. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf#page=80 | |||||
| 4245 | Journal Article | Tsuchiya, K., Ohashi, Y. H., Ohashi, K., Fukuchi, M. | 1991 | Interaction between two neighboring deuterium atoms in palladium | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 172-174 | Interaction between two neighboring deuterium atoms in palladium | theory, distance, jellium | ||||||||
| 4246 | Conference Proceedings | Tsuchiya, K., Ohashi, K., Fukuchi, M. | 1992 | Mechanism of Cold Fusion in Palladium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 633 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Mechanism of Cold Fusion in Palladium | theory, structure, ICCF-3 | A new interpretation of cold nuclear fusion at the center of the boson cluster was given by R. T. Bush et al. The modified theory is given in this paper by adding the effect of screened d-d repulsion. Tunneling probability and power density of cold nuclear fusion in palladium are obtained, and the role of screening effect is found to be very important. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=368 | ||
| 4247 | Journal Article | Tsuchiya, K., Ohashi, K., Fukuchi, M. | 1994 | Mechanism of Cold Nuclear Fusion II | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 493 | Mechanism of Cold Nuclear Fusion II | Theory | ||||||||
| 4248 | Journal Article | Tsuchiya, K., Ohashi, K., Fukuchi, M. | 1995 | A possible mechanism for nuclear reactions in solids | Fusion Technol., Vol = 27 | A possible mechanism for nuclear reactions in solids | theory, Boson clusters | ||||||||
| 4249 | Conference Proceedings | Tsuchiya, K. | 2002 | A possible model for nuclear reaction in metal vacancy including condensed Bose particles | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | A possible model for nuclear reaction in metal vacancy including condensed Bose particles 4046 | theory, Bose-Einstein, multi-body | |||||
| 4250 | Conference Proceedings | Tsuchiya, K. | 2003 | Quantum states of deuterons in palladium | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Quantum states of deuterons in palladium | theory | Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) is one of the candidates to induce the nuclear fusions in solids, because d-d repulsions are screened by conduction electrons and deuterons can be condensed at defects? in solids. In this work, d-d fusion rate in Pd induced by BEC is estimated. The equivalent linear two-body method, which is based on an approximate reduction of many-body problems by variational principle, is used for the calculation. Thomas-Fermi and non-linear screening potentials are used as d-d interactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TsuchiyaKquantumsta.pdf | |||
| 4251 | Conference Proceedings | Tsuchiya, K., Okumura, H. | 2004 | Theoretical Study of Nuclear Reactions Induced by Bose-Einstein Condensation in Pd | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Theoretical Study of Nuclear Reactions Induced by Bose-Einstein Condensation in Pd | theory | |||||||
| 4252 | Journal Article | Tsuchiya, K. | 2004 | Quantum states of deuterons in palladium | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 20 | Quantum states of deuterons in palladium | theory | ||||||||
| 4253 | Conference Proceedings | Tsuchiya, K., Watanabe, A., Ozaki, M., Sasabe, S. | 2008 | Observation of Optical Phonon in Hydrogen Storage Pd Using Raman Spectroscopy | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Observation of Optical Phonon in Hydrogen Storage Pd Using Raman Spectroscopy | phonon, Ramen spectroscopy | The techniques of hydrogen loading in Pd are developed by many workers. And the states of hydrogen in Pd attract many interests because they might be related to the nuclear reactions. In this study, we have tried to observe optical phonon induced by hydrogen-hydrogen interactions in Pd using Raman spectroscopy. This measurement can be done for the sample completely sealed in a glass tube cutting off the influence of the external air, because glass materials are Raman inactive. In the measurement chamber of spectroscopy device, scattered waves of the incident laser beam from the hydrogen storage Pd are detected and Raman shifts including the information about the optical phonon in the sample are derived. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TsuchiyaKobservatio.pdf | |||||
| 4254 | Journal Article | Tsuchiya, K. | 2014 | A Self-Consistent Iterative Calculation for the Two Species of Charged Bosons Related to the Nuclear Reactions in Solids | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 594-602 A Self-Consistent Iterative Calculation for the Two Species of Charged Bosons Related to the Nuclear Reactions in Solids | Bose-Einstein condensation, Cold fusion, Rossi's experiment, Self-consistent method | Many theoretical studies on cold fusion have been done by many workers using Bose?instein condensation (BEC) in order to find a possible mechanism of this phenomenon. In our previous work on BEC approach to the theoretical interpretation of cold fusion, we estimated the transition temperature of BEC in palladium deuteride [1]. It was based on theY.E.Kim's work by using equivalent linear two-body (ELTB) method to the many-body problems of charged bosons trapped in an ion trap [2]. Recently, Kim et al. tried to explain the results of Rossi's experiment [3] by using the ELTB method for a mixture of different two species of positive charged bosons trapped to the harmonic potential [4]. In this study, we verified Kim's theory and considered how to perform the numerical calculation. A self-consistent iterative calculation was introduced and the coupled two equations corresponding to the two species of positive charged bosons were solved. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=604 | ||||||
| 4255 | Journal Article | Tsvetkov, S. A., Bondarenko, N. B., Bel'tyukov, I. L., Varaksin, A. N., Zhivoderov, A. A. | 1993 | Molecular-dynamics calculation of phase transitions in the Pd-D system and cold nuclear fusion | Phys. Metals Metallogr., Vol = 76 | Molecular-dynamics calculation of phase transitions in the Pd-D system and cold nuclear fusion | Theory, phase transition, PdD, distance | ||||||||
| 4256 | Conference Proceedings | Tsvetkov, S. A. | 2003 | Possibility Of Using Of Cold Fusion For Nuclear Waste Products Transmutation | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Possibility Of Using Of Cold Fusion For Nuclear Waste Products Transmutation | transmutation, nuclear waste | The possibility of using of cold fusion for nuclear waste products transmutation is investigated in this paper. In generally a method is based on saturation of the titanium by a mixture of deuterium and air. Possible nuclear fusion reactions are discussed. Their 'burning out' sections, effective half-life periods and intensity of neutron beams are evaluated. Applicability of the method for a transmutation of the nuclear waste containing Cesium -137 is considered. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TsvetkovSApossibilit.pdf | |||
| 4257 | Conference Proceedings | Tsvetkov, S. A., Filatov, E. S., Khokhlov, V. A. | 2003 | EXCESS HEAT IN MOLTEN SALTS OF (LiCl-KCl)+(LiD+LiF) AT THE TITANIUM ANODE DURING ELECTROLYSIS | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | EXCESS HEAT IN MOLTEN SALTS OF (LiCl-KCl)+(LiD+LiF) AT THE TITANIUM ANODE DURING ELECTROLYSIS | Excess heat, molten salt | The electrochemical cell and technique of realization of precision calorimetric measurements is developed. Experiments with molten salts containing of deuteride lithium are carried out. Calorimetric measurements made on the titanium anode during experiments. Measurements made in an inert atmosphere of helium and in an atmosphere of deuterium at various density of an electrolysis current. Excess heat was obtained on the titanium anode in an atmosphere deuterium at electrolysis. The X-ray diffraction analysis made on the used titanium anode. The analysis of the received results is resulted. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/TsvetkovSAexcessheat.pdf | |||
| 4258 | Journal Article | Tsvetkov, S. A. | 2012 | Initiation of the Cold Fusion Reactions by Air Components | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 23-28 Initiation of the Cold Fusion Reactions by Air Components | Deuterium, Nuclear reactions, Titanium | The approach to cold fusion phenomenon based on interactions between deuterium and the components of air in titanium is considered. Experimental results which point at release of excess heat and neutrons are shown. On the basis of these results the nuclear fusion method and the device for its realization are patented. The application of this nuclear fusion method for nuclear waste transmutation, in particular caesium-137, is considered. On the basis of the calculations given conclusion about applicability of the method is made. According to the experimental data, saturation of titanium with deuterium-air mix results in temperature increase of the titanium deuteride sample by 45?, in comparison with saturation of the same sample with pure deuterium. The calculation of excessive heat emission based on these results is given. The conditions necessary for the cold fusion reactions to occur are formulated. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=29 | ||||||
| 4259 | Journal Article | Tsyganov, E. N. | 2012 | Cold Nuclear Fusion | Phys. At. Nucl., Vol = 75, Num = 2 | Cold Nuclear Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 4260 | Journal Article | Tsyganov, E. N., Golovatyuk, V. M., Bavizhev, M. D., Dabagov, S. B. | 2013 | Registration of energy discharge in D + D -> 4He* reaction in conducting crystals (simulation of experiment) | Nucl. Instr. Meth. B | Registration of energy discharge in D + D -> 4He* reaction in conducting crystals (simulation of experiment) | fusion | ||||||||
| 4261 | Journal Article | Tsyganov, E. N., Bavizhev, M. D., Buryakov, M. G., Golovatyuk, V. M., Lobastov, S. P., Dabagov, S. B. | 2015 | Cold Nuclear Fusion in Metal Environment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 96 Cold Nuclear Fusion in Metal Environment | Deuterium, Excess power, Nickel, Palladium, Platinum | This paper discusses the mechanism of cold fusion with deuterium and other elements implanted in the potential sites of conductive crystals. Cold fusion in metals becomes possible due to the fact that the implantation of atoms in a crystal guides them to their p excitation levels, which are determined primarily by the positioning of free conduction electrons in a zone of potential sites. The excitation energy of the p-states is about 10?14 eV. The excited atoms? orientation in the crystal is not random but dictated by the crystal lattice's electrostatic potentials. Calculations show that the transparency of the Coulomb potential barrier, for example, in the case of DD-fusion, increases by about 60 orders of magnitude if two deuterium atoms meet each other in the minima of the conductor's potentials in the crisscross orientation. Most of the papers are devoted to the process of DD-fusion in the electrolytic saturation by deuterium in crystals, a process that is extensively studied in these experiments. This paper also briefly comments on other experimental results related to cold fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=101 | ||||||
| 4262 | Report | Tuggle, D. G., Claytor, T. N., Menlove, H. O., Catapano, L. | 1990 | Solid State Fusion Update | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | Los Alamos | Solid State Fusion Update | Pd, D, neutron | |||||||
| 4263 | Conference Proceedings | Tuggle, D. G., Claytor, T. N., Taylor, S. F. | 1993 | Tritium Evolution from Various Morphologies of Palladium | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 7 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Tritium Evolution from Various Morphologies of Palladium | tritium, Pd, Gas Discharge, D2, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4264 | Journal Article | Tukaev, I. N. | 2018 | On the Experiment that Could Answer the Question Whether the Like Charged Particles, with Relative Velocity Close to Zero, Repel or Attract? | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | On the Experiment that Could Answer the Question Whether the Like Charged Particles, with Relative Velocity Close to Zero, Repel or Attract? | Bound pairs of charged particles, Charged particle, Cold fusion, Condensate, Coulomb law | This paper considers the conditions of an experiment with results which could answer unambiguously the following question: do like charged particles repel or attract when the magnitude of their relative velocity is close to zero? The answer to this question will either confirm the validity of Coulomb's law, which states that the like charged particles always repel, or the validity of hypothesis by Gustav Theodor Fechner, which was proposed in 1845, and stated that like charged particles with relative velocity close to zero, attract. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=36 | ||||||
| 4265 | Conference Proceedings | Turanciol, F. | 1991 | Cold Fusion is Confirmed | ICENES | Cold Fusion is Confirmed | theory? | ||||||||
| 4266 | Journal Article | Turner, L. | 1989 | Thoughts Unbottled by Cold Fusion | Phys. Today, Vol = Sept. | Thoughts Unbottled by Cold Fusion | theory resonance, tunneling | ||||||||
| 4267 | Journal Article | Turner, L. | 1990 | Peregrinations on cold fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9 | Peregrinations on cold fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 4268 | Journal Article | Turner, L. | 1994 | Peregrinations on Cold Fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 447 | Peregrinations on Cold Fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 4269 | Magazine Article | Turney, Jon | 2003 | Lost in Limbo | New Scientist, Vol = 177, Num = 2387, Page = 48 | March 22, 2003 | Lost in Limbo | Review | |||||||
| 4270 | Journal Article | Uchida, H., Fromm, E. | 1983 | Effect of Palladium and Oxygen Layers on the Hydrogen Absorption Rate of Tantalum Films at 300 K | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 95 | Effect of Palladium and Oxygen Layers on the Hydrogen Absorption Rate of Tantalum Films at 300 K | Ta, H2, loading | ||||||||
| 4271 | Conference Proceedings | Uchida, H., Hamada, Y., Matsumura, Y., Hayashi, T. | 1992 | Detection of Radioactive Emissions in the Electrolytic Deuteriding-Dedeuteriding Reactions of Pd and Ti | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 539 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Detection of Radioactive Emissions in the Electrolytic Deuteriding-Dedeuteriding Reactions of Pd and Ti | Pd, titanium, D2O, gamma emission, electrolysis, radiation ICCF-3 | This report demonstrates the occurrence of radioactive emissions detected by GM (Geiger Mueller) counter in the electrolytic deuteriding de-deutreriding reactions of Pd and Ti. For the Pd samples annealed or cold worked, the excess counts higher than BG (background levels = 32 ? 2 cpm) by factors 1.5 to 2 in average were measured almost continuously and reproducibly during the pulses modulated electrolysis over 600 mA/cm^2. The excess counts were measured for a wild even after electrolysis. For the Ti samples annealed or cold worked, the burst-like GM counts over 200 cpm were often measured at low current densities below 10 mA/cm^2. The much higher burst-like GM counts over 1500 cpm were measured after electrolysis. Counts using a GM counter were observed when Ti was electrolytically loaded or deloaded. Similar results were obtained when Pd was loaded using a current-pulse generator. Details of method are not given | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=277 | ||
| 4272 | Journal Article | Uchikawa, H., Okazaki, T., Sato, K. | 1993 | New Technique of Activating Palladium Surface for Absorption of Hydrogen or Deuterium | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 32 | New Technique of Activating Palladium Surface for Absorption of Hydrogen or Deuterium | loading, Pd, H, D, method | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: Activation is carried out by heating a Pd specimen at about 600 ? for several minutes in air. The activated surface is blue, and it is bleached when immersed hi hydrogen gas. The blue film is identified as PdO, and the bleached surface consists of nanocrystallites of metallic Pd, as proved by electron diffraction. An activated Pd plate 0.7 mm in thickness is capable of absorbing, in 1 h, about 70 at% of H or D, the saturation value, in hydrogen gas of 1 atm at room temperature. The atomic ratio of H absorbed in Pd has been estimated to be about 70% when Pd metal is in equilibrium with hydrogen gas of 1 atm at 25?. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/UchikawaHnewtechniq.pdf | ||||||
| 4273 | Journal Article | Udovic, T. J., Rush, J. J., Fanagan, T. B., Noh, H., Andersson, Y. | 1997 | Vibrational dynamics of hydrogen and deuterium in crystalline Pd9Si2 | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Vibrational dynamics of hydrogen and deuterium in crystalline Pd9Si2 | Pd-Si-D, structure, Pd-Si-H | ||||||||
| 4274 | Conference Proceedings | Ueda, S., Yasuda, K., Takahashi, A. | 1998 | Study of Excess Heat and Nuclear Products with Closed Electrolysis System and Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 398 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Study of Excess Heat and Nuclear Products with Closed Electrolysis System and Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer | Pd, D2O, heat+, He+, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, ICCF-7 | Using a closed-type heavy water electrolysis system with Pd cathode, deuterium loading ratio D!Pd (using gas pressure method), excess heat (using mass flow calorimetry method) and neutron (using 3He proportional counter) were measured in-situ simultaneously. Tritium increase between before and after electrolysis was measured by liquid scintillation counting method. After electrolysis, gas sample from upper-room of cell was transferred to the mass analysis based on the Q-MAS (Quadrupole Mass Analysis System) to determine quantity of 4He atoms in sampled gas. Remarkable correlation between excess heat and nuclear products was not obtained, through 4He increase was observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=398 | ||
| 4275 | Conference Proceedings | Uhm, H. S., Lee, W. M. | 1991 | High Deuterium Concentration in Palladium for Application to Cold Fusion | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 289 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | High Deuterium Concentration in Palladium for Application to Cold Fusion | loading, method, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-2 | Based on theoretical calculations, new schemes to increase deuterium density in palladium over its initial value is presented. High deuterium concentration in palladium is needed for application to the solid-state fusion. The first deuterium enrichment scheme makes use of the plasma ion implantation, which consists of a cylindrical palladium rod (target) preloaded with deuterium atoms, coated with diffusion-barrier material and immersed in a deuterium plasma. The second deuterium enrichment scheme makes use of the temperature gradient effects on the deuterium solubility in palladium. A heat source at temperature T2 and a heat sink at temperature T1 (where T2 > T1 ) are in contact with two different parts of a palladium sample, which has been presoaked with deuterium atoms and has been coated with diffusion-barrier material or securely locked in a metal case. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=304 | ||
| 4276 | Journal Article | Uhm, H. S., Lee, W. M. | 1991 | High concentration of deuterium in palladium from plasma ion implantation | Phys. Fluids B, Vol = 3 | High concentration of deuterium in palladium from plasma ion implantation | ion implantation, method | ||||||||
| 4277 | Journal Article | Uhm, H. S., Lee, W. M. | 1992 | High concentration of deuterium in palladium | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | High concentration of deuterium in palladium | loading, Pd, PdD, PdD2 | ||||||||
| 4278 | Journal Article | Ulmann, M., Liu, J., Augustynski, J., Meli, F., Schlapbach, L. | 1990 | Surface and electrochemical characterization of Pd cathodes after prolonged charging in LiOD + D2O solutions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 286 | Surface and electrochemical characterization of Pd cathodes after prolonged charging in LiOD + D2O solutions | surface analysis, Pd, electrolysis, D2O, OCV, transmutation | ||||||||
| 4279 | Journal Article | Upadhyay, C. S. | 2000 | Some views on spin relativity and its impact on science | Indian J. Theo. Phys., Vol = 48 | Some views on spin relativity and its impact on science | theory, electrolysis, spin-spin | ||||||||
| 4280 | Journal Article | Urutshoev, L., Liksonov, V. I. | 2000 | Experimental Detection of 'Strange' Radiation and Transformations of Chemical Elements | Prikl. Fiz., Vol = 4 | Experimental Detection of 'Strange' Radiation and Transformations of Chemical Elements | transmutation, Ti, Zr, gamma radiation. high voltage | ||||||||
| 4281 | Journal Article | Urutshoev, L., Filippov, D., Voitenko, D., Astapenko, G., Birykov, A., Markoliya, A., Alabin, K. | 2017 | A Study on the Possibility of Initiating Tungsten Alpha Decay Using Electric Explosion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 23 | A Study on the Possibility of Initiating Tungsten Alpha Decay Using Electric Explosion | Alpha- beta-decay, Alpha-decay, Electrical explosion of conductors, Gas phase analysis, Gas mass-spectrometer, Optical spectral line | Experiments with electric explosion of tungsten wires are described. These are intended to check the results of G.L. Wendt and C.E. Irion's experiments published in 1922. The historical and theoretical background of this study are described in detail. The gas phase formed in the chamber after the electric explosion was carefully studied in the experiments. The results of the study do not contradict with the results of the Wendt and Irion experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedv.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 4282 | Journal Article | Urutskoev, L., Filippov, D., Rukhadze, A., Lebedev, L. | 2011 | Detection of Abnormal Quantity of Hydrogen upon Electrical Explosion of Titanium Foil in a Liquid | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Detection of Abnormal Quantity of Hydrogen upon Electrical Explosion of Titanium Foil in a Liquid | Electrical explosion, Hydrogen | Experimental studies of pulse electrical explosion of thin titanium foils in water, with discharge power of ~0.2 GW are described. Production of a considerable amount of molecular hydrogen is revealed whose origin cannot be explained either by water decomposition or by known chemical reactions. A nuclear mechanism for the formation of the observed molecular hydrogen upon electric explosion is hypothesized. Emphasis is laid on some measurements confirming the hypothesis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=114 | ||||||
| 4283 | Conference Proceedings | Utsumi, M., Chiba, M., Fujii, M., Shirakawa, T., Fujimoto, Y., Hayami, Y., Hayashi, Y., Nobuhara, T., Sekino, N., Yokoyama, T., Yonekura, T., Hirose, T., Nakahara, H., Sueki, K. | 1996 | A Study of The Mechano-Nuclear Interaction Using Piezoelectric Material of LiNb03 in D2 Atmosphere: Dependence of D2 Gas Atmospheric Pressure | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 615 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | A Study of The Mechano-Nuclear Interaction Using Piezoelectric Material of LiNb03 in D2 Atmosphere: Dependence of D2 Gas Atmospheric Pressure | Neutron | In order to clarify the detailed mechanism of neutron emission from LiNb03 crushing process in D2 atmospher, Mechano-Nuclear Reaction, we measured the neutron emission rate with respect to D2 gas pressure. In a low pressure region, the excess neutrons were not observed. While in a high pressure region, larger than 30 kPa, the excess neutrons were observed. We are also studying the difference in neutron emission between a single and a multi ferroelectric domain crystals of LiNbO3. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=216 | |||
| 4284 | Book Section | Vaidya, S. N., Mayya, Y. S. | 1989 | The Role of Combined Electron-Deuteron Screening in D-D Fusion in Metals | BARC Studies in Cold Fusion | Iyengar, P. K., Srinivasan, M. | Atomic Energy Commission | Bombay | The Role of Combined Electron-Deuteron Screening in D-D Fusion in Metals | theory | 1500 | ||||
| 4285 | Journal Article | Vaidya, S. N., Mayya, Y. S. | 1989 | Theory of screening-enhanced D-D fusion in metals | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Lett., Part 2, Vol = 28, Num = 12, Page = 2258 | Theory of screening-enhanced D-D fusion in metals | theory, diffusion | ||||||||
| 4286 | Journal Article | Vaidya, S. N., Mayya, Y. S. | 1989 | The role of combined electron-deuteron screening in deuteron-deuteron fusion in metals | Pramana, Vol = 33 | The role of combined electron-deuteron screening in deuteron-deuteron fusion in metals | Theory, screening | ||||||||
| 4287 | Journal Article | Vaidya, S. N. | 1991 | On the possibility of coherent deuteron-deuteron fusion in a crystalline Pd-D lattice | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | On the possibility of coherent deuteron-deuteron fusion in a crystalline Pd-D lattice | theory, coherent | ||||||||
| 4288 | Journal Article | Vaidya, S. N. | 1993 | Comments on the model for coherent deuteron-deuteron fusion in crystalline Pd-D lattice | Fusion Technol., Vol = 24 | Comments on the model for coherent deuteron-deuteron fusion in crystalline Pd-D lattice | theory, coherent | ||||||||
| 4289 | Journal Article | Vaidya, S. N. | 1996 | Deuteron screening, nuclear reactions in solids, and superconductivity | Fusion Technol., Vol = 29 | Deuteron screening, nuclear reactions in solids, and superconductivity | Theory, screening, superconductivity, Bose condensate | ||||||||
| 4290 | Journal Article | Vaiman, L. A., Valiev, A. N., Ketko, A. Ya., Kiseleva, E. V., Skorodumov, B. G., Ulanov, V. G., Yatsevich, I. O. | 1989 | Observation of reactions in cold fusion during sorption or desorption of deuterium from palladium from the gas phase | Akad. Nauk USSR, Fiz.-Mat. Nauk | Observation of reactions in cold fusion during sorption or desorption of deuterium from palladium from the gas phase | Pd, D2, particle emission, neutron | ||||||||
| 4291 | Conference Proceedings | Vakarin, S. V., Samgin, A. L., Andreev, V. S., Tsvetkov, S. A. | 1995 | Influence of Perfection of Sodium Tungsten Bronze Single Crystals on Neutron Emission | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 227 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Influence of Perfection of Sodium Tungsten Bronze Single Crystals on Neutron Emission | solid electrolyte, neutron, Na-W-O, tungsten bronze, ICCF-5 | Correlation between crystal structure perfection and neutron emission has been found. Positive result on neutron generation has been established only for crystals with 'specific' X-ray diffraction pattern. 'This allows to treat X-ray data as a selection criterion. The crystals has proven to be rather perfect. Damage of perfection of the surface layer results in absence of the effect . Single crystals examined before and after study. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=28 | ||
| 4292 | Journal Article | Valat, M., Hunt, R., Greenyer, R. | 2015 | Celani's Wire Excess Heat Effect Replication | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 246 Celani's Wire Excess Heat Effect Replication | Constantan wire, Hydrogen, Nickel nano-powder | This paper describes progress made by the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project while attempting to replicate Celani's experiments. Celani claimed to see consistent and reproducible excess heat generation results coming from treated constantan wires using different protocols. The design of the cell is described in detail, with attention to the choice of materials, the design geometry and operating conditions. Differences between the original experiment and later replications that improved believability are explored. Results and interpretations are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=253 | ||||||
| 4293 | Journal Article | Valat, M., Hunt, R., Greenyer, R. | 2015 | Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project status review | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 614 Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project status review | |||||||||
| 4294 | Journal Article | Valat, M. | 2016 | Preface | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | Preface | It was with a profound sense of duty that our French Society for Condensed Matter Nuclear Science held its first ?ymposium sur les R?ctions Nucl?ires ? Basse ?ergie? during the weekend of March 18?20, 2016, in Avignon, France. After 27 years of sustained research in the field of CMNS, this was the first time a conference was held for the French speaking community. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=5 | |||||||
| 4295 | Journal Article | Valat, M., Goldwater, A., Greenyer, R., Higgins, R., Hunt, R. | 2016 | Investigations of the Lugano HotCat Reactor | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | Investigations of the Lugano HotCat Reactor | Andrea Rossi, e-cat, Lithium aluminum hydride, Lugano report, Nickel, Replication | Since its release, the ?ugano Report? has attracted a lot of attention from many scientific groups as well as individuals. Following attempts to reproduce the claimed results, the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Projecty(MFMP) is adding significant insights to the replication community across the Internet. The first part of the paper describes the replication of the Lugano Report's thermal measurements. It presents the experimental setup, instrumentations as well as the results produced by the MFMP team. The second part describes attempts to reproduce the excess energy claimed in the Report. After ten experiments and five incremental revisions of the apparatus, MFMP published results on the Internet showing apparent correlation between anomalous heat production and broadband low energy gamma radiation. This paper offers a review of these two significant experiments, done in March 2015 and January 2016. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedt.pdf#page=86 | ||||||
| 4296 | Conference Proceedings | Valone, T | 2001 | One Cold Fusion Speaker is One Too Many for a Future Energy Conference | APS April Meeting, Session S13 - General Physics. | Washington | April 30, 2001 | One Cold Fusion Speaker is One Too Many for a Future Energy Conference | history | ||||||
| 4297 | Newspaper Article | Van, J. | 1989 | Scientists Try to Put Chill on Cold Fusion | Chicago Tribune | ChicagoEditor | Scientists Try to Put Chill on Cold Fusion | newspaper, conference, history | |||||||
| 4298 | Report | van de Vate, J. F., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G. | 1960 | Onderzoekingen Naar De Temperatuurvastheid Van Fijnverdeelde Metaal-Tritium-Systemen In Vacuum | Chicago Tribune | Philips Corporation | Library, Repository hosted by TU Delft Onderzoekingen Naar De Temperatuurvastheid Van Fijnverdeelde Metaal-Tritium-Systemen In Vacuum | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity | This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library: http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:34d2c20b-6847-4f3d-af49-71211557d4ea/tn2014-00264.pdf The paper is in Dutch. It includes a Summary in English: The temperature stability of finely dispersed metaltritium systems in vacuum was investigated. The tritium content of the metals was measured by a new method based on the radio-activity of the tritium. Ways were found to prepare metal-tritium systems, sufficiently temperature-stable for technical applications. In addition, the experiments were found to be of interest in checking various classical and modern theories on the formation of hydrides. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/vandeVateJonderzoeki.pdf | |||||
| 4299 | Report | van de Vate, J. F., Reifenschweiler, O., van de Ligt, G. | 1960 | The Internal And External Bremsstrahlung Associated With, Beta-Decay In Tritium | Chicago Tribune | Philips Corporation | Library, Repository hosted by TU Delft The Internal And External Bremsstrahlung Associated With, Beta-Decay In Tritium | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity | This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library: http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:e06e3502-3173-4795-9f16-b9e79f106107/tn2014-00266.pdf By 'Bremsstrahlung' is meant the continuous quantum radiation arising when electrons undergo braking in the fields of atomic nuclei. Discovered by Rontgen as long ago as 1895, this type of radiation occurs when the beta-electrons from a disintegrating beta-emitter are braked in the surrounding matter, being termed 'external bremsstrahlung' in this case. But in such isotopes the beta-electron is also accompanied by a type of radiation that is independent of the surrounding matter. This type is called 'internal bremsstrahlung', because it is generated by the electron inside the radioactive atom, during the decay process. It was first demonstrated by Aston 1) in the 'twenties' when, in the course of gamma-ray measurements on RaE, he detected a soft, inhomogeneous form of gamma-radiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/vandeVateJtheinterna.pdf | |||||
| 4300 | Journal Article | Van der Merwe, P. T. | 1990 | Enhanced fusion induced by affiliated muons | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Enhanced fusion induced by affiliated muons | theory, muon | ||||||||
| 4301 | Magazine Article | Van Noorden, R. | 2007 | Cold fusion back on the menu | Chemistry World | Cold fusion back on the menu | Review | ||||||||
| 4302 | Journal Article | Van Siclen, C. D., Jones, S. E. | 1986 | Piezonuclear fusion in isotopic hydrogen molecules | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., Vol = 12 | Piezonuclear fusion in isotopic hydrogen molecules | theory | ||||||||
| 4303 | Journal Article | Van Swaay, M., Birchenall, C. E. | 1960 | Permeability and diffusion of hydrogen through palladium | Trans. Metal. Soc., AIME, Vol = 218 | Permeability and diffusion of hydrogen through palladium | Diffusion, H, Pd, solubility, phase diagram | ||||||||
| 4304 | Journal Article | Van Vucht, J. H. N., Buschow, K. H. J. | 1976 | Note on the Occurrence of Intermetallic Compounds in the Lithium-Palladium System | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 48 | Note on the Occurrence of Intermetallic Compounds in the Lithium-Palladium System | Pd-Li, Phase Diagram, Lattice Parameter | ||||||||
| 4305 | Journal Article | VanVeen, R. J. A. R. | 2000 | Koude fusie | Ned. Tijdschr. Natuurkd., Vol = 66, Num = 4 | Koude fusie | review | ||||||||
| 4306 | Journal Article | Varaksin, A. N., Zhivoderov, A. A., Bondarenko, N. B., Shipitsin, V. F. | 1991 | Computer modelling of phase transitions in deuterised palladium (possible mechanism of low-temperature nuclear fusion) | Fiz. Metal. Metalloved. | Computer modelling of phase transitions in deuterised palladium (possible mechanism of low-temperature nuclear fusion) | theory, tunnelling | ||||||||
| 4307 | Journal Article | Vasanthi, N., Raj, S. A., Saleena, L. M. | 2015 | Silica Favours Bacterial Growth Similar to Carbon | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 111 Silica Favours Bacterial Growth Similar to Carbon | Biological transmutation, Ecological survival, Silicate mineral utilisation, Silicate solubilising bacteria | Silicate solubilising bacteria were isolated from soil, river water, pond sediment and talc mineral. The isolates were characterised and found to belong to the genera Bacillus and Pseudomonas sp. Some of the isolates are also identified by 16S r RNA sequencing. Both Bacillus and Pseudomonas isolates solubilised magnesium trisilicate under in vitro conditions either in the presence or in the absence of glucose. Bacillus megaterium isolated from soil solubilised talc, feldspar and magnesium trisilicate by releasing silica in solution. This also exhibited growth exclusively on silicate in the absence of a carbon source and after removal CO2 in the head space of the flask containing medium. Bacillus mucilaginosus, a silicate solubilising species, exhibited growth on acid washed sand (pure quartz) and also in silicic acid in the absence of carbon source revealing the capability of the bacteria to utilise silica or silicate for its growth. The carbon analysis by SEM with EDAX revealed the presence of carbon in cells grown exclusively on silica suggesting the biological transmutation of silica to carbon. The ability of silicate solubilising bacteria to grow exclusively on silica or silicate in the absence of carbon reveals not only their ecological survival in a carbon-free environment in earth but also their likely survival in other celestial bodies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=116 | ||||||
| 4308 | Journal Article | Vaselli, M., Harith, M. A., Palleschi, V., Salvetti, G., Singh, D. P. | 1989 | Screening effect of impurities in metals: a possible explanation of the process of cold nuclear fusion | Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D, Vol = 11, Num = 6, Page = 927 | Screening effect of impurities in metals: a possible explanation of the process of cold nuclear fusion | theory, screening | ||||||||
| 4309 | Journal Article | Velev, O. A., Kainthla, R. C. | 1990 | Heat flow calorimeter with a personal-computer-based data acquisition system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 18 | Heat flow calorimeter with a personal-computer-based data acquisition system | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat, method | ||||||||
| 4310 | Journal Article | Verbruggen, A. H., Hagen, C. W., Griessen, R. | 1984 | Gorsky Effect in Concentrated a-PdHx | J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., Vol = 14 | Gorsky Effect in Concentrated a-PdHx | PdH, diffusion, Pd, hydrogen | ||||||||
| 4311 | Journal Article | Verner, G. M., Swartz, M. R., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2015 | Summary report: ?ntroduction to Cold Fusion? -- IAP course at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 653 Summary report: ?ntroduction to Cold Fusion? -- IAP course at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA | |||||||||
| 4312 | Journal Article | Verner, G. M., Swartz, M. R., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2017 | Development of a Cold Fusion Science and Engineering Course | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | Development of a Cold Fusion Science and Engineering Course | CF academic course, CF curriculum, CF education, CF training, LANR academic course, LANR education, LENR academic course, LENR education | For three consecutive years, an introductory non-credit short course was taught on the science and engineering of cold fusion (CF). It reviewed its origin, extent, basis and substantial experimental proof of the observed excess energy (XSE) from active cold fusion (lattice assisted nuclear reactions) systems. The range of CF technologies spanned from early aqueous CF/LANR systems to recent day nanomaterials. While academic officials are slow to recognize cold fusion and its viability, the fact is that the subject and its science have entered the academic domain, and students can learn that the phenomenon is real and reproducible. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedu.pdf#page=52 | ||||||
| 4313 | Conference Proceedings | Veziroglu, T. N. | 1981 | Mossbauer Study of the Local Hydrogen Distribution Near Substitutional Impurities in b-PdHx | The Miami International Symposium on Metal-Hydrogen Energy Systems | Pergamon Press. | Miami | April 13-15, 1981 | Mossbauer Study of the Local Hydrogen Distribution Near Substitutional Impurities in b-PdHx | Pd, H2, PdH, impurity, Mossbauer | |||||
| 4314 | Journal Article | Veziroglu, T. N. | 2015 | An Obituary note to John O'Hara Bockris (1923-2013) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | An Obituary note to John O'Hara Bockris (1923?2013) | Hydrogen association, Hydrogen economy, Hydrogen energy system, John Bockris, John O'Hara Bockris | An Obituary note to John O'Hara Bockris. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 4315 | Journal Article | Vielstich, W., Iwasita, T., von Buttlar, H., Farzin, K., Uebelguenn, K. | 1991 | Search for neutrons from controlled deuterium concentrations in palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 303 | Search for neutrons from controlled deuterium concentrations in palladium | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 4316 | Conference Proceedings | Vigier, J. P. | 1992 | New Hydrogen Energies in Specially Structured Dense Media: Capillary Chemistry and Capillary Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 325 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | New Hydrogen Energies in Specially Structured Dense Media: Capillary Chemistry and Capillary Fusion | theory, ICCF-3 | The analysis of presently observed facts suggests that excess heat (above breakeven) and con commitment cold fusion processes result from two different mechanisms which have a common origin in E. M. Current behavior in dense media (the Ampere forces). They both result from already known properties of nuclear forces and quantum mechanics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=71 | ||
| 4317 | Conference Proceedings | Vigier, J. P. | 1994 | New Hydrogen (Deuterium) Bohr Orbits in Quantum Chemistry and Cold Fusion Processes | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 99 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | New Hydrogen (Deuterium) Bohr Orbits in Quantum Chemistry and Cold Fusion Processes | theory | ||||
| 4318 | Journal Article | Vigier, J. P. | 1996 | On cathodically polarized Pd/D systems | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 221 | On cathodically polarized Pd/D systems | theory | ||||||||
| 4319 | Conference Proceedings | Vignati, M. | 1995 | Transformation From Heat of Low Temperature Sources into Work. Fundamentals for a Maximum of Efficiency | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 631 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Transformation From Heat of Low Temperature Sources into Work. Fundamentals for a Maximum of Efficiency | theory, ICCF-5 | The problem of converting the heat produced by cold fusion into work, meets with a classical limit consisting in the second principle of thermodynamics, because the heat produced within electrolytic cells is released to the heavy water, and remains at a low thermal degree. However, this paper draws attention to the existence of ideal thermodynamic cycles the efficiency of which is considerably higher than the efficiency attained by the corresponding Carnot cycle between the same temperatures. In addition to this, it can be shown that combinations of these cycles can attain even higher efficiencies. Owing to the characteristics of these cycles and combinations of cycles, and being also possible to put them into practice, they could be taken into consideration for projects aiming at the transformation into work of the heat produced by cold fusion or other heat sources at low temperature. Discusses energy conversion methods that have a higher efficiency than Carnot. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=438 | ||
| 4320 | Journal Article | Vijh, A. K., Belanger, A. | 1989 | Electrocatalysis of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction by Metals and Silver-Palladium Alloys in Relation to Their Electronic Configuration | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 11 | Electrocatalysis of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction by Metals and Silver-Palladium Alloys in Relation to Their Electronic Configuration | Pd, Ag, Pd-Ag, H, theory | ||||||||
| 4321 | Report | Villa, M. | 2011 | On the gamma radiation measurements on the Rossi system | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 11 | Bologna University and INFN Sezione di Bologna | On the gamma radiation measurements on the Rossi system | radiation | We report here on the measurement of gamma emission from the system built by Rossi et al. to produce energy. While the details of the production system are still not known, an international patent request (WO/2009/125444) and a paper describing the main characteristics and performances are available: copper synthesis starting from an hydrogenated nickel compound and energy production lasting for months. On the 14th of January 2011, the first public test of this system was performed under partially controlled conditions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/VillaMonthegamma.pdf | |||||
| 4322 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., De Ninno, A. | 1995 | Collision Between Two Deuterons in Condensed Matter: Ion Trap Mechanism | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 355 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Collision Between Two Deuterons in Condensed Matter: Ion Trap Mechanism | theory, ion trap, ICCF-5 | In this paper is studied the behaviour of ions confined by means of quadrupolar electro-dynamic containment around palladium lattice tetrahedral sites. Ion confinement in a quadrupolar trap is known to be strongly influenced by the initial conditions and trap parameters. The considered system is a lattice ion trap for deuterons, supposing that over a certain concentration they occupy the tetrahedral sites. The electron motions seem to have a dominant role in the dynamics of two deuterons moving around such lattice sites. A mathematical model allows us to describe, with a computer simulation, the deuteron dynamics and reveals an approach mechanism that could strongly decrease the mean distance between two positive charges embedded in a lattice. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=158 | ||
| 4323 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., De Ninno, A. | 1996 | Quantum mechanical description of a lattice ion trap | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 221 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Quantum mechanical description of a lattice ion trap | Theory, phonon, distance, ICCF-6 | The electrodynamic confinement of charged particles stored in a radio-frequency electric quadrupole trap has been widely investigated by several authors [1,2]. A remarkable similarity between the above mentioned quadrupole radio-frequency trap and the palladium lattice structure allowed a classical study of the dynamics of two deuterons moving within the Pd lattice around tetrahedral sites [3,4]. The theory of the harmonic oscillator with time dependent frequency has been reviewed by introducing an operator which is a constant of the motion [5]. In this paper a quantum description of a deuteron dynamics and its interaction with an other one inside the lattice ion trap is carried out taking advantage of an oscillating behaviour that can be traced back to a quantum harmonic oscillator. The calculations show, in both treatments, a reduction of the mean distance between the particles. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=236 | ||
| 4324 | Journal Article | Violante, V., De Ninno, A. | 1997 | Lattice ion trap: a possible mechanism inducing a strong approach between two deuterons in condensed matter | Fusion Technol., Vol = 31 | Lattice ion trap: a possible mechanism inducing a strong approach between two deuterons in condensed matter | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 4325 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V. | 1998 | Extended Analysis of the Lattice Radio-Frequency Trap as Possible Collision Mechanism Between Nucleus in Condensed Matter | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 403 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Extended Analysis of the Lattice Radio-Frequency Trap as Possible Collision Mechanism Between Nucleus in Condensed Matter | theory, ICCF-7 | A considerable research activity has been carried out in the last years in order to better investigate the field of nuclear reactions in solids. Results concerning the reproducibility of the phenomena, theoretical studies and certain unknown nuclear effects in metal-hydrogen systems have been published by several authors. It has been shown that positive ions (i.e. deuterons) confined by means of a quadrupolar electro-dynamic containment around palladium lattice tetrahedral sites (lattice ion trap) can dramatically decrease their mean distance. In the proposed picture the coherent oscillations of the Fermi level electrons of the metal atoms seem to have a dominant role in the deuterons dynamics. In this work the dynamics of the particles is studied in the trap coordinate system, rather than in the particles relative ones, since in this way it is possible to follow the position of a moving particle (e.g. deuteron or proton) inside the metal lattice cell. The lattice e.m. signal has been described as an oscillating dipole one. Such a description allows us also to study the behaviour of the moving particles when their trajectory is close to the metal lattice atoms. The calculations confinn the collision mechanism and show an interaction effect between the moving particles and the metal lattice atoms. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=403 | ||
| 4326 | Journal Article | Violante, V., Torre, A., Dattoli, G. | 1998 | Lattice ion trap: classical and quantum description of a possible collision mechanism for deuterons in metal lattices | Fusion Technol., Vol = 34 | Lattice ion trap: classical and quantum description of a possible collision mechanism for deuterons in metal lattices | Theory, Schroedinger | ||||||||
| 4327 | Journal Article | Violante, V. | 1999 | Lattice ion-trap confinement for deuterons and protons: Possible interaction in condensed matter | Fusion Technol., Vol = 35 | Lattice ion-trap confinement for deuterons and protons: Possible interaction in condensed matter | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 4328 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Sibilia, C., Di Gioacchino, D., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Tripodi, P. | 2000 | Hydrogen Isotopes Interaction Dynamics in Palladium Lattice | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 409 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Hydrogen Isotopes Interaction Dynamics in Palladium Lattice | theory, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4329 | Journal Article | Violante, V., Torre, A., Selvaggi, G., Miley, G. H. | 2001 | 3 Dimensional Analysis of the Lattice Confinement Effect on ion Dynamics | Fusion Technol., Vol = 39, Num = 2 (March) | 3 Dimensional Analysis of the Lattice Confinement Effect on ion Dynamics | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 4330 | Journal Article | Violante, V., Torre, A., Selvaggi, G., Miley, G. H. | 2001 | Three-dimensional analysis of the lattice confinement effect on ion dynamics in condensed matter and lattice effect on the d-d nuclear reaction channel | Fusion Technol., Vol = 39 | Three-dimensional analysis of the lattice confinement effect on ion dynamics in condensed matter and lattice effect on the d-d nuclear reaction channel | theory charge oscillations | ||||||||
| 4331 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Borelli, R., Bettinali, L., Santoro, E., Rosada, A., Sarto, F., Pizzuto, A., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2002 | X-ray emission during electrolysis of light water on palladium and nickel thin films | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | X-ray emission during electrolysis of light water on palladium and nickel thin films 4047 | electrolysis, H2O, radiation, Pd, Ni, thin films, x-ray, sputtering, transmutation, tritium | Electrochemical experiments have been carried out in order to investigate the emission of X-rays during electrochemical hydrogen loading of thin metallic films of Pd and Ni. An estimate of the inventory of the most significant chemical elements in the cells has also been done. The activity was developed within the framework of a cooperative research effort between ENEA and SRI. In order to minimize the background due to environmental contamination, the experimental cells were manufactured using only two materials (pure polyethylene and pure platinum). The thin films were produced by sputtering pure materials on supports made of the same pure polyethylene used for the cells. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVxrayemissi.pdf | |||
| 4332 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Tripodi, P., Di Gioacchino, D., Borelli, R., Pizzuto, A., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Adrover, A., Giona, M., Capobianco, L. | 2002 | Metallurgical effects on the dynamic of hydrogen loading in Pd | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Metallurgical effects on the dynamic of hydrogen loading in Pd 4048 | loading, Pd, hydrogen, resistence, electrolysis, stress | A theoretical work based on computer modeling is presented in order to explain the difference on the hydrogen electrochemical loading dynamics for two shapes of palladium cathodes. Pd foils and wires have been investigated solving the transport equations, in order to study the effect of self stress propagating. The results allow us to study the influence of the stress relaxing (via dislocation slipping) on the loading process. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVmetallurgi.pdf | |||
| 4333 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Apicella, M., Capobianco, L., Sarto, F., Roada, A., Santoro, E., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Sibilia, C. | 2003 | Search For Nuclear Ashes In Electrochemical Experiments | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Search For Nuclear Ashes In Electrochemical Experiments | transmutation, x-rays, isotope shift | Electrochemical experiments have been carried out in order to identify traces of nuclear processes occurring in condensed matter. The experimental activity was primarily designed to reduce the background element impurities by using ultra-pure cleaning procedures to eliminate contamination. The working conditions allowed to obtain a clear signal from the investigated phenomena. Neutron activation, SIMS and high resolution Mass Spectrometer analysis yielded? experimental data greater than the measurement error and well above the detection limits of the instruments. The isotopic abundance has been studied for some elements and a strong difference as been observed between experimental data and natural values. A correlation has been observed between the shift of the isotopic composition and a weak emission of? X-rays, in some experiments. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVsearchforn.pdf | |||
| 4334 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Castagna, E., Sibilia, C., Paoloni, S., Sarto, F. | 2003 | Analysis Of Ni-Hydride Thin Film After Surface Plasmons Generation By Laser Technique | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Analysis Of Ni-Hydride Thin Film After Surface Plasmons Generation By Laser Technique | nickel, transmutation | A nickel-hydride thin film was studied by the Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) method. The differences between a 'black' film and a pure nickel film 'blank' behaviour are showed. The black Ni-hydride film has been obtained by a short electrolysis with 1 M? Li2SO4 electrolyte in light water. A shift in the minimum of the observed reflected light occurs, together with a change in the minimum shape, i.e. its half-height width increases. This two phenomenon are due to the change in the electronic band structure of the metal induced by the electron added in the lattice by hydrogen. The changing of the electronic structure, revealed by the laser coupling conditions, leads to consider that an hydride phase was created. Both the blank (not hydrogenated) and black (hydrogenated) specimens were taken under He-Ne laser beam at the reflectance minimum angle for about three hours. A SIMS analysis was also implemented to reveal differences in the isotopic composition of Cu, as marker element, between the blank and black films, in order to study the coupled effect of electrolysis and plasmon-polariton excitation on LENR processes in condensed matter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVanalysisof.pdf | |||
| 4335 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Mazzitelli, G., Capobianco, L., Sarto, F., Santoro, E., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Miley, G. H., Luo, N., Shrestha, P., Sibilia, C. | 2003 | Study Of Lattice Potentials On Low Energy Nuclear Processes In Condensed Matter | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Study Of Lattice Potentials On Low Energy Nuclear Processes In Condensed Matter | theory | The phenomena of anomalous heating effects in deuterated metals gained worldwide attention through the famous announcement of 'cold fusion' in 1989. Recently, a number of experiments have identified nuclear reaction products that are attributed to hydrogen or deuterium interaction with the host metal. Consequently workers have renamed this field? as 'Low Energy Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter'. This work has used a variety of configurations and a variety of loading techniques giving reaction products ranging from Helium-4, Tritium,? to an array of heavy elements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVstudyoflat.pdf | |||
| 4336 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Bertolotti, M., Castagna, E., Dardik, I., McKubre, M. C. H., Moretti, S., Lesin, S., Sibilia, C, Sarto, F., Tanzella, F. L., Zilov, T. | 2005 | Progress in Excess Power Production by Laser Triggering | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Progress in Excess Power Production by Laser Triggering | laser stimulation, excess heat | ||||||
| 4337 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Bertolotti, M., Castagna, E., Dardik, I., McKubre, M. C. H., Moretti, S., Lesin, S., Sibilia, C, Sarto, F., Tanzella, F. L., Zilov, T. | 2005 | Progress in Excess Power Production by Laser Triggering (PowerPoint slides) | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Progress in Excess Power Production by Laser Triggering (PowerPoint slides) | laser stimulation, excess heat | PowerPoint slides for the paper of the same title. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVprogressina.pdf | ||||
| 4338 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Moretti, S., Bertolotti, M., Castagna, E., Sibilia, C, Sarto, F., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Dardik, I., Lesin, S., Zilov, T. | 2005 | Progress In Excess Power Experiments With Electrochemical Loading Of Deuterium In Palladium | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Progress In Excess Power Experiments With Electrochemical Loading Of Deuterium In Palladium | Excess heat | ||||||
| 4339 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Sarto, F., Castagna, E., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Hubler, G. K., Knies, D., Dardik, I., Sibilia, C. | 2007 | Joint Scientific Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Joint Scientific Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Review | A joint effort performed by ENEA, SRI, Energetics Technologies, NRL and the University of Rome La Sapienza allowed to obtain a remarkable level of sheared reproducibility both in high loading of palladium with deuterium and in observing excess power production during calorimetric experiments. The excess heat was observed with a signal well above the measurement uncertainty, with up to 70% of reproducibility. The wide-ranging scientific work carried out in optimizing the palladium electrodes and the accuracy of the calorimetry are the reasons for the success of this project. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVjointscien.pdf | |||||
| 4340 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Sarto, F., Castagna, E., Sansovini, M., Lecci, S., Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., Hubler, G. K. | 2008 | Material Science on Pd-D System to Study the Occurrence of Excess Power | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Material Science on Pd-D System to Study the Occurrence of Excess Power | materials, electrode surface morphology | A recent joint work [1] identified the crucial role of material science in improving control of the Pd-D system to enhance the production of excess power during electrochemical loading of palladium foils with deuterium. Very high reproducibility, close to 100%, in loading Pd up to D/Pd ~1 (atomic fraction) was achieved. High loading about the threshold value of 0.9 is considered necessary to achieve the effect. This work demonstrated it is necessary but not sufficient. As a consequence, the focus of our research moved to the material properties of cathodes, especially surface characteristics, and an effort to correlate these properties with cathode performance during electrolysis. This paper describes the material properties examined that appear to produce excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVmaterialsc.pdf | |||||
| 4341 | Edited Book | Violante, V., Sarto, F. | 2009 | Proceedings 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (Part 1) | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | October 5-9, 2009 | Proceedings 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (Part 1) | This file is from: http://iccf15.frascati.enea.it/docs/proceedings.html This is Part 1, title page to page 184. Part 2, page 185 to page 385, is here: http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf | ||||
| 4342 | Edited Book | Violante, V., Sarto, F. | 2009 | Proceedings 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (Part 2) | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | October 5-9, 2009 | Proceedings 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (Part 2) | This file is from: http://iccf15.frascati.enea.it/docs/proceedings.html This is Part 2, page 185 to page 385. Part 1, title page to page 184 is here http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceedinga.pdf | ||||
| 4343 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Hubler, G. K., Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Sibilia, C, Del Prete, P., Zilov, T. | 2009 | Evolution and Progress in Material Science for Studying the Fleischmann and Pons Effect (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Evolution and Progress in Material Science for Studying the Fleischmann and Pons Effect (PowerPoint slides) | materials, electrode surface morphology | Research Frame Since 1996 in ENEA material status was identified to be responsible of the loading 1) Material science study to increase both reproducibilityand signals 2) Calorimetric experiments conceived to have anappropriate signal/noise ratio 3) Theoretical work to identify methods to trigger the effect | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVevolutiona.pdf | ||||
| 4344 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Sarto, F., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sansovini, M., Torre, A., Hubler, G. K., Knies, D., Grabowski, K. S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L., Sibilia, C, Del Prete, P., Zilov, T. | 2009 | Evolution and Progress in Material Science for Studying the Fleischmann and Pons Effect (FPE) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Evolution and Progress in Material Science for Studying the Fleischmann and Pons Effect (FPE) | materials, electrode surface morphology | Calorimetric experiments have revealed a crucial role of the metallurgy and surface characteristics for reproducing the FPE. A material status to have an improved probability to observe the effect under electrochemical loading of deuterium in palladium has been identified by means of statistical approach. The evolution of the research approach is described in this work. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=45 | ||||
| 4345 | Journal Article | Violante, V., Sarto, F., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 2012 | The Study of the Fleischman and Pons Effect through the Materials Science Development | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 60-74 The Study of the Fleischman and Pons Effect through the Materials Science Development | Calorimetry, Chemical potential, Diffusion coefficient, Dimensionless transport equation, Gorsky effect | The state of the palladium metal has been identified on the basis of statistical data to play fundamental roles in producing the Fleischman-Pons excess heat effect. The deuterium loading dynamics and its equilibrium concentration are mostly controlled by the metallurgy; a minimum threshold loading (D/Pd ~ 0.9) is necessary to observe the excess. The crystallographic orientation is also correlated with the phenomenon such that mainly 100 oriented samples gave the highest reproducibility. A specific cathode surface morphology, identified by means of the power spectral density function, represents an additional identified condition to observe the effect. Materials specimens respecting the characteristics described above have been used to obtain a transportable reproducibility. Designed materials giving excess power have been produced but the amplitude of the signals and full reproducibility are not yet achieved. Other features of the material such as the nature and content of impurities and defects seems to be crucial in obtaining the required palladium characteristics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=66 | ||||||
| 4346 | Magazine Article | Violante, V., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Pagano, G., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F. | 2014 | RF detection and anomalous heat production during electrochemical loading of deuterium in palladium | EAI - Energia, Ambiente e Innovazione, Vol = 2 | ENEA | RF detection and anomalous heat production during electrochemical loading of deuterium in palladium | Heat | The production of excess power during electrochemical loading of palladium with deuterium was discovered in 1989 by Prof Martin Fleischmann and Prof Stanley Pons. In this article a picture of the research activities performed to correlate the effect and the material status is given. The structures of the electrochemical interface during the excess event and in the absence of excess power are compared, revealing a resonant equivalent circuit when the electrode is active. RF signals have also been detected when the anomalous heat production takes place | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVrfdetectio.pdf | |||||
| 4347 | Conference Proceedings | Violante, V., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sarto, F., Sansovini, M., Makris, T. D., Torre, A., Knies, D., Kidwell, D., Grabowski, K. S., Dominguez, D. D., Hubler, G. K., Duncan, R., El-Boher, A., Azizi, O., McKubre, M. C. H., La Gatta, A. | 2015 | Excess Power during Electrochemical Loading: Materials, Electrochemical Conditions and Techniques (Powerpoint Slides) | ICCF18 Conference | University of Missouri | Excess Power during Electrochemical Loading: Materials, Electrochemical Conditions and Techniques (Powerpoint Slides) | Deuterium, Electrolysis, Excess of Power, Materials, Palladium | The critical role of the electrode material characteristics in increasing the probability for observation of excess of power during electrochemical loading of palladium cathodes with deuterium is investigated, and, excesses of power production obtained by using palladium material with these identified characteristics are reported. Characterizations have been performed by using SEM and AFM microscopy as well as electrochemical analysis and XPS. The emerging scenario suggested by these results is that the poor control in achieving the identified material status is reflected in the reproducibility of the excess heat phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVexcesspowe.pdf | |||||
| 4348 | Journal Article | Violante, V., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sarto, F., Sansovini, M., Makris, T. D., Torre, A., Knies, D., Kidwell, D., Grabowski, K. S., Dominguez, D. D., Hubler, G. K., Duncan, R., El-Boher, A., Azizi, O., McKubre, M. C. H., La Gatta, A. | 2015 | Excess Power during Electrochemical Loading: Materials, Electrochemical Conditions and Techniques | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 44 Excess Power during Electrochemical Loading: Materials, Electrochemical Conditions and Techniques | Deuterium, Electrolysis, Excess of Power, Materials, Palladium | The critical role of the electrode material characteristics in increasing the probability for observation of excess of power during electrochemical loading of palladium cathodes with deuterium is investigated, and, excesses of power production obtained by using palladium material with these identified characteristics are reported. Characterizations have been performed by using SEM and AFM microscopy as well as electrochemical analysis and XPS. The emerging scenario suggested by these results is that the poor control in achieving the identified material status is reflected in the reproducibility of the excess heat phenomenon. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=51 | ||||||
| 4349 | Journal Article | Violante, V., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Sarto, F., Sansovini, M., Torre, A., La Gatta, A., Duncan, R., Hubler, G. K., El-Boher, A., Azizi, O., Pease, D., Knies, D., McKubre, M. C. H. | 2015 | Review of materials science for studying the Fleischmann and Pons effect | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 540 Review of materials science for studying the Fleischmann and Pons effect | Cold fusion, deuterium, electrochemical loading, materials science, palladium. The present article will review aspects concerning the occurrence of FPE related to materials science, a field considered to be a key to define the effect and a research approach has been conceived to find correlations with the material status. Metallurgy, crystallographic orientation and surface morphology all together are the necessary conditions to observe the phenomenon. In general, these features affect the deuterium adsorption/absorption in palladium cathodes. On the other hand, crystal orientation seems not to be crucial for PdRh alloy. A preliminary study, based on galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, has been carried out to investigate the status of the electrochemical interface during the effect. Results point in the direction of a significant change in the equivalent circuit at the electrode interface, as the electrode is active. | http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/108/04/0540.pdf | |||||||
| 4350 | Journal Article | Violante, V., Castagna, E., Lecci, S., Pagano, G., Sansovini, M., Sarto, F. | 2016 | Heat Production and RF Detection during Cathodic Polarization of Palladium in 0.1M LiOD | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | Heat Production and RF Detection during Cathodic Polarization of Palladium in 0.1M LiOD | Anomalous heat effect in metal hydride, Electrochemistry, Electromagnetic stimulation, Fleischmann and Pons effect, Metal hydrides and deuterides, Palladium, Palladium alloys, Radiofrequency | The study of the Fleischmann-Pons Effect (FPE), i.e. the production of excess power production during electrochemical loading of deuterium in palladium (in the past labelled cold fusion) has had a notably multidisciplinary character, involving solid state and nuclear physics, material science, electrochemistry and other fields. Correlations between the material status and the occurrence of the effect as well as some changes in the electrochemical interface status have been observed. Although during the last two decades, in several calorimetric experiments the effect was observed to be well above the measurement uncertainty, the mechanism producing the excess power is not completely understood. So far, the lack of reproducibility has been responsible for the absence of a clear explanation of the phenomenon based on experimental apparatus designed to enhance the spectrum of information required to define the effect. Recently, In order to improve this aspect of this research, specific work has been carried out to investigate whether the excess power was produced concurrently with the emission of Radio Frequency from the active cathode. Suitable probes and triggering included in the RF experimental system revealed RF signal emission during electrochemical loading of palladium samples, and a correlation between the heat production, in active samples, and RF signal emission was found. The preliminary results highlight the importance of performing studies on the electrodynamic effects that may be involved in the phenomenon, and the importance of the design of appropriate instruments designed to investigate unexplored regions of metal hydrogen systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedr.pdf#page=327 | ||||||
| 4351 | Journal Article | Vokhnik, O. M., Goryachev, B. I., Zubrilo, A. A., Kutznetsova, G. P., Popov, Yu. V., Svertilov, S. I. | 1992 | Search for effects related to nuclear fusion in the optical breakdown of heavy water | Sov. J. Nucl. Phys., Vol = 55, Num = 12, Page = 1772 | Search for effects related to nuclear fusion in the optical breakdown of heavy water | laser, neutron, D2O | ||||||||
| 4352 | Journal Article | Von Buttlar, H., Vielstich, W., Barth, H. | 1963 | Deuterium und tritumtrennfaktoren bei der elektrolytischen wasserstoffabscheidung | Berichte Bunsengesellschaft, Vol = 67 | Deuterium und tritumtrennfaktoren bei der elektrolytischen wasserstoffabscheidung | H, D, T, fractionation, separation, overpotential | ||||||||
| 4353 | Newspaper Article | Voss, D. | 1999 | Whatever happened to cold fusion? | Phys World | Whatever happened to cold fusion? | history | ||||||||
| 4354 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kuz'min, R. N. | 1990 | The Theory of Nonthreshold Cold Fusion in Solids | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 894 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | The Theory of Nonthreshold Cold Fusion in Solids | theory | ||||
| 4355 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kuz'min, R. | 1993 | On Possibility of Non-Barrier DD-Fusion in Volume of Boiling D2O During Electrolysis | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 6 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | On Possibility of Non-Barrier DD-Fusion in Volume of Boiling D2O During Electrolysis | theory, bubble, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4356 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kuz'min, R. N. | 1994 | Nonequilibrium Fermi condensate of deuterium atoms in microvoids of crystals and the problem of barrier-free cold nuclear fusion | Tech. Phys., Vol = 39, Num = 7, Page = 663 | Nonequilibrium Fermi condensate of deuterium atoms in microvoids of crystals and the problem of barrier-free cold nuclear fusion | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 4357 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Samoylenko, I. I. | 1996 | Experimental discovery and investigation of the phenomenon of nuclear transmutation of isotopes in growing biological cultures | Infinite Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 10, Page = 63 | Experimental discovery and investigation of the phenomenon of nuclear transmutation of isotopes in growing biological cultures | biological, transmutation | ||||||||
| 4358 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Samoyloylenko, I. I. | 1996 | Experimental discovery of phenomenon of low-energy nuclear transformation of isotopes (Mn55=Fe57) in growing biological cultures | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 687 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Experimental discovery of phenomenon of low-energy nuclear transformation of isotopes (Mn55=Fe57) in growing biological cultures | biological, transmutation, ICCF-6 | For the first time the experimental study of cold nuclear transmutation of isotopes was carried out in growing microbiological culture with controlled conditions of growth. With the help of Mossbauer effect the formation of Fe5? isotope from Mn55 in nutrient medium based on heavy water was observed. The possible mechanism of low-temperature nuclear transmutation is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=288 | ||
| 4359 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Bugrov, V. P., Kornilova, A. A., Reiman, S. I. | 1996 | The Experimental Discovery of the Phenomenon of Controlling and Changing Probability and Time of Spontaneous Decay and Gamma-Transmutation of Excited Nuclei Statuses | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 680 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | The Experimental Discovery of the Phenomenon of Controlling and Changing Probability and Time of Spontaneous Decay and Gamma-Transmutation of Excited Nuclei Statuses | decay rate change | The paper discusses the process of controlling the probability of spontaneous decay of radioactive and excited Mossbauer nuclei. For the first time two experiments have proved the possibility of changing the life time of radioactive nuclei by surrounding them with screens having resonant absorption frequency equal to the nuclear transition frequency. For the first time in the experiments with gamma sources C057(Fe57*) and Sn119m and with gamma absorbers Fe57 and Sn119 we have discovered the change of Mossbauer transition life-time by 20-100% and total life-time (including non- Mossbauer radiation and electron conversion) by 0.6-2%. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=281 | |||
| 4360 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Samoylenko, I. I., Zykov, G. A. | 2000 | Experimental Observation and Study of Controlled Transmutation of Intermediate Mass Isotopes in Growing Biological Cultures | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 135 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Experimental Observation and Study of Controlled Transmutation of Intermediate Mass Isotopes in Growing Biological Cultures | biological, transmutation, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4361 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Samoylenko, I. I., Zykov, G. A. | 2000 | Experimental Observation and Study of Comtrolled Transmutation of Intermediate Mass Isotopes in Growing Biological Cultures | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 135 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Experimental Observation and Study of Comtrolled Transmutation of Intermediate Mass Isotopes in Growing Biological Cultures | biological, transmutation, ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4362 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Sorokin, A. A., Komisarova, V. A., Reiman, S. I., Riasnii, G. K. | 2000 | Direct Observation and Experimental Investigation of the Process of Gamma-Decay Controlling in Quantum Nucleonics | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 225 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Direct Observation and Experimental Investigation of the Process of Gamma-Decay Controlling in Quantum Nucleonics | half-life, radioactivity, gamma emission, theory ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4363 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Samoylenko, I. I., Zyhov, A. | 2001 | Observation and mass-spectrometry. Study of controlled transmutation of intermediate mass isotopes in growing biological cultures | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 36, Page = 64 | Observation and mass-spectrometry. Study of controlled transmutation of intermediate mass isotopes in growing biological cultures | biological, transmutation | ||||||||
| 4364 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Samoylenko, I. I., Zykov, G. A. | 2001 | Observation and mass-spectrometry. Study of controlled transmutation of intermediate mass isotopes in growing biological cultures | Infinite Energy, Vol = 6, Num = 36, Page = 64 | Observation and mass-spectrometry. Study of controlled transmutation of intermediate mass isotopes in growing biological cultures | biological, transmutation | ||||||||
| 4365 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V. | 2002 | Optimized dd-fusion without Coulomb barrier in a volume of cold gas of deuterium | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Optimized dd-fusion without Coulomb barrier in a volume of cold gas of deuterium 4049 | theory, laser, D2 | |||||
| 4366 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Samoylenko, I. I., Zykov, G. A. | 2002 | Catalytic influence of caesium on the effectiveness of nuclear transmutation on intermediate and heavy mass isotopes in growing biological cultures | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Catalytic influence of caesium on the effectiveness of nuclear transmutation on intermediate and heavy mass isotopes in growing biological cultures 4050 | transmutation, biological | |||||
| 4367 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Perfiliev, Y., Kulikov, L. | 2003 | The Theory And Experimental Investigation Of Controlled Spontaneous Conversion Nuclear Decay Of Radioactive Isotopes | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | The Theory And Experimental Investigation Of Controlled Spontaneous Conversion Nuclear Decay Of Radioactive Isotopes | This paper paper discusses the theory and results of a direct experimental investigation into the control of internal electron conversion channels of radioactive isotopes' spontaneous decay. This occurs by controlling the action of an oriented crystal matrix on the motion of conversion electrons. The same effect takes place at any beta-processes (including at decay of a neutron with an emission of electrons and neutrino). It was shown that parameters of internal electron conversion decay greatly depended on the structure of the crystal matrix and on the distance between the excited nucleus and the crystal matrix. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/VysotskiiVthetheorya.pdf | ||||
| 4368 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Shevel, V., Tashirev, A., Kornilova, A. A. | 2003 | Successful Experiments On Utilization Of High-Activity Waste In The Process Of Transmutation In Growing Associations Of Microbiological Cultures | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Successful Experiments On Utilization Of High-Activity Waste In The Process Of Transmutation In Growing Associations Of Microbiological Cultures | transmutation, biological, nuclear waste remediation | The problem of utilization of high-activity waste by effect of nuclear transmutation in growing associations of microbiological cultures was study. For the first time we have observed utilization of several kinds of highly active isotopes in the volume of distilled water extracted from first contour of water-water atomic reactor to nonradioactive nuclei. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/VysotskiiVsuccessful.pdf | |||
| 4369 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A. | 2004 | The Spatial Structure Of Water And The Problem Of Controlled Low Energy Nuclear Reactions In Water Matrix | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | The Spatial Structure Of Water And The Problem Of Controlled Low Energy Nuclear Reactions In Water Matrix | theory | Ordinary water has a number of unique features, among which there are its stable spatial structure and long-term 'memory.' Numerous experiments confirm the existence of water memory, which is activated under the influence of various physical fields (e.g., magnetic field, mechanical impact, abrupt temperature or pressure change) and may store information about such influence for many hours and days. Such activated water has altered physical and chemical (including biochemical) features. An increasing number of reliable experiments show that the continuous model is inadequate for describing the structure of water. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/VysotskiiVthespatial.pdf | |||||
| 4370 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Odintsov, A., Pavlovich, V., Tashirev, A., Kornilova, A. A. | 2004 | Experiments On Controlled Decontamination Of Water Mixture Of Long-Lived Active Isotopes In Biological Cells | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Experiments On Controlled Decontamination Of Water Mixture Of Long-Lived Active Isotopes In Biological Cells | ||||||||
| 4371 | Conference Proceedings | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Tashirev, A., Kornilova, J. | 2005 | Experimental Observation And Combined Investigation Of High-Performance Fusion Of Iron-Region Isotopes In Optimal Growing Microbiological Associations | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Experimental Observation And Combined Investigation Of High-Performance Fusion Of Iron-Region Isotopes In Optimal Growing Microbiological Associations | biological transmutation | ||||||
| 4372 | Book Section | Vysotskii, V., Tashyrev, A., Kornilova, A. A. | 2008 | Experimental Observation and Modeling of Cs-137 Isotope Deactivation and Stable Isotopes Transmutation in Biological Cells | Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Sourcebook | American Chemical Society | Washington, DC | ACS Symposium Series Experimental Observation and Modeling of Cs-137 Isotope Deactivation and Stable Isotopes Transmutation in Biological Cells | doi: 10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch013 0-8412-6966-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0998.ch013 | ||||||
| 4373 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A. | 2011 | Low-energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutation of Stable and Radioactive Isotopes in Growing Biological Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 4 | Low-energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutation of Stable and Radioactive Isotopes in Growing Biological Systems | Isotope transmutation, Low-energy reaction, Microbiological association | The report presents the results of combined (Mossbauer and mass-spectroscopy) qualifying examinations of stable isotope transmutation processes in growing microbiological cultures, in the iron-region of atomic masses. It is shown that transmutation during the process of growth of microbiological cultures, at optimal conditions in microbiological associations, is 20 times more effective than the same transmutation process in the form of ?ne-line' (clean) microbiological cultures. In the work, the process of direct, controlled decontamination of highly active intermediate lifetime and long-lived reactor isotopes through the process of growing microbiological associations has been studied. For the first time, an accelerated deactivation rate is observed that is 35 times larger than the controlled deactivation of the Cs137 isotope. A theoretical model of low-energy nuclear transmutation in biological objects | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedc.pdf#page=154 | ||||||
| 4374 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Adamenko, S. | 2012 | Low-energy Subbarrier Correlated Nuclear Fusion in Dynamical Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | 91-104 Low-energy Subbarrier Correlated Nuclear Fusion in Dynamical Systems | Coherent correlated states, Schrodinger-Robertson uncertainty relation, Subbarrier low-energy reactions | In the work the method of formation of a correlated coherent states of nuclei in the nuclear-synthesis systems and application of the method for essential optimization of low-energy nuclear interaction are considered. The relation of the correlation coefficient of these nuclei to the probability of their passage through a Coulomb barrier in order to realize a nuclear reaction is studied. We have determined the form of such an optimum dependence of the correlation coefficient on time, at which the formation of a maximally correlated states of particles and the attainment of the maximum variance of their coordinates under a parametric pumping of a harmonic oscillator are possible. The conditions allowing the choice of those possible laws of variations of the frequency of a harmonic oscillator, which cause the formation of a correlated state, are established. The possible type of a parametric pumping which induces the fast asymptotic formation of the completely correlated state of a particle with giant increasing variance of the coordinate under the parabolic barrier and similar increasing of nuclear reactions probability are determined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedg.pdf#page=97 | ||||||
| 4375 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V. | 2013 | The Problem of Creating a Universal Theory of LENR | Infinite Energy | 30 The Problem of Creating a Universal Theory of LENR theory | theory, critique | It is well known that the total probability of nuclear reactions with participation of charged particles is defined as the action of the Coulomb barrier. This fundamental limitation stimulates the use of fast particles in the composition of a thermonuclear plasma, which leads at once to the necessity to solve the extremely complicated technological problems related to the formation and confinement of such a plasma. It is also obvious that the choice of the ?hermonuclear? approach makes any attempt of using (under terrestrial conditions) the reactions of synthesis on the base of isotopes heavier than deuterium or tritium absolutely unreal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/VysotskiiVtheproblem.pdf | ||||||
| 4376 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V. | 2014 | On Problems of Widom-Larsen Theory Applicability to Analysis and Explanation of Rossi Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 615-623 On Problems of Widom-Larsen Theory Applicability to Analysis and Explanation of Rossi Experiments | Inverse beta-decay, LENR, Ponderomotive force, Rossi experiments,Widom?arsen theory | The effectiveness and possibility of application of Widom-Larsen (W-L) theory for explanation of Rossi experiments on stimulation of (p, Ni^A) low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) is analyzed. The carried out analysis has shown that W-L theory, which is connected with the inverse reaction of beta-decay in variable electric field of surface plasmon in metal hydride, is unsuitable for the description and explanation of Rossi experiments in metal hydrides. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=625 | ||||||
| 4377 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Chernysh, V., Gavrilova, N., Lotonov, A. | 2014 | Stimulated (B^11 p) LENR and Emission of Nuclear Particles in Hydroborates in the Region of Phase Transfer Point | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 13 (2014) 608–614 | Moscow | Stimulated (B^11 p) LENR and Emission of Nuclear Particles in Hydroborates in the Region of Phase Transfer Point | LENR, Hydroborates, Nuclear fusion | In this work, we consider the characteristics of proton (hydrogen) processes that take place in a special class of crystals (hydroborates), linked to the task of isolating and separating hydrogen and nuclear fusion with the participation of hydrogen. Preliminary results on observation of stimulated B11 + p = He4 + delta-E reaction in hydroborates are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=618 | |||||
| 4378 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Vysotskyy, M., Adamenko, S. | 2014 | Application of Correlated States of Interacting Particles in Nonstationary and Periodical Modulated LENR Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | 624-636 Application of Correlated States of Interacting Particles in Nonstationary and Periodical Modulated LENR Systems | Coherent correlated states, LENR, Transparency of Coulomb potential barrier | In the report the universal mechanism of optimization of low energy nuclear reactions on the basis of coherent correlated states of interacting particles at different kinds of nonstationary periodical action to the system is considered. We have considered the peculiarities and investigated the efficiency of the creation of a correlated state under a periodic action on a harmonic oscillator. This method is shown to lead to rapid formation of a strongly correlated particle state that provides an almost complete clearing of the potential barrier even for a narrow range of oscillator frequency variations. Several successful low energy fusion experiments based on usage of correlated states of interacting particles are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=634 | ||||||
| 4379 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Chernysh, V. | 2014 | Features and Giant Acceleration of 'Warm' Nuclear Fusion at Interaction of Moving Molecular Ions (D-...-D)+ with the Surface of a Target | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | Features and Giant Acceleration of 'Warm' Nuclear Fusion at Interaction of Moving Molecular Ions (D-...-D)+ with the Surface of a Target | Moving nano-clusters, Correlated states, Neutron generation,Warm nuclear fusion | The nuclear interaction mechanism and optimization methods of (dd) synthesis under bombardment of solid targets by linear oriented molecular ions consisting of a few deuterium atoms (nano-clusters) are discussed. Preliminary results on observation of optimized d + d = He3 + n reaction during collective interaction are presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=613 | ||||||
| 4380 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Vysotskii, M. | 2015 | Coherent correlated states of interacting particles ? the possible key to paradoxes and features of LENR | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 524 Coherent correlated states of interacting particles ? the possible key to paradoxes and features of LENR | |||||||||
| 4381 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Vasilenko, A. O. | 2015 | Observation and investigation of anomalous X-ray and thermal effects of cavitation | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 608 Observation and investigation of anomalous X-ray and thermal effects of cavitation | |||||||||
| 4382 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A. | 2015 | Microbial transmutation of Cs-137 and LENR in growing biological systems | Curr. Sci., Vol = 108, Num = 4 | 636 Microbial transmutation of Cs-137 and LENR in growing biological systems | |||||||||
| 4383 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A. | 2019 | 'Biological Transmutation' of Stable and Radioactive Isotopes in Growing Biological Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | 'Biological Transmutation' of Stable and Radioactive Isotopes in Growing Biological Systems | Coherent correlated states, Deactivation of radioactive waste, Isotope transmutation, Low energy nuclear reactions, Synthrophic microbiological associations | The prehistory, present state and prospects of transmutation of stable and radioactive isotopes in growing biological objects are considered. The biological and physical causes of this phenomenon are briefly considered. It is shown that the most likely physical mechanism for the production of nuclear reactions in biological systems is the process of formation of coherent correlated states of interacting particles. This process is accompanied by giant energy fluctuations, which can exist for a long time, sufficient to produce nuclear reactions. This process happens automatically in non-stationary potential wells, which are formed during cell division, DNA replication, at the entrance to plasma ion channels and in other places of growing objects. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedza.pdf#page=13 | ||||||
| 4384 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Vysotskyy, M. | 2019 | Effective LENR in Weakly Ionized Gas Under the Action of Optimal Pulsed Magnetic Fields and Lightning (Theory and Experiments) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Effective LENR in Weakly Ionized Gas Under the Action of Optimal Pulsed Magnetic Fields and Lightning (Theory and Experiments) | Coherent correlated states, LENR in gas, Lightning, Nuclear transmutation of isotopes | The features and mechanism of LENR production in a system of free particles under the action of a weak impulse (e.g., the action of a pulsed magnetic field) are considered. It is shown that in such a system effective formation of coherent correlated states of particles with the accompanying very sharp increase in the energy fluctuations take place. The amplitude of these fluctuations exceeds by many orders the average thermal energy of the particles and can reach 10?50 keV and more. This mechanism fully explains the nuclear reaction both in the atmosphere during a lightning discharge, and laboratory experiments conducted using electric discharges. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=357 | ||||||
| 4385 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Vysotskyy, M., Bartalucci, S. | 2019 | Using the Method of Coherent Correlated States for Production of Nuclear Interaction of Slow Particles with Crystals and Molecules | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Using the Method of Coherent Correlated States for Production of Nuclear Interaction of Slow Particles with Crystals and Molecules | Coherent correlated states, Fusion on accelerated particles, LENR channels automatic sorting, LENR in gas and crystals | In this paper, the possibility and characteristics of effective nuclear fusion based on the interaction of low energy proton beams with the nuclei on a crystal surface or gas of free molecules are discussed. It is shown that this effect can be explained by the process of formation of coherent correlated states, which take place during the interaction of moving protons with lithium molecule. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=367 | ||||||
| 4386 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. A., Krit, T., Gaydamaka, S. | 2019 | Generation and Detection of Undamped Temperature Waves at Large Distance in LENR Related Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Generation and Detection of Undamped Temperature Waves at Large Distance in LENR Related Experiments | itation, Distant dd?usion, LENR, Temperature waves, Thermal relaxation | In this paper we describe the process of detecting undamped (self-channeled) high-frequency heat waves generated and propagated in air from the cavitation of a water jet in a closed chamber, and the results of action of these waves on low energy nuclear fusion in a remote deuterated polycrystalline titanium sample with grain sizes of not more than 50 microns. These waves are formed on the reverse side of the metal target, which is affected by the jet of water in a state of cavitation, and are characterized by strictly defined frequencies (in air under normal conditions and different humidity, the minimum frequency of such a wave is equal to MHz) [1?7] Such waves can propagate in air for a long distance (in the laboratory - more than 2 meters and this distance was limited only by the size of our laboratory). Under the influence of such waves to the remote target, effective quasicontinuous nuclear dd-fusion with a concomitant generation of alpha-particles process takes place. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=366 | ||||||
| 4387 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Vysotskyy, M., Kornilova, A. A., Krit, T., Gaydamaka, S., Hagelstein, P. L. | 2020 | Distant Behind-screen Action of Undamped Temperature Waves (Long-distance Propagation, X-ray Generation, LENR Stimulation) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Distant Behind-screen Action of Undamped Temperature Waves (Long-distance Propagation, X-ray Generation, LENR Stimulation) | Alpha particle generation, Coherent correlated states, LENR, Undamped temperature waves, X-ray generation | The physical mechanism of the generation, features of propagation and the possible use of undamped temperature waves are considered. The process of generation of these waves is related to the possibility of reversibility of local relaxation thermodynamic processes of heat transfer. In the course of experiments, it was shown that such waves can exist only at certain frequencies, depending on the relaxation time. The possibility of energy transfer using these waves over a long distance has been investigated. It is shown that using of these waves X-ray generation is possible, and effective stimulation of nuclear fusion in a TiD target located behind a thick metal screen which is remote from the wave source. In this work is also considered a possible physical mechanism for the realization of LENR reactions connected with the formation of coherent correlated states of interacting particles under the action of these temperature waves. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=302 | ||||||
| 4388 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Vysotskyy, M. | 2020 | Application of Correlated wave Packets for Stimulation of LENR in Remote Targets | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Application of Correlated wave Packets for Stimulation of LENR in Remote Targets | Coherent correlated states, Collapse of wave function, Correlated wave packet, LENR in remote targets | The paper discusses the features of the formation, evolution and propagation of coherent wave packets and their energy characteristics. Such packages can be created with a certain effect on a slow moving particles. A feature of such packets is a self-controlled remote collapse, in the zone of which there is a very strong self-compression of the packet and a giant | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=311 | ||||||
| 4389 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Vysotskyy, M., Kornilova, A. A., Gaydamaka, S., Novakova, A. A., Novikov, D. S., Avdonin, V. V. | 2020 | Creation of Fe Isotopes in Natural Geology Crusts as the Result of Self-controlled Global Biostimulated LENR in Oceans and Seas | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | Creation of Fe Isotopes in Natural Geology Crusts as the Result of Self-controlled Global Biostimulated LENR in Oceans and Seas | Anomalies in the structure and isotopic ratio of iron-manganese crusts, Coherent correlated states and LENR, Isotope transmutation in seas and oceans | The paper considers the mechanism of formation of natural iron-manganese crusts, which are located at the bottom of all seas and oceans. These crusts are characterized by a periodic structure and an anomalous ratio of iron isotopes. These anomalies are similar in all seas and oceans and consist in excess of Fe54 and Fe56 isotope concentration and, accordingly, decrease of Fe57 isotope concentration compared to their standard values. It is shown that these anomalies are completely explained by the process of LENR (nuclear transmutation) in the bottom region of the seas and oceans, leading to nuclear fusion with the participation of manganese, sodium, and phosphorus and stimulated by the processes of natural metabolism of microbiological communities. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzf.pdf#page=329 | ||||||
| 4390 | Journal Article | Waanders, F. B., Smit, J. J. A. | 1990 | Koue kernsmelting' (Cold fusion) | Spectrum, Vol = 28 | Koue kernsmelting' (Cold fusion) | Discussion | ||||||||
| 4391 | Journal Article | Waber, J. T., Elifritz, T. L. | 1990 | The OGG-Schafroth theory of high temperature superconductivity and its relation to cold fusion | Spectrum, Vol = 28 | The OGG-Schafroth theory of high temperature superconductivity and its relation to cold fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 4392 | Conference Proceedings | Waber, J. T. | 1992 | Solid State Boson Condensation Model of Cold Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 627 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Solid State Boson Condensation Model of Cold Fusion | theory, boson, ICCF-3 | This theoretical study is based on the second suggest ion of Leaf Turner which was independently developed by Chubb and Chubb. It lead to the selection rule, Bosons In, Bosons out, which helps to explain the low yield of tritons, protons, neutrons and 3He. The production of the boson 4He has now been correlated with simultaneous production of excess heat. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=362 | ||
| 4393 | Journal Article | Waber, J. T., de Llano, M. | 1994 | Cold Fusion as Boson Condensation in a Fermi Sea | Trans. Fusion Technol., Vol = 26, Num = 4T, Page = 496 | Cold Fusion as Boson Condensation in a Fermi Sea | theory | ||||||||
| 4394 | Conference Proceedings | Waber, J. T., Egorova-Cheesman, O. L. | 1995 | Boson Condensation Involved in Radiation-Less Fusion. II. Spinodal Decomposition of Palladium/Palladium Deuteride System and the Andreev Effect | 5th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 469 | Pons, S. | IMRA Europe, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France | Monte-Carlo, Monaco | April 9-13, 1995 | Boson Condensation Involved in Radiation-Less Fusion. II. Spinodal Decomposition of Palladium/Palladium Deuteride System and the Andreev Effect | phase diagram, PdD, formation, theory, dislocation, ICCF-5 | The palladium/palladium deuteride system has an immiscibility gap between two face centered cubic solutions which is the necessary condition for spinodal decomposition. The interface between the alpha and beta phases will contain a high concentration of dislocations to the coherency strains of the lattice prior to the actual separation and formation of the beta phase, as deuterium is introduced. Deuterium atoms will be trapped in these dislocations in the atomic diffusion significantly reduced. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/PonsSproceedinga.pdf#page=274 | ||
| 4395 | Conference Proceedings | Waber, J. T. | 1998 | Synthesis of the Theory of dd Fusion with the Solid State Theory of Bipolarons | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 409 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Synthesis of the Theory of dd Fusion with the Solid State Theory of Bipolarons | theory, ICCF-7 | The fusion cross-section analysis of Hale and collaborators shows that the R-Matrix method yields information about reaction channels. Working with Shadow poles in the Reimann momentum plane, dd fusion could lead to the formation of an alpha particle without the release of a gamma ray or other charged particles. Current bi-polaron theories of high temperature superconductivity, provide for the proper quantum mechanical preparation of the deuterons in the lattice. In free space, there is no way to offset the repulsive potential of the bare charged particles and it can only be overcome by the kinetic energy of the particles, i.e. , by Gamow penetration. is involved. The compound ilUcleus cannot alone take up the momenta of the impinging deuterons. It must disintegrate into two fermions carrying away the momenta. However, in a solid state environment this is not case. The repulsive tid potential is offset by the enveloping electron cloud. The local potential at a deuteron site is highly screened. Two electrons in the bi-polaron theory, may form a highly localized pair occupying the same or nearby site. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=409 | ||
| 4396 | Conference Proceedings | Waber, J. T. | 2002 | Production of excess heat based on Bosons in, Bosons out principle | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Production of excess heat based on Bosons in, Bosons out principle 4051 | theory, Bosons | |||||
| 4397 | Journal Article | Wada, N., Nishizawa, K. | 1989 | Nuclear fusion in solid | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. A, Vol = 28, Num = 11, Page = L2017 | Nuclear fusion in solid | Pd, D2, gas discharge, neutron | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: Spontaneous neutron emissions were intermittently detected from activated palladium rods well soaked with deuterium gas in a closed glass bulb. By the stimulation of the palladium rods with a high voltage discharge between the rods, a burst of neutron flux 2 x 10^4 times larger than background was detected. Atoms or molecules of mass number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were found in the residual gas. Nuclear fusion in solid is interpreted in terms of the supersaturation of the solid solution of deuterium. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WadaNnuclearfus.pdf | ||||||
| 4398 | Journal Article | Wada, N. | 1990 | Possibility of room temperature nuclear fusion | Suri Kagaku, Vol = 330 | Possibility of room temperature nuclear fusion | review | ||||||||
| 4399 | Journal Article | Wagman, D. D., Evans, W. H., Parker, V. B., Schumm, R. H., Halow, I., Bailey, S. M., Churney, K. L., Nuttall, R. L. | 1982 | The NBS Tables of Chemical Properties, Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units | J. Phys. and Chem. Ref. Data, Vol = 11, Num = #2, Page = 238 | The NBS Tables of Chemical Properties, Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units | H, H2O, D, D2O, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 4400 | Report | Wagner, J. E. | 1985 | A Calorimetric Study of the Palladium Hydride and Deuteride Systems ( A Preliminary Report) | J. Phys. and Chem. Ref. Data, Vol = 11, Num = #2, Page = 238 | A Calorimetric Study of the Palladium Hydride and Deuteride Systems ( A Preliminary Report) | Pd, Hydrogen, Deuterium, thermodynamic, Partial Enthalpy | ||||||||
| 4401 | Journal Article | Wagner, F. T., Moylan, T. E., Hayden, M. E., Naerger, U., Booth, J. L. | 1990 | A comparison of calorimetric methods applied to the electrolysis of heavy water on palladium cathodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 295 | A comparison of calorimetric methods applied to the electrolysis of heavy water on palladium cathodes | heat, method, critique, electrolysis, Pd, D2O | ||||||||
| 4402 | Conference Proceedings | Waisman, J. L., Kertamus, N. J. | 1993 | Excess Heat; The Microprinciples | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 12 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Excess Heat; The Microprinciples | theory, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4403 | Conference Proceedings | Waisman, J. L., Summerl, R. H. | 1998 | The pathway to commercial applications for the deuterium-palladium systems | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 414 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | The pathway to commercial applications for the deuterium-palladium systems | theory, ICCF-7 | A 'macro view' of the cold fusion process in a Deuterium-Palladium System is presented which embraces the idea that there is both an enabling process and a heat-producing process. The enabling process is non-nuclear and is one of controlling the Deuterium (D) chemical potential. After surpassing a high threshold D chemical potential, some of the true deuterium reactants, Dx's, are able to form. The formation of the new Dx's involves a change of state of the D's which reduces their repulsion forces and increases the probability of spontaneous fusion events. Once some of the Dx's are in place, there, indeed, is coupling between the non-nuclear and nuclear processes as shown by the experimental measurement of the heat produced. In this paper, existing experimental data are used to show how to enable and control the heat-producing process. A gas-loading technique is employed to achieve the required high D chemical potential and a reactor design and development program is outlined. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=414 | ||
| 4404 | Journal Article | Wakao, S., Ozeki, K., Sawa, H. | 1990 | Gamma-ray emission from hydrogen-absorbing metal cathodes in D2O | J. Adv. Sci., Vol = 2, Num = 3, Page = 149 (in Japanese with English abstract) | Gamma-ray emission from hydrogen-absorbing metal cathodes in D2O | Pd, titanium, Ni-Ti, Ni-V-Zr, D2O electrolysis, H2O, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 4405 | Conference Proceedings | Wallace, K., Stringham, R. | 2004 | A Tribute To Gene Mallove - The 'Genie' Reactor | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | A Tribute To Gene Mallove - The 'Genie' Reactor | sonofusion | 'Genie', a 40 KHZ sonofusion reactor consists of? 2 opposing 40 KHz piezos separated by 4 mm of D2O, with a centered Ti target foil, with one piezo transmitting, the other receiving and taking that signal, amplifying it, then feeding it back to the transmitter as the resonating frequency of the reactor.? This process makes for efficient watt input, Qi, where 80% of these watts will be used as the acoustic input, Qa, to the 'Genie' sonofusion reactor.? In the reactor the transient cavitation bubbles, TCBs, produce billions of low energy high density jets per second that accelerate deuterons into foil targets producing excess heat, Qx.?? The Qx is determined by calorimetric measurements of experiments that use coolant water circulated to the surface of the well insulated reactor and data collected in the form of T in and T out at steadystate temperatures and coolant flow rate.? The total watts out, Qo, minus Qa ideally should equal zero, and we know that this calorimetry method has several losses that are not measured.? This makes the method very conservative when looking for Qx.? The Qx must make up those heat losses before making its presence known.? The result from experiments of system I using flow x DT x 4.184 for Qo - Qi = Qx shows that Qx values over unity are the norm.? System II used a more realistic calculation for Qx where flow x DT x 4.184 for Qo - Qa = Qx showed increased results. The calibration of the reactor with a Joule heater, JH, and substituting H2O for D2O produced measurements that showed the reactor calorimetry was close to zero Qx production as one would expect.? These measurements showed that heat in = heat out, a good zero indicating no Qx, for the operation of the 'Genie' sonofusion reactor. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WallaceKatributeto.pdf | |||||
| 4406 | Conference Proceedings | Wallace, J. P., Wallace, M. J. | 2019 | Einstein was Right | 2019 LANR/CF Colloquium at MIT | Cambridge, MA | Einstein was Right | Theory | The most important problem confronting physics is to understand the nature of the quanta. His two efforts were on target: 1936 EPR showed quantum mechanics to be incomplete 1940-50s He searched for a method to unify the four forces. Subsequent Milestones 1964-1972 J. Clauser & S. Freedman using J. Bell's analysis showed hidden variables are not the answer and support the EPR paper's conclusions of strangeness with the loss of lab frame locality. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WallaceJPeinsteinwa.pdf | |||||
| 4407 | Journal Article | Wallace, J. P., Wallace, M. J. | 2020 | Nuclear Structure and Cold Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 30 | Nuclear Structure and Cold Fusion | Cold fusion, Deuterium, Lattice, Metallurgy, Nuclear structure, Quantum mechanics | Combining advances in understanding the strong force with experiments on lattice fusion allows a description of lattice D? fusion to be constructed. What has to be exposed is a nuclear energy loss mechanism leaving little or no residual radioactivity. The requirements on the lattice for D? fusion are strict and appear to be limited to particular FCC lattices within a range of lattice parameters. A mechanical understanding is needed of how elevated local concentrations of deuterium are achieved while avoiding being trapped at defect sites. Using optical, RF, and experimental anomalous heat data the metallurgical requirements for the process is refined by considering a combination of diffusion, partial molar volume, positron annihilation data, defect kinetics, and electronic band structure allowing logical exhaustion to identify the kinetic structure that drives lattice nuclear fusion. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzc.pdf#page=6 | ||||||
| 4408 | Journal Article | Walling, C., Simons, J. | 1989 | Two innocent chemists look at cold fusion | J. Phys. Chem., Vol = 93 | Two innocent chemists look at cold fusion | theory, heavy electron | ||||||||
| 4409 | Journal Article | Walters, R. T., Lee, M. W. | 1990 | Two Plateaux for Palladium Hydride and the Effect of Helium from Tritium Decay on the Desorption Plateau Pressure for Palladium Tritide | J. Less-Common Met. | Two Plateaux for Palladium Hydride and the Effect of Helium from Tritium Decay on the Desorption Plateau Pressure for Palladium Tritide | Pd, tritium, He, PdT, PdH, pressure, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 4410 | Conference Proceedings | Wan, C. M., Chen, S. K., Liang, C. Y., Linn, C. J., Chu, S. B., Wan, C. C. | 1992 | Anomalous Heat Generation/Absorption in Pd/Pd/LiOD/D2O/Pd Electrolysis System | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 389 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Anomalous Heat Generation/Absorption in Pd/Pd/LiOD/D2O/Pd Electrolysis System | Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | The annealed PD cathode, which was deuterium-loaded for 3500 min, showed anomalous heat generation. Anomalous heat absorption was regularly repeated from 4000th to 7500th min of deuterium loading in the same cell. The current density was 2700 mA/cm^2. Total heat production was 0.3 to 3.3 MJ. He production of PD per-unit volume was 3.2 to 35.2 kJ/mm^3. Total absorption was 22 kJ and absorption density was 217 J/mm^3 in a typical absorption. An annealed Pd rod showed heat generation when charged at 270mA/cm^2. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=129 | ||
| 4411 | Conference Proceedings | Wan, C. M., Lihn, C. J., Chin, Z. H., Liang, C. Y., Chen, S. K., Wan, C. C., Perng, T. P. | 1992 | Repeated Heat Bursts in the Electrolysis of D2O | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 75 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Repeated Heat Bursts in the Electrolysis of D2O | Pd, D2O, heat, stress, electrolysis, ICCF-3 | Electrolysis of D2O with Pd rod was performed under static or dynamic charging condition. The current densities were increased in steps in a long duration of electrolysis. During static charging, the Pd electrode was removed from the cell and partially outgassed in air. Resumpt ion of the charging produced several repeated heat bursts. In the dynamic test, cyclic torsion was applied to the Pd electrode during the charging . No abnormal reaction was found during the torsion , but sometimes repeated occurrance of heat burst was observed after the cease of torsion. Possible causes for the heat bursts are proposed. Heat bursts were produced while charging and after partial deloading. The Pd was subjected to torsion stress. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=85 | ||
| 4412 | Journal Article | Wang, X. W., Louie, S. G., Cohen, M. L. | 1989 | Hydrogen interactions in PdHn (1 <= n <= 4) | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 40, Num = 8, Page = 5822 | Hydrogen interactions in PdHn (1 <= n <= 4) | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 4413 | Journal Article | Wang, R. | 1990 | Remarks on the possibility of cold fusion | Commun. Theor. Phys. (China), Vol = 13 | Remarks on the possibility of cold fusion | theory, muon | ||||||||
| 4414 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, C., Kang, T. S., Wang, K. L., Dong, S. Y., Feng, Y., Mo, D. W., Li, X. Z. | 1991 | Identification of the Energetic Charged Particles in Gas-Loading Experiment of 'Cold Fusion' Using CR-39 Plastic Track Detector | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 169 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Identification of the Energetic Charged Particles in Gas-Loading Experiment of 'Cold Fusion' Using CR-39 Plastic Track Detector | particle emission, Pd, titanium D2 CR-39 ICCF-2 | Since observation of 'cold fusion' was claimed in 1 989, a great number of experiments have been done for verifying these claims. Most of laboratories were not able to reproduce the observations and among the results of experiments there are obvious inconsistencies. It has been realized that even if the 'cold fusion' happened, its signals would be quite weak. Thus for sake of confirming the presence of 'cold fusion', it is desirable to use detection techniques which have high collecting power, low background and can stably work for long time. CR-39 plastic track detector is able to work in passive and time-integrated modes and has a number of unique merits in comparison with electronic detectors. In gas-loading experiment, if a piece of CR -39 film is clamped on the surface of a metal foil of Pd or Ti, charged particles emitted by deuterated metal can be collected by the CR-39 foil with 2 pi solid angle. The information on charge, energy, location and direction of the emitted particles can be determined from track parameters. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=184 | ||
| 4415 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, K. L., Li, X. Z., Dong, S. Y., Wang, S. C., Mo, D. W., Luo, C. M., Lin, Q. R., Wu, X. D., Li, W. Z., Zhu, Y. F., Zhou, P. L., Chang, L. | 1991 | Search for Better Material for Cold Fusion Experiment Using CR-39 Detector | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 163 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Search for Better Material for Cold Fusion Experiment Using CR-39 Detector | D2, particle emission Pd titanium, CR-39 ICCF-2 | It was noticed that most of the 'cold fusion' experiments were using palladium or titanium just based on the first set of experiments. However, based on our own experience the results of experiments depend heavily on each material. Even if for the same material, it seems that the performances of the materials from different manufactories are different. For example, the palladium film from Russia produced the greatest density of energetic charged particle tracks. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SIFthescience.pdf#page=178 | ||
| 4416 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, D. L., Chen, S. H., Fan, D., Chen, W. J., Li, Y. J., Fu, Y. B., Zhang, X.-W. | 1992 | Experimental Studies on the Anomalous Phenomenon in Pd Metal Loaded with Deuterium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 169 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Experimental Studies on the Anomalous Phenomenon in Pd Metal Loaded with Deuterium | Pd, titanium, D2 D2O, neutron, tritium, electrolysis, X-ray ICCF-3 | The anomalous phenomenon in metal loaded with deuterium has been studied, using the electrolysis and the cycle method of temperature and pressure (CMPT). In this report, the experimental results are introduced, including the explosion occurred, and neutron and tritium measured in electrolysis experiment. The sensitization phenomenon of x-ray film was found in CMPT experiment. It is considered that the reason of sensitization is derived from the chemical reaction and the anomalous effect in metal loaded with deuterium. Burst neutrons were produced from an electrolyzing Pd rod. Pd and Ti were gas loaded and temperature cycled. X-ray images were produced. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=175 | ||
| 4417 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, X., Tang, P., Zhang, W., Liu, H., Lu, F., Chen, G., Liu, J., Chen, Z., Zhu, R. | 1993 | A New Device for measuring Neutron Bursts in Cold Fusion Experiments | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 3, Num = 4, Page = 23 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | A New Device for measuring Neutron Bursts in Cold Fusion Experiments | titanium D2, neutron, method ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4418 | Journal Article | Wang, D., Chen, S., Li, Y., Liu, R., Wang, M., Fu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S. | 1993 | Neutrons, gamma-rays and x-rays in a gas discharge | Yuanzi Yu Fenzi Wuli Xuebao, Vol = 10, Num = 3, Page = 2789 (in Chinese) | Neutrons, gamma-rays and x-rays in a gas discharge | gas discharge, D2, neutron, x-ray, gamma emission, Pd | ||||||||
| 4419 | Journal Article | Wang, D., Chen, S., Li, Y., Wang, M., Fu, Y. | 1995 | Research and progress of nuclear fusion phenomenon at normal temperature | Trends Nucl. Phys., Vol = 12, Num = 4, Page = 31 (in Chinese) | Research and progress of nuclear fusion phenomenon at normal temperature | review, neutron, x-ray | ||||||||
| 4420 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, T., Piao, Y., Hao, J., Wang, X., Jin, G., Niu, Z. | 1996 | Anomalous Phenomena in E<18 KeV Hydrogen Ion Beam Implantation Experiments on Pd and Ti | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 401 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Anomalous Phenomena in E<18 KeV Hydrogen Ion Beam Implantation Experiments on Pd and Ti | ion implantation, H2, Pd, titanium, particle emission, X-ray, neutron ICCF-6 | Implantation experiments of very low energy (1KeV| http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=416
| | ||
| 4421 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, T., Piao, Y., Jin, G., Niu, Z., Hao, J., Wang, X. | 1996 | Interpretation of Excess Energy in Terms of Quasi-Atom Multi-body Model | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 405 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Interpretation of Excess Energy in Terms of Quasi-Atom Multi-body Model | theory, X-ray, ICCF-6 | A quasi-atom multi-body model is proposed for interpreting excess energy in some 'cold fusion' experiments, based on analyzing experimental results. In such a quasi-atom, two nuclei rotate around a negative image center, which can be a complex effect of one or more electrons. Electrons could rotate around the axis connecting two nuclei in some orbits. In the process to form a quasi-atom, some energy may be emitted. There may be double hydrogen nuclei and metal-hydrogen double nuclei, two types of quasi-atoms in metal-hydrogen systems. Some theoretical estimation and approaches about structure and energy states have been presented for discussion purposes. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=420 | ||
| 4422 | Journal Article | Wang, X., Tang, P., Zhang, W., Liu, H., Chen, Z., Li, Z., Zhou, C., Zhu, R., Ding, D. | 1996 | Time distribution of neutron burst in thermal D/soiled system | Chin. Sci. Bull., Vol = 41, Num = 1, Page = 73 | Time distribution of neutron burst in thermal D/soiled system | titanium, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 4423 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, T., Ochiai, K., Maruta, K., Datemichi, J., Sugimoto, H., Iida, T., Takahashi, A., Piao, Y. | 1998 | Nuclear and Atomic Cluster Effect of Deuterium Molecular Ion (D3+) | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 480 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Nuclear and Atomic Cluster Effect of Deuterium Molecular Ion (D3+) | ion bombardment, X-ray, cluster, D2, ICCF-7 | The deuterium cluster ion beam (D3+) and deuteron beam (D+), which energy was adjusted from 10 keV to 100 keV per deuteron, were alternately implanted into palladium target, in order to study the atomic and nuclear cluster effect in the interaction between cluster ion and solid. The differences between the application of these two kind beams were obtained by comparing the radiation yields of X-ray, gamma-ray, charged particle and neutron induced by each deuteron of two kinds of beam at the same velocity. The fusion rate induced by each cluster-deuteron in the energy region below 40 keV/d was higher than that induced by each isolated deuteron at the same velocity. However the fusion rate induced by each cluster-deuteron was less in the energy region above 50 keV/d. Ratio of the fusion rate induced by each cluster deuteron to that induced by each isolated deuteron was energy dependent. The yield of X-ray induced by each cluster deuteron in the energy region from 10 keV/d to 100 keV/d was higher than that induced by each isolated deuteron at the same velocity. The average ratio of their X-ray yields is about 2.6. Based on above results, it is considered there might be an enhancement of interaction cross-section in both nuclear and atomic levels in lower energy region. If the size of cluster ion is grown, the enhancement might be increased more. Therefore, the concentrated deuterons (deuterium in larger clusterstate) could have some relations with 'cold fusion ' phenomena in high loading metal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=480 | ||
| 4424 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, T., Ochiai, K., Maruta, K., Iida, T., Takahashi, A. | 1998 | Study of Possible Indirect Fusion Reaction in Solids | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 485 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Study of Possible Indirect Fusion Reaction in Solids | ion bombardment, particle emission, D2, ICCF-7 | A broad unknown peak, which appeared between triton peak (lMe V) and proton peak (3MeJl) 0/ D-D reactions, was /requently observed in our deuterium ion beam implantation experiments with large current on metal targets (e.g. Pd). The peak could be seen in almost every run of experiment. The counts of this peak kept almost constant ratio (about 0. 07) with the D-D proton peak that took place within the deuteron implanting ?ange. Therefore, this unknown peak was considered as charged particle from unknown reaction (e.g. proton/rom D-D fusion) that occurred deeply (beyond the deuteron range) inside the palladium target plate. The reaction should be induced by some other trigger conditions except the direct beam-target effect of deuteron implantation. Similar phenomena were also observed, while the Ti. Fe, Ni. Cu and Mo foils (plates) were applied as targets, but the depth profiles of the reaction zones were quite different for different targets. Temperature of target has made some influence on reaction place. Both of cluster ion (D3+) and isolated deuteron (D+) beams were applied to the experiment. The results have shown that each isolated deuteron could induce higher rate of unknown reaction, compared with each deuteron of cluster ion beam. The experimental results show that the unknown reaction had some kind of dependence on ion states, target materials, temperature, deuterium loading ratio, etc. conditions. These factors are similar to the usually considered key factors in other type cold fusion experiments. There might be some relations between this unknown reaction and Cold Fusion phenomena, but further identification is necessary to find the origin of the peak and the relation with CF phenomena. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=485 | ||
| 4425 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, T., Ochiai, K., Wang, Z., Jing, G., Iida, T., Takahashi, A. | 1998 | Anomalous Radiation Induced by 1-300 keV Deuteron Ion Beam Implantation on Palladium and Titanium | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 490 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Anomalous Radiation Induced by 1-300 keV Deuteron Ion Beam Implantation on Palladium and Titanium | ion implantation, D2, Pd, titanium, particle emission X-ray ICCF-7 | Low energy (1-300 keV) deuterium ion beam implantation experiment on Palladium and titanium foil (plate) were preformed, in order to study the nuclear and atomic interaction in solid. X-ray, gamma ray, charged particle and neutron ware measured simultaneously. A series of anomalous experimental phenomena ware observed. A clear peak at 3.2 MeV was observed, when a pre-loading TiDx was applied. This peak became evidently, following the implantation dose. Therefore, it is considered as the alpha peak from D-T secondary reaction. Its maximum ratio to D-D reaction reached 0. 0015. This ratio was much higher than prediction value based on the secondary reaction of D-D fusion. Some unknown high energy counts located from 3.5 MeV to 17 MeV in charged particle spectra has been observed for many times. Sometimes the counts concentrated in limited area, which appeared like a peak but poor statistics. The phenomena were difficult to be reproduced. In the X-ray spectra, there were many characteristic peaks from Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Zr, Ru, Pd etc elements. The gamma radiation up to 30 MeV was measured with a HpGe detector. Comparing to background, the intensity of foreground was a few orders higher. There was also a few counts distributed around 17 MeV and 24 MeV, which might be the gamma ray from D(d, gamm)4He reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=490 | ||
| 4426 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, T., Ding, B., Wang, Z., Zheng, S., Hang, Y., Li, W. | 2000 | Study of the Deuterated Titanium Ti2Hx Samples by Using Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) and Materials Analysis Methods | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 323 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Study of the Deuterated Titanium Ti2Hx Samples by Using Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) and Materials Analysis Methods | titanium, TiH, surface analysis, loading ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4427 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, T., Zhu, Y., Wang, Z., Li, S., Zheng, S. | 2000 | Nuclear Phemonena in P+Ti2Hx Experiments | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 317 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Nuclear Phemonena in P+Ti2Hx Experiments | Ti, ion bombardment particle emission, H2, TiH titanium, transmutation. ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4428 | Journal Article | Wang, T., Wang, Z., Chen, J., Jin, G., Piao, Y. | 2000 | Investigating the Unknown Nuclear Reaction in a Low-Energy (E<300 keV) p + T2Hx Experiment | Fusion Technol., Vol = 37 | Investigating the Unknown Nuclear Reaction in a Low-Energy (E<300 keV) p + T2Hx Experiment | particle emission TiH ion bombardment helium | ||||||||
| 4429 | Conference Proceedings | Wang, Q., Dash, J. | 2005 | Effect Of An Additive On Thermal Output During Electrolysis Of Heavy Water With A Palladium Cathode | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Effect Of An Additive On Thermal Output During Electrolysis Of Heavy Water With A Palladium Cathode | titanium, excess heat | A titanium additive to a heavy water-sulfuric acid electrolyte has been found to increase the thermal output during electrolysis with a palladium foil cathode.? Eight runs, about six hours each, over a period of 16 days, gave an average of 1.8 watt excess thermal power output compared with a light water control cell. This is about twice the excess obtained in co-deposition experiments. The excess thermal power output ranged from 0.5 ? 0.1 W to 2.6 ? 0.1 W, which was an average of about 17 % more than the input power. The additive apparently catalyzes heat producing reactions on the surface of the palladium. After electrolysis, the Pd cathode contained localized surface concentrations of Ag, Ni, Fe, Ti, S, and Pt. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WangQeffectofan.pdf | ||||
| 4430 | Journal Article | Wang, D., Zhang, X. | 2005 | Experimental discovery of X-ray new spectral series and interpretation | High Power Laser Part. Beams, Vol = 17, Num = 9, Page = 1335-1340 | Experimental discovery of X-ray new spectral series and interpretation | x-ray detection | Note: This paper is in Chinese. Here is the English abstract: Hydrogen (deuterium) gas discharge source was used to bombard target of non-crystalloid deuterate polyethylene polymethylmethacrylate, etc. The scattering spectrum was measured. There are several sharp X-ray spectral lines on the scattering spectrum, but the primary spectrum of the discharge does not include these lines of the scattering spectrum. It is confirmed that they are neither the characteristic X-ray of C, O or other possible impurity element, nor diffractive spectral lines, nor the ?absorption cut off | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WangDexperiment.pdf | ||||||
| 4431 | Journal Article | Wang, X. F., Arata, Y. | 2014 | The Importance of the Removal of Helium from Nano-Pd Particles after Solid Fusion | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | The Importance of the Removal of Helium from Nano-Pd Particles after Solid Fusion | Helium, Nano-Pd particles, Removal, Solid fusion | According to the measuring results of our paper presented at ICCF15 (2009), helium as an important evidence of solid-state fusion has been confirmed clearly by mass analyzer ??MS?.After one solid fusion cycle, the produced helium remained inside the particles. To measure the quantity of helium correctly, the residual helium inside these particles must be completely removed. However, it is not very easy. In this paper, one of the methods to solve the problem of the removal from the nano-Pd particle is discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedl.pdf#page=23 | ||||||
| 4432 | Journal Article | Wark, A. W., Crouch-Baker, S., McKubre, M. C. H., Tanzella, F. L. | 1996 | The effect of ultra sound on the electrochemical loading of hydrogen in palladium | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 418 | The effect of ultra sound on the electrochemical loading of hydrogen in palladium | loading, ultrasound, Pd, H2O | ||||||||
| 4433 | Conference Proceedings | Warner, J., Dash, J. | 1999 | SEM and EDS Characterization of Titanium Cathodes Before and After Electrolysis in Heavy Water | Microscopy and Microanalysis | Portland, OR | August 1-5, 1999 | SEM and EDS Characterization of Titanium Cathodes Before and After Electrolysis in Heavy Water | transmutation | A series of experiments were conducted with titanium cathodes and platinum anodes electrolyzed in heavy water-sulfuric acid electrolyte in closed cells. Each of the cathodes in these experiments was cut from the same titanium foil (99.99% Ti). Each cathode underwent a pre-experiment and a post-experiment SEM (ISI-SS40) and EDS (LINK AN10000) analysis. Of the eight experimental cathodes, three showed post-experimental evidence of localized chemical changes. This is consistent with other findings from this lab. Results obtained on one of these cathodes are presented here. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WarnerJsemandedsc.pdf | ||||
| 4434 | Conference Proceedings | Warner, J., Dash, J. | 2000 | Heat Produced During the Electrolysis of D2O with Titanium Cathodes | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 161 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Heat Produced During the Electrolysis of D2O with Titanium Cathodes | titanium, D2O, electrolysis, heat+, surface analysis transmutation ICCF-8 | ||||
| 4435 | Conference Proceedings | Warner, J., Dash, J., Frantz, S. | 2002 | Electrolysis of D2O With Titanium Cathodes: Enhancement of Excess Heat and Further Evidence of Possible Transmutation | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Beijing, China: Tsinghua University | Electrolysis of D2O With Titanium Cathodes: Enhancement of Excess Heat and Further Evidence of Possible Transmutation | titanium electrolysis D2O H2SO4 heat transmutation ICCF-9 | Using Ti-Pt electrodes in closed electrolytic cells containing D2O-H2SO4 electrolyte, evidence for excess thermal power generation has been observed (i.e. Power out - Power in > 0).? It had been noted that experiments (8-cell) with smaller cathodes (larger perimeter to area ratio) performed better than experiments (SEC system) in which larger cathodes (smaller perimeter to area ratio) were used.? In an effort to increase the magnitude of the excess power output, slits were introduced into the larger cathodes to increase the perimeter to area ratio.? Two SEC systems were used during the course of these experiments.? Using data from the first SEC system we find that four of seven (57%) of the experiments with slit cathodes showed an excess thermal power, averaging 322 mW (ranging from 136 to 509 mW) and five of fourteen (36%) of the experiments with no cathode slits gave excess thermal power, averaging 171 mW (ranging from 115 to 233 mW).? Overall, 10 of 13 (77%) of the experiments with slit cathodes showed excess power while only 5 of 15 (30%) of the experiments with no slits in the cathodes showed excess power.? This result shows an increase in both the magnitude and reproducibility of the excess power output effect.? In addition, Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) was performed on several cathodes (post-experiment) where greater concentrations of unexpected elements are found in those cells that showed excess power compared to those cells that did not show excess power. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WarnerJelectrolys.pdf | ||||
| 4436 | Journal Article | Wasserman, A. | 1992 | Electrochemical method of reducing aluminum oxide and producing additional energy | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Electrochemical method of reducing aluminum oxide and producing additional energy | heat, Al, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 4437 | Conference Proceedings | Watanabe, K., Fukai, Y., Niimura, N., Konno, O. | 1992 | A Search for Fracture-Induced Nuclear Fusion in Some Deuterium-Loaded Materials | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 473 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | A Search for Fracture-Induced Nuclear Fusion in Some Deuterium-Loaded Materials | titanium, YBa2Cu3O7, D2, fractofusion, neutron ball mill friction ICCF-3 | Attempts to detect neutron emission attributable to D-D nuclear fusion accompanying fracture of deuterium-loaded materials have been carried out using a ball mill specially designed for this purpose. Chips of Ti, Ti-alloys, Y and YBa2Cu3O7-x, loaded with deuterium were crushed in the ball mill to about 10 μm in size it about 60 or 120 minutes, and neutrons were counted by an array of 4 ~ 12 3He detectors surrounding the ball mill. The signal-counting efficiency was 0.3 ~ 4%. No positive signature has been obtained for the occurrence of fracture-induced fusion. A ball mill was used to crush various materials loaded with deuterium. No neutrons were detected. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=211 | ||
| 4438 | Journal Article | Wayte, R. | 2016 | A Technique for Making Nuclear Fusion in Solids | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 18 | 36 A Technique for Making Nuclear Fusion in Solids | Nuclear fusion, Solid state | A technique is described for making nuclear fusion at room temperature by compressing a powder mixture comprising a deuteride and catalytic material. The result is explosive beyond known chemical reaction for the materials. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedq.pdf#page=41 | ||||||
| 4439 | Journal Article | Weaver, C., Prelas, M. A., Kasiwattanawut, H., Shim, J., Watermann, M., Mathai, C, Gangopadhyay, S., Lukosi, E. | 2015 | Progress in Development of Diamond-based Radiation Sensor for Use in LENR Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 305 Progress in Development of Diamond-based Radiation Sensor for Use in LENR Experiments | Charged particle spectroscopy, Diamond sensors, Radiation detection | This work discusses the ongoing development of diamond-based radiation sensors for spectrometry within the environments found in low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) experiments. Specifically discussed are the efforts to demonstrate the robustness of palladium-electrode sensors. This includes fabrication methods, characterization and calibration techniques, and the results of deuterium gas loading trials which demonstrate performance throughout the entire test. The results are positive. One notable peak in the spectrometry results; additional trials are required to both determine the cause of this peak and determine which criteria. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=312 | ||||||
| 4440 | Journal Article | Weaver, C., Prelas, M. A., Shimn, J., Kasiwattanawut, H., Gangopadhyay, S., Mathai, C | 2015 | Investigation of Possible Neutron Production by D/Ti Systems under High Rates of Temperature Change | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 314 Investigation of Possible Neutron Production by D/Ti Systems under High Rates of Temperature Change | Keywords: Gas loading, Neutron production, Temperature shock, Titanium | This paper discusses recent attempts to reproduce thermal shock experiments from 1991 using additional diagnostics. This was motivated by an apparent series of neutron bursts which were observed during the deuterium loading of titanium powder at cryogenic temperatures. The neutron count rate and temperature measurements are presented for control and experimental trials. Some neutrons were observed during trials, but the magnitude of the burst which motivated this work could not be replicated. Control trials with inert gas, which should produce no reaction, also demonstrated neutron signal. Future experimental directions are also discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=321 | ||||||
| 4441 | Journal Article | Weber, S. E., Liu, F. S., Khanna, S. N., Rao, B. K., Jena, P. | 1991 | Theory of hydrogen pairing in metals | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 172-174 | Theory of hydrogen pairing in metals | theory, H pairing, PdH2 | ||||||||
| 4442 | Journal Article | Wei, S. H., Zunger, A. | 1990 | Instability of diatomic deuterium in fcc palladium | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 367 | Instability of diatomic deuterium in fcc palladium | theory, distance, structure, PdH | ||||||||
| 4443 | Journal Article | Wei, S. H., Zunger, A. | 1990 | Stability of atomic and diatomic hydrogen in fcc palladium | Solid State Commun., Vol = 73 | Stability of atomic and diatomic hydrogen in fcc palladium | theory, distance, lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 4444 | Conference Proceedings | Wei, Q., Cui, Y.O., Pan, G. H., Deng, X. Q., Li, X. Z. | 2002 | Excess heat in Pd/C catalyst electrolysis experiment (Case-type cathode) | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Excess heat in Pd/C catalyst electrolysis experiment (Case-type cathode) 4053 | heat, electrolysis, D2O, Case catalyst | At high temperatures, the Pd/C catalyst cathode (Case-type) electrolysis in heavy water might produce more excess heat than at room temperature. While the 'excess heat' in Case-type experiment was apparently confirmed at the higher temperature, the method raised new problems with electrolysis near boiling temperatures. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WeiQexcessheat.pdf | |||
| 4445 | Conference Proceedings | Wei, Q., Li, X. Z., Cui, Y.O. | 2003 | Excess Heat In Heavy Water--Pd/C Catalyst Cathode (Case-Type) Electrolysis At Temperatures Near The Boiling Point | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Excess Heat In Heavy Water--Pd/C Catalyst Cathode (Case-Type) Electrolysis At Temperatures Near The Boiling Point | catalyst, Pd | |||||
| 4446 | Conference Proceedings | Wei, Q., Liu, B., Mo, Y., Zheng, S., Cao, D. X., Wang, X., Tian, J. | 2004 | Deuterium (Hydrogen) Flux Permeating through Palladium and Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Eleventh International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Marseille, France | Deuterium (Hydrogen) Flux Permeating through Palladium and Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | theory | Deuterium (hydrogen) flux permeating palladium has been analyzed using mass spectroscopy (SRS RGA200) in a new apparatus. The 'mass 6' component has been confirmed again. It is found that Langevin rate of D3+ generation in the mass spectrometer plays an important role. However, 'mass 6' component cannot be attributed to D3+ only. The palladium plays an important role as well. The mixture of deuterium and hydrogen gas has been used to test the prediction of resonant tunneling theory as well. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WeiQdeuteriumh.pdf | |||||
| 4447 | Conference Proceedings | Wei, Q., Li, X. Z., Liu, B., Mueller, N., Schoch, P., Orhre, H. | 2005 | High Resolution Mass Spectrum for D2 (H2) Gas Permeating Palladium Film | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | High Resolution Mass Spectrum for D2 (H2) Gas Permeating Palladium Film | loading | ||||||
| 4448 | Conference Proceedings | Wei, Q., Rao, Y. C., Zheng, S., Luo, D. L., Li, X. Z. | 2007 | Element Analysis of the Surface Layer on the Pd and Pd-Y Alloy after Deuterium Permeation | Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Anomalies in Hydrogen / Deuterium Loaded Metals | Sicily, Italy | Element Analysis of the Surface Layer on the Pd and Pd-Y Alloy after Deuterium Permeation | Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Pd, Pd-Y, ToF-SIMS, deuterium permeation, Transmutation | ToF-SIMS analysis showed that new elements appeared on the surface layer of a palladium sample and on a palladium-yttrium alloy sample after permeation of deuterium through the surface. It agrees with the similar experimental results at the Advanced Technology Research Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Our experiment showed that this phenomenon may appear at higher temperatures even when there is no multiple layer coating on the sample surface. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ISCMNSproceeding.pdf#page=360 | |||||
| 4449 | Magazine Article | Weinberger, S. | 2004 | Warming Up to Cold Fusion | Washington Post Magazine | November 21, 2004 | Warming Up to Cold Fusion | Review | Peter Hagelstein is trying to revive hope for a future of clean, inexhaustible, inexpensive energy. Fifteen years after the scientific embarrassment of the century, is this the beginning of something? | A description of DoE review panel. Article begins: 'Peter Hagelstein is trying to revive hope for a future of clean, inexhaustible, inexpensive energy. Fifteen years after the scientific embarrassment of the century, is this the beginning of something . . .' http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/Weinbergerwarmingupt.pdf | |||||
| 4450 | Journal Article | Welborn, V. | 1991 | The cold fusion story: A case study illustrating the communication and information seeking behavior of scientists | Sci. Technol. Librarian, Vol = Spring | The cold fusion story: A case study illustrating the communication and information seeking behavior of scientists | history | ||||||||
| 4451 | Journal Article | Wendt, G. L., Irion, C. E. | 1922 | Experimental attempts to decompose tungsten at high temperatures | Science, Vol = 55, Num = 1425, Page = 422-423 | Experimental attempts to decompose tungsten at high temperatures | Transmutation | ||||||||
| 4452 | Journal Article | Wenzl, H. | 1989 | Fruitless experiments to prove 'cold nuclear fusion' | Phys. Bl., Vol = 45 | Fruitless experiments to prove 'cold nuclear fusion' | critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 4453 | Conference Proceedings | Werjefelt, B. | 1995 | Energy From Magnetic Materials/Magnetic Fields | IAP Program on Cold Fusion | MIT | Jan. 21, 1995 | Energy From Magnetic Materials/Magnetic Fields | magnetic energy, zero point | ||||||
| 4454 | Journal Article | Werle, H., Fieg, G., Lebkuecher, J., Moeschke, M. | 1989 | Trials to induce neutron emission from a titanium-deuterium system | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Trials to induce neutron emission from a titanium-deuterium system | titanium D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 4455 | Report | Werth, J., Hunter, G. W., R. , P. G., Balko, E. N. | 1990 | Experimental Investigations into the Pons-Fleischmann Effect | Fusion Technol., Vol = 16 | Experimental Investigations into the Pons-Fleischmann Effect | Pd, D2O, heat+, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 4456 | Journal Article | Whaley, K. B. | 1990 | Boson enhancement of finite-temperature coherent dynamics for deuterium in metals | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 41, Num = 6, Page = 3473 | Boson enhancement of finite-temperature coherent dynamics for deuterium in metals | theory, screening | ||||||||
| 4457 | Journal Article | White, C. T., Dunlap, B. I., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Mintmire, J. W. | 1990 | Limits of chemical effects on cold fusion | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 3, Page = 363 | Limits of chemical effects on cold fusion | theory, distance | ||||||||
| 4458 | Journal Article | White, C. T., Brenner, D. W., Mowrey, R. C., Mintmire, J. W. | 1991 | D-D (H-H) interactions within the interstices of Pd | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1, Vol = 30 | D-D (H-H) interactions within the interstices of Pd | theory, review, critique | This paper can be downloaded at the web site of the Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, http://www.ipap.jp/jjap/index.htm. Until January 2004, anyone could register and download papers there at no cost. The journal is now charging for reprints. We hope to make reprints of this and other cold fusion related papers available here. The title, abstract and keywords for this paper are available at in this library. The abstract begins: Embedded atom, local-density-functional, and Hartree-Fock methods are used to calculate the effective interaction between deuterium (or equivalently within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation hydrogen) nuclei within palladium. No effects were found to suggest that the repulsion between deuterons in gas phase D2 is reduced within the octahedral and tetrahedral interstices of this transition metal. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WhiteCTddhhintera.pdf | ||||||
| 4459 | Book | Wicke, E., Brodowsky, H., Zichner, H. | 1978 | Hydrogen in Metals II Hydrogen in palladium and palladium alloys | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1, Vol = 30 | Alefeld, G., V???kl, J. | Springer-VerlagWicke, E. | Berlin | Hydrogen in Metals II Hydrogen in palladium and palladium alloys | Pd, phase Diagram, H, loading, pressure | |||||
| 4460 | Report | Wickenden, D. K., Reifenschweiler, O. | 1961 | Some Investigations into the Bremsstrahlung of Tritium | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1, Vol = 30 | Philips Corporation | Library, Repository hosted by TU Delft Some Investigations into the Bremsstrahlung of Tritium | titanium, tritium, reduced radioactivity | This paper is from the Philips Corporation Repository hosted by TU Delft Library: http://repository.tudelft.nl/assets/uuid:48116fe3-dadb-481e-b282-cea0bb47609e/tn2014-00263.pdf The internal and external bremsstrahlung of tritium have been investigated by a new method, using titanium-tritium films. A great discrepancy was found between the experimental results and the theory. The experimental values of the ratio I-EBS were between four and thirty times lower than the ratio I-IBS predicted by theory. This discrepancy may be due either to the generation of characteristic x-radiation in the experimental arrangement used or to the fact that the theory is not applicable to tritium on account of its extremely low atomic number and beta-ray energy. The wide scatter in the experimental results may likewise be due to the generation of characteristic x-radiation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WickendenDsomeinvest.pdf | |||||
| 4461 | Journal Article | Widom, A., Larsen, L. | 2006 | Ultra low momentum neutron catalyzed nuclear reactions on metallic hydride surfaces | Eur. Phys. J. C, Vol = 46, Num = 1, Page = 107-111 | Ultra low momentum neutron catalyzed nuclear reactions on metallic hydride surfaces | Theory | ||||||||
| 4462 | Journal Article | Wiesmann, H. | 1990 | Examination of cathodically charged palladium electrodes for excess heat, neutron emission, or tritium production | Fusion Technol., Vol = 17 | Examination of cathodically charged palladium electrodes for excess heat, neutron emission, or tritium production | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat-, neutron, tritium | ||||||||
| 4463 | Newspaper Article | Wiley, W. | 1994 | Utah scientists research cold fusion in France | The Denver Post | DenverEditor | Utah scientists research cold fusion in France | history | |||||||
| 4464 | Journal Article | Wilhelmi, Z., Szeflinski, Z., Tarasiuk, J., Turowiecki, A., Zlomanczuk, J. | 1990 | Search for neutron emission in the deuterium-palladium system | Nukleonika, Vol = 35, Num = 7-9, Page = 175 | Search for neutron emission in the deuterium-palladium system | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, gamma emission H2O | ||||||||
| 4465 | Report | Will, F. G. | 1990 | Groups Reporting Cold Fusion Evidence | Nukleonika, Vol = 35, Num = 7-9, Page = 175 | National Cold Fusion Institute | Salt Lake City, UT | September 12, 1990 | Groups Reporting Cold Fusion Evidence | Review | A table showing 92 groups from 10 countries that reported replications of cold fusion by September 12, 1990. Published by the National Cold Fusion Institute. This table reproduced from Mallove, E., Fire From Ice. 1991, NY: John Wiley, pp. 246-248 | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGgroupsrepo.pdf | |||
| 4466 | Conference Proceedings | Will, F. G., Cedzynska, K., Yang, M. C, Peterson, J. R., Bergeson, H. E., Barrowes, S. C., West, W. J., Linton, D. C. | 1991 | Studies of Electrolytic and Gas Phase Loading of Palladium with Deuterium | Second Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, 'The Science of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 373 | Bressani, T., Giudice, E. Del, Preparata, G. | Societa Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, Italy | Como, Italy | June 29-July 4, 1991 | Studies of Electrolytic and Gas Phase Loading of Palladium with Deuterium | Pd, D2O, D, tritium, loading, neutron, electrolysis, ICCF-2, heat | Highlights are presented of recent results obtained on deuterium and hydrogen loading of palladium both in electrolytes and in the gas phase. Reproducible tritium generation has been found on palladium cathodes with deuterium loadings approaching one deuterium atom per palladium atom. Tritium generation has been observed on four out of four such highly loaded cathodes. No tritium has been observed in four light water control cells operating simultaneously. Total tritium analysis was performed on all hermetically sealed cells before and after each experiment. Tentative evidence is presented for neutron generation and a single anomalous heat excursion. A novel high-pressure electrochemical cell is also described which employs a fuel cell approach, thereby avoiding oxygen evolution. Two anomalous heat excursions have been observed in this cell with excess power values up to 30%. Gas phase experiments of the Wada-type have been performed on palladium, using electrical discharges to activate the palladium. Neutron bursts up to 280 neutrons in 128 microseconds and tritium enhancements in the palladium of up to 25X background have been observed in the palladium. In both electrolytic and gas phase experiments, the tritium distribution in the palladium wires was found to be non-uniform. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGstudiesofe.pdf | ||
| 4467 | Conference Proceedings | Will, F. G., Cedzynska, K., Linton, D. C. | 1993 | Tritium Generation in Palladium Cathodes With High Deuterium Loading | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 8 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | Tritium Generation in Palladium Cathodes With High Deuterium Loading | tritium, Pd, D2O, contamination, D/Pd, electrolysis, ICCF-4 | Tritium up to fifty times background has been observed upon electrolyzing 1N D2 SO4 in four out of four cells when using Pd cathodes 'of a certain type'. No tritium was detected in four control cells, containing H2S04 in H2O, employing Pd cathodes cut from the same wire spool. Tritium amounts were from 7 x 10^10 to 2.1 x 10^11 atoms, corresponding to average generation rates from 5.1 x 10^4 to 2 x 10^5 atoms/sec/cm^2. In all cases, D/Pd and H/Pd loadings of 1 ? 0.05 were attained. A cyclic loading/unloading regime rather than the usual continuous constant current regime was applied to attain these high loadings. Tritium analysis was performed in Pd, electrolyte and the gas head space of the sealed cells. Maximum tritium concentrations of 8.9 x 10^10 atoms/g Pd, 180 times the detection limit, were found in the D-loaded Pd cathodes, none in the Η-loaded Pd, Also, no tritium within detection limit was found in 150 unused Pd pieces. Of these, 13 were cut randomly from the same wire spool as the four D-loaded Pd cathodes. The probability that the tritium in the latter was due to random spot contamination is computed as 1 in 2,380. It is concluded that the tritium was generated by nuclear reactions in the Pd. However, no tritium was detected in four D-loaded Pd cathodes of a different type in spite of attaining loadings D/Pd = 1. Different metallurgical history and impurity contents may play an important role. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGtritiumgen.pdf | |||
| 4468 | Journal Article | Will, F. G., Cedzynska, K., Linton, D. C. | 1993 | Reproducible tritium generation in electrochemical cells employing palladium cathodes with high deuterium loading | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 360 | Reproducible tritium generation in electrochemical cells employing palladium cathodes with high deuterium loading | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, tritium, H2O, loading | Reproducible tritium generation well above background has been observed in tightly closed D2SO4-containing cells in four out of four Pd wire cathodes of one type. Tritium analysis was performed before and after each experiment on the Pd, the electrolyte and the gas in the head space. No tritium generation was observed in four identical Pd cathodes in H2SO4 cells operated at the same time under the same conditions. A cyclic loading-unloading regime with low current densities, rather than the usual continuous constant current regime, was employed to attain D/Pd and H/Pd loadings of 1 ? 0.05 reproducibly. D/Pd loadings greater than 0.8 ?0.05 appear to be necessary to generate tritium. The largest amount of tritium, generated in 7 days of continuous electrolysis, was 2.1 x 10E11 tritium atoms, compared with a background of 4 x 10E9 tritium atoms. The concentration of tritium and its axial distribution in the Pd were determined and concentrations of up to 9 x 10E10 atoms/g Pd were found compared with a maximum background of 5 x 10E8 atoms g-1. The T/D ratio in the Pd is about 100 times larger than in the electrolyte or gas and indicates that tritium generation occurs in the Pd interior rather than at its surface. No tritium generation was observed in two other types of Pd electrodes in D2SO4, despite the attainment of D/Pd ratios near 1:1. Thus high D/Pd ratios appear to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for tritium generation in D2SO4 electrolysis. Experiment particle Reproducible generation of tritium during the electrolysis of heavy water is reported here; it takes place when loading ratios D/Pd near unity are achieved. A closed cell design is used, with gas recombination, and the head space analysed for tritium before and after electrolysis. A light water cell in series with the heavy water cell was run every time as a control; there were also Pd controls. A glass frit was used to physically separate the liquid cathode and anode compartments. The electrolyte was 0.5 M D2SO4, to avoid alkali leaching of the cell walls by LiOD. Cathodes were 1 and 2 mm cold-drawn Pd wire, and 2x0.5 mm cold-rolled ribbon Pd alloyed with 5% Li. To achieve high loading, repeated charging and discharging at low current densities were required (described in a patent appl.). Only the 2 mm Pd wires produced T, and none was produced in the control cells. Enhancement factors, that is T(after)/T(before) of up to 50-60 were found in the four successful runs, and amount to around 10^5 T atoms/cm^2/s, or of the order of 10^11 atoms/cm^2 over the whole run; a survey of previous work by others (10 groups) shows a range of 10^9 - 10^15 T/cm^2. Most of the T is in the liquid phase; but the four Pd wires that were successful also had more tritium inside the PdD after the experiment than before, so this must have a nuclear origin. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/WillFGreproducib.pdf | ||||||
| 4469 | Journal Article | Will, F. G. | 1997 | Hydrogen + oxygen recombination and related heat generation in undivided electrolysis cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 426 | Hydrogen + oxygen recombination and related heat generation in undivided electrolysis cells | Theory, recombination, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, critique, Jones | ||||||||
| 4470 | Journal Article | Williams, D. E. G., Findlay, D. J. S., Craston, D. H., Sene, M. R., Bailey, M., Croft, S., Hooton, B. W., Jones, C. P., Kucernak, A. R. J., Mason, J. A., Taylor, R. I. | 1989 | Upper bounds on 'cold fusion' in electrolytic cells | Nature (London), Vol = 342 | Upper bounds on 'cold fusion' in electrolytic cells | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat, neutron, tritium, critique, Harwell | ||||||||
| 4471 | Journal Article | Wilson, R. H., Bray, J. W., Kosky, P. G., Vakil, H. B., Will, F. G. | 1992 | Analysis of experiments on the calorimetry of LiOD-D2O electrochemical cells | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 332 | Analysis of experiments on the calorimetry of LiOD-D2O electrochemical cells | critique, heat, Fleischmann, electrolysis, Pd, heat, D2O | ||||||||
| 4472 | Journal Article | Wipf, H., Erckman, V. | 1976 | On Permeation Techniques for Electrotransport Studies on Metal-Hydrogen Systems | Scr. Metall., Vol = 10 | On Permeation Techniques for Electrotransport Studies on Metal-Hydrogen Systems | V, Nb, Ta, H, charge, electromigration | ||||||||
| 4473 | Journal Article | Wisniewski, R., Rostocki, A. J. | 1971 | Hall Effect in the Pd-H System | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 3, Num = 2, Page = 251 | Hall Effect in the Pd-H System | Hall Effect, Pd, H, Effective Electrons, H/Pd | ||||||||
| 4474 | Journal Article | Witherspoon, T. C., McFall, W. D., Lewis, T. C. | 1973 | Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium/Rhodium Alloys and the Possible Existence of b-Phase Rhodium Hydride | Nature Phys. Sci., Vol = 242 | Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium/Rhodium Alloys and the Possible Existence of b-Phase Rhodium Hydride | Pd-Rh, Phase Diagram, pressure, H2, structure | ||||||||
| 4475 | Journal Article | Witherspoon, M. C., Johnston, R. C., Lewis, F. A. | 1975 | The Steady-State Hydrogen Content of Catalytically Active Noble Metal Cathodes During Hydrogen Bubble Evolution at High Current Densities | Electrochim. Acta, Vol = 20 | The Steady-State Hydrogen Content of Catalytically Active Noble Metal Cathodes During Hydrogen Bubble Evolution at High Current Densities | overVoltage, H2O, Pd, loading | ||||||||
| 4476 | Conference Proceedings | Wolf, K. L., Lawson, D. R., Packham, N. J. C., Wass, J. C. | 1989 | A Search for Neutrons and Gamma Rays Associated with Tritium Production in Deuterated Metals | NSF/EPRI Workshop on Anomalous Effects in Deuterated Metals | Washington, DC | Oct.16-18, 1989 | A Search for Neutrons and Gamma Rays Associated with Tritium Production in Deuterated Metals | Pd D2O, Tritium neutron, gamma emission | ||||||
| 4477 | Conference Proceedings | Wolf, K. L., Whitesell, L., Jabs, H., Shoemaker, J. | 1990 | Tritium and Tritons in Cold Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 552 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Tritium and Tritons in Cold Fusion | Pd titanium, tritium, D2O, contamination, Charged Particle particle emission | ||||
| 4478 | Conference Proceedings | Wolf, W. L., Shoemaker, J., Coe, D. E., Whitesell, L. | 1990 | Neutron Emission from Deuterium-Loaded Metals | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 341 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Neutron Emission from Deuterium-Loaded Metals | neutron titanium, D2, Pd, D2O, electrolysis | ||||
| 4479 | Journal Article | Wolf, K. L., Packham, N. J. C., Lawson, D., Shoemaker, J., Cheng, F., Wass, J. C. | 1990 | Neutron emission and the tritium content associated with deuterium-loaded palladium and titanium metals | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 105 | Neutron emission and the tritium content associated with deuterium-loaded palladium and titanium metals | tritium, electrolysis, Pd, D2O, neutron, critique, T/n | ||||||||
| 4480 | Book | Wolf, K. L. | 1993 | Activation Data and Reaction Update | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 105 | LANL Memo from T. Claytor | Editor, Series Activation Data and Reaction Update | transmutation | |||||||
| 4481 | Report | Wolfer, W. G. | 1990 | The Elastic Properties of Aged Tritides | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 2, Page = 105 | The Elastic Properties of Aged Tritides | youngs Modulus, elastic. PdH, PdT | ||||||||
| 4482 | Journal Article | Woo, T., Noh, S. | 2011 | Lattice Squeezed Nuclear Reaction (LSNR) of Power-Cell for Nanoscopic Investigations Using Ion Beam Injections | Int. J. Green Energy, Vol = 8 | Lattice Squeezed Nuclear Reaction (LSNR) of Power-Cell for Nanoscopic Investigations Using Ion Beam Injections Theory | Lattice squeezed nuclear reaction Low energy nuclear reaction Transmutation | ||||||||
| 4483 | Journal Article | Woo, T. | 2018 | Analysis of Martian Nuclear Spacecraft Powered by Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 27 | Analysis of Martian Nuclear Spacecraft Powered by Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs) | Energy, Low energy nuclear reactions (LENRs), Mars, Spacecraft | This paper presents a model to determine the optimum power source for a manned spacecraft to Mars; that is to say, the most economical and reliable power source. Low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) is evaluated for application to several areas including space travel, in which the vacuum of space cannot provide any propellant or other materials. It is assumed that LENR may become a practical source of useable energy. Several things must be considered for a successful journey from Earth to Mars, including the trip rout, the type of rocket, energy source, and the spacecraft speed. These are discussed for space travel using LENR. The velocity of the rocket increases as the mass flow rate decreases. The shortest route of a trip to Mars is selected to reduce cost. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedz.pdf#page=42 | ||||||
| 4484 | Conference Proceedings | Worledge, D. H. | 1990 | Technical Status of Cold Fusion Results and Meeting Summary | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 930 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Technical Status of Cold Fusion Results and Meeting Summary | history, review | ||||
| 4485 | Conference Proceedings | Worledge, D. H. | 1990 | Technical Status of Cold Fusion Results | The First Annual Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 252 | Will, F. | National Cold Fusion Institute | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah | March 28-31, 1990 | Technical Status of Cold Fusion Results | review, ICCF-1 | Experimental results in cold fusion research up to the end of the 1989 are reviewed to gain a perspective on the credibility of the phenomena. The review does not attempt to be comprehensive but concentrates on the highest quality experiments claiming to give positive results. The results are used to formulate a strategy for continuing to support cold fusion research in 1990. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NCFIthefirstan.pdf#page=271 | ||
| 4486 | Journal Article | Worsham, J. E., Wilkinson, M. K., Shull, C. G. | 1957 | Neutron-Diffraction Observations on the Palladium-hydrogen and Palladium-deuterium systems | J. Phys. Chem. Solids, Vol = 3 | Neutron-Diffraction Observations on the Palladium-hydrogen and Palladium-deuterium systems | PdH, PdD, D2, H2, structure, neutron diffraction | ||||||||
| 4487 | Journal Article | Wu, C. K., Yao, Y. T., Wang, C. W., Lin, E. K. | 1989 | Experimental observation of lack of room temperature fusion between palladium and heavy water | Hua Hsueh, Vol = 47, Num = 2, Page = 139 (in Chinese) | Experimental observation of lack of room temperature fusion between palladium and heavy water | electrolysis, Pd, heat- gamma emission | ||||||||
| 4488 | Journal Article | Wu, B., Jin, S., Shang, F., Yao, D., Ding, Y., Yao, J., Yao, P. | 1991 | The SEM observation of palladium-deuterium system after the gas discharge process | Gaojishu Tongxun, Vol = 1, Num = 9, Page = 1 (in Chinese) | The SEM observation of palladium-deuterium system after the gas discharge process | gas discharge, surface analysis, Pd, D2, CR-39 | ||||||||
| 4489 | Conference Proceedings | Wu, W., Li, X. Z., Du, J. H., Tian, J., Hao, J. Z., Ma, B., Chen, J. P., Liu, B., Lei, S. Y. | 2002 | Anomalous heat effect during permeation of deuterium gas through the palladium tube | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Anomalous heat effect during permeation of deuterium gas through the palladium tube 4054 | diffusion, heat, permeation, IR camera, Pd | |||||
| 4490 | Journal Article | Wyrzykowski, K., Baranowski, B. | 1988 | Pressure-Concentration Isotherms of Pd-H Thin Films up to 0.2 GPa of Gaseous Hydrogen | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 141 | Pressure-Concentration Isotherms of Pd-H Thin Films up to 0.2 GPa of Gaseous Hydrogen | Pd, H, Phase Diagram, pressure | ||||||||
| 4491 | Journal Article | Xiao, J., Li, P. | 1999 | The possibilities for initiation of the cold fusion of the deuterons in the hydrogen storage materials | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 24 | The possibilities for initiation of the cold fusion of the deuterons in the hydrogen storage materials | Review, discussion. | ||||||||
| 4492 | Conference Proceedings | Xu, J., Manghnani, M. H., Huang, N. Z., Gao, Q. | 1990 | D-D Distance in PdD0.4 at High Pressure | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 91 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | D-D Distance in PdD0.4 at High Pressure | PdD, distance, theory, high pressure | |||||
| 4493 | Journal Article | Xu, Y., Butt, A. | 2005 | Confirmatory experiments for nuclear emissions during acoustic cavitation | Nucl. Eng. Des., Vol = 235, Num = 10-12, Page = 1317-1324 | Confirmatory experiments for nuclear emissions during acoustic cavitation | Sonofusion | ||||||||
| 4494 | Journal Article | Xuwu, A., Yan, H., Han, B., Guo, D., Xie, D., Zhu, Q., Hu, R., An, X. | 1991 | Calorimetric investigation of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 183 | Calorimetric investigation of electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium | heat, D2O, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 4495 | Conference Proceedings | Yabuuchi, N. | 1992 | Quantum Mechanics on Cold Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 641 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Quantum Mechanics on Cold Fusion | theory, ICCF-3 | According to plasma thermonuclear fusion, the deutron collide with target deutron, needs high temperature thermal energy, because the deutron change thermal energy into movement energy. But, nuclear fusion based on the characteristic of deutron as wave which does not need hightemperature thermal energy. because amplitude of wave cause the nuclear fusion easy. and the amplitude of wave field of deautrons resulting in tunneling effect. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=376 | ||
| 4496 | Conference Proceedings | Yabuuchi, N. | 2005 | Two Types of Nuclear Fusion in Solids | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Two Types of Nuclear Fusion in Solids | theory | ||||||
| 4497 | Journal Article | Yagi, M., Mitsugashira, T., Satoh, I., Hara, M., Shiokawa, Y., Inoue, K., Masumoto, K., Suzuki, S. | 1989 | Measurement of neutron emission from a SiO2-D2 system | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. Lett., Vol = 137, Num = 6, Page = 421 | Measurement of neutron emission from a SiO2-D2 system | SiO2, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 4498 | Journal Article | Yagi, M., Shiokawa, Y., Suzuki, S., Hara, M., Satoh, I., Masumoto, K., Mitsugashira, T. | 1989 | Measurement of neutron emission from a titanium-deuterium system | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 137, Num = 6, Page = 411 | Measurement of neutron emission from a titanium-deuterium system | titanium D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 4499 | Journal Article | Yague, A. R. | 1990 | Cold nuclear fusion and its history | Metal. Electr. (Spain), Vol = 54, Num = 618, Page = 134 (in Spanish) | Cold nuclear fusion and its history | review | ||||||||
| 4500 | Conference Proceedings | Yamada, H., Sugaya, N., Kamioka, T., Matsukawa, M., Fujiwara, T., Noto, K. | 1992 | Neutron Emission from Palladium Electrodes in Deuterium Gas under Highly Non-uniform Electric Field | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 465 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Neutron Emission from Palladium Electrodes in Deuterium Gas under Highly Non-uniform Electric Field | Gas discharge, Pd, neutron, D2, ICCF-3 | The fusion reproducibility in palladium (Pd) has been searched with the detection of excess and neutron for point-to-plane electrode configuration in deuterium (D2) and in hydrogen (H2) gas atmosphere using a Pd, nickel (Ni) and tungsten (W) point. Excess neutron counts were observed using D2 loaded Pd points under DC high voltage applications. To the contrary, no count except background was observed with other points under the similar test condition. The observed highest counting rate was 61 counts for 10 seconds from the Pd is equivalent to the neutron emission of ~ 1?10 ^5 n/(s*cm^3). A DC discharge (<10 kV) between point (Pd) and plane (brass) electrodes in high pressure D2 (2 atm) produced neutrons. Points of Ni and W produced nothing. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=203 | ||
| 4501 | Journal Article | Yamada, H., Nonaka, H., Dohi, A., Hirahara, H., Fujiwara, T., Li, X. Z., Chiba, A. | 1996 | Carbon Production on Palladium Point Electrode with Neutron Burst under DC Glow Discharge | J. New Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 4, Page = 55 | Carbon Production on Palladium Point Electrode with Neutron Burst under DC Glow Discharge | transmutation, carbon, gas discharge, Pd | ||||||||
| 4502 | Conference Proceedings | Yamada, H., Nonaka, H., Dohi, A., Hirahara, H., Fujiwara, T., Li, X., Chiba, A. | 1996 | Carbon Production on Palladium Point Electrode with Neutron Burst under DC Glow Discharge in Pressurized Deuterium Gas | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 610 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Carbon Production on Palladium Point Electrode with Neutron Burst under DC Glow Discharge in Pressurized Deuterium Gas | glow discharge | A point-to-plane electrode configuration in slightly pressurized deuterium gas for highly non-uniform electric field was employed to confirm the cold fusion phenomena under glow discharge condition. A neutron burst took place in 2 runs out of total 37 runs. Using an optical microscope, black deposit was observed to cover the tip surface of two positive electrodes. To the contrary, the tip surface of other 35 electrodes was observed to keep its beginning appearance. X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy have revealed the black deposit to be carbon, mixed with palladium at the surface of palladium point electrode. The total amount of carbon impurity in the palladium electrode and in environment deuterium gas dose not account for the large amount of carbon on the tip surface of electrode. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=211 | |||
| 4503 | Journal Article | Yamada, H., Fujiwara, T. | 1998 | Neutron emission from palladium point electrode in pressuriszed deuterium gas under DV voltage application | Int. J. Soc. Mat. Eng. Resources, Vol = 6, Num = 1, Page = 14 | Neutron emission from palladium point electrode in pressuriszed deuterium gas under DV voltage application | gas discharge, Pd, D2, neutron, H2, transmutation | ||||||||
| 4504 | Conference Proceedings | Yamada, H., Narita, S., Inamura, I., Nakai, M., Iwasaki, K., Baba, M. | 2000 | Tritium Production in Palladium Deuteride/Hydride in Evacuated Chamber | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 341 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Tritium Production in Palladium Deuteride/Hydride in Evacuated Chamber | Pd, layer, MnO, D2, tritium, autoradiograph, transmutation, ICCF-8 | The controlled out-diffusion method was employed to induce a nuclear reaction in a palladium (Pd) plate with a MnOx film. The time-resolved mass spectra for Pd deuteride revealed tritium (T) production during the out-diffusion experiment. Similar time behaviors of mass number 1-4 and 6 in the spectra was also observed for Pd hydride. Film blackening was observed for most Pd deuteride as well as Pd hydrides using a normal monochromatic negative photographic film. The radiation from the Pd plate consists of two kinds of components for a Pd hydride. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy has shown considerable increase in counts of Li for Pd hydride after the out-diffusion experiment. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YamadaHtritiumpro.pdf | ||
| 4505 | Journal Article | Yamada, H., Uchiyama, K., Kawata, N., Kurisawa, Y., Nakamura, M. | 2001 | Producing a radioactive source in a deuterated palladium electrode under direct-current glow discharge | Fusion Technol., Vol = 39 | Producing a radioactive source in a deuterated palladium electrode under direct-current glow discharge | glow discharge ion implanation Pd, D2 gamma emission film transmutation | ||||||||
| 4506 | Conference Proceedings | Yamada, H., Narita, S., Fujii, Y., Sato, T., Sasaki, S., Omori, T. | 2002 | Production of Ba and several anomalous elements in Pd under light water electrolysis | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Production of Ba and several anomalous elements in Pd under light water electrolysis 4055 | transmutation, electrolysis, H2O, Pd, heat, Na2CO3 | |||||
| 4507 | Conference Proceedings | Yamada, H., Narita, S., Onodera, H., Suzuki, N., Tanaka, N., Nyui, T. | 2003 | Analysis By Time-Of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy For Nuclear Products In Hydrogen Penetration Through Palladium | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Analysis By Time-Of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy For Nuclear Products In Hydrogen Penetration Through Palladium | Pd, D2, transmutation, gas loading | Elemental analysis was performed for the palladium foil through which the hydrogen gas penetrated. We analyzed sample surface by Time-of-Flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy and searched for newly produced elements during the gas permeation process. Significant increase of the counts for Cr, Fe, Cu and Ag were found after the permeation. These elements could have been produced by nuclear transmutation. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YamadaHanalysisby.pdf | |||
| 4508 | Conference Proceedings | Yamada, H., Narita, S., Taniguchi, S., Ushirozawa, S., Kurihara, S., Higashizawa, M., Sawada, H., Itagaki, M., Odashima, T. | 2005 | Producing Transmutation Elements on Plain Pd-foil by Permeation of Highly Pressurized Deuterium Gas | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Producing Transmutation Elements on Plain Pd-foil by Permeation of Highly Pressurized Deuterium Gas | gas loading, transmutation | ||||||
| 4509 | Conference Proceedings | Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T. | 1990 | Nuclear Fusion Induced by the Controlled Out-Transport of Deuterons in Palladium | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 354 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Nuclear Fusion Induced by the Controlled Out-Transport of Deuterons in Palladium | Pd, D2, neutron, heat, theory, layer, Au-Pd, electrolysis | ||||
| 4510 | Journal Article | Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T. | 1990 | Cold fusion induced by controlled out-diffusion of deuterons in palladium | Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2, Vol = 29, Num = 4, Page = L666 | Cold fusion induced by controlled out-diffusion of deuterons in palladium | Au-Pd, D2, heat, neutron, layer | A gigantic neutron burst of (1-2)?10^6 n/s has been detected from deuterated Pd plates with heterostructures set in a vacuum chamber. An explosive release of D2 gas, biaxial bending of all the samples, and excess heat evolution were also observed at the same time. It has been concluded that these phenomena are caused by the cooperative production of D accumulation layers at Pd surfaces due to controlled out-diffusion of D-atoms. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YamaguchiEcoldfusion.pdf | ||||||
| 4511 | Conference Proceedings | Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T. | 1992 | Direct Evidence for Nuclear Fusion Reactions in Deuterated Palladium | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 179 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Direct Evidence for Nuclear Fusion Reactions in Deuterated Palladium | Pd, D2, Helium, particle emission ICCF-3 | Using our own 'in vacuo' method with a heterostructure of deuterated Pd (Pd:D), we have succeeded in the first highly reproducible and 'in situ' detection of 4He production. The real time observation has been performed by high-resolution quadrupole mass spectroscopy (0.001 amu at 4 amu). The amount of 4He gas produced was closely correlated with the evolution of excess heat, and it increased with the loading ratio of D to Pd. At the highest loading ratio of D to Pd, we have also observed T production by detecting HT. The amount of HT increased in the final stages of 4He production. The system of H-loaded Pd (Pd:H) heterostructure, on the other hand, produced neither 4He nor T. Furthermore, the energy spectrum of charged particles detected during these experiments has revealed that a particles with an energy of 4.5-6 Me V and protons with an energy of 3 Me V were emitted from the oxide surface of Pd. The amount, however, was extremely small in comparison with that of 4He detected. These results indicate that a new class of nuclear fusion occurs in the Pd:D and Pd:H systems. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdinter.pdf#page=185 | ||
| 4512 | Journal Article | Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T. | 1993 | Helium-4 production and its correlation with heat evolution | Oyo Butsuri, Vol = 62, Num = 7, Page = 712 (in Japanese) | Helium-4 production and its correlation with heat evolution | review, Pd helium PdD | ||||||||
| 4513 | Journal Article | Yamaguchi, E., Nishioka, T. | 1993 | Helium-4 production from deuterated palladium | Kaku Yugo Kenkyu, Vol = 69, Num = 7, Page = 743 (in Japanese) | Helium-4 production from deuterated palladium | Au-Pd-PdO, helium, D2, coating | ||||||||
| 4514 | Journal Article | Yamaguchi, M., Yamamoto, I., Ishikawa, F., Goto, T., Miura, S. | 1997 | Thermodynamic theory of magnetic field effects on chemical equilibra and applications to metal-hydrogen systems | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253 | Thermodynamic theory of magnetic field effects on chemical equilibra and applications to metal-hydrogen systems | theory, susceptibility, PdH | ||||||||
| 4515 | Conference Proceedings | Yamaguchi, E., Sugiura, H. | 1998 | Excess Heat and Nuclear Products from Pd:D/Au Heterostructures by the 'In-vacuo' Method | The Seventh International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 420 | Jaeger, F. | ENECO, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT | Vancouver, Canada | April 19-24, 1998 | Excess Heat and Nuclear Products from Pd:D/Au Heterostructures by the 'In-vacuo' Method | deloading, neutron, heat, He, particle emission Pd-Au, layer, ICCF-7 | We report a recent progress on the experimental studies of excess power and the search for nuclear products from Pd:D/Au (Pd:H/Au) or SiO2/Pd:D/Au (SiO2/Pd:H/Au) heterostructures by the 'in-vacuo' method. The excess power generation correlated to the sample distortion was observed with 100 % reproducibility. The peak excess power was estimated as much as 8 W with the input being 0.1 W. The total amount of excess power was at most 39 kJ, indicating that the energy generated was of the order of 1 eV per D (H) atom. Nevertheless, None of the nuclear products was detected clearly. This result suggests that the highly reproducible excess power observed in the present experiment is correlated to the structural phase transition at the Pd surface. We discuss the origin of the anomalous heat generation within the condensed matter physics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ENECOtheseventh.pdf#page=420 | ||
| 4516 | Conference Proceedings | Yamaguchi, T., Sasaki, A., Nohmi, T., Taniike, A., Furuyama, Y., Kitamura, A. | 2008 | Investigation of Nuclear Transmutation Using Multilayered CaO/X/Pd Samples Under Deuterium Permeation | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Investigation of Nuclear Transmutation Using Multilayered CaO/X/Pd Samples Under Deuterium Permeation | transmutation | We constructed an experimental system in which accelerator analyses by PIXE, ERDA, NRA and RBS can be made in situ under deuterium (D) gas permeation through multilayered CaO/X/Pd samples to induce nuclear transmutation in the element X. Furthermore, to examine the effect of flow direction, we made a D gas permeation system separated from the accelerator beam-line chamber for ex-situ accelerator analysis. We report the results of recent experiments in this paper. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YamaguchiTinvestigat.pdf | |||||
| 4517 | Journal Article | Yamamoto, T., Oka, T., Taniguchi, R. | 1990 | In-situ observation of deuteride formation in palladium electrochemical cathode by x-ray diffraction method | Annu. Rep. Osaka Prefect. Radiat. Res. Inst., Vol = 30 | In-situ observation of deuteride formation in palladium electrochemical cathode by x-ray diffraction method | loading, Pd, x-ray diffraction, lattice parameter | ||||||||
| 4518 | Journal Article | Yamamoto, N., Ohsaka, T., Terashima, T., Oyama, N. | 1990 | In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance studies of water electrolysis at a palladium cathode in acidic aqueous media | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 296 | In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance studies of water electrolysis at a palladium cathode in acidic aqueous media | loading, method, Pd, film, electrolysis | ||||||||
| 4519 | Journal Article | Yamamoto, T., Taniguchi, R., Oka, T., Kawabata, K. | 1991 | In situ observation of deuteride formation in palladium foil cathode by an x-ray diffraction method | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 172-174 | In situ observation of deuteride formation in palladium foil cathode by an x-ray diffraction method | electrolysis, OCV, loading, Pd, x-ray diffraction | ||||||||
| 4520 | Conference Proceedings | Yamamoto, H. | 2002 | A catalytic role of atomic oxygen on anomalous heat generation | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | A catalytic role of atomic oxygen on anomalous heat generation 4056 | theory, Miles, hydrino | |||||
| 4521 | Conference Proceedings | Yamamoto, H. | 2005 | An Explanation of Earthquakes by the Blacklight Process and Hydrogen Fusion | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | An Explanation of Earthquakes by the Blacklight Process and Hydrogen Fusion | theory | ||||||
| 4522 | Journal Article | Yamashita, I., Tanaka, H., Takeshita, H., Kuriyama, N., Sakai, T., Uehara, I. | 1997 | Hydrogenation characteristics of TiFe1-xPdx (0.05*x*0.30) alloys | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 253-254 | Hydrogenation characteristics of TiFe1-xPdx (0.05*x*0.30) alloys | H2 Ti-Fe-Pd, phase diagram, pressure | ||||||||
| 4523 | Journal Article | Yamaura, S., Sasamori, K., Kimura, H., Inoue, A., Zhang, Y., Arata, Y. | 2002 | Hydrogen absorption of nanoscale Pd particles embedded in ZrO2 matrix prepared from Zr?????d amorphous alloys | J. Mater. Res., Vol = 17, Num = 6, Page = 1329 | Hydrogen absorption of nanoscale Pd particles embedded in ZrO2 matrix prepared from Zr?????d amorphous alloys | |||||||||
| 4524 | Journal Article | Yamazaki, O., Yoshitake, H., Kamiya, N., Ota, K. | 1995 | Hydrogen absorption and Li inclusion in a Pd cathode in LiOH solution | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 390 | Hydrogen absorption and Li inclusion in a Pd cathode in LiOH solution | loading, Pd, Li, H2O, overvoltage, surface | ||||||||
| 4525 | Journal Article | Yamazaki, O., Watanabe, Y., Yoshitake, H., Kamiya, N., Ota, K. | 1996 | Hydrogen absorption in Pd cathode in alkaline solutions | Oyobi Kogyo Butsuri Kagaku, Vol = 64 | Hydrogen absorption in Pd cathode in alkaline solutions | Pd, loading, surface analysis | ||||||||
| 4526 | Journal Article | Yan, X., Tsai, S., Guo, S., Zhang, Z. | 1989 | Room temperature deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction rate - a strong- -coupling plasma model | Chin. Phys. Lett., Vol = 6 | Room temperature deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction rate - a strong- -coupling plasma model | theory | ||||||||
| 4527 | Conference Proceedings | Yang, C. S., Liang, C. Y., Perng, T. P., Yuan, L. J., Wang, C. M., Wang, C. C. | 1990 | Observation of Excess Heat and Tritium on Electrolysis of D2O | 8th World Hydrogen Energy Conf., Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 95 | Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, 2540 Dole St., Holmes Hall 246, Honolulu, HI 96822 | Honolulu, HI | July 22-27, 1990 | Observation of Excess Heat and Tritium on Electrolysis of D2O | Pd, D2O, heat+, tritium, electrolysis | |||||
| 4528 | Journal Article | Yang, F. | 1990 | On cold fusion | Nucl. Tech. (China), Vol = 13, Num = 12, Page = 705 (in Chinese) | On cold fusion | review | ||||||||
| 4529 | Journal Article | Yang, J. | 1991 | A new fusion mechanism | Hunan Shifan Daxue Ziran Kexue Xuebao, Vol = 14, Num = 2, Page = 126 (in Chinese) | A new fusion mechanism | theory | ||||||||
| 4530 | Journal Article | Yang, J. | 1992 | (2)(1)H-e touched capturing and (2)(1)H-(2)(0)N fusion | Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Norm. Hunanensis, Vol = 15, Num = 1, Page = 18 | (2)(1)H-e touched capturing and (2)(1)H-(2)(0)N fusion | Theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 4531 | Journal Article | Yang, J., Chen, D., Zhou, G., Wu, Q., Huang, J., Tang, L., Cheng, X., Xie, D., Gu, L. | 1994 | 'Abnormal' nuclear phenomena and possible nuclear process | Fusion Technol., Vol = 25 | 'Abnormal' nuclear phenomena and possible nuclear process | Theory, transmutation | ||||||||
| 4532 | Journal Article | Yang, J., Tang, L., Chen, X. | 1996 | Possible nuclear process in deuterium-metal system | J. Changsa Univ. Elec. Power (Nat. Sci.), Vol = 11, Num = 3, Page = 289 | Possible nuclear process in deuterium-metal system | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 4533 | Journal Article | Yang, J., Tang, L., Chen, X. | 1996 | Dineutron model research of cold fusion | Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Norm. Hunanensis, Vol = 19, Num = 2, Page = 25 | Dineutron model research of cold fusion | theory, dineutron | ||||||||
| 4534 | Journal Article | Yang, T. H., Pyun, S. I. | 1996 | An investigation of the hydrogen absorption reaction into, and the hydrogen reaction from, a Pd foil electrode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 414 | An investigation of the hydrogen absorption reaction into, and the hydrogen reaction from, a Pd foil electrode | loading, Pd, overvoltage | ||||||||
| 4535 | Journal Article | Yanokura, M., Minami, M., Yamagata, S., Nakabayashi, S., Aratani, M., Kira, A., Tanihata, I. | 1989 | An approach to the cold fusion through hydrogen isotopes analysis by the heavy ion Rutherford scattering | Chem. Lett. | An approach to the cold fusion through hydrogen isotopes analysis by the heavy ion Rutherford scattering | loading, surface analysis, PdD, Pd, D2, electrolysis, D2O | ||||||||
| 4536 | Journal Article | Yao, Y. D., Wang, C. W., Lin, E. K., Wu, J. K. | 1990 | Observation of cathodic charging on a palladium electrode in heavy water | J. Mater. Sci. Lett., Vol = 9 | Observation of cathodic charging on a palladium electrode in heavy water | loading, electrolysis, Pd neutron, gamma emission D2O, H2O, diffusion | ||||||||
| 4537 | Journal Article | Yaroslavskii, M. A. | 1989 | Nuclear reactions induced by temperature changes and phase transitions in solids | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 307 | Nuclear reactions induced by temperature changes and phase transitions in solids | neutron, D2O, chemical | ||||||||
| 4538 | Journal Article | Yaroslavskii, M. A. | 1989 | Possible mechanism for the initiation of nuclear reactions during temperature changes and phase transitions in condensed materials | Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Khim., Vol = 308 | Possible mechanism for the initiation of nuclear reactions during temperature changes and phase transitions in condensed materials | neutron, chemical, biological | ||||||||
| 4539 | Conference Proceedings | Yasuda, K., Nitta, Y., Takahashi, A. | 1996 | Study of Excess Heat and Nuclear Products with Closed D2O Electrolysis Systems | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 36 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Study of Excess Heat and Nuclear Products with Closed D2O Electrolysis Systems | electrolysis tritium-, Pd, D2O, neutron-, 4He-, heat+, D/Pd, ICCF-6 | Using a closed type heavy water electrolysis system, deuterium loading ratio DlPd , output power (by using mass flow calorimetry method) and neutrons were measured in-situ simultaneously. Mass spectrum analysis of upper-cell gas and palladium cathode by a quadrupole mass spectrometer and tritium measurement in a sampled electrolyte were done by off-line techniques. Excess heats up to approximately 4 to 5W were produced with the cold worked and copper layered (0.95 /.1 m) cathode. However, during excess heat, nuclear products (neutrons) were not observed over the 3 a limit line of background level. In a few mass spectrum analyses, slight increases of helium-4 peaks were observed. However, helium-4 might not absolutely increase, because it was difficult to calibrate the mass spectrometer to deduce total amount of helium-4 from samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=51 | ||
| 4540 | Conference Proceedings | Yasui, K. | 1992 | Fractofusion Mechanism | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 605 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Fractofusion Mechanism | fractofusion, theory, ICCF-3 | The fractofusion mechanism of Cold Fusion is investigated theoretically. The conditions necessary for fractofusion are clarified. The origin and quantity of the electrical field inside cracks in the conductor are clarified also. The characteristics of Cold Fusion are explained by the mechanism. Almost all the total neutron yields experimentally observed are smaller than the upper limit predicted by the fractofusion mechanism. It indicates that they can be explained by the fractofusion mechanism. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=341 | ||
| 4541 | Journal Article | Yasui, K. | 1992 | Fractofusion mechanism | Fusion Technol., Vol = 22 | Fractofusion mechanism | theory, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 4542 | Journal Article | Yi, K., Jiang, D., Qian, X., Lin, J., Ye, Y. | 1994 | A study of D-D fusion in TiD target induced by 197Au bombardment | Nucl. Techniques (China), Vol = 17 | A study of D-D fusion in TiD target induced by 197Au bombardment | ion bombardment, TiD, Au, particle emission | ||||||||
| 4543 | Conference Proceedings | Yi-Fang, C., Zheng-Rong, L. | 1996 | Nonlinear barrier penetration and cold fusion | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 300 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Nonlinear barrier penetration and cold fusion | theory, barrier, ICCF-6 | The great difficulty of cold fusion as the nuclear reaction is the barrier penetration. The quantilativite calculation of the multistage chain reaction theory can explain some experimental facts of cold fusion. Further, we propose a new mechanism, the nonlinear barrier penetration. Its quantilativite results show some new characters even in a simplied model, for example, the penetration factor has a periodicity with the barrier thinckness. This is a new method which may be developed and applied further. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=315 | |||
| 4544 | Journal Article | Yoshida, Y., Aradono, Y., Hirabayashi, T. | 1991 | Verification of room temperature nuclear fusion. 1 | Genshiryoku Kogyo, Vol = 37, Num = 4, Page = 21 (in Japanese) | Verification of room temperature nuclear fusion. 1 | review | ||||||||
| 4545 | Journal Article | Yoshihara, K., Sekine, T., Braun, T. | 1989 | An attempt to detect fracto-fusion during microwave irradiation of D2O loaded silica gel | J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., Vol = 137 | An attempt to detect fracto-fusion during microwave irradiation of D2O loaded silica gel | SiO2, D2, microwave, neutron, fractofusion, tritium | ||||||||
| 4546 | Conference Proceedings | Yoshikawa, N., Aoki, T., Kurata, Y., Ebihara, H., Mori, K. | 1996 | Search for Tritium in Pd+D Systems by a Gas Proportional Chamber | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 365 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | Search for Tritium in Pd+D Systems by a Gas Proportional Chamber | tritium, Pd, D2, electrolysis, Au-Pd, layer, ICCF-6 | Tritium concentration in deuterium gas from Pd + D systems was measured by a gas proportional chamber. This type of detector was able to observe directly a beta ray spectrum of tritium and give a genuine number of tritium in studying gas phase system. For this purpose, the gas proportional chamber was made and was operated in low background. The detection limit was 20 Bq in one liter of deuterium gas. Tritium searches in deuterium gas phase of several different systems were done by this detector. The clear spectrum of beta ray originated from tritium decay could not be observed due to low concentration of tritium in the examined deuterium gas phase. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=380 | |||
| 4547 | Conference Paper | Yoshino, H., Igari, E., Mizuno, T. | 2014 | Replicable Model for Controlled Nuclear Reaction using Metal Nanoparticles (PowerPoint slides) | The 2014 Cold Fusion [LANR] Colloquium at MIT | MIT | Excess heat, nanoparticle | Purposes of this Report 1. Formalize a replicable CF methodology with Ni and D2 Gas: Derive a formula based on test results only using Ni nanoparticles as metal and D2 gas, which generated the best results. 2. Analyze the Gas Composition during the Test: Accurately analyzed the changes of gas composition during the test, which we believe hasn? been reported before. 3. Find CF Reaction Kinetics: Aim to find the reaction kinetics. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YoshinoHreplicable.pdf | ||||||
| 4548 | Journal Article | You, J. H., Cheng, F. H., Cheng, F. Z., Huang, F. H. | 1991 | Interior adsorption, channel collimation, and nuclear fusion in solids | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 43 | Interior adsorption, channel collimation, and nuclear fusion in solids | theory, cluster | ||||||||
| 4549 | Conference Proceedings | Yu, C. Z., Chang, Y. F. | 1994 | Internal Conversion Mechanism in Cold Fusion | International Symposium on Cold Fusion and Advanced Energy Sources, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 105 | Fox, H. | Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City | Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus | May 24-26, 1994 | Internal Conversion Mechanism in Cold Fusion | theory | ||||
| 4550 | Conference Proceedings | Yuan, L. J., Wan, C. M., Liang, C. Y., Chen, S. K. | 1992 | Neutron Monitoring on Cold-Fusion Experiments | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 461 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Neutron Monitoring on Cold-Fusion Experiments | neutron, Fused Salt, Pd, heat, replication, ICCF-3 | A helium-three proportional detector was equipped with the experiment of Liaw-type of electrolytic cell contained eutectic LiCl-KCl molten salt saturated by LiD electrolytic to collect the information's of the rate and the energy distribution of possible neutron produced during the electrolysis process. For a long time monitoring, the significant reproducible neutron bursts appeared at several runs of cells during electrolytic processing. The neutron counting rate increased about a factor of two above the level of the background measurement. The pulse height signals were verified of neutron energy ranging from thermal up to 350 keV. The neutron rate was twice background and the heat was 5-10^8 times the applied power when a Liaw-type molten salt cell was run. The neutron energy ranged from thermal up to 350 keV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=199 | ||
| 4551 | Conference Proceedings | Yue, S., Qingfu, Z., Qingquan, G. | 2002 | The crystal change and 'excess heat' production by long time electrolysis of heavy water with titanium cathode due to deuterium atom entering the lattice of titanium | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | The crystal change and 'excess heat' production by long time electrolysis of heavy water with titanium cathode due to deuterium atom entering the lattice of titanium 4057 | Ti, D2O, electrolysis, heat | |||||
| 4552 | Journal Article | Yuhara, T., Futami, H. | 1997 | Method for Identifying Nuclides that Can be Produced in Cold Nuclear Fusion | J. New Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 3/4, Page = 135 | Method for Identifying Nuclides that Can be Produced in Cold Nuclear Fusion | theory transmutation | ||||||||
| 4553 | Conference Proceedings | Yuki, H., Satoh, T., Ohtsuki, T., Aoki, T., Yamazaki, H., Kasagi, J. | 1996 | Reaction rates of the D+D reaction in metal at very low energies | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 1, Num = 2, Page = 259 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | October 13-18, 1996 | Reaction rates of the D+D reaction in metal at very low energies | theory screening, ICCF-6 | In order to study the electron screening effect on low-energy nuclear reactions in metals the D+D reaction in metal was investigated. Measured were thick target yields of protons emitted in the D(d,p)T reaction from the bombardment of Ti and Yb metals with deuteron energies between 2.5 and 6.5 ~eV in Ti and between 3.3 and 7.2 keV in Yb, respectively. The obtained yields were compared with those predicted by using the parameterization of cross sections at higher energies. It was found that the reaction rates in Ti are slightly enhanced over those of the bare D+D reaction for Ed < 4.3 keV and those in Yb are also slightly enhanced for Ed < 6.0 keV. The enhancement can be interpreted as caused by the electron screening, and the electron screening potentials in Ti and Yb are deduced for the first time to be 19 ? 12 eV and 60? 15 eV, respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthin.pdf#page=274 | ||
| 4554 | Journal Article | Yuki, H., Satoh, T., Ohtsuki, T. | 1997 | D + D reaction in metal at bombarding energies below 5 keV | J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. | D + D reaction in metal at bombarding energies below 5 keV | ion bombardment, titanium, D2 ion implantation, theory | In order to study the electron screening effect on low-energy nuclear reactions in metals, the D + D reaction in Ti and Yb was investigated. Yields of protons emitted in the D(d, p)T reactions from the deuteron bombardment of Ti and Yb thick targets with bombarding energies between 2.5 and 7.2 keV were measured. The obtained yields were compared with those predicted by using the parametrization of cross sections at higher energies. It was found that the reaction rates in metals are enhanced over those of the bare nuclei for Ed < 5 keV, and the enhancement can be interpreted as caused by the electron screening. The electron screening potentials in Ti and Yb are deduced to be 19 ? 12 eV and 81 ? 10 eV, respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YukiHddreaction.pdf | ||||||
| 4555 | Journal Article | Yuki, H., Sato, T., Ohtsuki, T., Yorita, T., Aoki, Y., Yamazaki, H., Kasagi, J., Ishii, K. | 1997 | Measurement of the D(d,p) reaction in Ti for 2.5 < Ed < 6.5 keV and electron screening in metal | J. Phys. Soc. Japan, Vol = 66 | Measurement of the D(d,p) reaction in Ti for 2.5 < Ed < 6.5 keV and electron screening in metal | ion bombardment, titanium, D2 ion implantation, theory | In order to study the electron screening effect on low-energy nuclear reactions in metals, the D+D reaction in Ti was investigated. Measured were thick target yields of protons emitted in the D(d, p)T reaction from the bombardment of Ti metal with deuteron energies between 2.5 and 6.5 keV. The obtained yields were compared with those predicted by using the parameterization of cross sections at higher energies. It was found that the reaction rates in Ti are slightly enhanced over those of the bare D+D reaction for Ed 4.3 keV, and the enhancement can be interpreted as caused by the electron screening. The electron screening potential in Ti is deduced for the first time to be 19 ? 12 eV. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YukiHmeasuremen.pdf | ||||||
| 4556 | Journal Article | Yuki, H. | 1998 | Anomalous enhancement of DD reaction in Pd and Au/Pd/PdO heterostructure targets under low-energy deuteron bombardment | JETP Lett., Vol = 68, Num = 11 | Anomalous enhancement of DD reaction in Pd and Au/Pd/PdO heterostructure targets under low-energy deuteron bombardment | ion bombardment, titanium, D2 ion implantation, theory | Yields of protons emitted in the D + D reaction in Pd, Au/Pd/PdO, Ti, and Au foils are measured by a dE-E counter telescope for bombarding energies between 2.5 and 10 keV. The experimental yields are compared with those predicted from a parametrization of the cross section and stopping power at higher energies. It is found that for Ti and Au target the enhancement of the D(d,p)T reaction is similar to that observed with a deuterium gas target (several tens of eV). The dependence of the yields on the bombarding energy corresponds well to the screening potential parameters Ux=250?15 eV for Pd and 601?23 eV for Au/Pd/PdO. Possible models of the enhancement obtained are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/YukiHanomalouse.pdf | ||||||
| 4557 | Journal Article | Yum, K-J., Lee, M. L., Bahng, G-W., Rhee, S. | 2019 | An Experiment in Reducing the Radioactivity of Radionuclide (137Cs) with Multi-component Microorganisms of 10 Strains | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 28 | An Experiment in Reducing the Radioactivity of Radionuclide (137Cs) with Multi-component Microorganisms of 10 Strains | Biological transmutation, 137Cs, Gamma-ray count rate, Multi-component microorganisms, Radioactivity | In order to observe the effect of multi-component microorganisms on the radiation intensity of a radioactive 137Cs solution, a multi-component microorganism composed with 10 strains was designed and utilized in the experiment. It was composed of the radioactivity resistant Bacillus spp., aerobic bacteria which have a high temperature resistant and good biodegrade ability, anaerobic lactic acid bacteria, highly resistant to toxicity and good polymer degradable yeast, and photosynthetic strains with a better utilization of proton and high production rate of H+: An amount of 120 ml of this multi-component microorganism was mixed with 380 ml of deionized water. An amount of 0.159 ml of hydrochloric acid solution (0.1 mol/l) containing 137Cs was added to this mixture to adjust the final radioactivity to be 50 kBq. The mixed 500 ml samples were irradiated at 12-hour intervals with light and shaken at about 120 rpm at 25?C in a shaking incubator. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedza.pdf#page=7 | ||||||
| 4558 | Journal Article | Yun, K. S., Ju, J. B., Cho, B. W., Cho, W. I., Park, S. Y. | 1991 | Calorimetric observation of heat production during electrolysis of 0.1 M LiOD + D2O solution | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 306 | Calorimetric observation of heat production during electrolysis of 0.1 M LiOD + D2O solution | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat+ | ||||||||
| 4559 | Journal Article | Yurichev, I. A., Ponyatovsky, E. G. | 1980 | Isomorphic Transitions and Critical Phenomena in F.C.C. Metals Under Hydrogen Pressure | Phys. Stat. Sol. A, Vol = 58 | Isomorphic Transitions and Critical Phenomena in F.C.C. Metals Under Hydrogen Pressure | Pd, nickel hydrogen Phase Diagram, thermodynamic | ||||||||
| 4560 | Report | Zahm, L. L., Klein, A. C., Binney, S. E., Reyes, J. N., Higginbotham, J. F., Robinson, A. H., Daniels, M. | 1989 | Experimental Investigations of the Electrolysis of D2O Using Pd and Pt Electrodes | Phys. Stat. Sol. A, Vol = 58 | Experimental Investigations of the Electrolysis of D2O Using Pd and Pt Electrodes | Pd, D2O, heat+ | ||||||||
| 4561 | Journal Article | Zahm, L. L., Klein, A. C., Binney, S. E., Reyes, J. N., Higginbotham, J. F., Robinson, A. H. | 1990 | Experimental investigations of the electrolysis of D2O using palladium cathodes and platinum anodes | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 281 | Experimental investigations of the electrolysis of D2O using palladium cathodes and platinum anodes | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, gamma emission, tritium | ||||||||
| 4562 | Journal Article | Zak, J. | 1989 | Low-temperature fusion of light nuclei in the Fleischmann-Pons reaction | Inz. Aparat. Chem., Vol = 28, Num = 5, Page = (in Polish) | Low-temperature fusion of light nuclei in the Fleischmann-Pons reaction | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, heat | ||||||||
| 4563 | Journal Article | Zakharova, V. P., Kotel'nikov, G. A. | 1989 | To the question of cold nuclear fusion | Atom. Tekh. za Rubez., Vol = 9 | To the question of cold nuclear fusion | history | ||||||||
| 4564 | Conference Proceedings | Zakowicz, W., Rafelski, J. | 1990 | Coupled Channel Model for Ultra-Low Energy Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 911 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Coupled Channel Model for Ultra-Low Energy Deuteron-Deuteron Fusion | theory | ||||
| 4565 | Journal Article | Zakowicz, W. | 1991 | Possible resonant mechanism of cold fusion | Fusion Technol., Vol = 19 | Possible resonant mechanism of cold fusion | theory, resonance | ||||||||
| 4566 | Journal Article | Zaromb, S. | 2015 | The Latest Environmental Contributions of John O'Hara Bockris | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | The Latest Environmental Contributions of John O'Hara Bockris | Catalysts for methanol synthesis, Converting captured CO2 to methanol, Methanol from natural gas, Methanol synthesisreactor, Syngas by steam reforming | While widely acknowledged as the father of the Hydrogen Economy and worthy to be dubbed as grandfather of the Methanol Economy, John O'Hara Bockris (JOMB) continued to inspire important environmental advances to the end of his most creative life. His co-invention of what may turn out to be a ground-breaking US Patent 8,413,420 helps to open the way to capturing CO2 from automotive exhausts and its conversion to recyclable methanol fuel, thereby greatly reducing and possibly even reversing global warming. Most recently, in a letter dated shortly before his death, published herein as the Appendix, JOMB pointed to inexpensive mass production of methanol from natural gas via the syngas route which may lead to the displacement of gasoline by methanol as the main automotive fuel and to major reductions in global CO2 emissions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedo.pdf#page=8 | ||||||
| 4567 | Patent | Zawodny, J. | 2011 | Method for Producing Heavy Electrons, Patent US 2011/0255645 Al | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 16 | NASA | Method for Producing Heavy Electrons, Patent US 2011/0255645 Al | A method for producing heavy electrons is based on a material system that includes an electrically-conductive material is selected. The material system has a resonant frequency associated therewith for a given operational environment. A structure is formed that includes a non-electrically-conductive material and the material system. The structure incorporates the electrically-conductive material at least at a surface thereof. The geometry of the structure supports propagation of surface plasmon polaritons at a selected frequency that is approximately equal to the resonant frequency of the material system. As a result, heavy electrons are produced at the electrically-conductive material as the surface plasmon polaritons propagate along the structure. Patent Assignee: NASA | US 2011/0255645 Al http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZawodnyJmethodforp.pdf | ||||||
| 4568 | Journal Article | Zelenskii, V. F., Bozhko, V. P., Golovnya, V. Ya., Oleinik, S. N. | 1990 | Experimental investigation of cold D-D-fusion by ion implantation | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved. | Experimental investigation of cold D-D-fusion by ion implantation | ion implantation, Pd, nickel, titanium, neutron, gamma emission | ||||||||
| 4569 | Journal Article | Zelenskii, V. F., Rybalko, V. F., Morozov, A. N., Tolstolutskaya, G. D., Kulish, V. G., Pistryak, S. V., Martynov, I. S. | 1990 | Experiments on cold nuclear fusion in Pd and Ti saturated with deuterium by ion implantation | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., Vol = 52, Num = 1, Page = 65 (in Russian) | Experiments on cold nuclear fusion in Pd and Ti saturated with deuterium by ion implantation | Pd titanium, ion implantation, D2, neutron, particle emission, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 4570 | Journal Article | Zelenskii, V. F., Rybalko, V. F. | 1991 | Studies of neutron emission by mechanical destruction of Ti and Pd samples, saturated with deuterium | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., Vol = 2, Num = 56, Page = 46 (In Russian) | Studies of neutron emission by mechanical destruction of Ti and Pd samples, saturated with deuterium | titanium, TiD, neutron, fractofusion | ||||||||
| 4571 | Journal Article | Zelenskii, V. F., Rybalko, V. F., Morozov, A. N., Pistryak, S. V., Tolstolutskaya, G. D., Kulish, V. G. | 1991 | Preliminary results of the second series of experiments on cold fusion | Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh. Ser.: Fiz. Radiats. Povr. Radiats. Materialoved., Vol = 2, Num = 56, Page = 48 (In Russian) | Preliminary results of the second series of experiments on cold fusion | ion implanatation, Pd, Ti, D2, particle emission | ||||||||
| 4572 | Journal Article | Zelensky, V. F. | 2017 | Fusion of Light Atomic Nuclei in Vacuum and in Solids and Two Ways of Mastering Nuclear Fusion Energy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Fusion of Light Atomic Nuclei in Vacuum and in Solids and Two Ways of Mastering Nuclear Fusion Energy | Anomalous gamma-conversion, Chemonuclear fusion, Cold fusion | Two ways of mastering nuclear fusion energy, viz., controlled thermonuclear fusion and cold fusion, are considered. This paper deals with the intensive cold fusion model, hereinafter referred to as the chemonuclear fusion hypothesis. The determining role of virtual photons and electrons of anomalous internal gamma-conversion in cold fusion is shown. The chemonuclear fusion hypothesis for the 2D-, HD- and (7Li?1H)gas-transition metal systems provides an explanation of cold fusion. It is demonstrated that this hypothesis can serve as a base for the development of cold fusion reactors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=158 | ||||||
| 4573 | Journal Article | Zelensky, V. F., Gamov, V. O., Ulybkin, A. L., Virich, V. D. | 2017 | Experimental Device of Cold HD-Fusion Energy Development and Testing (Verification Experiment) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | Experimental Device of Cold HD-Fusion Energy Development and Testing (Verification Experiment) | Anomalous gamma-conversion, Chemonuclear fusion, Cold fusion | The work is devoted to experimental check of the intensive cold fusion model (the chemonuclear fusion scenario) developed. For experiments, the experimental device of cold fusion energy in HD-nickel system has been made. To create an ?ctive pseudocomposite? layer (offered in V.F. Zelensky, The Int. Conf. on Cold Fusion-20. Japan, 2016) on the electrode surface, an operating procedure has been developed for processing nickel electrodes of the energy generator. All the phenomena expected in the chemonuclear fusion scenario were observed in the 'verification experiment' (except gamma-radiation caused by the bineutron-nickel nucleus interaction). The conclusion is drawn that the chemonuclear fusion scenario successfully explains the process of intensive cold fusion in three fusion systems (2D?, HD? and (7Li?1H)gas-transitive metal), and thus, can form the basis for the development of cold fusion reactors. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedw.pdf#page=180 | ||||||
| 4574 | Journal Article | Zelentsov, V. V. | 1989 | New but well forgotten [matters] | Koord. Khim., Vol = 19 | New but well forgotten [matters] | review | ||||||||
| 4575 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Z.-L., Yan, B. Z., Wang, M. G., Gu, J., Tan, F. | 1990 | Calorimetric Observation Combined with the Detection of Particle Emissions During the Electrolysis of Heavy Water | Anomalous Nuclear Effects in Deuterium/Solid Systems, 'AIP Conference Proceedings 228', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 572 | Jones, S., Scaramuzzi, F., Worledge, D. H. | American Institute of Physics, New York | Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT | Oct. 22-23. 1990 | Calorimetric Observation Combined with the Detection of Particle Emissions During the Electrolysis of Heavy Water | Pd, D2O, heat+, neutron, tritium, electrolysis | ||||
| 4576 | Journal Article | Zhang, J. S. | 1991 | The estimation of the difference between d(n,n)3He and d(d,p)T cross sections in the cold fusion | Commun. Theor. Phys. (China), Vol = 16 | The estimation of the difference between d(n,n)3He and d(d,p)T cross sections in the cold fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 4577 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Q. F., Gou, Q. Q., Zhu, Z. H., Xio, B. L., Lou, J. M., Liu, F. S., S., J. X., Ning, Y. G., Xie, H., Wang, Z. G. | 1992 | The Detection of 4-He in Ti-Cathode on Cold Fusion | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 531 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | The Detection of 4-He in Ti-Cathode on Cold Fusion | titanium, D2O, heat+, Helium electrolysis ICCF-3 | The Ti- cathode has been examined after electrolysis with remarkable phenomenon of 'excess heat' by SIMS. The special mass peak of 4 amu in SIMS spectra of Ti- cathode has been detected by a series of experiments. It's concluded that the mass peak of 4 amu is the mass peak of 4He in Ti-Cathode produced in cold fusion. To avoid interference of Dz and HzD with 4He in SIMS spectra , the negative SIMS spectra are used in the detection of 4He. Ti rod was partly immersed in electrolyte during electrolysis. He-4 was detected at various positions after excess heat was observed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=269 | ||
| 4578 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, X., Zhang, W.-S., Wang, D., Chen, S., Fu, Y., Fan, D., Chen, W. | 1992 | On the Explosion in a Deuterium/Palladium Electrolytic System | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 381 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | On the Explosion in a Deuterium/Palladium Electrolytic System | explosion, Pd, D2O, ICCF-3 | An explosion in a D/Pd electrolytic system is analyzed; it is not a chemical explosion but a cold fusion reaction. A possible mechanism of cold fusion is presented. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangXontheexplo.pdf | ||
| 4579 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Z.-L., Liu, S. I. | 1992 | Thermodynamic Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion (C.N.F.) | Third International Conference on Cold Fusion, 'Frontiers of Cold Fusion', Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 617 | Ikegami, H. | Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan | Nagoya Japan | October 21-25, 1992 | Thermodynamic Theory of Cold Nuclear Fusion (C.N.F.) | theory, ICCF-3 | A new discipline known as solid-state theory of thermodynamics has been established in the period (1979-1991) by Shu-I Lui. . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/IkegamiHthirdintera.pdf#page=353 | ||
| 4580 | Journal Article | Zhang, W. X. | 1992 | Possibility of phase transitions inducing cold fusion in palladium/deuterium systems | Fusion Technol., Vol = 21 | Possibility of phase transitions inducing cold fusion in palladium/deuterium systems | theory, phase change | ||||||||
| 4581 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Q. Q., Gou, Z., Zhu, J., Lou, F., Liu, J. S., Miao, B., Ye, A., Cheng, S. | 1993 | The Excess Heat Experiments on Cold Fusion in a Titanium Lattice | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 2, Num = 4, Page = 17 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Lahaina, Maui | Dec. 6-9,1993 | The Excess Heat Experiments on Cold Fusion in a Titanium Lattice | titanium, D2O heat+, surface analysis, structure, electrolysis ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4582 | Journal Article | Zhang, F. X., Jin, S. X. | 1993 | Effect of electron screening and ionic correlation on the fusion rate of deuterium in Pd/D system | Chin. Sci. Bull., Vol = 38, Num = 9, Page = 718 | Effect of electron screening and ionic correlation on the fusion rate of deuterium in Pd/D system | Theory, plasma | ||||||||
| 4583 | Journal Article | Zhang, Q., Gou, Q., Zhu, Z., Luo, J., Liu, F., Sun, J., Miao, B., Ye, A., Cheng, X. | 1995 | The excess heat experiments on cold fusion in titanium lattice | Chin. J. At. Mol. Phys., Vol = 12, Num = 2, Page = 165 | The excess heat experiments on cold fusion in titanium lattice | electrolysis titanium, D2O, heat+ | ||||||||
| 4584 | Journal Article | Zhang, Z.-L., Sun, X., Zhou, W., Zhang, L., Li, B., Wang, M., Yan, B. Z., Tan, F. | 1995 | Precision calorimetric studies of H2O electrolysis | J. Thermal Anal., Vol = 45 | Precision calorimetric studies of H2O electrolysis | Pd, heat, H2O | ||||||||
| 4585 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Q., Guo, Q., Zhu, Z., Liu, F., Luo, J., Yue, S., Licai, C. | 1996 | The Relationship of Crystal Structure Transition of Ti-Cathode and 'Excess Heat' on Cold Fusion | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 551 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | The Relationship of Crystal Structure Transition of Ti-Cathode and 'Excess Heat' on Cold Fusion | Deuterium, Titanium, Structure of Lattice | This paper presents an experiment result of crystal structure transition of Ti-cathode due to 'excess heat' of cold fusion. It has been found that the crystal structure of Ti-cathode is changed from hexagonal to face-centered cube structure after cold fusion with 'excess heat'. On the contrary, there will be no observable change for that without 'excess heat'. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=150 | |||
| 4586 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, X-W., Wu, J., Zhang, W-S., Fu, Y., Wang, D., Chen, S., Li, Y. Q., Long, H., Ying, W., Tang, H., Li, Z., Shen, G., Zhou, Z., Qi, B., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Yang, Y. | 1996 | New Experimental Results and Analysis of Anomalous Phenomenon in Gas Discharge | Sixth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Progress in New Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 2, Num = 2, Page = 600 | Okamoto, M. | New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan | Lake Toya, Hokkaido, Japan | New Experimental Results and Analysis of Anomalous Phenomenon in Gas Discharge | glow discharge | Counts and energy Spectrums of x-ray have been registered in gas glow discharge system [1], there were some anomalies in about 100 energy spectrums. When discharge voltage was 4-14kv, thcre were 30-300kev continuous x-ray, their intensities were 10%-1000 % of background. According to registered energy spectrums the energy dependence of thc mass attenuation cross section (mu / p) could be obtained, it was differcnt than standard (mu / p)* , sometime negative absorption was detected. We suggested some explanation of above anomalies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/NEDOthesixthina.pdf#page=201 | |||
| 4587 | Journal Article | Zhang, Q., Gou, Q., Zhu, Z., Liu, F., Luo, J., Sun, Y. | 1996 | The relationship of crystal structure transition of Ti-cathode and 'excess heat' on cold fusion | Chin. J. At. Mol. Phys., Vol = 13, Num = 3, Page = 257 (in Chinese) | The relationship of crystal structure transition of Ti-cathode and 'excess heat' on cold fusion | theory phase transition Ti, heat | ||||||||
| 4588 | Journal Article | Zhang, Z., Liu, F., Liu, M., Wang, Z., Zhong, F., Wu, F. | 1997 | Calorimetric studies on the electrorefining process of copper | J. Thermal Anal., Vol = 50 | Calorimetric studies on the electrorefining process of copper | heat+, Cu, co-deposition, D2O | ||||||||
| 4589 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, X.-W., Li, H. Q. | 1997 | The maximum hydrogen (deuterium) loading ratio in the Pd|H2O(D2O) electrochemical system | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 434 | The maximum hydrogen (deuterium) loading ratio in the Pd|H2O(D2O) electrochemical system | theory, loading, OCV, electrolysis | Based on the Volmer-Heyrovsky-Tafel mechanism, Frumkin adsorption and thermodynamic data of hydrogen (deuterium) absorption in Pd, effects of surface parameters on the hydrogen deuterium) loading ratio into Pd in the hydrogen (deuterium) evolution reaction are discussed. There is a change of mechanism from the Volmer-Tafel route to the Volmer-Heyrovsky route when the current density rises, and there exists the maximum loading ratio at a certain current density when the symmetry factor of the Heyrovsky step is less than that of the Volmer reaction. The theoretical results fit the experimental data presented before very well; other factors that affect the loading ratio are discussed as well. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSthemaximum.pdf | ||||||
| 4590 | Journal Article | Zhang, Q., Liu, F., Sun, Y., Cheng, L., Zhou, X., Cheng, X. | 1998 | The experimental study on the 'excess heat' for deuteron absorbed in the lattice of titanium | Chin. J. At. Mol. Phys., Vol = 15 | The experimental study on the 'excess heat' for deuteron absorbed in the lattice of titanium | electrolysis, Pd, heat+, D2O | ||||||||
| 4591 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, X.-W. | 1998 | A numerical approach to the voltammograms of a thick plate Pd|H electrode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 445 | A numerical approach to the voltammograms of a thick plate Pd|H electrode | loading | The kinetics of H sorption in a thick plate Pd|H electrode in cyclic voltammetry (CV) are studied by numerical methods and the effects of various parameters on the peak potential, peak current and hydrogen concentration are discussed. We find that the hydrogen concentration in PdHx is much less than the equilibrium value and give a simple criterion for the existence of phases occurring during CV. The voltammetric electro-sorption of H into Pd and electro-desorption of H from Pd are controlled by the adsorption of H on Pd and diffusion of H in Pd, respectively. By comparison with the previous experimental results, it is concluded that there are two sorts of adsorption, strong and weak playing key roles in H absorption into Pd at anodic and cathodic overpotentials (vs. RHE), respectively. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSanumerical.pdf | ||||||
| 4592 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, X.-W., Zhao, X. G | 1998 | Voltammograms of thin layer Pd/H(D) electrodes in the coexistence of a and ?? phases | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 458 | Voltammograms of thin layer Pd/H(D) electrodes in the coexistence of a and ?? phases | PdH, PdD, phase diagram, OCV | The kinetics of a thin layer Pd H(D) electrode at the coexistence of α and β phases in cyclic voltammetry are studied and the effects of various parameters are discussed. It is found that the voltammogram of the α ↔ β phase transition is trigonal in shape which differs significantly from those for diffusion and adsorption. The kinetic characteristics of the α + β mixed region are controlled by the deviation of parameters from the thermodynamic values. These results indicate that cyclic voltammetry can be used for studying the kinetics of phase transition occurring in a layer electrode. The present treatment is verified by comparison with the previous experimental results. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSvoltammogr.pdf | ||||||
| 4593 | Journal Article | Zhang, Q. F., Kiu, F. S., Sun, Y., Chen, L. C., Yang, Q. D. | 1999 | Research of calorimeter of water electrolysis open system | Sichuan Lianhe Daxue Xuebao, Gongcheng Kexueban (J. Sichuan Union Univ., Eng. Sci. Ed.), Vol = 3, Num = 5, Page = 33 [in Chinese] | Research of calorimeter of water electrolysis open system | heat, critique, Fleischmann | ||||||||
| 4594 | Journal Article | Zhang, Z., Z., Zhang. | 1999 | A probable theoretical model on deuterion-deuterion two-body tight bound states | Nucl. Phys. Rev. (China), Vol = 16 | A probable theoretical model on deuterion-deuterion two-body tight bound states | Theory | ||||||||
| 4595 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-L. | 1999 | Effects of self-stress on the hydrogen absorption into palladium hydride electrodes of plate form under galvanostatic conditions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 474 | Effects of self-stress on the hydrogen absorption into palladium hydride electrodes of plate form under galvanostatic conditions | loading | Effects of diffusion induced stress on the hydrogen absorption into plate form electrodes of β-phase PdHx are discussed numerically based on the Volmer-Tafel route of the hydrogen evolution reaction, and thermodynamic considerations involving stress fields and non-ideal interactions of hydrogen in the electrode. It is found that the self-induced stresses enhance the absorption rate and may exceed the yield stress, especially when the thickness of the plate and/or charging current (or negative potential) increase. On the other hand, a plate with both sides exposed to electrolyte absorbs hydrogen more rapidly than that with only one side exposed to electrolyte under the same equivalent thickness and other conditions. Of course, the stresses developed in the former plate are always greater than those of the latter. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsofs.pdf | ||||||
| 4596 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, X.-W., Wu, F. | 1999 | Numerical simulation of hydrogen (deuterium) absorption into β-phase hydride (deuteride) palladium electrodes under galvanostatic conditions | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 474 | Numerical simulation of hydrogen (deuterium) absorption into β-phase hydride (deuteride) palladium electrodes under galvanostatic conditions | loading | The kinetics of H(D) absorption into a β-phase PdHx (PdDx) electrode are discussed numerically, based on the Volmer-Tafel route of the hydrogen (deuterium) evolution reaction and thermodynamic and kinetic data of H(D) in the b-phase PdHx (PdDx). It is found that the asymptotic loading ratio of H(D) is determined only by the Tafel step under galvanostatic conditions. The kinetics of H(D) absorption can be characterised by a parameter? . . . | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSnumericals.pdf | ||||||
| 4597 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, X.-W. | 2000 | Effects of Temperature on Loading Ratios of Hydrogen (Deuterium) in Palladium Cathodes under the Galvanostatic Conditions | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 205 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Effects of Temperature on Loading Ratios of Hydrogen (Deuterium) in Palladium Cathodes under the Galvanostatic Conditions | loading, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, overvoltage, pressure, theory, ICCF-8 | On the basis of the thermokinetics of the hydrogen (deuterium) evolution reaction and the thermodynamics of Pd+H(D) system, we analytically and numerically discuss effects of temperature on the loading ratio of hydrogen (deuterium) absorption into electrodes of β-phase PdHx (PdDx) under the galvanostatic charging condition. It is found that the change of the loading ratio with temperature depends on the absorption enthalpy, adsorption enthalpy and apparent activation energy of the exchange current density of the Tafel reaction. Our theoretical predictions fit the available experimental results well. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsoft.pdf | ||
| 4598 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, W.-S., Zhong, M. H., Tan, F. | 2000 | Measurements of Excess Heat in the Open Pd/D2O Electrolytic System by the Calvet Calorimetry | 8th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 1, Num = 1, Page = 91 | Scaramuzzi, F. | Italian Physical Society, Bologna, Italy | Lerici (La Spezia), Italy | May 21-26, 2000 | Measurements of Excess Heat in the Open Pd/D2O Electrolytic System by the Calvet Calorimetry | heat+, Pd, D2O, electrolysis, ICCF-8 | Excess heat was observed in the Pd|D2O electrolytic system using a Calvet type microcalorimeter. It was found that the average excess power was 0.025 W over 79 hours period. This result corresponds to a volume excess power of 8.75 W /cm^3 Pd or a surface excess power of 0.044 W /cm^2 Pd, and a specific excess heat of 2.48 MJ/cm^3 Pd or 228 eV/atom Pd. The current density and D/Pd ratio for excess power production were lower than the recognized 'threshold' values 100-150 mA/cm^2 and 0.83-0.92 D/Pd, this indicates that the critical requirement for reproduction of the anomalous heat can be ?ut down' using high sensitivity calorimetry. By comparison with that of the Pd/D2O system, no anomalous excess heat was measured in the Pd/H2O electrolytic system within the experimental uncertainty. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangZLmeasuremen.pdf | ||
| 4599 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, X.-W., Zhang, Z.-L. | 2000 | Effects of self-induced stress on the steady concentration distribution of hydrogen in fcc metallic membranes during hydrogen diffusion | Phys. Rev. B: Mater. Phys., Vol = 62 | Effects of self-induced stress on the steady concentration distribution of hydrogen in fcc metallic membranes during hydrogen diffusion | loading | Based on the thermodynamics involving the lattice expansion due to hydrogen insertion, the interaction between hydrogen atoms and the blocking effect in hydrogen diffusion, we discuss the profiles of hydrogen concentration and self-induced stress, and their interaction in the steady state during hydrogen diffusion across elastic membranes of fcc metals or alloys. Contrary to the conventional viewpoint, it is found that the selfinduced stress suppresses the departure of the concentration distribution from the linearity. The residual stress profile depends on the phase of metal-hydrogen system. However, the diffusion flux is independent of the existence and magnitude of self-stress; this conclusion means that the conventional steady-state method for measurement of the diffusion coefficient can be applied experimentally even while the self-stress effect is significant. Finally, although these results are obtained from the fcc metal-hydrogen system, our conclusions can be extended to the diffusion problem of other interstitials in solid samples. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsofsa.pdf | ||||||
| 4600 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-L. | 2000 | Steady concentration distribution of hydrogen in elastic membranes during hydrogen diffusion | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 302 | Steady concentration distribution of hydrogen in elastic membranes during hydrogen diffusion | loading | A critical discussion on non-linear steady-state concentration profiles for hydrogen diffusion in elastic metallic membranes, proposed by other authors, is provided based on mathematical analysis and numerical simulation. It is shown that the non-linear distribution is non-existent and the linear form is the only solution for the ideal solid solution phase. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSsteadyconc.pdf | ||||||
| 4601 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, X.-W. | 2000 | Effects of temperature on hydrogen absorption into palladium hydride electrodes in the hydrogen evolution reaction | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 481 | Effects of temperature on hydrogen absorption into palladium hydride electrodes in the hydrogen evolution reaction | loading | On the basis of the thermokinetics of the hydrogen (deuterium) evolution reaction and the thermodynamics of Pd+H(D) system, we analytically and numerically discuss effects of temperature on the loading ratio of hydrogen (deuterium) absorption into electrodes of β-phase PdHx (PdDx) under the galvanostatic charging condition. It is found that the change of the loading ratio with temperature depends on the absorption enthalpy, adsorption enthalpy and apparent activation energy of the exchange current density of the Tafel reaction. Our theoretical predictions fit the available experimental results well. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsofta.pdf | ||||||
| 4602 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-F., Zhang, Z.-L. | 2002 | Electrochemical effects on the resistance measurements of Pd/H electrode | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Electrochemical effects on the resistance measurements of Pd/H electrode 4058 | Pd, H2O, resistivity, PdH | Additional resistances contributed to that of PdHx electrode in an electrolyte using the direct current method are calculated. It is found that an electrode with a large ratio of length to radius, an active surface, a surrounding electrolyte with high conductance and high electrolysis current will induce substantial additional resistances. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSelectroche.pdf | |||
| 4603 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-F., Zhang, Z.-L. | 2002 | Primary calorimetric results on closed Pd/D2O electrolysis systems by calvet calorimetry | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Primary calorimetric results on closed Pd/D2O electrolysis systems by calvet calorimetry 4059 | heat, Pd, D2O, seebeck, electrolysis, LiOD | Anomalous heat absorption was observed in a closed Pd|D2O electrolysis system by Calvet calorimetry. The average excess power was ~ 14.6 mW over 105 hours period, which corresponds to a volume excess power of ~ 10.3 W/cm^3 Pd and heat absorption of 3.81 MJ/cm^3 Pd or 350 eV/atom Pd. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSprimarycal.pdf | |||
| 4604 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, W.-S. | 2002 | Possibility of electron capture by deuteron | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Possibility of electron capture by deuteron 4060 | theory, dineutron, deuteron, electron capture, transmutation | In this work, the results about deuteron capturing electron are obtained from some calculation according to the experimental data presented in 'NUCLEAR WALLET CARDS'. The half-life of such electron capture decay is about 1.04 x 10^11 y, which is almost as same as tsub>1/2 =1.28 x 10^9 year of K^40, the tsub>1/2 = 1.3 x 10^13 year of Te^123 and t1/2 =1.4 x 10^17 year of V50 shown in that 'CARDS'. The mass defect of this process is 6.694207691 x 10^-5 u. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangZLpossibilit.pdf | |||
| 4605 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-Q. | 2002 | Further study on the solution of Schrodinger equation of hydrogen-like atom | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Further study on the solution of Schrodinger equation of hydrogen-like atom 4061 | theory, schrodinger | In this work the Schr?inger equation of the hydrogen-like atom is analytically solved. Three sets of analytical solution are obtained if the factor r-l/i> is not neglected. The first solution is the same as the traditional radial wave function; another one diverges; the last one is far different from the traditional solution. On the consideration of the finite size of the nucleus, the third wave function does not diverge while r approaches to zero. Its radial wave function has below characteristics: (1) the angular-momentum quantum number l must be greater than the principal quantum number n; (2) l must not be 0 or 1; (3) the electron-cloud distribution differs from the traditional one; (4) the electron is closer to the nucleus by comparison with that in traditional results. On the other hand, the validity of solutions needs to be verified experimentally. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangZLfurtherstu.pdf | |||
| 4606 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, Z.-Q., Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, W.-S. | 2002 | Are there some loose bound states of nucleus-nucleus two-body system? | The 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Vol = 1 | Li, X. Z. | Tsinghua Univ. Press | Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China | Are there some loose bound states of nucleus-nucleus two-body system? 4062 | theory, schrodinger, bound states | We obtain the possible solutions of the stable Schr?inger equation with Coulomb barrier and square well potential induced by nuclear force for a two nuclei system. The wave functions, energy eigenvalues and the existence condition of the possible loose bound states of this system are given. The binding energy is few keV for ground states of some light nuclei here. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangZQarethereso.pdf | |||
| 4607 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-L., Zhang, X.-W. | 2002 | Effects of self-induced stress in tubular membranes during hydrogen diffusion | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 336 | Effects of self-induced stress in tubular membranes during hydrogen diffusion | loading | Various effects induced by self-stress during hydrogen diffusion across metallic tabular membranes are discussed. The up-hill diffusion in the initial time of permeation, the time course of inner pressure change, the steady distributions of hydrogen concentration and residual stress in membranes, and the acceleration of permeation rate on interruption of hydrogen charging are properly interpreted. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsofsb.pdf | ||||||
| 4608 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-L. | 2002 | Effects of hydrogen self-stress in thin circular-plates with clamped edges | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 346 | Effects of hydrogen self-stress in thin circular-plates with clamped edges | loading | A description of self-stress produced by hydrogen absorption into thin metallic circular-plates with clamped edges is presented. The plate deflects when the average hydrogen content exceeds a critical value, which depends mainly on the size of the plate, if no external load is applied; the plate distortion exhibits bistable characteristics, i.e. the deflection direction may be either upward or downward. On the other hand, a plate deflects prior to hydrogen insertion while an external force is imposed on it. The self-stresses and their effects on the solubility and diffusivity of hydrogen in plates are discussed as well. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsofh.pdf | ||||||
| 4609 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, Z.-F., Zhang, Z.-L. | 2002 | Some problems on the resistance method in the in situ measurement of hydrogen content in palladium electrode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 528 | Some problems on the resistance method in the in situ measurement of hydrogen content in palladium electrode | loading | Some problems on the resistance method in determining the hydrogen content in PdHx electrodes are discussed. First, the resistivity ratio of PdHx, the temperature coefficient of resistivity and the resistance of PdHx, and the resistance of Pd? having undergone hydriding-dehydriding cycles are discussed. It is found that the resistivity ratio is somewhat higher than the resistance ratio with the same x value and their difference depends on the internal stress-state arising from hydrogen insertion. Another fact that has been omitted in past work is that the temperature coefficients of PdHx resistance and resistivity increase while x > 0.7. The Pd resistance decreases with hydriding-dehydriding cycle number due to the shape deformation of the electrode, which occurs. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSsomeproble.pdf | ||||||
| 4610 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S. | 2003 | Effects of electrochemical reaction and self-stress on hydrogen diffusion in tubular membranes during galvanostatic charging | J. Alloys and Compounds, Vol = 256-357 | Effects of electrochemical reaction and self-stress on hydrogen diffusion in tubular membranes during galvanostatic charging | loading | Based on theories of hydrogen electrode reactions at the palladium surface and self-stresses of hydrogen in thin tubular shells established earlier, we numerically calculate transport properties of hydrogen across a tubular membrane under galvanostatic charging conditions. It is found that the exited hydrogen flux is much less than the charging current since the hydrogen combination reaction takes place at the outer surface. On the other hand, the overall system is in an unstable state after a long time charging; this makes the determination of hydrogen diffusivity difficult in experiments. The theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data obtained before. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsofe.pdf | ||||||
| 4611 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Hou, M.-Q., Wang, H.-Y., Fu, Y. B. | 2004 | Effects of reaction heat and self-stress on the transport of hydrogen through metallic tubes under conditions far from equilibrium | Acta Mater. | Effects of reaction heat and self-stress on the transport of hydrogen through metallic tubes under conditions far from equilibrium | loading | A thermokinetic model of hydrogen diffusion across a metallic tube is established. It includes the enthalpy change of the metal-hydrogen reaction, heat losses, dependences of reaction rate and hydrogen diffusion coefficient on temperature, and self-stress effects, etc. A phenomenon, the super fast diffusion of hydrogen before the up-hill diffusion and Fickian diffusion during hydrogen gas charging process, which has been found experimentally for 35 years, is presented by this model. Effects of pressures and other parameters are discussed. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSeffectsofr.pdf | ||||||
| 4612 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Hou, M.-Q., Wang, H.-Y., Fu, Y. | 2004 | Numerical simulation of diffusivity of hydrogen in thin tubular metallic membranes affected by self-stresses | Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol = 29 | Numerical simulation of diffusivity of hydrogen in thin tubular metallic membranes affected by self-stresses | loading | Based on the self-stress theory for hydrogen in thin tubular shells, we numerically calculate apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of hydrogen in membranes obtained from the time-lag and half-rise methods under chemopotential- and flux-step boundary conditions. It is found that ADCs differ from the diffusion coefficient under stress-free conditions when either the initial concentration or the chemopotential-step (or flux-step) is taken to be a nonzero value. At the same time, effects of other parameters on values of ADC are discussed as well. The theoretical results are qualitatively consistent with the available experimental data. Our results indicate that a small current will give the minimum error in determining the diffusion coefficient while the initial hydrogen content is nonzero. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSnumericalsa.pdf | ||||||
| 4613 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S. | 2004 | Resistance shifts of a Pd|H electrode in measurement and electrolysis with direct currents | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 571 | Resistance shifts of a Pd|H electrode in measurement and electrolysis with direct currents | loading | Some mistakes in the paper published in the Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 528 (2002) 1 are corrected. The resistance changes of a Pd|H electrode caused by the co-conduction of the electrolyte, the concentration-cell effect and collection of electrolysis current in the in situ resistance measurement using direct currents are calculated analytically. Some advice is given for resistance measurements. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSresistance.pdf | ||||||
| 4614 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S., Dash, J., Wang, Q. | 2005 | Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry With A Pd/D2O+H2SO4 Electrolytic Cell | The 12th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Yokohama, Japan | November 27 - December 2, 2005 | Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry With A Pd/D2O+H2SO4 Electrolytic Cell | Excess heat, Ti | Anomalous excess heat in Pd/D2O+H2SO4 electrolytic cells was confirmed using an accurate method of heat measurement, Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry. A cell was placed in the calorimeter, which measures the output heat flux directly and avoids many of the problems other methods have. The maximum excess power thus far was 1.3 W (or 11 W cm^-3) with input power of 13 W at a current density of 0.4 A cm^-2. Calibrations were carried out before and after electrolysis experiments using a Pt/H2O+H2SO4 electrolytic cell, a dummy cell with inner resistor, or a pure resistor. Different calibrations gave consistent device constants within experimental error. Pd cathodes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. Unexpected elements were observed on the sample surface after electrolysis. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSseebeckenv.pdf | ||||
| 4615 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S., Dash, J. | 2007 | Excess Heat Reproducibility And Evidence Of Anomalous Elements After Electrolysis In Pd/D2O+H2SO4 Electrolytic Cells | The 13th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Sochi, Russia | Excess Heat Reproducibility And Evidence Of Anomalous Elements After Electrolysis In Pd/D2O+H2SO4 Electrolytic Cells | Excess heat | Electrolyte temperature is a key factor in excess heat production using Pd|D2O+H2SO4 electrolytic cells. Best results are obtained when the electrolyte temperature is close to the boiling point. Stable excess heat is generated by events on or near the Pd cathode surface. In addition to the stable excess heat, heat bursts are sometimes observed. These occurred most frequently in experiments using 2 mm diameter tubes for the cathodes. Excess heat measured by isoperibolic calorimetry is directly verified by Seebeck envelope calorimetry. Experiments with D2 SO4 replacing H2SO4 in heavy water electrolyte showed that there was no affect on excess heat production. After electrolysis, localized concentrations of silver were found on Pd cathode surfaces. Three characteristic surface features, (1) craters with rims containing electroplated Pt; (2) cracks in the sample; and (3) palladium regions around the cathode edges are preferred locations for the occurrence of silver. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSexcessheat.pdf | |||||
| 4616 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S., Dash, J., Zhang, Z.-L. | 2008 | Construction of a Seebeck Envelope Calorimeter and Reproducibility of Excess Heat | ICCF-14 International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Washington, DC | Construction of a Seebeck Envelope Calorimeter and Reproducibility of Excess Heat | Calorimetry heat | A heat-flow calorimeter was designed and built. Its measurements are 26 cm ? 26 cm ? 26 cm (17.6 dm3 ).18,796 thermocouples are used to measure the heat-flow from the vessel walls to the outer walls, for which temperature is controlled within 0.01? from 0 to 100? by a refrigerating/heating circulator. Homogeneity of temperature in the measuring vessel is improved by a fan with constant power. The calibration was performed with an electric heater, with input power up to 50 W. The device constant is 5.8954 ? 0.0025 W V-1; the time constant is 501.7 ? 3.2 s; the uncertainty is 0.6% at 2 W to 0.06% at 50 W. Nonlinearity of this calorimeter is analyzed. The calorimeter can be utilized for studies of kinetics and thermodynamics of physical, chemical and biological systems of decimeter-size. A Sony 26650 Li-ion rechargeable battery was tested with this device during charging and discharging, and an electrolytic cell with Pd-D2O was also tested with this device. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSconstructi.pdf | |||||
| 4617 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S. | 2009 | Characteristics of excess heat in DPd|D2O+D2SO4 electrolytic cells measured by electrolytic Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry (PowerPoint slides) | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Characteristics of excess heat in DPd|D2O+D2SO4 electrolytic cells measured by electrolytic Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry (PowerPoint slides) | Excess heat | Pre-electrolysis at the boiling point in open Pd|D2O cells is an effective method to activate a palladium cathode, which can produce excess power in subsequent electrolysis in closed systems for several months. The reproducibility is 23/45. Another characteristic of excess heat is the apparent resistance of electrolytic cell changes irreversibly with temperature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWScharacteri.pdf | ||||
| 4618 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S. | 2009 | Characteristics of excess heat in DPd|D2O+D2SO4 electrolytic cells measured by electrolytic Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Characteristics of excess heat in DPd|D2O+D2SO4 electrolytic cells measured by electrolytic Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry | Excess heat | 1. Introduction * What are key factors for reproducibility of excess heat? * (1) Temperature increment delta T * (2) Pre-electrolysis | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWScharacteria.pdf | ||||
| 4619 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S. | 2009 | Paradigm of Cold Fusion: A Perspective on Scientific Philosophy | Infinite Energy | Paradigm of Cold Fusion: A Perspective on Scientific Philosophy | review | Technical differences between cold fusion and hot fusion, and scientific distinctions between low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) and classical nuclear reactions, are presented. It is pointed out that LENR is realized through interactions of multi-scale coupling; it is characterized by nonlinearity, non-equilibrium and complexity. The techniques of cold fusion are small-scale, distributed and flexible. All of these characteristics are consistent with trends of contemporary science and technology, whereas hot fusion departs from these tendencies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSparadigmof.pdf | ||||||
| 4620 | Conference Proceedings | Zhang, W.-S. | 2009 | Characteristics of Excess Heat in Pd|D2O+D2SO4 Electrolytic Cells Measured by Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry | 15th International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | ENEA | Rome, Italy | Characteristics of Excess Heat in Pd|D2O+D2SO4 Electrolytic Cells Measured by Seebeck Envelope Calorimetry | Pre-electrolysis at the boiling point in open Pd|D2O cells is an effective method to activate a palladium cathode, which can produce excess power in subsequent electrolysis in closed systems for several months. The reproducibility is 23/45. Another characteristic of excess heat is the apparent resistance of electrolytic cell changes irreversibly with temperature. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ViolanteVproceeding.pdf#page=71 | |||||
| 4621 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S. | 2010 | Construction, calibration and testing of a decimeter-size heat-flow calorimeter | Thermochim. Acta | Construction, calibration and testing of a decimeter-size heat-flow calorimeter | Calorimeter, method | A Seebeck Envelope Calorimeter (SEC) was designed and built. The inner volume is 17.6 L. Its outer wall temperature was controlled within 0.01?. The device constant was 6 W/V and its time constant was 5 minutes. Dash-type cells were tested. Both an isoperibolic calorimeter and the SEC measured excess heat with the same Pd cathode of 25 ? 25 ? 0.3 mm3. The SEC showed excess heat ranging from 0.15 ? 0.02 to 0.41 ? 0.03 W (average value 0.22 W) at applied current of 3 to 3.5 A (0.24 to 0.28 A cm^-2). | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSconstructia.pdf | ||||||
| 4622 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S. | 2010 | Experimental studies on condensed matter nuclear science (in Chinese) | Science (Shanghai), Vol = 62, Num = 5, Page = 20-25 | Experimental studies on condensed matter nuclear science (in Chinese) | review | In Chinese. A review of results since 1989. The field, known as condensed matter nuclear science, has grown to encompass nuclear transmutations, nuclear reaction cross section increases, and other anomalies. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangWSexperiment.pdf | ||||||
| 4623 | Journal Article | Zhang, W.-S., Zhang, X.-W., Wang, D., Qin, J.-G., Fu, Y. | 2015 | Thermal Analysis of Explosions in an Open Palladium/Deuterium Electrolytic System | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | 116 Thermal Analysis of Explosions in an Open Palladium/Deuterium Electrolytic System | Cold fusion, CMNS, Explosion, Pd/D electrolytic system, Pd tube, LENR | An explosion occurred in an open Pd/D electrolytic system at a low current density of 62 mA cm-2. The average power was greater than 6.7 W (65 W cm-3 Pd or 430% of input power), and the incubation time was less than half an hour before the explosion. Thermal analysis indicates that the power of the explosion was 5.1?5.5 kW (or 50?53 kW cm-3 Pd), and the event developed in 2?17 s. It is concluded that this explosion was most probably caused by low energy nuclear reactions taking place in the Pd tube cathode rather than by chemical reactions. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedp.pdf#page=121 | ||||||
| 4624 | Personal Communication | Zhang, H. | 2016 | Test of Abnormal Heat in Hydrogen Loaded Metal (in Chinese) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | LENR-CANR.org | Personal Communication | Test of Abnormal Heat in Hydrogen Loaded Metal (in Chinese) | Excess heat, nickel | This report describes the experimental replication of the significant abnormal exothermic phenomenon observed with the Rossi E-CAT apparatus. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangHtestofabno.pdf | ||||
| 4625 | Personal Communication | Zhang, H. | 2016 | Test of Abnormal Heat in Hydrogen Loaded Metal (translation) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | LENR-CANR.org | Personal Communication | Test of Abnormal Heat in Hydrogen Loaded Metal (translation) | Excess heat, nickel | This report describes the experimental replication of the significant abnormal exothermic phenomenon observed with the Rossi E-CAT apparatus. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangHtestofabnoa.pdf | ||||
| 4626 | Personal Communication | Zhang, H. | 2019 | Reproduction of Professor Mizuno's Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | LENR-CANR.org | Personal Communication | Reproduction of Professor Mizuno's Experiment | A replication of Mizuno's excess results with palladium burnished onto a nickel mesh | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangHreproducti.pdf | |||||
| 4627 | Personal Communication | Zhang, H. | 2020 | Summary of abnormal heat release experiment of hydrogen flux vessel | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | LENR-CANR.org | Personal Communication Summary of abnormal heat release experiment of hydrogen flux vessel | hydrogen (deuterium) flux, inner container, abnormal thermal power | A container was designed based on the assumption that the abnormal exothermic phenomenon of hydrogen (deuterium) metal is related to the hydrogen flux inside the metal. The container consists of an inner container and an outer container, and the inner container is filled with deuterium or hydrogen. The outer container is evacuated, the inner container is heated, and abnormal heat generation is observed. Both hydrogen and deuterium gas produce excess heat power; deuterium produces more heat, lasting longer. When the inner container is filled with hydrogen a maximum of 5 watts of excess heat power is observed, lasting about 3 hours. When the inner container is filled with deuterium it produces higher power than hydrogen, with maximum excess heat power up to 13 watts, also lasting about 3 hours. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhangHsummaryofa.pdf | |||||
| 4628 | Conference Proceedings | Zhong, L. X. | 1993 | Searching for Truth With High Expectations- 5 Year Studies on Cold Fusion in China | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion, Vol = 4, Num = 4, Page = 32 | Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304 | Fourth International Conference on Cold Fusion | Dec. 6-9, 1993 | Searching for Truth With High Expectations- 5 Year Studies on Cold Fusion in China | review, ICCF-4 | |||||
| 4629 | Conference Proceedings | Zhou, X., Li, X. Z., Liu, B. | 2003 | Bethe's Calculation For Solar Energy And Selective Resonant Tunneling | Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion | LENR-CANR.org | Cambridge, MA | Aug. 24-29, 2003 | Bethe's Calculation For Solar Energy And Selective Resonant Tunneling | theory | The Selective Resonant tunneling model is compared with Bethe's early model for the solar energy calculation. They are similar in considering the resonance effect, the weak interaction, and the assumption for nuclear potential and the Coulomb barrier in order to obtain the correct result for the energy density in the sun. However, the selectivity of resonant tunneling is new in the present selective resonant model. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/ZhouXbethescalc.pdf | |||
| 4630 | Journal Article | Zhou, D., Wang, C., Sun, Y., Liang, J. B., Zhu, G., Forsley, L., Li, X. Z., Mosier-Boss, P. A., Gordon, F. | 2015 | Energetic Particles Generated in Earlier Pd + D Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | 33 Energetic Particles Generated in Earlier Pd + D Nuclear Reactions | CR-39 detectors, Energy distributions, LENR particles, LET method, LET spectra | Energy of low energy nuclear reactions (LENRs) is clean, cheap, sustainable and can solve all environmental problems. Linear Energy Transfer (LET) spectrum method using CR-39 detectors is the best method to investigate particles generated in LENRs. This paper introduces LET method and presents LET spectra and energy distributions for particles produced in Pd + D reactions obtained by re-analyzing the original data measured with CR-39 detectors by SPAWAR group using LET spectrum method. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedn.pdf#page=40 | ||||||
| 4631 | Journal Article | Zhu, S. B., Lee, J., Robinson, G. W. | 1989 | Kinetic energy imbalance in inhomogeneous materials | Chem. Phys. Lett., Vol = 161 | Kinetic energy imbalance in inhomogeneous materials | theory | ||||||||
| 4632 | Journal Article | Zhu, S. B., Lee, J., Robinson, G. W. | 1990 | Non-Maxwell velocity distributions in inhomogeneous materials | J. Fusion Energy, Vol = 9, Num = 4, Page = 465 | Non-Maxwell velocity distributions in inhomogeneous materials | theory | ||||||||
| 4633 | Journal Article | Zhu, S. B., Lee, J., Robinson, G. W. | 1990 | Nonlinear effects on thermonuclear reaction rates | Phys. Lett. A, Vol = 144 | Nonlinear effects on thermonuclear reaction rates | theory | ||||||||
| 4634 | Journal Article | Zhu, R., Wang, X., Lu, F., Ding, D., He, J., Liu, H., Jiang, J., Chen, G., Yuan, Y., Yang, L., Chen, Z., Menlove, H. O. | 1991 | Measurement of neutron burst production in thermal cycle of D2 absorbed titanium chips | Fusion Technol., Vol = 20 | Measurement of neutron burst production in thermal cycle of D2 absorbed titanium chips | titanium, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 4635 | Journal Article | Zhu, R., Wang, X., Lu, F., Luo, L., He, J., Ding, D., Menlove, H. O. | 1991 | Measurement of anomalous neutron from deuterium/solid system | Yuanzineng Kexue Jishu (Atomic Energy Science and Technology), Vol = 25 | Measurement of anomalous neutron from deuterium/solid system | titanium, D2, electrolysis, D2O, neutron | ||||||||
| 4636 | Journal Article | Zhu, S., Xiao, X., Lu, T., Chen, Q., Que, Z., Liu, J., Xie, H., Sha, R., Liu, F., Sun, H. | 1993 | An investigation of cold fusion | Nucl. Techniques (China), Vol = 16, Num = 8, Page = 475 (in Chinese) | An investigation of cold fusion | electrolysis, D2, neutron | ||||||||
| 4637 | Journal Article | Ziegler, J. F., Zabel, T. H., Cuomo, J. J., Brusic, V. A., Cargill, III, G. S., O'Sullivan, E. J., Marwick, A. D. | 1989 | Electrochemical Experiments in Cold Nuclear Fusion | Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol = 62, Num = 25, Page = 2929 | Electrochemical Experiments in Cold Nuclear Fusion | Pd, D2O, particle emission, layer, electrolysis, x-ray diffraction | ||||||||
| 4638 | Journal Article | Zimmermann, G. J. | 1976 | Internal Friction and Modulus Behaviour of Pd-H with H-Contents Up to n=0.9 | J. Less-Common Met., Vol = 49 | Internal Friction and Modulus Behaviour of Pd-H with H-Contents Up to n=0.9 | Pd, H, Internal Friction, loading, PdH | ||||||||
| 4639 | Journal Article | Zuppero, A., Dolan, T. J. | 2019 | Electron Quasi-particle Catalysis of Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | Electron Quasi-particle Catalysis of Nuclear Reactions | Electron catalysis, Electron scattering, Kinetic energy of confinement, Transmutation, Vibrationally promoted electron emission | Our model applies solid state, nuclear, and quantum mechanics principles to the molecular chemistry process. We show how most of our predicted transmutation products are consistent with experimental data from a wide variety of LENR experiments, and how they can be triggered. Chemical physics recently discovered a new type of chemical reaction that concentrated most of the energy of reactants into electrons that were originally trapped between reactants. The reaction leaves the reaction product molecule relatively cool. Considering the rules of solid state physics, we apply the pattern of these chemical reactions to nuclear reactions, referred to as ?attice Enabled Nuclear Reactions? (LENR, also called ?ow Energy Nuclear Reactions?). The predicted nuclear energy release also concentrates the energy in electrons, energized inside the nuclear product. The nuclear products are predicted to be 'cold', implying non-radioactive, ground state. In some cases the excitation energy of the compound nucleus is sufficient to fracture it into more isotopes that were not originally present. The total attraction energy (coulomb plus nuclear) can overcome the quantum kinetic energy repulsion of the squeezed electron quasi-particles (Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle) when the effective electron mass exceeds a threshold value. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=385 | ||||||
| 4640 | Journal Article | Zuppero, A., Dolan, T. J. | 2020 | Heavy Electron Catalysis of Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | Heavy Electron Catalysis of Nuclear Reactions | Band structure, Catalysis, Heavy electron, Muon, Transmutation, Tunneling | Our proposed three-body model attempts to understand the transmutations that have been observed in many experiments. The model combines several phenomena to derive the conditions where a binding potential energy and an electron?? Coulomb bond can combine to attract the ions together to form a new nucleus. We hypothesize that heavy electron quasiparticles are created by placing electrons near inflection points of a lattice band diagram and last about one collision time (~10 fs). They are placed near the inflection point by injection of phonons carrying crystal momentum, which last picoseconds, long enough to create many generations of transient heavy electron quasiparticles. We consider the interaction of two ions, such as a nickel nucleus and a proton, separated by a distance x with an electron of mass m trapped between them. The increase in energy needed to confine the electron (Kinetic Energy of Confinement, KEC) ? 1/(mx2) from the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle acts like a repulsive potential. | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzd.pdf#page=67 | ||||||
| 4641 | Journal Article | Zuqia, H. | 1989 | A possible explanation of the room temperature nuclear fusion | Beijing Shifan Daxue Xuebao. Ziran Kexueban, Vol = 2 | A possible explanation of the room temperature nuclear fusion | theory | ||||||||
| 4642 | Journal Article | Zywocinski, A., Li, H. L., Tuinman, A. A., Campbell, P., Chambers, J. Q., Van Hook, W. A. | 1991 | Analysis for light atoms produced in the bulk phase of a tubular palladium/ silver alloy cathode working electrode | J. Electroanal. Chem., Vol = 319 | Analysis for light atoms produced in the bulk phase of a tubular palladium/ silver alloy cathode working electrode | electrolysis, Pd-Ag helium tritium | ||||||||
| 4643 | Journal Article | Zywocinski, A., Li, H. L., Campbell, P., Chambers, J. Q., Van Hook, W. A. | 1992 | Calorimetric measurements during long-term electrolysis of some LiOD solutions | Thermochim. Acta, Vol = 197 | Calorimetric measurements during long-term electrolysis of some LiOD solutions | electrolysis, Pd, D2O, He, tritium, heat- | ||||||||
| 4644 | Conference Proceedings | Bostick, W. H. | 1958 | Experimental Study of Plasmoids | Electromagnetic Phenomena in Cosmical Physics, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 6. | Bo Lehnert. International Astronomical Union. Symposium no. 6, Cambridge University Press, p.87 | Cambridge University Press | See: https://www.plasma-universe.com/winston-h-bostick/, 'Plasmoids', Scientific American, Oct 1954 | plasmoids | https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958IAUS....6...87B/abstract | https://www.plasma-universe.com/winston-h-bostick-newspaper-clippings/ | ||||
| 4645 | Journal Article | Bostick, W.H. | 1958 | Observations of Explosions of High-Speed Plasma in a Magnetic Field. | Astrophysical Journal, vol. 127, p.237-237 | More data when we can access it. | |||||||||
| 4664 | Conference Proceedings | Sarg, S.S. | 2018 | Analysis of LENR and recommendations for Cold Fusion Energy Using the BSM-SG Atomic Models | MATERIAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, AMSTERDAM, 23-25 AUG 2018 | Sarggoychev, S.S. | Amserdam | 23-25 AUG 2018 | www.helical-structures.org | Revealing the underlined structure of elementary particles and the building trend of atomic nuclei, relying on experimental data from different fields | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Stoyan_Sargoytchev/publication/330736123_Analysis_of_LENR_and_recommendations_for_cold_fusion_energy_using_the_BSM-SG_atomic_models/links/5eb84bb8a6fdcc1f1dcb5487/Analysis-of-LENR-and-recommendations-for-cold-fusion-energy-using-the-BSM-SG-atomic-models.pdf | ||||
| 4647 | Journal Article | Parkhomov, A.G. | 2018 | Multeity of Nuclides Arising in the Process of Cold Nuclear Transmutations Involving Electrons | International Journal of Unconventional Science Issue E3, pp. 32-33, 2018 | Association of Unconventional Science, 2017 | Cold Neutrinos can play a significant role here. Implemented in nanosoft.co.nz | nucleons, electrons, neutrinos, transmutations | The calculation of possible changes in the elemental and isotopic composition of matter as a result of energetically favorable rearrangements of nucleons involving electrons and neutrinos has been made. 697082 of possible transformations were detected. | http://www.unconv-science.org/pdf/e3/parkhomov-en.pdf | |||||
| 4648 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss, P.A., Dea, J.A., Gordon, F.E., Forsley, L.G., Miles, M.H. | 2011 | Review of Twenty Years of LENR Research Using Pd/D Co-deposition | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. 4 (2011) 173–187 | Nuclear products, Pd/D co-deposition | In the Pd/D co-deposition process, working and counter electrodes are immersed in a solution of palladium chloride and lithium chloride in deuterated water. Palladium is then electrochemically reduced onto the surface of the working electrode in the presence of evolving deuterium gas. Electrodes prepared by Pd/D co-deposition exhibit highly expanded surfaces consisting of small spherical nodules. Because of this high surface area and electroplating in the presence of deuterium gas, the incubation time to achieve high D/Pd loadings necessary to initiate LENR is orders of magnitude less than required for bulk electrodes. Besides heat, the following nuclear emanations have been detected using Pd/D co-deposition: X-ray emission, tritium production, transmutation, and particle emission. Experimental details and results obtained over a twenty year period of research are discussed. | http://coldfusioncommunity.net/pdf/jcmns/v4/173_JCMNS-Vol4.pdf | |||||||
| 4650 | Journal Article | Gong-xuan, L., Zhang, W. | 2017 | Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Induced Transmutation of Potassium to Calcium via Low-energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR) Driven by Visible Light | Journal of Molecular Catalysis (China) 2017, Vol. 31 Issue (5): 401-410 | This work reported experimental evidences of stable potassium isotopes transmutation to calcium during photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in water mixture dispersion of dye (Eosin Y), potassium chloroplatinate (K2PtCl6), graphene oxide and triethanolamine (TEOA) driven by visible light. This reaction mixture can produce significant amount of hydrogen under irradiation of light with wavelength longer than 440 nm, meanwhile, partial potassium nuclei are continuously converted into calcium nuclei. The concentration increase of calcium element in the mixture dispersion is accompanied with the process of proton reduction (H2 evolution) and proton nuclear reaction which yields 3He and 4He. Those results indicate that some of calcium elements in nature might originate from potassium-calcium transmutation through low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) under very mild conditions, which might be related to the yield of negative hydrogen (H-) during photocatalytic hydrogen generation. | http://www.jmcchina.org/html/2017/5/20170501.htm | ||||||||
| 4651 | Journal Article | Grimshaw, T.W. | 2020 | Documenting Cold Fusion Research: Preserving a Vital Asset for Humankind | Infinite Energy Magazine issue 150 - March/April 2020 | Cold fusion (low energy nuclear reaction, LENR) was rejected by mainstream science within a year or so of its announcement in 1989. Despite the rejection, LENR continued to be investigated by many researchers worldwide. The LENR Research Documentation Initiative (LRDI) is underway to mitigate the loss of records of investigators who began their work shortly after the announcement and are now leaving the field. The LRDI began with a pilot project with Edmund Storms and now includes 15 participants. Projects typically include publications, unpublished reports, electronic and hardcopy files, lab descriptions and notebooks, publications by others (LENR library), and photos, recordings and other media. The records found in an LRDI project are supplemented with one or more rounds of recorded and transcribed interviews. Where possible, timelines of LENR research are prepared. Each project is documented with memos for each component followed by a report of the investigator’s research contributions. Preservation of these records for additional review and analysis as progress is made in the field may contribute to the realization of LENR and its energy benefits. The long-term prospects of humankind will be improved greatly with new sources of abundant, inexpensive and clean energy like LENR. | http://www.infinite-energy.com/iemagazine/issue150/GrimshawIE150.pdf | ||||||||
| 4652 | Journal Article | Frazier, C.L. | 2020 | The Passing of Indian Cold Fusion Researcher Mahadeva Srinivasan | Infinite Energy, Issue 153, September/October 2020 | Our friend and colleague Dr. Mahadeva Srinivasan passed away on August 31 at the age of 83. He was a consummate professional, a true gentleman and served as a real flag-bearer for the cold fusion field. He worked diligently over the years to get people to work together—researchers, countries, publishers with authors. Srinivasan was well-known as a proponent of cold fusion research in India, encompassing his own work as an experimental physicist. | http://infinite-energy.com/iemagazine/issue153/SrinivasanObitIE153.pdf | ||||||||
| 4653 | Magazine Article | Katinsky, S.B., Nagel, D.J. | 2015 | LENRIA, the New Industrial Association for Commercialization of LENR | Infinite Energy, Issue 123, September/October 2015 | LENR, Industrial Association, Commercialization | There are multiple signs that both the science and business of LENR are coming of age. On the scientific side, there are now three formal university programs for research on LENR, whose purpose is to seek to understand the origins of excess heat observed in thousands of LENR experiments. On the business side, some relatively new companies, funded by smart institutional investors or experienced angel investors, or both, and programs within larger well-established companies, are seeking to develop LENR systems to produce heat and electricity. These and other examples of the combined advancement of the scientific and business activities within the field represent a growing interest in the practical possibilities of LENR, and have moved us to found an international Industrial Association to serve the field. It is named LENRIA. | https://infinite-energy.com/images/pdfs/LENRIAInfiniteEnergy123.pdf | |||||||
| 4654 | Journal Article | Bjorkbom, P. | 2019 | EDS Analysis of unprepared Nickel mesh used for Mizuno type excess heat energy production LENR experiments | NEOFIRE Research Laboratory http://www.neofire.com 21 September 2019 | EDS, Nickel mesh, Mizuno | This is an Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of a type of Nickel mesh material used in the area of excess heat energy production experiments (LENR, Low Energy Nuclear Reactions). Work is a continuation of investigation of a sample that has been described by this investigator in a previous paper [3]. The sample being analysed is of a type used in excess heat reactor experiment described by T.Mizuno and J.Rothwell and the sample originates from the same batch (mesh roll) as used in Mizunos experiments that has been reported to yield excess heat. Sample material is unprepared meaning it is as received from the manufacturer of the mesh. | https://www.neofire.com/neofire-papers/EDS_Analysis_Mizuno_Mesh_Unprepared_Bjorkbom_Neofire_2019.pdf | |||||||
| 4655 | Conference Proceedings | Nagel, D. | 2012 | Overview of Theoretical and Experimental Progress in Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) | CERN Colloquium Geneva, March 22nd, 2012 | Celani, F. | CERN | Geneva | March 22nd, 2012 | Overview, Theoretical, Experimental | https://forums.parallax.com/discussion/download/92446/CERN220212_2203.pdf | ||||
| 4656 | Patent | Irwin, K.M. | 2019 | Nano-Engineered Materials for LENR | US Patent Office | nano-engineered, quasicrystals, tunneling, active sites, double wells, fusion | Nanoengineered materials are disclosed for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENRs). The nanoengineered materials include quasicrystals and quasicrystal approximants. The energy landscape of these materials is designed to increase a tunneling probability of atoms that participate in a fusion reaction. The nanoengineered materials are designed to have arrangements of atoms in which there are active sites in the material for LENR. The active sites may include networks of double wells designed into the material. In some examples, the design also limits the degrees of freedom for atoms in ways that increase a tunneling probability for tunneling of atoms into sites where fusion occurs. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US20190066852A1/en | |||||||
| 4657 | Journal Article | Vysotskii, V., Kornilova, A. | 2020 | Effective LENR and transmutation of stable and radioactive isotopes in growing biological systems | Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science 2020, Pages 205-231 | Elsevier | Low energy nuclear reactions in biological systems, Biotransmutation of isotopes, Deactivation of reactor waste, Microbial syntrophic associations, Coherent correlated states | The prehistory, present state, and prospects of LENR and transmutation of stable and radioactive isotopes in growing biological objects are considered in detail. The prerequisites, biological, and physical causes and methods for optimizing the process of isotope transmutation are discussed. Experiments on transmutation of various isotopes (including the production of rare stable isotopes and the deactivation of reactor radioactive waste) are also considered. It is shown that the most likely physical mechanism of LENR in biological systems is connected with the formation of coherent correlated states of interacting particles. This process is accompanied by giant energy fluctuations, which can exist for a long time, sufficient to produce nuclear reactions. This process happens automatically in nonstationary potential nano-wells, which are formed in various biophysical and biochemical processes in growing biological objects—for example, during cell division, at DNA replication, at the entrance to ion channels in plasma membranes, and in other places of growing objects. | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128159446000129 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815944-6.00012-9 | ||||||
| 4658 | Journal Article | Nagel, D., Katinsky, S.B. | 2018 | Overview of the 21st International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Infinite Energy, Issue 141, September/October 2018 | overview, Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | The subject of this review was initially called “cold fusion” when it was announced in 1989. It now goes by the name of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), although there are about 20 other names for the topic.1 Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (CMNS) is the more comprehensive name given to the field. The central empirical feature of LENR is the ability to release nuclear energies (MeV) with chemical energies (eV). That enables the achievement of high energy gains, defined as the ratio of thermal energy from an LENR system divided by the electrical or other energy needed for stimulation of LENR. Gains of over 25 have been measured in strong experiments. A gain of 800 was reported in one paper by a good scientist in Japan, but it has not been verified or repeated. | http://173.254.3.220/iemagazine/issue141/ICCF21.pdf | |||||||
| 4659 | Conference Proceedings | Miley, G.H. | 2017 | Study of LENR for Space Power | 15th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference | American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. | Atlanta | 10-12 July 2017 | LENR, Space Power, metal alloy nanoparticles, hydrogen, deuterium, ultra-high density, propulsion | https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2017-5035 https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-5035 | |||||
| 4660 | Conference Proceedings | Celani, F., Vassallo, G. Purchi, E. | 2020 | Stimulation of LENR-AHE by high power electric pulses on coiled coaxial Constantan wires at high voltage and temperature | Conference: Assisi Nel Vento 5 | ResearchGate researchgate.net | This short presentation introduces an experimental design for the enhancement of the anomalous thermal phenomena (AHE) observed since 2011 in Constantan3 wires exposed to a deuterium or hydrogen atmosphere, and heated by direct current. In fact, the occurrence of AHE requires specific conditions such as deuterium/protium absorption in the wire, sufficiently high temperature, as well as presence of strong non-equilibrium conditions such as those induced by thermal gradients, variations of pressure, and electric/magnetic fields. Previous experiments provided a strong evidence for the role of a flux of active species through the wire or at the wire surface. Though various techniques to induce a flux were tested before, and have been instrumental for a phenomenological understanding of AHE occurrence, they could not provide a solution for a sustained and exploitable energy production. | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347706575_Stimulation_of_LENR-AHE_by_high_power_electric_pulses_on_coiled_coaxial_Constantan_wires_at_high_voltage_and_temperature | |||||||
| 4661 | All | Frazier, C.L. | 2019 | Celebrating 30 Years of Cold Fusion Science: The 2019 CF/LANR Colloquium at MIT | Infinite Energy, Issue 145, May/June 2019 | Steven Krivit | Massachusetts | overview, CF/LANR, MIT | Dr. Mitchell Swartz, Gayle Verner and their team at JET Energy, in collaboration with Dr. Peter Hagelstein of the Research Laboratory for Electronics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), organized yet another successful Cold Fusion/Lattice Assisted Nuclear Reactions Colloquium at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The meeting was co-sponsored by JET Energy and the Anthropocene Institute. | https://www.infinite-energy.com/iemagazine/issue145/MITColloq2019.pdf | |||||
| 4662 | Journal Article | Parkhomov, A.G. | 2019 | Weak Interactions as Essence of LENR | International Journal of Unconventional Science Issue E4, pp. 3-5, 2019 | Association of Unconventional Science | neutrinos, antineutrinos, de Broglie, weak interactions, nuclear transformations, LENR | Low mass of neutrinos (antineutrinos) makes possible their intensive generation as a result of matter particles collisions during thermal motion. Arising neutrinos (antineutrinos) have energy of about 0.1 eV. With such energy, de Broglie length is about 5 microns. It means that a huge number of atoms are involved in weak nuclear interactions, which makes the effects of nuclear transformations with the participation of neutrinos (antineutrinos) really observable. Consideration of thermal generation of neutrinos as the basis of nuclear transformations in the LENR process allows us to explain a number of features of this phenomenon. | http://www.unconv-science.org/pdf/e4/parkhomov1-en.pdf | ||||||
| 4663 | Journal Article | Parkhomov, A.G. | 2019 | LENR as a manifestation of weak nuclear interactions | Rough translation by Bob Greenyer | The small neutrino (antineutrino) mass makes it possible to generate them intensively as a result of collisions of particles of matter during thermal motion. The resulting neutrinos (antineutrinos) have an energy of about 0.1 eV. With such an energy, the De Broglie wavelength is about 5 microns. This means that a huge number of atoms are involved in nuclear weak interactions, which makes the effects of nuclear transformations involving neutrinos (anti-neutrinos) really observable. Considering the thermal generation of neutrinos as the basis for nuclear transformations in the LENR process allows us to explain a number of features of this phenomenon. | http://www.teslasociety.ch/info/ne/4.pdf | ||||||||
| 4665 | Journal Article | Graham, T. | 1868 | On the Occlusion of Hydrogen Gas by Metals | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London , 1867 - 1868, Vol. 16 (1867 - 1868), pp. 422-427 | The Royal Society | London | An absolute classic by Thomas Graham, F.R.S., Master of the Mint, which shows just how far back some of the clues to LENR were already appearing | occlusion, absorption, Hydrogen, Palladium | In my experiments, already published, on the occlusion of hydrogen by the metals palladium, platinum, and iron, the absorption of the gas was observed to be of uncertain occurrence at low temperatures, but was ensured by heating the metal, whether in the form of sponge or aggregated by hammering, and allowing it to cool slowly and completely in a hydrogen atmosphere. This fact was referred to the condition of absolute purity of the metallic surface being essential to the first absorbing action, as it is to the action of platinum-foil or wire in determining the combustion of the gaseous mixture of oxygen and hydrogen, as observed by Faraday. A new method of charging the metals with hydrogen at low temperatures has lately presented itself, which is not without interest. When a plate of zinc is placed in dilute sulphuric acid, hydrogen is freely evolved from the surface of the metal, but no hydrogen is occluded and retained at the same time. A negative result was indeed to be expected from the crystalline structure of zinc. But a thin plate of palladium immersed in the same acid, and brought into metallic contact with the zinc, soon becomes largely charged with the hydrogen, which is then transferred to its surface. The charge taken up in an hour by a palladium plate, rather thick, at 12 degrees amounted to 173 times its volume | https://www.jstor.org/stable/112545 | ||||
| 4666 | Journal Article | Parkhomov, A.G., Zhigalov, V.A., Zabavin, S.N., Sobolev, A.G., Timerbulatov, T.R. | 2019 | Nickel-Hydrogen heat generator, continuously working for 7 months | Journal of Unconventional Science | Association of Unconventional Science, 18-Feb-2019 | Moscow | Rough translation by Bob Greenyer. Bob presented this paper on Dr Parkhomov's Behalf at ICCF22 at Assisi on 9-Sep-2019 see: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xlRvDT94XTw | Nickel-Hydrogen, heat generation | A nickel-hydrogen heat generator was created that continuously worked for 225 days with a heat dissipation power exceeding the consumed electricity from 200 to 1000 W (thermal coefficient 1.6 - 3.6). Completion of the work is connected with the exhaustion of fuel energy resource. Total excess energy generation of about 4100 MJ. The fuel used in the heat generator is hydrogen-saturated nickel powder weighing 1.2 g. Energy release per 1 nickel atom 2.1 MeV. Changes in the elemental and isotopic composition of fuel and structural materials are analyzed. | https://nlslash.nl/parkhomov2e2s.pdf | ||||
| 4667 | Journal Article | Mung, B.,Q., He, M., Wu, S.Y. Zhao, Q.Z., Wang, X.M., Pang, Y.J., Yang, X.L., Jiang, S.S. | 2021 | Anomalous heat production in hydrogen-loaded metals: Possible nuclear reactions occurring at normal temperature | China Institute of Atomic Energy | Translated to English by Bob Higgins of Accuiti Science & Engineering | Excess heat, Ni-H heat generation,Low energy nuclear reaction | This paper reports results of anomalous heat generation in hydrogen-loaded metals at a temperature below 1300°C. The heat was produced in the fuel sample (mixture of nickel powder and LiAlH4), which was added to a nickel cell, and then the cell was placed in a sealed stainless-steel chamber. Results of two runs are demonstrated. Excess heat lasted for seven days in the first run. The first run maximum excess heat power was greater than 450W and the excess heat energy was evaluated to be 78 MJ for the first 72 hours.In the second run, excess heat lasted for 120 minutes after external heating was turned off, andthe maximum excess heat power was 450W. The self-sustaining effect can be observed clearly when power was off in the second run. The maximum heat energy from possible chemical reaction was estimated to be 26 kJ, a value much smaller than the excess heat energy. Therefore, excess heat could not originate from any chemical reactions and it might originate from a nuclear reactions. | https://brillouinenergy.com/newwebsite/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/AnomalousHeat_Jiang_2015_English.pdf | ||||||
| 4668 | Conference Proceedings | Hussein, A.A., Al-agealy, H.J.M. Majeed, R.H. | 2020 | Theoretical Study and calculation The cold Reaction Rate of Deuteron Fusion In Nickel Metal Using Bose–Einstein Condensate Theory | IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 871 | IOP Science | Deuteron, Fusion, Nickel, Bose-Einstein Condensate, Theory | In this paper, we focused on the investigated and studied the cold fusion reaction rate for D-D using the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation and depending on the quantum mechanics consideration. The quantum theory was based on the concept of single conventional of deuterons in Nickel-metal due to Bose-Einstein condensation, it has supplied a consistent description and explained of the experimental data. The analysis theory model has capable of explaining the physical behaviour of deuteron induced nuclear reactions in Nickel metals upon the five-star matter, it's the most expected for a quantitative predicted of the physical theory. Based on the Bose-Einstein condensation theorem formulation, we calculation the cold fusion reaction rate for D-D transfer to Nickel-metal using the astrophysical S factors (S = 110KeV — barn) for d(d,p)T, d(d, n)3He reactions and (S = 110 × 10^6 and S = 110 × 10^13KeV — barn) for D + D × 4He + 23.8MeV reaction. The results of the calculation for three reactions give rise a wide compatible with the other experimental works. | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/871/1/012085/pdf | ||||||
| 4669 | Book | Srinivasan, M., Rajeev, K.P. | 2020 | Transmutations and isotopic shifts in LENR experiments | Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science 2020, Pages 233-262 | Elsevier | Transmutation reactions Isotopic anomalies Multideuteron capture reactions | This chapter presents a brief summary of experimental observations of products of transmutation reactions which occur in a variety of low energy nuclear reaction (LENR) configurations resulting in the formation of new elements or isotopes not present prior to the experimental run. | https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815944-6.00013-0 | ||||||
| 4670 | Journal Article | Galushkin, N.E., Yazvinskaya, N.N., Galushkin, D.N. | 2020 | Mechanism of thermal runaway as a cause of Fleischmann-Pons effect | Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Volume 882, 1 August 2020, 114237 | Elsevier | 1 August 2020 | Thermal runaway, Fleischmann-Pons, Deuterium accumulation, Deuteride, Hydride, Battery | Starting from papers by Fleischmann and Pons, many investigators have found the excess power effect during a heavy water electrolysis. They connected this effect with the deuterons “cold fusion”. A significantly larger number of investigators did not have found this effect, so they do not agree with the proposed explanation and consider the results of Fleischmann and Pons being a mistake or an instrumental artifact. In this paper experimentally proved that the Fleischmann-Pons effect (of burst type) is caused by an exothermic reaction of a recombination of the atomic deuterium accumulated in electrodes during electrolysis of the electrolyte. This reaction is similar to the reaction of thermal runaway in electrochemical batteries with aqueous electrolyte. Thus experimentally proved that the Fleischmann-Pons effect is not associated with cold fusion of deuterium nuclei. While the Fleischmann-Pons effect (of the weak type) is due to a partial recombination of the deuterium and the oxygen, i.e. in this case the excess power is apparent or imaginary. It is shown that the established mechanism of Fleischmann-Pons effect explains all the currently known experimental facts. The recommendations are given allowing a reproduction of this effect without a failure. | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114237 | |||||
| 4671 | Online Database | Britz, D. | 2003 | The LENR-CANR Database | Librarian: Jed Rothwell • 3625 Woodstream Circle, Brookhaven, GA 30319 • Skype: 678-436-3035 JedRothwell at-sign gmail.com | 2003-2021 | LENR, CANR, database, library, papers, experiments, conferences, special collections | This site features a library of papers on LENR, Low Energy Nuclear Reactions, also known as Cold Fusion. (CANR, Chemically Assisted Nuclear Reactions is another term for this phenomenon.) The library includes more than 1,900 original scientific papers reprinted with permission from the authors and publishers. The papers are linked to a bibliography of over 4,500 journal papers, news articles and books about LENR. Here is a shortcut to this website: LENR.org | https://lenr-canr.org/ | ||||||
| 4672 | Website of Interest | Acland F. | 2011 | E-Cat World | Acland F. | Acland F. | A very popular and frequented site, not just by E-Cat followers but by LENR followers in the wider context | E-Cat, Rossi, LENR | This site is for news, information and discussion about advanced energy technology, currently focusing on the Energy Catalyzer (E-Cat) invention of Andrea Rossi, and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) in general — but also looking at other technologies and related topics. | https://e-catworld.com/ | |||||
| 4673 | Website of Interest | Alan Smith | 2011 | LENR Forum | Alan Smith | As the name implies, an on-line forum for views on LENR and all related topics. | LENR, Forum | As the name implies, an on-line forum for views on LENR and all related topics. At any one time, there are many active threads being used | https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/ | ||||||
| 4674 | Website of Interest | Mallove, E. | 2002 | Infinite Energy | Infinite Energy | Founding Editor: Eugene Mallove (1947-2004) | The New Energy Foundation | The on-line version of the magazine of the New Energy Foundation. Contains many articles and resources. | new energy, new science, new physics, research, theory, experimentation, LENR | The New Energy Foundation was formed to: act as a catalyst for advancing and disseminating knowledge and understanding of all facets of new energy, new science and new physics; promote a proactive exchange of ideas and promulgate advances in research; support research, theory and experimentation in the new energy field via assessments, guidance, publicity and grants. INFINITE ENERGY is the bi-monthly magazine of the New Energy Foundation. It is a technical magazine with outreach to the general public, providing material of interest to all people. It includes highly technical papers, patents, and non-technical articles on new energy and new science, as well as news on developments in the field, and the social, political, and economic implications of these changes. To maintain the highest editorial standards, Infinite Energy is written and edited by scientists, engineers, and expert journalists. | http://www.infinite-energy.com/ | ||||
| 4675 | Website of Interest | Krivit, S. | 2002 | New Energy Times | New Energy Times LENR News Site | Steven Krivit | Steven Krivit takes aim at many pet theories and ideas both about LENR but also Hot Fusion, notably including the ITER project. | LENR, Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions, Widom-Larsen | The New Energy Times LENR Reference Site comprises the most comprehensive collection of LENR resources, including basic information, scientific references, investigation reports, historical references, and archives. New Energy Times also maintains a separate LENR News Site. Founded in 2000, the New Energy Times LENR News Site is the leading source of original, independent news and investigations about low-energy nuclear reactions. | http://newenergytimes.com/ | |||||
| 4676 | Website of Interest | Mills, R. | 2016 | Brilliant Light Power | Randall Mills | Plasma, Hydrogen, Hydrino, SunCell, Concentrator Photovoltaic Cells, Grand Unified Theory-Classical Physics | Brilliant Light Power has developed a new commercially competitive, non-polluting, plasma-based primary source of massive power from the conversion of hydrogen atoms of water molecules to dark matter, the previously unidentified matter that makes up most of the mass of the universe. The SunCell® that was invented to harness the new power source catalytically converts hydrogen directly into dark matter form called Hydrino® releasing brilliant high-energy light which is down-converted in energy to facilitate the production of electricity using commercially-available concentrator photovoltaic cells. | https://brilliantlightpower.com/ | |||||||
| 4677 | Report | 2009 | Exotic Vacuum Objects (EVOs) based on the original discoveries of Ken Shoulders | A collection of references about EVOs | EVO, EV, Charge Cluster, zero point energy | An EVO (exotic vacuum object) is just another name in a long line of names for a new electronic effect. In the past, it has been called an EV (Electromagnetic Vortex or Electrum Validum for strong electron), charge cluster (this could be just a piece of dirt with no net charge) and CCT for charge cluster technology. Whatever it is called, the effect can best be characterized by how it is measured using instruments capable of interpenetration in terms of somewhat similar phenomenon. The nearest class of instruments with useful capabilities is those used for measuring the properties of electrons and ions. Using these, we will assemble a series of observations characterizing the observable entity properties that are most pertinent to new energy and propulsion uses. Use of contemporary buzzwords like zero point energy, space energy or ether and other areas of mystery will be avoided here as they might falsely bias judgment of the true events being measured. It will not even be assumed that the entity being interrogated is an assembly of electrons, even though electrons were put in during formation and an equivalent number of electrons were output at the time of dishevelment. This writing is thus an attempt to analyze the actions and basic characteristics of the entity while being as free as possible of preconceived notions about its structure. This aim is heavily biased toward the entities use instead of its name or theory of operation... | http://oriharu.net/evo/ | ||||||||
| 4678 | Journal Article | Jaehnig, K.G., Roberts, J. | 2016 | The Frontiersman In Silicon Valley’s renegade days, a hardheaded Texan chased dreams of a flying car. | Interesting Background to Ken Shoulders | EVO, | Ken Shoulders' son Steve recalls his father's work | https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/the-frontiersman | |||||||
| 4679 | Journal Article | Director | 2020 | An Open Secret - The Scalable, Ubiquitous EVO at the Core of SAFIRE, the E-Cat SKL, the Suncell, Brown's Gas, and Virtually Every Exotic Energy Technology. | LENR Forum | EVO, SAFIRE, E-Cat SKL, The Suncell, Brown's Gas, Exotic Energy | God, the creator of the universe, established the laws of the universe that govern not only the interaction of planets and stars but the processes that occur within atoms and the structure of the vacuum itself. With these rules or the "code" of reality entered, nature commenced. Those who are careful observers will not that many of the most important breakthroughs in a broad array of fields come from mimicking natural processes - whether biological or physical. Many life saving drugs are chemically altered forms of molecules found in plants, for example. Yet in in mankind's attempt to harness the power of the atom via nuclear fusion, all sorts of artificially imposed schemes have been attempted to produce and maintain the conditions scientists believe are essential. But the simplest route to an energy panacea has been largely ignored except by a minority of exceptional open minded theoreticians and experimentalists - learning to create man made, artificial ball lighting. Yet true breakthroughs are taking place as we speak due to a number of different technologies being developed that utilize macro-scale variants of Kenneth R. Shoulders' EVOs (Exotic Vacuum Objects) as their driving mechanism. Although these self-organizing plasma structures which form during out of equilibrium conditions (such as the negative resistance regime of a plasma discharge) can induce a wide array of phenomena - altering hydrogen into different forms, inducing exothermic nuclear reactions, and extracting energy from the zero point energy field - they are all the same phenomena despite being utilized in different devices. Once this is recognized, progress towards a future with infinite possibilities can be accelerated. | https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/6220-an-open-secret-the-scalable-ubiquitous-evo-at-the-core-of-safire-the-e-cat-skl-t/ | |||||||
| 4680 | Website of Interest | Childs, M. | 2020 | The SAFIRE Project | Aureon Energy Ltd | IMAGINE IF WE COULD TAP DIRECTLY INTO THE SUN FOR ENERGY SAFIRE can create, control, contain, sustain, and repeat-at-will any number of plasma regimes. No other technology in the world can do this. Seven years of empirical testing has resulted in a unique patented stable spherical "SAFIRE" plasma reactor. AUREON ENERGY LTD. will commercialize the SAFIRE technology into three key markets: > clean energy production > heating > remediation of nuclear waste Each market in itself represents a trillion dollar industry over the next ten years. AUREON ENERGY is currently engaging investors to commercialize the technology. | Electric Sun Model, transmutation, nuclear waste remediation | Funded by the International Science Foundation, The SAFIRE PROJECT was created to test the Electric Sun model, which proposes that electricity plays a major role in the creation and functioning of the atmospheres of stars and our sun. The model offers a key premise and makes a number of predictions. Using this premise the SAFIRE team designed and built a proof-of-concept bell-jar reactor and then a larger 44,000 part reactor. Both reactors were fired up and running as predicted within minutes of construction completion. Many experiments were run. The model was thoroughly tested and revealed itself to be both viable and powerful. Everything predicted proved accurate. Even the numerous unexpected discoveries fit the model. | https://aureon.ca/ | https://www.safireproject.com/ | |||||
| 4681 | Website of Interest | Greenyer, R.W. | 2011 | Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project | Greenyer, R.W. | The Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project is a group dedicated to researching Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (often referred to as LENR) while sharing all procedures, data, and results openly online. We rely on comments from online contributors to aid us in developing our experiments and contemplating the results. We invite everyone to participate in our discussions, which take place in the comments of our experiment posts. | http://www.quantumheat.org/index.php/en/ | ||||||||
| 4682 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2019 | ICCF22 - Parkhomov 225 Day reactor - Bob Greenyer - Italy 2019 | YouTube | Parkhomov, synthesised elements, Magic Sound Lab | Bob Greenyer goes over Parkhomov's published paper relating to his 225 day reactor as well as MFMP analysis of part of this reactor performed at Magic Sound Labs where interesting ash morphologies and apparently synthesised elements were found. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7p8Y26d5gk0 | |||||||
| 4683 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | ICCF22 poster session - Bob Greenyer | YouTube | Fermionic Nucleus Isotopes, 61Ni, 207Pb, Parkhomov Reaction Tables, ICCF22 | MFMP volunteer Bob Greenyer runs through some aspects of his ICCF-22 Posters during the poster session. Errata: Bob initially refers to the huge increase in the fermionic nucleus isotopes of 61Ni and 207Pb as bosonic before correcting. Bob says integer charge when saying what constitutes a bosonic nucleus when he meant to say integer spin. Practical application of the Parkhomov reaction calculator system conceived by Bob Greenyer and developed by Philip Power using Parkhomov supplied and public data is used. A discussion of how Parkhomov theory may help explain the empirical observation is included. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kznnhIpyNb4 | |||||||
| 4684 | Video | Greenyer, R.W., Coulthart, J.R. | 2021 | James Ross Coulthart interviews Bob Greenyer - First 30m | YouTube | UFO, plasmoids, Bostick, Hutchison | Multi-award winning Australian Journalist and author is researching for a new book he is writing about Unidentified Flying Objects and Anti-Gravity. https://www.rosscoulthart.com The full uncut and uncensored 2 hour 20m interview can be listened to here: https://remoteview.substack.com/p/dont-miss-this | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rsHAd9GzLU | https://e-catworld.com/2021/01/18/video-james-ross-coulthart-interviews-bob-greenyer-on-ufo-related-phenomena/ | ||||||
| 4685 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Explaining Mizuno R20 and optimisations in relation to Parkhomov’s latest reactor designs | YouTube | Cold Fusion Experiments with Ordinary Water and Thin Nickel Foil Takaaki Matsumoto (1993) Cold Fusion Experiments with Ordinary Water and Thin Nickel Foil, Fusion Technology, 24:3, 296-306, DOI: 10.13182/FST93-A30205 NOTE: The only thing common with Matsumoto and Ohmasa experiments is light water. sci-hub.tw/10.13182/fst93-a30205 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKUEPI_lNTg | ||||||||
| 4686 | Video | Greenyer, R.W., Higby, P. | 2016 | LENR: Fanning the New Fire by Bob Greenyer | YouTube | The Energy 2.0 Society presents a webinar with Bob Greenyer. Bob discusses developments in LENR (Low Energy Nuclear Reactions) and the use of nickel in E-Cat reactors. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ii4hIxqAO64 | ||||||||
| 4687 | Video | Mills, R. | 2021 | DC SunCell Demonstration | YouTube | Towards the end of the video, Mills turns the time over to Mark Nansteel who provides some information about the performance of the SunCell based on calorimetry tests he has carried out. He states he has carried out multiple tests with the SunCell, measuring electrical energy input into the system, and the thermal energy released into the water bath. From his concluding remarks: “In summary [for a five minute test], you put in 8000 kJ of electrical energy to run the process, and you get back 25,000 kJ of thermal energy. 25,000 minus 8,000 is 17,000 kJ difference so that’s the energy of the plasma reaction.” | Brilliant Light Power produces 100,000W of continuous steam power at the Homer building in Washington DC. This is the historical first of commercial scale Hydrino power contributing to heating of an office building in the Nation’s Capital. | https://e-catworld.com/2021/02/05/video-brilliant-light-power-washington-dc-presentation/ | |||||||
| 4688 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2019 | Titanium Disintegrates When Heated with Ohmasa Gas - Bob Greenyer of MFMP (6-13-2019) | YouTube | Bob Greenyer attempts to burn a hole in teflon with Ohmasa gas, which proves very difficult. After not being satisfied that the hole produced was due to high heat, he attempts to heat a piece of titanium with Ohmasa gas until glowing to cut a slit in the teflon with the glowing titanium. He not only finds that he cannot make a significant cut into the teflon but the titanium actually develops a hole on the heated edge which touched it. Bob thinks that this reaction was due to the introduction of carbon from the teflon to the titanium after exposure to Ohmasa gas. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3q0EwWYALD0 | ||||||||
| 4689 | Video | Gornoski, D., Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | A Conversation with Bob Greenyer on Cold Fusion, LENR - David Gornoski | YouTube | David Gornoski, the host of A Neighbor's Choice, sits down with Bob Greenyer, engineer and researcher in the field of LENR (low-energy nuclear reactions). The two discuss the work of Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons, the start of the Martin Fleischmann memorial project, the various experiments in the field of cold fusion and their fascinating results, the theory of dipolar magnetic particles, and more. Listen to the full podcast to hear about the revolutionary breakthroughs in the world of fusion energy despite the artificial dark age imposed on us by regulatory powers. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYAKRlYv6nA | A Neighbor's Choice website is https://www.aneighborschoice.com | |||||||
| 4690 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Proposed, simplified 3 level EVO Building Block - using Hutchison sample measurements | YouTube | Feb 18, 2020 | Nardi, Bostick, EVO, Exotic Vacuum Object | In this video, using the 1980 published work of Nardi and Bostick and measurements taken from witness marks on MFMP Hutchison sample 4 - 'Fracture' - Bob Greenyer models a proposed simplified basic Exotic Vacuum Object Building (EVO) block. Previous video in this series https://youtu.be/9pw-BlrsvN0 Bostick/Nardi - Internal structure of electron-beam filaments sci-hub.tw/10.1103/PhysRevA.22.2211 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yw15QYXqva8 | ||||||
| 4691 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | MFMP Hutchison Effect Sample 'Fracture' - EVO Witness Marks | YouTube | Bostick - Plasmoids sci-hub.tw/10.1038/scientificamerican1057-87 Bostick/Nardi - Internal structure of electron-beam filaments sci-hub.tw/10.1103/PhysRevA.22.2211 | EVO, Hutchison, Nardi, Bostick, Shoulders, Matsumoto, Fracture | A range of EVO strike marks in unprecedented detail were found on MFMP ‘Fracture’ Hutchison Sample 4 at the classic sizes observed by Nardi/Bostick, Shoulders, Matsumoto and other authors.Seek & Share | | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pw-BlrsvN0%E2%80%8B&feature=youtu.be | ||||||
| 4692 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Vega - Disappearing nickel | Remote View | Nickel Foil, spiral anode, Hydrogen, transmutation, Nanosoft, Hutchison, Bostick, LENR, reaction calculator, self organised plasma, spheroid, HENK | Live session on YouTube by Bob Greenyer - a review of Bob’s thinking about experiments done by Henk in which nickel foil was cut into a strip and formed into a spiral anode. A low pressure atmosphere hydrogen and residual air it seemed like the nickel 'disappeared' apparently via a plasmoid that formed on the foil. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/vega-disappearing-nickel | https://e-catworld.com/2021/01/01/bob-greenyer-video-vega-tungsten-evos/ | ||||||
| 4694 | Website of Interest | Hutchison, J. | 2006 | Hutchison Effect | Well worth a long visit | high voltage, Nikola Tesla, Philadelphia Experiment, Tesla Coils, levitation, anti-gravity, zero point energy, vanishing metal | John Hutchison is one of the foremost Nikola Tesla experts alive today. He has replicate many of Nikola Tesla's works over the years, including the Death Ray, and a smaller Philadelphia Experiment. When John's Tesla coils, electrostatic generator, and other equipment created a complex electromagnetic field, heavy pieces of metal levitated and shot toward the ceiling, and some pieces shredded. Upon analysis and thorough investigation, the Canadian government dubbed this phenomenon the Hutchison-Effect. What is the Hutchison Effect? As with much of the new-energy field, no one can say for sure. Some theorists think the effect is the result of opposing electromagnetic fields cancelling each other out, creating a powerful flow of space energy. The Canadian government also reported invisible samples phasing in and out of existence. A Vancouver businessman, George Hathaway, heard about the Hutchison Effect in 1980, contacted Hutchison, and brought in a consulting engineer from Boeing Aerospace, and the Canadian government to form a company that would promote technology developed from the effect. They called this company Pharos' Technology. | https://www.hutchisoneffect.com/ | |||||||
| 4695 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Making Tungsten Disappear | YouTube | Tungsten, SAFIRE, Puthoff, Argon Arc, LION quartz, Hutchison steel, Hudson, Shoulders, EV, EVO | What would happen if you could remove ALL of the electrons from Tungsten atoms? The crumbly effect described here, happened in ECCO fuel exposed plastics, LION quartz, Hutchison steel and other samples, the fat, replacement SAFIRE Langmuir probe, David Hudson's experience and more. It is all caused by the same thing. This is a repeatable affect observed by multiple authors over at least 40 years and is therefore, de-facto actual science. Disappearing Tungsten Electrode - SAFIRE Project https://youtu.be/DeVdzSjPx0g?t=2073 Disappearing Tungsten Electrode - David Hudson, Pre 1995 Washington November 13, 1995 https://youtu.be/eSjGmrRBgt4?t=6211 Hal Puthoff is and advisor to SAFIRE… and worked with David Hudson, as you will see in the full video Tungsten in Argon arc furnaces Single https://youtu.be/bH8kkxZqzhE Triple https://youtu.be/mtxlIp52L9Y Ken Shoulders http://www.svn.net/krscfs/Permittivity Transitions.pdf “Dissolution of Matter: When an EV passes through material, particularly refractory dielectrics and semiconductors, nothing escapes major modification. Many of these affects are shown in (2). Once the EV has dishevelled the electronic structure of the material it traverses, there is no ability to return to the original molecular or structural state. It is most likely that the material undergoing modification has entered the region of low permittivity. When it does return, it emits light, has an electrified look and spreads on surfaces with a very low viscosity although it is so cold it will not melt wax or harm photographic emulsion.” | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwbCDSkRwvs | |||||||
| 4696 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Making Coherent Matter Wave Beams and Their Capabilities | YouTube | Coherent Matter Wave Beam | A technology made possible by science proposed and developed from the 1950s by both cold war sides now is codified in an awarded and valid US patent. Bob Greenyer reviews and discusses it. Link to de-classified "The Bohm-Aharonov Effect" CIA document https://drive.google.com/file/d/14RU7QSptJZfyZsu_q6_v0yW6n6AX3bz0/view Main reference: SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR GENERATING COHERENT MATTERWAVE BEAMS Patent No.: US9,502.202B2 Lockheed Martin Corporation Filed: Dec. 28, 2011 Link to Bob Greenyer's newsletter and podcast: RemoteView.icu | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nA5XFkF3U2A | https://e-catworld.com/2020/11/22/making-coherent-matter-wave-beams-and-their-capabilities-new-bob-greenyer-video/ | ||||||
| 4697 | Journal Article | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | "Making Coherent Matter Wave Beams and their Capabilities” (New Bob Greenyer Video) | Acland, F. | E-Cat Wrold | A technology made possible by science proposed and developed from the 1950s by both cold war sides now is codified in an awarded and valid US patent. When you have seen this presentation, you will have a new perspective on the E-CAT SKL, EVOs, Hutchison Effect and more. | https://e-catworld.com/2020/11/22/making-coherent-matter-wave-beams-and-their-capabilities-new-bob-greenyer-video/ | |||||||
| 4698 | Patent | Arman, M.J., Chase, C. | 2016 | Systems and Methods for Generating Coherent Matterwave Beams | US Patent Office Patent No.: US 9,502.202 B2 | US Patent Office | Nov. 22, 2016 | Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation | Systems and methods for generating a coherent matterwave beam are provided. In some aspects, a system includes a plurality of beam generating units. Each of the plurality of beam generating units is configured to generate a stream of charged particles. The system also includes a magnetic field generator configured to expose the plurality of streams to a magnetic field Such that (i) the charged particles of the plurality of streams undergo phase synchronization with one another in response to a vector potential associated with the magnetic field and (ii) the plurality of streams is directed along one or more channels to combine with one another and produce a coherent matterwave beam. | https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/03/ce/8b/79a466f75c7f39/US9502202.pdf | |||||
| 4699 | Report | Bearden, T.E. | 1984 | Star Wars Now! The Bohm-Aharonov Effect, Scalar Interferometry, and Soviet Weaponization | CIA: Approved for Release 2003/09/09 | Sep 9, 2003 | The Bohm-Aharonov Effect shows that, even in the absence of electrical and magnetic fields, the potentials case real effects to occur in the field-free regions. Using this principle, beams of pure potential without vector force fields (without E and H fields) may be deliberately produced and intersected at a distance to cause effects in the interference zone, in contradiction to classical mechanics. Essentially, energy may be produced directly at the distant interference site or extracted from it, without energy transmission through space. Implications for weapons built on these concepts are given, and several types of such scalar electromagnetics weapons are discussed. The use of "cold explosion" is detailed and evidence of its extensive testing is given. The basic mechanism for Soviet weather control over North America is briefly presented and a more extensive reference given. Evidence of massive Soviet weaponization of these effects for nearly three decades and of Soviet scalar electromagnetics weapons testing on a global scale exists in the open literature, Selected examples and related information are given in the Appendix | https://drive.google.com/file/d/14RU7QSptJZfyZsu_q6_v0yW6n6AX3bz0/view | |||||||
| 4700 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | It's the only way to be sure: Set in Stone | Remote View | 7th January 2021 | (Bob Comments:) I cannot, in good conscience, continue to gift my labour to organisations where the product of that labour is profited off and is at the mercy of third party whims. I am exercising my free will, to choose the time when my presence on these platforms stops, and for the so-called ‘social media’ platforms of Facebook and Twitter, that time has come. | (Bob Begins:) Since 2012, I have been posting the fruits of my volunteer labour and insights on various platforms with the aim of reaching a wider audience. It became clear in 2017 that censorship was on the horizon and that several so-called ‘social media’ channels would no longer be places that could guarantee free and fair dissemination of ideas on an equal basis. Reading the writing on the wall, I started to post content on Steemit.com [HomoSymbian] & [MFMP] as its claimed principles implied that it could be a way to ensure an articles longevity. However, the platform was sold, which is a concerning development and it has started posting adverts. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/its-the-only-way-to-be-sure | ||||||
| 4701 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Exotic Vacuum Objects in various LENR systems | YouTube | Matsumoto, Egely, resonant chamber, Bogdanovich, Ohmasa, LION, D treated Diamond, HF | Bob Greenyer looks at a range of potential Exotic Vacuum Object witness marks observed in a range of systems that apparently transmute matter and compares them to historical and current findings where transmutation has also been observed. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bNXZ-9PWsk | |||||||
| 4702 | Website of Interest | Parkhomov, A.G., Greenyer, R.W., Power, P.W. | 2018 | Nanosoft | Power, P.W. | Auckland | binding energy | (to be filled-in later) | http://www.nanosoft.co.nz/ | ||||||
| 4703 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2019 | OHMA - Ohmasa vibration technology - MFMPs first look | YouTube | Mr Ryushin Ohmasa demonstrates his apparatus for generating the gas for which he has a US PAtent | Ohmasa gas generation, stable | Features of Ohmasa Gas -- Ignition and burning is stable and quiet Hydrogen atoms in the flame and the presence of OH radicals. The raw gas is molecular hydrogen, atomic hydrogen in addition to oxygen, such as the presence of oxygen and deuterium. Is safe to compress the gas mixture. 100-200 and the pressure to secure "mixed gas" state. Even in long-term storage, "composition and energy" shows essentially no change. Plenty of water (70 percent) even with the oil emulsion containing a possible burn completely. Vaporizes metal tungsten in about one second. To demonstrate the high-energy "conversion element" in the possibility of a lot of attention is the creation of new industry expectations. Can be expected as energy nanotechnology manufacturing. Raw energy and "water" and "infinity", and completely clean energy. Applications High-energy fuel cell (from small to large) High-performance large-scale power plant (including gas turbines) Nanotechnology, energy production (Purazama replacement) Creation of new industries as energy Aircraft, marine power sources Heat of a difficult waste incinerator for Alternative fuel gas Steel, other metal cutting (for acetylene gas substitution) | https://youtu.be/hAlhKaWWzLM | http://www.rexresearch.com/ohmasa/ohmasa.htm | |||||
| 4704 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2019 | OHMA – Strong Evidence that Ohmasa Vibrator Enables Fusion (Bob Greenyer) | Ohmasa, Stainless Steel Vibrator plate, optical microscope | An SEM/EDS analysis was done by the MFMP of a section from an Ohmasa Stainless Steel Vibrator plate that was coated with Pd and run in DI water with 5% Heavy Water added and MgCl2. Apparent observation of production of Cr, Fe and Ni as well as apparent production of diamond possibly confirming claims of Mark LeClaire. | https://e-catworld.com/2019/09/01/ohma-strong-evidence-that-ohmasa-vibrator-enables-fusion-bob-greenyer/ | ||||||||
| 4705 | Website of Interest | Greenyer, R.W. | 2016 | MFMP - International Live Open Science project | Steemit | LENR and related archive up to a year ago | https://steemit.com/@mfmp | ||||||||
| 4706 | Report | Parkhomov, A.G., Greenyer, R.W., Zhigalov, V. | 2021 | Notes on Alexander Parkhomov's Woodpecker' Strange Radiation generator | Any experimenter can create a “woodpecker” device. You need a horizontal flat electrode immersed in water or another liquid, and a vertical electrode in the form of a thin rod. The vertical electrode is connected to an electromagnet, which is powered by a current, the circuit of which is closed through the electrodes. When the electrodes are connected, the electromagnet pulls up the vertical electrode, the circuit opens, after which the vertical electrode falls on the horizontal one. The chain closes again, the cycle repeats. In my devices, the voltage is up to 100V, the current is several A. Firstly, this device is not just designed to make Strange Radiation (SR), this is a device to explore elemental transmutations due to spark interaction under water etc | https://steemit.com/steemstem/@mfmp/notes-on-alexander-parkhomov-s-woodpecker-strange-radiation-generator | |||||||||
| 4707 | All | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Kenneth Radford Shoulders - extras transcript | Greenyer, R.W. | Steemit | Transcript of an interview with Ken Shoulders | https://steemit.com/steemstem/@mfmp/kenneth-radford-shoulders-extras-transcript | |||||||
| 4708 | Report | Bettini, G. | 2020 | The EVOs Exotic Vacuum Objects | Vixra.org is a pre-print repository rather than a journal. Articles hosted may not yet have been verified by peer-review and should be treated as preliminary. | EVO, Exotic Vacuum Object, Cauchy Riemann, Ken Shoulders | This document is specifically dedicated to finding an exact solution of a charged cylindrical wave in a vacuum. It is a charged electromagnetic field that exactly obeys the conditions of Cauchy Riemann. It is a "waveguide" field, but without the waveguide. Mathematically the solution carries mass, charge and angular momentum and also magnetic charge. It must be better understood, whether it has a physical meaning or not and whether it has to do with the mysterious EVOs of Ken Shoulders. It is certainly exotic and it is certainly in a vacuum. | https://vixra.org/pdf/2003.0021v1.pdf | |||||||
| 4709 | Journal Article | Koops, H.W.P. | 2014 | Kenneth Radford Shoulders Memorial Lecture at IVNC 2014 | IVNC | Ken Shoulders also wrote routinely on his research and progress and ideas , which was placed in the internet under : http://www.svn.net/krscfs/ but this link is dead | EVO, Exotic Vacuum Object, Vacuum Microelectronics, Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer, John Hutchison, plasma radiation | A good tribute to the father of microelectronics and extensive researcher into Exotic Vacuum Objects (EVOs) | http://www.vacuumnanoelectronics.org/kneneth-radford-shoulders/ | ||||||
| 4710 | Report | Shoulders, K.R. | 2013 | Kenneth R. Shoulders Papers | Science History Institute Archives | Philadelphia Area Archives Research Portal (PAARP) | Philiadelphia | 1955-2008 | This is a finding aid. It is a description of archival material held at the Science History Institute Archives. Unless otherwise noted, the materials described below are physically available in our reading room, and not digitally available through the web. | Correspondence, Subject Files, Notes and Letters, Patent Files, Notebooks, Manuscripts, Papers, Presentations and Speeches, Printed Materials, Audio-Visual Materials, Electronic Storage Materials, Oversized, Artifacts, Photographic Materials | Correspondence, research files, personal files, patent files, papers and presentations, publications, audio-visual materials, electronic storage materials, and photographic materials of American electronics engineer, experimental physicist, and inventor Kenneth R. Shoulders. | http://dla.library.upenn.edu/dla/pacscl/detail.html?id=PACSCL_SCIHIST_2015003USpaphchf http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/d/pacscl/SCIHIST_2015003USpaphchf | |||
| 4711 | Report | Shoulders, K.R., Sarfatti, J. | 2013 | Energy Conversion From The Exotic Vacuum--Revised | Rex Rearch | EV, Electron Cluster, cold fusion, local gravity coupling, Casimir | A connection is shown between electron clusters, or EVs, and energy conversion processes yielding thermal energy in excess of the input energy used to form the electron cluster. This energy conversion process is traced to all known forms of cold fusion claims for over-unity or excess energy production. A theory of like charge binding as well as highly effective nuclear acceleration using the charge cluster is presented based on local gravity coupling arising from manipulation of the Exotic Vacuum | http://www.rexresearch.com/shoulders/EnergyConversionFromTheExoticVacuumRevised.pdf | |||||||
| 4712 | Report | Tingley, B., Rogoway, T. | 2019 | Docs Show Navy Got 'UFO' Patent Granted By Warning Of Similar Chinese Tech Advances | The War Zone | Naval Aircraft Warefare Center | JUNE 28, 2019 | Just because something is patented doesn’t mean it’s currently in production or even possible. Private entities and the U.S. government both regularly patent forward-looking technologies to ensure that they own the rights to them when or if they’re ever fully realized. The patent for the hybrid craft is set to expire on September 28, 2036. | hybrid aerospace-underwater craft, , Tic Tac, Nimitz, quantum vacuum | The United States Secretary of Navy is listed as the assignee on several radical aviation technologies patented by an aerospace engineer working at the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD) headquarters in Patuxent River, Maryland. One of these patents describes a "hybrid aerospace-underwater craft" claimed to be capable of truly extraordinary feats of speed and maneuverability in air, water, and outer space alike thanks to a revolutionary electromagnetic propulsion system. | https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/28729/docs-show-navy-got-ufo-patent-granted-by-warning-of-similar-chinese-tech-advances | ||||
| 4713 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Lets talk about reactor design | YouTube | Feb 12, 2021 | Bob hosts a live and open discussion on the principles for a potential general purpose reactor design. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPAzFskvj9o | |||||||
| 4714 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Valley kernel canyon | YouTube | Feb 7, 2021 | Bob hosts the second of 3 videos looking at the Vega 'Valley' sample with the Nurugo smart phone microscope attachment on a Samsung S7 phone. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lacwXLwOIjo | |||||||
| 4715 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Valley alluvial channels | YouTube | Feb 8, 2021 | The third of 3 videos looking at the Vega 'Valley' sample with the Nurugo smart phone microscope attachment on a Samsung S7 phone. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8BEY0Ezgamk | |||||||
| 4716 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Valley overview | YouTube | Feb 4, 2021 | This is a preview of a VEGA sample and a livestream setup for real-time optical microscope session on YouTube. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KxsI_wPmikk | |||||||
| 4717 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | VEGA - EVO Blaster? | YouTube | Dec 10, 2020 | HENK, MFMP | What is VEGA? What is it showing us? What can we learn from it? | |||||||
| 4718 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Valley edge on | YouTube | Feb 9, 2021 | Vega 'Valley' sample edges imaged with the Nurugo smart phone microscope attachment on a Samsung S7 phone. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKivO42y5tE | |||||||
| 4719 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Valley kernel canyon 2 | YouTube | Another close look at the Vega 'Valley' sample canyon 'kernels' with the Nurugo smart phone microscope attachment on a Samsung S7 phone. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3dtIFz7Flc | ||||||||
| 4720 | Video | Matsumoto, T. Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Acceleration Methods of Itonic Clusters by Takaaki Matsumoto - Bob Greenyer Explains | YouTube | Jan 27, 2021 | Itonic, ball lightning, Electro-Nuclear Reactions, ENR, acceleration methods | Bob reviews a paper given to at the 25th Linear Accelerator Meeting in Japan (July 12-14, 2000, Himeji, Japan) where Takaaki Matsumoto discusses the extraordinary capabilities of what he called 'Itonic Clusters' which very much resemble ball lightning. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b4PiuU9H3o4 | https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1m346uqg3h-cURTamZ6_neLfyqLQUgwhV | |||||
| 4721 | Conference Paper | Matsumoto, T. | 2000 | Acceleration Methods of Itonic Clusters | Proceedings of the 25th Linear Accelerator Meeting in Japan (July 12-14, 2000, Himeji, Japan) | July 12-14, 2000 | atomic clusters, electric discharges, Electro-Nuclear Reactions, ENR, new physics, no gamma rays | A new state of atomic clusters can be easily generated by electric discharges. Since Electro-Nuclear Reactions (ENRs) could occur in the cluster, new physics could be expected with an accelerated beam of the clusters. Here, two acceleration methods of the clusters will be proposed by using linac. | http://www-linac.kek.jp/mirror/www.spring8.or.jp/JAPANESE/conference/li-me00/PDF/13B-01.pdf | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b4PiuU9H3o4 | |||||
| 4722 | Conference Paper | Matsumoto, T. | 1999 | Electro-Nuclear Reactions in Ball Lightning | 1999 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science. 26th | IEEE | micro ball lightning, underwater spark discharges, electro-nuclear reactions, electro-nuclear collapse, transmutation, Nattoh model, | Summary form only given, as follows. The artificial generation of micro ball lightning (BL) during underwater spark discharges (USB) is presented. An atomic cluster in a special state was generated, called an "itonic" cluster, which could exist for a moment as a stable body and run around underwater as well as in air. The curious behavior of the cluster resembled BL in the natural environment. It was amazing that several new kinds of nuclear reactions ("electro-nuclear reactions (ENRs)") took place in the cluster. The most significant of ENRs among them was nuclear collapse, "electro-nuclear collapse (ENC)". Since the electromagnetic force is 40 orders stronger than the gravitational force, ENC was very easy to induce even in the laboratory. Nuclear transmutation (ENT) was also stimulated in the cluster. Experimental evidence for ENRs is shown. The mechanisms of ENRs is explained by the Nattoh model. | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/829469/metrics#metrics https://sci-hub.se/10.1109/PLASMA.1999.829469 | ||||||
| 4723 | Journal Article | Hutchison, J. | 2021 | The Hutchison Effect Apparatus | Electric Spacecraft Journal, Issue 9, 1993 | There have been some serious investigations into the Hutchison Effect in Canada, the United states, and Germany. (See articles in ESJ #4.) The reality of objects being moved, levitated, or restructured by magnetic and electric field effects does not seem to be in question. Just how or why the events happen is the questionable part. John Hutchison has been providing ESJ with details on his work, as have a few others who have worked with him over the years. The picture consistently described is that of numerous experimental apparatus being operated simultaneously and interactively. "Events" occur, somewhat unpredictably. This is a format of accidental discovery through undefined mixture. It is exciting to the experimenter, yet frustrating to the scientist trying to sort out the interaction of the variables. Although recollection and details ore difficult, Mr. Hutchison describes some of his apparatus in this attempt to share with other experimenters. | https://hiroko.or.jp/wp-content/file/gravity-control/Space%20resonance/HutchisonEffect.pdf | ||||||||
| 4724 | Report | Hathaway, G.D. | 1990 | The Hutchison effect - a lift and disruption system | Humanity Development Library 2.0 | Toronto, Ontario, Canada | The following may shed light on a most unusual phenomenon which we have called the "Hutchison Effect". It is a very strange arrangement of technologies including those of Nikola Tesla and Robert Van de Graaf. This is a topic that is very conducive to wandering because it brings in all of the most amazing kinds of effects that one would love to have in their basement, such as material levitating and floating around, being able to break steel bars without the use of your bare hands, and all sorts of other weird and wonderful things. | shorturl.at/emwH6 | |||||||
| 4725 | Conference Paper | Shoulders, K.R., Hutchison, J., Adamenko, S.V. | 2005 | EVOs and the Hutchison Effect | MIT Cold Fusion Conference | MIT | Massachusetts, USA | May 21, 2005 | nuclear transmutation, low-voltage electrical discharge, slow bending of metals, shredded metal structures, fractured metal structures, propulsion, melting without heat, metal luminance with heat, EVO | Topics Include: NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATION FROM LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE Slow Bending Of Metals Shredded Metal Structures Fractured Metal Structures Propulsion--Both Slow and Impulsive Melting Without Heat Metal Luminance Without Heat EVO Strikes Abound in Sample CONCEPTION OF THE ARTIFICIALLY INITIATED COLLAPSE OF THE SUBSTANCE AND KEY RESULTS OF THE FIRST STAGE OF ITS EXPERIMENTAL IMPLEMENTATION Super-Heavy, Stable Isotope Generation Wide Range of Isotopic Transmutations High Energy Photons and Ions Cobalt 60 Neutralization Overall Energy Gain | http://www.rexresearch.com/shoulders/EVOsandHutchisonEffect.pdf | ||||
| 4726 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | The Monopole Clutch - Evidence of Monopole-Like Structures and their Action in Cold Transmutation of Nuclei | YouTube | monopole, Papp Engine, Brown's Gas, Solin | Bob Greenyer starts to make the case that monopoles are the cause for some of the most extraordinary findings of the past 50 years. Drawing on his own empirical data, and that of many other researchers he applies the findings to, amongst other things, 1. The Papp Engine accident including an overlooked fact from the personal testimony of Richard Feynman 2. The witnessed ability of Brown Gas to near-immediately stabilise radio-nuclides, giving reason to the specific method used He concludes by referencing an awarded but expired patent, priority 1992, which he came across in August 2020 where the inventor has clearly observed the exact same phenomenon and come to similar explanations for what is going on. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=At2hUvA_-cI&t=0s | |||||||
| 4727 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Hutchison Effect - LENR - Sun | YouTube | Feb 27, 2020 | Nikola Tesla, US Fusion Program, EVO, LENR | The work of Nikola Tesla, the US Fusion Program, John Hutchison, Ken Shoulders and LENR are inextricably and demonstrably linked. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mQh0zMLpzMo | ||||||
| 4728 | Newspaper Article | Bostik, W.H. | 2007 | Winston H. Bostick/Newspaper clippings | Plasma-Universe.com | Winston H. Bostick newspaper clippings. Note: For peer-reviewed articles on this subject, see Bostick’s bibliography (https://www.plasma-universe.com/winston-h-bostick/#Bibliography) and the article on plasmoids (https://www.plasma-universe.com/plasmoid/ | https://www.plasma-universe.com/winston-h-bostick-newspaper-clippings/ | ||||||||
| 4729 | Website of Interest | Knowledge Computing | 2007 | Plasma Universe | 2007-2021 | plasma, Alfven, plasma astrophysics, plasma universe, plasma cosmology | The Plasma Universe is a term coined by Nobel Laureate Hannes Alfven to highlight the importance of plasma throughout the Universe. See how much you think you know about cosmic plasma below, and then check out our articles, images and the Plasma Universe Timeline. Note: Some of the theories on this site form the cornerstone of plasma astrophysics. Other theories contradict the generally accepted view (qv). This site merely attempts to describe them, citing peer-reviewed references where available. | https://www.plasma-universe.com/ | |||||||
| 4730 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2018 | Seek & Share | MFMP Bob Greenyer Sochi 04 Oct 2018 | Soci | 04 Oct 2018 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWT9H8TPJeQ&t=1332s | ||||||||
| 4731 | Journal Article | Ziolkowski, R.W., Tippett, M.K. | 1991 | Collective effect in an electron plasma system catalyzed by a localized electromagnetic wave | Physical Review A 43(6), 3066-3072 | University of California, Laurence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 | 15 March 1991 | The possibility of the existence of an essentially single-species plasma state represented by a stable packet of charged particles moving collectively through space-time is examined. The collective plasma state is catalyzed by a localized electromagnetic wave. Condensation to this state is shown to occur on a very short time scale. The model treats the particle packet as a warm electron plasma (fluid) and self-consistently incorporates the resulting electromagnetic field. Predicted characteristics of the localized particle packet and its associated electromagnetic fields compare favorably with recent experimental data. | https://sci-hub.se/10.1103/physreva.43.3066 doi:10.1103/physreva.43.3066 | ||||||
| 4732 | Newspaper Article | Laurence, W.L. | 1956 | Physicist 'Creates' Universe in a Test Tube | New York Times | New York Times | Out of a small glass chamber, devised to study means for taming the explosive energy of the hydrogen bomb for peaceful uses, has come a new vision of creation. It offers for the first time experimental evidence of the possible origin of the infinite universe of stars and galaxies. | https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/12/12/86962827.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 | Atom Gun Produces Galaxies and Gives Clues to Creation | ||||||
| 4733 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Hutchison Effect - Magneto Toro Electro Gravitic field interference driven transmutation - Fracture | YouTube | gravity, Exotic Vacuum Objects, element synthesis | With a growing body of evidence, including specific patents from the US Navy, statements from Martin Fleischmann and Takaaki Matsumoto that Fusion technologies have relationships to gravity research, this video asks if interference and gravity collapse of Exotic Vacuum Objects can account for remarkable structures and apparent element synthesis on a Hutchison Effect sample. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1BxnDe5mu14 | |||||||
| 4734 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Why are there H-block magnetic anomalies at Puma Punku and Tiwinaku? | YouTube | Jan 16, 2021 | Can we explain H-block magnetic anomalies at Puma Punku and Tiwinaku in Bolivia? | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7B9N-ZObX8g | |||||||
| 4735 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Further discussion on potential geo-polymer casting technologies | YouTube | Leveraging the ubiquity of Exotic Vacuum Objects (EVOs) Further to the article presented here: shorturl.at/dfZ45 It is clear that other experimental observations made since 1989 point to a number of EVO based approaches to geo-polymer casting technologies | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_f1A9uESjbc | ||||||||
| 4736 | Video | LeClair, M., King, M. | 2020 | Cavitation, Zero point & Leclair effect nuclear reactions (LENR) | YouTube | May 6, 2020 | Macrocationic, crystallized cavitation reentrant jets were first observed during investigation of directed cavitation reentrant jet nano and micro-machining in water by the author in 2004 in Buxton, ME, on grants funded by the Maine Technology Institute. I again observed the same behavior in 2005 on work funded by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority as PI, with co-investigators Serge Lebid, EVP NanoSpire, Inc., Prof. Eric Eisenbraun of Albany Nanotech, and others. The extreme pressure and temperature of cavitation bubble collapse was compressing dissociated water H+ and OH- ions at the bubble interface into solid, faceted macrocationic crystals possessing an equilateral triangle crystalline subunit. Reentrant jet impacts formed pit cross-sections that were equilateral triangles, regular or oval-shaped hexagons, twinned crystals such as hourglasses, or hybrids of triangles and hexagons. The presentation will provide an overview of data and theories addressing the structure and dynamics of crystallized cavitation re-entrant jets in coherently extracting zero point energy, triggering fusion and driving prebiotic chemistry. NanoSpire has four issued patents: • LeClair, M. L., Method and Apparatus for the Controlled Formation of Cavitation Bubbles. US Patent No. 7,517,430 issued April. 14, 2009. • LeClair, M. L., Method and Apparatus for the Controlled Formation of Cavitation Bubbles Using Target Bubbles. US Patent No. 7,297,288 issued Nov. 20, 2007. • LeClair, M. L., Method and Apparatus for the Controlled Formation of Cavitation Bubbles. US Patent No. 6,960,307 issued Nov. 1, 2005 • LeClair, M. L., Method and Apparatus for the Controlled Formation of Cavitation Bubbles Using Target Bubbles. US Patent No. 6,932,914 issued Aug. 23, 2005. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0s_6k6wtks | |||||||
| 4737 | All | LeClair, M. | 2021 | Method and apparatus for the controlled formation of cavitation bubbles | USPO | US7517430B1 | 2009-04-14 | Cavitation Processing, Fluid Dynamics, Nanotechnology, Solar, Biofuels, CFD, Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics, Green Energy | The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for the directed formation of a re-entrant micro-jet formed upon the collapse of a cavitation bubble formed proximate to a work surface placed in a fluid. A mask containing an orifice, placed between the work surface and the cavitation bubble, is utilized to direct the re-entrant micro-jet to the work surface. The cavitation bubble may be formed in the desired location by focusing an energy flow proximate to the mask. The energy flow may be obtained by radiation from laser, x-ray, or electrical discharge sources. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US7517430B1/en | |||||
| 4738 | Journal Article | Wynne, B. | 1976 | C.G. Barkla and the J Phenomenon: A Case Study in the Treatment of Deviance in Physics | Social Studies of Science, 6(1976) pp307-47 | Department of Sociology, University of Lancaster, Cartmel College, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4YL, UK | Bob Greenyer speculates that 'J-Radiation' was of EVO origin | Barkla, J Radiation | The history of science is replete with claims which have been the subject of heated controversy 1 Sometimes the rejection of 'revolutionary' claims by the orthodox is vindicated as relatively simple explanations of the problematic ’events’ subsequently come to light. Sometimes the initially implausible or eccentric claims are triumphantly vindicated as a doubting orthodoxy either eats humble pie, or attempts to represent the new wisdom as something it has always believed. But sometimes the eventual demise of an unpopular claim is surrounded by a confusion of innuendo, inconsistency, unsubstantiated assertions, and plain ignorance; there often appears to be no consistent account of the claim’s rejection, and predominant reasons given in terms of strict rational criteria may seem to require further qualification. The ’J phenomenon’, a complicated set of experimental claims and preliminary theoretical forays by the British physicist C.G. Barkla, is a good example of a case of the third type. It was a scientific ’error’ on the fringes of ’orthodox’ physics which lasted long enough to generate over fifty scientific papers. The J phenomenon never received an absolutely final and clear 'explanation' in terms which would justify its 'rational' rejection by the mainstream. The case reflects a deep gulf of incommensurability between groups pursuing two different idioms of science, a difference which I have argued elsewhere2 had been extant, if less marked, for nearly two decades before the climax (but not the end) of the controversy in 1923. | shorturl.at/vwHU6 | |||||
| 4739 | Website of Interest | Bearden, T.E. | 2014 | The Tom Bearden Website | free energy, vacuum energy, scalar electromagnetics, EM, Heaviside, Gibbs, Priore, AIDS, Excalibur Briefing, Bedini, Chernobyl, Kyshtyn, dipole, negentropy, physics bohm-aharanov, aias, adas, tesla, becker, Popp, cheniere, interferometry, KGB | Tom Bearden delivers the REAL GREEN NEW DEAL | https://www.cheniere.org/ | ||||||||
| 4740 | Patent | Bushman, B.B. | 1997 | Apparatus and method for amplifying a magnetic beam | US Patent Office Patent No.: US5929732A | USPO | Expired on 2017-04-17 | magnetic beam, magnetic monopole, levitation, degaussing | An apparatus and method for creating a magnetic beam wherein a focusing magnet assembly (45) is comprised of a first opposing magnet pair (20) and a second opposing magnet pair (30) disposed in a focusing plane, each magnet of the respective opposing magnet pairs having a like pole directed towards the geometric center of the focusing magnet assembly (45) to form an alignment path, two like magnetic beams extending from the alignment path on each side of the focusing magnet assembly (45), each beam being generally perpendicular to the focusing plane. A like pole of an unopposed magnet (10) can be directed down the alignment path from one side of the focusing magnet assembly (45) to produce a single magnetic beam extending generally perpendicular from the focusing magnet assembly opposite unopposed magnet (10). This beam is a magnetic monopole which emits pulses, levitates, degausses, stops electronics and separates materials. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US5929732A/en | |||||
| 4741 | Journal Article | Urutskoev, L.I., Liksonov, V.I., Tsinoev, V.G. | 2001 | Observation of transformation of chemical elements during electric discharge | Prikladnaya Fizika (Applied Physics, in Russian), 2000, vol.4, pp. 83-100 | Kurchatov Institute | electric explosion, in water, strange radiation, magnetic charge | Results of experimental studies of electric explosion, in water, of foils made of extremely pure materials are presented. New chemical elements detected both by spectroscopic measurements during the electric discharge and by a mass-spectrometer analysis of sediments after the discharge have been found to appear. A "strange" radiation associated with the transformation of chemical elements has been registered. A hypothesis has been put forward that particles of the "strange" radiation have magnetic charge. | https://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0101/0101089.pdf | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1-aMp9oJtk&t=18s | |||||
| 4742 | Book | Parkhomov, A.G. | 2019 | SPACE. EARTH. HUMAN. New Views on science | The Image Refinery | 251 pages | Second Edition: English Translation organised and printed by Bob Greenyer | This book describes the results of a person who discovered in himself a vocation for experimental research and tried to implement it as much as circumstances allowed at the unique time of the turn of the millennium. The author studied at the Faculty of Experimental and Theoretical Physics of the Moscow Engineering-Physical Institute and work for 12 years as a researcher at this remarkable forge of scientific and engineering personnel, investigating, mainly the properties of radiation from nuclear reactors. However, these works we quite standard and monotonous. The truly fascinating and fruitful research began when it became possible to independently choose the objects and methods of experiments. | ISBN 978-1-711-22121-2 | ||||||
| 4743 | Book | Hein, S. | 2017 | Black Swan Ghosts: A sociologist encounters witnesses to unexplained aerial craft, their occupants, and other elements of the multiverse | Mount Baldy Press | What happens when you come into contact with a phenomenon so controversial it can destroy your career? New bonus feature—Stunning witness video interviews, links now embedded in the eBook text at the end of some chapters. Black Swan Ghosts is an investigation into how our society treats witnesses to unexplained events, unidentified aerial objects, and mysterious beings. It’s a topic that I once dismissed as being weird, fringe, and kind of crazy. Something I’d avoid. But after getting involved in the subject of Remote Viewing and getting to know participants in this previously classified government program, I began to encounter more and more highly credible witnesses to these hard-to-explain phenomena. And after a while, the weight of the evidence overcame any doubts I had about the authenticity and veracity of these subjects. This is an investigation of why our society is so reluctant to engage and address the critical issues raised by such phenomena. Why are we afraid to take the subject seriously? What are the consequences to the witnesses? Exactly what kind of universe do we live in? Includes witness stories from a former Air Force and commercial pilot, children of high ranking Air Force officials, an Aerospace engineer, a former NASA astrobiologist, a retired U.S. government remote viewer, and many others. You’ll hear and see what it’s like to come face to face with the unknown. It’s now time for their stories to be heard. And it’s time we all started listening. Now includes video interviews, on the BlackSwanGhosts.com website, with many of the witnesses in the book. | https://blackswanghosts.com/ | ||||||||
| 4744 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2019 | Natural Plasma Balls and LENR — Hesseldan Norway Phenomena Examined (Bob Greenyer) | E-Cat World | Acland, F. | fire ball, Hesseldalen, natural plasma balls, LENR, radiation | Bob Greenyer has made a series of videos regarding ‘fire ball’ phenomena that have been observed in the Hesseldalen valley in central Norway. Starting in 198 residents of this valley observed many unusual lights in the area, some of which were filmed and photographed and have been documented on this website: http://www.hessdalen.org/index_e.shtml Bob’s videos explore this phenomenon and examine the possible link between ‘natural plasma balls’ and LENR. He examines research from an Italian research team which studied the area in 2002. Researchers took powder samples from the vicinity of where local witnesses had seen fireballs, who found radiation readings many times above background. | https://e-catworld.com/2019/01/18/natural-plasma-balls-and-lenr-hesseldan-norway-phenomena-examined-bob-greenyer/ | ||||||
| 4745 | Journal Article | Smith, P.J., Hendricks, R.C., Steinetz, B.M. | 2021 | Electrolytic co-deposition neutron production measured by bubble detectors | Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 19 January 2021 | Bubble detector neutron dosimeters measured electrochemical cell neutron activity Case control: PdCl2/LiCl/D20 cells were compared with CuCl2/LiCl/D20 control cells Experimental cells exhibited neutron activity greater than controls: 99% confidence Highest neutron-generating experimental cells produced dendritic cathode deposits Neutron activity cannot be explained by chemical reactions, only nuclear processes | Co-deposition electrochemical cells are a simple means to examine novel nuclear reactions. In this study, palladium and deuterium atoms were co-deposited on a cathode at stoichiometric densities, forming dendritic morphologies. Bubble detector neutron dosimeters were used to measure equivalent dose levels during electrolytic deposition. Cells expected to produce excess neutrons were denoted as experimental cells and contained an electrolyte consisting of palladium(II) chloride, lithium chloride, and heavy water. The control cells used copper(II) chloride, lithium chloride, and heavy water electrolyte. Thirteen experimental and nine control cells were supplied current, increasing from 0.1 to 100.0 mA over a period of 20 days. Neutron radiation levels detected near experimental cells were, on average, greater than those measured near control cells for the entire test profile. For test days 9 through 20, the experimental cells exhibited significantly higher average neutron radiation than the controls at a 99% confidence level. | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1572665721000503 | https://e-catworld.com/2021/02/01/nasa-team-reports-neutron-production-from-co-deposition-electrochemical-cells/ | ||||||
| 4746 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Valley Forge - Live microscope session 2 | YouTube | Feb 5, 2021 | Discussion on how the 'Valley' features on brass plate was formed | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QA2zuLXj-bU&feature=youtu.be | |||||||
| 4747 | Journal Article | Bogdanovich, B.U. Volkov, N.V., Len, N. A., Nesterovich, A.N. | 2019 | Video Recording of Long-Lived Plasmoids near Objects Exposed to Remote and Direct Effects of High-Current Pinch Discharges | Technical Physics volume 64, pages465–469(2019) | 15 May, 2019 | plasmoids, high current pinch discharges | The results of observation of plasmoids that were formed during periodic discharge in a flow of liquid, in particular, water, in its surrounding space during discharge and in post-discharge, have been presented. The presence of long-lived luminous formations not only in the air, but also on the surface and above the surface of nearby objects has been noted. The reasons for the appearance of such objects and their properties, which have features not only of macro-, but also micro-objects, such as Dirac’s monopole, have been analyzed. | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1063784219040066 https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063784219040066 | ||||||
| 4748 | Conference Paper | Matsumoto, T. | 2000 | Acceleration Methods of Itonic Clusters | Proceedings of the 25th Linear Accelerator Meeting in Japan (July 12-14, 2000, Himeji, Japan) | A new state of atomic clusters can be easily generated by electric discharges. Since Electro-Nuclear Reactions (ENRs) could occur in the cluster, new physics could be expected with an accelerated beam if the clusters. Here, two acceleration methods of the clusters by using linac. | https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1m346uqg3h-cURTamZ6_neLfyqLQUgwhV | ||||||||
| 4749 | Conference Paper | Matsumoto, T. | 2000 | Feasibility of X-Ray Laser by Underwater Spark Discharges | JAERI-Conf 20()()-0()6 | Hokkaido University | Underwater Spark Discharge, Micro Ball Lightning, Itonic Cluster, X-Ray Laser | The method of Underwater Spark Discharges(USD) is one of the most effective ways for generating extremely compressed atomic clusters (called itonic clusters or micro Ball Lightning(BL)). It is also associated with energetic X-rays, which are caused by the break up of the itonic electrons. Despite of low voltage discharges of about 50 V, the high energy X-rays up to 150 keV can be generated. This paper proposed two methods of generating X-ray laser by using micro BL: (1) micro BL on surfaces of regularly arrayed wire cathodes and (2) gas of micro BL generated by USD. | https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1m346uqg3h-cURTamZ6_neLfyqLQUgwhV | ||||||
| 4750 | All | Matsumoto, T. | 2021 | Micro Ball Lightning and its Nuclear Collapse during Earthquakes near Kouzu-shima Island in 2000 | EGS - AGU - EUG Joint Assembly, Abstracts from the meeting held in Nice, France, 6 - 11 April 2003, abstract id. 13998 | Micro explosion of nuclear collapse was recently discovered during underwater electrical discharge by the author (1). The phenomenon was called Electro-Nuclear Collapse (ENC) in order to distinguish from the gravitational collapse. ENC occurred with a special state of an atomic or molecular cluster, itonic cluster. It was alternatively called micro Lightning (BL), because its size was about 100 μmφ and several curious property were common with natural BL. ENC was easily induced not only by electrical discharge but also by other techniques such as ultrasonic vibration, heating, compression, fission and laser and electron beams. Furthermore it was suggested that ENC of micro BL could occur in natural violent phenomena such as earthquake and volcanic eruption. They were really observed during the volcanic eruption of Mt. Usu (Hokkaido island in Japan) in 2000 (2). This paper described a brief review of ENC of micro BL and observations of micro BL and its ENC during the earthquakes near Kouzu-shima island (Tokyo in Japan) in 2000. Furthermore, a new theory of earthquake that was based on ENC of a large number of micro BL was proposed. Reference 1.T. Matsumoto, "Steps to the Discovery of Electro-Nuclear Collapse: Collected Papers (1989--1999)," (2000). Copies will be distributed at this conference. 2.T. Matsumoto, "Micro Ball Lightning Observed during Underwater Spark Discharges, Compared with Natural Ones," Proc. of Pulsed Power Plasma Science (PPPS-2001), Vol. 1, p. 273 (2001). | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/252109929_Micro_Ball_Lightning_and_its_Nuclear_Collapse_during_Earthquakes_near_Kouzu-shima_Island_in_2000 | ||||||||
| 4751 | All | Matsumoto, T. | 2000 | Transport and Collapse of Micro Ball Lightning | IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science | Curious behavior of micro Ball Lighhg (BL) which was artificially generated during Underwater Spark Discharges (USD)(l) will be presented. The micro BL was an atomic cluster in a special :itate, called an "itonic" cluster. Its electrons were assumed to lie interconnected each other so that the cluster could exist for a moment as a stable body. The bonding or the electrons was so strong that nuclear reactions could be induced. The most significant reaction was nuclear collapse, called Electro-Nuclear Collapse (ENC), from which light elements such as carbon could be regenerated as curious thin film or tube like products. The micro BL was generated on a tip bottom of a plate anode of copper, those shape was like a knife (about 5 mm wide). It was upwards driven by the electrical potential, dbg which various kinds of traces were deposited on the copper plate: transport 01; micro BL, the generation of carbon films, and rotational eruption, called micro tornado, explained by The Nattoh Model (2). The mechanisms of the curious phenomena will be explained by the Nattoh model. | https://sci-hub.se/10.1109/plasma.2000.854996 | ||||||||
| 4752 | All | Matsumoto, T. | 2021 | Micro ball lightning and its accelerator proposed to control natural phenomena | Genshikaku Kenkyu; ISSN 0367-4169; Worldcat; v. 47(4); p. 157-164 | acceleration, accelerators, atomic clusters, ball lightning, cold fusion, earthquakes, electric discharges, electron reactions, hypothesis, japan, proposals, volcanism, water | Micro Ball Lightning (BL) was recently discovered in laboratory. It was also observed during natural phenomena such as volcanic eruption and earthquake. This paper described a brief review of micro BL observed in laboratory as well as during two natural phenomena. Being based on a hypothesis of that those natural phenomena could have been caused by explosive reactions of micro BL, a potential accelerator of micro BL was proposed to control the natural phenomena | https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:34011594 | |||||||
| 4753 | All | Lewis, E. | 2021 | Tornadoes, Plasmoids and Ball Lightning Identification Evidence | Tornadoes and ball lightning are kinds of plasmoid phenomena. Certain anomalous characteristics of tornadoes and ball lightning are described here. Their behavior is shown to be similar to the behavior of plasmoid phenomena produced by electrolysis and discharge apparatus as evidenced by certain micrometer-sized markings in nuclear emulsions and marks in materials. | https://www.thunderbolts.info/wp/2013/02/01/tornadoes-plasmoids-and-ball-lightning-identification-evidence/ | |||||||||
| 4755 | Journal Article | Abo-Shaeer, J.R., Raman, C., Vogels, J.M., Ketterle, W. | 2001 | Observation of Vortex Lattices in Bose-Einstein Condensates | www.sciencemag.org, Vol 292, pp476-479 | 20 April 2001 | Quantized vortices play a key role in superfluidity and superconductivity. We have observed the formation of highly ordered vortex lattices in a rotating Bose-condensed gas. These triangular lattices contained over 100 vortices with lifetimes of several seconds. Individual vortices persisted up to 40 seconds. The lattices could be generated over a wide range of rotation frequencies and trap geometries, shedding light on the formation process. Our observation of dislocations, irregular structure, and dynamics indicates that gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates may be a model system for the study of vortex matter. | https://sci-hub.se/10.1126/science.1060182 | https://disqus.com/embed/comments/?base=default&f=ecw&t_i=25206%20https%3A%2F%2Fe-catworld.com%2F%3Fp%3D25206&t_u=https%3A%2F%2Fe-catworld.com%2F2021%2F02%2F16%2Fupdate-from-aureon-energy%2F&t_e=Update%20from%20Aureon%20Energy&t_d=Update%20from%20Aureon%20Energy&t_t=Update%20from%20Aureon%20Energy&s_o=desc# | ||||||
| 4756 | Report | Kovacs, A., Vassallo, G., O'Hara, P., Di Tommaso, A.O., Celani, F. | 2021 | Maxwell's equations and Occams's Razor | Clifford algebra, gauges, electric charge, Zitterbewegung, Compton radius, electron mass, electromagnetic field theory, anomalous magnetic moment, photons, QM state transitions, charge quantization, electromagnetic symmetries | Presentation of some key ideas from the 2nd edition of our book, titled Maxwell-Dirac Theory and Occam's Razor: Unified Field, Elementary Particles and Nuclear Interactions | https://drive.google.com/file/d/11B4zlLaXs_JwHuo5PSJtxzTWn7CofERz/view | ||||||||
| 4757 | Report | Shoulders, K.R. | 2005 | Electromagnetic Pulse Source Using Fluidized Electrons | Rex Research | EMP, fluidized electrons, electric stun gun, HEP, EVO | A new ElectroMagnetic Pulse (EMP) technology is proposed based on the rapid decomposition, in lightning-like fashion, of cubic centimeter quantities of fluidized electrons yielding both high-energy particles and high intensity electromagnetic fields capable of deep penetration, massive disruption of electronic systems and having a long range, low lethality electric stun gun effect of high accuracy. A simple deployment method is proposed using ballistics by incorporating fluidized electrons into rounds of ammunition ranging from .22 caliber to 20 mm. The possibility of a more sophisticated guidance means employing a beam of light is also introduced. | http://www.rexresearch.com/shoulders/ElectromagneticPulseSourceUsingFluidizedElectrons.pdf | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7EG5DwWdQk | ||||||
| 4758 | Report | Nelson, R.A. | 1992 | Ken Shoulders' Electrum Validum (EV) | Electrum Validum, EV, High Density Charge Cluster, HDCC, | Kenneth R. Shoulders has received five US Patents for his discovery and development High Density Charge Cluster (HDCC) technology. Shoulders describes the HDCC entity as "a relatively discrete, self-contained, negatively charged, high density state of matter... [a bundle of electrons that] appears to be produced by the application of a high electrical field between a cathode and an anode." He has given it the name "Electrum Validum" (EV), meaning "strong electron", from the Greek "elektron" (electronic charge) and the Latin "valere" (to be strong, having power to unite). | http://www.rexresearch.com/ev/ev.htm | ||||||||
| 4759 | Journal Article | Panchelyuga, V.A., Diatroptov, M.E., Kolokolov, D.V. | 2020 | Influence of P-radiation on physical and chemical-biological systems. Results of some search experiments | Metaphysics, 2020, No 4, pp.72-88. | (In Russian) | In the present study the active factor is not the rotation of the mass, but the rotation of the Poynting vector. This allows us to hypothesize that rotation somehow changes the properties of the space in which fluctuation processes occur and that this is the reason for the subsequent change in its parameters. This assumption is also supported by the phenomenon of "phantom" - the phenomenon that the observed changes persist for a sufficiently long time after the rotation has already stopped. This phenomenon was discovered both in the case of mass rotation and in the present study with the rotation of the Poynting vector. | http://lib.rudn.ru/file/20_1060_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%204%2038%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB-10.pdf DOI: 10.22363/2224-7580-2020-4-72-88 | |||||||
| 4760 | Journal Article | Brilliantov N.V., Abutuqayqah H., Tyukin, I.Y., Matveev, S.A. | 2020 | Swirlonic state of active matter | natureresearch | Particle Physics, Swirlons, Swirlonic, self-propelled particles, Newton's Second Law | We report a novel state of active matter—a swirlonic state. It is comprised of swirlons, formed by groups of active particles orbiting their common center of mass. These quasi-particles demonstrate a surprising behavior: In response to an external load they move with a constant velocity proportional to the applied force, just as objects in viscous media. The swirlons attract each other and coalesce forming a larger, joint swirlon. The coalescence is extremely slow, decelerating process, resulting in a rarifed state of immobile quasi-particles. In addition to the swirlonic state, we observe gaseous, liquid and solid states, depending on the inter-particle and self-driving forces. Interestingly, in contrast to molecular systems, liquid and gaseous states of active matter do not coexist. We explain this unusual phenomenon by the lack of fast particles in active matter. We perform extensive numerical simulations and theoretical analysis. The predictions of the theory agree qualitatively and quantitatively with the simulation results. | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-73824-4.pdf | https://scitechdaily.com/swirlonic-super-particles-physicists-baffled-by-a-novel-state-of-matter | A novel state of matter has been discovered by physicists at the University of Leicester. | |||||
| 4761 | Magazine Article | University of Leicester | 2021 | Swirlonic Super Particles: Physicists Baffled by a Novel State of Matter | SciTechDaily | Particle Physics, Swirlons, Swirlonic, self-propelled particles, Newton's Second Law | A novel state of matter has been discovered by physicists at the University of Leicester. In recent years, active, self-propelled particles have received growing interest amongst the scientific community. Examples of active particles and their systems are numerous and very diverse, ranging from bacterium films to flocks of birds or human crowds. These systems can demonstrate unusual behavior, which is challenging to understand or model. To this end, large-scale models of active particles were being scrutinized by experts at Leicester, in order to understand basic principles underlying active particle dynamics and apply them in a scenario of an evacuation strategy for customers in crowded place. Unexpectedly, the ‘super-particles’ milling in a circular motion were stumbled upon by Leicester’s physicists who subsequently coined the phenomenon as “swirlonic.” The “swirlon” — a novel state of active matter — displayed a stunning behavior whereby instead of moving with acceleration, the quasi-particle groups moved with a constant velocity, proportional to the applied force and in the same direction of the force. This conduct seemingly violates the Second Newton’s Law, currently taught in secondary schools across the UK. | https://scitechdaily.com/swirlonic-super-particles-physicists-baffled-by-a-novel-state-of-matter | |||||||
| 4762 | Patent | Gordon, F.E., Whitehouse, H.J. | 2019 | Gaseous-phase ionizing radiation generator | USPO | US Patent Office | electrically controlled ionizing radiation, gaseous-phase, electrodes | A gaseous-phase ionizing radiation generator for the voltage controlled production, flux, and use of one or more forms of ionizing electromagnetic and/or particulate radiation including: embodiments to collect and convert the particulate radiation that is generated by the radiation generator into electricity; embodiments that generate electricity from the ionized gas within the radiation generator by means of an auxiliary electrode structure composed of interdigitated individual electrodes of alternating work function; and a method or procedure for the fabrication and the activation of at least one working electrode composed in part of a metal hydride host material that is not formally considered to be radioactive. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US10841989B2/en | ||||||
| 4763 | Journal Article | Gordon, F.E., Whitehouse, H.J. | 2021 | Lattice Energy Converter (LEC) | INOVL | Let me start by thanking the organizers of this workshop for taking the initiative to honor Dr. Srinivasan in this manner. He was one of the most respected members of this community for his knowledge, his contributions and also his personality. We are honored to make this presentation in memory and honor the legacy of Dr. Srinivasan | • Will spontaneously initiate the production of ionizing radiation and electrical energy based only on the thermal energy in its palladium lattice that is occluded with hydrogen or deuterium • Produces sustained ionizing radiation and electrical energy when the lattice material is in fluidic contact with a gas containing hydrogen or deuterium • Does not require naturally radioactive materials • Mechanically simple to construct and test but the physics of its operation is not fully understood • Easy to replicate | https://www.lenr-canr.org/acrobat/GordonFlatticeene.pdf | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4dzTWY_aWM&feature=youtu.be | ||||||
| 4764 | Patent | Rayms-Keller, P., Lowry, M.S., Barker, S.R. | 2021 | Low Energy Nuclear Reactor | US Patent Office | LENR, ignitor, sparking | A low energy nuclear reactor (LENR) is provided for producing thermal energy. The LENR includes first and second vessels and an ignitor. The first vessel defined a first chamber containing LENR fuel. The second vessel disposed inside the first vessel defines a second chamber containing exothermic material. The ignitor initiates the exothermic material by sparking. The LENR fuel reacts to produce the thermal energy in response to initiation heat from the exothermic material. | http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-adv.html&r=1&p=1&f=G&l=50&d=PG01&S1=20210090752.PGNR.&OS=dn/20210090752&RS=DN/20210090752 | https://e-catworld.com/2021/03/24/u-s-navy-researchers-re-open-investigation-in-the-field-of-cold-fusion-lenr/ | ||||||
| 4765 | Journal Article | Koziol, M. | 2021 | Whether Cold Fusion or Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions, U.S. Navy Researchers Reopen Case | IEEE Spectrum | Scientists at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division, spurred on by continued anomalous nuclear results, have commissioned multiple labs now working to get to bottom of story | LENR, lattice-confinement fusion, NASA | After more than three decades of simmering debate in specialized physics groups and fringe research circles, the controversy over cold fusion (sometimes called low-energy nuclear reactions or LENRs) refuses to go away. On one hand, ardent supporters have lacked the consistent, reproducible results and the theoretical underpinning needed to court mainstream acceptance. On the other, vehement detractors cannot fully ignore the anomalous results that have continued to crop up, like the evidence for so-called “lattice-confinement fusion” adduced last year by a group at NASA’s Glenn Research Center. | https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/energy/nuclear/cold-fusion-or-low-energy-nuclear-reactions-us-navy-researchers-reopen-case | https://e-catworld.com/2021/03/24/u-s-navy-researchers-re-open-investigation-in-the-field-of-cold-fusion-lenr/ | |||||
| 4766 | Journal Article | Holmlid, L., Kotarba, A., Stelmachowski, P. | 2021 | Production of ultra-dense hydrogen H(0): A novel nuclear fuel | Physica Scripta, Volume 94, Number 7 | 24 April 2019 | Leif Holmlid declares: LH has partial ownership of the company Norront Fusion Energy (https://www.norrontfusion.com/) which develops fusion energy reactors using ultra-dense hydrogen. The company felt that there is a risk that other companies may learn more rapidly how to produce ultra-dense hydrogen from this review. However, I believe strongly in free exchange of ideas and results in science and technology for the benefit of all. LH declares that he has no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. | catalyst, ultra-dense hydrogen, nuclear fusion | The extremely large density of ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) has been proved in numerous experiments by three laser-induced methods, namely Coulomb explosions observed by particle time-of-flight (TOF) and TOF mass spectrometry, rotational emission spectroscopy in the visible, and annihilation-like meson ejecting nuclear reaction processes. The density of H(0) at the quite common spin level s = 2 is of the order of 100 kg cm−3. The theory of ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) is described briefly, especially the 'mixed' spin quantum number s and its relation to the internuclear distances. The orbital angular momentum of the bonding electrons in H(0) is l = 0, which gives the H(0) designation. At s = 2 with electron total angular momentum L = ħ, the internuclear distance is 2.24 pm, and at s = 1 thus L = ħ/2, it is as small as 0.56 pm. The internuclear distances are measured by optical rotational spectroscopy with a precision as good as 10−3, thus with femtometer resolution. The dimensional factor (ratio of internuclear distance to the electron orbit radius) was determined to be 2.9 by electrostatic stability calculations for ordinary Rydberg matter. This value is found to be valid with high precision also for H(0) clusters with different shapes. Superfluidity and a Meissner effect at room temperature are only found for the long chain clusters H2N(0), while the small H3(0) and H4(0) clusters do not have any super properties. Instead, they are the clusters in which most of the nuclear reaction processes take place. These processes give meson showers (most types of kaons and pions) and, after meson decay, large fluxes of muons and other leptons. Published applications of these results already exist in the field of nuclear reactions, energy production (patented fusion reactor), space physics (the solar wind), and in astrophysics (dark matter and the interstellar medium). | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319921008144?via%3Dihub | https://e-catworld.com/2021/03/28/paper-production-of-ultra-dense-hydrogen-h0-a-novel-nuclear-fuel-holmlid-et-al/ | ||||
| 4767 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Magnetic signature of Strange Radiation - Part 3 | YouTube | July 26th, 2020 | What does the magnetic signature of Strange Radiation have in common with a mushroom? | periodic discharge, flow, plasmoids, birds, Dirac monopole, electrons | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtDd3PuGTyM | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334005174_Experimental_study_of_environment_ionization_in_the_zone_of_a_periodic_discharge_in_a_flow_of_liquid_PDFL | |||||
| 4768 | Conference Paper | Bogdanovich, B.U., Buynanov, G.O., Nesterovich, A.V. | 2019 | Experimental study of environment ionization in the zone of a periodic discharge in a flow of liquid (PDFL) | Journal of Physics: Conference Series | Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 1238, IV International Conference | periodic discharge, flow, plasmoids, birds, Dirac monopole, electrons | The study of the ionized environment in the area surrounding PDFL has showed the presence of visible plasmoids moving in the horizontal plane. The study of traces on the X-ray film made it possible to detect a significant number of traces of an identical shape and size that look like the "birds" which were found earlier in other facilities. A preliminary analysis has been carried out for their identification, which led to a conclusion about the nature of these formations, in particular, their identity with the Dirac monopole (or similar object) having a 'tail' and 'wings' formed by a flow of electrons from the surroundings. | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1238/1/012055 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1238/1/012055 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtDd3PuGTyM | |||||
| 4769 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Magnetic signature of Strange Radiation - Part 1 | YouTube | July 21, 2020 | magnetic charge, tracks, X-Ray film, cavitation, EV, EVO, plasmoid, ball lightning, high current discharges, sparks, bead chains, | A first look at the magnetic nature of Strange Radiation - Part 1: Some of its signatures. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEyxKFUqvU0 | Hutchison, Matsumoto, Urutskcoev, Daviau, Fredericks, Greenyer, ECCO fuel, Baranov, Zatelepin, Torsion balance, Parkhomov, Bogdanovich | |||||
| 4770 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Magnetic Signature of Strange Radiation - Part 2 | YouTube | capacitor battery, electric explosion, foils, water, ball lightning, spectral measurements | A review of the seminal paper by L.I. URUTSKOEV, 2002 at the Kurchatov Institute, Moscow | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJxr3WnLQAc | Urutskoev | ||||||
| 4771 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Magnetic Signature of Strange Radiation - Part 4 | YouTube | July 29, 2020 | Do you want to rely on luck in your research in LENR? Or would you rather know if what you are doing is working and safe? | Strange Radiation, EVs, EVOs, Ball Lightning, Plasmoids | Strange Radiation aka Exotic Vacuum Objects are Able to pass through metal, glass, ceramic, plastic, etc Able to live in metals for days, months, years Not (just) standard neutron, proton, alpha, photon or electrons Promotes beta decay and isotope balancing What materials can stop it: ferromagnetic, such as Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Gadolinium thicknesses charged or grounded What elements enhance the strength of active agents (high NMR active isotopes 1H, 19F, etc What elements activate them - beta isotopes Can be produced in many ways Has a Magnetic and Kinetic moment | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QLJQHqu_KY | |||||
| 4772 | Video | Carat, R., Smith, A., Nygren, D., Childs, M. | 2020 | Interview with Monty Childs, CEO of Aureon Energy | YouTube | Thanks to Curbina for posting about the following video which has been produced by members of the LENR Forum | Childs emphasizes the primacy of experimentation in the field of LENR, and from his own experimentation is convinced that this is a real and vital area of science — not pseudoscience by any means. He also acknowledges how it is difficult to break away from the stigma of 'cold fusion', which has required people working in the field to be very careful with the language they use to describe their work. Overall he is encouraged by progress on various fronts. | https://e-catworld.com/2021/04/01/interview-with-montgomery-childs-lenr-forum-video/ | |||||||
| 4773 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Extreme Interactions | YouTube | 31 March 2021 | natural ball lightning, merging, dividing | Title picture includes a long exposure photo of the trace left by a natural ball lightning as it descends from the sky to the ground, provided by Dmitry Baranov. Review of further experiment video recordings by volunteer DAVE, revealing extreme interactions where tracks influence each other in very short time frames, including merging and dividing. Some observations are similar to those recorded on witness materials by Daviau and later Zhigalov (when observing Parkhomov reactors) of so called, Strange Radiation tracks. | https://youtu.be/ITRsmalbyFc | https://e-catworld.com/2021/03/31/vega-extreme-interactions-bob-greenyer-livestream-today/ | |||||
| 4774 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Track Challenge | YouTube | April 2021 | VEGA, Strange Radiation, Exotic Vacuum Objects, motion, forming, making, breaking | Find a 'Strange Radiation' track in the literature that has not already been explained by VEGA video data and we'll try and get a few examples of Exotic Vacuum Objects, in motion / forming / making & breaking, that explain them. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFpC0d6cYVI | ||||||
| 4775 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Even more extraordinary traces | YouTube | Mar 29, 2021 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8a4tnh9yCco | ||||||||
| 4776 | Website of Interest | Luiz Jaitner | 2019 | The Physics of Condensed Plasmoids and LENR | An informative website by one of the leading LENR researchers and his team. | CP, LENR, history, experiments, vendors, researchers, media, resources, simulator | LENR research was puzzled for a long time by the basic questions: How can nuclei fuse at low temperature, i.e. how can they overcome the Coulomb barrier without having high kinetic energies? Why is the observed excess heat not accompanied with gamma radiation? Why is LENR producing helium-4 from deuterium, whereas d-d hot fusion is mainly producing helium-3, tritium and neutrons? How can LENR be technically optimized for commercial use? To answer these questions, the author has built a quantum-mechanical model of the nuclear active environment in LENR. This environment is an ultra-dense plasmoid, i.e. a "condensed plasmoid". The properties of CPs are so exotic, that CPs qualify as a previously unknown aggregation state of matter. This document is first to describe the properties of CPs, the microscopic evidence of CPs in LENR experiments, how the properties of CPs help explaining a wealth of remarkable findings in LENR experiments, which routes of nuclear reactions could be enabled by CPs, the quantum-mechanical model of CPs, the computational results derived from this model, verifiable predictions derived from the theory on CPs and a technology assessment on potential dangers of LENR. The mechanism, which suppresses gamma radiation in CPs, will also be described in this document. The quantum-mechanical model of CPs is based on the cylindrical symmetry of a very thin (i.e. about 40 pm) plasma "wire". The quantitative properties given here are depending on the configuration of the CP, they are just examples. The electrons of a CP are fully delocalized and decoupled from the nuclei. They are moving with high velocity (10 to 80% of light speed) against the nuclei. This is resulting in an intrinsic current of about to 9 kA in the CPs, with a mean current density of approximately 2.5 A per square picometer. The magnetic field from this current reaches 50 megatesla and creates a confinement pressure of more than 1021 Pa. The electrons are compressed by a z-pinch condition to a mean density of about 0.15 electrons per cubic picometer. The creation of a CP is an endothermic process, which typically requires high voltages and high currents. Once created, CPs enjoy a lifetime, which can extend to hours. This longevity is likely not a result of the CP's stability, but is rather based on a self-sustained feedback of nuclear energy, countering the otherwise inevitable decay of the CP. The minimum distance of hydrogen nuclei in a CP is only about 2 pm, which enables tunnelling through the Coulomb barrier. The barrier is also much screened by the dense electrons. The self-sustained growth of CPs can produce a dangerous and sudden release of nuclear energy, if the reaction rate is not properly fuel-limited. | http://condensed-plasmoids.com/index.html | |||||||
| 4777 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | ULTR - Soliton Impact | YouTube | April 4, 2021 | ULTR, Alan Kusk, soliton, Indium, ultrasonic cleaning, EVO, Strange Radiation | https://youtu.be/L-rAQkU1qLc | http://www.quantumheat.org/index.php/en/home/mfmp-blog/552-ultr-affordable-ultrasonic-driven-transmutation | ||||||
| 4778 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | ULTR - Affordable ultrasonic driven transmutation? | Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project Website | Greenyer, R.W. | 6 Oct, 2019 | Ultrasound, synthesis, Indium, Ohmasa Gas, Project OHMA, transmutation, cavitation, | Ultrasound has been shown to cause synthesis of elements in a range of experiments, such as those conducted by Roger Stringham, LeClaire et. al., Tom Claytor, Cardone and Shuhas Ralkar. During 2019, MFMP volunteers Bob Greenyer and Dr George Egely visited Japan to test the Ohmasa vibration system and 'Ohmasa Gas' as part of 'Project OHMA'. It was suspected that a vibration system, claimed to be able to transmute matter with oscillations around 179Hz, was in fact producing ultrasonics and that this in turn was causing cavitation bubbles that may have been acting at least in part to explain the claimed transmutations. MFMP Volunteer Bob Greenyer had brought some Indium foil as a witness material on the assumption that cavitation was taking place and that Indium foil would be highly susceptible to it. Upon exposure to the vibrations system for 10 mins the 0.3mm Indium foil became stiff and highly marked and on closer inspection revealed strong signs of morphological and spatial transmutations. | http://www.quantumheat.org/index.php/en/home/mfmp-blog/552-ultr-affordable-ultrasonic-driven-transmutation | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-rAQkU1qLc | ||||
| 4779 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Coherent matter travelling waves | YouTube | Over the past months a plethora of evidence has been shared that points to the production of coherent matter and interacting travelling waves which have been demonstrated in a range of easy to replicate and repeatable experiments. Bob Greenyer is now concluding, that as things stand, until the facts change 'Strange Radiation' is caused by coherent matter travelling waves which he argues in this live stream. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynsMW-aCW5Q | ||||||||
| 4780 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Micro Tornadoes and Their Effects | YouTube | Apr 14, 2021 | micro tornadoes, micro ball lightning, EVO, EV | A translation of a 1999 paper by Takaaki Matsumoto directly relates to current observations in ULTR and other experiments. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OGP2ktbHowU | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ws82OTq-NSU&t=804 https://youtu.be/hWT9H8TPJeQ?t=1041 | |||||
| 4781 | Conference Paper | Takaaki, M. | 1999 | Discovery of Micro Tornadoes | Proc. of The Autumn Meeting of Japan Atomic Energy Society, Niigata Inst. of Technol., p. 163, (1999). | Micro Ball Lightning which was generated and controlled during underwater spark discharges was discovered by the nuclear collapse reaction during its transport through wires. | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IJ0i6_9aR9y-mlfWjbRlWNSx9qCN_SHg/view | ||||||||
| 4782 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Ball Lightning and Coherent Nuclear Transmutation - P1 | Apr 17, 2021 | Includes record of live chat. | Evidence is pointing to a common and physically observable mechanism in nuclear transmutation in a wide range of systems operating at different temperatures. This presentation will goes new or unpublished data for the first time and discusses the implications. First there is SEM/EDS data from ULTR aluminium test ‘magnetic particles’ and later four previously unseen ‘O-Day’ slides. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHGwhrPcMks | |||||||
| 4783 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | What is O | Observations of vortex structures in a range of LENR systems were explored, culminating in live demonstrations of a hydrodynamic analogue of how these could be easily investigated. In this presentation, MFMP Volunteer Bob Greenyer will show previously unpublished coherent data across several different and independent experiments that point to a simple to achieve dynamic system that appears to manipulate matter in the most extreme way. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKW9M0kede0&t=69s | |||||||||
| 4784 | Journal Article | Fernandez,F. ,Loske,A. M., Ivlev, B. I. | 2018 | Acoustically driven x-ray emission and matter collapse in lead | 16 Oct, 2018 | Bob Greenyer refers to this paper in his "What is O" video presentation on YouTube | shock waves, x-ray radiation, quantum interference | The action of focused underwater weak shock waves on a lead sample was revealed to be not restricted by a mechanical influence only. A strong unexpected x-ray emission was registered from the lead foil exposed to those shock waves (sound into x-rays) which were extremely adiabatic compared to processes of x-ray generation. The lead foil, exposed to shock waves, lost a part of its area having the shape of a polygonal hole of the size of ∼ 2mm. The missing polygon of lead foil looks as a delicately removed part with no damage at the hole surroundings as it should be after a mechanical breaking. This points to a non-mechanical mechanism of hole formation. That missing polygonal lead matter seems to be 'disappeared' because the total lead volume was reduced by that amount after exposure to acoustic waves (matter collapse). Both paradoxical phenomena cannot be explained by a combination of known effects and a fundamentally new mechanism is required to underlie them. The concept of electron anomalous states, which encouraged the experiments and specified main features of them, is likely that mechanism. | https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.00530.pdf | https://youtu.be/rKW9M0kede0 | |||||
| 4785 | Report | Mettin, R. | 2021 | Bubble structures in acoustic cavitation | Bob Greenyer reviews this, in his "What is O Day" video presentation, cited below | acoustic cavitation | This article is reporting on bubble structures that represent different manifestations of acoustic cavitation. General aspects relevant for structure formation in acoustic cavitation are discussed, and a classification scheme into prototypes is proposed. Characteristics and distributions of bubbles as well as the sound field environments are reviewed for the different cavitation patterns. The study is mainly based on optical and high-speed imaging investigations and is confined to acoustic frequencies of the lower ultrasonic range. | https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.457.1993&rep=rep1&type=pdf | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKW9M0kede0&t=7s | ||||||
| 4786 | Website of Interest | Russell, D.A. | 2000 | Acoustics and Vibration Animations | A very handy collection of animations for all students and researchers of Acoustics and Vibrations | The links below contain animations illustrating acoustics and vibration, waves and oscillation concepts. I started using Mathematica to create animations to help me understand and visualize certain acoustics and vibration phenomena in 1992 while I was a Ph.D. student in the Graduate Program in Acoustics at Penn State. For the next 16 years (1995-2011) I was a physics professor at Kettering University and continued creating animations and using them as educational tools for the courses I was teaching about waves and acoustics. Sometime around 1998 or so I began writing webpages and adding them to this online collection. Now that I'm back at Penn State, teaching graduate level acoustics, I'm continuing to add to my collection of animations. My intent has always been to create physically and mathematically correct animations, accompanied by explanatory text, that illustrate complicated phenomena involving waves and vibration in a manner that aids student understanding. I hope you find these animations useful. | https://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKW9M0kede0&t=7s | |||||||
| 4787 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | SHOCKWAVE | By a correlating growing understanding from multiple experiments showing nuclear collapse, can we develop a trivial system to deal with nuclear waste? | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eB7fV24PUBk | |||||||||
| 4788 | Conference Paper | Marakhtanov, M.K., Okunev, V.S. | 2018 | Physics of the transmutation of stable elements at the collision of macro-objects with regard to high speeds | Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 1115, Issue 5 | IOP Publishing Ltd | collision, bismuth, steel, transmutation, | In experiments on the collision of a bismuth bullet (impactor) with a steel target at velocities of about 1 km/s, the transmutation of a stable isotope of bismuth-209 is observed. At the maximum approach of the nucleus (in the structure of macro-objects: the bullet and the target) are at distances much greater than the radius of action of the nuclear forces. In this case, the protons in the nuclei are mutually repelled by Coulomb forces. As a result, the nuclei are deformed. This deformed state can be associated with a specific excitation energy. Excitation is removed by the emission of a particle or nuclear fragments. The decay of bismuth-209 occurs. There is not one nucleus decaying, the process is of a group (collective) nature. Depending on the collision velocity, different decay channels can be realized, including the cluster decay 209Bi→198Pt+11B. Two mechanisms of cluster decay are proposed: the formation of a light cluster of quasi-free neutrons and the direct decay of 209Bi into clusters. | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1115/5/052020 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1115/5/052020 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eB7fV24PUBk | |||||
| 4789 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2019 | The 'water spark plug' could be a good way to study Strange Radiation and charge metals for LENR | Steemit | water spark plug, strange radiation, LENR, ball lightning, Active Agents, Exotic Vacuum Objects, Kenneth Shoulders | In the first video, you can see a fully described circuit that is apparently producing ball-lightning like discharges and where there is ball-lightning, there is also likely the whole range of Strange Radiation (SR) and Active Agents (AA) that Kenneth Shoulders collectively called Exotic Vacuum Objects (EVOs). This is achieved, it would appear, by reducing the discharge time of a capacitor to a minimum though the use of a high power diode. Now, whilst the circuit is more complex than Alexander Parkhomov's 'Woodpecker' it may be able to be modified in a range of ways enabling improved operation, though it would still suffer from electrode erosion which the 'Woodpecker' compensates for by dropping the electrode to full contact on each cycle. Alexanders circuit is flexible in forward current and because the electrode is moving it is sweeping the parameter space on each stroke. | https://steemit.com/steemstem/@mfmp/the-water-spark-plug-could-be-a-good-way-to-study-strange-radiation-and-charge-metals-for-lenr | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eB7fV24PUBk | ||||||
| 4790 | All | Pearle, M.,S. | 2021 | Shock-Wave Lithotripsy for Renal Calculi | The New England Journal of Medicine | shock-wave, spark plug | A 42-year-old man presents with a symptomatic kidney stone 12 mm in diameter. Treatment with extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy is recommended. Lithotripsy creates fluid shock waves that are transmitted through the body to cause fragmentation of kidney stones. | DOI: 10.1056/NEJMct1103074 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMct1103074?query=recirc_inIssue_bottom_article | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eB7fV24PUBk | ||||||
| 4791 | Video | Kovacs, A., Parkhomov, A., Klimov, A.I., Kovacs, A. | 2021 | Kovacs Parkhomov Klimov discussion in English and Russian | Webinar No. 13 of the winter-spring 2021 session of the Klimov-Zatelepin seminar. | MFMP | Apr 23, 2021 | Webinar No. 13 of the winter-spring 2021 session of the Klimov-Zatelepin seminar held on April 21, 2021 (Wednesday) between 16:00 and 18:00 Moscow time. A. Kovacs - presented experiments on a reactor with a Ni + Cu + Li working fluid (no hydrogen). Excessive heat, radiation in the radio range and episodic temperature jumps were recorded. The "penetration" of the refractory material of the double reactor capsule (molybdenum and stainless steel) was recorded at a temperature much lower than the melting temperature. Parkhomov A.G. - flashes of fluctuating temperature changes accompany all experiments with Ni + H reactors. The sharp low-frequency drops in the reactor temperature are especially interesting. A.I. Klimov - for assessing the cold fusion processes, he proposed to take into account the formation mechanism of "left" electromagnetic waves. "Annihilation" of normal electromagnetic waves and "left" waves can explain the sharp decrease in temperature when the working medium leaves the plasma-vortex reactor | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn_wiDWwXWQ&t=28s | ||||||
| 4792 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Something-electric - PART 1 | piezo | VEGA and other experiments, in the context of historical and contemporary findings, point to a means by which the process of forming coherent matter may be used to do work effortlessly, including the direct production of electricity. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNeRELjfmaQ | ||||||||
| 4793 | Video | Tanzella, F. Carat, R., Hottwarth, M. | 2021 | Meet Francis Tanzella LENR Heat Technology | MEET FRANCIS TANZELLA interview just published! Great news for our members and readers. We had the honor of interviewing Francis Tanzella, one of the "household" names in the LENR field, and who has been working in many of the research teams that have been able to successfully replicate the results of Fleischmann and Pons, and has met and worked with many of the greatest minds behind the development of Cold Fusion LENR, and beyond. Francis Tanzella is a Chemist and Principle Scientist with the Energy Research Center in Northern California. He first confirmed the Fleischmann and Pons Anomalous Heat Effect at SRI International's lab in Menlo Park, California in 1989. There, along with a team led by Michael McKubre, he correlated the excess heat generated in palladium-deuterium cells to the amount of helium produced by the cell, among other LENR discoveries. Frank Tanzella has also evaluated and tested the Brillouin Hot-Tube energy generator now in development by Brillouin Energy Corporation and continues to evaluate various technologies vying to find the recipe to clean energy from the hydrogen in water. Image Caption: Francis Tanzella, as portrayed by Matt Hottwarth in "Discover Cold Fusion" by Ruby Carat and Matt Hottwarth, Curtiss Press (visit the forum Newsletter to see the image here: https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/6578-the-newsletter-posting-thread-please-no-comments/). In this interview Francis updates us about how things are going on Brillouin Energy and the fascinating engineering challenges that represents turning Brillouin's Intellectual Property into a commercializable device, while still not having a deep understanding of the theoretical aspects and finding ways to create the very specific conditions in which the reaction works. We also get to know a brief glimpse about other projects he is involved in, within LENR and outside the field. We then get a peek into the personal side, the fascinating characters he has had the honor to meet in all these 32 years, and the friendships that he has forged, how he cultivates them, and how he has managed to take part and be a key member of many of the most successfull LENR projects and teams with people from all around the world. We hope you enjoy this interview and get this important first hand update, about one of the companies that is probably closer to become the first one to put a LENR device in the market. Godspeed, Francis, we loved interviewing you and hope to have you again back soon with great news!!! You can watch the interview in the following link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4AsilyIa-YY and remember to take part in the discussion of our MEET THE EXPERIMENTER SERIES Here: https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/6569-meet-the-experimenters-interviews-with-notable-scientists/ Until the next one! The LENR-FORUM Staff. | Brillouin Energy, Robert Godes | Francis Tanzella is a Chemist and Principle Scientist with the Energy Research Center in Northern California. He first confirmed the Fleischmann and Pons Anomalous Heat Effect at SRI International's lab in Menlo Park, California in 1989. There, along with a team led by Michael McKubre, he correlated the excess heat generated in palladium-deuterium cells to the amount of helium produced by the cell, among other LENR discoveries. Fran Tanzella has also evaluated and tested the Brillouin Hot-Tube energy generator now in development by Brillouin Energy Corporation and continues to evaluate various technologies vying to find the recipe to clean energy from the hydrogen in water. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4AsilyIa-YY | http://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/ | ||||||
| 4794 | Website of Interest | Rossi, A. | 2021 | FAQ Ecat SKLed | Leonardo Corporation, 1331 Lincoln Road, Miami Beach, Florida 33139, USA | "Ecat SKLed: Simply the most energy- efficient lamp ever made Consumes less than 10 percent of any other lamp in the world. Less energy. Less CO2. Less money." | FAQ, EcatSKLed | Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about the latest version of the Ecat - the EcatSKLed | https://ecat.com/faq | https://ecat.com https://e-catworld.com/2021/04/25/ecat-com-faq-technology-is-based-on-an-innovative-way-to-control-the-physics-of-the-electron/ | |||||
| 4795 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Hutchsion Effect - No Coincidence | The MFMP Hutchison samples continue to show that what John was doing was creating the technological equivalent of natural ball lightning which appears to be a coherent matter phenomena. We shall discuss a unique observation of his based on a discovery made over 345 years ago, in context with the work of Takaaki Matsumoto and other work from the 1950s. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=634O7hLkGPU | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barometric_light | ||||||||
| 4796 | Journal Article | Lee, W., Gheorghe, A.H., Tiurev, K., Ollikainen, T. Mottoten, M. Hall, D.S. | 2018 | Synthetic electromagnetic knot in a three-dimensional skyrmion | Science Journals — AAAS | 2 March 2018 | Shankar skyrmion, knot, synthetic, ball lightning, Bose-Einstein Condensate, | Classical electromagnetism and quantum mechanics are both central to the modern understanding of the physical world and its ongoing technological development. Quantum simulations of electromagnetic forces have the potential to provide information about materials and systems that do not have conveniently solvable theoretical descriptions, such as those related to quantum Hall physics, or that have not been physically observed, such as magnetic monopoles. However, quantum simulations that simultaneously implement all of the principal features of classical electromagnetism have thus far proved elusive. We experimentally realize a simulation in which a charged quantum particle interacts with the knotted electromagnetic fields peculiar to a topological model of ball lightning. These phenomena are induced by precise spatiotemporal control of the spin field of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, simultaneously creating a Shankar skyrmion—a topological excitation that was theoretically predicted four decades ago but never before observed experimentally. Our results reveal the versatile capabilities of synthetic electromagnetism and provide the first experimental images of topological three-dimensional skyrmions in a quantum system. | https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/advances/4/3/eaao3820.full.pdf | ||||||
| 4797 | Website of Interest | 2015 | UCLA Putterman Research Group | Sonofusion, Crystallic Fusion, Turbulence, Triboelectrifcation | Mysteries of Energy Focusing Phenomena We study the fate of energy that is injected into a system so as to push it far from equilibrium. A sound wave passing through a fluid can create a bubble that pulsates so strongly that it becomes a dense plasma that emits flashes of light only trillionths of a second long. When “Scotch” tape is peeled from its roll in a dark closet, a mysterious glow can be seen. Somehow the force of peeling a complex network of polymers generates a charge separation, which then organizes to create a discharge and emit photons with energies that can extend into the x-ray portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. When a ferroelectric crystal such as Lithium Niobate is heated, the ions move ever so slightly relative to their electron clouds to create massive electric fields that are capable of generating nuclear fusion in a system the size of a walnut. In these off-equilibrium systems, nonlinear processes dominate the motion. Although entropy always increases in all these phenomena, the second law of thermodynamics gives little guidance in understanding how they work. As you marvel at the wide range of phenomena on this web page, please wonder whether there is a new guiding principle which explains why so many different off-equilibrium systems like to concentrate energy density. The limits of energy focusing that can be achieved off-equilibrium are not known. Can a similar multi-scale system someday be used as a fusion reactor? | http://acoustics-research.physics.ucla.edu/ | |||||||||
| 4798 | Patent | Omasa, R. | 2018 | A method for converting elements such as Calcium, Copper, Magnesium and Cesium into more useful elements and a method for making radioactive substances harmless by applying this element conversion method | US Patent Office | USPO | Tokyo, Japan | Jan 11, 2018 | Mr Ohmasa's Key Patent and one that could be used to remediate the tritiated water produced by the Fukushima reactor disaster. | vibrating stirrer, high frequency, palladium, platinum, heavy water, tritium | The method according to the present invention comprises using a high frequency vibrating stirrer that is confirmed to include a treatment tank, a high frequency vibrating motor fixed to a table positioned above the treatment tank and coupled to the table and multistage vibrating blades mounted on he lower parts of the vibrating rods and surface plated with palladium or platinum serving as a catalyst in element transmutation, characterized in that the high frequency vibrating motor is controlled by an inverter so as to vibrated the multistage vibrating blades at a frequency of 100-170 Hz in a aqueous solution containing an element to be transmuted in the treatment tank thereby transmuting the element in the aqueous solution into another element. BY adding heavy water to the solution to be treated, the transmutation efficiency can be elevated. By adding tritium water with an appropriate concentration as a substituted for the heavy water, the element transmutation can be completed within a short period of time and at the same time the tritium water that is seemingly the man cause of radioactive contamination can effectively be utilized and the radioactivity thereof can be attenuated or detoxified. | http://www.rexresearch.com/ohmasa/US2018012673ohmasa.pdf | https://e-catworld.com/2019/06/16/mfmp-video-ohmasa-vibration-technology-first-look-and-demonstration/ | ||
| 4799 | Journal Article | Wheeler, J.A. | 1954 | Geons | Physical Review, Volume 97, Number 2 | Palmer Physical Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey | September 8, 1954 | Geons, gravitational-electromagnetic entities, | Associated with an electromagnetic disturbance is a mass, the gravitational attraction of which under appropriate circumstances is capable of holding the disturbance together for a time long in comparison with the characteristic periods of the system. Such gravitational-electromagnetic entities, or "geons"; are analyzed via classical relativity theory. They furnish for the first time a completely classical, divergence-free, self-consistent picture of the Newtonian concept of body over the range of masses from ~103'g to 10'7 g. Smaller geons are quantum objects whose analysis would call for the treatment of characteristic new effects. Topics covered in the discussion include: 1. Need for a self-consistent formulation of the concept of "body" in classical physics; geons vs free waves; electrical neutrality of geon; size and mass relations; the quantum limit and electron pair phenomena. 2. Orders of magnitude for toroidal geons; first estimates of leakage rates; a "phosphor" model of a geon; attrition and attritivity; energy action relation. 3. Idealized spherical geon; conditions required for symmetry; instability relative to pairing of light rays; time scale of instability long compared to vibration periods; spherical metric; wave equation for electromagnetic potential; evaluation of stress-energy tensor; its position as source of gravitation field; the gravitational field equations; the three equations of the self-consistent geon; simplification by scale transformation; first analysis of the eigenvalue problem; further scale transformation to get behavior of solution in active region of geon; further analysis of eigenvalue dependence; electronic calculator integration of equations of self-consistent geon; mass and radius values. 4. Transformations and interactions of electromagnetic geons; evaluation of refractive index barrier penetration integral for spherical geon; photon-photon collision processes as additional mechanism for escape of energy from system; restatement in language of coupling of characteristic modes; the thermal geon; comparison of gravitation and virtual electron pair phenomena as sources of coupling between modes; gravitational coupling and collective vibrations of geon; fission of a geon; interaction between two geons simple at large distances; orientation dependence and exponential term at intermediate distances; violent transmutation processes in closer encounters. 5. Influence of virtual pairs on geon structure; description in terms of refractive index correction; relation to photon-photon collision picture; more precise formulation via Heisenberg-Euler electrodynamics; corrections to stress-energy tensor and electromagnetic field equations. 6. Neutrino-containing geons; general similarity to electromagnetic geons; specificity of geon-geon interactions; the size subject to simple analysis unexpectedly limited by neutrino-neutrino encounters and the process v+v—>+p+e; similarity of size limitation to that for electromagnetic geons; comments on present status of neutrino theory of light. 7. Electricity, Gauss's theorem, and gravitational field fluctuations. 8. Conclusions: The geon completes the scheme of classical physics; one's interest in following geons into quantum domain will depend upon one's view of the relation between very small geons and elementary particles. | https://blackholes.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/gritting/pdf/gravity_and_general_relativity/Wheeler_Geons.pdf | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=634O7hLkGPU | ||||
| 4800 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | A clue to: Hacking The Neutrino Universe | MFMP | Sep 23, 2020 | Links to resources discussed in the presentation here: Boyd Bushman On Antigravity https://youtu.be/XU7F1H6EzYs Faraday, Lenz, & Newton's Nightmare http://www.4physics.com/phy_demo/Newt... Boyd Bushman Magnetic Beam https://youtu.be/eFSnfwfs-kc Patent https://www.google.com/patents/US5929732 AG Patent https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2... SPACE. EARTH. HUMAN. https://www.amazon.com/dp/B082S5KJYV | In the late 1950s, a Japanese scientist first proposed that neutrinos might have a relationship with gravity other than being affected by them. More recently Scientists at CERN had discussed how relic neutrinos could account for gravity. It has been observed by many LENR researchers that there is some form of magnetic particles that are produced during LENR reactions and that these can cause beta isotopes to change their decay rates. Other researchers have observed in the 1950s and 1980s/90s that, during 3 body alignments, there is a sideways force recorded when under the path of the eclipse, in the latter case, at the same time, beta isotope decay rates of 87Rb and 137Cs in atomic clocks was observed to change. This indicates a modification of the rate of cold neutrino interactions with matter. We have discussed many of these experiments on this channel and there will be videos linked at the end of the presentation as jumping off points to explore that research. This video highlights the testimony of a former senior scientist at a major arms manufacture that connects the Hutchison Effect, Gravity, novel magnet configurations, field interactions, introduces a patent that claims to be able to both modify decay rates and provide a counter gravity effect and the Neutrino Universe, directly connecting it to means to extract energy densities beyond nuclear. A novel experiment is conducted in the video that raises questions for the viewers consideration. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_8Nsas5eY0 | ||||||
| 4801 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | ULTR - 2nd May Update | Many people have started to try their hand at ULTR (and SHOCKWAVE) inspired experiments. Let's have a discussion about some of the data coming in. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GcOKgsABJts&t=16s | |||||||||
| 4802 | Website of Interest | Greenyer, R.W. | 2017 | Steemit - MFMP | Steemit | MFMP, LENR | Bob Greenyer's collection of articles, from an MFMP perspective, about LENR and related topics from 2017 - 2020. Many of these articles have been or will be allocated their own individual entries in the 'LENR_Events' database. Bob's current collection is the RemoteView set at https://remoteview.substack.com/ | https://steemit.com/@mfmp | |||||||
| 4803 | Journal Article | Greenyer, R.W. | 2018 | Making GOLD - Were alchemists right all along? | Steemit@mfmp | Steemit | Updated sets of the Parkhomov Tables and associated software can be found at www.nanosoft.co.nz | LENR, New Fire, transmutation, alchemy, Parkhomov Tables | In the emerging field of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR), also called the “New Fire”, there are often observations of element isotopes becoming other element isotopes, a process known as transmutation. Often detractors of this technology wheel out derisive commentary saying that it is impossible and akin to alchemy, because everyone ‘knows’ that alchemy is nonsense and by drawing the comparison, the challenger is inferring that LENR is also nonsense. The reality is that transmutation occurs all the time in nature, radioactive decay causes transmutations, it is what happens in a banana when some of its potassium decays, mostly to calcium. The decay of a specific type of carbon to nitrogen is how ‘carbon dating’ is done. | https://steemit.com/steemstem/@mfmp/making-gold-were-alchemists-right-all-along | |||||
| 4804 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Ball Lightning and Coherent Nuclear Transmutation - P2 | YouTube | May 10, 2021 | Following the live stream, John Hutchison uploaded this video showing the larger part that the ‘Fracture’ sample came from. https://youtu.be/6DsnAg0cRXo | Electro-Nuclear Collapse, Electro-Nuclear Regeneration | In the second part of Ball Lightning and Coherent Nuclear Transmutation, Bob takes a deep look at areas on the MFMP’s Hutchison sample 4 - ‘Fracture’. They tell a story in breath-taking detail. He discusses if what it’s showing us, implies ball lightning like ‘monopole’ driven unification of the forces and resulting element synthesis by way of coherent matter wave interference and nuclear regeneration. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8JY9_TtXuaE | |||||
| 4805 | Video | Hutchison, J. | 2021 | Hutchison effect metal samples that sold on eBay for Bob | Following Bob's live stream of "Ball Lightning and Coherent Nuclear Transmutation - P2", John Hutchison uploaded this video showing the larger part that the ‘Fracture’ sample came from. The analyses of some of these are https://www.slideshare.net/johnkhutchison/jh-aluminum-sample-edx122310-20101223. John Hutchison comments to Bob's thank-you note (edited but subject to further correction): You're welcome, Bob - most of these were done in the big lab the East Hastings Street in Vancouver where Jack Houck filmed and Canadian Government rep Alex Pezaro's wife would make a dinner for us. Alex was prepared to take chances and took some of the samples. Years later, I moved to 13 and Kingsway with new partners Alex and George Liscazis. George was almost killed when an X-Ray transformer weighing 1500 pounds flew off a truck. Then there was the British Columbia Supreme Court case and all kinds of weird stuff that went on while I was in Germany. Then the whole lab was taken to Surrey, BC by the Canadian government. They tried to keep it secret but it made headline news. I have those newspapers, as the lawyers sent them to Kowoski and company in Gazda hired and Peter Kokoshinegg. Alex describes all this in detail in recent emails then on the rebuild (using equipment surplus to old warships) was successful but caused local authorities to close it down as the effects where going through the entire town of New Westminster. It all sounds nutty but it was documented by engineers and the news media. I agreed, as the effects in my opinion are dangerous to others. I had a few scary encounters myself. I think George Hathaway said he had a headache, Alex Pezaro had no issues but George Liscazis went insane - hence the Supreme Court case. In my opinion, Alex was OK. Anyway, thanks Bob. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DsnAg0cRXo | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8JY9_TtXuaE | John Hutchison's own Video and comments | |||||||
| 4806 | Journal Article | Anon | 2021 | Scientists catch exciting magnetic waves in action in the Sun's photosphere | Physics News | Queen Mary, University of London | Alfven Waves, magnetic plasma, photosphere, flux tubes | Researchers have confirmed the existence of magnetic plasma waves, known as Alfvén waves, in the Sun's photosphere. The study, published in Nature Astronomy, provides new insights into these fascinating waves that were first discovered by the Nobel Prize winning scientist Hannes Alfvén in 1947. The vast potential of these waves resides in their ability to transport energy and information over very large distances due to their purely magnetic nature. The direct discovery of these waves in the solar photosphere, the lowest layer of the solar atmosphere, is the first step towards exploiting the properties of these magnetic waves. The ability for Alfvén waves to carry energy is also of interest for solar and plasma-astrophysics as it could help explain the extreme heating of the solar atmosphere—a mystery that has been unsolved for over a century. | https://phys.org/news/2021-05-scientists-magnetic-action-sun-photosphere.html | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41550-021-01354-8 | |||||
| 4807 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Vortex-like patterns and eddy currents in Electro-Nuclear Collapse | Matsumoto, Electro-Nuclear Collapse, Soiln, Vortices | In 1997, Takaaki Matsumoto conducted some simple and quick experiments, which after lengthy analysis produced a wide array of detailed evidence of Electro-Nuclear Collapse reactions. These images were personally shared at ICCF-7, Vancouver, in 1998. A few of these images are discussed in this presentation showing features similar to those observed in Russia by Solin well before and more recently by the MFMP in a range of experiments conducted both in house and by third parties. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-2rM02ufbho&feature=emb_imp_woyt https://drive.google.com/file/d/1K-FZUB1On2mchHTGXQp7EE82P8qbkW9J/view?usp=sharing | ||||||||
| 4808 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Tree of life - part 1 Exotic Vacuum Objects at work | May 24, 2021 | Matsumoto, Carbon synthesis, Exotic Vacuum Objects, ICCF-7 | In this presentation, we looked at more of Takaaki Matsumoto's data that he shared by hand at ICCF-7 in Vancouver, 1998 which explains why, in 2001, he could be so certain he was synthesising carbon. Other data from other authors were also discussed. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/tree-of-life-part-1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Dq-NHIuvAc&feature=emb_imp_woyt | |||||||
| 4809 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Tree of life - Exotic Vacuum Objects at work - Part 2 | YouTube | March 31, 2021 | Matsumoto, Stankovic, Ohmasa gas | In this presentation, Bob compares Takaaki Matsumoto's data that he shared by hand at ICCF-7 in Vancouver, 1998 with data from MFMP analysis of Ohmasa gas treated materials and work by Slobodan Stankovic. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCmct6gXk8s | ||||||
| 4810 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Coherent matter and beams thereof for radionuclide remediation Exotic Vacuum Objects at work | YouTube | Jun-06-2021 | Bob mostly discusses ideas for a proposal to separate tritium from the contaminated water resulting from the Fukushima Reactor Disaster in 2011 | Coherent Matter, Tritiated Water, Remediation, Fukushima, Browns Gas, Ohmasa Gas, Mondaini, Parkhomov Reaction Tables | A discussion on how coherent matter came to be considered and how it may be formed with a view to remediation of nuclear waste. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9IhQRW4G0s | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=At2hUvA_-cI&t=1508s (Yull Brown Radiation Remediation) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TEceEHgaXoU&t=1609s (Cold Fusion Reactions by Renzo Mondaini) youtu.be/loG8QgaYsCl?t=465 (hypodermic needle plasmoid generator) https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/006003738/publication/US4190507A?q=pn%3DUS4190507A (Expired Patent for 'Process for concentrating tritium and/or tritium hydride and separating it from tritium water') | ||||
| 4811 | Website of Interest | Anon | 2013 | Fukushima Mon Amour | Compilation by Rex Research | radioactivity, nuclear waste | 70 methods to reduce the radioactivity of Nuclear Waste | http://www.rexresearch.com/fukushimamour/fukushima.htm | |||||||
| 4812 | Report | Davis, E.W. | 2003 | Ball Lightning Study | The Black Vault | AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY AIR FORCE MATERIEL COMMAND EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE CA 93524-7048 | May 2003 | ball lightning; Nachamkin model; microwave, plasmoid resonance, axially symmetric; force-free, atmospheric maser caviton, electromagnetic vortex plasmoids | This study was tasked with the purpose of conducting a major literature review of the ball lightning phenomenon to explore the observations, experimental tests, and theories. The best ideas and tests were segregated for further analysis and are summarized in this report. A combined bibliography of references was assembled and is presented. The focus of this study was to review and analyze the axially symmetric force-free time-harmonic plasmoid model developed by Nachamkin (1992) for a previous Air Force Research Laboratory study. The intent of the Nachamkin model was to bring together a unique blend of properties proposed by investigators exploring the genre of microwave plasmoid resonance ball lightning models. The main goal of this study is to evaluate and propose experiments to demonstrate the generation of axially symmetric force-free plasmoid ball lightning in the laboratory. Two key experiments were identified and discussed in the report with enough detail to form the basis of future research proposals. An investigation was also conducted into additional promising theories and experiments that might lead to generating ball lightning plasmoids in the lab. Three alternative ball lightning concepts similar to axially symmetric force-free time-harmonic plasmoids were identified and evaluated for their experimental potential, and are described in the report in detail as proposed experiments. The first new concept is the atmospheric maser caviton, the second concept is based on electromagnetic vortex plasmoids generated by micro-discharge devices and sustained by quantum vacuum energy, and the third concept is a-------------------------------------program the Air Force funded in the 1950s-60s. | https://documents2.theblackvault.com/documents/usaf/AFRL_2002-0039_Ball_Lightning_Study.pdf | |||||
| 4813 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2018 | Why did a proven technology to remediate nuclear waste get blocked? | Steemit | Greenyer, R.W. | MFMP | David Yurth, Ken Shoulders, Fukushima, remediation, EVO, HDCC | A US citizen discovered a brilliant technology that was independently proved over 11 years and confirmed by the US Department of Energy that could play a pivotal role in solving existential risks to the planet like climate change (by enabling fission to be used without resulting in waste) or the poisoning of the Earth by Fukushima - so why would the US government, happy to support technologies that make weapons, not permit this technology to be developed for peaceful purposes? This is a partial transcript of a clearly exasperated David Yurth describing the challenges facing researchers in the US. | https://steemit.com/steemstem/@mfmp/why-did-a-proven-technology-to-remediate-nuclear-waste-get-blocked | |||||
| 4814 | Journal Article | Tanzella, F., Godes, R., Liu, J., George, R. | 2020 | Mass and Heat Flow Calorimetry in Brillouin’s Reactor | Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | Excess energy, Hydrogen gas, Nickel, Pulse stimulation, System identification | Brillouin Energy (BEC) has continued performing calorimetry measurements on the metal (e.g. Ni)/ceramic/Cu coated ceramic tube (catalyst) in a H2 atmosphere with nanosecond pulses applied across the coatings. The Energy Research Center (ERC) has been examining and verifying BEC’s calorimetry for over 18 months since 2 of the calorimeters have been moved from SRI International to BEC’s laboratory. We have continued our testing of new materials, material fabrication techniques, and electrical stimulation methods to produce excess power and energy output. By applying fast pulses of several hundred volts and tens of nanoseconds long, the current follows the “skin-effect” principle and is concentrated at the outer metal–ceramic interface but returns through the bulk of the Cu. Two stimulation methods were used – steady-state and dynamic. In the steady-state method, the pulse power is measured directly using fast oscilloscopes that record the voltage across the catalyst and a shunt resistor in series with the catalyst. The resistance of the shunt resistor is measured accurately under DC and pulse conditions. The input pulse power is determined by multiplying the calculated root-mean-square voltage and current and recorded every 10 s. Using a version of the system identification (SI) heat-flow model designed specifically for the BEC calorimeter, the power reaching the five temperature sensors is determined during simultaneous continuous ramps of both heater and pulse powers. The power emanating from the catalyst is determined during sequences of less frequent, longer duration, low voltage pulses (LVP) and compared to that found using more frequent, shorter duration, high voltage pulses (HVP). The power determined during the less frequent LVP is set as the input power during that sequence. The power of the stimulation pulses during the more frequent HVP sequences is maintained equal to that during the less frequent LVP. Then the calculated power output from the tube is divided by that calculated during the reference sequences, giving a so-called coefficient of performance (COP). We have also used mass flow calorimetry to determine COP. Low voltage, long pulses are chosen to match the input power from high voltage, short pulses. The low voltage pulses are not thought to stimulate LENR, while the high voltage pulses are. This provides a method to compare matching input power under conditions that stimulate LENR with conditions that do not. Any excess heat detected from the high voltage pulse condition is considered to be generated by LENR rather than resistive heating. | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol33.pdf#page=39 | |||||||
| 4815 | Journal Article | Aizawa H., K. Mita K., et al. | 2014 | Detecting Energetic Charged Particles in D2O and H2O Electrolysis Using a Simple Arrangement of Cathode and CR-39 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=16 | |||||||
| 4816 | Journal Article | Bazhutov Y., Belousova E.O., et al. | 2014 | Investigation of Radiation Effects in Loading Ni, Be and LaNi5 by Hydrogen | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=29 | |||||||
| 4817 | Journal Article | Bazhutov Yu. N., Gerasimova A. I., et al. | 2016 | Calorimetric and Radiation Diagnostics of Water Solutions Under Intense Light Irradiation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol19.pdf#page=18 | |||||||
| 4818 | Journal Article | Celani F., Marano E.F., et al. | 2014 | Cu-Ni-Mn AlloyWires, with Improved Sub-micrometric Surfaces | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=66 | |||||||
| 4819 | Journal Article | Christianto V., Umniyati Y., et al. | 2017 | On a Plausible Role of Classical Electromagnetic Theory and Submicroscopic Physics to understand and Enhance Low Energy Nuclear Reaction: A Preliminary Review | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol22.pdf#page=32 | |||||||
| 4820 | Journal Article | Didyk A. Yu., Wisniewski R. | 2014 | Changes Observed in the Elemental Composition of Palladium and Rhenium Specimens Irradiated in Dense Deuterium by gamma quanta with Boundary of Energy 23 MeV | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=99 | |||||||
| 4821 | Journal Article | Dominguez D. D., Moser A. E., et al. | 2014 | Evidence for Excess Energy in Fleischmann-Pons-Type Electrochemical Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol14.pdf#page=21 | |||||||
| 4822 | Journal Article | Dufour J. | 2007 | Very Sizeable Increase of Gravitation at Picometer Distance: A Novel Working Hypothesis. | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol1.pdf#page=53 | |||||||
| 4823 | Journal Article | Fisher J. C. | 2007 | Palladium Fusion Triggered by Polyneutrons | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol1.pdf#page=7 | |||||||
| 4824 | Journal Article | Frisone F. | 2007 | Tunneling Effect Enhanced by Lattice Screening as Main Cold Fusion Mechanism: A Brief Theoretical Overview | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol1.pdf#page=22 | |||||||
| 4825 | Journal Article | Frisone F. | 2015 | Nuclear Exothermic Reactions in Lattices: A Theoretical Study of D-D Reaction | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol17.pdf#page=32 | |||||||
| 4826 | Journal Article | Hagelstein P. | 2018 | Calculation of the Boosted Spin-orbit Contribution to the Phonon-Nuclear Coupling Matrix Element for 181Ta | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol29.pdf#page=401 | |||||||
| 4827 | Journal Article | Hagelstein P. L. | 2010 | Neutron Yield for Energetic Deuterons in PdD and in D2 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf#page=41 | |||||||
| 4828 | Journal Article | Hagelstein P. L. | 2010 | Secondary Neutron Yield in the Presence of Energetic Alpha Particles in PdD | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf#page=47 | |||||||
| 4829 | Journal Article | Hora H., Miley G., et al. | 2014 | Bose-Einstein Condensation and Inverted Rydberg States in Ultra-high Density Deuterium Clusters Related to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=244 | |||||||
| 4830 | Journal Article | Kitamura A., Miyoshi Y., et al. | 2011 | Time-resolved Measurements of Loading Ratios and Heat Evolution in D2 (and H2)-Pd | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol5.pdf#page=48 | |||||||
| 4831 | Journal Article | Kovacs A., Brown D., et al. | 2017 | Exothermic Reactions in the Partially Molten Li-Ni-Cu Alloy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol25.pdf#page=165 | |||||||
| 4832 | Journal Article | Lakshmanan A. | 2012 | Excess Energy Release During Na Metal Dissolution in a Dilute Epsom (MgSO4 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 9 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol9.pdf#page=69 | |||||||
| 4833 | Journal Article | Lewis E. | 2012 | Errata and More Evidence of Microscopic Ball Lightning (Plasmoids) in CF Devices | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 7 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol7.pdf#page=13 | |||||||
| 4834 | Journal Article | Li X. Z. | 2007 | The Conjecture of the Neutrino Emission from Metal Hydrides | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol1.pdf#page=17 | |||||||
| 4835 | Journal Article | Li X. Z., Dong Z. M., et al. | 2017 | Hydrogen-lithium Low Energy Resonant Electron-capture and Bethe's Solar Energy Model | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 25 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol25.pdf#page=187 | |||||||
| 4836 | Journal Article | Liang C. L., Dong Z. M., et al. | 2016 | Lithium - An Important Additive in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol19.pdf#page=172 | |||||||
| 4837 | Journal Article | Luo N., Miley G. H. | 2012 | First-principles Studies of Electronic and Ionic Transport in Palladium Hydrides/ Deuterides | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol6.pdf#page=250 | |||||||
| 4838 | Journal Article | McCarthy W. H. | 2015 | Water-free Replication of Pons-Fleischmann LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol15.pdf#page=263 | |||||||
| 4839 | Journal Article | McKubre M. | 2014 | Calorimetric Studies of the Destructive Stimulation of Palladium and Nickel FineWires | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=347 | |||||||
| 4840 | Journal Article | McKubre M.C.H. | 2016 | Cold Fusion - CMNS - LENR; Past, Present and Projected Future Status | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol19.pdf#page=191 | |||||||
| 4841 | Journal Article | McKubre M.C.H. | 2017 | CMNS Research - Past, Present and Future | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol24.pdf#page=28 | |||||||
| 4842 | Journal Article | Metzler F., Hagelstein P.L., et al. | 2017 | Developing Phonon-Nuclear Coupling Experiments with Vibrating Plates and Radiation Detectors | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol24.pdf#page=111 | |||||||
| 4843 | Journal Article | Meulenberg A., Paillet J. L. | 2017 | Implications of the Electron Deep Orbits for Cold Fusion and Physics - Deep-orbit-electron Models in LENR: Present and Future | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol24.pdf#page=227 | |||||||
| 4844 | Journal Article | Meulenberg A., Paillet J. L. | 2017 | Physical Reasons for Accepting the Deep-Dirac Levels- Physical Reality vs Mathematical Models in LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol24.pdf#page=243 | |||||||
| 4845 | Journal Article | Miles M. | 2014 | Conventional Nuclear Theory of Low-energy Nuclear Reactions in Examples of Isoperibolic Calorimetry in the Cold Fusion Controversy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=402 | |||||||
| 4846 | Journal Article | Miles M.H. | 2017 | The Fleischmann-Pons Calorimetric Methods, Equations and New Applications | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol24.pdf#page=14 | |||||||
| 4847 | Journal Article | Miley G., Yang X., et al. | 2014 | Use of D/H Clusters in LENR and Recent Results from Gas-Loaded Nanoparticle-type Clusters | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=421 | |||||||
| 4848 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss P. A., Forsley L. P. G., et al. | 2010 | Comments on Codeposition Electrolysis Results: A Response to Kowalski | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf#page=10 | |||||||
| 4849 | Journal Article | Mosier-Boss P. A. | 2014 | It is Not Low Energy - But it is Nuclear | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=442 | |||||||
| 4850 | Journal Article | Naitoh K., Tuschiya J. | 2017 | Fundamental Experimental Tests toward Future Cold Fusion Engine Based on Pointcompression due to Supermulti-jets Colliding with Pulse (Fusine) | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol24.pdf#page=249 | |||||||
| 4851 | Journal Article | Oriani R. A. | 2012 | Nuclear Particles Generated by Electrolysis - a Review | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol6.pdf#page=117 | |||||||
| 4852 | Journal Article | Park S., Gordon F. | 2014 | Cold Fusion - from the Laboratory to the World. Setting the Stage for ICCF-17 | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=11 | |||||||
| 4853 | Journal Article | Passel T. | 2015 | The Case for Deuteron Stripping with Metal Nuclei as the Source of the Fleischmann-Pons Excess Heat Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol15.pdf#page=295 | |||||||
| 4854 | Journal Article | Plekhanov V. G. | 2018 | A Possible Signature of Neutron Quarks - Leptons via Gluon Interaction in Solids | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 29 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol29.pdf#page=512 | |||||||
| 4855 | Journal Article | Rajeev K.P., Gaur D. | 2017 | Evidence for Nuclear Transmutations in Ni-H Electrolysis | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 24 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol24.pdf#page=291 | |||||||
| 4856 | Journal Article | Ritchie B. | 2013 | Neutrino Equation of Motion and Neutrino-electron Bound Pairs in LENR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol12.pdf#page=46 | |||||||
| 4857 | Journal Article | Ruer J. | 2014 | Response to Comment on the Article 'Simulation of Crater Formation on LENR Cathodes Surfaces' | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol14.pdf#page=11 | |||||||
| 4858 | Journal Article | Ruer J. | 2016 | Characterization of Energy Fluxes in LENR Reactors -Excess Heat,Coefficient of Performance and Conditions for Self-sustained Operation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 21 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol21.pdf#page=18 | |||||||
| 4859 | Journal Article | Sawada T. | 2012 | Underlying Mechanism of the Nuclear of Implied by the Energy-momentum Conservation[ I ] | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol6.pdf#page=127 | |||||||
| 4860 | Journal Article | Scholkmann F., Nagel D. | 2014 | Statistical Analysis of Transmutation Data from Low-energy Nuclear Reaction Experiments and Comparison with a Model-based Prediction of Widom and Larsen | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=495 | |||||||
| 4861 | Journal Article | Sinha K. P., Meulenberg A. | 2012 | Lochon-mediated Low-energy Nuclear Reactionsl | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 6 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol6.pdf#page=64 | |||||||
| 4862 | Journal Article | Srinivasan M. | 2014 | Transmutations and Isotopic Shifts in LENR Experiments. An Overview | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=505 | |||||||
| 4863 | Journal Article | Storms E., Grimshaw T. W. | 2010 | Judging the Validity of the Fleischmann and Pons Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 3 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol3.pdf#page=15 | |||||||
| 4864 | Journal Article | Storms E. | 2016 | How Basic Behavior of LENR can Guide. A Search for an Explanation | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 20 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol20.pdf#page=105 | |||||||
| 4865 | Journal Article | Swartz M R | 2020 | Buoyant Heat Transport in Flow Calorimetry | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 33 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol33.pdf#page=274 | |||||||
| 4866 | Journal Article | Swartz M., Verner, G., et al. | 2015 | Amplification and Restoration of Energy Gain Using Fractionated Magnetic Fields on ZrO2-PdD Nanostructured Components | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol15.pdf#page=73 | |||||||
| 4867 | Journal Article | Swartz M. | 2015 | Incremental High Energy Emission from a ZrO2-PdD Nanostructured Quantum Electronic Component CF/LANR | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol15.pdf#page=99 | |||||||
| 4868 | Journal Article | Swartz M. | 2020 | Investigations of 'Heat after Death' Analysis of the Factors which Determine the Tardive Thermal Power and HAD Enthalpy | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 31 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol31.pdf#page=25 | |||||||
| 4869 | Journal Article | Swartz M. R., Verner G., et al. | 2016 | Impact of Electrical Avalanche through a ZrO2-NiD Nanostructured CF/LANR Component on its Incremental Excess Power Gain | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 19 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol19.pdf#page=295 | |||||||
| 4870 | Journal Article | Swartz M. R. | 2017 | Oscillating Excess Power Gain and Magnetic Domains in NANOR(TM)-type CF/LANR Components | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 22 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol22.pdf#page=40 | |||||||
| 4871 | Journal Article | Szpak S., Gordon F. | 2013 | The Fleischmann-Pons Effect: Reactions and Processes | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 12 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol12.pdf#page=148 | |||||||
| 4872 | Journal Article | Szpak S., Gordon F. | 2014 | Forcing the Pd/1H-1H2O System into a Nuclear Active State | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=553 | |||||||
| 4873 | Journal Article | Szpak S., Gordon F. | 2014 | Cathode to Electrolyte Transfer of Energy Generated in the Fleischmann-Pons Experiment | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 14 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol14.pdf#page=82 | |||||||
| 4874 | Journal Article | Szpak S. | 2015 | On the Path Leading To The Fleischmann-Pons Effect | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 17 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol17.pdf#page=96 | |||||||
| 4875 | Journal Article | Takahashi A. | 2007 | TSC-Induced Nuclear Reactions and Cold Transmutations | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 1 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol1.pdf#page=92 | |||||||
| 4876 | Journal Article | Takahashi A., Seto R., et al. | 2011 | Role of PdO Surface-coating in CMNS D(H)-Gas Loading Experiments | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 5 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol5.pdf#page=23 | |||||||
| 4877 | Journal Article | Violante V., Sarto F., et al. | 2012 | The Study of the Fleischmann and Pons Effect through the Materials Science Development | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 8 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol8.pdf#page=66 | |||||||
| 4878 | Journal Article | Violante V., Castagna E., et al. | 2015 | Excess of Power during Electrochemical Loading: Materials, Electrochemical Conditions and Techniques | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 15 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol15.pdf#page=51 | |||||||
| 4879 | Journal Article | Vysotskii V. I., Kornilova A., et al. | 2014 | Stimulated (B11, p) LENR and Emission of Nuclear Particles in Hydroborates in the Region of Phase Transfer Point | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=618 | |||||||
| 4880 | Journal Article | Vysotskii V. I., Vysotskyy M. V., et al. | 2014 | Application of Correlated States of Interacting Particles in Non-stationary and Periodical Modulated LENR Systems | J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci., Vol = 13 | International Society for CMNS | null | https://www.iscmns.org/CMNS/JCMNS-Vol13.pdf#page=634 | |||||||
| 4881 | Journal Article | Alexander G. Parkhomov, A.G., Karabanov R.V. | 2021 | LENR as a manifestation of weak nuclear interactions. New approach to creating LENR reactors | RENSIT, Vol 13, Number 1 | Grachev, V.I. | Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS) | Moscow and Sochi | February 26, 2021 | Cited at ICCF23 | hot metals, dense plasma, neutrino, collisions, nuclear transmutations, LENR, incandescent lamps, LED, calorimetry | Hypothesis is suggested about the generation of neutrino-antineutrino pairs in collisions of particles of matter at temperatures of several thousand degrees. Particularly intense generation should occur in metals and dense plasma. Resulting neutrinos and antineutrinos can excite exothermic nuclear reactions in the surrounding matter. A number of experiments were carried out that confirmed the energy release predicted by the hypothesis in a substance near a metal heated to a high temperature. The source of the neutrino-antineutrino (hot metal or dense plasma) can be separated from the "fuel " - the substance where nuclear transformations occur. This opens up the possibility for designing highly efficient LENR reactors. Several reactors based on this approach have been tested. In all reactors, at a sufficiently high temperature of the metal core, heat was detected in excess of the electricity consumed. A number of experiments indicate that the participation of hydrogen in nuclear transmutations is optional. | http://en.rensit.ru/vypuski/article/372/13(1)45-58e.pdf | ||
| 4882 | Video | Violante, V. | 2014 | Challenges to Defining the Fleischmann and Pons Effect | Aug 6, 2019 | threshold effect, resonant effect, RF Emission | The Fleischmann and Pons Effect is the appearance of excess energy when a Pd cathode is electrolyzed in heavy water (D2O). Revision of the effect, producing signals well above the measurement uncertainties, is confirming the anomalous production of excess power during electrochemical loading of Palladium with Deuterium. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_Y_24vqAHU | |||||||
| 4883 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | A proposed explanation for Bin-Juine Huang's cavitation driven excess heat system | June 15th, 2021 | Potential Hydrogen and Oxygen interactions during cavitation | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UH76XaTz4qE | https://email.mg1.substack.com/c/eJwlUE1rxSAQ_DXxGOJH1Bw8FEoplF4KPQc1mzzbRIPRJ-mvr3kPll12dpfZGasTLCGeag9HQlca07mD8lCOFVKCiPIBcXSTIh3BTDKMJtUJYoVB7hjnCLBptyq0Z7M6q5ML_trGkvWCopvidMacUysEI8NgZyqMIQObJNczG6R9kuo8OfAWFNwhnsEDWtUtpf1o6EtD3mqUUtoz5JQNtDZsF6KTvTX07d7Q1y_38f5JC3z_FOQer3YcM8w60vUtbrHghAkutaCGz9ZoAGG0HcQ8db2UuGHdtuD2yOZI2v5eBCiqveyhQPR_dbxcKh94FTrWumXv0jmC12aFSaWYAaWnjQ9HxgU8xGrvNOqkMCeUi4FT0ZP-KbmaVDsheylQJZ5CvfIqwhYS3B2Uf_DHiNU https://email.mg1.substack.com/c/eJwlkcvOpCAQhZ-m2WEAuf0LFrOZ1zCAhZJRMIDtOE8_2J2QInW41KmvvG2w5HKbI9eGnjC1-wCT4KobtAYFnRXKFGfDCKNcc4pmQxTzyqFYp1AAdhs3g47TbdHbFnN6blPNhRrRaoKnxBOipVNccE6VpgGEoGK0jkihv0XtOUdIHgy8odw5AdrM2tpRX-OvF_vd13Vdwwap4JDLuQ8-7120rVm_7pBaT6jiSmD466FWDAnKcuNQ8o5XsO3RV5sWwPWuDfaKo_eBjbjAm0jK8DGH_geKnz67wiknjIiBDlRJxpXUVo1OBu8sgHLW_6gwE6E1fXGyL3Sop6vdzZ_HGirmuI58QUn_-vHyIProndLU9_1Msd0TJOs2mE0rJ6D2ncEH57Q8_vts5sk2QyUbpfqRoxJMfHl1wj1TWmiFeuE591fJFNhzg3eE6z-nT52z | |||||||
| 4884 | Video | Huang, B-J | 2021 | Excess Energy From Heat Exchange Systems | Video Presentation at ICCF23, originating from Xiamen University in Xiamen China, hosted by Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and the State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces. | In ICCF22, we presented a vapor compression machine (VCS-1) using a 2.75RT freon compressor (Figure 1) which can produce excess energy [1]. The hot refrigerant vapor from the compressor (around 150C) is used to heat the water flowing through a tiny passage of a triple-pipe heat exchanger. This may cause a violent cavitation of water. The machine was modified furthermore and tested for two years since then. The calorimetric method for COP measurement was improved. The COP inside the steam generator is defined as the heat carried away by water (Qwnet) divided by the net heat input (Wt - QL), denoted as COPx . This is used as the criterion to determine the possibility of excess energy generation. If the measured COPx was greater than 1, then the cavitation-induced low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) might occur. The test shows that the maximum COPx reaches 1.97 (Figure 1) and COPx increases with decreasing inlet water temperature. | http://ikkem.com/iccf23/MP4/3b-IN22.mp4 | http://ikkem.com/iccf23/orppt/ICCF23-IA-21%20Huang.pdf | |||||||
| 4885 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | How could Parkhomov's 225 day reactor get started? | ecton, microscopic plasmoid, EVO, cathode, electron emission, vacuum arc, spark, Magnetohydrodynamics, current density, scattering parameters, threshold current , plasma density | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqfLVI3-mUk | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/545457 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HKXaCpSDsAMJc4fAzLYufUdFkvoIfsi8/view | ||||||||
| 4886 | Journal Article | Mesyats, G. | 1996 | Ecton processes at the cathode in a vacuum discharge | Cathodes , Electron emission , Vacuum arcs , Explosives , Sparks , Magnetohydrodynamics , Current density , Scattering parameters , Threshold current , Plasma density | Explosive electron emission from a metal has been shown to involve not individual electrons but electron bunches or avalanches named "ectons". Ectons play a fundamental part in the cathode spots of vacuum arcs and sparks. They are initiated due to energy concentrations in cathode microvolumes. Mathematical simulation of ectons has been performed using MHD and similarity methods. Based on the ecton model, the vacuum arc parameters, such as the mass per unit charge lost by the cathode, the current density, the specific force, the pressure on the cathode, the liquid metal scattering velocity, the threshold current, and plasma pressure in the cathode spot have been calculated. | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/545457 | ||||||||
| 4887 | Report | Wong, A.Y., Gunn, A., Chen, A.X., Shih, C.C., Guffey, M.J. | 2021 | Enhanced D-D Fusion Rates when the Coulomb Barrier Is Lowered by Electrons | Arxiv.org | Cornell University | May 20, 2021 | Confidential – Proprietary Information of Alpha Ring International Limited | electron shielding; fusion cross section; shielding by free electrons; D-D fusion; neutral beam | A profusion of unbound, low-energy electrons creates a local electric field that reduces Coulomb potential and increases quantum tunnelling probability for pairs of nuclei. Neutral beam-target experiments on deuterium-deuterium fusion reactions, observed with neutron detectors, show percentage increases in fusion products are consistent with electron-screening predictions from Schrödinger wave mechanics. Experiments performed confirm that observed fusion rate enhancement with a negatively biased target is primarily due to changes to the fusion cross section, rather than simply acceleration due to electrostatic forces. | https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2106/2106.12988.pdf | https://e-catworld.com/2021/06/30/paper-enhanced-d-d-fusion-rates-when-the-coulomb-barrier-is-lowered-by-electrons/ | |||
| 4888 | Website of Interest | van Houwelingen, T | 2014 | LENR Proof | LENR-Invest, LLC | Many supporting links are listed on the "LENR Resources" page | LENR, energy | Originally presented in Daejeon, South Korea in August 2012 at ICCF17. In 2014, LENRproof.com is provided free of charge by LENR-Invest, LLC. Slides include: "What is LENR", "Is LENR Real?", "Is LENR Scalable?, "Is LENR Better?", "LENR Theories", "LENR Resources" | lenrproof.com | https://e-catworld.com/2021/06/30/paper-enhanced-d-d-fusion-rates-when-the-coulomb-barrier-is-lowered-by-electrons/ | |||||
| 4889 | Patent | Wong, A.Y. | 2019 | Submicron fusion devices, methods and systems | USPO | US Patent Office | The present inventions break the prior art paradigms by, among other things, increasing the reactant density, essentially eliminating electron radiation losses, and combinations of these, by avoiding the use of a strongly ionized plasma, modifying the Coulomb barrier and thus increasing the reaction cross section, and essentially eliminating the need for confinement to contain the fusion reaction. Such approaches make Lawson's criterion inapposite. | Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for creating, controlling, conducting, and optimizing fusion activities of nuclei. In particular, the present inventions relate to, among other things, fusion activities that are conducted individually or collectively on a very small scale, preferably on the nano-scale or smaller such as pico to femto scales, for the utilization of energy produced from these activities in smaller devices and for aggregation into larger devices. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US10453575B1 | https://e-catworld.com/2021/07/21/cold-fusion-patent-granted-to-alpha-ring/ | Cold Fusion Patent Granted to Alpha Ring | ||||
| 4890 | Patent | Solin, M.I. | 1992 | Laser fusion reactor and its control members; source product for producing active medium and its production process; laser fusion reactor control procedure; superconducting nuclear condensate and its production in laser fusion reactor; solid production of controlled nuclear fusion | Google Patents | Original Paper in Russian | quantum nuclear reactor, electronic furnace, accelerated electrons, magnetic charges | FIELD: nuclear power engineering; development of environmentally friendly power supplies and superhigh-power laser plants using new functioning principle; experimental nuclear physics; production of new materials including separation of chemical elements in controlled low- temperature nuclear fusion process. SUBSTANCE: laser fusion reactor has vacuum chamber accommodating tank holding active medium (liquid metal or its alloys), two control members in the form of metal blanks of active medium material, accelerated electron source, and control-members operating mechanisms. Active medium production process is characterized in that mass of metal or its alloy in liquid state is raised during its irradiation by accelerated electrons and brought to critical value. Laser fusion reactor is controlled by varying distance between control members and/or between them and active medium surface. Liquid metal product obtained in laser fusion reactor is, essentially, superconducting nuclear liquid-metal plasma. It is produced by bringing mass of liquid metal or its alloy to critical value during its heating by accelerated electrons and shifting control members closer to each other and/or to molten metal or its alloy surface. Solid product obtained is, essentially, solidied liquid-metal ingot containing in its volume chemical elements formed in the course of nuclear fusion. Reactor uses known electronic oven as its structural element. EFFECT: discovery of new properties of metal in liquid state when heated by accelerated electrons. | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FsaPs8ofW4WXhydXo874ZXvLE5P90vQ_/view | https://e-catworld.com/2021/07/27/video-mfmp-open-meeting-july-2021/ | |||||
| 4891 | Video | Montalk, T. | 2021 | Scalar Physics: Introduction (Gravity, Electricity, Maganetism) | July 5, 2021 | Scalar Super Potential, Magnetic Vector Potential, Electric Scalar Potential, Gravitational Scalar Potential | Learn how magnetic, electric, and gravitational fields arise from a common scalar super potential field. The key to antigravity, free energy, and other exotic applications. For more info, please see https://scalarphysics.com | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uYoViFtJ04 | |||||||
| 4900 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Technological production of 'Ball Lightning' vs natural formation | YouTube | Aug 18, 2021 | ball lightning, Tesla Coil, Boutilier, Corum | Bob discusses video that has been made by a colleague David Boutilier in which he seems to have been able to produce ball lightning (see an example at the 1:38:35 point in the video below) From the video description: Bob Greenyer will consider some examples of claimed ball lightning that is technologically produced and relate that to examples of natural formation and discuss other important observations. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y1-aMp9oJtk&t=18s | https://e-catworld.com/2021/08/18/new-mfmp-video-technological-production-of-ball-lightning-versus-natural-production/ | |||||
| 4893 | Journal Article | Adamenko, S.V., Vysotskii, V.I. | 2004 | Mechanism of Synthesis of Superheavy Nuclei via the Process of Controlled Electron-Nuclear Collapse | Physics Letters | Foundations of Physics Letters, Vol. 17, No. 3, June 2004 (@2004) | Electrodynamics Laboratory | superheavy nuclei synthesis, electron-nuclear collapse, electron-nuclear cluster, degenerate electron gas, Coulomb interaction. | This paper presents a brief review of the existing approaches to the creation of superheavy nuclei in collisions of heavy nuclei to overcome the Coulomb barrier or through the pion condensation in a nucleus volume. A principally new approach to the creation of superheavy nuclei based on the stimulation of a self-organizing collapse of electron-nuclear systems is analyzed. For a neutral atom compressed by external forces, a threshold electron density is shown to exist. If such a density is reached, a self-organizing process of "electron downfall to the nucleus" starts. This process is exoenergic and leads to the formation of a supercompressed electron-nuclear cluster. The higher the charge of a nucleus, the lower the threshold of the external compression. It is shown that the maximum binding energy shifts during such a self-organizing collapse of the electron-nuclear system from Aopt ~ 60 (for uncompressed substance) to the area of high mass numbers Aopt ~_ 200... 2000 and could render the synthesis of superheavy nuclei to be energy-efficient. The synthesis proceeds through the absorption of other nuclei by the collapsed nucleus. It is theoretically proved that the synthesis efficiency is ensured by both the width reduction and increased transparency of the Coulomb barrier in the extremely compressed electron-nuclear system. The release of binding energy through the absorption of nuclei by the electron-nuclear collapsed clusters may result in the simultaneous emission of lighter nuclei. It is assumed that just such a mechanism of synthesis explains the creation of superheavy and other anomalous nuclei observed in the experiments carried out at the Electrodynamics Laboratory "Proton-21". | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1S1VrFJY2lSiApYqR7-1Jsq3g2Na-5R0C/view | https://e-catworld.com/2021/07/27/video-mfmp-open-meeting-july-2021/ | ||||
| 4894 | Journal Article | Price, H. | 2019 | Icebergs In The Room? Cold Fusion At Thirty | 3 Quarks Daily | A very insightful article which, unsurprisingly given its author, is worthy of Bertrand Russell himself. | principle of prudence, reputation trap, LENR, Cold Fusion, Fleischmann and Pons, Rossi, Godes, Tanzella, BEC, COP, SPAWAR, epistemic humility | From aviation to zoo-keeping, there’s a simple rule for safety in potentially hazardous pursuits. Always keep an eye on the ways that things could go badly wrong, even if they seem unlikely. The more disastrous a potential failure, the more improbable it needs to be before we can safely ignore it. Think icebergs and frozen O-rings. History is full of examples of the costs of getting this wrong. | https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2019/03/icebergs-in-the-room-cold-fusion-at-thirty.html | This article is published under a Creative Commons licence and you are free to reproduce it as long as you give Huw Price and 3 Quarks Daily credit and link back to this page. | |||||
| 4895 | Video | Fleischmann, M., Pons, S. | 2011 | Cold Fusion Press Conference at University of Utah | University of Utah | 1989 - March 23 | Fleischmann, Pons, Cold Fusion, Utah | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CfHaeQo6oU | The Press Conference that Started it All | ||||||
| 4896 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | An explanation for the observed spectra of ball lightning in free air | Ball Lightning, EVO, LENR | Bob Greenyer proposes and discusses an explanation for the only spectra recorded of Ball lightning in air | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlzqi-Dk3Ao | 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.035001 nanosoft.co.nz | |||||||
| 4897 | Report | Minderle, T | 2014 | A Brief Introduction to Scalar Physics | scalar physics, Scalar Superpotential, Magnetic Vector Potential, Electric Scalar Potential, Maxwell | The forces of magnetism, electricity, and gravity are distortions of a single primordial field that permeates the universe and comprises the fabric of existence. Vorticity in this field gives rise to magnetic fields. Dynamic undulations give rise to electric fields. Compression or divergence gives rise to gravitational fields. When put into mathematical form, these relations reveal how electric and magnetic fields can be arranged to produce artificial gravity and many other exotic phenomena such as time distortion and the opening of portals into other dimensions. | https://scalarphysics.com/resources/thomas_minderle/thomas_minderle-a_brief_introduction_to_scalar_physics.pdf | ||||||||
| 4898 | Website of Interest | Minderle, T. | 2013 | Scalar Physics Research Center | Minderle, T. | September 22, 2013 | Scalar physics concerns itself with potential and superpotential fields that do not necessarily give rise to magnetic or electric force fields, yet still have meaningful effects. It also points the way to a unified field theory between electricity, magnetism, and gravity. For instance, it may be possible to define the gravitational potential [P] in terms of [A] and thereby unify gravity with electromagnetism. | scalar physics, primordial superpotential, Maxwell's Equations, Oliver Heaviside, electricity, magnetism, gravity | Scalar physics is the science of reality's hidden infrastructure. The electric, magnetic, and gravitational force fields are only the surface layer. Like waves upon the ocean, these forces arise from deeper fields known as potentials, which themselves arise from the primordial superpotential: superpotential → potentials → force fields Force fields derive from specific distortions or undulations in potentials: Vorticity in the magnetic vector potential [A] → magnetic field [B] Gradient in the scalar electric potential [V] → electric field [E] Gradient in the gravitational potential [P] → gravity field [G] Similarly, potentials derive from specific distortions or undulations in the superpotential: Gradient in the superpotential [X] → magnetic vector potential [A] Change over time in the superpotential [X] → electric scalar potential [V] But there also exist potential and superpotential fields that do not give rise to [E], [B], or [G] fields yet still provide certain exotic effects. Examples: gradient-free electric scalar potential [V] curl-free magnetic vector potential [A] gradient-free gravitational potential [P] gradient-free superpotential [X] unchanging superpotential [X] Scalar physics concerns itself with potential and superpotential fields that do not necessarily give rise to magnetic or electric force fields, yet still have meaningful effects. It also points the way to a unified field theory between electricity, magnetism, and gravity. For instance, it may be possible to define the gravitational potential [P] in terms of [A] and thereby unify gravity with electromagnetism. | https://scalarphysics.com/ | https://scalarphysics.com/resources/thomas_minderle/thomas_minderle-a_brief_introduction_to_scalar_physics.pdf | ||||
| 4899 | Journal Article | Sengupta, D., Sarkar, T.K. | 2021 | Maxwell, Hertz, the Maxwellians, and the early history of electromagnetic waves | IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol 45, No 2, 2003 | It was found that the Maxwellians had minimal or no influence on Hertz's discovery of electromagnetic waves and on his other accomplishments in electromagnetics | History, light, electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic propagation, electromagnetic waves, Maxwell equations, Maxwell, Hertz, Maxwellians | In 1864, Maxwell conjectured from his famous equations that light is a transverse electromagnetic wave. Maxwell believed that light could be generated electromagnetically. In fact, he was silent about electromagnetic waves and their generation and detection. It took almost a quarter of a century before Hertz discovered electromagnetic waves and his brilliant experiments confirmed Maxwell's theory. Maxwell's ideas and equations were expanded, modified and made understandable by by the efforts of Hertz, Fitzgerald, Lodge and Heaviside, the last three being referred to as the "Maxwellians". The early history of electromagnetic waves, up to the death of Hertz in 1894, is briefly discussed. The work of Hertz and the Maxwellians is briefly reviewed in the context of electromagnetic waves. It is found that historical facts do not support the views proposed by some, in the past, that Hertz's epoch-making findings and contributions were significantly influenced by the Maxwellians. | https://scalarphysics.com/resources/sengupta_sarkar/maxwell_hertz_maxwellians.pdf | ||||||
| 4901 | Journal Article | Corum, J.F., Corum, K.L. | 2003 | Fireball Production From a Tesla Coil | Electric Spacecraft Journal | Tesla Universe | August 5th, 2003 | Tesla Coil, Corum, fireball, spark, VSWR, | James and Kenneth Corum searched the historical record for clues as to how Tesla was able to generate fireballs on-demand. They discovered that operating two, different-frequency coils placed inside the primary made this possible. They also found that airborne carbon or metal particulates enhanced the effect. The fireballs result from the interaction of two frequencies, a stray higher frequency wave imposed on the lower frequency oscillations of the main circuit...As the free oscillation builds up from the zero point to the quarter wavelength node, it passes through various rates of change. In a current of shorter wavelength, the rates of change will be steeper,...[and] a second oscillator may be used to transmit a shorter wavelength current.... When the two currents react on each other, the resultant complex will contain a wave in which there is an extremely steep rate of change, and for the briefest instant currents may move at a tremendous rate, at the rate of millions of horsepower...This condition acts as a trigger which may cause the total energy of the powerful longer wave to be discharged in an infinitesimally small interval of time and at a proportionately tremendously great rate of energy movement which cannot confine itself to the metal circuit and is released into surrounding space with inconceivable violence. | https://teslauniverse.com/nikola-tesla/articles/fireball-production-tesla-coil | https://teslauniverse.com/nikola-tesla/books/nikola-tesla-colorado-springs-notes-1899-1900 https://teslauniverse.com/nikola-tesla/landmarks/nikola-tesla-museum | ||||
| 4902 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | More insight on the Technological production of ‘Ball lightning‘ | ball lightning, fusion technology, plasma, Roth, Matsumoto, Lewis, Shoulders, US Air Force | Bob Greenyer reviews this paper (supported in part by the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research) from 1995 in light of MFMPs research and provide further reasoned guidance for experimentalists. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTfA7qeL7Gk | https://bit.ly/3CZBSp2 https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST95-A30388 | |||||||
| 4903 | Patent | Koloc, P.M. | 1977 | Method and apparatus for generating and utilizing a compound plasma configuration | USPO | US Patent Office | May 10, 1977 | A method and apparatus for generating and utilizing a compound plasma configuration is disclosed. The plasma configuration includes a central toroidal plasma with electrical currents surrounded by a generally ellipsoidal mantle of ionized particles or electrically conducting matter. The preferred methods of forming this compound plasma configuration include the steps of forming a helical ionized path in a gaseous medium and simultaneously discharging a high potential through the ionized path to produce a helical or heliform current which collapses on itself to produce a toroidal current, or generating a toroidal plasmoid, supplying magnetic energy to the plasmoid, and applying fluid pressure external to the plasmoid. The apparatus of the present invention includes a pressure chamber wherein the compound plasma configuration can be isolated or compressed by fluid or other forms of mechanical or magnetic pressure. | https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/75/0b/ab/1bd7d8da26e613/US4023065.pdf | ||||||
| 4904 | Report | Egely, G. | 1987 | Hungarian Ball Lightning Observations (Case 1 - Case 278) | Central Research Institute for Physics, H-1525 Budapest 114, P,O.B. 49, Hungary | ball lightning observations, collection, Hungary, sketches, maps | The collection contains about 300 ball lightning observations, which has been created by polling about 3,000,000 newspaper readers. Only those cases are included in the collection which contain useful information about the physical nature of ball lightning. Some of the descriptions contain a sketch of the event as well and these were drawn by the observers usually during interviews. In the appendix, the cases are sorted according to their characteristic features and the distribution of the impact sites are mapped as well. | https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bz7lTfqkED9WdXVZMUs2cE16TnM/view?resourcekey=0-J_ljn6eDEg3BxPT_ekIYYA | |||||||
| 4905 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Fixing Fukushima - 05 - Encouragingly consistent first data | Another in the series. As before, there is five feedback and comments below. | Bob Greenyer, before the HHO exposed CaCO3 is due to be put under the SEM/EDS, reviews some very encouraging data we already have to date. Also see: "Ball Lightning: What Nature is Trying to Tell the Plasma Research Community" https://bit.ly/3CZBSp2 https://sci-hub.se/10.13182/FST95-A30388 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7V9cyLokvbc | ||||||||
| 4906 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Fixing Fukushima - 06 - SEM EDS analysis of CaCO3 before and after HHO exposure | SEM, EDS analysis, CaCO3, HHO, Limelight | Initial review of the data acquired on 24th August 2021 at CEITEC for raw mineral CaCO3 and the sample exposed to Slobodan Stankovic’s HHO gas in Switzerland | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpXNiq-x1B4 | Bob gives another video presentation on YouTube with live feedback | |||||||
| 4907 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | ULTR - Finger prints | April 9, 2021 | Session on YouTube with live feedback | cavitation, CET, microscope, transmutation, collapsing bubble, pumping | Live stream microscope session 21:00 CET 8 April 2021 The extremely simple and cheap ULTR experiments are revealing new insights into how cavitation actually works and by pointing to soviet era research could we be on the way to a clear understanding of how water based technologies could transmute matter and yield excess energy. In the gif anima, you see intense Vortex coming to and from from existing affected areas in the foil. Not just damage by collapsing bubble re-entrant jets - this is a phenomenon that can be pumped and pumped and is self organising to coherence. https://tinyurl.com/etpww4pp Please review the following Project OHMA videos. https://youtu.be/TXTyUrIqCjw https://youtu.be/iK7lGbZxzeY https://youtu.be/fkotptQzKrQ https://youtu.be/fkotptQzKrQ | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gw5mcj3FVTM&t=69s | ||||||
| 4908 | Journal Article | Rossi, A. | 2019 | E-Cat SK and long-range particle interactions | Rossi's own synopsis: Point zero energy-> dV/dT with high dV-> electrons phase change-> formation of electrons clusters in phase-> lower entropy, lower thermal capacity and restricted freedom degrees-> transfer of energy to electrons not in phase->photons emission ( second thermodynamic principle not applicable )-> electrons flow continues the cycle | Aharonov-Bohm effect, Anomalous Heat Effect, Bose-Einstein Condensate, Casimir effect, charge clusters, collective effects, Darwin Lagrangian, electron model, Electrum Validum, geometric phase coherence, long range interactions, low entropy aggregates, pico-metric structures, Electron Energy Distribution Function (EEDF), relativistic interaction Lagrangian, vector potential, Zitterbewegung electron model | Some theoretical frameworks that explore the possible formation of dense exotic electron clusters in the E-Cat SK are presented. Some considerations on the probable role of Casimir, Aharonov-Bohm, and collective effects in the formation of such structures are proposed. A relativistic interaction Lagrangian, based on a pure electromagnetic electron model, that suggests the possible existence of very low entropy charge aggregates and that highlights the primary role of the electromagnetic potentials in these clusters is presented. The formation of these cluster may be associated to a localized Vacuum polarization generated by a rapid radial charge displacement. The formation of these dense electron clusters are introduced as a probable precursor for the formation of proton-electron aggregates at pico-metric scale, stressing the importance of evaluating the plausibility of special electron-nucleon interactions, as already suggested in [#GullstromRossi]. An observed isotopic dependence of a particular spectral line in the visible range of E-Cat plasma spectrum seems to confirm the presence of a specific proton-electron interaction at electron Compton wavelength scale. | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330601653_E-Cat_SK_and_long-range_particle_interactions http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28382.48966/11 | https://e-catworld.com/2021/08/29/synopsis-of-rossis-zero-point-energy-theory/ | ||||||
| 4909 | Report | Smith, P.J., Hendricks, R.C., Steinetz, B.M. | 2021 | Electrolytic Co-deposition Neutron Production Evaluation | NASA | NASA/TM-20210010199 | electrochemical, palladium, deuterium, bubble detection | Co-deposition electrochemical cells are a simple means to examine novel nuclear reactions. In this study, palladium and deuterium atoms were co-deposited on a cathode at stoichiometric densities. Bubble detector neutron dosimeters were used to measure equivalent dose levels during electrolytic deposition. Standard configuration cells expected to produce excess neutrons were denoted as experimental cells and contained an electrolyte consisting of palladium(II) chloride, lithium chloride, and heavy water (D2O). The control cells used copper(II) chloride, lithium chloride, and D2O electrolyte. Experimental and control cells were supplied current, increasing from 0.1 to 100.0 mA over a period of 20 days. For test days 9 through 20, the standard configuration experimental cells exhibited significantly higher average neutron radiation than the controls at a 99% confidence level. Alternative configurations involving increasing current over a shortened time scale, substitutions of water in place of D2O or potassium chloride for lithium chloride, as well as inclusion of depleted uranium near the cell cathodes all resulted in inconclusive evidence for promoting neutron production. | https://www.lenr-canr.org/acrobat/SmithPJelectrolyt.pdf | ||||||
| 4910 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Assisi - LENR in a Can | Assisi | Download slides: https://drive.google.com/file/d/11-72lF7bdOpkK28Ksu8PQ2IDrCDjJZC7/view | Ohmasa Gas, Project OHMA, HHO, phenomenological hypothesis, crustal abundance, alpha conjugate nuclei, fermionic nuclei, Le Claire, Adamenko, nucleo-synthesis, Langmuir, Matsumoto, Rutherford, Chadwick, Brink, Parkhomov, Nanosoft, Mizuno, Urutskoev, Ball Lightning, EVO, Transmutation, Monopoles, Strange Radiation, Condensed Plasmoids, Bogdanovich, Barkla, Shoulders, LION, teleportation, nuclear regeneration, Stankovic, self-masing, VEGA, carbon nanotube, Solin Patent | Bob Greenyer gives an overview of why he suspects data from Ohmasa Gas experiments in 2019 are the result of nuclear reactions. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSBdQ3wocTk | ||||||
| 4911 | Report | Wendt, G.L., Irion C.E. | 1922 | Experimental Attempts to Decompose Tungsten at High Temperatures | Chicago | Tungsten, high temperatures, explosion bulb, Rutherford | With atomic disintegration recognized for 20 years and atomic decomposition‘ now established by the work of RutherfordI2 on the impact of a-particles on light atoms, the astronomical evidence that heavy atoms are not stable at high temperatures3 demands laboratory confirmation. This has become possible through the work of Anderson‘ whose method of exploding wires at temperatures above 20,000°, well above that attributed to the hottest stars, has become valuable in spectroscopy. In our application of this method the wires were exploded within strong glass bulbs so Chat the gaseous products of the explosions could be collected for analysis. The method thus includes factors, both of cause and of error, analogous to those operative in the voluminous and inconclusive controversy on the evolution of helium in various types of low pressure electrical discharge tubes, extending from 1905 to 1915. | https://sci-hub.se/10.1021/ja01430a006 | |||||||
| 4912 | Journal Article | Allahverdyan, A. E., Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M. | 2000 | Extraction of Work from a Single Thermal Bath in the Quantum Regime | Physical Review Letters | quantum thermal bath, non-gibbsian, entanglement, Clausius inequality, Fokker-Planck, quantum coherence | The stationary state of a quantum particle strongly coupled to a quantum thermal bath is known to be non-gibbsian, due to entanglement with the bath . For harmonic potentials, where the system can be described by effective temperatures, thermodynamic relations are shown to take a generalized Gibbsian form, that may violate the Clausius inequality. For the weakly-anharmonic case a Fokker-Planck type description is constructed. It is shown that then work can be extracted from the bath by cyclic variation of a parameter. These apparent violations of the second law are the consequence of quantum coherence in the presence of the slightly off-equilibrium nature of the bath. | DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.1799 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/1821045_Extraction_of_Work_from_a_Single_Thermal_Bath_in_the_Quantum_Regime | |||||||
| 4913 | Journal Article | Mesyats, G., A. | 2005 | Ectons and their role in plasma processes | Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 47 (2005) A109–A151 | Moscow | ecton, explosive electron emission, electron avalanches, microexplosions, high energy density, plasma, cathode spots, pseudosparks, coronas, unipolar arcs | The so-called explosive electron emission observed as individual packets or avalanches of electrons is shown to occur on microexplosions at the cathode. This avalanche of electrons is called an ecton. Electron current in an ecton starts flowing as a result of the overheating of the metal because of the high energy density (104 J g−1), and the current stops as the emission zone cools off. Ectons occur in plasma-involving phenomena, such as electrical discharges in vacuum, cathode spots of vacuum arcs, volumetric discharges in gases, pseudosparks, coronas, unipolar arcs, etc | https://sci-hub.se/10.1088/0741-3335/47/5A/010 | ||||||
| 4914 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Coherent Matter Travelling Wave Beams - Part 2 | Assisi | Coherent Matter Wave Beams | After some difficulty, Bob Greenyer managed to do a hash of a presentation of about half of the remaining material. | https://youtu.be/UqDvfCR6P3Y | |||||||
| 4915 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Monopoles, Ball Lightning, EVOs, Coherent Matter and Strange Radiation | Streamed live on Sep 6, 2021 | Another video presentation by Bob, with live feedback | Monopoles, Ball Lightning, EVOs, Coherent Matter, Strange Radiation | A look at some of the material intended to be presented at this week's Assisi conference, but that never made it. | https://youtu.be/TLzNf77Pmsk | ||||||
| 4916 | Journal Article | Adamenko, S.V., Adamenko, A.S., Vysotskii, V.I. | 2004 | Full-Range Nucleosynthesis in the Laboratory | Infinite Energy | Stanislav V. Adamenko is founder and director of Electrodynamics Laboratory 'Proton21' and is the author of numerous articles. | nucleosynthesis, super-compression, super-heavy, nuclear clusters, isotopes | The problem of super-compression of a solid target to a collapsed state is considered. The basic principles of construction and the parameters of an experimental setup ensuring such a super-compression are described. The model and method of creation and evolution of super-heavy nuclear clusters with 250| n-21.com.ua/articles/Infin.pdf | https://youtu.be/Xq6kUbLzYCc | | |||||
| 4917 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - Further look at SEM/EDS data from the VEGA Valley | VEGA, SEM, EDS, EVO, Ball Lightning | A deeper look at some of the SEM / EDS analysis done on the VEGA Valley | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kM0ICs6V3GY | ||||||||
| 4918 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | VEGA - The Magnetic core of a 'Monopole' ? | MFMP | Streamed live on Sep 15, 2021 | Bob presents the analysis on YouTube with live comments | VEGA, Monopole, Ball Lightning | First look at some of the SEM / EDS analysis done on 13th September 2021 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHTDxJbPfXA | |||||
| 4919 | Video | Greenyer, R.W., Johnson, A. | 2021 | my movie - xx years on | MFMP | Premiered Sep 14, 2021 | Andrew Johnson joins Bob Greenyer to discuss a scientific basis for a complete understanding of happenings surrounding 'The Event' with reference to characters involved with both it and the Pons and Fleischmann narrative evaluation. Awarded patents, hard replicated evidence by multiple parties and earth shattering data from past and present is shown for the first time which could easily be verified via equivalent samples held in public venues. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTi0bLvfY6E | |||||||
| 4920 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | ULTR - Crop Circles | MFMP | 19th September, 2021 | Streamed online with live feedback. | ULTR, SEM, EDS | A review of SEM/EDS analysis done on ULTR experiments conducted by Bob W. Greenyer / Alan Goldwater and Prof. Bin-Juine Huang on Al and Cu foils respectively. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSwxzXEQdPE&t=46s | |||||
| 4921 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | ULTR - Experiment how to 4K | MFMP | Apr 9, 2021 | This was a replication of decades of work by one of the Authors, Roger Stringham, mostly using ultrasonic devices in the frequency range of this domestic device. You can review some of his previous work by typing his surname "Stringham" into the "Surname of one Author" field of the following on-line database provided by the MFMP, and hitting the re-fresh pre-filtering button and choosing items for review from the drop down menu | ultrasonic cleaner, Quantum Coherent Torsion Field Reactor, Aluminium | How to conduct a surprisingly simple ultrasonic experiment that reveals the underlying process driving LENR transmutation. Transmutation of elements was observed in ultrasonic experiments conducted by Claytor, T. N., Stringham, R., Fowler, M. 'Cavitation Effects on Various Metals in D2O' In this how-to Video, Bob shows how anyone can build a Quantum Coherent Torsion Field Reactor. He uses an ultrasonic cleaner, a small square of Aluminium foil, the lid from a CD blanks holder and some water. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=By1xWRLE4pY | http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzb.pdf#page=84 Transmutation of elements was observed in ultrasonic experiments conducted by Claytor, T. N., Stringham, R., Fowler, M. "Cavitation Effects on Various Metals in D2O" | ||||
| 4922 | Website of Interest | Zugelder, B. | 2011 | Crop Circle Database | This site is an invaluable resource for researchers. It currently lists over 6,250 events in over 50 countries. The record is updated in print form at the end of each season and the pages are sent out to subscribers to be added to the substantial file. It organizes them by month and also provides a simplified sketch of the later ones, so you can quickly scan for patterns | crop circle, database | A testimony from the late Michael Glickman: In September 2000 I received a remarkable book from Germany. It was a beautifully laid out volume about the crop circles written and compiled by Bertold Zugelder, a graphic design student, as his graduation submission. He was to be awarded an A+ for the work, but much more important for us was the fact that this lovely book foretold Bertold’s initiation of cropcircle-archive.com (which is now cropcirclecenter.com) the most assiduous and comprehensive historic record of the crop circle phenomenon. This site – www.cropcirclecenter.com – is an invaluable resource for researchers. It currently lists over 6,250 events in over 50 countries. The record is updated in print form at the end of each season and the pages are sent out to subscribers to be added to the substantial file. cropcirclecenter.com is an essential reference point for me, whether on line or in printed form. Look at it. Bertold Zugelder deserves our gratitude. Michael Glickman | https://www.cropcirclecenter.com/ | http://www.michaelglickmanoncropcircles.com/ https://www.cropcirclecenter.com/misc/MG.html | ||||||
| 4923 | Patent | Rossi, A. | 2015 | Fluid Heater | US Patent Office | Aug. 25, 2015 | Among the embodiments are those in which the fuel mixture includes lithium and lithium aluminium hydride, those in which the catalyst includes a group 10 element, such as nickel in powdered form, or in any combination thereof. | An apparatus for heating fluid includes a tank for holding fluid to be heated, and a fuel wafer in fluid communication with the fluid. The fuel wafer includes a fuel mixture including reagents and a catalyst, and an electrical resistance or other heat source in thermal communication with the fuel mixture and the catalyst. | https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/15/52/79/cadb56a59321ea/US9115913.pdf | ||||||
| 4924 | All | Greenyer, R.W. | 2018 | What really is ‘New Fire’ Fuel? | Steemit | LENR, New Fire, Parkhomov, abundance, Ohsawa, Egeley, transmutation, ECCO, Strange Radiation, EVO, LeClaire, Nanospire, Adamenko | By ignoring the often touted notion that Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) is impossible and taking the view that it is both a natural and ubiquitous process, let’s let evidence guide us. | https://steemit.com/steemstem/@mfmp/what-really-is-new-fire-fuel | |||||||
| 4925 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2018 | 'UFOs' over Hessdalen, Norway explained? Ball Lightning and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions | Ball Lightning, LENR, Plasma Balls, Hessdalen | Apparently natural atmospheric plasmatic ball observations yield data that is in line with multiple low energy nuclear reaction systems observed by the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project, suggesting that there is a link between the two. The possible relationship of mineral deposits local to daytime, non lightning related fire ball phenomena should be investigated. Ball lightning observations not due to lightning may become a method of discovering mineral deposits. An attempt to see if there is any correlation between the observation rate and solar, magnetosphere or cosmic phenomena should be considered. | https://steemit.com/steemstem/@mfmp/ufos-over-hessdalen-norway-explained-ball-lightning-and-low-energy-nuclear-reactions | ||||||||
| 4926 | Report | Greenyer, R.W. | 2016 | ECCO - An instant on/off ultrasonically fluidised dusty plasma New Fire reactor | Steemit | ECCO, Ultrasonic Fluidisation, plasma, New Fire | The "ECCO" reactor currently uses 8 alumina tube reactors driven independently to allow scaling of output power from around 1kW to over 8kW Current fuel: Ultrasonic processing of powders in light water for about 200 hours is then finished by pyrolysis 3 Ultrasonic transducers @ 19.46kHz & 1.5kW each for a total of 4.5kW Current fuel: Ti, TiH2, Ni, Al, LiOH, C, K2CO3 Core reactor is standard extruded alumina cylinder Reactors in second steel sheath Starting status: Initial vacuum in cell Through fuel discharge provided by thoriated tungsten welding electrodes Fuel held in place by Nickel foil formed into a plug in to which the needle point of the electrodes passes Pure nickel foil made by plating from Nickel Sulphate onto steel using hydrogen plasma and ultrasonically de-laminating it Fuel not tightly packed, 22mm active zone in Al2O3 tube with 1.6g of fuel occupying <1/3 available space 1 MHz non-symmetrical waveform (fast rise, slow fall) pulsed DC discharge provided by MOSFETs through fuel 2000 - 2400V discharge potential set to prevent spark Approximately 100W applied in non-spark discharge Ultrasonic vibration at same 1MHz applied to fuelled zone in tube in order to fluidise the fuel components Between 15-30W used for the ultrasonic fluidisation Peak input power is approximately 1kW Core temperature (external of ceramic) 1100ºC using S-type thermocouple Tested for 3 months in accumulated on time, only 2-3% output variation during that time Heat exchanger enables transfer of heat to water which is heated to 101ºC Instantly stops reaction when turned off Water heated to boiling inside 5 mins of turn on Claimant used his, his partners and his teams expertise alongside publicly available discussions on the New Fire Reactor was arrived at by informed trial and error without specific theory consideration Many areas identified for improvement and now from a theoretical basis Good fuel testing platform | https://steemit.com/ecco/@mfmp/ecco-an-instant-on-off-ultrasonically-fluidised-dusty-plasma-new-fire-reactor | |||||||
| 4927 | Encyclopedia | 2021 | CNO cycle | Wikipedia | fusion reactions, stars, Hydrogen, Helium | The CNO cycle is one of the two known sets of fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium, the other being the proton–proton chain reaction, which is more efficient at the Sun's core temperature. The CNO cycle is hypothesized to be dominant in stars that are more than 1.3 times as massive as the Sun. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNO_cycle | ||||||||
| 4928 | Encyclopedia | 2021 | Proton–proton chain | proton, p-p chain, hydrogen, helium, fusion reaction, Sun | The proton–proton chain, also commonly referred to as the p–p chain, is one of two known sets of nuclear fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium. It dominates in stars with masses less than or equal to that of the Sun, whereas the CNO cycle, the other known reaction, is suggested by theoretical models to dominate in stars with masses greater than about 1.3 times that of the Sun. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton%E2%80%93proton_chain | |||||||||
| 4929 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Fixing Fukushima - 07 - Silver linings | Bob hosts another YouTube video with live feedback | CaCO3, AU, HHO, coherent matter, transmutations, EVOs, Ball Lightning, Fukushima, Tritiated Water | More detailed review of Au coated CaCO3 both before and after exposure to HHO potentially showing that we have enough data to consider that the technique is producing coherent matter transmutations that should remediate the contaminated water at the same time as produce something of value. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAb4aJM-2kQ | Do we have enough data to know we have a solution to the Tritium laced water? | ||||||
| 4930 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Stimulated cluster decay | YouTube | Over the edge of stability | transmutation, fission, Bismuth, bullets, neutrino-dineutron reactions, exothermic | Bob explores the physics of transmutation of stable elements such as Bismuth, by collision with macro-objects, such as bullets striking steel plates. Including David Boutlier's own experimentation. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgNZwqO4YTU | ||||||
| 4931 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2019 | Possible explanations for observed Sun, Moon & Earth alignment effects | MFMP | Bob refers to https://21sci-tech.com/Subscriptions/Archive/1999_F.pdf page 57 | Sun, Moon, Earth, alignment, abnormal phenomena, neutrino flux | Ultra Low Energy Neutrino flux interactions are offered as explanation for "Abnormal Physical Phenomena Observed When the Sun, Moon and Earth are Aligned." | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycAaiCOMXsU | ||||||
| 4932 | Journal Article | Zhou, S. | 1999 | Abnormal Physical Phenomena Observed When the Sun, Moon And Earth Are Aligned | 21st Century | Abnormal Physical Phenomena, gravitation, solar eclipses, lunar eclipses, force and time measurements, neutrinos | Contrary to accepted theories of gravitation, the three-body alignment occurring at solar and lunar eclipse produces a measurable abnormal effect on force and time measurements. | https://21sci-tech.com/Subscriptions/Archive/1999_F.pdf#page=57 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycAaiCOMXsU | ||||||
| 4933 | All | Goldwater, A. | 2021 | Exploration of Frank Gordon’s Lattice Energy Converter (LEC) Device | LEC Device, Frank Gordon, James Stevenson | Frank Gordon and Harper Whitehouse demonstrated a gas-mode metal cell that produces a DC current and voltage when the metal cathode is of a certain form. In their ICCF23 paper, they named the device Lattice Energy Converter or LEC. It has been replicated and discussed by several other researchers. In particular, James Stevenson’s lab notes have been published, and the procedures documented there will inform the research reported here. | https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GRSqJurb07GzMGBN75sQGxZzAZ04UplinMKZ1IoDu3s/edit | https://e-catworld.com/2021/10/08/exploration-of-frank-gordons-lec-device-alan-goldwater/ https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/6508-frank-gordon-s-lattice-energy-converter-lec-replicators-workshop/?pageNo=38 | |||||||
| 4934 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Binding Energy - Technicalities in a technical test | MFMP | binding energy | A discussion of binding energies in ordinary matter, exotic matter and potential implications. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTBD0J-zsnA | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_energy | ||||||
| 4935 | Video | Banister, R.G., Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Coherent Matter, Matter Synthesis & LENR: An Interview with Bob Greenyer of the MFMP | FI001 | Oct 12, 2021 | I apologize for defects in the recording. There was quite a delay on the line that was not as apparent during the interview, and I did my best to edit out the feedback from Bob's speakers while retaining Bob's statements. Also, there seems to be a bad connection which apparently broke up my voice on the Skype recording. Next time I will record outside of this software. Thank you for your patience and understanding. -Ryan G. Banister | MFMP, Bob Greenyer, ULTR, crop circles, BLP, Brillouin, GRANDER, Judy Wood, Directed Free Energy, John Hutchison, Ken Shoulders, Salvatore Pais | Ryan G, Banister from the Field Interference website interviews Bob Greenyer over a wide-ranging topics centred around his and the MFMP's projects and Bob's overview of Cold Fusion, LENR and EVOs | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kifc5dcV2QM | ||||||
| 4936 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Device and method for generating and manipulating coherent matter waves - Max Planck Society 1999 | Lockheed Martin, Patent, John Hutchison, coherent matter waves | A discussion in the context of MFMP and others work, of one of the references to the 2011 Lockheed Martin patent that was assigned to the same group that had previous to the application, investigated John Hutchison samples | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ftzVFU-P0U | https://insight.rpxcorp.com/patent/US6476383B1 https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/03/ce/8b/79a466f75c7f39/US9502202.pdf | |||||||
| 4937 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Magnetic Skyrmion | 17th October 2021 | Bob shows and discusses further examples of Skyrmions, with emphasis on their magnetic effects. With live commentary. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-9kGPs00i0 | ||||||||
| 4976 | Journal Article | Luciano, O.,F., de Andrade Delvonei, A. | 2021 | Preliminary Survey on Cold Fusion: It’s Not Pathological Science and May Require Revision of Nuclear Theory | Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry | Nuclear Engineering Center, São Paulo, Brazil. | cold fusion, Pons, Fleishmann | Since 1989 the announcement of “cold fusion” by Stanley Pons and Martin Fleishmann, “cold fusion” field has been surrounded by controversy. After three decades, this field is alive and has produced thousands of publications, most in dedicated periodic and conferences. This work aims at checking whether “cold fusion” fits in pathological science traits. For each type of experiment and year, this work counted the distinct research groups results (success or failure). Experimental results from many research groups suggest that nuclear reactions in solids are more complex than fusion (it is not only fusion) and that they need energy triggers like background radiation, meaning chemical configurations alone do not seem to generate nuclear reactions. Some types of experiments present rising trends (the field does not fit in pathological science model) and have potential to bring disruptive technologies. If confirmed, experimental results will require revisions of accepted nuclear models. | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1572665721008973 | https://e-catworld.com/2021/11/18/paper-preliminary-survey-on-cold-fusion-its-not-pathological-science-and-may-require-revision-of-nuclear-theory-journal-of-electroanalytical-chemistry/ | |||||
| 4939 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | RadiaCode 101 - Android app, Mushrooms & LION 4RadiaCode 101 - Android app, Mushrooms & LION 4 | MFMP | Oct 22, 2021 | Another review is here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9vEbnqZw9o | RadiaCode, Android, alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays | Bob tests his newly acquired RadiaCode and Android App combination pocket radiation analyser on a number of everyday and then specific instances. | https://youtu.be/26gCZ5ttXUQ | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68yePkYLXRM | ||||
| 4940 | Video | Greenyer, R.W., Biberian, J.P. | 2021 | Electron Scavengers Splitting water and fuel cells. | Presentation to the Russian Cold Nuclear Transmutation & Ball Lightning meeting on Wed 20th | Palladium, Hydrogen | Following a re-broadcasting of Jean-Paul Biberian's presentation of his Frank Gordon Lattice Energy Converter (LEC) replication, Bob discusses other potentially related aspects with respect to VEGA and ULTR that came about after investigating the potential of higher order iron oxides and MFMP director Alan Goldwater’s own LEC replication. Jean-Paul Biberian's paper is entitled "Direct Electrical Power Generation with Palladium and Iron in a Hydrogen Atmosphere" and it was part of a presentation to the Russian Cold Nuclear Transmutation & Ball Lightning meeting on Wed 20th | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9_czIl4gTQ | doi:10.1039/b003977m doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2004.03.0 | ||||||
| 4941 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Bringing 4 H together | What do Takaaki Matsumoto, Brillouin Energy Corporation & Clean Planet have in common? | What do Takaaki Matsumoto, Brillouin Energy Corporation & Clean Planet have in common? Bob examines this question in a Vido presentation with live feedback | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHdYPo0PDsU | Bob's translation of reference [1]. Boiler by "nuclear fusion / heat" is put into practical use, heat is taken out by metal laminated chip. 金属水素間新規熱反応, Poster, August 2018 My translation of reference [3]. New thermal reaction between metallic hydrogen, Poster, August 2018 Takahashi, Akito, October 2021, MHE nuclear-like thermal power generation and guiding TSC theory Experiment Findings Takahashi, Akito, February 2011, Progress in Condensed Cluster Fusion Theory Vol 4, Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science Matsumoto, T. (1990). Observation of New Particles Emitted during Cold Fusion. Fusion Technology, 18(2), 356–360. doi:10.13182/fst90-a29308 | |||||||
| 4942 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Lion 4 Teardown | Remote View | Sunday 7th November 2021 | Live Video presentation with viewer feedback | The LION 4 reactor disassembled and looked at with microscopy. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/lion-lion-4-teardown | ||||||
| 4943 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Matsumoto - Collected papers 1989-1999 to be released | Remote View | Nov 20th, 2021 | I want this to have corrected language and updated images where better source can be found and possibly add an addendum, with some of his papers that are referenced in the index, but that are not included in this collection. So I need a few volunteers to help proof read and correct the text. | On the 18th November 2021, I announced that my friend Sho in Japan had obtained, from the author, verbal permission for me to scan and publish Dr. Takaaki Matsumoto’s 1989-1999 collected works. Dr. Matsumoto is a life-long nuclear scientist who leveraged his experience in radiographic photography and more, to gain unique insights into what was going on in his simple to conduct experiments. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/matsumoto-collected-papers-1989-1999 | ||||||
| 4944 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Dynamics of Moving Electron Vortices | Remote View | 5th December, 2021 | Is mainstream science finally, publicly taking EVOs seriously? | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/dynamics-of-moving-electron-vortices | Yue, D. N., Chen, M., Geng, P. F., Yuan, X. H., Weng, S. M., Bulanov, S. S., … Zhang, J. (2021). Dynamics of moving electron vortices and magnetic ring in laser plasma interaction. Physics of Plasmas, 28(4), 042303. doi:10.1063/5.0034098 Exotic Vacuum Objects (EVOs) are related to the natural phenomenon of Ball Lightning, here is what the US Air Force felt about leveraging ball lighting for compact fusion in 1993 based on research done from 1973 onwards. Roth, J. R. (1995). Ball Lightning: What Nature is Trying to Tell the Plasma Research Community. Fusion Technology, 27(3), 255–270. doi:10.13182/fst95-a30388 | ||||||
| 4945 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Explaining the SKL on the one year VEGA-EVO Blaster video anniversary | Remote View | EVOs, electrons, Xenon Lamps, Soft X-Rays, UV, Photo-ionisation | What is necessary is hopefully obvious from my presentation. I would start with a Xenon HID with a number of controllable parameters (one could be frequency), and then use a means to detect EUV and adjust until one started hitting EUV photons with energy above the first ionisation energy of Xenon as calculated in my presentation, at that point the device will feed back and become a current source. EXCEPT, it is really hard to measure EUV - I suggest getting some phosphors that would respond to the EUV as a guide and then look for electrical anomalies. A detailed method is given in the BrLP paper linked below. Whatever one does, one wants to encourage the formation of solitons. This is achieved in a these HIDs by a fast dI/dT as defined by Shoulders having studied John Hutchison’s work. I think there would be a relay in the circuit which may be triggered on a particular detected forward current (or other simple parameter), I believe one must first initiate the strike with the Xenon ballast, which will build EVOs, possibly with field based trap (I have mentioned many times that Shoulders used a penning trap) to focus them in the core as they grow, these will be pumped a little and then allowed to collapse into the anode. Rinse, repeat. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/explaining-the-skl-on-the-one-year | |||||||
| 4946 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Make and Break | Remote View | Dec 20th, 2021 | What happens in an EVO life-cycle? What happens when they grow and when they die? Notes on operational mode It is likely that it should be somewhere between corona and anomalous glow (AG) regime rather than spark. King states it should be AG and is probably right. Corona discharge is what Lord Raleigh used in the 1930s and the Correa team also, to see excess. Same with Claytor (proved production of Tritium) and Papp (to build Charge Clusters) and Savvatimovva (most recently presented at ICCF-23) and the ECCO generator of Suhas Ralkar. In fact, Suhas said that if he goes from corona to spark - his fuel containing tubes blew up and the reactor was broken. This is akin to the deliberate blowing up of charge clusters in Papp. Likewise Hutchison needed to have neutral self-similar EVO fragments leaving his discharges in order to interact with metals some distance from his discharges, so violent destruction was appropriate. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/make-and-break | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cc_k6dskp5g&feature=emb_imp_woyt https://youtu.be/MBQYArxDrdg https://youtu.be/zIt6AVOZJaM https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/ba/f8/e8/2562bd8bdf1ffa/US5123039.pdf https://www.intalek.com/Index/Projects/Research/ColdElectricity.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0506124.pdf https://youtu.be/gcF-KSLIAWs https://youtu.be/_jV_XVgMRiA https://youtu.be/BhitBhess2E | ||||||
| 4947 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Dynamics of moving electron vortices and magnetic ring | Dec 6, 2021 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84Yqea-GhaY | https://sci-hub.se/10.1063/5.0034098 tiny.cc/7nswtz tiny.cc/ybswtz https://www.sci-hub.se/10.1134/S1063784219040066 | ||||||||
| 4948 | All | Yue, D. N., Chen, M., Geng, P. F., Yuan, X. H., Weng,S. M., Bulanov, S. S., Bulanov, S. V., Mima, K., Sheng, Z. M., Zhang. J. | 2021 | Dynamics of moving electron vortices and magnetic ring in laser plasma interaction | Physics of Plasmas, Volume 28, Issue 4 | AIP | Submitted: 22 October 2020 Accepted: 21 March 2021 Published Online: 21 April 2021 | Bob Reviews this paper on YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84Yqea-GhaY | Energy production, transmission and distribution, Vortex dynamics, Magnetic fields, Particle-in-cell method, Laser plasma interactions, Plasma properties and parameters, Magnetic energy, Turbulent flows | Moving electron vortices have been observed in laser interaction with non-uniform near-critical-density plasma by multi-dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations. In two dimensional geometry, there are two vortices with opposite magnetic polarity, moving perpendicularly to the plasma density gradient direction. The field distribution and particle motion composing such a moving structure have been clearly observed in simulations, which explains the vortex motion. Two components of loop currents are formed around each electron vortex, which dominate the vortex motion. The moving velocity can be as large as a 0.2 | https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0034098 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84Yqea-GhaY | A Key Paper | ||
| 4949 | Video | DAVE, MFMP | 2021 | XENO - Test 02 - DAVE | Dave's notes "This was taken with the xenon lamp connected across the capacitor bank through a series spark gap, with only a 3meg resistor between the rectifier and capacitors. With the series spark gap it has this punch sound to it that you don't get without the Spark Gap in series. I only have #10 welding glass so its a bit dark." | https://youtu.be/sIQxHkN0dp0 | |||||||||
| 4950 | Video | Clarage, M. | 2021 | Solar Gamma Rays—Not So Much | Thunderbolts | Dec 26, 2021 | Bob Greenyer Comments: In a recent ‘Thunderbolts’ video shared with me by LION, the narrator, Michael Clarage discussed the phenomena of total electron stripping of atoms that I believe is possible in Exotic Vacuum Objects. Leonid Urutskoyev had been investigating the implications of this nearly 20 years ago, something I discussed when reviewing the early 2000s Kouropoulos paper. My understanding however, was derived independently, firstly from the magnetic flux loops in LION. I am amazed, at how some people fail to understand the significance of that hard physical data. Then secondly and more specifically, from similar flux loop structures on the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Projects’ Hutchison Fracture sample. Together, I believe these features explain many phenomena on our sun, via indelible evidence. | Sun, Gamma Rays, Electric Model, Alfven, Total Electron Stripping, EVO | The Sun puts out very few gamma rays as detailed in “The Sun Is Spitting Out Strange Patterns of Gamma Rays—and No One Knows Why” posted on Scientific American. It seems there are very few gamma rays in the entire Universe, at least in comparison to the number of photons that we see with our eyes. Astrophysicist and Lead Scientist of The SAFIRE Project, Michael Clarage, PhD—reviewed Donald E. Scott's and Hannes Alfvén’s models of the Sun’s electrical connection to its larger environment, and discussed gamma ray data with Wal Thornhill—explains how electricity can help us think through the gamma ray mystery. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cuiBf8TCt0A | ||||||
| 4951 | All | DAVE, MFMP | 2021 | XENO - Test 01 - DAVE | Bob Greenyer Comments: Sharing as fast as possible is the goal here - the description as given so far is in the video description and the live document, more forthcoming. These are quick and dirty tests. | Dave "D3S Xenon headlight bulbs connected to my ORBIT transformer with the full bridge rectifier then series 3MOhms to a capacitor bank then another 3MOhms in series to the bulb." | https://youtu.be/JjBUoKIEDz4 | ||||||||
| 4952 | All | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | XENO | An on-going project, initiated by Bob Greenyer and followed on the MFMP's Quantum Heat website | Introduction One of John Hutchison’s main pieces of equipment in his experiments was a replica of the Tesla Disruptive discharge unit. Tesla used this in mobile demonstrations of his experiments. During Ken Shoulders’ investigation into John Hutcisons’ effects, he established that was to ultimately be called Exotic Vacuum Objects, could best be made with a self-healing cathode made from a mercury wetted tungsten tip launching the electron clusters into a xenon filled chamber. The elements mercury and xenon would be desirable for their high mass, many d and f shell orbital electrons and in the case of xenon, the lowest ionisation energy of the stable noble gasses. Shoulders determined that if a high current short pulse was emitted from a tip and guided through a truncated cone of dielectric, solitons would form that would result in clusters of electrons and ions at great densities that emitted high energy EUV and even soft X-Ray photons. In 1997, having worked with Ken Shoulders for some time, John was faced with the problem of large sparks flying all over his small but well equipped apartment. To get round this, he chose a large searchlight Xenon HID bulb from HMCS Saskatchewan (DDE 262). Later, by 2007, it was replaced with a short-arc HID Xenon bulb similar to those used in commercial cinema projectors (WARNING - these lamps can explode due to positive internal gas pressure). We know that this solution was able to create EVOs also as it produced many of the 2007 Hutchison samples the MFMP has analysed. Indeed some Xenon HID lamps contain W, Xe and Hg, all three preferred elements detailed in Ken Shoulders Patent. | http://www.quantumheat.org/index.php/en/home/mfmp-blog/559-xeno | ||||||||
| 4953 | All | Goldwater, A. | 2021 | Bob Greenyer comments: "MFMP Volunteer Alan Goldwater has been meticulously working on a replication of Frank Gordons "Lattice Energy Convertor" here is the live document." | Lattice Energy Converter, Frank Gordon, replication | In their ICCF23 paper Frank Gordon and Harper Whitehouse reported a gas-mode metal cell that produced a DC current and voltage when the metal cathode was prepared in a certain way.They named the device a Lattice Energy Converter, or LEC. It has been replicated and discussed by several other researchers. In particular, James Stevenson’s lab notes have been published, and will inform the research reported here. In the tests reported here, the concentric tubes of the device were installed in an existing reactor chamber built for replication of Mizuno’s R20 system. That enclosure is a 2.75 inch stainless steel conflat tube 300 mm in length. The data, vacuum, gas, and thermal control systems were all well proven in earlier work. An electrically insulating Conflat end flange was added, made from acrylic plastic ½ inch thick. In this series of tests, a combination of electrolyte (Ammonia, Iron Sulfate, Sodium Citrate) and plating current (1.28v, 90 mA) was found that would yield a smooth and well-adhered coating of black iron on a brass cathode tube. Two of the plated tubes were tested, using a galvanized iron pipe for the outer anode with about 1 mm gap. Neither tube showed any voltage above the typical input bias of the DAQ front-end (168±5 mV @ 10 MΩ). Measurements were done in air and in pure H2 over several days, all at ambient temperature of 18-20°C. No change in voltage was seen. | http://www.quantumheat.org/index.php/en/home/mfmp-blog/558-lec?fbclid=IwAR0wWigSncIIFj0FT_TWvi-ZR63RfXK5suGvUXqIeETbjAAhVwgCMcETBqk | ||||||||
| 4954 | Website of Interest | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project - Facebook page | MFMP, Martin Fleischmann | We Are Quantum Heat, an independent, not for profit, community interest company made up of specialists from science, manufacturing, technology and communications. Our goal is to validate the science of LENR and promote widespread, standardised, replications at reputable research institutions around the world. We believe that once proven, research funding and private capital will flow into the field and result in some amazing, life saving, and life improving products. Our plan is to overcome the hurdle of institutional bias against this type of phenomenon. We aim to make the whole process, from the apparatus and procedures, to the whole plan of the project, transparent and as easy to understandable as possible. The MFMP is for the people and by the people. We are transparent about the plan, the designs, the process, the data and the results. All our research data will be published live to the web for everyone to view. | https://www.facebook.com/MartinFleischmannMemorialProject/ | http://www.quantumheat.org/ https://e-catworld.com/ https://remoteview.substack.com/ https://steemit.com/@mfmp | |||||||
| 4955 | Website of Interest | Iwamura, Y., Ito, T., Kasagi, J., Endo, Y. Yoshino, E., Yoshino, H., Hirano, S. | 2021 | Clean Planet | 2012 | A very professional group. | Quantum Hydrogen Energy | Clean Planet has developed Quantum Hydrogen Energy (QHe), a clean form of energy that generates heat by hydrogen quantum diffusion. The diffusion is induced by saturating a miniscule quantity of hydrogen on nanomaterial composed of inexpensive nickel and copper. Its heat density is at least 10,000 times higher than that of natural gas and it is CO2 emission-free. Quantum Hydrogen Energy is clean energy for the next generation that can replace thermal and nuclear power generation. QHe is a heat-generating reaction that occurs in the quantum diffusion of hydrogen, intensely saturated on nanoscale metal complex materials. | https://www.cleanplanet.co.jp/en/ | ||||||
| 4956 | Website of Interest | Childs, M.J. | 2022 | Aureon | This website has recently updated and now includes a series of videos. | electric fields, electric currents, condensed matter, plasma, SAFIRE reactor | Deep space is not an empty vacuum. It is full of matter: organic molecules, dust, metal. It is also full of electric fields, and electric currents moving through the fields. Electric fields and currents naturally condense matter. This is the condensed matter. It could be made up of any combination of elements. It has a positive charge, deep space has a negative charge. Deep space is 99.99 per cent plasma; plasma is a medium through which electric charge can flow. Positive and negative charges seek equilibrium, but in the context of a star, the can’t find equilibrium. This causes the plasma to ignite and organize into a stellar atmosphere: a sun or star is created. The sun gets all its power from its relationship to the interstellar medium. This process can be replicated in the SAFIRE reactor. | https://aureon.ca/ | https://e-catworld.com/2021/12/31/aureon-energy-update/ | ||||||
| 4957 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | Reconstitution | YouTube | January 2022 | EVO, Matsumoto, tracks, VEGA, MFMP | Bob holds a discussion on what appears to happen when an EVO dies with examples including comparison with tracks shared by Dr. Takaaki Matsumoto in September 1991. Then there is a live investigation of a proposed simulation of how these tracks, caught on witness materials by many researchers and in VEGA videos by MFMP collaborators, might be formed. Also followed on ECW, cited below, together with feedback from there. | https://youtu.be/SATtqr-Dn5M | https://e-catworld.com/2022/01/24/reconstitution-after-the-end-of-an-evo-mfmp-video/ | |||||
| 4958 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | Vibrations in the Steam Room | 29 January 2022 | vibrations, over unity, coherent matter, ECCO reactor, Suhas Ralkar, Takaaki Matsumoto, Stanislav Adamenko, Alexander Shishkin | How unexpected, but thankfully shared, observations may have lead to a deep phenomenological understanding of potential 'over unity' energy conversion processes in a coherent matter system. Special focus is on the functioning of ECCO reactor technology of Suhas Ralkar in context of observations of Dr. Takaaki Matsumoto, Stanislav Adamenko and Alexander Shishkin. Also followed on ECW, cited below | https://youtu.be/5BDPUB0YqyQ | https://e-catworld.com/2022/01/31/vibrations-in-the-steam-room-mfmp-video/ | ||||||
| 4959 | Video | Greenyer, R.W., Fomitchev-Zamilov, M. | 2022 | Cavitation Bubble Fusion Reactor | YouTube | February 2022 | cavitation bubble fusion, deuterium oxide, neutron flux | Dr. Max Fomitchev-Zamilov joins Bob to review his journey that lead him to have potentially discovered an effective way to produce cavitation driven bubble fusion. After his story so far, plans for future work are discussed. Also followed on ECW, cited below | https://youtu.be/z01586zdnM0 | https://e-catworld.com/2022/02/07/cavitation-bubble-fusion-reactor-dr-max-fomitchev-zamilov-new-mfmp-video/ | |||||
| 4960 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | Simple multi-layer radiation detection? | radiation detection, instant photographic film, accumulation | A look at a potentially elegant way to detect radiation using widely available instant film in a non-standard way. Using photographic film in this way is advantageous as it can capture emissions from a large area over a long period of time allowing for accumulation of sporadic or low probability interactions. | https://youtu.be/HO5KKrBxuzQ | ||||||||
| 4961 | Patent | Haisch, B., Moddel, G. | 2005 | Quantum vacuum energy extraction | US7379286B2 | electromagnetic quantum vacuum, Casimir cavity, scalable | A system is disclosed for converting energy from the electromagnetic quantum vacuum available at any point in the universe to usable energy in the form of heat, electricity, mechanical energy or other forms of power. By suppressing electromagnetic quantum vacuum energy at appropriate frequencies a change may be effected in the electron energy levels which will result in the emission or release of energy. Mode suppression of electromagnetic quantum vacuum radiation is known to take place in Casimir cavities. A Casimir cavity refers to any region in which electromagnetic modes are suppressed or restricted. When atoms enter into suitable micro Casimir cavities a decrease in the orbital energies of electrons in atoms will thus occur. Such energy will be captured in the claimed devices. Upon emergence form such micro Casimir cavities the atoms will be re-energized by the ambient electromagnetic quantum vacuum. In this way energy is extracted locally and replenished globally from and by the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. This process may be repeated an unlimited number of times. This process is also consistent with the conservation of energy in that all usable energy does come at the expense of the energy content of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Similar effects may be produced by acting upon molecular bonds. Devices are described in which gas is recycled through a multiplicity of Casimir cavities. The disclosed devices are scalable in size and energy output for applications ranging from replacements for small batteries to power plant sized generators of electricity. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US7379286B2/en | https://e-catworld.com/2022/02/16/article-zero-point-energy-infinite-possibilities-medium-com/ https://medium.com/predict/zero-point-energy-infinite-possibilities-f66fb3e4aeb2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stochastic_electrodynamics https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344897337_Extraction_of_Zero-Point_Energy_from_the_Vacuum_Assessment_of_Stochastic_Electrodynamics-Based_Approach_as_Compared_to_Other_Methods | ||||||
| 4962 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | Safe and Sound | February 20, 2022 | Bob discusses the potential implication of apparent data from sound experiments with consideration to piezo electric conversion from and to electromagnetic waves. Live feedback | https://youtu.be/DwB7OcPXPeU | ||||||||
| 4963 | Magazine Article | Amos, J. | 2022 | Major breakthrough on nuclear fusion energy | BBC News Website | Culham in Oxfordshire | Steven Krivit is a long time critic of the ITER project which JET supports: http://news.newenergytimes.net/iter-fusion-power-output-consumption-facts-and-falsehoods/ | JET, hot nuclear fusion, deuterium - tritium reaction, Tokamak, torus, plasma, magnetic confinement, ITER | European scientists say they have made a major breakthrough in their quest to develop practical nuclear fusion - the energy process that powers the stars. The UK-based JET laboratory has smashed its own world record for the amount of energy it can extract by squeezing together two forms of hydrogen. If nuclear fusion can be successfully recreated on Earth it holds out the potential of virtually unlimited supplies of low-carbon, low-radiation energy. The experiments produced 59 megajoules of energy over five seconds (11 megawatts of power). This is more than double what was achieved in similar tests back in 1997. It's not a massive energy output - only enough to boil about 60 kettles' worth of water. But the significance is that it validates design choices that have been made for an even bigger fusion reactor now being constructed in France. Also covered in ECW, cited below, with feedback | https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60312633 | https://e-catworld.com/2022/02/09/major-breakthrough-reported-in-nuclear-fusion-experiments/ | ||||
| 4964 | Journal Article | Baramsai, B., Benyo, T., Forsley, L., Steinetz, B. | 2022 | NASA’s New Shortcut to Fusion Power: Lattice confinement fusion eliminates massive magnets and powerful lasers | IEEE Spectrum | IEEE | 27 Feb 2022 | The authors explain that they have experimentally observed ‘screened fusion’ where an energetic deuteron fuses with another deuteron in a metal lattice, releasing energy and causing further fusion reactions. They say they have also achieved nuclear reactions with deuterium gas in palladium-silver tubing. More technical detail is provided in the paper. | NASA, Fusion, Lattice Confinement | PHYSICISTS FIRST SUSPECTED more than a century ago that the fusing of hydrogen into helium powers the sun. It took researchers many years to unravel the secrets by which lighter elements are smashed together into heavier ones inside stars, releasing energy in the process. And scientists and engineers have continued to study the sun’s fusion process in hopes of one day using nuclear fusion to generate heat or electricity. But the prospect of meeting our energy needs this way remains elusive. | https://spectrum.ieee.org/lattice-confinement-fusion | https://e-catworld.com/2022/02/28/article-nasas-new-shortcut-to-fusion-power-ieee-spectrum/ | |||
| 4965 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | Brown/Ohmasa gas effect replication | YouTube | Data and images are published here: https://remoteview.substack.com/p/brownohmasa-gas-effect-replication?s=w | Brown's Gas, Ohmasa Gas, Alan Goldwater, Coherent Matter | Here’s a video from the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project, in which Bob Greenyer discusses the role of Ohmasa/Brown’s gas in LENR/Cold Fusion observations. Bob writes: 'Working with David Boutilier’s engineering and experimentation and Alan Goldwater’s analysis at his Magic Sound Lab, it appears as if some of our previous Ohmasa gas observations have been replicated. What does it mean? Is there any support in prior literature?' | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ndiA2RutUic | https://e-catworld.com/2022/03/15/new-mfmp-video-brown-ohmasa-gas-effect-replication/ | |||||
| 4966 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | VEGA - Clarity | EVO, Itonic Clusters, Ball Lightning | Has the VEGA eastern plateau unlocked the way EVOs/Itonic Clusters/Ball lightning forms, acts and dies? | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTMgCAPXbM4&t=8s | https://e-catworld.com/2022/04/22/vega-a-clear-view-from-the-vega-valley-eastern-plateau-bob-greenyer/ | |||||||
| 4967 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | OHMA - Plain and Pd coated steel vibrator plate SEM-EDS data review | YouTube | Streamed live on May 2, 2022 | Has 'O-Day' Arrived? | Bob explains how he 'hijacked' his own video: 'I was meant to be presenting something else then I got an answer from one of the Russian community to the question I had asked referring to some of my previous research – the respondent, Vladimir Mikhailovich, sent the Soviet Era research paper as his reply – so I hijacked my own presentation 30 mins before I started it' Bob talks about the paper and provides translations from it in the video. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03MIaic_lT4 | https://e-catworld.com/2022/05/02/has-o-day-arrived-bob-greenyer-video/ | |||||
| 4968 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | Hutchison Effect - The sword in the stone | Apr 25 | Hutchison, VEGA Valley, SEM, EDS, MFMP | In the context of recent observations on the VEGA Valley, Bob takes a look at the SEM/EDS data from MFMP Hutchison sample 20 'The Knee' and discuss microscopy of one of the most famous Hutchison samples, 'the sword in the stone'. | https://youtu.be/9F7MFpZ0OUU | |||||||
| 4969 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | O-Day – Game 0-ver | YouTube | May 16, 2022 | Bob Comments: " They had 3 years to reveal 'O' and a further 2 to come clean. As predicted, they went for scorched Earth. No more nonsense resource scarcity wars and military subjugation for profit, it’s GAME 'O' VER… Are you 'READY' to 'LEVEL UP' humanity? Time for a 'NEW GAME. " | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2c6QYc8yWo https://drive.google.com/file/d/13H6HOFG8MryIBoPvXSAThs21KzKesaMW/view?usp=sharing | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2c6QYc8yWo | ||||||
| 4972 | Video | Clarage, M. | 2022 | The Light of Life | light, living cells, seeds, DNA | Michael Clarage is the lead scientist of the SAFIRE Project (https://www.safireproject.com/) In this Video, he discusses research that shows that living cells emit light, and that this light can change the behavior of other cells. Some examples include the fact that seeds do not emit light during the winter, but during spring time it does. Also, the human body emits light to a greater degree in the summer compared to winter. He discusses how our DNA is an antenna that both absorbs and emits light and information. | https://youtu.be/byqsJE4ZHxM | https://e-catworld.com/2022/05/16/video-the-light-of-life-michael-clarage/ | |||||||
| 4971 | Website of Interest | Greenyer, R.W. | 2020 | Remote View | Greenyer, R.W. | Substack | Well worth the subscription | O-Day, VEGA, fractal EM toroids, oscillating magnetic fields, 'Bagels', LION, MTEC, electric discharges, Strange Radiation, EVOs, Hutchison Effect, ULTRA, Brown's Gas, Ohmasa Gas, Parkhomov, Matsumoto, LENR, Fukushima, Monopoles, Coherent Matter, cavitation, radionuclide remediation, solitons | A subscriber-only site, which Bob Greenyer (Robert William Greenyer B.Eng. (Hons.)) has been running since November 2020. Anyone may subscribe to one of a range of schemes but perhaps the most economical one is yearly for $US50. Bob sends out regular articles on all things related to his ongoing work and that of the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project (see Keywords). | https://remoteview.substack.com/ | |||||
| 4973 | Journal Article | Gordon, F.E., Whitehouse, H.J. | 2022 | Lattice Energy Converter | Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science | 35 (2022) 30-48 | Direct energy conversion, Ionizing radiation electricity generation | Multiple implementations of a Lattice Energy Converter (LEC) have demonstrated the ability to self-initiate and self-sustain the production of a voltage and current over extended periods of time. A LEC converts the internal energy within the lattice of some materials, such as palladium, or of gases occluded within the lattice, such as hydrogen or deuterium, into ionizing radiation and electrical energy. Experiments include tests where the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the LEC were measured when an external voltage/current was applied, as well as other I-V tests where the spontaneous LEC voltage was measured as a function of temperature and resistance. LEC voltage and current has been shown to increase with increased temperature. The electrical power produced by a LEC is similar to that produced by a nuclear battery however, a LEC does not require radioactive materials. While the energy levels produced to date are several orders of magnitude below those required for most power sources, the calculated flux of ionizing radiation necessary to produce the experimentally measured voltage and current would require the equivalent of several curies of radiation. These results have been independently replicated by two individuals. A video of the Lattice Energy Converter presentation, from the 2021 LENR workshop in honor of Dr. Srinivasan, is available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4dzTWY_aWM This paper expands on the YouTube video presentation with additional analysis that supports the observed experimental results. | https://www.lenr-canr.org/acrobat/BiberianJPjcondensedzh.pdf#page=36 | ||||||
| 4974 | Journal Article | Axil, A. | 2022 | The Magnetic Singularity in the EVO | E-Cat World | Acland, F. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_monopole | Magnetic Monopole, EVO, Skyrmion, quasiparticle, polariton, Dirac, magnetic charge | The following post was posted by Axil Axil in a comment. This post explores implications that involves the existence of the magnetic singularity that appears in the EVO as described in Bob Greenyer’s lecture on the Skyrmion formation of the EVO. My post will attempt to explain the theory behind how an EVO can remediate nuclear waste. One implication is the existence of a magnetic monopole as an implication of the magnetic singularity generated by the Skyrmion. I contend that this singularity is the magnetic monopole that science has been looking for over a hundred years. First I contend that the particle that forms the EVO is a electron that has been reformed by removing it mass and charge to just leave its spin. This changeless and massless quasiparticle is called a polariton. I further contend that this particle is the Dirac magnetic charge. The polariton is the quantum of magnetic charge. | https://e-catworld.com/2021/10/18/the-magnetic-singularity-in-the-evo-axil-axil/ | |||||
| 4975 | Patent | Childs, M. W. | 2021 | Plasma heating apparatus, system and method | USPO | plasma, heating, boiler, cathode, gas, double layer, Paschen's Law | A plasma heating apparatus including a boiler vessel for holding water to be heated, a cathode housed in the vessel, the cathode defining a watertight cathode chamber isolated from the water in the vessel, and, an anode housed in the cathode chamber, the anode including an internal passage for receiving a gas from outside of the vessel when the passage is connected to a gas supply, and wherein the anode is connectable to a power source for receiving power for generating a plasma in the cathode chamber. In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a heat or power generating system or plant including the plasma heating apparatus. | https://patents.google.com/patent/US11112109B1/en?assignee=Aureon+Energy+Ltd.&sort=new | https://e-catworld.com/2021/10/26/aureon-energy-patent-plasma-heating-apparatus-system-and-method/ | ||||||
| 4977 | Project | Greenyer, R.W. | 2021 | Replication of Potential EVO Powered Energy Generator | Ongoing Google Project by the MFMP | XENON, bulb, HID | https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MCRwzmP7CnJx43KOA6SJO1BGDp577FP2SnvMJNj7iEg/edit | https://e-catworld.com/2021/12/18/mfmp-project-xeno-replication-of-potential-evo-powered-energy-generator/ | |||||||
| 4978 | Journal Article | Chukanov, K. | 2022 | The Chukanov Quantum Generator | quantum generator, EVO | Mr. Chukanov found a way to start and keep the EVO alive for unlimited time, using special chamber inside an industrial microwave. But this generator produce heat, not electricity directly | http://energyrevolution.space/index.php/en/about-2/operating-principle-of-utility-model-4015 | https://e-catworld.com/2022/09/17/the-chukanov-quantum-generator/ | |||||||
| 4979 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | O-Day - Magnets & Mushrooms | Remote View | YouTube | Review of "O-Day - Gravity transformation" Explaining the hydrodynamic (magnetohydrodynamic) ULTR experiment, HHO and more | https://youtu.be/2MGR0G-0LEM | |||||||
| 4980 | Conference Proceedings | The Organisers | 2022 | ICCF24 Solid State Energy Summit Conference Abstracts | Mountain View, California, USA | July 25 - 28, 2022 | Abstracts, ICCF24, Solid State Energy | Abstracts for both papers and presentations. | https://www.iccf24.org/_files/ugd/d37f88_29485442383545328a55eaf7c6b70616.pdf | ||||||
| 4981 | Conference Proceedings | Frazier, C.L. | 2022 | ICCF24 Solid-State Energy Summit: Day by Day Commentary | Infinite Energy Magazine | Mountain View, California | July 25 - 28, 2022 | ICCF24, Solid State Energy, Conference | Commentary on each day of this conference | http://www.infinite-energy.com/resources/ICCF24-Solid-State-Energy-Summit.html | |||||
| 4982 | Journal Article | Alexandrov, D. | 2022 | Low-energy nuclear fusion reactions in solids: Experiments | Wiley Online Library | Wiley | LENR, deuterium, helium He3, He4, molybdenum, palladium, nanowires | Replicable experimental results about low-energy nuclear fusion reactions based on initially reacting deuterium nuclei giving cold nuclear fusion synthesis of helium (both isotopes 3He and 4He) and energy release as final products are reported in this article. These final products are results of interaction of deuterium with the solids in experimental system including two specimens: molybdenum metal and palladium nanowires. Experimental proofs about cold nuclear fusion synthesis of both 3He and 4He are provided. It reported a correlation between concentration of the generated helium and the measured temperature of the sample holder. It is found that the concentrations of both 3He and 4He increase with increase of the kinetic energies of the interacting deuterium nuclei and also with increase of the temperature of the sample holder. | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/er.6356 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.6356 | ||||||
| 4983 | Journal Article | Alexandrov, D. | 2022 | Low-energy nuclear fusion reactions in solids: Experiments | Wiley Online Library | Wiley | LENR, deuterium, helium He3, He4, molybdenum, palladium, nanowires | Replicable experimental results about low-energy nuclear fusion reactions based on initially reacting deuterium nuclei giving cold nuclear fusion synthesis of helium (both isotopes 3He and 4He) and energy release as final products are reported in this article. These final products are results of interaction of deuterium with the solids in experimental system including two specimens: molybdenum metal and palladium nanowires. Experimental proofs about cold nuclear fusion synthesis of both 3He and 4He are provided. It reported a correlation between concentration of the generated helium and the measured temperature of the sample holder. It is found that the concentrations of both 3He and 4He increase with increase of the kinetic energies of the interacting deuterium nuclei and also with increase of the temperature of the sample holder. | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/er.6356 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.6356 | ||||||
| 4984 | Journal Article | Hubler, G.K. | 2022 | A Possible Heuristic Explanation of Exotic Vacuum Objects (EVO's, Charge Clusters) | ResearchGate | Exotic Vacuum Clusters, EVO, Charge Clusters, Ken Shoulders, soliton, micro shaped charge, Vacuum Arc, Pulsed Electron Beam, Pulsed Laser | In early 90's, Ken Shoulders was granted 5 patents on Exotic Vacuum Objects (EVO) claiming that they were a new form of matter. He produced many monographs about them and suggested they were the physics that explained cold fusion. In Ken Shoulders words, EVO's are, "Highly organized, micron-sized clusters of electrons, having soliton behavior, with electron populations density on the order of Avogadro's number per cm 3 (A typical 2µm EVO has a population of 10 11 to 10 13 electrons). When interacted with solid material, these charge clusters perform a low-energy phase transformation type of atomic disruption that liquefies the lattice and propels the material to a high velocity without apparent signs of conventional heating. Using an ordinary thermal interpretation, a thermal gradient for bulk material greater than 26,000 degrees C per micrometer would be required to achieve these effects". This paper presents lessons from thin film deposition methods like Vacuum Arc, Pulsed Electron beam, Pulsed Laser whose commonality with EVO generation is pulse energy impingement on a target. Rather than the hypothesis of a "new form of matter" as an explanation of EVO's, it is hypothesized that generation of a micro shaped-charge, in analogy with explosively formed shaped-charge munitions, can explain the characteristics of surfaces that were struck by EVO's. This hypothesis reproduces the effects that are underlined in the text above. | 364331067_A_Possible_Heuristic_Explanation_of_Exotic_Vacuum_Objects_EVO's_Charge_Clusters | https://e-catworld.com/2022/10/23/new-paper-by-graham-hubler-a-possible-heuristic-explanation-of-exotic-vacuum-objects-evos-charge-clusters/ | ||||||
| 4985 | Video | Greenyer, R.W. | 2022 | O-Day – Understanding True Charge Separation | https://books.google.com/books/about/Secrets_of_Cold_War_Technology.html?id=s5u_PAAACAAJ | HAARP, Charge Separation | Bob Greenyer of the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project has posted a new video titled “O-Day – Understanding True Charge Separation” In the video he reviews a book titled Secrets of Cold War Technology: Project HAARP and Beyond by Gerry Vassilatos, which discusses military technology research from the cold war era which the author claims resulted in the development of ” an amazing radiation technology far in advance of any system known. Currently and routinely utilised, it has remained a well guarded ‘open secret’ for decades.” | https://youtu.be/A9cDxPmnWQw | https://e-catworld.com/2022/10/17/new-mfmp-video-o-day-understanding-true-charge-separation/ | ||||||
| 4986 | Journal Article | Hodby, E., Hechenblaikner, G., Hopkins, S.A., Maragò, O.M., Foot, C.J. | 2002 | Vortex Nucleation in Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Oblate, Purely Magnetic Potential | VOLUME 88, NUMBER 1 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 7 JANUARY 2002 | Vortex Nucleation, Bose Einstein Condensate, Magnetic Potential | We have investigated the formation of vortices by rotating the purely magnetic potential confining a Bose-Einstein condensate. We modified the bias field of an axially symmetric TOP trap to create an elliptical potential that rotates in the radial plane. This enabled us to study the conditions for vortex nucleation over a wide range of eccentricities and rotation rates. | https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.010405 | |||||||
| 4987 | Journal Article | Kobayashi, M., Tsubota, M. | 2007 | Quantum turbulence in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate | VOLUME 88, NUMBER 1 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 7 JANUARY 2002 | quantum turbulence, Bose-Einstein Condensate | We study quantum turbulence in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates by numerically solving the GrossPitaevskii equation. Combining rotations around two axes, we successfully induce quantum turbulent state in which quantized vortices are not crystallized but tangled. The obtained spectrum of the incompressible kinetic energy is consistent with the Kolmogorov law, the most important statistical law in turbulence. | https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.76.045603 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.76.045603 | |||||||
| 4988 | Journal Article | E. A. L. Henn,1,* J. A. Seman,1 G. Roati,2 K. M. F. Magalha˜es,1 and V. S. Bagnato | 2009 | Emergence of Turbulence in an Oscillating Bose-Einstein Condensate | PRL 103, 045301 (2009) Selected for a Viewpoint in Physics PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS week ending 24 JULY 2009 | turbulence, oscillating, Bose Einstein Condensate | We report on the experimental observation of vortex tangles in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 87Rb atoms when an external oscillatory perturbation is introduced in the trap. The vortex tangle configuration is a signature of the presence of a turbulent regime in the cloud. We also show that this turbulent cloud suppresses the aspect ratio inversion typically observed in quantum degenerate bosonic gases during free expansion. Instead, the cloud expands keeping the ratio between their axis constant. Turbulence in atomic superfluids may constitute an alternative system to investigate decay mechanisms as well as to test fundamental theoretical aspects in this field | https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.045301 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.045301 | |||||||
| 4989 | Video | Greenyer, R. W. | 2022 | VEGA - 15mm BL cut - scallops and EVO self organisation | MFMP | This is part one of a two part look at the area around a 15mm Ball Lightning cut into a copper pipe. A high level of detail of the scalloped cut side wall showing something very different from melting occurred. Several levels of self organised EVO witness marks are characterised. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CPX7gmRmeq0 | ||||||||
| 4990 | Report | Tsubota, M. | 2008 | Quantized Vortices and Quantum Turbulence | ・ M. Tsubota, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.77 (2008) 111006 ・ Progress in Low Temperature Physics Vol.16, eds. W. P. Halperin and M. Tsubota, Elsevier, 2009 | Quantized Vortices, Quantum Turbulence | Summary 0. Introduction Basics of Quantum Hydrodynamics of the GP model, Brief research history of QT 1. Vortex lattice formation in a rotating BEC 2. QT by the GP model -Energy spectrum3. QT in atomic BECs 4. Quantized vortices in two-component BECs Quantum Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, QT | https://www.kwasan.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ndams/presentation/tsubota.pdf | |||||||
| 4991 | Journal Article | Nevessky, N.E. | 1993 | Electromagnetic fields of current structures | Translation (V.02) from Electricity Journal, 1993, pp. 49-52 article by Bob W. Greenyer B. Eng. | Current structures of various complexity are often used as nodes in all kinds of electronic circuits. Each of such structures, powered by alternating current, creates an electromagnetic field in the surrounding space with a characteristic configuration reflecting the features of the emitting structure. Reference books usually provide expressions for the field of a dipole or, at best, for a ring with a current. There are no formulas for fields of current structures of higher order, although these fields are very interesting in their own right. | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VvqSZwyOYoCv_BbVXaS1vHUHKJWdUtSK/view | ||||||||
| 4992 | Journal Article | Fryberger, D. | 1994 | A MODEL FOR BALL LIGHTNING | SLAC–PUB–6473 October 1994 (T/E) | Invited talk presented at the First International Workshop on the Unidentified Atmospheric Light Phenomena in Hessdalen, Hessdalen, Norway, March 23–27, 1994. Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE–AC03–76SF00515. | ball lightning, vorton, plasma, Hessdalen, atmospheric luminous phenomena | A model for ball lightning (BL) is described. It is based upon the vorton model for elementary particles, which exploits the symmetry between electricity and magnetism. The core, or driving engine, of BL in this model is comprised of a vorton-antivorton plasma. The energy of BL, which derives from nucleon decay catalyzed by this plasma, leads, through various mechanisms, to BL luminosity as well as to other BL features. It is argued that this model could also be a suitable explanation for other luminous phenomena, such as the unidentified atmospheric light phenomena seen at Hessdalen. It is predicted that BL and similar atmospheric luminous phenomena should manifest certain features unique to this model, which would be observable with suitable instrumentation. | https://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/slacpubs/6250/slac-pub-6473.pdf | ||||||
| 4993 | Journal Article | Zhvirblis, V. E. | 1995 | The Bagel Game | Translation from Chemistry of Life 1995 article by Bob W. Greenyer B. Eng. – RemoteView.ICU OBSERVATIONS | Some things, the existence of which cannot be proved or considered probable, but which, precisely because pious and conscientious people treat them as something that really exists, come a little nearer to being able to exist and be born. - H. Hesse. The Bead Game About seven years ago, in a Moscow basement, which housed a mysterious organization, the employees of which did not really know where it came from and where it disappeared to, I saw a real ghost. But the ghost was not in the style of the English one - with chains, sad sighs, etc. - but quite modern, scientifically referred to as an electromagnetic phantom. | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t4DQ5nXCd3jxKEsIDI-rAbzY65zkRvfo/view | ||||||||
| 4994 | Journal Article | Fryberger, D. | 2009 | A Ball Lightning Model as a Possible Explanation of Recently Reported Cavity Lights* | SLAC-PUB-13583 April 2009 | SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory | Ball Lightning, Cavity Lights, mobile luminous objects, superconducting accelerator cavities, dyality rotation | The salient features of cavity lights, in particular, mobile luminous objects (MLO’s), as have been experimentally observed in superconducting accelerator cavities, are summarized. A model based upon standard electromagnetic interactions between a small particle and the 1.5 GHz cavity excitation field is described. This model can explain some features of these data, in particular, the existence of particle orbits without wall contact. While this result is an important success for the model, it is detailed why the model as it stands is incomplete. It is argued that no avenues for a suitable extension of the model through established physics appear evident, which motivates an investigation of a model based upon a more exotic object, ball lightning. As discussed, further motivation derives from the fact that there are significant similarities in many of the qualitative features of ball lightning and MLO’s, even though they appear in quite different circumstances and differ in scale by orders of magnitude. The ball lightning model, which incorporates electromagnetic charges and currents, is based on a symmetrized set of Maxwell's equations in which the electromagnetic sources and fields are characterized by a process called dyality rotation. It is shown that a consistent mathematical description of dyality rotation as a physical process can be achieved by adding suitable (phenomenological) current terms to supplement the usual current terms in the symmetrized Maxwell's equations. These currents, which enable the conservation of electric and magnetic charge, are called vacuum currents. It is shown that the proposed ball lightning model offers a good qualitative explanation of the perplexing aspects of the MLO data. Avenues for further study are indicated. | https://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/slacpubs/13500/slac-pub-13583.pdf | ||||||
| 4995 | Journal Article | Kolokolov, D. V. | 2021 | Theory of filamentous dark matter by B.U. Rodionov - summary | filamentous dark matter | On February 23, 2021, Boris Ustinovich Rodionov, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, leading researcher at the Institute of Content and Teaching Methods of the Russian Academy of Education, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, member of the Russian Philosophical Society, passed away. In recent years, Boris Ustinovich has been engaged in substantiating the theory of filamentous dark matter. A number of his lectures and articles are devoted to this issue, some of which the reader can get acquainted with on this website. This article is an introduction to this theory and aims to give the reader a general idea of it, so that in the future he can more freely navigate this issue. | http://materialucida.com/images/SF/fdmshort-en.pdf | ||||||||
| 4996 | Book | Matsumoto, T. | 2000 | Steps to the Discovery of Electro-Nuclear Collapse: Collected Papers (1989-1999) | Available from Amazon and other booksellers | This book is an account of the journey of one life-long nuclear scientist as he discovered that the power of supernova to re-organise matter can be induced in simple experiments. "Far in the universe, nuclear collapses very often take place by the gravitational force after stars consume their fuel. Since the electromagnetic force is about 40 orders stronger than the gravitational force, it should be easy to induce similar nuclear collapses by the electromagnetic force in laboratory. But we never knew until now how to do that. Recently, the author discovered a nuclear collapse which was induced by the electromagnetic force in laboratory, during studying the mechanisms of so-called "Cold Fusion (CF)" phenomena. Several kinds of nuclear reaction which were directly induced by the electromagnetic force, called "Electro-Nuclear Reaction (ENR)," were found so far to occur in a special state of hydrogen clusters, called "itonic clusters," or "micro Ball Lightning (BL)." The nuclear collapse was one of the most remarkable reactions among ENRs, called "Electro-Nuclear Collapse (ENC)." Furthermore, very amazingly, completely broken materials by ENC were found to be regenerated again to thin tubes and films of conventional elements such as carbon, oxygen and iron. The latter process was called "Electro-Nuclear Regeneration (ENG) | |||||||||
| 4997 | Video | Greenyer, R. W. | 2022 | VEGA - The Apparatus | VEGA | First up is a discussion of the reactor chamber that made the VEGA Valley and how making that enlightening sample was a serendipitous event. Then comes the chamber that has been used for many of the VEGA experiments since that were conducted by Henk, including the ones I participated in and recorded during the second week of August 2022. | https://remoteview.substack.com/p/vega-the-apparatus | ||||||||
| 4998 | Video | Greenyer, R. W. | 2022 | Fractal Toroidal Moment Induced Transformation Reactions - A Coherent Matter Driven Process - V02 | 27th Russian Cold Nuclear Transmutation and Ball Lightning conference 2022 | Slides may be downloaded here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TCNjfyoKPLY1Knu1AIwUvBIzd0fmOhaG/view?usp=sharing | Fractal, Toriodal Moment, Induced Transformation Reactions, Ball Lightning, Coherent Matter, | Bob Greenyer's Presentation at the 27th Russian Cold Nuclear Transmutation and Ball Lightning conference 2022, walks through repeatable 3rd party experiments that underpin his reasoning for a return to a pressure model of gravity, last popular around 110 years ago. He explains how this plays into extraordinary MFMP observations of coherent matter effects and apparent interactions, via the fractal toroidal moment, with the spin of dark and ordinary matter, potentially yielding high frequency gravity waves and focussing thereof. Matsumoto documented ‘gravity waves’ in his Pd D experiments in 1990 which may be responsible for the 'gravity decay' of matter he said he observed. Taken together, this supports claims made in 2018 for destruction of matter and related nuclear fusion technology claimed on behalf of the United States NAVY. | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gux490Oywoo | ||||||
| 4999 | Journal Article | El Hassan, M., Bukharin, N., Al Khouz, W., Zhang, J-W., Li, W-F | 2021 | A Review on the Erosion Mechanism in Cavitating Jets and Their Industrial Applications | Applied Sciences | MDPI, Mechanical Engineering Section | cavitating jets, erosion mechanism, CAVIJET, jet flow | Cavitating jets have been widely studied for over a century, but despite the extensive literature on this subject, the implementation of cavitating jets in many industries is still very limited due to technical challenges. The main purpose of the present paper is to provide recommendations on using the cavitating jets based on a comprehensive literature review on the erosion mechanism in these jets. Self-resonating jets are extensively discussed in the present paper due to their importance in amplifying the erosion effect of cavitating jets. The influence of different jet nozzle geometric parameters and the operating conditions of the cavitating jet flow on the erosion mechanism is also discussed. Finally, well drilling in addition to multiple other industrial applications of cavitating jets are examined. | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/7/3166 | ||||||
| 5000 | Journal Article | Johnson, V. E., Chahine, G. L., Lindenmuth, W. T., Conn, A. F., Frederick, G. S., Giacchino, G. J. | 1984 | Cavitating and Structured Jets for Mechanical Bits to Increase Drilling Rate - Part I: Theory and Concepts | Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 106(2), 282. | ASME | erosion, jets, cavitation, resonating nozzles, vortices | The erosion and cleaning effect of jets is enhanced when the degree of cavitation on or near the bottom of the hole is increased. Analyses indicate that self-excited, acoustically resonating nozzles, causing jets to be structured with large discrete vortex rings, should promote cavitation to depths several times greater than for conventional jets. The new nozzle designs are shown to be suitable for existing mechanical drill bits and may even affect hole cleaning in the absence of cavitation. | https://sci-hub.se/10.1115/1.3231053 doi:10.1115/1.3231053 | ||||||
| 5001 | Journal Article | Johnson, V. E., Chahine, G. L., Lindenmuth, W. T., Conn, A. F., Frederick, G. S., Giacchino | 1984 | Cavitating and Structured Jets for Mechanical Bits to Increase Drilling Rate - Part II Experimental Results | Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 106(2), 289. | self-excited, resonating jets, cavitation, enhanced erosivity | Analyses of self-excited, resonating jets have been corroborated by laboratory experiments. These structured jets achieved cavitation at greater ambient pressures and showed enhanced erosivity in comparison to the non-structured jets from conventional drill bit nozzles. | https://sci-hub.se/10.1115/1.3231054 doi:10.1115/1.3231054 |